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MA41F (v8.3us)

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SITE CODE

CASE NUMBER

Case start date/time:

Case end date/time:

Total of numbered pages in this completed form:

Name Signature

Anthropologist:

Checked by:

Database entry by:

International Forensic Centre of Excellence

California State University, Chico

ANTHROPOLOGY RECORDING FORM

INDIVIDUAL ADULT SKELETON

International Forensic Centre

of Excellence

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1 CASE SUMMARY Commingling present? Yes No MNI:

Additional human material? Yes No Number(s) given:

Additional non-human material? Yes No Number(s) given:

Body defleshed? Yes No Method:

Ancestry: Method:

Age: years Method:

Sex: Method:

Stature: cm Method:

Stature adjusted? Yes No Method:

DNA sample taken? Yes No Number(s) given:

Other samples taken? Yes No Number(s) given:

Comments and summary: include details pertinent to the identification and cause of death. Condition (completeness and taphonomy)

Perimortem trauma

Antemortem trauma & pathologies

Other





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2 SUMMARY INFORMATION Refer to relevant document or log

IDENTIFICATION DOCUMENTS CLOTHING

PERSONAL EFFECTS EVIDENCE (ligatures, ballistics etc.)

ID NUMBER TYPE DATE

DNA SAMPLE OTHER SAMPLES (entomology, biological, hair):

ID NUMBER TYPE DATE ID NUMBER TYPE DATE





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3 ADULT INVENTORY AND MNI

Key: P Present (over 95%) F Fragment (to 50%) I Incomplete (50-95%) A Absent

Key:

Element Left Right Occipital Foramen mag Parietal Frontal Orbit Rim Nasal Nasal conchae Maxilla Palatine Zygomatic Temporal sq Petrous part Ear ossicles Sphenoid body Sphenoid wing Ethmoid Vomer Lacrimal Zygomatic

Mandible body Mandible ramus

Manubrium Sternum Xyphoid

Clavicle Left Right Medial Diaphysis Lateral

Scapula Left Right Body Acromion Glenoid

Humerus Left Right Proximal Diaphysis Distal

Radius Left Right Proximal Diaphysis Distal

Ulna Left Right Proximal Diaphysis Distal

Hyoid

Cartilage

Element Body Neural arch Cervical 1 Cervical 2 Cervical 3 Cervical 4 Cervical 5 Cervical 6 Cervical 7

Element Body Neural arch Thoracic 1 Thoracic 2 Thoracic 3 Thoracic 4 Thoracic 5 Thoracic 6 Thoracic 7 Thoracic 8 Thoracic 9 Thoracic 10 Thoracic 11 Thoracic 12

Element Body Neural arch Lumbar 1 Lumbar 2 Lumbar 3 Lumbar 4 Lumbar 5

Supernumerary

Element Left Right Rib 1 Rib 2 Rib 3 Rib 4 Rib 5 Rib 6 Rib 7 Rib 8 Rib 9 Rib 10 Rib 11 Rib 12

Supernumerary

Element Left Right Scaphoid Lunate Triquetral Pisiform Trapezium Trapezoid

Capitate Hamate

Sesmoids

Element Left Right Metacarpal 1

Metacarpal 2 Metacarpal 3 Metacarpal 4 Metacarpal 5

Hand Phalanges

(specify left and right if possible) Proximal Middle Distal

1 2 3 4

5





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Element Sacrum 1 Sacrum 2 Sacrum 3

Sacrum 4 Sacrum 5

Coccyx (#)

Element Left Right Ilium Ischium Pubis

Femur Left Right Proximal Diaphysis

Distal

Tibia Left Right Proximal Diaphysis Distal

Fibula Left Right Proximal Diaphysis

Distal

Patella Left Right

Element Left Right Calcaneus

Talus Navicular Cuboid Lateral Cuneiform

Middle Cuneiform Medial Cuneiform

Sesmoids

Element Left Right Metatarsal 1

Metatarsal 2 Metatarsal 3 Metatarsal 4 Metatarsal 5

Foot Phalanges

(specify left and right if possible) Proximal Middle Distal

1 2 3

4 5

P Present (over 95%) I Incomplete (50-95%) F Fragment (to 50%) A Absent

Commingled Remains (tick if elements are duplicated or commingling is suspected, additional inventory forms can be completed and attached.)

