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Lund University LibrariesHead Office
Collection Management & Development and End User
Access: Managing the transition from Print to Digital – Towards the Hybrid Library and Beyond
Temamöte: Samlingsutvikling i digitale tider, Oslo Universitets
Bibliotek,
Lars Björnshauge, Lunds Universitets Bibliotek
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Outline of presentation
The new Decentral Library StructureCollection Development & Management - before & nowThe Hybrid Library and beyondOrganizing end user access
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Lund University
Founded in 1666, located in the southernmost province of Sweden, ScaniaAmong the oldest and largest in ScandinaviaCampus at several locations: Lund (main campus), Malmo, Helsingborg and moreMultidisciplinary: 7 faculties + several research centres+35,000 students, +3,000 doctoral students, +6,000 employees
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Library Structure before the changes
University Library, central (main) library, UB1 and UB2
Cultural heritage collections, legal deposit Library services for the faculties based on contracts
+/- 90 department librariesfunded and operated by faculties/departmentshuge differences in service levels
University Librarian and Library Board had only authority over University Library, but not over department libraries
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
The Drivers for change: Specific
Dissatisfaction espressed by faculty leaders (deans etc.) towards the central library services and the (lack of) development of digital library servicesWidespread development of decentral (faculty/departemental) library servicesDemands for more up-to-date and cost efficient library services and for university wide solutions.
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Primary goals of a New Library structure
Implementation of minimum service levels (standards) for librariesDevelopment of digital library servicesCost efficiency & transparencyFocus on the needs of students
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Important features of a new structure
Establishing the library structure as a network of libraries.Faculties, departments & research centers operate and fund libraries in their specific area.The University as such funds the Head Office and the University Library (central funding)
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
The new structure
Lund University Libraries as a network of libraries
+/-25 Faculty or Department librariesUniversity Library: Cultural heritage, special collections and deposits Library Head Office: management and coordination of the network of libraries, development of the digital library
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Faculty and Departemental Libraries
Provides the basic library services to researchers, teachers and students Are operated and funded by faculties, departments and centersStandards apply for libraries….
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Standards for Faculty or Department Libraries in the
NetworkAll relevant library services avialableOpening hours (min. 36 hours)Collections are catalogued in the OPACLibrary educated staff (min. 3,0 FTE)Adequate work facilities for studentsOwn (Faculty/Department) Library CouncilOwn budget (staff, acquistions etc.)Own web-site
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Centrally funded units
Library Head OfficeManagement, infrastructure, digital library services and development
University Library:Cultural heritage, special collections, Swedish imprints, deposits and services generated from these collections
(central funds are deducted from the funding that goes to the faculties – taxing!)
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
The Library Head Office
is the unit for management and coordination of the new network of libraries, operates the library automation system &operates and develops digital library services, runs competence development programs Library IT-development projects35 FTE (whereof 20 FTE centrally funded)
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Division of responsibilities
A Library Board: policymaking, standards etc.A Library Council (heads of faculty/ department libraries): advicing the Director of LibrariesThe Director of Libraries: responsible for the library services in generalLibrary Head Office – executive unit: infrastructure & coordination
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
The outcomes so far
Increased commitment from the faculties to library issuesAway from the customer-supplier relation between faculties and libary management. Faculties are library operaters themselves!Library Services are on the agenda everywhere
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Specific problems in the reorganization process
Such a reorganization generates a number of issues to deal with:
downsizing university library operations creates stress and tensionsreallocation of staff (+40 FTE staff have been reallocated) competence development in high demand reallocation of funds
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Specific issues in a decentralized environment
faculty/department libraries want an independent profile and specific visibility – autonomy!the funders want efficiency!common guidelines, standards and rules (decided by the Library Board) are needed – however these can only be implemented if they are born in a climate of debate, consultation, involvement and negotiation
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Areas where problems have been encounteredLibrary Web-sites:
how much autonomy in design, layout and presentation?
Classification, subject presentation:General library services to replace manually maintained journal lists, subject gateways etc.
