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M-Area Chemical Oxidation (MACO) Demonstration Project

P. Casey KnappMACO Project LeadArea Closure ProjectsSavannah River Nuclear Solutions, LLC

February 9, 2010

A Presentation to theFacilities Disposition and Site Remediation Committee

Savannah River SiteCitizens Advisory Board

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Purpose

• To provide the Facilities Disposition and Site Remediation Committee a description and preliminary results of the M-Area Chemical Oxidation Project

• This is an ARRA funded demonstration - through the first Quarter of Fiscal Year 2010, $750,000 has been spent (includes site preparation through deployment and initial monitoring)

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Acronyms• ARRA American Recovery and Reinvestment Act• BU Upper Screen Zone for demonstration wells• BL Lower Screen Zone for demonstration wells• HAZMAT Hazardous materials • IDW Investigation Derived Waste• ISCO In-Situ Chemical Oxidation • LLC Limited Liability Corporation• MACO M-Area Chemical Oxidation• mg/L Milligrams per liter• msl Mean sea level• NaOH Sodium hydroxide • Na2S2O8 Sodium persulfate • PCE Tetrachloroethylene• RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act • SREL Savannah River Ecology Lab• SRS Savannah River Site• SRSOC Savannah River Site Operations Center • TCE Trichloroethylene• ug/L Micrograms per liter

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MACO Demo Project• M-Area Groundwater Operable Unit Resource

Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Source Area• Demonstration of In-situ Chemical Oxidation

Technology• Catalyzed sodium persulfate – chemical oxidant

– Known for its effectiveness for dissolved phase solvents such as Tetrachloroethylene (PCE) and Trichloroethylene (TCE)

– The oxidant provides electrons to convert toxic solvents into non-toxic compounds (i.e., carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride, etc.)

Site Location

MACO Demo Project M-AreaPlume

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Par Pond

L Lake

Cre

ek

Bran

ch

Four

mile

Upper

Runs

Tim

’s

Run

s

South Carolina

Tinker

S a v a n n a h

R i v e r

Stee

l

Pen

Bran

chThree

Bra

nch

Creek

Lower

Thre

e

Cree

k

M Area

Georgia

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MACO Demo Project

• Project Site

• M-Area PCE / TCE contamination plume

• Southeast of A-14 Outfall Source Area

Lost LakeAquifer Zone

Lost LakeAquifer Zone

Vadose ZoneVadose Zone

350

300

250

200

150

Green Clay Confining Zone

Green Clay Confining Zone

M Area Aquifer ZoneM Area Aquifer Zone

ft / msl

MSB-31 MOP-3 MIP-1C MOP-1 MOP-2 SSM19

A-014 Outfall Source Area

High Concentration ZoneHigh Concentration Zone

600’ 25’ 15’ 10’ 70’

NNOT TO SCALE

Injection Well

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MACO Demo Project• Installation of three monitoring wells and one injection

well• Contract between Savannah River Ecology Lab (SREL)

and Redox-Tech, LLC• Redox-Tech, LLC - vendor selected based on previous

expertise and experience– In-Situ Chemical Oxidation (ISCO) a primary scope of services

offered by vendor– Catalyzed sodium persulfate – many successful deployments of

this ISCO technique in the commercial arena– Offices in Cary, North Carolina and Aiken, South Carolina

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MACO Demo Project

• Injected 4,800 gallons of catalyzed sodium persulfate solution into the subsurface

• Batch injections – Approximately 450 gallons of water– 990 pounds of sodium persulfate (Na2S2O8 - a solid)– Approximately 20 gallons of 25 percent sodium hydroxide

(NaOH) solution-catalyst

• Average injection rate = 3 gallons per minute

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MACO Demo Project• Site layout sketch

– Injection Well– Monitoring Wells– Chemical Storage– Injection Trailer– Eye Wash Station– Investigation Derived

Waste (IDW) Storage– Exclusion Zones

SSM 019D

SSM 019BSSM 019C

MOP 002BUMOP 002BL

MOP 001CMOP 001BU

MIP 001C

MOP 003BUContainment Dike

NaOH DrumContainment

Injection Trailer

IDW Storage

Access Road

MACO Demo Sign

Eye Wash Stations

M Area - MACO Demonstration Site Layout

Portable Toilet

Sodium Persulfate Temporary

Pallet Storage

Primary Exclusion Zone

Secondary Exclusion Zone

Water Truck

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Core Sampling Core Extraction

Well Drilling Core Logging-11-

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Overall Site Layout

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Water Truck and Injection Trailer / Crew-13-

-14-550-Gallon Mixing Tank

ACP-FY10-015-14-14-

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MACO Demo Project

Fork Lift assisted addition of solid sodium persulfate to mixing tank

PalletNa2S2O8Na2S2O8

Na2S2O8

Fork Lift

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Injection Well Head Fitting

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MACO Demo Project• Safety precautions

– Containment structure (dike) with 2,300 gallons of capacity– Multiple Eye-Wash Stations with face dousers– Maintenance assistance with make-up water, fork-lift operations,

air compressor, and chemical delivery to site– Hydrostatic pressure test of injection rig– In-service leak test with clean water

• Spill protection and mitigation– Containment structure– Drum containment – lockable clam shell– Spill kit (absorbent booms, pillows, and granular absorbent-

compatible)– ER-ERP-001 – Emergency Procedures (Spill Response)– Prior notification of Hazardous Materials Spill Response Team

(HAZMAT) and Savannah River Site Operations Center (SRSOC)– Freeze protection for pumps

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SREL Monitoring Well Sampling

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Preliminary Monitoring

Results

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MOP 1C

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

12/08/09 12/13/09 12/18/09 12/23/09 12/28/09 01/02/10 01/07/10 01/12/10 01/17/10

Sample Date

TCE

(mg/

L)

Persulfate Injection Ends12/21/2009

Persulfate Injection Ends12/21/2009

Persulfate Injection Begins12/10/2009

Persulfate Injection Begins12/10/2009

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0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

12/10/2009 12/15/2009 12/20/2009 12/25/2009 12/30/2009 1/4/2010 1/9/2010

Sample Date

TCE

(mg/

L)

Preliminary Monitoring

Results

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MOP 1BU

Persulfate Injection Ends12/21/2009

Persulfate Injection Ends12/21/2009

Persulfate Injection Begins12/10/2009

Persulfate Injection Begins12/10/2009

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Summary / Path Forward• Attention to safety resulted in all work performed

safely - no incidents• Injections were completed within a two-week period• Initial monitoring results show success in the

destruction of PCE and TCE• Groundwater monitoring will continue for several

months to measure the effectiveness of the demonstration