aus;Zl;wifv$m

“vl&SifocsdKif;rsm;ta}umif;” trnf&Sd usaemf@.axmifwGif; EdkifiHa&;tusOf;orm;b0 tawG@t}uHK rsm;ta}umif; a&;om;xm;onfh pmtkyftm; pDpOfxkwfa0ay;aom EdkifiHjcm; a&;&maumfrwD/ ArmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&m ausmif;om;or*~rsm;tzGJhcsKyftm; vnf;aumif;/ ,if;pmtkyftwGuf rtm;vyfonfh}um;rS trSmpma&;om; ay;onfh q&mOD;wifhaZmftm; vnf;aumif;/ ,ckpmtkyftwGif;Youfqdkifonfh tcef;u¾rsm;Y ‚if;wdk@. axmiftawGt }uHK rsm;tm; 0ifa&mufulnDa&;om;ay;=uonfh udkom;nGef@OD;/ udkaX;atmif/ udkbkef;jrifhxGef; ESifh udkpnfolxGÉf tm;vnf;aumif;/ pmtkyftm;jyifqifwnf;jzwfay;onfh udkarmifarmifaxG;tm; vnf;aumif;/ pmtkyftwGuf vdktyfonfh yef;csDyHkrsm; a&;qGJonfh udkausmf0if;tm; vnf;aumif;/ rsufESmzHk;'DZdkif;tm; a&;qGJay;onfh udktdrfa'gif;eDtm; vnf;aumif;/ Tpmtkyf a&;om;xkwfa0Edkif&eftwGuf tzufzufrS 0dkif;0ef;ulnDyHhydk;=uolrsm; tm;vHk;tm; aus;Zl; txl;wif&Sdygonf? aevif; (t²u²o) q&m@ Oa,smZOf

1988ckESpf &Spfav;vHk;ta&;awmfyHkumvESifh &Spfav;vHk;udk aoG;acsmif;pD; owfjzwf+zdKcGJ tm%modrf;vdkufaom e0wppftpdk;& qef@usifa&;vSkyf&Sm;rSk wav#mufvHk;wGif tajccH ausmif;om;rsm;or*~/ twdkaumuftm;jzifh tuoonf twufºuGqHk;aom tzG@Jtpnf; jzpfonf?xdk@a=umifhvnf; e0w/ etz ppftpdk;&vufxufY zrf;qD;ESdyfpufjcif;/ ESpf&Snfaxmif '%fcsrSwfjcif;cH&olrsm;xJwGif tuoESifhywfoufolrsm;rSm trsm;tjym;yg0ifaeonf? ausmif;om;or*~rsm;onf jrefrmEdkifiHwGif wuUodkvfausmif;om;rsm;or*~rS pwif ay:aygufcJhjcif; jzpfonf? odk@aomf or*~emrnfudkcHxm;aomfvnf; vlrSK@a&;vkyfief;rsm;/ taysmftyg;tpDpOfrsm;udkom tm&Hkpl;pdkufcJhojzifh 1923ckESpfrS pwifzGJ@pnf;cJhaom &efukef wuUodkvfor*~udk vlrSK@a&;toif;tzGJ@ tjzpfom rSwfwrf;wifxm;=uonf? EdkifiHa&;&nfrSef;csuf&Sdonfh &efukefwuUodkvf ausmif;om;rsm;or*~udk 1931ckESpf wGifpwifzGJ@pnf;cJhonf/ ausmif;om;xkxJwGif or*~onf EdkifiHa&;ESifh yufoufoifh/ roifh jiif;cHkr_ ESpftwef=umjzpfyGm;cJh+yD;rS jAdwdefEdkifiH/ jyifopfEdkifiH/ tdENd,EdkifiHwdk@ yg0ifaomEdkifiH trsm;tjym;&Sd ausmif;om;or*~rsm;udk avhvm+yD;rS ausmif;om;or*~onf EdkifiHa&;ESifh ywf oufzdk@vdktyfonf/ odk@rSom wdkif;jynftusdK;udk aqmif&Gufaom tzGJ@jzpfrnfqdk+yD; wuUodkvf ausmif;om;rsm;or*~ (wuo) Rangoon University Students Union ( RASU ) z@GJpnf;yHkudka&;qGJum ausmif;om;xk tpnf;ta0;rS twnfjyK+yD;rS wuoudkpwif zGJ@pnf;cJhjcif;jzpfonf? 1935-36 ckESpfwGif wuo OuUX udkEkESifh tdk;a0r*~Zif;t,f'Dwm udkatmifqef; wdk@udk wuUodkvf tm%mydkifrsm;u ta&;,lonfh udpPESifh ywfoufI 'kwd, t=udrfajrmuf

ausmif;om;oydwf jzpfyGm;cJhonf? (1920 ckESpf ausmif;om;oydwfudk yxrt=udrf ausmif;om;oydwf[k ac:onf?) 'kwd,t}udrfausmif;om;oydwfwGif oydwfpcef;udk a&$wd*Hkbk&m; tv,fypP,H wpfae &mwGifxm;cJh.? wuUodkvfausmif;om;oydwfjzpfaomfvnf; oydwfpcef;wGif vkyfudkifp&m rsm;udk txufwef;ausmif;om; ausmif;olrsm;uom vma&mufaqmif&Guf=u&onf? txufwef;ausmif;om;rsm;om ryg0ifygu oydwfaumfrwD. vkyfief;aqmifwmrsm; tcufawG@bdk@aocsmonf? oydwfudk vlxkaxmufcHr_&atmif pnf;&Hk;v_H@aqmf&mwGifvnf; txufwef;ausmif;om;rsm;. yg0ifr__ut"du jzpfcJhonf? 'kwd,t}udrfausmif;om;oydwf. tawG@t}uHKudk,l+yD; wpfEdkifiHvHk;wGif txufwef; ausmif;om; or*~rsm;zGJhpnf;zdk@vdktyfonf[k oabmwlqHk;jzwfum txufwef;ausmif;rsm;Y ausmif;om;or*~rsm; zGJ@pnf;=uonf? +Adwdo# tpdk;&uvnf; cGifhjyKxm;cJhonf? 1936-37ckESpfxJwGif txufwef;ausmif;om; or*~rsm;. udk,fpm;vS,frsm; tpnf;a0;udk usif;y+yD; ArmEdkifiHqdkif&mausmif;om;or*~ (Auo)udkpwifzGJ@pnf; vdkuf}uonf? yxrqHk; OuUXtjzpf udkvSarmifudk a&G;aumufwifajrSmuf}uonf? aemufwESpfwGif udkatmifqef; OuUX jzpfvm onf? tzGJcsKyfudk ArmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&mausmif;om;or*~(Auo) All Burma Stu-dents'Union [kac:onf? ausmif;wausmif;csif;tvdkuf/ +rdK@e,for*~/ c&dkifor*~ponfjzifh tqifhqifhzGJ@pnf;onf? or*~emrnfrsm;udk Oyrmtm;jzifh Adkvfwaxmiftxufwef; ausmif; om;rsm;or*~[k ausmif;trnfwyfI ac:jcif;rStpjyK+yD; +rdK@e,ftrnf/ c&dkifwyfI tqifhqifh ac:qdk=uonf? xdkor*~rsm;onf tajccHynm txufwef; ausmif;om;rsm; or*~jzpf aomfvnf; xdkpOfu tajccH[laom trnfudk toHk;jyKjcif;r&SdcJh? AuowGif wuUodkvfESifh aumvdyfor*~rsm;onf tzGJ@0ifr[kwf=u? Auoonf wpfEdkifiHvHk;&Sd ausmif;om;rsm;udk udk,fpm;jyKonfh tzGJ@jzpf&rnf? xdk@a=umifh wuUodkvf/ aumvdyfor*~rsm; yg0ifvmEdkif atmif zGJ@pnf;yHkOya'jyifqifr_&Sd&rnf[k qHk;jzwf+yD; 1951-52 ckESpfwGif ArmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&mausmif;om; or*~rsm;tzGJ@csKyf(Auorsm;tzGJ@csKyf) All Burma Federation of Students' Unions (ABFSU)[ktrnfajymif;cJh=uonf? odk@aomf wuUodkvfor*~rsm;onf Auorsm;tzGJ@csKyf. w&m;0iftzGJ@jzpfzdk@twGuf oufqdkif&m or*~rsm;. zGJ@pnf;yHkOya'udk ajymif;&OD;rnfjzpf&m vufawG@wGifjyifqif& cufcJojzifh zJ@Gpnf;yHk pnf;rsOf;jyifqifr_rsm; ,aehwdkif+yD;qHk;jcif;r&Sdao;yg? AuowGif 1962 ckESpfu acgif;aqmifjzpfcJh=uaom OuUXudkouf/ taxGaxG twGif;a&;r_;udkwifxGef;wdk@rSm wuUodkvfausmif;om;rsm; jzpf=uaomfvnf; wuoudk,fpm;r[kwfyJ wpfOD;csif;tae wif ajrSmufcH=u&jcif;jzpfonf? txufwef;ausmif;rsm;. ynma&;udk wuUodkvfynma&;[kac:aom txufwef; ynmESifh a&maxG;r_jzpfavh&Sdjcif;a=umifh tajccHynmtxufwef;[k toHk;jyK&ef t}uHOm%fudk ausmif;om;rsm;u pwifay;cJh=ujcif; jzpfonf/ 1958ckESpf =o*kwfvtwGif;u oef@&Sif;

zqyvtpdk;&vufxuf wuo taqmuftOD;tpnf;ta0;cef;rwGif usif;ycJhaom “ jrefrmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&m ausmif;om;rsm; ynma&; ESD;aESmzvS,fyGJ ”wGif pwift}uHay;cJh=ujcif; jzpfonf? xdkESD;aESmzvS,fyGJrS xGufay:vmaom pmwrf;rsm;onf 0ef}uD;csKyf OD;Ek.tpdk;& tzGJ@uyif csD;usL;pum; ajymcJh&onftxd jynfhpHkcJhonf? tqifhjrifhcJhonf? odk@aomfausmif; om;rsm; ynma&;ESD;aESmzvS,fyGJ +y;DqHk;Iwpfvausmft=umwGif AdkvfcsKyf ae0if;acgifaqmif aomppfwyfu OD;Ekudkkt=uyfudkif+yD; tdrfapmifhtpkd;&zGJ@cJhojzifh xdkynma&;ESD;aESmzvS,f yGJrScsrSwfaom pmwrf;rsm;rSm vspfv#LjyKjcif; cHoGm;&onf? xdkpmwrf;xJrSm tcsuftvufwcsdK@udk rqvvufxufwGif ynma&;0ef}uD; a'gufwmnDnDu 1964ckESpfYpwifaom ynma&; pepfopfwGif ,loHk;cJh&mrS tajccHynma&;/ tajccHynmtxufwef; ponfh toHk;tESHk;rsm; acwfpm;vmcJhjcif;jzpfonf? 1988ckESpf =o*kwfv28&ufae@u Auorsm;tzGJ@udk wuotaqmuftOD;a[mif; ae&mwGifzGJ@pnf;cJh+yD;aemuf txufwef;ausmif;om;rsm;u rdrdwdk@ausmif;tvdkuf/ +rdK@e,ft vdkufor*~zGJ@pnf;vdkufaomtcg tajccHynmausmif;om;rsm; or*~(tuo)trnfudk oHk;cJh =u&mrS ,ae@ tuotzGJ@rsm; ay:aygufaejcif; jzpfonf? u|efawmfwifjyvdkaom ordkif;twdkcsKyfudk=unfhjcif;tm;jzifh tuo tzGJ@tpnf;rsm; onf 1936-37ckESpfuwnf;u ay:aygufcJha=umif; AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;wdk@udk,fwdkifOD;pD;zGJ@ pnf;cJh=ujcif;jzpfa=umif; odEdkif=uygvdrfhrnf? tuoonf eHrnfom topfwckjzpf aeaomf vnf; pwifzGJ@pnf;cJhonfrSm =umjrifhvSyg+yD? vGwfvyfa&;wdkufyGJ tqifhqifhwGif wufºuGyg 0ifcJh=uaom tzGJ@jzpfcJhonf? 1941ckESpfu ArmvGwfvyfa&;wyfrawmf (BIA) udk AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef; OD;aqmif zGJ@pnf;pOfu &JabmfoHk;usdwf0iftcsdK@ESif@ t&m&Sdrsm; trsm;pkwdk@rSm tuo acgif;aqmifrsm; tuotzGJ@0ifrsm;jzpf=uonf? BIAordkif;tpydkif;udk aoaocsmcsm avhvmcGifh&olrsm;tzdk@ TtcsufydkI xif&Sm;vmygvdrfhrnf? tuoonf jrefrmEdkifiH. EdkifiHa&;ordkif;wGif ta&; ygaom tzGJ@jzpfonf? wyfrawmfaygufzGm;&mwGif tajccHZpfjrpfvnf;jzpfonf? 1988ckESpf tm%modrf;r_jzpfyGm;+yD;aemuf e0wvufxufwGif tuorsm;zGJ@pnf;jcif;/ vSkyf&Sm;jcif;rsm;udk =um;&od&aomtcg u|efawmfhtzdk@ jrefrmordkif;a=umif;twdkif; qufvuf jzpfyGm;jcif; wcktjzpf em;vnfygonf? ordkif;ay;wm0efudk vli,fav;rsm; pGef@pGef@pm;pm; xrf;aqmif=ujcif;[k jrifygonf// tajccH ynmausmif;om;rsm;jzpfI EdkifiHa&;todawmh tm;enf;r_&Sdrnf? xdka=umifh vkyfief;rsm;wGif tcuftcJ&Sdrnf[kvnf; ar#mfrSef;xm;cJ@onf? tuo pnf;&Hk;a&;vkyfaqmifolrsm;ESifh vufawG@}uHKqHk&aomtcg tcsdK@rSmu|efawmf ar#mfvifhxm;onfxuf EdkifiHa&;tm;aumif;onf/ cH,lcsufjywfom;onf? ZGJ/ owWd jyif;xef onf? tuoacgif;aqmiftjzpf Auorsm;tzGJ@csKyfodk@ wifajrSmufjcif;cH&+yD; wm0ef,lcJ@aom ausmif;om;rsm;xJrS wpfa,mufjzpfaom udkaevif;udk u|efawmf 1998 ckESpf Edk0ifbmv twGif;u pwifawG@qHkcJ@onf? oltzrf;cH&+yD; ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;rsm;/ axmifr_;axmif=uyf

axmif0g'grsm;. !Sif;yrf;yHkrsm;udk =um;&aomtcg u|efawmfh&ifwGif;rSm yljyif;pGmcHpm;&onf? u|efawmfOD;aESmufa=umrsm; jywfxGufrwwf wif;rmoGm;onf? u|efawmf. udk,fawG@ cHpm;csufESifh E_dif;pm=unfh&if; qwfqwfcg emusnf;rdonf? u|efawmfonf 1956-57 ckESpfwGif wuUodkvfausmif;om;rsm; or*~acgif;aqmif jzpf cJh+yD; 1958ckESpf rSpI wuUodkvfq&mtjzpf ig;ESpfwdkifatmif trSkxrf;cJh+yD;rS ausmif;om;rsm;ESifh eD;pyfvGef;onfqdk+yD; rqvu zrf;qD;cJhonf? axmif'%ftjypfay;jcif;awmhrvkyfyJ axmifxJ rSm 9ESpfeD;yg;xm;onf? !Sif;yrf;ESdyfpufonf? udkudk;u|ef;odk@ydk@onf? tajccHynmtxufwef;ausmif;om;t&G,fwGif tzrf;cH&ojzifh udkaevif; tzrf;cH& onfh t&G,frSm i,fvGef;vSonf? odk@aomf ol@!Sif;yrf;ESdyfpufr_@rsm;rSm u|efawmfwdk@ xufqdk; onf? 'gudkjynfolawG odapcsifonf? urBmuodapcsifonf?

yg;uGuftm%mom;wdk@. nSif;yef;ESdufpufr_udkomru vli,fav; udkaevif;ESifh ol@vkyfazmf udkifzufrsm; &ifqdkkif=uyHk/ awG;ac:=uyHk/ cdkifrmjywfom;=uyHk/ pnf;vHk;=uyHk/ cHEdkif&nf/ ZGJ/ owWd&dSyHkESifh cufcJ=urf;wrf;vSaom tcuftcJrsm;&ifqdkif&yHkrsm;udk jrefrmjynfolrsm;ESifh urBmrS ydkIodapcsifonf? TpmtkyfwGif udkaevif;. wifjyxm;csufrsm;onf jrefrmjynfolrsm;ESifhurBmrS pdwfyg0ifpm;olrsm;twGuf omru ppftm%m&Sifpepf. csKyfudkiftoHk;csr_udk cHae=u&aom &dk;om;onfh wyfrawm/f wyfrSK;/ wyfom;taejzifhvnf; jrefrmEdkif. tem*gwftwGif; rSefuefaom vrf;a=umif;udk &Sm}uHawG;awm=u&mY rsm;pGmtusdK;jyKEdkifrnf[k u|efawmf ,Hk=unfygonf? pma&;olajymcsifwJhpum;

u|efawmfaxmifuxGufvmuwnf;u e0wvufxufrSmaxmifuscH&cJhwJh EdkifiHa&; tusOf;orm;awGta=umif;/ e0wvufxuftusOf;axmifrsm;ta=umif;awGudk jyifyurBm &SdwJh jrefrmjynfoljynfom;awGudk ajymjycsifcJhayr,fh tajctaeray;cJhyg? ESpftawmf=um jrefrmjynfuxGufvmcJhayr,fh usaemfhrSmtcsdef/ aiGa=u;tcuf tcJawGeJ@ tppt&m&m rjynfhpHkcJhwma=umifhvnf; pmtkyfxkwfa0zdk@ tqifrajyjzpfcJhygw,f? 1996-97 0ef;usifavmufrSm e0w vufxuftusOf;axmifrsm; ta=umif;eJ@ yufouf+yD; udk0if;EdkifOD;a&;om;cJhwJh Cries from Insein pmtkyfxGufay:vmcJhI zwf&Sk cJh&w,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm usaemf}uHKawG@cHpm;cJh&wJhta=umif;awG xkwfazmfzGifh[zdk@ ydk+yD;pdwftm; xufoefvmcJhw,f? usaemfaxmifuvGwfajrmufvm+yD;aemufydkif; e0wvufxuf tusOf;axmifawGxJu EdkifiHa&; tusOf;orm;awG&J@ qdk;0g;jyif;xefvSwJh b0awGta=umif; *Ce%od&SdolawG/ em;

vnfolawGrawG@&ygbl;? ppftpdk;&tusOf;axmifuae vGwfajrmufvmwJhol awmfawmf rsm;rsm;yif olwdk@&ifqdkif}uHKcJhwmawG zGifhcszdk@twGuf rsm;pGmtcuftcJ &SdcJhygonf? EdkifiHa&;tusOf;orm;qdk&if axmifxJrSm aumif;aumif;rGefrGefae&w,f/ pm;&w,fvdk@ oabmaygufxm;=uwJh jynfolawGudk ,Hk=unfcsufa=umifh tusOf;axmifawGxJrSm Eke,f vSwJhb0awGudk&if;+yD; wdkufyGJ0ifae=uwJh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;orm;awGta=umif;/ qdk;&Gm;vSwJh e0wtusOf;axmifawGta=umif; trSeftwdkif;awG@&Sd&avatmif tckvdk pmtkyfwtkyftaeeJ@ jyKpka&;om;xkwfa0&jcif;yJjzpfygw,f? usaemfaxmifxJrSm&SdaepOf usaemf@tdrfrSm axmif0ifpm twGuf rylryif&aomfvnf; usaemf@rdwfaqGxJujzpfap/ u|efawmf&yfuGufxJu usaemf@udk cifrifwJhrdwfaqGawGxJujzpfap/ usaemf@,Hk=unfcsuftwGuf tm;ay;pum;wcGef;=um;&pOf twdkif;rod usaemfaysmf&$ifcJh&w,f? usaemfa&S@quf&r,fh vrf;awGtwGuf cGeftm;opfawG wdk;cJh&w,f? 'gha=umifh usaemfawG@}uHKcJh&wJh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;orm;b0eJ@ axmifta=umif;udk pmzwfolawGem;vnfpGmjzifh zwf&Sk+yD;wJhtcg ,ckxufxd jrefrmjynf ppftpdk;& tusOf;axmif awGxJrSm,Hk}unfcsufa=umifh b0udkpGef@v$wfae=uwJ@ &[ef;oHCmrsm;/ ausmif;om;vli,f rsm;/ tv$maygif;pHkrS ppftm%m&Sifpepfudk qef@usifawmfvSef&if; axmifusae=uwJh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm;tay: pmemem;vnf+yD; wufEdkifwJhaxmifhwae&mav;u pum;av; wcGef;eJ@ yJjzpfap/ tm;ay;ulnDr_wpfckckeJ@jzpfap/ ulnDaxmufcH oGm;apzdk@ &nf&G,f&if; 'Dpmtkyf udk a&;om;&jcif;jzpfygw,f? ,ck pmtkyfwGifyg0ifonfh tcsuftvufrsm; tm;vHk;eJ@yufouf+yD; wm0ef,la=umif;ajym=um;vdkygw,f? 'ghtjyif u|efawmfwdk@awG@ }uHKcHpm;cJh&wmudk a&;om; xm;jcif;jzpfI jynfhpHkrnf[krcH,lyg? tm;enf;csufrsm;&Sdrnfqdkonfudkvnf; &dk;&dk;om;om; 0efcHa=umif; ajymcsifygw,f?