Additional Notes:





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4 METRIC ANALYSIS 4.1 CRANIOMETRICS

Note that the LEFT bone is preferred over the right bone, any exception will be marked ‘R’. Mark measurements taken from lightly eroded or reconstructed bone with an asterisk (*).

Measurements should be undertaken twice to determine intra-observer error.

Measurement CRANID FORDISC L mm R Measurement CRANID FORDISC L mm R

Maximum cranial length GOL g-op Interorbital

breadth DKB d-d

Nasio-occipital length NOL

Cheek height WMH

Bizygomatic diameter zy-zy Frontal chord FRC n-b

Basion-bregma height BBH ba-b Minimum frontal

breadth ft-ft

Cranial base length BNL ba-n Nasion-bregma

subtense FRS

Maximum cranial breadth XCB eu-eu

Parietal chord PAC b-l

Maximum frontal breadth XFB Bregma-lambda

subtense PAS

Biauricular breadth AUB au-au Occipital chord OCC l-o

Biasterionic breadth ASB

Lambda-opisthion subtense

OCS

Basion-prosthion length BPL ba-pr Foramen

magnum length ba-o

Upper facial height NPH n-pr Foramen

magnum breadth ü

Nasal height NLH n-ns

Mastoid length ü

Orbital height OBH ü Chin height id-gn

Orbital breadth OBB d-ec Height of mandibular body ü

Bijugal breadth JUB Breadth of mandibular body ü

Nasal breadth NLB al-al

Bigonial width go-go

Maxillo-alveolar breadth MAB ecm-ecm Bicondylar

breadth cdl-cdl

Maxillo-alveolar length pr-alv Minimum ramus

breadth ü

Bimaxillary breadth ZMB Maximum ramus

breadth ü

Zygomaxillary subtense SSS Maximum ramus

height ü

Upper facial breadth FMB fmt-fmt

Mandibular length ü

Nasion-frontal subtense NAS Mandibular angle ü

Biorbital breadth EKB ec-ec





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4.2 POSTCRANIAL MEASUREMENTS Note that the LEFT bone is preferred over the right bone, any exception will be marked ‘R’. Mark measurements taken from lightly eroded or reconstructed bone with an asterisk (*).

Measurements should be undertaken twice to determine intra-observer error.

Code Clavicle mm

α Maximum length

δ Mid-clavicular circumference

Code Scapula mm

α Maximum length

χ Spine length

γ Glenoid cavity height

Code Sternum mm

α Manubrium length

β Body (mesosternum) length

χ Sternebra 1 width

δ Sternebra 3 width

Code Humerus mm

α Maximum length

χ Vertical diameter of head

γ Least circumference shaft

Code Radius mm

α Maximum length

δ Maximum head diameter

ε Neck circumference

Code Ulna mm

α Maximum length

β Physiological length

ε Minimum circumference

Code Sacrum mm

β Anterior superior breadth

α Maximum transverse diameter of base

χ Transverse breadth of S1

Code Femur mm

α Maximum length

β Bicondylar length

η Midshaft circumference

κ Minimum vertical diameter neck

λ Maximum head diameter

Code Tibia mm

α Length

φ Circumference at the nutrient foramen

γ Maximum length

Code Fibula mm

α Maximum length

β Maximum diameter at midshaft





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5 NON-METRIC TRAITS 5.1 NON-METRIC VARIATIONS: SKELETAL

Primary Non-metric trait Observation Supplemental Non-metric trait Observation Metopic suture Fontal grooves Supraorbital notch/ foramina Ethmoidal foramina Infraorbital suture Supratrochlear notch/ foramen Infraorbital foramen Trochlear spine Zygomatic facial foramina Double occipital condylar facet Parietal foramen Paracondylar process Sutural bones: Jugular foramen bridging

