Lunar Motion & Eclipses. Lunar Phases Caused by Moon’s changing position around the Earth See dif.…
Lunar Phases, Eclipses and Seasons Physics 102 Goderya Astronomy.
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Transcript of Lunar Phases, Eclipses and Seasons Physics 102 Goderya Astronomy.
![Page 1: Lunar Phases, Eclipses and Seasons Physics 102 Goderya Astronomy.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649ebe5503460f94bc8d0c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Lunar Phases, Eclipses and Seasons
Physics 102 Goderya
Astronomy
![Page 2: Lunar Phases, Eclipses and Seasons Physics 102 Goderya Astronomy.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649ebe5503460f94bc8d0c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Phases of the MoonFrom Earth, we see different portions of the Moon’s surface lit by the sun, causing the phases of the Moon.
![Page 3: Lunar Phases, Eclipses and Seasons Physics 102 Goderya Astronomy.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649ebe5503460f94bc8d0c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Lunar EclipsesEarth’s shadow consists of a zone of partial shadow, the Penumbra, and a zone of full shadow, the Umbra.
If the moon passes through Earth’s full shadow (Umbra), we see a lunar eclipse.
If the entire surface of the moon enters the Umbra, the lunar eclipse is total.
![Page 4: Lunar Phases, Eclipses and Seasons Physics 102 Goderya Astronomy.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649ebe5503460f94bc8d0c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
A Total Lunar Eclipse
![Page 5: Lunar Phases, Eclipses and Seasons Physics 102 Goderya Astronomy.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649ebe5503460f94bc8d0c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Why the Red Glow? A total lunar eclipse can last up to 1 hour and 40 min.
During a total eclipse, the moon has a faint, red glow, reflecting sun light scattered in Earth’s atmosphere.
![Page 6: Lunar Phases, Eclipses and Seasons Physics 102 Goderya Astronomy.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649ebe5503460f94bc8d0c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Solar Eclipses
The sun appears approx. as large in the sky (same angular diameter ~ 0.50) as the moon.
When the moon passes in front of the sun, the moon can cover the sun completely, causing a total solar eclipse.
![Page 7: Lunar Phases, Eclipses and Seasons Physics 102 Goderya Astronomy.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649ebe5503460f94bc8d0c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Total Solar Eclipse
Prominences
Chromosphere and Corona
![Page 8: Lunar Phases, Eclipses and Seasons Physics 102 Goderya Astronomy.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649ebe5503460f94bc8d0c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Conditions for Eclipses Eclipses occur in a cyclic pattern.
![Page 9: Lunar Phases, Eclipses and Seasons Physics 102 Goderya Astronomy.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649ebe5503460f94bc8d0c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Temperature & Sun Rays
![Page 10: Lunar Phases, Eclipses and Seasons Physics 102 Goderya Astronomy.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649ebe5503460f94bc8d0c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Cause for Seasons
Earth’s axis of rotation is inclined vs. the normal to its orbital plane by 23.5°, which causes the seasons.
![Page 11: Lunar Phases, Eclipses and Seasons Physics 102 Goderya Astronomy.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649ebe5503460f94bc8d0c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Season Markers
The seasons due to inclination of spin axis
AphelionPerihelion
January 3 July 4
September Equinox
March Equinox
DecemberSolstice
JuneSolstice
![Page 12: Lunar Phases, Eclipses and Seasons Physics 102 Goderya Astronomy.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649ebe5503460f94bc8d0c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Sun Rays & Incidence Angle
They are not related to Earth’s distance from the sun. In fact, Earth is slightly closer to the sun in (northern-hemisphere) winter than in summer.
Light from the sun
Steep incidence → Summer
Shallow incidence → Winter
The Seasons are only caused by a varying angle of incidence of the sun’s rays.
![Page 13: Lunar Phases, Eclipses and Seasons Physics 102 Goderya Astronomy.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649ebe5503460f94bc8d0c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Daylight Hours
Northern summer = southern winter
Northern winter = southern summer
![Page 14: Lunar Phases, Eclipses and Seasons Physics 102 Goderya Astronomy.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649ebe5503460f94bc8d0c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Variation of Daylight hours
![Page 15: Lunar Phases, Eclipses and Seasons Physics 102 Goderya Astronomy.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649ebe5503460f94bc8d0c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Variation of Daylight hours
![Page 16: Lunar Phases, Eclipses and Seasons Physics 102 Goderya Astronomy.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649ebe5503460f94bc8d0c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Common Misconception
Earth’s distance from the sun has only a very minor influence on seasonal temperature
variations.
Sun
Earth in July
Earth in January
Earth’s orbit (eccentricity greatly exaggerated)