“tm;rav#mheJ@? qufomvkyf? igwdk@tjrJtm;ay;aer,f”qdkonfh toHrsm;onf tusOf;axmifrsm;wGif usaemf=um;cJh&pOf jrefrmjynf 'Drdkua&pDa&;twGuf tm;tifrsm; tppftrSefjzpfcJha=umif; xyfrHajymcsifygao;w,f? EdkifiHa&;tusOf;orm;rsm; tjrJvkd awmifhwonfrSm olwdk@udkaxmufcHtm;ay;onfh vlxk. oabmxm;/ vlxk. toHrsm;yif jzpfygw,f//

rmwdum ta=umif;t&m pmrsufESm aus;Zl;wifv$m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (5) q&mh&Jh Oa,smZOf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (7) pma&;olajymcsifwJhpum; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (13) tcef;(1) (u) ausmif;om;xk nDvmcH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (15) (c) tuo wdk@&Jh qdkif;bkwfjzKwfyGJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (16) (*)wdrf;a&Smif+yD; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (17) (C)rzrf;rcH&cif wpf&uftvdk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (19) tcef;(2) (u) oajyrSm tzrf;cH&+yD; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(22) (c) ppfa=uma&;udk jzwfoef;pOf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (24) (*) eH&HawGay:u aºuG;a=umfoHawG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (29) (C) tdrfomxJu aomufa& . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (32) (i)a,mufzudk =uufOwdkufjcif; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(34) (p) tr_wGJawGeJ@ twltcsKyfodk@ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (39) tcef;(3) (u) tcsKyfaxmifrSmvlpHk+yD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (42) (c) pwD;0yfrSm &Hk;xkwfwJhae@ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (44) (*) 5(n)awGudk cdk;r_yk'frwyfawmh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (47) (C) jcifaxmifawG/ arG@,mawG&wJhaxmif . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(49) (i)b0oHo&meJ@ 5(n)awGb0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(50) (p) &ref,l+yD; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(52) (q) ppfcHk&Hk;rSm wdkif;jynfudkcspfwJholawG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(53) tcef;(4) (u) tyfxnftvkyfcH&jcif; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(55) (c) usD;uef;rsdK;awG&Jh awmif,mavbm tefwkyGJ . . . . . . . . . . . . .(57) (*) ppfacG;wdkufu i&Jcef; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (59) (C) ppfacG;wdkufrSm ae@pOf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (63) (i)ppfacG;wdkufu tjyef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (66)

ta=umif;t&m pmrsufESm tcef;(5) (u) rpm;oifhwJh toD;pm;rdvdk@ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (68) (c) axmifwGif; edpP"l0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (69) (*) tm;vHk;aumif;ygw,f q&m}uD; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(72) (C) tdk;pm;ta=umif;/ +*dKvfta=umif; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (73) (i)+*dKvfzrf;enf; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(75) (p) +*dKvfjzpfatmifvkyfjcif; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(77) tcef;(6) (u) axmifwGif;AdkvfvkyGJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (80) (c) oGm;emaevdk@ vlowfwm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (82) (*) }udK;rdef@eJ@raoyJ aygufjym;eJ@ ao&ol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(85) tcef;(7) (u) axmifaq;&HkqdkonfrSm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (90) (c) vlowfq&m0ef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(93) tcef;(8) (u) tdwfcsftdkifAGDa&m*g ydk;ysHH@ESH@yHk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(96) (c) &efukef+rdK@ &Jhbdef;pcef; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(98) tcef;(9) (u) uGyfpdyfq&m r[mbkwf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(101) (c)axmiftwGif; bk&m;wnf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(103) (*) a&'D,dk0,fay;rdvdk@ axmifusvmwm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(105) (C) axmifwGif;aiGa=u; vJvS,fpepf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (106) (i)axmifpm&if;awGcdk;xkwfawmh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (108) tcef;(10) (u) axmifajymif;+yD; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(115) (c) o&ufaxmiftoGm; vrf;c&D;rSm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(122) (*) [if;aumif;vdk@xrif;awmif;wm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(126) (C) axmifw&m;pD&ifcef; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(129) tcef;(11) (u)axmif0ifpmwdkufyGJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(131) (c) axmif0ifpmyHkpHwdkufyGJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(137)

ta=umif;t&m pmrsufESm tcef;(12) (u) o&ufaxmifwGif; oufaoxGufqdkcsuf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(142) (c) tnmc&D;. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(155) tcef;(13) (u) axmifwGif;owif;pm/ twdktxGm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(167) (c) udktdkufudk aoqHk;r_ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(169) tcef;(14) (u) &Sm;&Sm;yg;yg; acgif;jzwfowfr_ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(174) (c) trsdK;om;nDvmcHeJ@ wdkufydwf'%f . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(176) tcef;(15) wGJzufaxmifoHwdkif=um;u . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (184) tcef;(16) a'geawmifrSm aewJh awmifay:om;awG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(191) tcef;(17) ydËduwfudkzsufwJh ºuGufpkwf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(201) tcef;(18) usaemfodcJhzl;wJh olawGxJu trSwfw&rdwfaqGrsm; (u) OD;tkef;jrifh (ocifOD;tkef;jrifh/ wdk;wufa&; ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(213) (c) OD;pdefvS(AdkvfpdefoHr%d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(215) (*) q&mawmfOD;a&0w . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (216) (C) &JausmfpGm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(224) tcef;(19) (u) o&ufaxmifu vGwfwJhae@ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(226) (c) xGufawmfrl eef;ucGm+yD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(227) rSwfwrf;"mwfyHk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (230) o&uftusOf;axmifyHk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(231) o&uftusOf;axmifwGif a&qGJavbm yef;csDyHk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(232) o&uftusOf;axmif. taqmifyef;csDyHk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(233) wdkufyHkpHrsm; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(234)s

tcef;(1)

ausmif;om;xknDvmcH (u) tcsdefumvu 1990 ckESpfxJrSmayg@? arvu ppftpdk;&u usif;yay;wJhygwDpHk'Drdkua&pDa&G;aumufyGJ &v'f tajzxGufvdk@ 'Drdkua&pDtiftm;pkawG csdefcGif tav;omaecsdefyJ jzpfygw,f? usaemfwdk@ jrefrmEdkifiH&J@ &moDOwkawGxJu rdk;wGif;umv[m 'Drdkua&pDtiftm;pkawG&J@ oauFwvuQ%mwpfckvdk@ qdk&rvdkygyJ? rdk;wGif;umveJ@ jrefrmEdkifiH 'Drdkua&pDvSkyf&Sm;rSk[m qufpyfaeygw,f? e0wppftpdk;&&Jh nSif;yrf;/ ESdyfpuf/ zrf;qD;rSka=umifh rif;udkEdkiftygt0if ausmif;om;trsm;tjym; zrf;qD;cHae&ovdk/ ppfaxmufvSrf;a&; &J@ nSif;yrf;ESdyfpufrSk'%fawGudk rcH&yfEdkifawmhvdk@ e,fpyfa'orsm;qDudk wdrf;a&SmifoGm;=uwJh ausmif;om; rsm;vnf;&SdcJhygw,f? jyeff@}uJaewJ@ausmif;om;rsm;/ tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;udk &efukefrsufESmpmrSm pkpnf;Edkifzdk@twGuf rEWav;+rdK@ av;jyifav;&yf oHCmor*~DtzGJ@ OuUX OD;a&0wESifhAuo(txufArmjynf) rSausmif;om;/ vli,fudk,fpm; vS,frsm;jzpf=uonfh rdk;ausmfOD;/ udkpef;,k/ udkrif;rif;OD;/ rcifOrRmjrifh/ rjrifhjrifhcdkif pwJJhrEWav;uausmif;om; xkrsm;&Jh yHhydk;/ ulnD/ }udK;yrf;rSkjzifh &efukefjrdK@ &Sdausmif;om;tzGJhtpnf;rsm;pkpnf;um uspfvpfcdkifrmaom ArmEdkifiHqdkif&m ausmif;om;r*~rsm;tzGJ@csKyf (atmufArmjynf) udkjyefvnfzGJ@pnf;I ArmEdkifvHk;qdkif&m ausmif;om;xk nDvmcH}uD;udk 1990ckESpf/ZGefv(28)&ufae@rS Zlvdkifv(2)&ufae@ txd rEWav;+rdK@ jrawmif bkef;}uD;ausmif;wkdufrSm usif;yjyKvkyfcJhw,f? tJ'DnDvm}uD;uae+yD; ausmifom;xkrS awmif;qdkcsuf(6)csuf/ twnfjyKcsuf(3)&yf/ a&S@vkyfief;pOf (3)&ufcsrSwfEdkifcJhygw,f? tJ'DtxJuyg0ifwJhtcsuf (1)csufuawmhAuorsm;tzGJ@csKyf&J@ 1960ckESpfrSm usif;ycJhwJh qXrt}udrfausmif;om;xk nDvmcH}uD;uae twnfjyKcsrSwfxm;cJhwJh rl(5)csufudk qufvuf udkifqGJ+yD; txufArmjynfausmif;om;rsm;eJ@ atmufArmjynfausmif;om;rsm; [efcsufnDnDyl;aygif;+yD; ppftm%m&Sifpepfudk wdkufyGJ0ifoGm;zdk@ ausmif;om;xku oH"dXmefawGcsrSwfcJ@w,f? tJ'Dae&mrSm AuotzGJ@csKyf&Jh csrSwfxm;wJhrl(5)csufuawmh...... (1)? ausmif;om;xktcGifhta&;umuG,fa&; (2)? 'Drdkua&pDynma&; (3)? 'Drdkua&pDa&; (4)? jynfwGif;+idrf;csrf;a&; (5)? trsdK;om;a&; ...wdk@yJjzpfw,f?

tuowdk@&Jh qdkif;bkwfjzKwfyGJ (c) 1990ckESpf a&GaumufyGJt+yD; tajccHynmausmif;rsm; jyefzGifhwJhtcg=uawmh ppftpdkk;&uae+yD; ausmif;om;awG[m EdkifiHa&;eJ@rywfouf&bl;vdk@ ajymqdkjyD;awmh olwdk@ ppftpdk;&&J@ ay:vpDjzpfwJh 'dk@wm0efta&;(3)yg; qdkif;bkwfawGudk &efukefjrdK@rSm&SdwJh tajccHynmausmif;awGtESH@ vdkufvHwyfqif =uw,f? ausmif;awGtESH@ pnf;&Hk;a&;awGjyKvkyfcJhw,f? tJ'gawGudkrauseyf=uwJh tajccHausmif;om;/ ausmif;olawG[m &efukef/ rEWav; pwJhjrdK@}uD;awGrSm ppftpdk;&&Jh 'dk@wm0efta&;(3)yg;qdkif;bkwfjzKwfcsyGJawG/ ppftpdk;&qef@usifa&;yGJawG jyKvkyfcJh=uwmudk awG@jrifcJh&w,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSmawmh &efukefjrdK@rSmqdk&if AdkvfwaxmiftrSwf(5)eJ@ trSwf(6) txufwef;ausmif;awGrSm ppftpdk;&&Jh 'dk@wm0efta&;(3)yg; qdkif;bkwfawGudk ausmif;om;awGyJ &dkufcsdK;/ zsufqD;/ jzKwfcsrSkawG t&SdefrjywfjyKvkyfEdkif=uovkd/ rEWav;+rdK@rSmvnf;yJ tajccHynmtxufwef;ausmif; wpfckrSmqdk&if ausmif;0if;twGif;rSm &SdwJh rqv tpdk;&&JhtvHudk tvHwdkifuae jzKwfcscJhw,f? +yD;awmh tJ'DtvHudk ajcaxmufrSmcsnf+yD; ppftpdk;&udkqef@usifqEMjycJhwJh c&dkifausmif;om;rsm; or*~(tajccHynm) ausmif;olav; wpfOD;jzpfwJh raeqkvSdkif[m ausmif;uae xkwfy,fcHcJh&w,f? wpfcsdefwnf;rSmyJ 'Dvdk tvm;wljzpf&yfawG[m &efukefwdkif; twGif;rSm&SdwJh +rdKe,fawG jzpfwJh ykZGefawmif/ yef;bJwef;/ vom/ '*Hk/ vrf;rawmf/ =unfjrifhwdkif/ tvHk/ vSdkif/ a'gyHktp&SdwJh +rdKe,fawGrSm jzpfyGm;cJhygw,f? urm&Gwf+rdK@e,f trSwf(5)tajccHynm txufwef;ausmif;rSmqdk&if usm;av; qdkonfh tajccHynm ausmif;om;wpfOD;rS OD;aqmif+yD; 'dk@wm0efta&;oHk;yg; qdkif;bkwfudk ausmif;0if;twGif;uae jzKwfcscJhw,f? +yD;awmh tJ'Dqdkif;bkwfudk rD;&SdkwJhtxd jzpfyGm;cJhw,f? prf;acsmif;jrdK@e,frSmqdk&ifvnf; tJ'Dqdkif;bkwfudk jzKwfcs+yD; ausmif;tqif;rSm qENjycJh=uw,f? ausmif;om;awGu “vlawGtm;vHk; Auy/ acG;awGtm;vHk; e0w”vkd@aºuG;a=umfcJh=uw,f? 'DvkddaºuG;a=umfoHudk Adkvfcifn$ef@ wpfa,muf =um;wJhtcgrSm aqG@aqG@ckef+yD; q&mtwwfoifodyH̀ ausmif;u q&m/q&mrawGudk ac:,l+yD; 'gawG[mq&m/ q&mrawG rqHk;rvdk@ jzpf&wmqdk+yD; +cdrf;ajcmuf }udrf;armif;cJhw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSmyJ rEWav;+rdk@u trSwf(9)/ trSwf(1)eJ@ tjcm;ausmif;awGu ausmif;om; awG[m ausmif;qif;csdefwdkif; +rdK@v,facgifu aps;csdKem&Dpifem; w0dkufrSm ppftpdk;&qef@usifwhJ aºuG;a=umfoHrsm;/ qENjyr_ rsm; }udK;=um;jzpfay:aecJhw,f? a&G;aumufyGJrSm tEdkif&wJh jynfol@ v$wfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;[mvnf; &efukef+rdK@ vnfacgifrSm&SdwJh *ENDcef;rrSmpk+yD; a=ujimcsuf 1§90udk xkwfjyefcJhw,f? tJ'Da=ujimcsufxJrSm &ufaygif;(30)twGif; jynfol@v$wfawmfac:ay;&ef e0w tpdk;&tm; awmif;qdkxm;ovdk

tif;pdefaxmifxJrSm&Sd=uwJh EdkifiHa&; tusOf;om;awGuvnf; tEdkif&ygwDudktm%mv$Jay;zdk@ tpmiwfcHwdkufyGJ0if+yD; awmif;qdkaewJh tcsdef vnf;jzpfygw,f? &efukef+rdK@awmfrSmvnf;(999qkdwJ@-ukd;oHk;vHk;ae@) 1990jynfh/ pufwifbmv/ 9&ufae@rSm vSkyf&Sm;rSkwckjyKvkyfzdk@ wyfOD;tzGJ@rsm;uvnf; wyfvSef@xm;=uygw,f? 'DvkdeJ@ (8888)ESpfywfvnf (2)ESpfjynfh tcrf;tem;rSm rEWav;+rdK@twGif; oHCmawmfrsm; qGrf;avmif;yGJrSm ppftpdk;&u &uf&ufpufpuf ypfcwfESdrfeif;wma=umifh oHCmawmfawG&J@ a'go,rf;tdk;[m aygufuGJawmhr,fh tajctaeudk qdkufa&mufvmcJhw,f? 'ga}umifh e0wu vlzrf;yGJ}uD;udk w+ydKifeuf pwifygawmhw,f? wdrf;a&Smif+yD (*) usaemftzrf;rcH&rD wywfavmuftvdkrSmyJ +rdk@e,ftoD;oD;u vSkyf&Sm;=uwJh tajccHynm ausmif;om;ausmif;olawGudk e0w ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;awGu pwifzrf;qD; wmawG jyKvkyfaeyg+yD? a'gyHk +rdK@e,f/ '*Hk+rdk@e,f/ Adkvfwaxmif+rdK@e,fawGu tajccHynmausmif;om;awG/ (999)vSkyf&Sm;rSkudk OD;aqmifr,fh wyfOD;u&JabmfawG[m usaemfwdk@t&ifolwdk@u tif;pdefoD;oef@ tusOf;axmifrSm a&muf&SdaecJhw,f? zrf;qD;rSkawG rsm;vmwma=umifh usaemfwdk@uvnf; udk,fhtpDtpOfeJ@udk,f vHkjcHKwJhae&mawGrSm cdkatmif;zdk@ ae&m&Sm}u&ygw,f? tJ'Dtcsdef[m usaemfwdk@twGuf bk&m;w&m;t&dyf[mvnf; vHkjcHKrSk r&Sdawmhygbl;? wpf&ufrSm usaemf a&Smifwdrf;aeusjzpfwJh urm&GwfvSnf;wef; *Hk;qif;em;u tdrfrSm oGm;tdyf cJhygw,f? tJ'Dae@[m usaemftzrf;rcH&cif wpf&uftvdkrSmyJ jzpfygw,f? rSwfrSwf&& usaemftdyfrJhtdrfrSm (&uo)u udk+zdK;(+zdK;rif;odef;) (,ck awmifilaxmifrSm axmif'%f (14)ESpfuscHae&ol)eJ@ =unfhjrifaumvdyfu udkoufaxG; wdk@eJ@ qHkjzpf=uygw,f? udk+zdK;u usaemfhudk “rif;owdxm;aeOD;aemf/ &Jarmfxl; wa,muf aysmufaew,f =um;w,f? rif;eJ@ aumawG@ jzpfao;ovm;”vdk@ar;ygw,f? usaemfvnf; “rawG@bl;/ wpfae&mrSmyJ ykef;aeovm;/ zrf;bJac:oGm;+yDvm; rodao;ygbl;? owif;=um;&if usaemfajymyghr,f” usGefawmf ajzvdkufawmh udk+zdkK;uyJquf+yD; “armif&ifhudk rEWav;u OD;a&0wu awG@csifvdk@wJh pmvnf;ay;vdkufw,f? zwf=unfh+yD; oGm;vdkufygOD;”qdk+yD; pmudkxkwfay;w,f? pmuawmh rEWav;+rdK@ rSm(8888)ESpfywfvnfae@u ppftpdk;&u &uf&ufpufpuf owfjzwfcJhwJhudpPeJ@ yufouf+yD; usaemfhudk tultnD awmif;xm;wJh pmyg? pmudk tdwfxJjyefxnfh+yD; tdrf&SifuausG;wJh 0ufacgif;okwfeJ@xrif;udk usaemfwdk@ (3)OD;om; pm;aomuf=uygw,f? pm;aomuf+yD;tdyfzdk@ ae&mtwGuf jyifqifwkef;rSmyJ

tdrf&Sifu “[Jh/ eifwdk@'DtdrfrSm tdyfwmpdwfrcs&bl;? tdrfeJ@uyf&yfu bkef;}uD;ausmif;rSm oGm;tdyf? igvdkufydk@ay;r,f? tJ'DrSmpdwfcs&w,f? reufus&ifawmh ausmif;xdkifq&mawmf rEdk;cif igwdk@tdrf jyefvmtdyf=u” qdk+yD; tdrf&Sifvkyfolu usaemfwdk@udk wzGzGrSmygw,f? “ausmcsp&mae&m wpfae&mvHkjcHK&if +yD;wmygyJAsm” vdk@usaemfwdk@jyefajym+yD; tdrf&Sifjzpfol vdkufydk@wJh tdrfem;u bkef}uD;ausmif;rSm pwnf;cscJh=uygw,f? tJ'D bkef;}uD; ausmif;xJrSm vlpdrf;0if&if atmfwwfvdk@ acG;awGxuf pdwfcsrSk&SdwJh ief;awGarG;xm;w,f? tJ'D wpfnawmh bkef;}uD;ausmif;rSm tdyf+yD; aemuf wae@ tm&k%fqGrf;ruyfcif ausmif;wdkufuae tomav; xvmcJh=uw,f? usaemfwdk@wnf;wJhtdrfudk tdyfa&;r0ao;wJh rsufESmawGeJ@ 0ifoGm;wJhtcgrSm wpftdrfvHk;rSm&SdwJh olawGtm;vHk; jyL;wl;+yJwJrsufESmawGeJ@ usGefawmfwdk@udk =unfhaew,f? +yD;awmhrStdrf&Sifjzpfolu “eifwdk@ 'Dtdrfudkrvm=ueJ@awmh? nu axmufvSrf;a&;u owif; twdtus&xm;vdk@ eifwdk@udk vm&Smw,f? nu eifwdk@t0iftxGufyJ/ axmufvSrf;a&;awG/ &JawG/ &0wawG wtdrfvHk;udk ydwf&Sm=uwm? eifwdk@udkraw@Gvdk@ a'gyG+yD; tdrfxJrSm tdyfaewJh olawG tm;vHk;udkxcdkif;/ olwdk@ppfzdeyfawGeJ@ jcifaxmifawGudk uef+yD;&Sm=uav&Jh? owif;twdtus&+yD;rS eifwdk@udkrawG@wJhtwGuf eifwdk@ b,foGm;vnf;vdk@ar;w,f? wpftdrfvHk;u b,folrS rvmbl;vdk@ ajzwmaygh? tJ'D awmhaxmufvSrf;a&;u rdvkd@uawmhuGm/ wpftdrfvHk; udkzrf;+yD; ta&cGHcGmjzpfr,fvdk@ usdef;w,f? aemuf+yD; tdrfatmufaum/ tdrfaemufaz;aum/ tdrfomyg ae&mtESH@vdkuf&Smjyefw,f? owif; twdtus&xm;&Jh om;eJ@vGwfoGm;wm emw,fuGmvdk@ajym+yD; rdvdk@ uawmh cifAsm;wdk@vnf; rvG,fbl;omrSwfvdk@ }udrf;+yD;jyefoGm;w,f” tdrf&Sifjzpfolu rsufESmrSm aoG;r&SdawmhyJ wkefwkef&D&D ajymjyygw,f? nutdyfa&;r0vkd@ 'DreufrSm wa&;avmuf jyeftdyfr,fvdk@ pOf;pm;xm;wJh pdwful;udk zsuf+yD; rsufESmudk uAsmuoDopf+yD; oHk;a,mufom; tjrefjyefxGufcJh}uygw,f? vSnf;wef;a&mufawmh usaemfu udk+zdK;eJ@ udkoufaxG;wdk@udk “cifAsm;wdk@vdk acgif;aqmif}uD;awGeJ@ aygif;tdyf&if usaemfwdk@vdkbmrSr[kwfwJh tnw&aumifawGyg axmifusaeygOD;r,f”vdk@ aemufvdkufawmh udk+zdK;u “a[haumif..rif;rarhygeJ@aemf? vpfoifh&ifvpfawmh” vdk@jyefajym+yD; vrf;cGJcJh}uygw,f? vpfawmhvpfcsifayr,fh csdef;xm;wJhudpPawGu &Sdao;awmh OD;a&0weJ@ csdef;xm;wJhae&mudkoGm;zdk@ jyifvdkufygw,f? wmarGbufrSm OD;&0weJ@ awG@+yD; q&mawmf tultnD awmif;xm;wJhudpPtwGuf tpDtpOfawG aqG;aEG;=uygw,f? wevFm ae@rSmjyefqHkzdk@ tcsdefeJ@ ae&mjyefowfrSwf+yD; usaemfjyefvmcJhw,f?