Epipteric bone Pharyngeal tubercle Coronal ossicle Clinoid bridges/ spurs Bregmatic bone Lesser palatine foramen Sagittal ossicle Palatine torus Apical bone Maxillary torus Lambdoid ossicle Rocker mandible Asterionic bone Suprameatal spine Ossicle in occipito-mastoid Divided parietal bone Parietal notch bone Os Japonicum

Inca bone Marginal tubercle Condylar canal Retroarticular bridge (C1) Divided hypoglossal canal Accessory transverse foramen Superior sagittal sulcus flexure Vertebral number shift Foramen ovale incomplete Accessory sacroiliac articulation Foramen spinosum incomplete Suprascapular foramen/notch Pterygo-spinous bridge/spur Accessory acromial articular facet Pterygo-alar bridge/spur Unfused acromial epiphysis Tympanic dehiscence Glenoid fossa extension Auditory exostosis Circumflex sulcus Mastoid foramen Sternal foramen Mental foramen number Supratrochlear spur Mandibular torus Trochlear notch form Mylohyoid bridge Allen’s fossa (femur) Atlas bridging Poirier’s facet Septal aperture (humerus) Third trochanter Accessory transverse foramen C7 Vastus notch (patella) Squatting facets (tibia) After White, 2000 Squatting facets (talus) Calcaneal articular surface

Complete all boxes with the codes provided; indicate when feature is not recorded by slashing the box.

5.2 NON-METRIC VARIATIONS: DENTAL Dental Non-metric trait Observation Dental Non-metric trait Observation Shovelling Main cusp of lower molar Double shovelling Mand molar groove & fissure patterns Tuberculum dentale Deflecting wrinkle Canine ridges Trigonid crest Uto-Aztecan upper premolar Protostyloid of lower molars Upper molar main cusp variations Enamel extensions Metaconule of upper molars Enamel pearl Carabelli’s cusp Taurodontism Parastyle of upper molar Root number in cheek teeth Lower premolar cusp Diastema

Complete all boxes with the codes provided; indicate when feature is not recorded by slashing the box.





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6 SEX DETERMINATION Pelvis - Trait Left (observation) ♀/♂ Right (observation) ♀/♂

Subpubic concavity

Ventral arc

Ishiopubic ramus (medial aspect)

Subpubic angle

Greater sciatic notch

Obturator foramen

Preauricular sulcus

Blade of the ilium

Sacral alae (relative to body)

Skull - Trait Left (observation) ♀/♂ Right (observation) ♀/♂

Angle of the frontal

Frontal/parietal eminences

Nuchal crest

Mastoid process

Suprameatal crest

Zygomatic bone

Zygomatic process of frontal

Orbital outline

Supraorbital margin

Glabella

Gonial angle flare

Mental eminence

Lower margin of mandible

Estimate of sex (circle): Not Examined Female ♀ Probably

Female Ambiguous Probably Male Male ♂

Notes:





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Maximum Length of Scapula (Stewart, 1979):

Females Ambiguous Males

<140mm 141-169mm >170mm

Height of Glenoid Fossa (Stewart, 1979):

Females Males

<36mm >36mm

Vertical Diameter of the Humeral Head (Stewart, 1979):

Females Ambiguous Males

<43mm 44-46mm >47mm

Maximum Diameter of the Femoral Head (Stewart, 1979):

Female Female? Ambiguous Male? Male

<42.5mm 42.5-43.5mm 43.5-46.5mm 46.5-47.5mm >47.5mm Robusticity Indices:

Humerus: [least circumference of shaft x 100] ÷ maximum length of humerus

Radius: [least circumference of shaft x 100] ÷ physiological length of radius

Femur: [AP midshaft diameter + ML midshaft diameter x100] ÷ bicondylar length Parity Status:

Pubic Tubercle Left innominate Right innominate

Score

Description

Extrapolation

Analytical Notes:

Final estimate of sex (circle):

Not Examined Female ♀ Probably

Female Ambiguous Probably Male Male ♂





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7 ASSESSMENT OF AGE AT DEATH All ages below are given in years

