Machines and Mechanical Advantage Archimedes (Greek mathematician, 287 to 212 B.C.) said, “Give me...
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Transcript of Machines and Mechanical Advantage Archimedes (Greek mathematician, 287 to 212 B.C.) said, “Give me...
![Page 1: Machines and Mechanical Advantage Archimedes (Greek mathematician, 287 to 212 B.C.) said, “Give me a place to stand and I will move the Earth,” meaning.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081513/56649f3d5503460f94c5d576/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Machines and Mechanical Advantage
Archimedes (Greek mathematician, 287 to 212 B.C.) said, “Give me a place to stand and I will move the Earth,” meaning that if he had a lever long enough, he could move the Earth by
his own effort
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Mechanical Advantage (M.A.)
• the number of times a machine multiplies the effort force (FE ) put into it
• the more times the machine multiplies the effort force, the easier the job
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M.A. = Mechanical AdvantageFR = Resistance Force or LoadFE = Effort ForceDE = Effort DistanceDR = Resistance Distance
M.A.= FR DE
FE DR
Mechanical Advantage formula
or
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Example problem using forces
• What is the mechanical advantage of a machine where an effort force of 20 N will lift a load of 180 N?
FR = 180N MA = FR 180N/20N 9FE = 20N FE
given formula set up problem answer w/ unit of measurement
There is no unit of measurement on mechanical advantage
![Page 5: Machines and Mechanical Advantage Archimedes (Greek mathematician, 287 to 212 B.C.) said, “Give me a place to stand and I will move the Earth,” meaning.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081513/56649f3d5503460f94c5d576/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Example problem using distances
• What is the mechanical advantage of a machine where an effort distance of 20 meters will lift a load of 5 meters high?
DR = 5m MA = DE 20m/5m 4DE = 20m DR
given formula set up problem answer w/ unit of measurement
There is no unit of measurement on mechanical advantage
![Page 6: Machines and Mechanical Advantage Archimedes (Greek mathematician, 287 to 212 B.C.) said, “Give me a place to stand and I will move the Earth,” meaning.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081513/56649f3d5503460f94c5d576/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Six Types of Simple Machines
• basically a ramp
• has no moving parts
• decreases the effort force needed to move an object but increases the distance necessary to move it
1. Inclined Plane
The Inclined Plane Family
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Wedge• an incline plane that moves through
something
• normally made up of two inclined planes
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Screw• an inclined plane that is wrapped around to
form a spiral
• multiplies the effort force by increasing the distance
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Lever• a rigid bar that is free to pivot on a fulcrum
• Three classes of levers
–First Class
The Lever Family
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–Second class
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– Third class• the only lever that
does not multiply the effort force• but is does increase
speed and distance of what you are moving
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Pulley
• a rope, belt, chain… wrapped around a grooved wheel
• changes the direction of the force
• may multiply the effort force to lift heavy loads when using many pulleys
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Wheel and Axle• a lever or pulley connected to a shaft– the wheel is the larger circle/lever/pulley– the axle is the smaller circle/shaft/axle
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Compound Machines
• a combination of two or more simple machines