tzrf;rcH&cif wpf&uftvdk (C) q&mawmfOD;a&0wqDu tjyefrSmawmh a'gyHk+rdK@e,fuoli,fcsif; wpfa,mufjzpfwJh ausmf0À &J@tdrfudk xGufvmcJhygw,f? ausmf0À&Jh tdrfuusaemfh&J@ pm;tdrfaomuftdrf qdkvnf;rrSm;bl;? ausmf0Àu pufrSkwuUodkvfwufcGifh&aeyg+yD? +yD;awmh q,fwef; ausmif;om;awGudk t*FvdyfpmoifjyaewJh q&mwpfOD; jzpfovdk/ Armhvli,frsm; tpnf;t&Hk;(Avp)/ ,cif tm&Svli,ftzGJ@rS vli,facgif;aqmifwpfOD; vnf;jzpf ygw,f? olutoef@tjyef@ tvGef}udKuffygw,f? vluawmh tom;rJvdk@ rD;jywf&ifoGm; yJjrif&w,fvdk@ usGefawmfwdk@u aemufavh&Sdygw,f? olvrf;av#muf&if ycHk;udk wzufapmif;+yD; av#mufwwfvdk@ usaemf wdk@u“z&drf”vdk@ac:}uygw,f? axmifxJa&mufawmh ausmf0Àu (2)a,muf&Sdygw,f? oleJ@ aemufwa,muf u yJcl;uausmf0Àyg? oludkawmh tm;vHk;u z&drfvdk@ ac:+yD;/ aemufwpfa,mufudkawmh yJcl;u ausmf0Àvdk@yJac:ygw,f? wpfcgu axmifxJrSm z&drfudk taqmifrSl; 0efxrf;wpfa,mufu ac:+yD; axmifeHygwf}uD;rSm ol@ emrnfudk a&;wJhtcg “ausmf0e” vdk@pmvHk;aygif;awmh olu q&m usaemfemrnfu “e}uD;ESpfvHk;qifh aygif;wJh %}uD;yg” vdk@jyefajymygw,f? 0efxrf;uvnf;&Suf+yD; igvnf;raygif;wwfbl;? “rif;emrnf rif;zmom aygif;” vdk@jyefajymcJhygw,f? usaemf ausmf0Àtdrfudka&mufawmh ol@nDrjzpfol yyu “ausmf0Ànutdrfjyefrtdyfbl;” vdk@ ajymygw,f? 'Duae@ q,fwef;atmifpm&if; xGufrSmrdk@ rae@nuol@wynfh ausmif;om;av;awGeJ@ twloGm;tdyfw,fvdk@ qufajymygw,f? 'geJ@usGefawmfvnf; tJ'DrSmyJa&csdK;/ t0wftpm;vJ+yD; ausmf0ÀeJ@ awG@csifao;wma=umifh oljyefvm&if 'Dae@ ae@vnf wpfem&Davmuf vSnf;wef; pH&dyf+idrfu vufzuf&nfqdkifudk vmcJ@zdk@rSm+yD; a'gyHk&Sd ausmf0Àtdrfuae jyefxGufcJ@ygw,f? +rdK@xJzufudkoGm;zdk@ OD;wnfvdkufygw,f? usaemf &efukef+rdK@ xJudka&mufawmh vrf;30rSmaewJh usaemholi,fcsif; bkef;bkef;(bkef;jrifhxGef;) &Jhtdrfudk OD;wnfvdkufygw,f? bkef;bkef;qdkwm oHk;a&mifjc,f ausmif;om;vli,ftzGJ@uyg? ol@tdrfudkawmh +rdK@vnfacgifu olykefXmecsKyfwpfckv@dk usaemfwdk@u emrnf ay;xm;ygw,f? bmjzpfvdk@ vnf;qdkawmh ol@tdrfu ppftpdk;&udk qef@usifvSkyf&Sm;aewJholawG awmfawmf rsm;rsm; qHkwwfwJhae&m wpfckjzpfvdk@ygyJ? qHkqnf;zdk@ wifr[kwfyJ ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;&Jh '%fa=umifh udk,f@tdrfudk,fjyefvdk@ r&awmhwJh ae&mrJhoGm;wJholawG twGufvnf; ol@tdrfa&mufoGm;&ifawmh olwwfEdkifoI ausG;arG;{nfhcHwwfygw,f? usaemfwdk@vdk ausmif;om;awGudk olwdk@rdom;pku ulnDcJhwma=umifhvnf; e0w&Jh t+idK;}uD;udk ,ae@wdkif cHpm;ae&&Smav&Jh? usGefawmfbkef;bkef;tdrfudka&mufawmh oltdyf&murxao;yJ ukwifay:rSm ydk;vdk;yufvuf tdyfaysmf aewkef;ygyJ? 'gayr,fh {nfhonfawGuawmh xHk;pHtwdkif; ol@tdrfrSma&muf&Sdaeygw,f? apmapmpD;pD; a&mufaeoluawmh&uDQ;(nDaxG;cdkif)eJ@ udkpdefvSdkifwdk@yJjzpfygw,f? udkpdefvSdkifuawG@awG@csif;... “armif&ifwdk@ =um;+yD;+yD;vm;” vdk@ p+yD;ar;ygw,f? usaemfu“bmjzpfvdk@vnf;” vdk@ ar;vdkuf ygw,f? “om;n$efOD;eJ@ udkatmifxGef;wdk@udk nuw+ydKifeufxJzrf;oGm;=uw,f?” “[kwfvm;”

“[kwfw,f? nu 12em&DavmufrSm axmufvSrf;a&;eJ@ ppfwyfu udkatmifxGef;eJ@om;n$efOD;wdk@ tdrfawGudk wpfae&mpDcGJ+yD; w+ydKifwnf;zrf;oGm;=uw,f? udkatmifxGef;tdrfu 0&rf;ygvm;/ zrf;0&ef;ryg&if rvdkuf Edkifbl;vdk@ ajymvdk@ ol@tdrfeJ@ axmufvSrf;a&;awGpum;rsm;=uao;w,f” vdk@bkef;bkef;uajymjyygw,f? usaemfuvnf; nuusGefawmf&,f/ udk+zdK;eJ@udkoufaxG;wdk@ qHk=uyHk/ usaemfwdk@oHk;a,mufvHk; uyfoDav;vGwfoGm;+yD; tzrf;rcHvdkuf&yHkwdk@yHkudk ajymjyvdkufygw,f? e0wu (999)tHk}uGrSk@jzpfrSmpdk;vdk@ wyfOD;tzGJ@0ifawGudk ESdrfeif;zrf;qD;+yD;/ tckusGefawmfwdk@ (Auo) ausmif;om; awGudkwpfcsdefwnf;/ wpf+ydKifwnf;zrf;qD; vmwJhajcvSrf;yJvdk@ usaemfu xyfajymvdkufygw,f? udkpdefvd_ifu æ 'dk@wawGowd&Sd&Sdaezdk@ aumif;+yDaemf? udk,fvnf;a&Smifawmhr,f?” “rif;wdk@vnf;'D bkef;bkef;wdk@tdrfrvm=u&if aumif;r,f” vdk@ajymygw,f? udk&uDQ;uawmh “at;...tm;vHk; enf;enf;av;a&Smifae=u&if aumif;r,f” vdk@0ifajym+yD; acsmif;wcsuf[ef@ vdkufygw,f? ol@udk=unfh&wm tat;rd+yD; acsmif;qdk;aewJhyHkygyJ? armifbkef;uawmh usaemfhudkpdk;&drfw,fxifyg&Jh? “a[haumif? igwdk@awG a':atmifpk=unfeJ@ tif;av;zufudk pnf;&kH;a&;qif;wkef;u tif;av; azmifawmfOD;bk&m;u ab;tEW&m,fuif;&Sif;atmif ouFef;pteDav;awGay;w,f? (tJ'DouFef;p teDav;awGrSm a*gyutzGJ&Hk;&Jh wHqdyfwHk;av;awG &dkufxm;wm owdxm;rdygw,f) rif;vnf; tEW&m,f uif;atmifaqmifxm;aygh” qdk+yD;usaemfhudk tJ'DouFef;pwpfck vufaqmifay;ygw,f? tJ'Daemuf usaemfvnf; tcsdef r&Sdawmhvdk@ vSnf;wef;rSm tajccHynmausmif;awGu +rdK@e,fudkpm;vS,fawGeJ@ aqG;aEG;yGJ&Sd&m csdef;xm;wJh ae&mudkoGm;zdk@ ajymawmh tm;vHk;u usGefawmfudk roGm;zdk@ 0dkif;wm;=uygw,f? “a[haumif...rarhygeJ@aemf” “tzrf;tqD;awG rsm;aew,f” “tpnf;ta0;rvkyf&if aumif;r,f” “zsufvdkuf...roGm;ygeJ@” 0dkif;+yD;wm;=uwJh toHawGudk vspfvsK&Sk+yD; usaemf xGufvmcJhw,f? roGm;&ifrjzpfwJh udpP&Sdaewm a=umifh tajccHynmausmif;om; udk,fpm;vS,fawGeJ@ awG@zdk@ csdef;qdkxm;wJhae&mudk usaemfa&mufatmif oGm;cJhygw,f? 'Dwcg ausmif;om;awGeJ@ aqG;aEG;+yD;&if q&mawmfOD;a&0weJ@ rEWav;vdkufoGm;r,fvdk@ vrf;rSm awG;vm;cJhygw,f? 'gayr,fh usaemf&J@ pdwful;awGudk e0w axmufvSrf;a&;awGu vufOD;r_ &,loGm;cJhygw,f?

tcef;(2) oajyrSm tzrf;cH&+yD (u) 'Dae@+rdK@ e,ftajccHynm ausmif;om;acgif;aqmifawGeJ@ aqG;aEG;yGJvkyfr,fh ae&mu &efuif;zufu bkef;}uD;ausmif;wckrSm jzpfygw,f? tJ'ga=umifh ausmif;om;awG tpnf;ta0;vkyfr,fh bkef;}uD;ausmif;eJ@ vSnf;wef;/ pH&dyf+idrfu oajy vufbuf&nfqdkifrSmae&mcGJ+yD; csdef;xm;ygw,f? bkef;bkef;wdk@ awGtm;vHk; 0dkif;wm;aewJh=um;uyJ vSnf;wef;zufudk usaemfa&mufvmcJhygw,f? pH&dyf+idrfygvm;vdk@ um;py,f,m&Jh ar;oHa=umifh rSwfwdkifygw,fvdk@ajzvdkuf+yD; um;jywif;aygufuae wqifh &efukef-tif;pdefvrf;ray:u oajy vBuf&nfqdkifxJudk a0h0J=unfhvdkufygw,f? vli,fta,muf(20)ausmfavmuf [dkpm;yGJ/ 'Dpm;yGJawGrSmtoD;oD;xdkifae=uwmawG@&ygw,f? usaemfvnf;um;ay:uqif;+yD; qdkifxJu pm;yGJ0dkif;wpfckrSm 0ifxdkifvdkufygw,f? r*FvmawmifnGef@ +rdK@e,fu ,OfaxG;udkawG@awmh “&Jarmfxl;ta=umif; bm=um;ao;vJ” vdk@ar;vdkufygw,f? &Jarmfxl; tzrf;cH&a=umif; ,OfaxG;uajymygw,f? usaemfu“om;n$efOD;eJ@ udkatmifxGef;wdk@udkawmh rae@nu tzrf;cHvdkuf&w,f? igwdk@awmif uHaumif;vdk@ tzrf;rcH&wm” tJ'Dtcsdef rSmyJ qdkif&Jh b,feJ@nm toD;oD;uae axmufvSrf;a&;awG/ &JawGqdkifxJudk 0ifvm=u ygw,f? “igwdk@vnf; jrefjrefajc&m azsmuf&atmif? tpnf;ta0; vkyfr,fhae&m oGm;=updk@” vdk@ajymzdk@tvkyfrSmyJ axmufvSrf;a&;awGu qdkifxJuvlawGtm;vHk;udk emrnfawG vdkufar;wmudk awG@&ygw,f? qdkifa&S@udkvSrf; =unfhvdkufawmh wDtD;11ppfum;wpD;/ &Jum;wpD;eJ@ [dkif;vufum;wpD;wdk@ qdkifydwf&yfxm;wm awG@&ygw,f? axmufvSrf;a&;awGu pm;yGJrSm xdkifaeolawGudk rif;emrnf b,fvdkac:vnf; vdk@ar;+yD; olwdk@ vufxJ rSmudkifxm;wJh pmtkyfxJu emrnfawGeJ@ wdkufppfaeygw,f? ausmif;om;awmfawmfrsm;rsm;[m emrnf t&if;awGrajymyJ yg;pyfxJ awG@u&memrnfawGudkajym=uvdk@ axmufvSrf;a&;awG[m tjyeftvSef wa,mufcsif; ppfaq;jyefw,f? “rif;wdk@emrnfawG rSefrSefajymaemf/ odvdk@uawmh em+yDomrSwf? xGufajy;r,fvdk@ vnf;r}udK;pm;eJ@? rypf&Jbl;vdk@ xif&if xGufajy;=unfhaygh” qdk+yD; axmufvSrf;a&;awGu tqufrjywf +cdrf;ajcmufaeygw,f? jzpfysufaewJh tjzpftysufawGudk qdkif&Siftygt0if ywf0ef;usifu vlawGyg 0dkif;tHk=unfhae}uygw,f? +yD;awmh oajy vufzuf&nf qdkif&Jhab;uyf&Jhu tdrf[m trsdK;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf/ urm&Gwf+rdK@e,f&Hk;cGJjzpfygw,f? qdkifjyifyuae 0dkif;=unfhaeolawG wjznf;jznf; rsm;jym;vm+yD; “ausmif;om;awGudkzrf;ae=uwm” qdkwJh avoHawG rsm;jym;qlnHvmcsdefrSmawmh axmufvSrf;a&;wa,mufu olwdk@xJu tzGJ@acgif;aqmifvdk@ xif&oludk “olwdk@awGudk b,fvdkvkyf&rvJq&m”vdk@ar;vdkufoHudk =um;vdkufygw,f? tJ'DrSmwif zrf;qD;rSk&Jh acgif;aqmifvkyfolu ol@vufxJu pmtkyfteDav;udk ydwfvdkufygw,f? +yD;awmh “&Skyfw,f? tukefvHk; um;ay:wif” vdk@trdef@ay;+yD; [dkif;vwfum;ay:udk usaemftygt0if ausmif;om;(30)cef@udk um;ay:wufcdkif;ygw,f? +yDawmh tjyifzufu tayguf0rSm axmufvSrf;a&;eJ@ &JawGu aoewfeJ@csdef+yD; &efukefwuUodkvfvSdkife,fxJodk@ um;udk armif;oGm;cJ@ygw,f? usaemfwdk@ [dkif;vwf um;aemufrSm oHql;}udK;acGeJ@ pufaoewfwifxm;wJh wDtD; 11 ppfum;wpD;vdkufygvmygw,f? vSdkife,fajrxJudk a&mufawmh um;ay:uae wa,mufcsif; qif;cdkif;ygw,f? +yD;awmh wpfudk,fvHk; tESHh ppfaq;&SmazG+yD; udk,fa&;&mZ0ifawGudk pwifar;jref;ygawmhw,f? ausmif;om;awmfawmfrsm;rsm;u olwdk@&JhemrnfawGudk trSeftwdkif; rajym}uwmawG@&ygw,f? usaemfvnf; tjcm;emrnfwckudk ajym+yD;

vdrfajymvdkufygw,f? 'gayr,fh usGefawmfvG,fxm;wJhtdwfudk &SmazGcsdefrSmawmh uHqdk;pGmyJ 'dkif,m &DpmtkyfxJu EdkifiHom; pdppfa&;u'fjym; xGufusoGm;ygw,f? 'g rif;pdppfa&;u'fjym;r[kwfvm; vdk@ar;wma}umifh usaemfvnf; jiif;vdk@r&awmhygbl;? aemufawmh “rif;um;ay: jyefwuf” qdkwJhtoH=um;vdk@ um;ay:uae acgif;iHk@=unfhvdkufawmh &JausmfpGm(uwHk;eJ@) jyefwufvmwmudk awG@&ygw,f? olvnf; ol@&Jhausmif;om;u'fudk axmufvSrf;a&;u awG@oGm;vdk@ um;ay:wufcdkif;cH&wmyg? usefwJholawGudkawmh emrnfvdrfpm ,l+yD;jyefv$wfay;vdkufygw,f? &JausmfpGmu Adkvfwaxmiftxu(2)u ausmif;om;wpfOD;yg? Adkvfwaxmif+rdK@e,fu tajccHynm ausmif;om;udk,fpm;vS,f wpfOD;vnf; jzpfygw,f? ol@tudkjzpfol udkbb}uD;(c) udkrif;atmif[m 1988ckESpf ta&;tcif;umvu a':atmifqef;pk=unf&Jh vHkjcHKa&;udk,l&wJh oHk;a&mifjc,fausmif;om;tzGJ@u jzpfygw,f? 88 ta&;tcif;rSm wufwufºuGºuG vSkyf&Sm;cJh vdk@ e0wppfaxmufvSSSSrf;a&;&Jh zrf;qD;rSkudkcHcJh&ygw,f? tif;pdef/ om,m0wDtusOf;axmifawGuae jyefvnfvGwfajrmufvm+yD; r=umcifrSmyJ olwdk@&Jh rdbawGu &JausmfpGmwdk@ nDtudkESpfa,mufudk omoemhabmifudk0ifapcJhygw,f? olwdk@ nDtudk(2)a,muf oCFef;pnf;omoemhabmif0ifwkef; tpnf;ta0;wpfckrSm Adkvfwaxmif+rdK@e,fu ausmif;om;awGeJ@om awG@&+yD; +rdK@e,fwm0efcHeJ@ rawG@awmh &JausmfpGmta=umif; ar;=unfhcJhygw,f? oloCFef;0wfaewmudk od&awmh usaemf&,f/ w&kwf}uD;(c)wifa&$&,f ESpfa,mufom;ol&SdwJhbkef; }uD;ausmif;udkvdkufoGm;cJhygw,f? +yD;awmh “&JausmfpGm? rif;r&Sdvdk@wdkif;eJ@ rif;wdk@+rdK@e,f tquftoG,fjywf aew,f? vSkyf&Sm;rSkawG&Sdvdk@ rif;wdk@ +rdK@e,frSm rif;r&Sdvdk@ rjzpfbl;”ponfjzifh usaemfwdk@&Jh wdkufwGef;rSka=umifh &JausmfpGm wpfa,muf &ufraphcifrSmyJ oCFef;csGwfcJhygw,f? vl@abmifudk ul;ajymif;+yD; aemufwae@ ylylaEG;aEG;rSmyJ usaemfeJ@twl tzrf;chJ&wmyg? (&JausmdpGm[m 1990ckESpfrSm usaemfwdk@eJ@ twlwlaxmifuscJh+yD;/ 1993 ckESpfrSm vGwf+idrf;csrf;omcGifheJ@ jyefvnf vGwfajrmufoGm;cJhygw,f? jyifyrSm q,fwef; pmar;yGJudk 0ifa&mufajzqdkcJh+yD;/ &efukefpufr_ wuUodkvfudk wufcGifh&cJhygw,f? 'gayr,fh &JausmfpGm[m 1996ckESpf 'DZifbm ausmif;om;tcGifhta&; vSkyf&Sm;rSkrSm wufwufºuGºuG yg0ifcJhwma=umifh axmufvSrf;a&;&Jh zrf;qD;r_ udkjyefvnfcHcJh&+yD; axmif'%f(19)ESpf csrSwf cHcJh&ygw,f?) ppfa=uma&;udk jzwfoef;pOf (c) usaemfeJ@ &JausmfpGmudk zrf;qD;wifaqmifvmwJh [dkif;vwfum;[m &efukefwuUodkvfvd_ife,fajr ausmif;0if;xJutxGufrSmyJ usaemfwdk@(2)a,mufpvHk;acgif;pGyfawGeJ@ tpGyfcHvdkuf&ygw,f? usaemfwdk@ udkpGyfxm;wJh acgif;pGyftjzL[m aoG;awGayusHae+yD; vlwumudk &dkufESufxm;rSef; odomvSygw,f? av#mf zGwfxm;jcif; r&Sdwma=umifh acgif;pGwf&JhteH@[m tifrwefudk qdk;&Gm;vGef;ygw,f? usaemfwdk@udk wifaqmifvmwJhum;u [dkauG@/ 'DauG@eJ@ vrf;udkrrSwfrdEdkifatmif armif;aewmudk owdxm;rdygw,f? tcsdeftawmf=um armif;vm+yD; r=umcifrSmyJ um;udkpuf&yfvdkufum um;ay:uae usaemfwdk@udk qif;cdkif;ygw,f? yg;pyfu ae+yD;awmhvnf; “ausmf...ausmf” “cG...cGxm;”

