Situation and Environment Kum Hik Sya Sef Kos San Sch Low ENS SNU MDA MI SSF FP MR OIG

Number of points 3 2 2 6 5 31 11 17 18 8 32 5 16 10 17 9

pseud vittata 2 3 4 12 3 3 9Immature hilgentokiocomplex

6 2 13 10 45 23 20 3 3 13 1 58 8 50 2

Total number 13 5 9 59 107 188 52 125 161 78 213 63 147 50 60 53

Number of complate morph 0 0 9 41 37 43 22 21 55 33 119 1 15 0 0 0

Bumber of Degraded morph 13 5 0 18 70 145 30 104 106 45 94 62 132 50 60 53

Total of complate morph 0 0 100 69.5 34.6 22.9 42.3 16.8 34.2 42.3 55.9 1.6 10.2 0 0 0

A. tokoensis 100 10.2

A. vittatus (syn. tokioensis) 5.6 9.6 13.6 6.2

A. tokioensis v. Munakata 10.2 21.7 0.5

A. tokioensis v. Hakozaki 42.3 53.5

A .tokioensis v. Akizuki 27.1

A . agrestis v.Homan 22.9

M. hilgendorfi 16.9 0.5 1.6

M vesiculata 1.9 32.7 3.2

M..vesiculata v. Sefuri 42.4 6.2 1.4

Total of degraded morph 100 100 0 30.5 65.4 77.1 57.7 83.2 65.8 57.7 44.1 98.4 89.8 100 100 100

“hilgendorfi” 1.7 0.9 8.5 9.6 3.2 1.9 7.7 14.1 34.9 24.5 24 28.3 22.6

“agrestis” 76.9 2.7 2.4 2.5 1.3 14.6 41.3 0.7 16 11.7 32.1

“irregularis” 15.4 80 5.1 8.4 21.3 19.2 26.4 23 26.9 1.9 3.2 33.3 30 45 22.6

“nothing” (A. koreanus?) 7.7 20 23.7 56.1 44.1 28.8 30.4 13 21.8 13.6 19 27.2 30 13.3 22.6

“aokii” 0.5 20.8 25.5 4.1 1.7

Table 2-1 Poly morph frequeancy in M. hilgendorfi /A. tokioensis

Total number of matured worm of M. hilgendorfi/A.tokioensis

Percentage to Total number (%)

Percentage of Complete morph

M. hilgendorfi /A. tokioensis

Fig. 1 Amynthas tokioensis (Beddard, 1892). Ventral view of spermathecal pore. B. Ventral view of male pore. C. Spermathecal pore. (The Ampulla in 6/7 has come off from the duct.). D. Prostatic gonad and duct. E. Caeca

Amynthas tokioensis

Fig. 2 Amynthas vittatus (Goto & Hatai 1898) Ventral view of spermathecal pore. (A’. Twice close-up of right spermathecal pore in 7/8th segment) B. Ventral view of male pore. (B’. Twice close-up of right male pore). C. Spermathecal pore. D. Prostatic gonad and duct. E. Caeca

Amynthas vittatus

Fig. 3 Amynthas tokioensis v. Akizuki : A. Ventral view of spermathecal pore. B. Ventral view of male pore. C. Spermathecal pore. D. Prostatic gonad and duct. E. caeca.

Amynthas tokioensis v. Akizuki

Fig. 4 Amynthas tokioensis v. Hakozaki. A. Ventral view of spermathecal pore. B. Ventral view of male pore. C. spermathecal pore. D. Prostatic gonad and duct. E. Caeca.

Amynthas tokioensis v. Hakozaki

Fig. 5 Amynthas tokioensis v. Munakara : A. external view of spermathecal pore. B. external view of male pore. C. Spermathecal pore. D. Prostatic gonad and duct. E. caeca

Amynthas tokioensis v. Munakata

Fig.6 Amynthas tokioensis v. Homan : A. Ventral view of spermathecal pore. B. Ventral view of male pore. C. Spermathecal pore. D. Prostatic gonad and duct. E. Caec

Amynthas tokioensis v. Homan

Fig. 7 Metaphire hilgendorfi (Michaelsen, 1892): A. Ventral view of spermathecal pore. B. Ventral view of male pore. (B’. Twice close-up of right male pore and the circumference.). C. Spermathecal pore. D. Prostatic gonad and duct. E. Caeca

Metaphire hilgendorfi

Fig. 8 Metaphire vesiculata (Goto & Hatai, 1899): A. Ventral view of spermathecal pore. B. Ventral view of male pore. C. Spermathecal pore. (The diverticulum in 7/8 has come off from the duct.). D. Prostatic gonad and duct. E. Caeca.