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Collection development & management before the
reorganizationLack of coordinationEach unit took care of collection management based on their own specific needsThis might work in a non-digital environmentBut: in an emerging digital environment there is a strong need for coordination
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Problems in the old structure – acquisition of
monographsAcquisition of monographs:
to a large extent outsourced from the faculties to the subject librarians at the university library(ies)Missing links between the needs of the users (and funders!) and the actual acquisitionsFaculties building own collections to compensate the lack of adequate collection development
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Problems in the old structure – subscription to
databasesInsufficient central funding for general resources (i.e. encyclopedias, reference works, multidisciplinary databases etc.)Lots of different funding models for databases:
One faculty, two faculties, three or more faculties
No clear policy as to accessMakes life difficult for end users!
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Problems in the old structure – subscription to
journalsVery few agreements with publishers (package deals) – different funding models here as wellHundreds of
Dubble/triple etc. subscriptionsBundled subscriptions – but electronic access not activated or only activated for the subscribing unitUncontrollabels
Several subscription agents operating
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Problems in the old structure – summary
Lack of overview of spendingUnsufficient funding for general resourcesNo explicit policy for access
Department, faculty or campus wide
Lack of decision making information as to the potential benefits of package deals
But:Room for improvements!!
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Collection Development & Management in the new
structureGoals, Principles & PoliciesAcquisition of monographs and course material (print)Digital library resources (databases, journal package agreements, e-books etc.)
Subscriptions to databasesSubscriptions to journalsAdministration of journal subscriptions
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Goals:
Promote end user influence by involving library committees and faculty/department librarians (subject specialists)Value for money - Create synergy – 1+1=3 - Much more for a little bit more!Facilitate remote accessReduce duplicates & uncontrollabelsReduce handling costs
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Principles & Policies
Digital resources are general resources – thus central funding should applyUniversity wide accessJournals: electronic versions where possiblePromote Open Access resources and university based publishing
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
The primary challenge:
Managing the transition from printed to digital information Handling the reallocation of funds
How to convince the faculties that more central funding (taxing!) should go to general digital library resources
The answers:Faculties have influence on the selectionTransparency in fundingEasier access to more information resources
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Collection Development & Management
Responsibilities of the Head OfficeResponsibilities of Faculty & Department LibrariesInvolvement, Negotiation and Selection
Library Councils (Faculty/Department level)Committee for Digital Resources
Funding
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Acquisition of monographs and course
materialResponsibility of the faculty/department libraries.Paid by faculties/departments.Decided by the library councils at faculties/departments (end user involvement)Handled by the faculty/department libraries
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Digital library resources (databases, journal package agreements, e-books etc.)
Decision making/selection:Responsibility of the Committee for Digital Resources (1 member appointed by each faculty)
Funding:centrally
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Subscription to databases:
Selected and decided by the Committee for Digital Resources Centrally funded. Managed by the Head Office: supplier contacts, access management, authorization, payments, local help desk etc.
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Subscription to journals:
Electronic subscriptions are the rule as a matter of policyElectronic journals in package deals are subject to central fundingSubscription to printed journals are paid by the faculty/department
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Administration of journal subscriptions:
The Head Office takes care of: management, administration, communication with subscription agent, payments etc. Activating electronic access to bundled subscriptions are handled by the Head Office
Faculty/department libraries takes care of print journals:
Issue handling and claims
1 (one) Subscription Agent (mandatory)
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
The outcomes so far:Huge increase:
in central funding for digital resourcesin subscriptions to electronic journals
Considerable reductions in print subscriptions, duplicates and uncontrollabels Increased commitment from the faculties for the (digital) library services
Increased awareness as to problems in scholarly publishing and of the importance of Open Access
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Central funding for digital library resources
2001 400,000 Euro2002 1,500,000 Euro2003 1,900,000 Euro2004 2,000,000 Euro
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
There are problems here as well
Selecting digital resources:Making prioritiesThere are limits for central funding
So far the big deals have got priority
But the era of the big deals is running out – what then??