“av;zufukef;oGm;” qdk+yD; qufwdkufatmf[pf ygw,f? quf+yD;awmh usaemfwdkk@udk “acgif; wdkufrdr,f? tay:rSmwef;&Sdw,f? iHk@iHk@.. cg;ukef;+yD;oGm;” vdk@ajymaeayr,fh usaemfwdk@udk trdef@ay;aewJh axmufvSrf;a&;&JhtoHuawmh usaemfwdk@&Jhtay:ydkif;u vmaewmqdkwm usaemf &dyfrdvdkufygw,f? um;ay:uae atmufa&mufawmh usaemfeJ@ &JausmfpGmwdk@ tcef;cGJ+yD; csKyfxm;vdkufygw,f? usaemf a&mufaewJhtcef;u arSmifrJvGef;+yD; bmrSrjrif&wma=umifh xdkif&rvdk/ x&rvdk jzpfaeygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm tcef;xJudk axmufvSrf;a&;wa,muf 0ifvm+yD; “acgif;pGwfudkrcsGwfeJ@aemf? csGwfvdk@uawmh romay:+yDomrSwf” vdk@}udrf;armif;+yD; jyefxGufoGm;ygw,f? 'gayr,fh usaemfa&mufaewJh vuf&Sdae&mudk avhvm zdk@twGuf acgif;pGyfudkenf;enf; r+yD; atmufudkiHk@=unfhvdkufawmh =urf;jyifrSm uGyf+ypfav;wck cif;xm; wmudk awG@&ygw,f? tJ'D uGyfjypfav;&Jh ab;rSm vrf;av#mufzdk@twGuf 1 ayausmfavmuf&SdwJhwHrHwvif; usOf;usOf; av;wpfck&Sdygw,f? quf+yD;tay:udkarmh=unfhvdkufawmh vlwufzdk@ rrSDEdkifavmufwJh ae&mavmufrSm 1ayywfvnf&SdwJh oHZumwpfcsyfeJ@ vkyfxm;wJh av0ifaygufwckudk awG@&ygw,f? usefwmawGuawmh tkwfeH&HawG csnf;oufoufygyJ? rdepfydkif;avmuft=umrSmyJ wHcg;zGifhoH=um;& +yD;/ tcef;xJudkk wpfa,muf0ifvmygw,f? uGyfypfay:rSmacgif;pGyfeJ@ usaemfxdkifwmudk awG@oGm;awmh “rif;udkb,folxdkifcdkif;vdk@vJ” vdk@ar;+yD;usaemfh &ifbwfudk vufoD;eJ@ wpfcsuf qifhxdk;vdkufygw,f? +yD;awmh “'Dtwdkif;rwfwyf&yfae? igaemufwacguf jyef0ifvmvdk@ xdkifaewmawG@&if 'Dhxufydkemr,f?” ajym+yD; jyefxGufoGm;ygw,f? r}umcifrSmyJ aemufxuf toH&Sifwpfa,muf xyfa&mufvm+yD; “a[haumif? nurif;b,frSmtdyfovJ” qdk+yD; par;w,f? “nu vSnf;wef;*Hk;qif;u......... wdk@tdrfrSmtdyfygw,f” “rif;rvdrfeJ@? yg;ydwf&dkufvdkufr,f? igwdk@udknmzdk@ pdwfrul;eJ@? tJ'Dnu igwdk@ vSnf;wef;rSm vm&Smw,f? rif;ajymwJhtdrfyJ? r&Sdbl;?” “wu,fyg? nu vSnf;wef;tdrfrSmyJ tdyfwmyg” “uJ..xm;vdkufyg? nu vSnf;wef;rSm tdyfw,fqdk&if +zdK;rif;odrf; tckb,frSmvJ?” “usaemfrodbl;? usaemf zmom wpfa,mufwnf;aewmyg?” “uJ...aumif;+yD? nuvSnf;wef;rSm tdyfw,fqdk&if b,frSmtdyfwmvJ? b,folawGeJ@ tdyfwmvJ” “r......... wdk@&Jh *Hk;qif;utdrfeJ@ uyf&yfu bkef;}uD;ausmif;rSmtdyfwmyg? udk+zdK;eJ@ oufaxG;wdk@ vnf;ygygw,f?” “bkef;}uD;u rif;wdk@udkvufcHxm;wJhoabmaygh” “r[kwfygbl;? ausmif;xdkifbkef;}uD;rodatmif nzuf q&mawmf}udrf;aewJh tcsdefusrS 0iftdyfwmyg? reuf q&mawmf tm&k%f qGrf;rpm;cif ausmif;wdkufu xGufygw,f” “nu +zdK;rif;odef;eJ@ oufaxG;u rif;eJ@ twlwltdyfw,fqdkawmh rif;eJ@tquftoG,f&SdrSmyJ” “'DaumifawGb,frSm tdyfw,fqdkwm rif;odrSmyJ” “rodygbl;? rae@nu rxifrSwfyJ qHkrd=uwmyg” “a[haumifrvdrfeJ@? [m... 'Daumifemawmhr,f? igwdk@rSm tcsdefodyfr&Sdbl;? a[haumifawG? 'Daumifhudk yHkpHay;vdkufprf;? 'Daumifpum;ajymwJh yHkpHudkyg r}udKufbl;? Av}uD;udkac:vdkuf? 'DrSmyHkpH armif;&r,fhaumif wpfaumifa&mufae+yDvkd@? igjyefvmvdk@ tajzr&ao;&if 'Daumifaum/ rif;wdk@yg em+yDomrSwfayawmh”

ajymqdk+yD; toH&Sif aysmufoGm;ygw,f? aemufawmh avoHcyfrmrmeJ@ toH&SifwpfOD; xyfay:vmyg w,f? olwdk@ajymaewJh Av}uD;qdkwmyJ jzpfr,fvddk@ usaemfawG;rdygw,f? “a[haumif” qdkwJhtoH}uD;ay:vm+yD; usaemfcE<mudk,fudk wGef;vkdufwJhtwGuf wcsuf,dkifxGufoGm;ygw,f? +yD;awmh “igwdk@udkjy\emr&SmeJ@? ar;wmrSefrSefajz/ rajzvdk@ txufu qlvmvdk@&Sd&if igwdk@yJtvkyf&Skyfw,f? rif;rSefrSefuefuefajym&if ckvdkrif;eJ@ig awG@p&mta=umif;r&Sdbl;? tjcm;aumifawGu rif;vdkjy\emr&Smbl;/ at;at;aq;aq;yJ ajzoGm;wm? acgif;rrmeJ@/ acgif;rm&if cGJypfr,f/ =um;vm;” “usGefawmfrSefrSefuefuefajzwmyJ/ rodwmudkrodbl;vdk@ ajymwmyJ” “-D;/ rSefrSefuefuefajymwmvm;? rif;rSefrSefuefuefrajymvdk@ igvm&wm” ajymajymqdkqdkusaemfh rsufESmudk vufoD;rsm; tqufrjywfypfoGif;wmudk &kwfw&uf cHvdkuf&w,f? usaemfhrsufESmeJ@ wudk,fvHk;udk tkwfeH&HeJ@ zduyfxm;+yD; “a[haumif/ rif;aumifawG &SdwJhae&mudk trSefajymrvm;/ rajymbl;vm;” qdk+yD;ar;ygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSmyJ aemufxyf toH&Sifwa,muf eHab;uaeay:vm+y;D “a[haumifawG/ 'DavmufxdrvkyfygeJ@uGm/ 'DaumifarmaerSmayhg/ nDav;uvnf; tudkwdk@ qDuar;wJh ar;cGef;awGudk vdrfvdrfrmrmeJ@ ajzvdkufyguGm/ trSeftrSeftwdkif;aygh? tcsdef=umvm&if rif;tom;emvdrfhr,f? rif;wdk@&JhEdkifiHa&;q&m}uD;awG udk,fwdkif jymqif;oGm;wJh a&=unftdkifqdkwmrif; =um;zl;rSm aygh/ igwdk@EdkifiHawmfrSm rjzpfoifhwmawG rjzpf&atmif wm;qD;zdk@wm0ef&Sdw,f? igwdk@u rif;udkaumif;aumif; rGefrGefar;ae&if aumif;aumif;rGefrGefajzvdkufaygh/ [kwf+yDvm;? tck +zdK;rif;odef;b,frSmvJ/ tjcm;tzGJ@ 0ifawGaum b,frSmvJ” “.........” “rif;wdk@eJ@ wpfzGJ@xJyJ/ rif;odygw,f? rSefrSefajymvdkufyg? tom;tem rcHprf;ygeJ@” avoH aysmhaysmh av;eJ@ qufajymygw,f? “udk+zdK;eJ@tjcm;olawGb,frSm&Sdw,fqdkwm usaemfrodygbl;? cifAsm;wdk@tckvdk usaemfwdk@udk zrf; aewmawG=um;vdk@ vHkjcHKwJhae&mrSm olwdk@tpDtpOfeJ@ olwdk@ykef;atmif;aerSmyJ” usaemfh&Jh jyefvnftajzay;wmudk vufrcHEdkif=uwJhtwGuf toH&Sifwa,mufu “rif;udkxdk;xm;wmrrSwfrdao;bl;vm;? a[haumif/ rif;ighudkbmaumifatmufarhaevdk@vJ? acG;rom;/ 'DvdkyHkpHrsdK;r&bl;uG/ 'DvdktcsdK;rsdK; vmcsdK;vdk@ r&bl;? rif;avmufuawmh taysmhayghuGm” toHawGcsufcsif; qla0wufoGm;ygw,f? “a[haumif/ 'l;auG;/ ajcudkcGJ/ ajczsm;axmuf/ vufajrmufxm;prf;” “'DavmufawmifrajymcsifwJhaumif/ opPm&Sdw,faygh/ at;... rif;eJ@igawG@=uao;wmaygh? &dkufae&if; t&Sdk;&mxifaeOD;r,f? rif;wdk@aooGm;vdk@ bDbDpD ruvdk@ ukvor*~ udkyJwdkifwdkif apmuf *&kr pdkufbl;uG/ bmatmufarhaevdk@vJ/ rif;igtckajymxm;wJh yHkpHtaetxm;u aeajymif;vm&if igudk tqdk; rqdkeJ@aemf” yxru avoHaysmhaysmheJ@ wpfa,mufu usaemfhab;uae+yD; “nDav;&m/ 'kuQrcHprf;ygeJ@/ rif;wdk@vlawGb,frSm&SdEdkifovJ/ uJ'Dnaum b,frSm tdyfEdkifrvJ” “.........” “rif;txifajym=unfhprf;uGm/ rif;wdk@rae@nu tdyfcJhwJhae&mrSmaum &SdEdkifrvm;/ +yD;awmh ckcsdefrif; wdk@tzGJ@awGb,frSmpkpnf;EdkifrvJ” aemufxyftoH&Sifwa,mufu...

“a[haumif/ acgif;rmzdk@ r}udK;pm;eJ@/ rif;wdk@tzGJ@0ifawG awmfawmfrsm;rsm; rd+yD;ae+yD/ 'Daumif awGajymvdk@ rif;udkzrf;Edkifwm/ opPm&Sdraeprf;ygeJ@uGm/ rif;rajymvnf;olwdk@uajymrSmyJ/ 'Dawmh rif;tom; temcHraeeJ@/ rae@nuae&mrSm&SdEdkifao;vm;/ tcsdefodyfr&Sdbl;/ jrefjrefajymuGm” “usGefawmfwdwdusus rajymEdkifbl;? rae@nu vSnf;wef;rSmzrf;qD;wmawGvkyfwm a=umifh rae@nuae&mrSm b,fenf;eJ@rS jyefrtdyfEdkifygbl;? olwdk@b,frSm&Sdw,fqdkwmvnf; usaemfrcef@rSef; wwfygbl;” usaemftajzt+yD;rSm 'DaumifawG ,rf;yHkrD;usjzpfoGm;w,f? “rat-dk;/ 'Davmufacgif;rmwJhaumif” ajymajymqdkqdkyJ ajcaxmufawGeJ@ usaemfhudk 0kdif;uef=uygw,f? 'l;auG;/ ajccGJxm;wJh taetxm;eJ@ yJ =urf;jyifay: usaemfyHkvJusoGm;ygw,f? 'DvdkyHkpHysufoGm;wJhtwGuf “[m... [m'DaumifyHkpHysufoGm;+yD/ &dkufprf;/ &dkufprf;” qdk+yD &dkufoHawGr=um;&yJ usaemfh ausmukef;/ rsufESmrsm;eJ@ &ifbufudk vufoD;eJ@ xdk;wmudk qufwdkuf cHpm;&jyefygw,f? vufoD; awGrsufESmudk c%c% a&mufvmwma=umifh emusifrSkeJh vufjzifhumvdkufrdygw,f? vufeJ@ umwma=umifh... “bmtumtuG,f vkyfwmvnf;/ rif;uigwdk@udk pdefac:wmvm;/ [kwfvm;/ rif;vufudk aemufjyefypfvdkufprf;” vdk@qdk+yD; usaemfhrsufESmudk vufoD;eJ@ qufxdk;=uygw,f? 0if+yD;xdk;ESufaewJh tcsdefrSmvnf; olwdk@ yg;pyfuae+yD; rat/ ESr eJ@wdkif;+yD;qJa&;wdkif;xGmjyefw,f? rSefrSefajymrvm;/ rajymbl;vm;vkd@vnf; w&Hrvyfar;aejyefw,f? olwdk@awG usaemfhudk pdwfauseyfavmufatmif xdk;ESuf+yD;wJhtcsdefusrS toHwck xyf0ifvmygw,f? “nDav;/ rif;oli,fcsif;awG rae@nuae&mrSm 'Dn&SdEdkifOD;rvm;” emusifrSk'%f&ma=umifha&m/ armyrf;wma=umifhyg usaemfbmrSjyefrajymEdkifawmhyJ acgif;udk iHk@jyvdkufygw,f? jiif;qefzdk@usaemfhrSm cGeftm;awGodyfrusefawmh... “at;...'DvkdrSaygh/ rif;tapm}uD;uwnf;uajym&if 'Dvdkawmifxdk;ESufcH&rSm r[kwfbl;” vdk@bkjywfjywfajymqdk+yD; olwdk@tm;vHkk; tcef;jyifzufudk xGufoGm;=uygw,f? 0kef;ueJ wHcg;ydwf oHudk =um;vdkuf&awmh oufjyif;wckudk csvdkufrdygw,f? aemufxyf(10)rdepfavmuf t=umrSm usaemfh tcef;qDudk OD;wnfvmaewJh ajcoHawGudk owdxm; =um;vdkuf&ygw,f? xifwJhtwdkif;yJ usaemfhtcef; wHcg;udk vmzGifhygw,f? apmapmuvdk rjzpfatmif uAsmuoDyJ rufwyf&yf aevdkufygw,f? wHcg;yGifhoGm;+yD; toHwck xGufay:vmygw,f? “bmvJ...rif;u rwfwyf&yf+yD; xGufajy;zdk@ }uHaewmvm;” qdk+yD; ueOD; ppGyfpGJygawmhw,f? +yD;awmh “rif;tusFDcsGwfprf;” qdk+yD; usaemfhudk t0wftpm;awG csGwfcdkif;ygw,f? +yD;awmh vHkcsnfudkvnf; csGwfcdkif;jyefygw,f? bmawGvkyfOD;rvJqdkwm rcef@rSef;rd ao;yg? 'gayr,fh usaemfhacgif;rSmpGyfxm;wJh acgif;pGyfudkawmh rcsGwfcdkif;ygbl;? t0wfawGcsGwf+yD;awmh ar;cGef;awG par;ygawmhw,f? “rif;taz...emrnf” usaemfh t0wftpm;awG jyef0wfvdk@ &+yDajymygw,f? usaemfhtusFDawG jyef0wf+yD;csdefrSm usaemfhemrnf/ usaemfhtaz emrnf/ usaemfhtoufygwJh opfom;qdkif;bkwf&Snf wpfckudk udkifxm;cdkif;ygw,f? aemufrS usaemfhacgif;u acgif;pGyfudkcsGwfzdk@ trdef@ay;ygw,f? usaemfvnf; acgif;pGyfudkcsGwf/ olwdk@ udkifcdkif;wJh qdkif;bkwfudk &ifbufem;rSm udkif+yD;"gwfyHk t&dkufcH&ygw,f? "gwfyHkudk

a&Shwnfhwnfh/ ab;wdkuf/ b,fnmeJ@ aemufausm pHkaeatmif&dkuf+yD; acgif;pGyfudk jyefpGyfcdkif;ygw,f? +yD;awmh usaemfhtcef;xJuae xGufoGm; =uygw,f? 'Dvl xGufoGm;+yD; awmfawmf=umonftxd wpfOD;wa,mufrS ay:rvmawmhyg? noef;acgifavmufrSm usaemfudk xm;wJhtcef;&J@ tay:wnfhwnfhu vufESdyfpuf &dkufaeoH wpfazsmufazsmufudk twdkif;om; =um;ae&ygw,f? eH&HawGay:u aºuG;a=umfoHawG (*) wdwfqdwfaewJh ppfa=uma&; pcef;}uD;a&Sh udk um;wpDD; xdk;qdkufoH =um;vdkuf&ygw,f? b,fol rsm; ygvmOD;rSmvJvdk@ awG;aewkef;rSmyJ usaemfhudkac:vmwkef;utwdkif; “cG/ ausmf/ ukef;” qdkwJhtoHawG=um;&awmh aemufxyfzrf;qD;vmrSef; usaemfodvdkufygw,f?c%t=umrSmyJ usaemf ,Ofyg;ae}utoHwckjzpfwJh acsmif;qdk;oH}uD;udk =um;vdkuf&awmh udk&uQD;(nDaxG;cdkif)udk 'DaumifawG zrf;ac:vmrSef; usaemf odvdkufygw,f? +yD;awmh usaemfhtcef;xJudk axmufvSrf;a&;awG 0ifvm+yD; bmrajym/ nmrajymeJ@qJqdk+yD; 0dkif;aqmifhuef =uygw,f? 'Dwcgawmh usaemfhudk yHkpHawGbmawGrvkyfcdkif;? bmrSrar;jref;ao;yJ ay:wif}uD; xdk;}udwf=uwmyg? olwdk@&Jh yg;pyfuae+yD;awmhvnf; “apmufwvGJawGajymwJhaumif/ vl}uD;awGudkoufouf tcsdefukef+yD; tvkyf&Skyfatmif vkyfwJh taumif? rif;ajymwJhae&mrSm-D;awmifrSr&Sdbl;” “at; olwdk@udkrzrf;rd&if rif;udkydk+yD; axmifcsypfr,frSwf? rif;eJ@aemufrS at;at;aq;aq; awG@=u ao;wmayghuGm/ rif;vdrfzdk@ pOf;pm; xm;vdkufOD;” vdk@ajymqdk+yD; jyefxGufoGm;=uygw,f? tjcm; ab;cef;aw/GuolawGudk ac:xkwfwJhtoHawG ppfar;aewJh toHawGa=umifh tdyfzdk@rjzpfEdkifawmhwma}umifh em;pGifhaevdkufygw,f? aq;wuUodkvfausmif;om;or*~eJ@ yufouf+yD; tjyeftvSef ajymqdkae=uwJ hom;n$ef@OD;&Jh toHudk =um;vdkuf&ygw,f? aemuf “usaemf rvkyfbl;/ usaemfrodbl;/ rodwmudk rodbl;vdk@ ajzwmyJ” qdk+yD; toHeuf}uD;eJ@ jiif;qdkoH ukvm;xdkifudkuefonfhtoH/ pm;yGJcHkudkxkonfhtoHrsm;eJ@ &Jarmfxl;&Jh toHoJhoJhudk=um;vdkuf&ygw,f? usGefawmftvSnfhaum b,fawmha&mufrvJ vdk@awG;+yD; pOf;pm;aevdkufygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm tcef;axmifhwpfckqDu “a[haumifukvm;..acG;rom;/ rif;wdk@ukvm;awGeJ@ Armjynf EdkifiHa&;bmqdkifvdk@vJ” qdk+yD;axmufvSrf;a&;&Jh qJqdkoH/ udkatmifxGef;&Jh jyefvnfjiif;qdk oHrsm;xGufay:vmygw,f? tJ'Dnuawmh vwfwavm tzrf;cHxm;&wJh usaemf/ udk&uQD;eJ@ &JausmfpGmwdk@udk zrf;qD;zdk@ aemufxyf usefao;wJholawG&SdEdkifr,fh ae&mudkom ar;jref;+yD; aemufxyfppfaq;r_awG bmawGrS qufrvkyfawmhyg? ppfaq;r_ jyKvkyfwJhtcgwdkif;vnf; ae@cif;zuf}uD;yJ jyKvkyfwmawmh r[kwfyg? rsm;aom tm;jzifh nzufrSmcsnf; jyKvkyfwmrsm;ygw,f? wcgw&H nzufppfaq;xm;vdk@ ae@zufrSm wa&;avmuf tdyfaecsdefrSmyJ twif;&dkufykwfppfaq;wmvnf; &Sdkygw,f? &uftenf;i,f=um vmwJhtcgrSm yifyef;EGrf;e,fr_'%f/ tdyfa&;ysufr_'%fawG qufwdkufcHpm;vm&awmh axmufvSrf;a&;uolwdk@udk rxDrJhjrifvkyfw,fqdk+yD; usaemfudkpGyfpGJygw,f? ppfaq;r_awG jyKvkyfwdkif;vnf; 'l;auG;/ ajccGJ/ vufajrmuf+yD; ppfaq;wmyg? tJ'Dvdk yHkpHrsdK;eJ@ (1)em&Davmuf =umvmawmh ajcawG/ vufawG anmif;udkuf+yD; wqwfqwfwkefvmygw,f?

