Machine Guarding and Amputation Hazards

Safety Training Presentations

Institute of Occupational Safety and Health

FY-11 OSHA Susan Harwood Grant Program

This material was produced under grant number SH22297-SH1 from OSHA. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

Objectives Students will:

• Identify sources of amputation hazards

• Describe available protection and safeguarding methods

• Identify hazardous machine components and motions

• Identify sources of amputations at the workplace.

• Interpret OSHA’s role and standards

Amputation

Amputations are most serious and debilitating workplace injuries.

They are widespread and involve a variety of activities and equipment.

Amputations occur most often when workers

operate unguarded or inadequately safeguarded mechanical equipment

Amputation (cont)

Injuries also happen during materials handling when using forklifts and doors as well as trash compactors

While using powered and non-powered hand tools.

While performing maintenance or repairs to improperly secured (LOTO) equipment

Machine is not safeguarded because …

Equipment came that way I bought it used and that part was missing Guard gets in the way Is easier to work around it It’s common sense: no one will put their hands

in there I don’t know…

Sources of Amputation

Mechanical power presses

Power press brakes

Powered and non-powered

conveyors

Printing presses

Roll-forming and roll

bending machines

Food slicers, meat

grinders, meat-cutting

band saws

Drill presses, and milling

machines & shears

Grinders and slitters

Hazardous Machine Components

Point of operation

• Area where work is performed

Power-transmission devices

• Pulleys, belts, gears, etc

Other moving parts

• Reciprocating action, rotating

Hazardous Machine Motions

Rotating – Circular motion Reciprocating – Back and forth motion Transverse – Straight continuous line Cutting – Sawing, boring, milling Punching – Metal Stamping Shearing – Metal Trimming Bending – Metal forming

Hazardous Activities

Employees operating and caring for machinery perform activities that presents amputation hazards such as:

• Set up and preparation

• Maintenance

• Machine set up

• Clearing Jams

• Lubrication and Inspection

Controlling Amputation Hazards

Machine Safeguarding is essential for protecting employees from preventable injury. A good rule to remember is:

• Any part of a machine, function, or process that may cause injury must be safeguarded

• Safety is everyone's responsibility not just your supervisor

Protection Methods

Recognize and avoid amputation hazards through:

• Guarding

• Safe work practices

• Employee training

• Administrative controls

• Operating in a safe manner.

Preventive Measures

Lock Out Tag out:The best way to prevent amputations caused by stationary or portable machinery is with machine safeguarding and must be supplemented by an effective energy control (LOTO )

Machine safeguarding

Two methods of machine safeguarding: • Guards and Safe Guarding Devices

Guards are physical barriers that prevent access to danger area

Devices: Help prevent contact with points of operation and may replace or supplement guards. Interrupt normal operation when workers hands are inside the machine

Hand and Portable Power Tools

Ensure guards are in place and working when using circular portable saws with a blade of 2” or more in diameter.

All portable power tools with a 2” or more diameter wheel should have a constant pressure switch.

Applies to grinders, belt sanders, reciprocating saws, drills, etc.

OSHA Machine Guarding E-Tool eTools are "stand-alone" Web-based training tools

on occupational safety and health topics.

They provide guidance information for developing a comprehensive safety and health program.

Therefore, they include elements that go beyond specific OSHA mandates, such as recommendations for good industry practice.

OSHA Standards The following OSHA standards are a few of the

regulations that protect employees from amputation hazards.• 29 CFR 1910 Sub Parts O and P: Machinery and machine

safeguarding

• 29 CFR 1926 Subpart I covers hand tools

Helpful OSHA Resources

OSHA has many helpful programs, including assistance about safety and health programs, state plans, workplace consultations, voluntary protection programs, strategic partnerships, training and education, and more

Summary Proper LOTO will prevent injuries while

performing maintenance on equipment The use of Guards and devices are

safeguarding methods to prevent amputations

Recognize dangerous machine motions OSHA is here to help. If in doubt refer to the

standards and supervisor

OSHA Contact NumbersTo report Unsafe Working Conditions, Safety and Health Violations Contact OSHA @:

1-800-321-OSHA (6742) / TTY1-877-889-5627

To File a Complaint Form:

To file an OSHA-7 report online, see how to file a complaint with OSHA (www.osha.gov)

For more information regarding your rights, see Worker Rights

References

29 CFR Part 1910 Subparts O and P cover

machinery and machine guarding.

29 CFR 1926 Subpart I covers hand tools

and powered tools.

OSHA website: www.osha.gov