M3 journal
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Transcript of M3 journal
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DIGITAL DESIGN + FABRICATION SM1, 2015 M3 JOURNAL - PLANT SUPPORT
Siyun Yang & Zihao Guo698893 & 683552
Tutor Name: Paul Loh
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Introduction
The failed M2 prototypes have alerted us that the personal space is essential
for designing the second skin project. Thus in M3 Journal, the refinement of
digital models and fabrication of prototypes are both based on the measure-
ment of personal space, which corresponds to the scenarios of library (for self-
study in silent) and when if walking in the street (to avoid people).
The personal space focus on the upper body of female, where is to protect the
body off the unnecessary physical contact. A series of continuous tube form
the structure of this second skin project, the more process of developments will
be explored by the following pages.
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Design development
Since the problems occurred in M2 Journal, the modification of digital models in accurate scale is the most essential portion
through the development from M2 to M3. The personal space has measured in this stage, and three different volume of personal
space with individual group of people will have different privacy space.
These problems need to be solved in M3 Journal: the parallel continuous lines have to be developed by adding the crossing
lines to support the structure stand up; the materials such as the junction should be tested in several experiments; and, digital
models must be based on the accurate personal space.
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Design development + fabrication of Prototype V.2
At this stage, we refined the digital model by using sectioning and contouring tools to make the model more precise from the personal
space in a well-scale. And therefore, we can use the intersection that form by sectioning tool instead of drawing each individual line in
Rhino. This is also can be used for the later fabrication process, and because it is more accurate than draw by individual line, the structure
will be more stable.
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Design development + fabrication of Prototype V.2
PlanPerspective view on body
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Architecture in the Digital Age - Design + Manufacturing/ Branko Kolarevic, Spon Press, London c2003
According to Kolarevic(2003), there are three findemental techniques for frabrication
including two-dimensional fabrication, subtractive fabrication and additivbe fabrication.
In order to fabricate our design from digital model to hysical model, we are using two-
dimensional fabrication to obtain components and assemble the components instead
of spiliting solid or adding layers by the 3D system. For the two-dimensional fabrication,
there are also some production strategies including contouring, triangulation, using of
developable?undevelopable sufaces, and unfolding. For our design, we are choosing
the contouring and sectioning which creates a series of planar sections which are able
to be used diretly to articulate structural components. And those series of sections can be
manipulated to create geometry and a complete abstraction of the building’s structure.
With this approaches components can be connected from different pieces while temporary
might be needed.
Reading Response Wk 6
Describe one aspect of the recent shift in the use of digital technology from design to fabrication?
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Reading applied to design
Refer to Kolarevic’s reading, we decided to create a sturctue that is able to be
held by the planar section components themselves by crossing each other and
form ‘grids’ . In order to get the planar sections of the structure, we firstly built a
mesh or surface for our personal space area which we measured. After that, we
used the contouring tool and sectioning tool to get the planar section from the
personal space’s surface. Some of those sections might need to be intercepted
each other to create a structure that is able to hold itself with those structural
members.
How does the fabrication process and strategy effect your second skin project?
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The development of digital design is one giant leap for architects to design the
complex geometry components easier. It shortens the time between original de-
sign and final stage, and it is convenient for designers since it can make the model
more accurate.
One of the methods with the computer modelling is called ‘sectioning’. The tech-
nique of sectioning is to take numerous cross lines on the object, and it can imme-
diately form parallel lines on the surface.
‘Playa Urbana/Urban Beach’ by William Massie is one of the examples that used
sectioning in digital construction. The sectional ribbing, parallel stacking, and waf-
fle-grid are the techniques that constructed through sectioning.
Apart from it, the digital fabrication and the material techniques will calibrate the
process between the virtual model and the physical model. The physical model
can be assemble with the reference of the digital model for either dimension or the
design’s forms. And some feedback can be reflected to the digital model process-
ing when making the physical model in terms of material property, assembling is-
sues and some visual response. For the processes of design and making. the visual
model and the physicasl model making might need to be be interacted with each
other.
Digital Fabrications: architectural + material techniques/Lisa Iwamoto. New York: Princeton Architectural Press c2009
Describe one aspect of the recent shift in the use of digital technology from design to fabrication?
Reading Response Wk 7
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Reading applied to design
According to the Design and making techniques from the reading, we kept doing our pro-
totype by refering to the digital model from getting fixxing points and dimension for the
tubes. At the same time, we got some feedback from the the material property to the digital
model. We kept doing the processes in a loop to refine our design.
During the processes, we found our material itself (the tube) is not strong enoung to hold
a structure especially with the longer components as they got their own weight and grav-
ity. As a result we decide to create more interceptions between the tubes and shorter the
components to provide more tension for the structure to make the strurure more strong and
reinforced. In addition, we build a ‘hat’ structure on top of the human head with parrel tied
tubes to attach the design to the human body with a more continous structure instead of the
the separate inner support structure for the heavy outer structure.