Element Age Stage

Occipital

Spheno-occipital synchondrosis

F 11-16 M 13-18

Closure of jugular growth plate 22-34

Ethmoid Ethmoid to vomer 20-30

Sternum

Sternebra 2 to sternebrae 3-4 11-16

Epiphyses B 11-16

Sternebra 1 to mesosternum 15-20

Sternum complete 21

Xyphoid to mesosternum 40+

Clavicle

Medial epiphyseal flake

B 16-21 C 29+

Lateral epiphyseal flake 19-20

Scapula

Coracoid and subcoracoid to body

B 13-16 C 15-17

Glenoid epiphysis 17-18

Acromial and coracoid epiphyses By 20

Inferior angle and medial border By 23

Hyoid Fusion of some elements In adult life

Humerus

Distal composite epiphysis to shaft

F 11-15 M 12-17

Medial epicondyle to shaft

F 13-15 M 14-16

Composite proximal epiphysis to shaft

F 13-17 M 16-20

Radius Proximal epiphysis F 11½ -13

M 14-17

Distal epiphysis F 14-17 M 16-20

Ulna Proximal epiphysis F 12 -14

M 13-16


Hand

Base of MC1 F 14-14½ M 16½

Head of MC 2-5 F 14½-15 M 16½

Distal phalangeal epiphyses

F 13½ M 16

Proximal and intermediate epiphyses

F 14-14½ M 16½

Element Age Stage

verte

brae

Cervical Annular rings 17-25

Thoracic Annular rings 16-19

Lumbar Annular rings 17-24

Sacrum Posterior synchondroses B 6-8 C 10-15

Ribs Epiphyses of heads 17-25

Pelvis

Acetabulum F 11-15 M 14-17

Iliac crest B 17-20 C 20-23

Anterior inferior iliac spine epiphysis By 20

Ischial epiphysis 20-23

Femur

Proximal epiphysis F 12-16 M 14-19


Greater trochanter F 14-16 M 16-18

Lesser trochanter 16-17

Tibia

Proximal epiphysis F 13-17 M 15-19


Tuberosity 12-14

Fibula Proximal epiphysis F 12-17

M 15-20


Tarsal

Calcaneal epiphysis

F B 10-12 C 15-16

M B 11-14 C 18-20

Talar epiphysis F 9 M 12

Base of MT 1 F 9-12 M 12-15

Head of MT 2-5 F 11-13 M 14-16

Distal and middle phalangeal epiphyses

F 11-13 M 14-16

Key: U Un-fused F Fusing C Complete fusion

F female M male B begins fusion C completes fusion

After Scheuer & Black, 2000





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Pubic symphysis Left Right

Billowing

Ventral rampart

Dorsal plateau

Rim

Phase/Age

Auricular surface Left Right

Transverse organisation

Surface texture

Micro-porosity

Macro-porosity

Apical changes

Phase/Age

Sternal rib ends Left Right

Rim form

Wall form & density

Pit shape and depth

Phase/Age

Analytical Notes:

Final age range (years):





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8 ESTIMATION OF LIVING STATURE Indicate the measurement being used by ticking the appropriate box(es).

Note that the LEFT bone is preferred over the right bone, any exception will be marked ‘R’. If averaging left and right measurements indicate this with a double asterisk (**).

Mark measurements taken from lightly eroded or reconstructed bone with a single asterisk (*).

Bone and measurement cm Max humeral length Max radial length Max ulna length

Physiological ulna length Anterior sacral height Innominate height

Maximum femoral length (α)

