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![Page 1: M. Adorni, F. Arcelli, D. Ardagna, L. Baresi, C. Batini, C. Cappiello, M. Comerio, M. Comuzzi, F. De Paoli, C. Francalanci, S.Grega, P. Losi, A.Maurino,](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062517/56649f055503460f94c1a979/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
M. Adorni, F. Arcelli, D. Ardagna, L. Baresi, C. Batini, C. Cappiello, M. Comerio, M. Comuzzi, F. De Paoli, C. Francalanci, S.Grega, P. Losi, A.Maurino, S. Modafferi, B.
Pernici, C. Raibulet, F. Tisato
The MAIS approach to web service designThe MAIS approach to web service design
Porto 13 June 2005
Andrea MaurinoAndrea Maurino
Università di Milano BicoccaUniversità di Milano Bicocca
[email protected]@disco.unimib.it
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2The MAIS approach to web service design
OutlineOutline
The MAIS Project
The MAIS Methodological Framework • General view
Service Specification and Compatibility Analysis Broker-Provider Negotiation and Dynamic Evaluation of
Management Costs Process Partitioning Optimal Service Selection and Quality Renegotiation Implementation Guidelines for a QoS-Oriented Reflective
Architecture
Conclusions and future work
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4The MAIS approach to web service design
The MAIS ProjectThe MAIS Project
Develop methods, models, and architectures for multichannel adaptive information systems
Multichannel• Service provisioning: web, e-mail, sms, client-server
• Mobile information systems
Heterogeneity, dynamic evolution of channels• Device characteristics
• Network connections
Adaptation to context• User model
• Service provisioning
• Channel of invocation, QoS
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5The MAIS approach to web service design
Research focResearch focusus
Adaptive orchestration of e-services Reflexive architecture for context-aware services Design of web Services with QoS
Adaptive networks Low power consumption processors
Methods and tools for multichannel interface design and integration
Application areas: e-learning, tourism, emergency teams
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7The MAIS approach to web service design
The MAIS methodological frameworkThe MAIS methodological framework
4 Methodological steps
Requirements Analysis
• elicit, validate and negotiate web service requirements
• Multichannel, QoS
Design
• model services with MAIS-UML
Deploy
• Network infrastructure
Run time
• adaptive and context-aware use of web services
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8The MAIS approach to web service design
FrameworkFramework
Analysis
Design
Deployment
Runtime
Service specification and compatibility analysis
Broker-provider negotiation and dynamic evaluation of management costs
Process Partitioning
Optimal service selection and quality renegotiation
Broker-provider negotiation and dynamic evaluation of management costs
Input/output
Interdependence
Domain Req.QoS Req.User Req.Actual ServicesArchitectural Req. UML Diagrams
QoS Req.User Req.PriceArchitectural Req.Budget
Architectural Configuration
Domain and QoS Req.Global/Local ConstraintsPriceMAIS-Registry
Process Description
![Page 7: M. Adorni, F. Arcelli, D. Ardagna, L. Baresi, C. Batini, C. Cappiello, M. Comerio, M. Comuzzi, F. De Paoli, C. Francalanci, S.Grega, P. Losi, A.Maurino,](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062517/56649f055503460f94c1a979/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
9The MAIS approach to web service design
Service Specification and compatibility analysisService Specification and compatibility analysis
Analysis, (re)-design of web service
• Use of MAIS QoS, Services and Channel Ontology
3 sub-phases:
functional service modelling,
• Model requirements thanks UML
• Logical and operational structure of Web Services
high-level redesign
• Augment existing schema with QoS dimension (from the MAIS QoS ontology)
• Modelled with MAIS-UML profile
• Metrics QoS dimensions have a (Bk)) quality level
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10The MAIS approach to web service design
Service Specification and compatibility analysisService Specification and compatibility analysis
Context adaptation
• Verification of quality values of QoS requirements and Quality thresholds
Comparison between Bk of each QoS and ideal level
request by user
QoS tree
Simple Additive Weighting technique
• Weights and composition rules to each node
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11The MAIS approach to web service design
Process PartitioningProcess Partitioning
New deployment strategies for MobIS Goals:
• improve the independency among actors
• Reduce interaction and knowledge sharing
Solution: decompose a unique process into a set of sub process• Automatic partitioning rules
• Based on graph transformation systems
Input: MAIS-UML (translated into MAIS-BPEL), network topology
Output: set of MAIS-BPEL Some formal and empirical result on the correct
behaviour of sub process
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12The MAIS approach to web service design
Optimal Service Selection and Quality RenegotiationOptimal Service Selection and Quality Renegotiation
Goal: select from registry a set of services • functional equivalent service
Optimization problem with two difference approach Select at run time the best candidate service which supports
the execution of a running high level activity. (local level)• Service can be selected if its price is lower than a given threshold
Identiy the set of candidate services which satisfy end-user preferences for an entire application (global level)• the total price has to be less than 2$.