'gudkaxmufvSrf;a&;u “yHkpHrysufeJ@aemf/ ysuf&ifaor,f”vdk@ +cdrf;ajcmufygw,f? wpf}udrfrSm tJ'Dvdk taetxm;rsdK;udk cHEdkif&nfr&Sdawmhvdk@ Akef;ueJ +ydKvJoGm;cJhygw,f? tJ'DtcgrSm axmufvSrf;a&;u “rif;yifyef;aerSmaygh/ uJuJ awmf+yD/ yHkpHajymif;r,f” qdk+yD; ausmufp&pfi,fav;awGudk wrefwvif;=urf;jyifrSm csxm;+yD; tJ'Dtay:rSm usaemfhudk 'l;axmufcdkif;ygw,f? 'l;axmuf xdkifcdkif;xm;&if;u yJ “rif;anmif;aerSmaygh” vdk@qdk+yD; usaemfhudk vufawG ajrSmufcdkif; xm;ygw,f?

ausmufp&pfcJawGay:rSm 'l;axmuf&wJh a0'em[m tifrwefrSudk qdk;&Gm;vGef;vSygw,f? 'gha=umifh tJ'D'%fudk qufjyD;onf;rcH Edkifwma=umifh yxr yHkpHtwdkif; 'l;auG;/ ajcaxmufcGJ taetxm;udk jyefa&mufoGm;ygw,f? usaemf wcsufowdxm;rdwmuawmh usaemfhudk ppfaq;r_awG jyKvkyfaewJh tcgrSmyJ usaemfhtcef;xJu tkwfeH&H ab;ywfywfvnfrSm a&;xm;wJh pmawGudkawG@&ygw,f? tJ'DpmawGudkzwf=unfhawmh tzrf;tqD;cH&+yD; axmifusoGm;wJh usaemfhwdk@xuf t&ifu ausmif;om;awG&Jh emrnf/ olwdk@yg0ifcJhwhJ v_yf&Sm;cJhwJh or*~/ tzGJ@tpnf;/ +yD;awmh olwdk@ aexdkifoGm;cJhwJh &ufpGJawGudk wmvDcsdK;ovdkrsdK; rSwfom;xm;wmawGudkvnf; awG@&ygw,f? wmvDjcpfwJhae&mrSm wpfcsdK@u(14)acsmif; jcpfw,f? wpfcsdK@u(7)acsmif;yJjcpfxm;+yD; qufjcpfxm;wmawmh rawG@&awmhyg? olwdk@b,fa&mufoGm;vJ/ axmifusoGm;wmvm;/ usaemftwGuf pOf;pm;p&mjzpfvmygw,f? aocsmwm wckuawmh 'Dtcef;xJrSm trsm;qHk;(7)&ufyJ xm;w,fqdkwm a&ShuwmvDjcpfxm;wJhyHkpHudk =unfh&if odomygw,f? wcdsK@pmom;awGudk usaemf av#mufzwf=unfhrdygw,f? “acG;awGuwdk@ausmif;om;awGudk udkufwmemw,f” “ig@ukdtukefajym&if jyefv$wfr,fajym+yD; tckxdtdrfjyefrydk@ao;bl;...” “'Dtcef;xJa&mufwJholrSefor# axmifus+yDomrSwf” “7 &uf&SdoGm;+yD” “tdrfjyefcsifbD...” “ig.OD;acgif;onf aoG;csif;csif;eDeDaeygap? n$wfum;rn$wf”‘olwdk@pum;udk,Hk+yD;av#mufrajymeJ@” “tar@udkowd&w,f...” “'Dtcef;u bk&m;awmifru,fEdkifbl;? qkrawmif;eJ@oli,fcsif;’pmvHk;awG[m ao;i,fvSjyD; tkwfeH&HrSm tkwfeDcJ/ uvpftc|ef/ yiftyftc|efawGeJ@SS xHk;okwfxm;wJheH&HrSm xGif;+yD; a&;xm;wmyg? axmufvSrf;a&;awGu 'Dtcef;xJu pmawGudk rjrif=uwmvm;/ rjrifcsifa,mifyJ aqmifae=uwmvm;/ zsufypfzdk@yJolwdk@awG tcsdefr&=uwmvm; usaemf rajymwwfawmhyg? bmyJajymajym ppfa=uma&;pcef;xJrSm 'Dtwdkif;&Sdaeygw,f? usaemfvnf; t&ifwkef;u ausmif;om; awGenf;wl usaemfhemrnfeJ@ usaemfvkyfudkifwJh tzGJ@tpnf;&Jhtrnfudk usaemfaewJh ppfa=uma&; pcef;xJu eH&HwckrSm aevif;(t.u.o)vdk@a&;xdk;cJ@ygw,f? tjcm;tcef;awGudk ppfaq;wJhtcsdefrSmyJ usaemfheab;utcef;u“aygufp/ yjcKyfxJutaumifudk ,lcJhprf;/ 'Daumif aumif;aumif;rajzcsifbl;” vdk@ajym+yD;odyfr=umcifrSmyJ &Jarmfxl;tcef;xJu a=umufvef@w=um; atmf[pfoHudk =um;vdkuf&ygw,f? usaemfvnf; wudk,fvHk; qwfueJ wkefoGm;ygw,f? yjcKyfxJu taumifqdkwm bmaumifrSef;vnf; rodygbl;? +yD;awmh udk,fhtvSnfhvnf; b,fawmha&mufrvJqdk+yD; awG;aerdum aovdkufcsifpdwf ay:vm ygawmhw,f? usaemfqdk&if bk&m;udk t}udrf}udrf w+yD; qkawmif;aerdygw,f? jrefjrefvGwfajrmufygapqdkwJh qkrsdK;awmhr[kwfbl;? axmifjrefjrefydk@ ygapvdk@yJ qkawmif;rdygw,f? axmifudkydk@ vdkuf&if axmufvSrf;a&;&Jh trsdK;rsdK; nSif;yrf;ESdyfpufaewJh vufu vGwfajrmufrSmrdk@ygyJ? usaemfh&Jh vuf&Sdtaetxm;eJ@qdk&if jyefrvGwfzdk@ &mE_ef;ayguf aocsmaeygw,f?

tdrfomxJuaomufa& (C) usaemfudk p+yD;ppfaq;awmh usaemfhtcef;uae oD;oef@ tcef;xJudk ac:oGm;ygw,f? +yD;awmh usaemfhudk p+yD;ppfaq;ygw,f? “rif;u rif;tdrfrSmrtdyfawmh b,frSmoGm;tdyfwmvJ/ b,ftdrfawGu rif;udkvufcHxm;ovJ” usaemfvnf;udk,fhudku,fwifxm;cJhwJh aus;Zl;&Sif xrif;&SifawGudk 'kuQa&mufapr,fh tjzpfrsdK; ra&mufapzdk@ twGuf olwdk@ar;wJhar;cGef;udk owdxm; ajzqdk+yD; rEWav;eJ@ &efukef+rdK@u bkef;}uD; ausmif;awG rSmcdkuyf aexdkifcJh&w,fvdk@ jyefajzqdkcJhygw,f? tJ'DrSmowdjyKrdwm wpfckuawmh axmufvSrf;a&;awG[m pHkkprf;ppfaq;rSkwpfck vkyfwJhtcgwdkif; olwdk@&Jh tpGrf;tpeJ@bmrS pHkprf;xm;wmr&SdyJ usaemfwdk@&Jh xGufqdkcsufawGudkom tomav;rSwf+yD; +cdrf;ajcmuf/ [def;a[muf+yD;rS vkdufa&;om; rSwfwrf;vkyfwmudk omawG@&ygw,f? 'gtjyif jyifyrSm usaemfwdk@wawG vSkyf&Sm;r_awG twlwl jyKvkyfcJh=uwJh &JabmfawG wcsdefwnf;/ wpf+ydKifwnf;rSm tzrf;tqD;cH&wJhtcgrsdK;rSm qdkvdk@&Sd&if xGufqdkcsufawG rwlnDwJh xGufqdkr_rsdK;awG &SdcJh&if usaemfwdk@&Jh vdrfvnfr_uay:oGm;+yD; jyefvnfppfaq;wmawG/ &dkufESufwmawG jyKvkyfcH&ygw,f? ppfaq;aewJh &ufawGxJu wpf&ufrSm usaemfhudk olwdk@awG ae@vnfydkif;rSm ppfaq;ygw,f? p+yD;ppfaq;csdefxJu xrif;vnf;rausG;/ a&vnf;rwdkuf/ tayghtyg; oGm;cGifhawmifray;wma=umifh usaemfhrSm 'kuQ pa&mufygawmhw,f? olwdk@ar;or#ajzae&if;u tmacgifawGajcmufuyfvmwma=umifh usaemf a&wpfcGufavmuf aomufcsifygw,f vdk@ajymawmh r&ao;bl;qdk+yD; jyefajzygw,f? a&iwfvmwma=umifh olwdk@ar;or#quf rajzEdkifavmufatmifudk vluarm[dkufvm+yD; a&aomufcsifpdwfrsm; xdef;rEdkifatmif jzpfrdygw,f? usaemfhab;cef;u &Jarmfxl;uvnf; a&aomufcsifwm&,f/ qD;oGm;csifwm&,f udkawmif;qdkwJh toHudk=um;vdkuf&ygw,f? tJ'Dawmh &Jarmfxl;tcef;xJu axmufvSrf;a&;u a&aomufcsif&if ao;r ayguf&bl;? ao;aygufcsif&if a&raomufbl;vdk@ ajym+yD; }udKufwma&G;cdkif;ygw,f? tJ'DtcgrSm &Jarmfxl;u ol@rSm a&vnf;tifrwef iwfaea=umif;/ qD;vnf; qufratmifhEdkifawmhvdk@ udkufaea=umif; awmif;awmif; yefyefeJ@ jyefajymygw,f? 'gayr,fh axmufvSrf;a&;&Jh “a[haumif/ rif;udk vlvdkajymaewm em;rvnfbl;vm;/ rif;tvkyf wckwnf;r[kwfbl;/ igrSm tjcm;tvkyf&Sdao;w,f? jrefjrefajym wpfckyJ&r,f” qdkwJhtoH}uD;u [def;xGuf vmygw,f? &Jarmfxl;vnf; qD;yJoGm;awmhr,fqdk+yD; tdrfomudk tjrefydk@ cdkif;ygawmhw,f? usaemfvnf; &Jarmfxl;tcef;zufu udpP+yD;vkd@ em&D0ufavmuf t=umrSmyJ usaemfha&S@pm;yGJrSm xdkif+yD; usaemfajymor#udk vdkufa&;aewJh owW0gudk“tudk/ usaemfqD;oGm;csifvdk@” vdk@ajymvdkufawmh owW0gu pdwfajymif;oGm;+yD; “at;/ vdkufydk@ay;r,f” vdk@jyefajymygw,f? usGefawmfvnf; tcGifhta&;&wkef; ajymOD;rSqdk+yD;“tudk/ usaemfreufuwnf;u a&vnf;raomuf&ao;bl;/ a&aomufcsifygw,f?” ajymawmh“a&aomufcsif&ifawmh ao;raygufbl;/ ao;aygufcsif&if a&raomuf&bl;/ wpfck&r,f/ tcka&,lrvm;/ qD;awmhroGm;&bl;/ atmifhxm;/ 'Dtcef;xJrSm oGm;vdk@uawmh rif;udk,fwdkif v#meJ@jyefvsuf&r,f” usaemfhudkjyef+yD; jcdrf;ajcmufygawmhw,f? usaemfvnf; a&raomuf&vnf;aeygap/ qD;yJoGm;awmhr,fvdk@ tajzjyefay;vdkufygw,f? tJ'D awmh axmufvSrf;a&;uae quf+yD; “rif;wdk@ udka&rwdkufwm ao;c% c%aygufvkd@/ igwdk@tdrfom vdkufydk@ &wm tvkyf&Skyfvdk@ rwdkufwm&Sif;+yDvm;/ uJtdrfom oGm;r,f” usaemfudktdrfom vdkufydk@ygw,f? tdrfomudka&mufawmh qD;udkt&ifoGm;+yD; tdrfomxJu a&udk aomufa&tjzpf oufrSwf+yD; tirf;r& t0aomufvdkufygw,f? +yD;rS usaemfhyg;pyfudk aoaocsmcsm jyef

okwfygw,f? wpf&ufavmuf a&iwfaevdk@ tdrfomxJua&udk aomufvdkuf&wmeJ@ tawmfhudk vef;vef; qef;qef; jzpfoGm;ygw,f? usaemfhtmacgifawGjyef+yD; pdkpGwf vmygawmhw,f? wpf&ufrSmawmh nuusGefaemfhudk wpfnvHk;ppfaq;xm;vdk@ yifyef;+yD; tdyfarmusaewkef; usaemfh tcef;wHcg;udk zGifhwJhtoH=um;vdk@ &kwfw&wfvef@ Edk;oGm;ygw,f? xifwJhtwdkif;yJ usaemfhajcaxmufudk zdeyf awGeJ@uef+yD; twif;xcdkif;ygw,f? “a[haumif...xprf;/ rif;'dkif,m&DpmtkyfxJu(MT 380/54)qdkwm bmoauFwvJ” usaemfu usaemfholi,fcsif;wpfa,mufjzpfwJh a'gyHk+rdK@e,fu tajccHynmausmif;om; jrwfoludk axmufvSrf;a&;u vGefcJhwJhtywftwGif;u zrf;qD;cJh+yD; w&m;&Hk;xkwfcJha=umif;/ trSkudkif&JrS jrwfoltm; yk'fr380/54 jzifh trSkzGifhta&;,lcJha=umif;/ tJ'DudpPtm;odI rSwfom;xm;jcifjzpfa=umif; aoaocsmcsm &Sif;jyygw,f? 'gayr,fh axmufvSrf;a&;t&m&Sdu ,Hk=unfyHkraygufyJ “rif;rvdrfeJ@...'gawmxJurdk;oD;ZGefeJ@ yufoufwJh tquftoG,foauFwr[kwfvm;” qdk+yD;wzufoufpwif pGyfpGJygawmhw,f? usaemfur[kwfa=umif; jiif;qdkygw,f? 'gbmoauFwvJqdk+yD; xyfxyfwvJvJ r&ru ar;ygw,f? olwdk@auseyfavmufwJh tajzr&wma=umifh 'l;auG;/ ajccGJ/ vufajrSmuf taetxm;eJ@(1)em&Davmufaecdkif;ygw,f? yHkysuf&if 'gvmr,fqdk+yD; ukvm;xdkifay:u wa,mufu +cdrf;ajcmufygw,f? bmvmrvJqdkwm olujyayr,fh usaemfhacgif;u acgif;pGyfa=umifh rjrif&yg? aemufc%aeawmh rif;rSefrSefajzrvm;vdk@ ar;cGef;xyfxkwfygw,f? usaemfvnf; tdyfaewJhtcsdef 0kef;'dkif;}uJ+yD; r[kwfwmawG vmpGyfpGJaeawmh awmfawmf a'goxGufoGm;ygw,f? r[kwfwmudk twif;t"rR 0efcHcdkif;aewma=umifh “cifAsm;wdk@ pGyfpGJwm rSm;ae+yD/ usaemfajymwmudk r,Hkbl;qdk&if tif;pdefaxmifrSm tcsKyfb0eJ@ csKyfcHxm;&wJh jrwfolqdkwm rvGwfao;bl;/ &Sdw,f/ cifAsm;wdk@ r,Hk&ifpHkprf;=unfhEdkifw,f? usaemfajymwm r[kwf&if }udKufwJhtjypfay;Edkifw,f” usaemfa'go xGufxGufeJ@ jyefajymvdkufw,f? “at;/ igwdk@pHkprf;=unfhOD;r,f? r[kwfvdk@uawmh rif;ydkem+yDomrSwf” aemufwckuawmh usaemfholi,fcsif; bkef;bkef;u ab;tEW&m,f uif;atmifqdk+yD; ay;xm;wJh tif;av; azmifawmfOD;bk&m;u ydwfpteDav;u axmufvSrf;a&;&Jh tEW&m,fu rumuG,fEdkifyJ trSkyg xyfwufvdkufygao;w,f? usaemfhudk ppfaq;aepOfrSm usaemfzrf;rdcH&pOfu usaemfeJ@twlygvmwJh tdwfeJ@ tjcm; ypPnf;awGudk wpfa,mufu,lvm+yD; tcef;xJ0ifvmygw,f?+yD;awmh “a[haumif/ 'DteDa&mifu ydwfpvm;/ vufyufvm;/ ezl;pnf;vm;/ tcsdef;tcsufvkyfwJhoauFw vm;” “usGefawmfu bmoauFwrSr[kwfygbl;vdk@ ajym+yD; 'DypPnf;[mtif;av;azmifawmfOD; bk&m;u pGef@wJh ouFef;pjzpfa=umif;/ tJ'DouFef;prSm tif;av;azmifawmfOD; a*gyutzGJ@&Jh wHqdyfwHk;vnf; yga=umif; &Sif;jyvkdufygw,f? tJ'Daemufydkif; 'DudpPeJ@yufouf+yD; bmrSqufrar;awmhvdk@ +yD;qHk;oGm;+yD xifayr,fh usaemfhtr_udk ppfcHk&Hk;rSmwif+yD;ppfwJh tcgusawmh cGyfa'gif;wHqdyfyg teDa&mifvufywfqdk+yD; oufaocH ypPnf; tjzpfeJ@ wifygw,f? tif;av;azmifawmfOD;bk&m;u ouFef;p[m e0w&Jh ppfcHk&Hk;a&mufawmhrS cGyfa'gif;vufyufb0udk csufcsif; ajymif;oGm;vdk@ usaem fwtHhw=o jzpfoGm;rdygw,f?

a,mufzudk=uufOwdkufjcif; (i) usaemfwdk@ tajccHynmausmif;om;or*~(&efukefwdkif;)uae+yD; e0w&Jh vl@tcGifhta&; csdK;azmuf wJhudpPwpfckeJ@ yufoufvdk@ a=ujimcsuf wpfapmifxkwfjyefum jynfoltrsm;odapzdk@twGuf jzef@a0cJh ygao;w,f? tJ'D a=ujimcsufxJrSm &efukef+rdK@/ =unfhjrifwdkif+rdK@e,frSm&SdwJh ordkif;0if vGwfvyfa&;&yfuGufzsuf odrf;cH&a=umif;/ vGwfvyfa&;&yfuGuf[m ArmjynfvGwfvyfa&; r&cif 1347ckESpfwkef;u AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;eJ@tzGJ@ t*FvefEdkifiHrSm vGwfvyfa&;&r,fvdk@ yxOD;qHk;ajymqdkcJhwJh tcsdefrSm jynfol trsm;u vGwfvyfa&;&Jh a&Shajy;erdwfwcktjzpfeJ@ vGwfvyfa&;&yfuGufvdk@ uifyGef;wyfcJhwJh ordkif;0if&yfuGuf wpfckjzpfa=umif;/ 'gayr,fh e0w&JhppfwyfrS ordkif;0ifvGwfvGyfa&;uGufudk twif;t"rR tiftm;oHk;+yD; &yfuGufvHk;usGwf tpkvdkuftjyHKvdkuf ajymif;a&$haea=umif;/ xdkjynfolrsm;udk+rdK@opfrsm;okd@ t"rRydk@aqmifae a=umif; azmfjyxm;ygw,f? tJ'Da=ujimcsufpmapmifudk axmufvSrf;a&;awGu &&SdoGm;ygw,f? tJ'Dpm&Gufudk axmufvSrf;a&;u aoaocsmcsmzwf&_@+yD; “rif;wdk@u ordkif;0if&yfuGufav;/ bmav;eJ@/ b,fae&mzsufzsuf/ b,fae&mydk@ydk@ rif;wdk@tyl bmygvJ” avoHrmrmeJ@ajymygw,f? pmapmif&Jh atmufzufydkif;ku rdwWLudk EdkifiHjcm;oH&Hk;rsm;tm;vHk; (xdkif;EdkifiHrSty)ESifh EdkifiHjcm;owif;Xmetm;vHk;(vkyfom;jynfol@ ae@pOfowif;pmrSty) vdk@a&;om;xm; wmudk awG@oGm;awmh pm;yGJcHkudk ol@&Jhvuf0g;eJ@&dkuf+yD; “a[haumif/ vkyfom;jynfol@ ae@pOfowif;pmuaum owif;Xmewpfck r[kwfbl;vm;? rif;wdk@yaxG;awGudk tm;udk;w,f [kwfvm;”qdk+yD; usaemfh&ifbwfudkvufoD;eJ@ wpfcsuf ypfxdk;vdkufygw,f? “rif;em;vnfatmifajymvdkufr,f/ igwdk@zmom b,f&yfuGufa&$@a&$@ rif;tylrygbl;/ rif;eJ@ bmqdkif vdk@vJ/ taeom}uD;uG/ 'gEdkifiHawmft}uD;tuJawG&Jh apwem/ tJ'Dapwemudk apmfum;w,f vlujzifh wrdkufavmufyJ&Sdao;w,f/ vlyg;0vdk@/ rif;ub,favmuf em;vnfvdk@vJ” “.........” “rif;wdk@yaxG;awG toHv$ifhXmeu ajymwmawGudk t[kwf}uD;xif+yD; odyf,HkraeeJ@? rif;acgif;xJrSm +rJ+rJrSwfxm;/ rif;odxm;zdk@u tckwdkif;jynfudktkyfcsKyfaewJh ol[m b,folvJ” “.........” “a&ajr@ocifuG/ rif;... uG? rif;}um;zl;vm;” “=um;zl;ygw,f” “at;/ 'DEdkifiH&Jh a&/ ajrawGudk ydkifqdkifwJh ocifuG/ b,fajrrqdkydkifw,f/ oltkyfcsKyfwJhtcsdefrSm olvkyfcsifovdk vkyfvdk@&w,f” “.........” “rif;udk&Sif;&Sif;bJajymr,f/ ocsFdKif;ukef;uajrutp rif;rdef@/ rif;tm%meJ@ a&G@vdk@&w,f?ukefukef ajymr,fuGm/ rif;wdk@ taztaraewJh ae&mawGudkawmif tckz,f/ zsufqdk csufcsif;zsufypf&r,f/ em;vnfvm;” wif;wif;aphxm;wJh usaemfhtHoGm;awGudk zd}udwfxm;vdkufw,f? ausmif;om;v_yf&Sm;r_ owif;awGudk oH&Hk;awGudkay;ydk@cJ@wmeJ@ yufouf+yD;awmh axmufvSrf;a&;uquf+yD;ar; ygw,f?