Bicondylar femoral length (β) Maximum tibia length

Tibia length (α) Fibula length

Calcaneus: max length(α) Calcaneus: posterior L (χ) Maximum talus length

Metatarsal length

MT 1

MT 2 MT 3 MT 4 MT 5

Formula computation

Highlight formula used: Measurement Equation: stature = SE (±) Measurement Equation: stature = SE (±) White males Black males Humerus 3.08 (length cm) + 70.45 = ± 4.05 Humerus 3.26 (length cm) + 62.10 = ± 4.43 Radius 3.78 (length cm) + 79.01 = ± 4.32 Radius 3.42 (length cm) + 81.56 = ± 4.30 Ulna 3.70 (length cm) + 74.05 = ± 4.32 Ulna 3.26 (length cm) + 79.29 = ± 4.42 Femur 2.38 (length cm) + 61.41 = ± 3.27 Femur 2.11 (length cm) + 70.35 = ± 3.94 Fibula 2.68 (length cm) + 71.78 = ± 3.29 Fibula 2.19 (length cm) + 85.65 = ± 4.08 White females Black females Humerus 3.36 (length cm) + 57.97 = ± 4.45 Humerus 3.08 (length cm) + 64.67 = ± 4.25 Radius 4.74 (length cm) + 54.93 = ± 4.24 Radius 2.75 (length cm) + 94.51 = ± 5.05 Ulna 4.27 (length cm) + 57.76 = ± 4.30 Ulna 3.31 (length cm) + 75.38 = ± 4.83 Femur 2.47 (length cm) + 54.10 = ± 3.72 Femur 2.28 (length cm) + 59.76 = ± 3.41 Fibula 2.93 (length cm) + 59.61 = ± 3.57 Fibula 2.49 (length cm) + 70.90 = ± 3.80 East Asian males Mexican males Humerus 2.68 (length cm) + 83.19 = ± 4.25 Humerus 2.92 (length cm) + 73.94 = ± 4.24 Radius 3.54 (length cm) + 82.00 = ± 4.60 Radius 3.55 (length cm) + 80.71 = ± 4.04 Ulna 3.48 (length cm) + 77.45 = ± 4.66 Ulna 3.56 (length cm) + 74.56 = ± 4.05 Femur 2.15 (length cm) + 72.57 = ± 3.80 Femur 2.44 (length cm) + 58.67 = ± 2.99 Fibula 2.40 (length cm) + 80.56 = ± 3.24 Fibula 2.50 (length cm) + 75.44 = ± 3.52

(after Trotter, 1970)





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9 DENTAL INFORMATION 9.1 MAXILLARY TEETH

Status Location Anomaly Modification Malformation Pathology P present A absent

M mesial D distal Lg lingual Lb labial B buccal O occlusal R root C crown

Ue unerupted Im impacted Sp supernumerary Ec extra cusp Pt peg tooth Rd retained deciduous

Dc discolouration Dr decoration At attrition As abrasion Er erosion

Rt rotation Tn transportation Cr crowding Mo malocclusion Ds diastema

Ab abscess Pq plaque Rp resorption Rd remodelling Ed enamel defects

Time Restoration Bite Trauma Am antemortem Cm perimortem Pm postmortem

F filling Xc false crown Xt false tooth

Ob Overbite Eb Edge-edge Ub Underbite

Ch chip Fx fracture

LEFT MAXILLA

Tooth P/A Antemortem Perimortem Postmortem

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

RIGHT MAXILLA


11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

Additional Codes:

(e.g. colour or hatch)





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9.2 MANDIBULAR TEETH Status Location Anomaly Modification Malformation Pathology P present A absent

M mesial D distal Lg lingual Lb labial B buccal O occlusal R root C crown

Ue unerupted Im impacted Sp supernumerary Ec extra cusp Pt peg tooth Rd retained deciduous

Dc discolouration Dr decoration At attrition As abrasion Er erosion

Rt rotation Tn transportation Cr crowding Mo malocclusion Ds diastema

Ab abscess Pq plaque Rp resorption Rd remodelling Ed enamel defects

Time Restoration Bite Trauma Am antemortem Cm perimortem Pm postmortem

F filling Xc false crown Xt false tooth

Ob Overbite Eb Edge-edge Ub Underbite

Ch chip Fx fracture

LEFT MANDIBLE


31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

RIGHT MANDIBLE


41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

Additional Codes:





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10 ANTEMORTEM TRAUMA AND PATHOLOGY Annotate the skeletal diagram using the terminology prompts provided; differentiate the observations of any antemortem trauma, anomalies or pathologies using numerical sequence (i.e. pathology 1) and fully describe

observations on the notes pages provided.