E-books are coming in
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Journal packagesACMAmerican Chemical SocietyAmerican Institute of PhysicsAnnual ReviewsASCEASMEB.E. journals in Economic Analysis & PolicyB.E. Journals in MacroeconomicsBioOneBlackwell Synergy HHS+STMCambridge University PressCell PressFinancial TimesHarcourt Health SciencesInstitute of Physics
JSTORKargerKluwerMCB EmeraldNature Academic JournalsOxford OnlineProject MusePsycArticlesSageScience DirectScience Online STKESpringerTelfordIEEE/IEE Electronic Library Online
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Changing the organizational setup
Integration of collection development and access strategies Re-engineering internal & external processesReallocating resources
from selecting & processing print to handling digital resources
Reallocating staff
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Staffing – Human Resources
Developing competencies – new staff mixWorking with attitudes & cultures
Selectors and cataloguersLicensees, negotiators, metadata experts, software engineersThe need to understand the technology that underpins the information products and the industry cannot be overemphasized Facilitate the path of the end user
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
and there is more… Beyond Library Services
Changes in the proximity of academic libraries:
Changes in how research is conducted, communicated etc.Changes in teaching & learningMore focus on evaluation, performance, outcomes and competition
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
”New” land??
Technology & portability of content provide new opportunities Integration of content & services in the core processes – research, teaching & learningCollaboration:
new services developed in collaboration with researchers, teachers & students
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
The ”new” areas for supporting core
university processesCommunication technologies and digital content offer new opportunities for:
Supporting researchSupporting teaching & learningSupporting institutional knowledge management
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Supporting research
Disseminating research outputOAI-MHP
Archiving research outputE-Print, Dspace etc
Research Evaluation support:Bibliometrics, Bibliomining (prof. Wormell)
Marketing the department, the universityFacilitating changes in Scholarly Communication
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Scholarly Communication
Working with the universityresearcherseditors & refereeslearned societies
Engage in and provide electronic publishing opportunities
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December 2003 Lars Björnshaugehttp://lu-research.lub.lu.se/
Institutional repository
LU res
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
ScieComSRCwww.sciecom.org
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
www.doaj.org http://www.doaj.org/
DOAJ is hosted by:
DOAJ is supported by:
Open Society Institute
SPARC
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Supporting teaching & learning
The changes in educational processes & technologies
Problem based learningDistributed, distance & e-learningICT-based learningManaged Learning Environments
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Supporting teaching & learning
Information literacyIntegration of LIS in Managed Learning EnvironmentsDeveloping tools to facilitate cooperation/collaboration betw. teachers & librariansContribute to development of teaching & learning
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Supporting information infra-structure & knowledge
managementOperating IT-network & support
Developing modern IT-environments
Developing & operating university web-servicesOrganizing, archiving and disseminating information about the university, its research, education etc.
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Strategic issues for libraries –
the agenda for the near futureReorganization/Reallocation
Staff competenciesCooperation & collaborationScholarly CommunicationDependence – Independence
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Requirements
Management:Re-organizationRe-allocationRe-orientation
Staff QualificationsTechnology literacy (prof. Varis!)
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Additional skills requiredMeeting new challenges with new skills:
good pedagogic skillspractical knowledge of computingUnderstanding:
technologies and the potential in these digital information products, the legal issues etc.impact of technologies on research, teaching & learningusers (especially the new generation of users)
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Staff competencies in support of teaching &
learningServing distance learning (teachers & students) requires technical competence More focus on pedagogical credentials.Understanding of the learning process important as well
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Cooperation/collaboration
Where to put the focus?Working with
libraries, the library communitythe publishing/information industry the universitythe research communitiesthe educational communities
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Scholarly communication
Initiate, support and engage in new activities in scholarly communication:
Intellectual Property Rights issuesLow barrier technologiesInstitutional RepositoriesOpen Access publishing
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Dependence/Independence
Portals, Linking Applications etc.: All our eggs in the basket of the industry??