“rif; oH&Hk;awGudk b,fvkdyHkpHeJ@ owif;ay;wmvJ” “oH&Hk;u owif;Xmeudk 'Dtwdkif;yJoGm;ay;ygw,f” “olwdk@u 'Dtwdkif;yJvufcHovm;” “[kwfuJh/ vufcHygw,f” “bmowif;awGrif;ydk@cJhovJ” “ausmif;om;v_yf&Sm;r_ owif;rSefor#ydk@ cJhygw,f” “b,fESpf}udrfavmufydk@jzpfvnf;” “usaemfta&twGuf aoaocsmcsm rrSwfrdygbl;” “'gqdk trsm;}uD;jzpfrSmaygh” “usaemfc%c% roGm;&Jygbl;/ oH&Hk;tjyifzufrSm axmufvSrf;a&;awG &Sdaew,fqdkvdk@yg” “tJ'Dvdk rif;u oH&Hk;awGudk owif;ay;awmh oH&Hk;awGu rif;udkbmjyefay;vJ” “bmrSjyefray;bl;” “a[haumif ayghayghqq rajzeJ@/ oGm;usdK;oGm;r,f/ igajymwm oH&Hk;urif;udk OyrmuGm tar&duef a':vmrsdK;/ 'gr[kwfrodrom rif;udkowif;ay;vdk@ jyefay;wJhyHkpHrsdK; r[kwfyJ rif;twGufvufaqmif vdkaxmufyHhwmrsdK; bmay;zl;vJ” “usGefawmfbmrSr&ygbl;/ usaemfu0g'jzef@ &HkoufoufygyJ/ bmtaxmuftyHhrSr&ygbl;/ urBmudk odatmif 0g'jzef@ wmwckwnf;ygyJ” “bmvdk@urBmudkawmfawmftm;udk;ae&wmvJ/ rif;wdk@u qlqlylyljzpfatmifvkyf/ igwdk@u rjzpfoifhwmawG rjzpfatmif udkifwG,f&if rif;wdk@u r[kwfrrSefwmawG owif;ay;/ urBmuigwdk@udk todtrSwf rjyKatmifvkyf/ [kwfvm;/&w,f/ igwdk@ubmrSrjzpfbl;/ rif;wdk@yJ'kuQa&mufrSm/ urBmu tqufjzwfawmhvJ bmjzpfvJ/ a[haumif 26ESpfvHk;vHk; b,fol@taxmuftyHhrS r,lyJaecJhwmuG/ 8888 aemufwcg jzpfawmhaum 0efxrf;awG&Sdor#/ aumfydka&;&Sif;&Sdor# tukeftukef oydwfarSmuftHk;/ wdk@rSm wyf&Sdw,f/ 'dk@wyfrawmfrSm q&m0efawG&Sdw,f/ tif*sifeD,mawG/ todynm&Sif twwfynm&Sif wyfrawmf om;awG&Sdw,f/ tpdk;&,EW&m; &yfoGm;r,frxifeJ@/ wufwufpifvGJoGm;r,f/ aemufigwdk@ tpdk;&vl}uD;awG tkyfcsKyfwkef; 8888vdkyHkpHrsdK; xyfrjzpfap&bl;/ rSwfxm;?” “.........” “rif;wdk@ a':atmifqef;pk=unf qdkwmuvnf; wdkif;jynftwGuf bmwpfckvkyfay;cJhwm&SdvJ/ rif; pOf;pm;=unfh/ ol@tazt&SdefeJ@/ AdkvfcsKyfqdkwmuGm rif;wdk@u pmtkyfav;zwf/ tmZmenfae@a&mufrS tav;jyKzl;wmyg? igwdk@wyfrawmfxJrSm ae@wdkif; tav;jyKopPmqdkaewmuG/ rif;wdk@xufydkcspfw,f/ wdkif;jynftwGuf bmwpfckrS tepfemcHcJhwm r&SdyJeJ@ ol@taraeraumif;wmvm&if; zsm0ifcif;wm/ ay:wif}uD; yguGm” a':atmifqef;pk=unfeJ@ yufouf+yD; pmeJ@a&;jyzdk@ roifhawmfaom pum;vHk;rsm;jzifh quf+yD; ajym qdkygw,f? a':atmifqef;pk=unfudk yk*d~Kvfa&;t& ykwfcwf+yD; atmufwef;usaom toHk;tE_ef; rsm;jzifh apmfum; ajymjyefygw,f? tm;&atmif ajymqdk+yD;rS usaemfhudk ppfaq;aewm jyefpygw,f? “rif;oH&Hk;awGudk owif;ydk@awmh oH&Hk;urif;udk owif;wyk'f b,favmufay;vJ” “usGefawmfwpfjym;rSr&ygbl;” “rif;vdrfaewm” qdk+yD; 'Dar;cGef;udkyJ xyfwvJvJ jyefar;ygw,f? usaemfuvnf; jyefjiif;ygw,f? (2)}udrfavmuf jiif;+yD;wJhtcgusawmh aemufwa,mufu usaemfhyg;udk bmrajym/ nmrajymeJ@ 0if&dkuf ygawmhw,f? usaemfvnf; &kwfw&uf}uD; cHvdkuf&wmrdk@ rsufvHk;awG jymqif;oGm;ygw,f?

acsG;ap;awGjyefvm+yD; touf&_usyfvmygw,f? &dkufESufr_[m c%av;yJ =umw,fqdkayr,fh 0dkif;+yD; xdk;ESuf=uwma=umifh aysmhacGoGm;ovdk jzpfoGm;ygw,f? xdk;ESufr_u wpfa,mufwnf; r[kwfwmuawmh usdef;aoygw,f? “oH&Hk;urif;udk b,favmufay;vJ” “wpfjym;rSray;ygbl;” usaemfqDu tajzjyef&awmh usaemfhvufESpfzufudk aemufjyefypf+yD; rsufESmudk tkwfeH&HeJ@ jym;aeatmif uyfcdkif;ygw,f? rif;udkuyfcdkif;wm tJ'DvdkyHkpHr[kwfbl;uG vdk@qdk+yD; usaemfhcE<mudk,fudk aemufuae wtm;aqmifh+yD; zdvdkufygw,f? usaemfhrsufESmudk tkwfeH&HeJ@ awhqdkifxm;+yD; qHyifudk aemufuae aqmifhqGJ xm;vdkufw,f “rif;rSefrSefajzrvm;/ rajzbl;vm;” “igwdk@udk a'goxGufatmif vmrprf;eJ@/ rif;udkoH&Hk;u bmjyefay;vJ” “wu,f bmrSray;ygbl;” usaemfh toHawG wkef&Daewmudk owdxm;&if;uyJ jyefajzvdkufygw,f? usaemfh qHyifudk qGJxm;&if;u tkwfeH&HeJ@ wpfcsufaqmifhcHvdkuf&ygw,f? “a[haumif/ acgif;rrmeJ@” “usaemftom;temcH+yD; ayuyfuyfvdrfaewm r[kwfygbl;/ um,uH&SifawGtodqHk;yJ/ wu,fudk wpfjym;qdk wpfjym;rSr&bl;/ olwdk@uvnf; usaemfhudkray;zl;bl;/ cifAsm;wdk@ auseyfatmifvdrf +yD;xGufqdk ay;&rSmvm;/ 'gqdk cifAsm;wdk@u oH&Hk;uusGefawmfudk bmawGay;w,fvdk@ xGufqdkapcsifvJ/ usaemfajymr,f” tJ'DrSm eH&HrSmuyfxm;wJholu usaemfhcE<mudk,fudk jyefcGm+yD; ppfaq;zdk@ taetxm;twdkif; 'l;auG;/ ajccGJ/ vufajrSmufcdkif;ygw,f? awmfawmfeJ@ rppfaq;ao;ygbl;/ aemufrS “a[haumif/ tarausmf a'G;awmf vGrf;w,fqdkwJh pum;vHk;udkem;vnfvm;” “[kwfuJh/ em;vnfygw,f” “-D; em;vnfwmvm;/ rif;em;vnf&if 'Dudka&mufvmp&m ta=umif;r&Sdbl;/ igwdk@vnf;rif;udk ppfaq;p&mr&Sdbl;/ rif;wdk@udk tcsdefawGukef/ vlawGukefeJ@ rjzpfoifhwmawG rjzpf&atmif zrf;&/ qD;&/ xdef;odrf;&eJ@ vl}uD;awGu tem*gwf EdkifiHawmfwnfaqmufwJh tvkyfawGudk vkyfaewmuG/ rif;wdk@vdk zsufqD;wJh aumifawG&Sdvdk@ wdk;wufa&;vkyfief;awG aESmifhaES;ae&wm/ uJajymprf;ygOD;/ tar ausmfa'G;awmf vGrf;w,f qdkwmudkrif;od&if” “rdcift&if;udk ausmf+yD; rdaxG;udk wrf;wwmudk ajymwmyg?” “at;/ rif;wdk@u tJ'gxufawmifqdk;ao;w,f/” “a,mufzudk =uufOwdkufwJhaumifawG/” “a,mufzudk =uufOwdkufw,fqdkwm rif;odvm;/ a,mufzudk =uufOwdkufawmh rif;nDryJ emrSmaygh?” “.........” “rif;rSmnDr&Sdvm;” “r&Sdygbl;” “tr&Sdvm;” “r&Sdygbl;” “tarawmh&Sdw,fr[kwfvm;” “&Sdygw,f” “.........” “at;/ rif;tarae&mrSm rdaxG;xm;=unfhprf;/ rif;vufcHrvm;”

“.........” “rat-dk;ykqdef&dk;awG/ a[haumif rif;wdk@'Davmufawmif oH&Hk;awGudk tm;udk;+yD; owif;awG[dkydk@/ 'Dydk@vkyfaewm rif;wdk@tusdK;tjrwfwpfckckawmh&vdk@jzpf&r,f? bmawG&vJ/ rSefrSefajzprf;/” “usaemfwu,fajymwmyg/ bmrSr&ygbl;” “-D;bmrSr&yJ 'Dtvkyfudkvkyfrvm;uG/ apmuft"dy`g,fr&SdwmawG vmajymraeeJ@/ a[haumif 'DaumifawG rif;wdk@udkbmawGckdif;ao;vJ” “bmrSrcdkif;ygbl;” “a[haumif/ apmufwvGJawG ajymraeeJ@/ rif;tar/ rif;ESrawGudk 'Dukvm;jzLawGeJ@ qufqH&rSmudk rif;wdk@u vdkvm;w,faygh/ rif;udkigwdk@ tckv$wfay;vdkuf&ifvnf; rif;yaxG;awGqDudk oGm;+yD; &ifzGifhOD;r,f r[kwfvm;/ ajymprf;ygOD;” “rajymygbl;” “at;/ rif;rajymvJ/ v$wfray;bl;/ rif;wdk@awGu wdkif;jynfudk zsufqD;aewJh aumifawGyJ/ rif;wdk@udk,fcsif;rpmwJhaumifawG/ rif;wdk@t&G,f oli,fcsif;awGxJrSm at;at;csrf;csrf; ynmoif=um;csif=u wJh olawG&Sdw,f? rif;wdk@awG tckvdkt"dy`g,fr&Sd av#mufvkyfvdk@ olwdk@av;awG trsm;}uD;xdcdkufw,f? qefukefajrav;awG/ vrf;ray:rSm t"dy`g,fr&Sd [kdygwDvl}uD;ucdkif;/ [dkoH&Hk;ucdkif;eJ@ rif;wdk@t[kwf}uD; atmufarh+yD; av#mufvkyf/ tzrf;cH&awmh rif;wdk@yJ t&ifqHk; tzrf;cH&wm/rif;wdk@udk cdkif;wJhvl}uD;awGurygovdk/ rqdkifovdk ESyfae=uwm/ rif;wdk@u bmrSrodwJh ajrZmyifawG/ cdkif;or# av#mufvkyf/ igwdk@utay:uae tukefjrifw,f/ odw,f/rif;wdk@aemufrSm bmawG&Sdw,fqdkwmodw,f” “aumif;+yD/ rif;wdk@ atmfcsif&if atmfvdk@&atmif/ awmif;csifwmawmifvdk@ &atmif/ rif;wdk@eJ@oifhawmfwJh ae&mydk@ay;r,f/ tJ'Dae&ma&mufrS rif;wdk@ vdkcsifwmtukefawmif;/ =um;vm;” zufqpfwyfrawmf&Jh aumif;rGefr_awGudk csD;rGrf;cef;zGifh+yD;(7)&ufajrmufwJhae@rSm usaemfhacgif;u rsufESmzHk;udk csGwfcdkif;ygw,f? +yD;awmh usaemfh&Jh xGufqdkcsufawGudk vufESdyfpufeJ@ &dkufxm;wJh pm&GufawGrSm vufrSwfxdk;cdkif;ygw,f? tJ'Dpm&GufxJrSm bmawGygw,f/ bmawGa&;xm;w,fqdkwm jyefvnfzwfcGifhray;yJ vufrSwfudkyJ xdk;cdkif;wmyg? olwdk@a&;xm;wJh pm&GufawGay:rSm vufrSwfxdk;aepOf olwdk@&JhrsufESmawGudk usaemfrjrif&atmif usaemfhacgif;udk pm;yGJcHkeJ@ eD;eD;uyfuyf iHk@cdkif;xm;ygw,f? usaemfhudk ppfaq;wJh axmufvSrf;a&;wpfa,muf olzwfzdk@,lvmwJh r*~Zif;pmtkyfudk usaemfvSrf;=unfhrdygw,f? tJ'Dr*~Zif;pmtkyfausmzHk;u a&$ykZGefudwfrkef@ a=umfjimay:rSm pnf;wHqdyf wpfckudk awG@&vkd@ trSwfrxif =unfhvdkufawmh “trSwf(7)wyfrawmfaxmufvSrf;a&;wyf/ pm=unfhwdkuf” qdkwm udkawG@ &ygw,f? tr_wGJawGeJ@ twl tcsKyfodk@ (p) naexrif;udk jrefjrefpm;cdkif;aeuwnf;u usaemfhudk axmifudk ydk@awmhr,fqdkwm &dyfrdvdkufygw,f? jrefjrefvkyf/ ydwfoGm;OD;r,f qdk+yD; olwdk@tcsif;csif; ajymqdkaeoHawG cyfwdk;wdk; =um;ae&ygw,f? 'Daxmuf vSrf;a&;pcef;uae vGwfajrmuf+yD; axmifudkoGm;&awmhrSmrdk@ pdwfxJrSm usdwf+yD; 0rf;omaerdygw,f? axmufvSrf;a&;pcef;&Jh nSif;yrf; ESdyfpufr_awGudk usaemfwkefv_yfrdygw,f? axmufvSrf;a&;i&Jcef; uaevGwfajrmufawmhrSmrdk@ axmifudkom jrefjrefydk@ygawmhvdk@ qkawmif;aerdygw,f? axmufvSrf;a&;qDrSm (1)&ufae&wm touf(1)ESpfwdkoGm;ovdk cHpm;&wma=umifhrdk@yg? &Jarmfxl;tcef;qDrS tpfudk/ xrif;

vdkcsifvdk@... qdkwJh xrif;xyfawmif;oHudk }um;&ygw,f? [...ighaumif}uD; pm;EdkifvScsnfvm;vdk@ usdwf+yD; csD;rGrf;vdkufygw,f? usaemfh rSmrpm;Edkifyg? &Jarmfxl;wa,muf axmufvSrf;a&;0Éfu usGwfawmhr,fqdkwJh todeJ@rdk@ xrif;pm;aumif;aewmvnf; jzpfEdkifygw,f? olwdk@ausG;wJh xrif;[if;u trJom;t&GwfeJ@ [if;&GufawGa&maESm+yD; a=umfxm;wmyg? trJom;u udkufr&atmif rma=umaeygw,f? usaemfvnf; tenf;i,f avmufyJpm;+yD; axmifudkoGm;zdk@ b,fawmh vmac:rvJqdk+yD; apmifhaevdkufygw,f? c%=umawmh wcef;csif; emrnfac:+yD; um;ay:udk wifygawmhw,f? tjcm;olawG emrnfac:+yD; um;ay:wifaecsdef usaemfhrSm pdwfawGv_yf&Sm;vmygw,f? igudkrac:yJxm; cJh&if qdkwJhtawG;u ajcmufvSef@aeygw,f? usaemfwdk@ vlawGtm;vHk; 'DvdkyJ cHpm;=urSm trSefygyJ? e0wppfaxmufvSrf;a&; pHkprf;ppfaq;wJh Xmeqdkwm}uD;u b,fuavmufqdk;&Gm; emusnf;p&maumif;ovJ &ufpufjyif;xefvSovJqdkwm usaemf a&;cs rajymwwfygbl;? c%=umawmh usaemfhemrnfudkac:ygw,f? “aevif;” um;ay:udk usaemfwdk@a&mufawmh armfawmfum;&Jh aemufcef;rSm aqmifha=umifhtaetxm;eJh acgif;awGudk iHk@cdkif;ygw,f? +yD;awmh(2)a,mufwwGJqD xdkifcdkif;ygw,f? xdyfqHk;ydkif;&Jh b,fzufydkif;rSm vSrsdK;aemif(rSef}uD;)eJ@ nmzufrSm udkatmifxGef;wdk@wwGJ/ aemuf &JausmfpGmeJ@ om;n$ef@OD;uwwGJ/ usaemfeJ@ &Jarmfxl;uwwGJ jzpfygw,f? &uDQ;(nDaxG;cdkif) uawmh wpfa,mufwnf;jzpfygw,f? um;ay:udk tm;vHk;a&mufawmh um;eHab;u vdkufumawGudk csvdkufygw,f? +yD;awmh usaemfhwdk@awG tm;vHk;udk apmifeJ@ tkyfvdkufygw,f? acgif;awGudk =urf;jyifeJ@ xdcdkif;xm;wma=umifh wpfa,mufwifyg;eJ@ wpfa,mufacgif; qufaeygawmhw,f? axmufvSrf;a&;vufu vGwf+yD; tr_wGJawG wpfa,mufrsufESm wpfa,muf=unfhawmh axmufvSrf;a&;pcef;wkef;u rsufESmawGr[kwfyJ ajymifpyfpyfjzpfae+yD; [dkpum;/ 'Dpum;ESpfcGef;/ oHk;cGef;avmuf toHawGenf;enf; xGufvmvmygw,f? axmufvSrf;a&;u usaemfhwdk@udk aigufvdkufygw,f? 'D=um;xJrSef}uD;(vSrsdK;aemif)u ol@zifudk tcsGefeJ@xdk;aew,fvdk@ xatmfwma=umifh =unfhvdkufawmh uwHk;qHyifaygufjzpfwJh &JausmfpGm acgifiHk@xm;wmrdk@ vSrsdK;aemif&Jh wifyg;udkoGm;pl;rdvdk@ atmfvdkufwm jzpfygw,f? usaemfwdk@vnf; rjyHK;yJ raeEdkifawmhavmufatmif jzpfoGm;ygw,f? vrf;wav#mufvHk;rSm axmufvSrf;a&;&Jh zGwfcsuf/ zGwfcsuf toHjrnfaewJh um;pkwfa=umifh ESpfcgavmufysufao;vdk@ bk&m;w=uygao;w,f? axmifAl;0udk tcsdefrDra&mufao;vdk@ axmifydwfoGm;&if usaemfwdk@tr_wGJawG tm;vHk; axmufvSrf;a&;pcef;udk jyefydk@&ifawmh axmufvSrf;a&;awGeJh jyefqHk&OD;r,f? 'kuQygyJ? usaemfwdk@awG uHaumif;axmufr+yD; tif;pdefoD;oef@ tusOf;axmifudk ae@csif;yJ a&mufygw,f? usaemfwdk@ukd tcef;(1)cef;rSm (3)a,mufpD ae&mcsxm;vdkufygw,f? tusOf;OD;pD;Xmeu 0efxrf;ausmf0if;u apmifyg;wxnf/ ao;aygufcsD;,dkzdk@ *efzvm;vdk@ac:wJh a&tifwHkwckay;ygw,f? *efzvm;vdk@ac:wJh a&tifwHk[m pm;aomufqdkif}uD;awGrSm ig;acgif;[if;csdKxnfhwJh tifwHkeJ@ yHkpHwlwlygyJ? *efzvm;u tjym;eJ@tvHk;qdk+yD;(2)rsdK;&Sdygw,f? usaemf&,f/ &uDQ;(nDaxG;cdkif)&,f/ udkvSrsdK;aemif(rSef}uD;)&,fu tcefeHygwf(1)rSm twlwl usygw,f? usaemfwdk@tcef;&Jh tayguf0tv,fwnfhwnfhrSm oHjym;}uD;ydwfumxm;vdk@ ajcaxmuf atmufydkif;eJ@ tay:ydkif;uom av&&Sdygw,f? tcef;xJrSmuawmh zsm(2)csyf&Sd+yD; tcef;tjyifzufu avSum;xdyfrSm a&tdk;wvHk;xm;xm;ygw,f? axmifudkpa&mufa&mufcsif; axmufvSrf;a&;pcef;rSm ESdyfpufr_trsdK;rsdK;a=umifh tdyfa&;ysufcJh&wmrdk@ tJ'DnrSmawmh tif;pdefoD;oef@ tusOf;axmifrSm ESdpfESdpf+cdKuf+cdKuf tdyfaysmfoGm;cJhygw,f?aemufwae@ reufudk tcsKyftusOf;om;wpfa,muftjzpfeJ@ Edk;x&awmhrSmjzpfygw,f?