Key (colour code/hatch):

Antemortem trauma

Infectious disease

Congenital/Developmental

Neoplastic disease

Metabolic disease

Vascular disease

Joint disease

Idiopathic disease

Number of Antemortem observations:

Abscess New/reactive bone Amputation Osteoarthritis Ankylosis Osteochon dess Aplasia Osteoma/Neoplasm Callous Osteophytosis Develop abnormality Periostitis DISH Porosity Dislocation Pseudoarthrosis Dysplasia Sacralization Eburnation Schmorls nodes Fusion Sclerosis Healed fracture Scoliosis Healing fracture Sequestration Hyperplasia Sinus(es) Hypoplasia Slipped epiphysis Involucrum Spina bifida Kyphosis Spondylolisthesis Lesion Spondylolysis Lumbarization Syndesmophytes Necrosis





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Lesion Number

Lesion Type

Bone(s) affected

Description

Sketch





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11 PERIMORTEM TRAUMA Annotate the skeletal diagram using the terminology prompts provided; differentiate the traumas using numerical

sequence (i.e. trauma 1) and fully describe the trauma on the notes pages provided.

Trauma type: BFT Blunt force trauma GSW Gunshot wound SFT Sharp force trauma CFU Causal force Unknown

Descriptions: Bv Bevelling Ew Entrance wound Ex Exit wound Fp Focal point Lb Loss of bone tissue

Be Bullet/fragment embedded

Bc Bullet/fragment encrusted

Fracture type: Angulation Bone bruise Avulsion Bow Compression Comminute Crushing Depression Impaction Epiphyseal Linear Greenstick Rotational Oblique Tapping Spiral Tension Torus Transverse Vertical

Numbers of perimortem trauma observed:





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Trauma Number

Trauma Type

Bone(s) affected

Description

Sketch





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12 POSTMORTEM TRAUMA Annotate the skeletal diagram using the terminology prompts provided; when necessary describe the observation on the notes pages provided, differentiating the descriptions using numerical sequence (i.e. Postmortem stain 1).

A Animal scavenging B Bleaching E Erosion H Heat modified (burnt) P Postmortem break R Rootlet/mycorrhizae etching S Staining X Excavation damage

Numbers of perimortem trauma observed:





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Observation Number

Observation Type

Bone(s) affected

Description

Sketch





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13 CRANIAL DIAGRAMS Shade ABSENT bones and indicate location of any trauma and implants on the diagram





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14 ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS 14.1 ADDITIONAL FRAGMENTS

Use this section to record FRAGMENTS of bone NOT belonging to the case individual.

Weight (mg) 10mm sieve 5mm sieve 2mm sieve 1mm sieve Total Unidentified Skeletal Elements Non-human Skeletal Elements Non-osseous material

Fragment Size 10mm sieve 5mm sieve 2mm sieve 1mm sieve Total Unidentified Skeletal Elements Non-human Skeletal Elements Non-osseous material

14.2 ADDITIONAL DENTAL ELEMENTS

Use this section to record teeth NOT belonging to the case individual.

Right Maxilla Left Maxilla 11 21 12 22 13 23 14 24 15 25 16 26 17 27 18 28

Right Mandible Left Mandible 41 31 42 32 43 33 44 34 45 35 46 36 47 37 48 38

Additional elements removed from case: Yes No

If yes, provide new location:





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15 IMAGES 15.1 PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORDS

Use this page to record the photographic reference number, provide a description of what has been taken and at what angle. If suggested photographs (in the first table) were not taken, insert NA in the ‘Date’ column.

Film Frame Digital Description Date

Overall view in anatomical position

Mandibular dentition

Maxillary dentition

Medial clavicle

Sternal end of rib

Pubic symphysis

Auricular surface

Iliac crest

Film Frame Digital Description Date





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15.2 RADIOGRAPHIC RECORDS Use this page to record the radiograph reference number, provide a description of what has been radiographed (i.e.

left humerus at midshaft) and any observations (i.e. linear fracture).

Radiograph Description and Observation Date





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ADDITIONAL NOTES

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