Targetting the end users The industri will potentially bypass the brokers and traditional intermediariesInducing market economy at the level of individual user (after the Big Deals??)
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Transformation of the roles of the library
From collection building & management
to facilitation of research, teaching & learning by
changing our workflows adapting technologies, integrating information resources,developing new services,building stronger relations to researchers & teacherssupporting changes in scholarly communication
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Organizing end user access
The problems:Numerous databases and journal providers – numerous interfacesSeveral thousand e-journals difficult to find (Especially in a decentralised library system)Portals provided by subscription agents and journals publishers are not invented primarily to accomodate end user needs but more to generate their business.
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
New challenges for libraries
• Publishers plan to disintermediate libraries
• Publishers want to control user behaviour
• Publishers want users to be dependent on their own brands
• Researchers want access to information without intermediaries
• Libraries run the risk of being regarded only as passive links in the information chain
Do we need libraries?
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Branding
End users exposed to publishers and aggregators
the publisher traplibrary bypassindividualization
”Free on the internet”Who pays??Gaining control??
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Springer
ElsevierWiley
Ebsco
KluwerMC
B
Publisher trap?A publishercentric vision
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Finding information
Library branding very importantusers often believe that full-text e-journals are free on the Internet!users should understand that they are using the library´s services and resourcesWe want to brand our services and promote Open Access resources
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Integration
Too many different servicesToo many different interfacesToo much redundancy/overlapHow to promote/integrate Open Access material?Portals, Linking Software Adapting commercial software or develop applications ourselves
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Personalization
The need for taylored library & information services
Towards the one stop shop even for TOC-alerts, SDI-alerts, MyLibrary etc.
Fitting in with the research & educational processes
Courseware – Managed Learning EnvironmentsReference management, CV`s etc.
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
User Training
Numerous interfacesInformation literacy
Fighting existing habits, the Google-syndrome
On-line tutorialsIn the digital library environment: more user training than ever
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Organising end user access
The goals:Integration of all servicesDevelopment of personalized servicesBranding of library services
Principles:Single sign on – automatic authentification – one login/password to all resourcesRemote access
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Integration of Library Services – Towards the one stop shop
OPAC –printed collectionsDatabases, encyclopedias, reference worksElectronic journals Open access resources
JournalsE- & preprint archives, institutional repositoriesSubject gateways – recommended quality web resources
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Our answer to the demand for the one stop
shop
ELIN@ - a library developed
interface to hybrid library resources
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Librarians are navigation experts
We can offer efficient and user-friendly navigation tools, alias search interfaces
ELIN@ integrates data from publishers, databases, Open Archives with quality web resources, the local OPAC and document delivery services
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
ELIN@ - Electronic Library Information Navigator
Advantages for end users:One interface for all content Cross search documents from multiple sources – free or licensed Document delivery services for documents not available in Full Text ToC alerts and SDI´sIntegration with reference management tools
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
ELIN@ - Electronic Library Information
NavigatorAdvantages for librarians:
Enhancing availability and visibility of scientific
literature
Increasing e-journal cost efficiency – Usage is
boosting
Administrative functions/Management tools:
• Customization, Statistics, Collection
Management, Budgeting, Marketing
• Subscription administration functionalities
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Personalization in ELIN@
TOC-alerts SDI-alerts from databases, journals etc.”My Library”
Recommended resources – selected by subject librariansAdd your personal favourites
Users register at one site for all alerts
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
ELIN@ - Electronic Library Information Navigator
Contents (November 2003)+14,000 journals, whereof+7,500 journals with metadata (cross searchable on article level)+12,000,000 recordsE-print archives,Databases
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
INTEGRATE - make Open Access and niche journals visible in a general portal –
ELIN@
Search services and pages library branded
The initiative back to the library
Increases the library´s visibility on campus
A product neutral presentation of resourcesPublishers + Open Archives + Open Access
Journals
Customization – As simple as Google!
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
Basic Search
Simple Searc
h
Advanced search
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
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December 2003 Lars Björnshauge
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