tcef;(3) (u) tcsKyfaxmifrSm vlpHk+yD “xdkifxm;r,f” qdkwJhaxmif0g'g 0efxrf;&Jh toH=um;rS usaemf xxdkifvdkufygw,f? +yD;awmh tcef;wcef;csif;tvdkuf vlawGppfygw,f? axmif0efxrf; jyefoGm;wJhtcgrSm usGefawmfwdk@awG udk,fhae&mrSm udk,fjyefvSJaevdkuf=uyg w,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm axmifwckvHk; O=oqGJoHawG/ oHacsmif;acgufoHawGeJ@ qlnHoGm;ygawmhw,f? axmif0efxrf;awG tm;vHk;&Jh yg;pyfuae “bmvkyfaevJ/ csDwufaew,f/ b,fhol@twGufvJ/ jynfol@twGufyJ/ trSwfpOfpqdk 1/2/3/ 4/.....”pwJh toHawG a=umifhikwfwkwfxxdkifvdkufjyefygw,f? +yD;awmh“yHkpH”qdkwJhtoH}uD; xGufay:vm ygw,f? usaemfwdk@vnf; tcef;a&Sh rsufESmrl+yD; xdkifae&ygw,f?aemufrS oHacsmif;acgufoHrsm; jyefxGufvmygw,f? axmifvSef@w,fvdk@ac:a=umif; odvdkuf&ygw,f? yxrOD;qHk; usGefaemfhb0&Jh axmiftawG@t}uHKudk pwifvdkufygw,f? 'Dae@[m rSwfrSwf&& (9/9/90)ae@yJjzpfygw,f? usaemfwdk@udk xm;wJhtcef;ab;rSm '*Hk+rdK@e,fu tajccHynmausmif;om;awGjzpfwJh nDnDwdk@ nDtudkawG&Sdaeygw,f? ae@vnfzufu xrif;pm;+yD;csdefrSmawmh usaemfeJ@ udknDaxG;cdkifwdk@ ESpfa,mufom; wpfzufjcrf;rSm &SdwJh teft,fvf'D(vli,f)u udkpkd;odef;eJ@ tajccHynmausmif;om; aZmf0if;xGÉfwdk@udk vSrf;+yD;vufjy ESkwfqufvdkufygw,f? 'gudk tusOf;OD;pD;Xmeu 0efxrf;ujrifoGm;+yD; usaemfwdk@udk vma&mufqlyl}uDrf;armif;ygawmhw,f? aAGaqmfOD; aps;OD;azmufqlcH&+yD; r=umcifrSmyJ usGefawmfwdk@(3)a,mufpvHk;udk wdkufcef;eHygwf(13)udk ajymif;a&$hvdkufygawmhw,f? usaemfwdk@taemufbufjcrf;rSmawmh 1990jynfh a&G;aumufyGJ+yD;+yD;csif; ueOD;tzrf;cH&+yD; axmifxJudk a&muf&Sdae=uwJh wyfOD;tzGJh0ifawGjzpfwJh udk+idrf;/ o0SD;(oef;Edkif)/ bdkbdkxGef;/ rsdK;rif;Edkif/ atmif}uD;/ q&mAef;armfwifatmif&Jhom; ausmfaZmatmifwdk@tjyif vl@abmifopfu *sifrD(c)ausmfrif;,k&Jhtudk rsdK;rif;,k(&efukefwuUodkvf)wdk@&Sdaeygw,f? bdkbdkxGef;u a&csdK;qif;awmh vmE_wfqufygw,f? udknDaxG;cdkifeJh t&ifuwnf;u odESifhae=u+yD; jzpfygw,f? olwdk@tkyfpkawGu wpfywfudk wpfcgbm;vrf;u pwD;0yftcsKyfrSm &Hk;xkwf&ygw,f? 'ga=umifhrdk@ olwdk@awG&Hk;u jyefvm&if pm;p&mawG ygvmwwfygw,f? usaemfwdk@ tr_awGudkawmh axmifAl;0rSmwif &ref(&ufcsdef;),lwma}umifh pwD;0yf (bm;vrf;)udk ra&muf&ovdk/ tdrfurdbawGeJ@vnf; rawG@&ao;yg? 'gha=umifh axmifpum;eJ@ajym&&if usaemfwdk@rSm pm;p&mr&Sdvdk@ ykef;a=umifae&ygw,f? usGefawmfwdk@xJrSm vSrsdK;aemif (rSef}uD;)u 88+yD;cgpu axmifwpf}udrf uscJhzl;wma=umifh olwdk@qDuaxmiftawG@t}uHKeJh axmiftwGif; pm;a&;aomufa&;udpP pDpOf&ygawmhw,f? e0w&Jh vlzrf;yGJ}uD;a=umifh axmifxJudk vlopfawGtrsm;}uD;xyfa&mufvmjyefygw,f? axmifxJu tcef;awGxJrSmxm;oifhwJh vlOD;a&xufydk+yD; xm;ygw,f? usaemfwdk@&Jh tr_wGJawGxJu om;n$ef@OD;eJ@ udkatmifxGef;yg usaemfwdk@tcef;xJ a&mufvmygw,f? usGefawmfwdk@ oD;oef@tusOf;axmifu (2)xyf taqmifjzpf+yD; atmufxyfrSmawmh usaemfwdk@vdk EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm;udk xm;ygw,f? tay:xyfrSmuawmh jrefrmha&ydkifeufxJudk usL;ausmf0ifa&mufvm+yD; w&m;r0if ig;zrf;cJhwJh xdkif;EdkifiHom;tusOf;om;rsm;udk xm;ygw,f? usaemfwdk@tcef;[m vl(5)a,mufpmtwGuf tdyfzdk@ aezdk@twGuf rjzpfjzpfatmif zefwD;vdk@&ayr,fh ,dkzdk@twGuf=uawmh jy\em wpfckjzpfvmygw,f?

usaemfwdk@tcef;udk ay;xm;wJh*efzvm;u (2)tdk;[m vl(5)a,mufpmtwGuf b,fvdkrS ravmufwm a=umifh 'kuQawG@&ygw,f? *efzvm;wpfckudk tayghtyg;oGm;zdk@ twGufxm;+yD;/ usefwJhaemufwtdk;udkawmh tav;tyifoGm;zdk@ jyKvkyfxm;ygw,f? 'gha=umifh usaemfwdk@(5)a,muftwGuf b,fvdkrS rvHkravmufawGjzpf+yD; *efzvm; cswJhtcsdefrSm tawmfhudk'kuQ a&mufygw,f? usaemfwdk@tcef;awGudk tjyifxGufcsdef(10)rdepf pnf;urf;owfrSwfxm;wma=umifh wHcg;zGifhwmeJ@ tjyifzufrSmtnpfta=u;pGef@zdk@ udk,fh0rf;udk udk,fusifh,l&ygawmhw,f? aemufaz;oGm;wJhudpPudk tjyifrSm wifudpPjywfatmifvkyf&zdk@udk tcsdefay;ae&wJh jy\emawGa=umifh vrf;awmifrav#mufEdkifygbl;? cE<udk,f avhusifhcef;vkyfzdk@qdkwm acgif;xJrSm xnfhrpOf;pm;Edkifygbl;? tjyifxGufcsdef &wJh (10)rdepfav; twGif;rSm udpPtm;vHk; jywfatmifvkyf&wma=umifh a&csdK;+yD;vdk@ a&pdkt0wfawGeJ@ tcef;xJudk tjrefajy;/ tcef;xJa&mufrS t0wfudkvJ&ygw,f? tcsdefudk wefzdk;&Sd&Sd toHk;cs&ygawmhw,f? wcg usGefaemfwdk@tr_wGJawGjzpfwJh &JausmfpGmeJ@ &Jarmfxl;wdk@ tcef;u *efzvm;cs&if tdk;ujynfhv#H ae+yD; rEdkifreif; o,f&ygawmhw,f? &wJhtcsdef(10)rdepftwGifrSm *efzvm;cscsdef/ a&csdK;csdef/ vrf;av#mufcsdef awGrvHkavmufwma=umifh axmif0efxrf;u }udrf;armif;ygw,f? &JausmfpGmu toufuvnf;i,fi,f +yD;awmh ol@&Jhyg0grsufrSefxlxl}uD;udk axmufvSrf;a&;uodrf;xm;vdk@ rjrifrprf;eJ@rdk@ *efzvm;tdk; tjrJusuGJ wwfygw,f? axmif0efxrf;awGu r}umc% qJqdk}udrf;armif;+yD; aemufwcguGJ&if xkwfray;awmhbl;vdk@ ajymygw,f? pwD0yfrSm &Hk;xkwfwJhae@ (c) oD;oef@axmifrSmaewkef; rSwfrSwf&& jzpfapwmuawmh usaemfwdk@ tr_awGudk w&m;&Hk;xkwfwJhae@ ygyJ? usaemfwdk@ tr_wGJawG&Jh tdrfawGu rdbaqGrsdK;awGu usaemfwdk@udk &Hk;xkwfrJh pwD;0yf(bm;vrf;)u w&m;&Hk;eJ@ yef;qdk;wef;w&m;&Hk;rSm usaemfwdk@ &Hk;csdef;&SdwJhae@wdkif; vma&mufapmifhaeygw,f? 'gayr,fh usaemfwdk@awG tm;vHk; tdrfeJ@rawG@&wm (1)vavmuf &SdoGm;yg+yD? usaemfwdk@tdrfawGeJ@ tquftoG,fvkyfcsifvdk@ axmifydkifwef;pDudk wifjyayr,fhvnf; axmifydkif tHk;azeJ@ ol@aemufawmfygawGu pm&Gufay:rSmrSwf+yD; wifjyay;r,fvdk@ajymum aemufydkif;rdbawGeJ@ tquf toG,f udpP tpaysmufoGm;cJhw,f? (1)veD;yg;avmuf bmrSta=umif;rxl; cJhyg? usaemfwdk@&Jh ab;tcef;awGu tjcm;tr_wGJawG bm;vrf;&Hk;udkxkwfawmh usaemfwdk@&JhrdbawGu usaemfwdk@udk ygvmr,f xif+yD;&Hk;rSm apmifhae=ua=umif; wqifhjyefajymjyygw,f? (1)vausmfausmf=umwJhtcgrSm usaemfwdk@tr_wGJawGudk &Hk;xkwf&r,fh&uf a&mufvmjyefygw,f?cgwdkif;vdkyJ usaemfwdk@wawG at;at;aq;aq;yJ ar#mfaerd=uayr,fh tm;vHk;&JhpdwfxJrSm w&m;&Hk; xkwfr,fvdk@udk rxifrd=uygbl;? bmha=umifhvJqdkawmh w&m;&Hk;xkwfr,fhtcsdefu vGef+yD; xrif;pm;csdefudkawmif a&mufvm+yDrdk@ jzpfygw,f? usaemfwdk@awG tm;vHk;xrif;pm;+yD;wJhtcsdefrSm w&m;&Hk;xkwfr,fh olawG a&mufvm=u+yD; axmif0efxrf;ausmf0if;u usaemfwdk@tr_awG&Jh emrnfudkvmac:ygw,f? usaemfwdkawG tm;vHk;aysmfoGm;=uygw,f? usaemfwdk@r_wGJ(6)a,muf wpfa,mufcg;wpfa,mufudkif/ acgif;awG udk,fpDiHk@/ apmifyg;tkyfum &xm;wGJ}uD;vdk oD;oef@axmif&Jh Al;0udka&mufoGm;ygw,f? axmifAl;0rSm vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;awG vkyf+yD; w&m;&Hk;oGm;r,fh tcsKyfum;ay: wuf&ygw,f? usaemfwdk@awG

tcsKyfum;ay:a&mufawmh tif;pdefaxmifr}uD;u &mZ0wf tusOf;om;awGyg usaemfwdk@eJ@twlwl a&maESm xm;ygw,f? &efukefpwD;0yf(bm;vrf;)w&m;&Hk;udk usaemfwdk@udk wifaqmifvmwJh tcsKyfum;a&mufawmh um;ay:uae yxrOD;qHk; &mZ0wftusOf;om;awGudk qif;cdkif;ygw,f? um;ay:uae qif;qif;csif; b,folawG a&mufaevJqdk+yD; bm;vrf;pwD;0yf tcsKyfcef;xJudk a0h0J=unfhvdkufawmh &Jarmfxl;&Jh tareJ@ol@rdom;pkudk pawG@&ygw,f? &Jarmfxl;&Jhtaru usaemfwdk@awGudkjrifjrifcsif; “om;wdk@ygvm+yD”qdk+yD; 0rf;omtm;&eJ@ ajymqdkvdkufygw,f? &Jarmfxl;&Jhtar[m t&yfykyk/ rsufrSef0dkif;av;eJ@ om;udkawG@csifaZmeJ@ vltkyf}uD;udk wdk;a0S@+yD; usaemfwdk@em;udk a&mufvmygw,f? +yD;awmh tjcm;usGefawmfwdk@&Jh tdrfawGudkvnf; ta=umif;=um;xm;ygw,f/ bmrSryl=ueJ@vdk@ usGefawmfwdk@udk tm;ay;ygw,f? tcsKyfcef;xJrSm usaemfwdk@ tcsKyfum;ay:ygvmwJh tusOf;om;awG tm;vHk;udk yHkpHxdkifcdkif;+yD; vla&wGufygw,f? &J wa,mufuae+yD; “(a*:)NIGHT ygvm;/ yg&if vufaxmifxm;” vdk@ar;ygw,f? a*:qdkwm“5”udkajymwmjzpf+yD;/ usaemfwdk@vdk yk'fr5(n)awGudk &nf&G,f+yD;ar;wmjzpfrSef;aemufrSod&ygw,f? usaemfu“a*:”qdkwm bmudkqdkvdkrSef;rodvdk@ tla=umifa=umifjzpfaewkef; usawmfwdk@ tr_wGJudk =unfhvdkufawmh tm;vHk;u vufaxmif+yD;om;jzpfaevdk@ usaemfvnf; vufaxmifvdkufygw,f? “'gyJvm;/ usdef;aow,faemf” “usdef;aoygw,f” “at;/ 'gqdk&ifvufaxmifxm;wJh “a*:”awGxGuf”vdk@&Jutrdef@ay;+yD; usaemfwdk@awG tm;vHk;udk oD;oef@tcsKyfcef; wpfcef;pDxJudkxnfhxm;vdkufygw,f? odyfr=umcifrSm usGefawmfwdk@tr_wGJ&Jh tdrfawGu acgufqGJa=umf/ xrif;xkyf pwmawG a&mufvmygawmhw,f? bkef;bkef;&Jh vuf&mjzpfwJh wHkuif;bJuiffeJ@ pm;p&mawG toD;oD; a&mufvmygawmhw,f? axmifxJrSm(1)veD;yg; ig;iydeJ@ wmvayg yHkpHxrif;udkom pm;ae&wmrdk@ a&mufvmwJh pm;p&m awGu usaemfwdk@twGuf ewfjynfu [if;v#mawGtvm; jzpfygw,f? usaemfwdk@ trSkwGJawGtm;vHk; pm;aomuf=uwm a0omvDjynf bDvl;0ifoGm;ovm;xif&atmif tpm;taomufawG +ydKufueJ ukefoGm;ygawmhw,f? 'gawmif 'Duae@ &Hk;rxkwfjzpfbl;xif+yD; axmifxJrSm xrif;pm;vm=uao;wmjzpfygw,f? pm;vdk@ aomufvdk@t+yD;rSmawmh tdrfawGu,lvm=uwJh t0wftpm;awGudk p+yD;tzrf;cH&uwnf;u wpfcgrS rvJ&ao;wJh eHapmfaewJh t0wfawGeJ@ vJvS,f0wf=uygw,f? t0wfawGvnf;+yD;wJh tcg=uawmh usaemfwdk@emrnfawGudk tpOfvdkufac:ygw,f? ? ESpfa,mufwwGJ wGJ+yD; vufawGudk }udK;awGeJh csnfaESmifygw,f?+yD;rS usaemfwdk@trSkwGJ(6)a,mufpvHk;udk bm;vrf;tcsKyfuae w&m;&Hk;udk xkwfygw,f? tcsKyfcef;u pxGufawmh tayguf0rSm tr_wGJawGtm;vHk;&Jh rdbawG oli,fcsif;awGu usaemfwdk@qD vm+yD; vufudkqGJum tm;ay;=uygw,f? usaemfwdk@&JhvGwfaewJh vufwpfzufu usaemfwdk@&JhrdbawG&Jh vufudkwif;wif; qkyfudkif xm;ygw,f? w&m;&Hk;awmftay:udk wufawmh &JeJhusaemfwdk@tcsKyfom;awGu owfowf/ tdrfawGurdom;pk awGu owfowf wuf&ygw,f? rdbawG[m om;aZmawGeJ@ avSum;udkrarmEdkif/ ryef;Edkif tajy;tv$m; wuf+yD;/ usaemfwdk@ xGufvmr,fhtayguf0rSm apmifhar#mfaeygw,f? w&m;&Hk;xJudk 0ifwJhtcg udk,fhrdom;pkeJ@udk,f w&m;&Hk;xJrSm xdkif=u&+yD; tm;ay; pum;awGtjyef tvSef ajymqdk=uygw,f? w&m;ol}uD;u usaemfwdk@udk 1950jynfhESpf/ ta&;ay:pDrHcsuftuf Oya' yk'fr5(n)eJ@ w&m;pGJqdk+yD; &Hk;csdef;(&ref)ESpfywf csdef;qdkvdkufygw,f? usaemfwdk@tm;vHk;vnf; wifjyp&m&SdwmawG wifjyzdk@ ajymygw,f? usGefawmfwdk@ tm;vHk;axmifusr,fqdkwm usdef;aoaewma=umifh usaemfwdk@ axmifruscif rdbawGeJ@ awG@qHkcsifao;wJhtwGuf &Hk;csdef;udk &refav;(1)ywfyHkrSefay;+yD; &Hk;xkwfzdk@ &refudk jyefvnf jyifqifay;zdk@ awmif;qdkygw,f? tJ'DtcgrSm w&m;ol}uD;u aemufwpf}udrfrSom jzpfEdkifa=umif;/

tckwpfacgufawmh jyifqifzdk@ rjzpfEdkifa=umif;/ ol@taeeJ@ ,cktrSkwGJudk rSwfom;xm;rSm +zpfwJhta}umif; jyefvnfajymqdkoGm;cJhygw,f? w&m;ol}uD;&Jh &ref&ufcsdef; a}ujimt+yD;rSmawmh usaemfwdk@ tarawGu usaemfwdk@udk v$wfxGufoGm;rnfhtvm; wif;wif;usyfusyf}uD; zuf+yD; rsuf&nfusaeygw,f? pdwfryl=uzdk@ tarawGu wzGzGrSm&Smygw,f? om;trdawG=um; bmawGajymqdkae=urvJqdkwmu awmh um,uH&SifawGuv$J+yD; b,folrS odEdkif=urSm r[kwfygbl;? c%=umawmh usaemfwdk@rdbawG/ oli,f csif;awGeJ@ wdkawmif;wJh tcsdefav;rSm cGJcGmcJh&ygw,f? tcsKyfcef;xJudk jyefoGm;&+yD; tdrfuay;vdkufwJh txkwfawGudk vufrSm wif;wif;usyfusyf qkyfudkifvdkuf+yD; w&m;&Hk;uae jyefqif;vmcJhygw,f? usGefaemfwdk@udk wifaqmifac:oGmr,fh tcsKyfum;ay:a&mufawmh atmufudkvSrf;=unfhvdkufygw,f? rsuf&nfawG=um;u tm;wif;+yD; jyHK;jyae&Smae=uwJh rdbawG/ oli,fcsif;awGudk=unfh+yD; tHudkzd}udwf xm;vdkufygw,f? &ifxJrSm vd_ufueJ qdk@wufvmjyefw,f? tcsKyfum;bD;pvdrfhcsdefrSm w&m;&Hk;a&S@rSm vufjyusefcJhwJh rdbawGeJ@ oli,fcsif;awGudk vufjyESkwfqufvdkufygw,f? udkatmif(udkxGef;jrifhatmif)&Jh trawGeJ@ oli,fcsif;awGu usaemfwdk@udk vSrf;atmf+yD; ajymvdkufygw,f? “eifwdk@ bmrSryl=ueJ@/ ukvor*~u *syefr}uD;vmawmhr,f” olwdk@ajymwmu ukvor*~rS jrefrmEdkifiH&Jh vl@tcGifhta&;csdK;azmufr_awGudk pHkprf;ppfaq;zdk@twGuf ukvor*~udk,fpm;vS,f *syeftrsdK;orD;wpfOD; jrefrmEdkifiHudk r=umcif vma&mufr,fh ta=umif;udk ajymwmjzpfygw,f? 1990 ckESpfrSm ukvor*~udk,fpm;vS,f *syeftrsdK;orD; rpPpf tdkumwmudk jrefrmEdkifiHudkvmzdk@ yxrOD;qHk;t}udrf apv$wfjcif;yJjzpfygw,f? 5(n)awGudk cdk;rSkyk'frwyfawmh (*) usGefawmfwdk@udk wifaqmifvmwJh tcsKyfum;[m &efukef+rdK@v,facgifuae tif;pdeftusOf;axmif&Sd &mudk OD;wnfarmif;ESifoGm;aeygw,f? tif;pdefaxmifAl;0a&S@udk a&mufawmh um;ay:rSmygvmwJh &mZ0wftcsKyfom;awGudk csxm;vdkufygw,f? tcsKyfum;u &kwfw&ufjyefrxGufao;yJ wpHkwckudk apmifhae wJhyHko¾ef &Sdygw,f? c%aeawmh usaemfwdk@ tcsKyfum;ay:udk rsufrSefeJ@ vlwpfa,mufeJ@ tom;rJrJ/ t&yfykyk vlwpfa,mufum;ay:wuf vmygw,f? olwdk@awGum;ay:a&mufawmh tcsKyfum;u oD;oef@tusOf; axmifudk quf+yD;armif;ESifoGm;ygawmhw,f? um;ay:a&mufvmwJh vlESpfa,mufeJ@ tjyeftvSef rdwfqufay;wJ@tcgrSm rsufrSefwyfwJholu pnfol0if;qdkoljzpf+yD;/ aemufwpfa,mufu Anm; yJjzpfygw,f? olwdk@ESpfa,mufvHk;[m omauw+rdK@e,frSm aexdkif=uolawG+zpf+yD; usaemfwdk@(tuo)tzGJ@0ifawGeJ@ odae=uvdk@ c%csif;rSmyJ &if;ESD;oGm;ygw,f? pnfol0if;&Jh tazjzpfolu usaemfwdk@txu(4)ykZGefawmifrSm t*FvdyfpmjywJh q&mOD;cspf0if; jzpfygw,f? q&mOD;cspf0if;u t*Fvdyfpm o'Ng toifjyaumif;vdk@ usaemfwdk@awGu“grammercspf”vdk@ ac:=uygw,f? olwdk@ESpfOD;&Jhajymjycsuft& olwdk@awG[m ausmif;om; vSkyf&Sm;r_awGrSm wufwufºuGºuG yg0ifcJhvdk@ r=umao;cifurS ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;awG&Jh zrf;qD;jcif;udkcHcJh&ygw,f? axmufvSrf;a&;pcef;rSm nSif;yrf;ESdyfpufrSkawGjyKvkyf+yD;awmh tif;pdefaxmifudkydk@ vdkufygw,f? tJ'Dtcg usrS olwdk@udkyk'fr(380/ 54)eJ@wyf+yD; w&m;pGJqdkygw,f? olwdk@[m EdkifiHa&;aqmif&Gufr_a=umifh yk'fr