Service composition with QoS modelled as a mixed integer linear programming problem • NP-hard !!! Multiple Choice Multiple Dimension Knapsack problem
• We use CPLEX, a state of the art commercial solver, which implements a branch and cut technique
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13The MAIS approach to web service design
Broker-Provider Negotiation and Dynamic Evaluation of Broker-Provider Negotiation and Dynamic Evaluation of Management CostsManagement Costs
Broker between provider and users Conflicting Goals
• Maximize the satisfaction of user requirements
• Achieve maximum possible returns from its brokering role
Broker is paid each time a service is supplied by user Broker can increase the QoS offered by provider Preliminary phase
• set the value of a triple <pij,percij,qij>
• pij :price paid by the user for the service,
• percij :is the percentage on the price due by the service
provider to the broker (0 and 1)
• qij is the aggregate value of QoS offered to user (0 ≤ qi j≤ 1).
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14The MAIS approach to web service design
Broker-Provider Negotiation and Dynamic Evaluation of Broker-Provider Negotiation and Dynamic Evaluation of Management CostsManagement Costs
Negotiation processes is realized by means of • Negotiation Protocol:
• bilateral bargaining protocol;
• Negotiation Objectives: • typical multiattribute problem: negotiation of a triple of attributes
• Decision Model: • trade-off based strategy
Utility function V • evaluate how much an offer is worth to a participant
Increase QoS level an extra cost c*(qij),
• provide the service to the customer at a higher price p*(qij)
Modify selection of web services in case of cooperative process
Even in the design phase
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15The MAIS approach to web service design
Implementation Guidelines for a QoS-Oriented Reflective Implementation Guidelines for a QoS-Oriented Reflective ArchitectureArchitecture
Architectural reflection introduces a reflective layer
• applications can observe and control at execution time non-functional features of the system components,
• supporting adaptability.
A reflective layer is causally connected to the physical layer.
Components and QoS cannot be defied in absolute way
• domain-dependent QoS like “low”, “medium”, “high”
Definition of QoS extension pattern
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16The MAIS approach to web service design
Implementation Guidelines for a QoS-Oriented Reflective Implementation Guidelines for a QoS-Oriented Reflective ArchitectureArchitecture
R_Object
getQoS()setQoS()
QoSQuantitativeQoSQualitative
QoS
name : StringunitOfMeasure : String
QoSValue
QoSValueSet
1
1
1
1
1
1..*
1
1..*
1
1
+actualValue
1
1R_ElementalR_Aggregate 1 0..*1 0..*
QoSStrategy
mapUp()mapDown()
1
1
1
1
R_Object expose measurable QoS values
• Controlled/observed
• Model high-level/domain-dependent abstraction
R_aggregate casually connected to QoSStrategy to set of QoS
QoSStrategy
• How QoS is obtained/mapped
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17The MAIS approach to web service design
ConclusionConclusion
Propose of a methodological framework
• From Analysis to run time execution
• Fusion of several contributions
Future works
Evolution of each component according to the specific research problem
Extension of our proposal to include MAIS results for the front-end
• Integration
• Validation