Referencing from the lectures and readings, what is the implication of digital fabrication on your design ?
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Prototype development
The testing of the property of tube is show as above. A seg-
ment of the model is made by a few tubes and pins, and then
formed a shell shape and stood by the structure itself.
The tube of fish tank has chosen for the material as our en-
tire structure. The quality of tube is flexible and continuous,
and the color is semi-transparent with light purple-blue. When
tubes cross to each other – form as X-shape, they will support
their own to stand up.
Therefore, the decision for choosing tube as the entire structure is discussed and made since it achieved to our intended effects – the
stable structure can create the volume from the body.
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Some early prototypes have been made out throughout the idea of thinking
of design. The inner structures are developed to support the outer structure
since the outer cannot hold by itself. Figure 1 is the segment that adjoins the
neck to support the back; figure 2 is the shoulder part where adjoins on two
arms to support both sides; figure 3 is the front segment that connects the
front outer structure.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
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Prototype optimisation
The effect we want to achieve is to create a privacy space to
protect the upper body. The focus is on the neck and head
which is the most sensitive part of the body. Therefore, based
on the measurement of personal space, a volume is created
to refuse other people get close to you.
Also, the supporting structure is created by optimizing the
view. It means the dislike people will be block from you sight
since you can only identify the shadows if look outward. Cer-
tainly, you can still look at the road from the gap in between.
The reason that did not use pins or tape is because cable tie
is a strong material that can tie two tubes tightly, and makes
tubes cannot tendency to either left or right direction.
And also, when we fabricated the structure, we found that the
remains part of cable tie can create a secondary personal
space that keep the distance with other and against to the
stranger.
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Prototype optimisation
We found that the longer tubes are useless for the entire struc-
ture since they cannot both in supporting the structure and
create much more self weight. Therefore we removed those
tubes and adding up the short diagonal tubes for replacement.
Using parrel tied tubes which are extermly strong on the top to
crrate tensional for to hold the structurePrevious digital design
Current digital design Prototype of current design
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In terms of continuous structure and fluid shape, the property of the material needs to
be continuous and also represents the idea of the section and contour. The material
also needs to be able to form the structure that can be support by itself.
Only two materials we used in our prototype: cable tie for all the junction, and fish tank
tube for the entire structure.
Cable tie is used to replace the pins for typing up two or three tubes at each intersec-
tion. It can not only avoid the damage from the sharp end, but also the aesthetics of
transparent cable tie.
Two different types of tube are used in the entire structure. One has the larger radius
and the other is smaller. The larger one has heavier weight which is one 20 meters con-
tinuous tube; the smaller one is split to four different portions of compounds: eight verti-
cal tubes as the connection between the supporting structure and the main structure;
six horizontal continuous curvilinear with different lengths; eight oblique tubes for both
sides where four tilt to the left and four to the right.
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2nd Skin final design
Perspective View
Front ElevationRight Elevation
Plan
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The inner structure is deleted since we found that is useless and the outer structure can actually support by the continuous structure on the head.
Hence, eight vertical tubes are then developed to connect the top and main structure.
Therefore, the entire structure provides a great personal space and will not be tied to the body.
Right Elevation Front Elevation Perspective View Plan
2nd Skin final design
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Fabrication Sequence
H3 H2 H1
T1
V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10
V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17V21
V20V19
V18
The diagram shows all the elements we used in the final physical prototype.
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Front view of prototype Back view of prototype: when meet stranger middle step of adding up the protection structure
Final verse of prototype
From the development of prototype, we started to make the top portion first. Since
the tube is 20 meter long, it is simple to fabricate the shape, and then we started the
bottom curvilinear where the base of the protection portion is. The next step is to add
up the vertical short tube between the top and bottom. This is because the remained
curvilinear can be easier tie up to the constructed structure.
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Assembly Drawing
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2nd Skin
Prototype by itself
Front view: prototype on the body in normal time Back view: prototype on the body in normal time
Right view: prototype on the body in normal time
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Front view: prototype on the body in self-immerse time (meet dislike people) Right view: prototype on the body in self-immerse time Back view: prototype on the body in self-immerse time
The effect we achieve is split into two themes: one is in the normal time, such as walking on the street or talk to someone else; the other
is when you do not want to look towards, such as a dislike people just in front of you, or some views that you do not want to look at. The
entire structure can be turned under these two themes.
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AppendixPersonal Space
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Bibliography:
Kolarevic.B., Architecture in the Digital Age - Design and Manufacturing , Spon Press, London, c2003
Iwamoto, L. Digital fabrications: architectural and material techniques, New York : Princeton Architectural Press, c2009.
Appendix