Metaphire vesiculata

Fig. 9 Metaphire vesiculata v. Sefuri A. Ventral view of spermathecal pore. B. Ventral view of male pore. (B’. Twice close-up of right male pore). C. Spermathecal pore. (The diverticulum in 7/8 has come off from the duct.). D. Prostatic gonad and duct. E. Caeca.

Metaphire vesiculata v. Sefuri

Male pores Genital markingMp circumferenceapartSuperficial One or two small G M near SP on 7, 8 and0.35 – 0.41Superficial three or four papillae linearly on 7 and 8,0.38 – 0.42 And on setal line and along disc on 18.

Amynthastokioensis

Large Disc One small GM on mid ventral of 7 and/or 8in some individual. Two genital papillaealong Male disc.

 v. Hakozaki 0.32 –0.37 Amynthas Small disc One small GM on mid of 7th. 1-3 GM along V. Munakata 0.35 – 0.40 Amynthas  Superficial Two pair of GM on 8. Two pair on pre and

another two pair post of the setal arcs ofsegment 18. (4 pair in total)

tokioensis v. 0.38Superficial One pair of GM on 7, 8, 2-3 GM near Male

pore on 18. No “dark patches or stripes”0.336/7/8 twopair

copulatory pouches?

central patches on mid ventral of 8, and on18.

0.47 0.46/7/8 twopair

copulatory pouches GM nothing

0.44 0.316/7/8 twopair

Mp. in hollow One-three GM paired near SP

0.42 – 0.5 0.38 – 0.5 Two GM in hollow near male pore.

Metaphirevesiculata v.Sefuri

Manicate

Metaphirevesiculata

Manicate

Metaphirehilgendorfi

Manicate

Amynthasagrestis v.Homan

Manicate 5/6/7/8 three pair

0.45

Manicate 6/7/8 two pair

0.44

Manicate 6/7/8 two pair0.44 – 0.5

Manicate 6/7/8 two pair

0.40 – 0.43

Amynthasvittatus

Manicate 6/7/8 two pair0.40 – 0.49

Amynthastokioensis  

Manicate 6/7/8 two pair0.42 – 0.48

　 Species Caeca

Sp.poresSp.circumferenceapart

Distribution map of each complete taxa belonging to species complex

Thick white line: Amynthas tokioensis. Thin white line: Amynthas vittatus, Thick yellow line: Amynthas tokioensis v. Hakozaki, Thin yellow line: Amynthas tokioensis v. Munakata, Thick red line: Metaphire hilgendorfi and Metaphire hilgendorfi v. Sefuri, Thin red line: Metaphire vesiculata. Thick pink line: Amynthas tokioensis v. Homan, Thick pink line: Amynthas tokioensis v. Akizuki, Blue thick dot line: Metaphire pseudovittatus.

Key to the genera of the Pheretima-complex of species1 Body depressed, setae crowded ventrally PlanapheretimaBody cylindrical, setae evenly distributed. 22 Intestinal caecum(a) absent 3Intestinal caecum(a) present 53 Oesophageal pouches present. Ephemitragen. nov.Oesophageal pouches absent. 44 Clitellum begins on segment xiii. ArchipheretimaClitellum begins on segment xiv. Metapheretima5(2) Intestinal caecum(a), origin at or near segment xxii Pithemeragen. nov.Intestinal caeca, origin at or near segment xxvii. 66 Copulatory pouches absent AmynthasCopulatory pouches present. 77 Nephridia on spermathecal ducts. Pheretima s.s.Nephridia absent from spermathecal ducts. Metaphire nov.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Partial revision of Sims and Easton 's Key to the genera of the Pheretima-complex may be as follow, 6       Nephridia on spermathecal ducts. Pheretima s.s Nephridia absent from spermathecal ducts 77 　　　 prostatic duct U shape and muscular. The terminal of duct is connected directly with parietal

　　　　 Amynthas prostatic duct not U shape 88 Prostatic duct not U shape and not muscular, Prostatic duct not U and not muscular.

The duct is ended to pad on parieted Metaphire The duct is ended to pad on parieted Metaphire The duct is not ???????The duct is not ??????? ????????????????? 9 ????????????????? 99 The duct is ---------- ?????--------- ????? XX9 The duct is ---------- ?????--------- ????? XX ???????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? 　　 　　 1010