5(n)wyf&r,fhtpm; ausmif;om;rsm;udk wrifoufouf oduQmcswJhtaeeJ@ cdk;r_/ rouFmr_qdkwJh yk'frudkwyf+yD; tif;pdefaxmifrSm tjcm;&mZ0wftusOf;om;awGeJ@ a&m+yD;xm;cJhygw,f? 'gayr,fh olwdk@udk &ref(&Hk;csdef;) xkwfwJhae@awGusawmh pGJqdkxm;wJh yk'frudk ajymif;vJay;zdk@ ajymqdkwJhtcgusrS olwdk@&Jhtr_udk 5(n)tjzpf jyifqifajymif;vJay;vdkufygw,f? tckolwdk@udk tr_ajymif;+yD; usaemfwdk@5(n)awGudk xm;wJh tif;pdefoD;oef@ tusOf;axmifudk ajymif;a&GŒvdkufwmjzpfygw,f? olwdk@ ESpfa,mufvdkyJ usaemfwdk@tr_awGeJ@ twlwlaxmufvSrf;a&;pcef;rSm aecJh&wJh vSrsdK;aemif(rSef}uD;)udkvnf; 5(n)yk'freJ@ w&m;pGJqdk+yD; &Hk;xkwfppfaq;aewJ@ awmifOuUvmyw&m;&Hk;u ol@tr_udk5(n)uae (380/54)cdk;r_/ rouFmyk'freJ@ ajymif;vJpGJqdkvdkufygw,f? tJ'Dvdktr_udk ajymif;vJjyifqifvdkufwmudk Oya'bmom&yfudk ,lxm;wJh ausmif;om;jzpfol vSrsdK;aemif(rSef}uD;)odoGm;wJhtcgrSm jy\emu pwufygawmhw,f? ol@tcsKyfcef;xJrSm tdrfuae pm;p&mawG xnfhay;vdkufwJhxrif;bl;xJu toifhygvmwJhcuf&if;eJ@ ol@qD;pyfudk oljyefaxmufvdkufygw,f? +yD;awmh ol@udk w&m;pGJqdkxm;wJh yk'fr(380/ 54)udk jyefjzKwf+yD; jyifqifay;zdk@/ rjyifay;ygu ol@udk,fudkol cuf&if;eJ@xdk;r,fvdk@ tcsKyfapmifh&Judk +cdrf;ajcmufygawmhw,f? &JawGvnf; bmvkyf&rSef;rodyJ &kwfw&uf ysm,mcwfoGm;=uygw,f? +yD;rS ol@udkbmrS rvkyfzdk@wm; =u&if; olwdk@taeeJ@vnf; vkyfydkifcGifhbmrSr&Sdbl;vdk@ &JawGujyefajymygw,f? +yD;awmh“txufudkta=umif; =um;xm;ygw,f/ c%apmifhyg” vdk@&Jujyefajymygw,f? vSrsdK;aemifu “usaemf ausmif;om;wpfa,mufyg/ 'Dppftpdk;&udkqef@usifvdk@qdk+yD; tzrf;cH&wmygAs/ tck usGefaemfudk pGJxm;wJhtr_udkaum cifAsm;wdk@od&Jhvm;/ 'gcdk;r_As/ olcdk;awGudkwyfwJhyk'fr/ 'g usKyfwdk@ausmif;om; awGudk oufoufrJh apmfum;wm/ 'Dtr_&Jhyk'frudk jrefjrefajymif;ay;/ usKyfubmawGcdk;vdk@ vJ/ cifAsm;wdk@yk'fr rajymif;ay;&if usKyfudktqdk;rqdkeJ@aemf” ol@pum;udk tcef;apmifh&JawGu aoaocsmcsmem;axmif aeygw,f? cdk;r_/ rouFmr_[m usKyf&Jh*k%foduQmudk wdkuf&dkufapmfum;wm qdkwJhvSrsdkK;aemif&Jh t}udrf}udrfa& &GwfoHudk qufwdkuf=um;awmhrS &JawGu a=umufvef@+yD;yk'fr (380/ 54)eJ@pGJqdkxm;wJh ol@tr_udk yk'fr5(n) tjzpf ajymif;vJjyifqifay;cJh&ygw,f? 'Daemufydkif; ol@&Jhaxmif0ifpmrsm;/ &oifh&xdkufwJh yHkrSefypPnf;rsm; ydwfyifjcif; cHvdkuf&ygawmhw,f? vSrsdK;aemifwdk@vdk e0wvufyg;aprsm;&Jh &J&J0Hh0HhjyefajymEdkifcJh=uwJh olawG&Jhtr_rsm;udk ppfaxmuf vSrf;a&;uae ajymif;vJjyifqifcJhayr,fh tcsdK@olrsm;&Jh tr_awGudkawmh jyefjyifqifray;awmhyg? e0w tusOf;axmifawGxJrSm EdkifiHa&;yk'freJ@ axmifusvmwJh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;orm;OD;a& rsm;jym;vmrSm pdk;&drf+yD; EdkifiHa&;orm;rsm;udk &mZ0wfyk'frrsm;eJ@ tr_ajymif;w&m;pGJwm jzpfovdk/ EdkifiHa&;v_yf&Sm;aqmif &GufolawG&Jh*k%foduQmudkyg wqufwnf; csdK;ESdrfwJhvkyf&yfjzpfw,f? 'Dvdkrw&m;zdESdyfwJh vkyf&yfawG[m e0wtusOf;axmiftwGif; trsm;tjym; jzpfyGm;aeygw,f? (C) jcifaxmifawG/ arG@,mawG&Jhaxmif usaemfwdk@aexdkifwJh oD;oef@ tusOf;axmifudk pnfol0if;eJ@ Anm;wdk@ a&muf&Sdvmawmh r=umcifrSm yJ aemufxyfvlopfawG a&muf&Sdvmw,fqdkwJh owif;udk=um;&wJh tjcm;tcef;uolawGu b,fol awGvnf;qdkwmodcsifvdk@ ar;jref;pHkprf;=uygw,f?

tJ'DrSmyJ wyfOD;tr_wGJawGxJu udko0SD;qdkwJh weoFm&Dwdkif;om;[m pum;ajymwJhae&mrSm tifrwefrS toH0Jolwpfa,mufjzpf+yD; cyfwnfwnfeJ@tp taemufoefolwpfa,mufvnf;jzpfygw,f? oD;oef@ axmifudkpa&mufvmwJh pnfol0if;eJ@ Anm;wdk@udk oifcef;pmawGydk@csygawmhw,f? pnfol0if; udkp+yD;awmh “cifAsm;wdk@tcef;rSm jcifaxmif&Sdvm;” “[m...r&Sdygbl;” “tJ'DrSm bmawG&SdvJ” “*efzvm;(1)vHk;/ apmifyg;eJ@ zsm=urf;(1)csyfyJ&Sdygw,f” “jcifaxmifeJ@ acgif;tHk;r&ao;bl;vm;” “r&ao;ygbl;” “[m. . . cifAsm;wdk@wu,fr&ao;bl;vm;/ axmifr_awG bwfuD; jyxm;+yDxifw,f? awmif;/ awmif;/ rawmif;&if 'DaumifawGu 'DvdkyJray;bl;” “[kwfuJh/ b,fol@qDrSmawmif;&rSmvJ” “'Dnawmh tcsdefr&Sdawmhbl;/ reufusrS 0efxrf;wpfa,mufa,mufudk awmif;vdkuf” “[kwfuJh” “reufus&ifvJ 'DoD;oef@rSm rkef@[if;cg;/ vBuf&nfeJ@ ae@vnfxrif;pm;csdefqdk =uufom;/ 0ufom;/ r}udKuf&if ig; ay;w,f” udko0SD;u pnfol0if;wdk@vlopf(2)a,mufudk twnfayguf}uD;eJ@ =uyfaeygawmhw,f? pnfol0if;eJ@ Anm;wdk@uvnf; oD;oef@aqmifudk tckrSa&mufwmqdkawmh udko0DS;ajymor# [kwfuJh/ [kwfuJhqdk+yD; ,Hkaeygw,f?usaemfwdk@ =um;cef;awGuae+yD; udko0SD; aemufaeor#udk }udwf+yD;&,faerdygw,f? +yD;awmh udko0S;Duquf+yD; “rif;wdk@ rawmif;&ifawmh r&bl;aemf/ igwdk@awGuawmhtukef&+y/D;+yD/ ar$@,maum/ jcifaxmifaum/ pm;p&mawGuvnf;aumif;ayhuGm/ igwdk@qdk axmifuaeawmif rxGufcsifawmhbl;/ a=omf 'geJ@ rif;wdk@rSm aq;vdyf&Sdvm;” “aq;vdyfawmh&Sdygw,f/ rD;jcpfawmhr&Sdbl;” “at;/ igrSmrD;jcpf&Sdw,f/ aq;vdyfr&Sdbl;/ igtcef;zuf enf;enf;ypfay;vdkufygOD;/ rif;wdk@ aq;vdyfaomufwwf&if reufus&if axmifr_;qDrSm rD;jcpfygwcgwnf;awmif;xm;/ igwdk@awGu EdkifiHa&; tusOf;om;awGqdkawmh olrsm;eJ@ rwlbl;uG” pnfol0if;wdk@u udko0SD;ajymor#t[kwf}uD;atmufarhae+yD; ar;cGef;awmifjyefrxkwfyJ wpf[kwfuJh wnf; [kwfuJhaeygawmhw,f? usaemfwdk@rSm olwdk@awGajymqdkae=uwmufk em;axmif&if; idktm;xuf &,ftm; oefqdkovdkjzpfaeygw,f? udko0DS;aemufajymifr_av;awG[m axmifxJa&mufwkef; pdwf'kuQcHpm; ae}uolawG =um;0,f pdwfxGufaygufav;wpfck &ovdkcHpm;vdkuf&ygw,f? udko0SD;u pnfolwdk@udk ajymaewJh t&mawG[m usaemfwdk@5(n)orm;awGtwGufaum/ &dk;&dk;omreftusOf;orm;awG twGufyg b,fvdkrS r&EdkifwJh t&m0wˆKawGygyJ? pnfol0if;wdk@uawmh reufus&if udko0SD;ajymwJhypPnf;awGawmif;r,f qdk+yD;pdwftm;xufoefpGmeJ@ tdyfaysmfoGm;av&Jh?

(i) b0oHo&meJ@ 5(n)awGb0 aemufwpfae@reuf rdk;vif;wJhtcgusawmh usaemfwdk@ tcef;awGqDudk axmifr_;jrifhv_dif a&mufvmygw,f?tJ'DrSm pnfol0if;u rae@uudko0SD;xm;wJhtwdkif; axmifr_jrif@v_difudk wpfckcsif; wifjyygawmhw,f? axmifr_;u“tJ'gawGwpfckrSr&bl;” vdk@jyefajymvdkufygw,f? tJ'DtcgrSm pnfolu “olrsm;awGawmif&wmyJ/ usGefawmfwdk@u bma=umifhr&&rSmvJ/ usaemfvnf; 5(n)yJ”qdk+yD;xyfajymawmh axmifr_;jrifhv_dif rsufvHk;jyL;oGm;ygw,f? “b,folawG&vJ” “[dkbuftcef;u udko0SD;wdk@yg” axmifr_;&Jht=unfhu udko0SD;wdk@ tcef;bufudka&mufoGm;ygw,f? +yD;rS “rif;udkb,folajymwmvJ” qdk+yD; vufonfudk pHkprf;ygawmhw,f? tJ'Dawmh pnfolu “udko0SD;” vdk@jyefajzwJhtcgrSm axmifr_;&JhajcvSrf;awGu udko0SD;wdk@ tcef;a&Sh a&mufoGm;ygawmhw,f? “o0SD;/ rif; pnfoludk tJ'Dvdkajymovm;” udko0SD;uvnf; olaemufrda=umif; 0efcHygw,f? axmifr_;jrifhv_difu oabmaumif;wJhol jzpfaevdk@ “at;/ rif;wdk@tcsif;csif;aemufwmawmh aemufayghuGm/ 'gayr,fh pnfoluighudkrwifjyyJ axmifydkif tvSnfhrSmoGm;wifjyrd&if tukefjy\emwufukefvdrf@r,fuG/ aemufwpfcg vlopfawGudk raemufygeJ@uGm” qdk+yD; udko0DS;udk =o0g'uxm ¹rGuf=um;ygawmhw,f? wpfcgu usaemfwdk@oD;oef@axmifrSm yJ[if;u [if;&nfusJaevdk@ udko0SD;u axmifr_;jrifhv_difudk twifjyaumif;cJhvdk@ usaemfwdk@tm;vHk; yJ[if;&nfeJ@wlwJh yJ[if;udkpm;&cJhbl;ygw,f? udko0SD;eJ@ yufouf+yD;aemufxyf&,fp&mwpfck&Sdygao;w,f? tif;pdefaxmif(3)aqmifrSm usaemfwdk@eJ@udko0SD;twlwlaewkef; wpf&ufrSmaxmif0ifpmvmygw,f? axmif0ifpmvmac:awmh“a'0D”qdkwJhemrnfeJ@ axmif0ifpmwpfcka&mufvmygw,f? taqmifrSm &SdwJholawGtm;vHk;u a'0Dqdkwm rdef;raqmifrSmyJ&Sdw,f/a,mufusm;aqmifrSmr&Sdbl; vdk@tm;vHk;u 0dkif;ajymvdkuf=uygw,f? aemufrS pHkprf; =unfhawmh axmif0ifpm&Hk;u pma&;u o0SD;udk a'0Dqdk+yD; emrnfrSm;a&;rdw,fqdkwm od&awmhw,f/ tJ'DusrS udko0SD;vnf; tl,m;zm;,m;eJ@ n}uD;rdk;csKyf usrS axmif0ifpmawG@&&Smygw,f? tif;pdefaxmifu }uD;vGef;awmh a'0DqdkwJ@ emrnfjzwfydkif;av;eJ@ wpfaxmifvHk;tESHhrSm&SDwJh taqmifawG/ tvkyf}uD;awGqDa&mufoGm;vdk@ udko0SDF;&Jh axmif0ifpmpm&Guf[m [dka&muf/ 'Da&mufeJ@ udko0SD;qD awmfawmfeJ@jyefra&mufvmEdkifbl;? 'g@a=umifhudko0SD;u n}uD;rdk;csKyf=urS axmif0ifpm awG@&ygawmhw,f? usaemfwdk@aewJh oD;oef@aqmifudk vlopfawG wzGJzGJa&mufvmrpJ wpfoJoJ jzpfaeovdk t&ifa&mufESifh +yD;om;jzpfwJh usaemfwdk@awGtwGuf trdef@csrJ@&ufu wpfjznf;jznf; eD;uyfvmaeygw,f? wyfOD;tr_wGJawGudk trdef@rcscif wpfnu udkjidrf;u“b0oHo&m”oDcsif;udkqdkygw,f? aemufwpfae@ reufusawmh axmif(7)ESpfusoGm;vdk@ oD;oef@axmifAl;0uae usaemfwdk@udk vufuav;jy+yD; tif;pdefaxmif}uD;u taqmif(1)udka&mufoGm;ygawmhw,f? oD;oef@axmifrSm tcsKyfb0eJ@ ae&if; tjyifbufrSm tajctaeawG t&rf;qdk;aewm wtm;odomaeygw,f? tjyifzufrSm zrf;qD;r_awG rsm;vGef;wma=umifh oD;oef@tusOf;axmifxJrSm ppfa=uma&;pcef;wpfck topfzGifhvSpfvdkuf+yD; axmufvSrf;a&;rsm;rSm wdk;csJh ppfaq;aeygawmhw,f? oD;oef@tusOf;axmifxJudk ausmif;om;awGeJ@ trsdK;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf&Jh *E<Dcef;ra=ujimpm wrf;1/90 udkaxmufcH=uwJh jynfhol@v$wfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fawG axmifxJudk jynfhESufaeatmif

a&mufvmygw,f? jynfhol@v$wfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fawG zrf;qD;cH&wmeJ@ yufouf+yD; e0wu v$wfawmf trwfawGudk ppfa}uma&;awGrjyKvkyfyJ vufywfem&DawG/ wdkufyHktuFsD taumif;pm;awGeJ@awG@&awmh olwdk@udk ususeeaoaocsmcsmxm;w,f/ pm;csifwmudkpm;&w,f/ aq;0g;tultnDeJ@ a&udkvnf; 00vifvif csdK;&w,fvdk@ =um;&ygw,f? olwdk@eJ@usGefaemfwdk@udk rsufESmcsif;qHkcGifh ray;ygbl;? aemufusrS pHkprf;=unfhawmh jynfol@v$wfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fawGvnf; usGefawmfwdk@eJ@ bmrS rxl;jcm;bl;qdkwm od&ygawmhw,f? yHkpHyJ[if;pm;/ olwdk@,dkwJhcsD; olwdk@cs&wmyg? a&csdL;vnf; yHkpHyef;uefjym;eJ@ csdK;&wmyJ jzpfygw,f? jynfhol@v$wfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fawGrSm touft&G,f}uD;&ifholawGvnf; yg0if=uwmrdk@ axmif&Jh 'kuQudk cHpm;&ygw,f? yxr=um;&wJh owif;u atmf*sufowif;}uD;jzpfygw,f? atmf*sufqdkwmu rrSefowif;udk qdkvdkwJh t"dy`g,fjzpfygw,f? (p) &ref,ljyef+yD; usaemfwdk@ae&wJh oD;oef@axmifrSm vludkvlvdkqufqHwJh axmif0efxrf;awGeJ@qHk&&if nzufqdk oDcsif;udk tcef;wcef;udk wpfyk'fqdk=uygw,f? xl;tdrfoif&Jh tar@tdrfoDcsif;u npOfwpfyk'favmufawmh ygpjrJygyJ? usaemfuawmh oDcsif;a[mif;awG tqdkrsm;wma}umifh tm;vHk;u a&'D,dkvdk@ uifyGef;wyftm;ay; =uygw,f? wyfOD;tr_wGJawGtm;vHk; trdef@cs+yD;vdk@ axmif}uD;udk ajymif;+yD;oGm;awmh axmifuszdk@ usefaeao;wJh usaemfwdk@(7)a,muftvSnfh a&mufvmygw,f? w&m;&Hk;xkwf&if tdrfurdbawGeJ@ awG@&rSmrdk@ ajymrJhpum; awGudk pDumywfuHk; pOf;pm;ae&if; &ifckefaerdygao;w,f? usaemfwdk@awGudk &Hk;xkwfrJ@ae@ a&mufawmh oD;oef@Al;0udk xGufvm&ygw,f? tJ'DrSm axmufvSrf;a&;awGeJ@ trsdK;orD; w&m;ol}uD;udk awG@&ygw,f? w&m;ol}uD;trsdK;orD;u usaemfwdk@ tr_wGJawGtwGuf &ref(&ufcsdef;) ESpfywfxyf ,lvdkufw,fvdk@ajym+yD; usaemfwdk@udk oD;oef@axmifxJ jyefydk@vdkufygw,f? 'Dwacguf tdrfurdom;pkawGeJ@awG@zdk@ rjzpfEdkifawmhwm od&wJhtcg pdwfxJwrsdK;}uD; jzpfoGm;ygawmhw,f? 'Dtcsdefqdk&if bm;vrf;(pwD;0yf)tcsKyfrSm tdrfurdbawG tif;pdefaxmifuvmwJh tcsKyfum; rSefor# rSm usGefaemfwdk@udk tarmwaum&SmazG=urSm awG;+yD; oufjyif;armwpfck csvdkufygw,f? nae axmifydwfoHacsmif; acgufwJhtcgrSm tay:xyfu xdkif;tusOf;orm;awG&Jh bk&m;&Sdcdk;oH xGufay:vmygw,f? (q) ppfcHk&Hk;rSm wdkifjynfudk cspfwJholawG tcsKyfb0eJ@ usaemfwdk@ tr_wGJawG wpf}udrfom w&m;&Hk;xGuf&ygw,f? 1990/ atmufwdkbmv 29&ufae@u a&mufawmh usaemfwdk@tr_wGJawG tm;vHk;udk ae@vnfrSm tif;pdefAl;0rSm&SdwJh txl;ppfcHk&kH;udk

ac:oGm;ygw,f? txl;ppfcHk&Hk;udka&mufawmh usaemfywf0ef;usifudk a0h0J=unfhvdkufygw,f? w&m;&Hk;&Jh tv,fwnfhwnfhrSm EdkifiHawmfwHqdyfudk csdwfxm;ygw,f? wHqdyf&Jh b,fzufrSmawmh trsdK;om;acgif;aqmif}uD; AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;&Jh "gwfyHkudk csdwfxm;ygw,f? "gwfyHkxJrSm AdkvfcsKyfu usaemfudk tm;ay;aewJh t+yHK;eJ@awG@&w,fvdk@ pdwfxJrSm cHpm;rdw,f? usaemf&ifxJ tenf;i,f+idrfoufoGm;ygw,f? nmzuftjcrf;rSmawmh EdkifiH&Jhvlowfaumifae0if; ppf,leDazmif;0wfxm;+yD; +yHK;aewJht+yHK;[m usaemfwdk@udk avSmif&,faeovm; atmufarh&ygw,f? olt+yHK;udk awG@&awmh cg;oufoGm;ygw,f? eH&HeJh uyf&yfpifjrifhrSm pm;yGJcHkwvHk;eJ@ xdkifcHk(3)vHk;csxm;ygw,f? pm;yGJcHkrSmawmh uvyfwpfckeJ@ uwWDygtkyfxm;wJh pmtkyfawGudkawG@&ygw,f? usaemfwdk@udk trdef@cscgeD;awmh ppfwyfAdkvfr_}uD;(3)a,muf cHkay:rSm ae&m,lygw,f? +yD;awmh yef;bJwef;+rdK@e,fu &Jpcef;r_;u axmufvSrf;a&;awGa&;ay;xm;wJh rw&m;vkyf}uHcsufawGudk zwfjyygw,f? pGJcsufawGudkzwfjy+yD;awmh w&m;ol}uD;vkyfwJh Adkvfr_;}uD;(3)a,mufu “bmwifjyp&m&Sdao;vJ” qdk+yD; usaemfwdk@udk ar;ygw,f? usaemfwdk@uvnf; bmrS wifjyp&mr&Sdbl;vdk@ jyefajymvdkufawmh &efukefwdkif;ppfXmecsKyf/ ukef;jrifhom,mu usaemfwdk@wpfOD;csif;pD&Jh emrnfawGeJh ay;vdkufwJh pmtdyfawGudk azmufygawmhw,f? tJ'D pmtdwfxJrSm uscH&rJhjypf'%feJ@ tvkyf=urf; awGudk a&;xm;wm jzpfygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm ppfcHk&Hk;u usGefaemfwdk@udk “oifwdk@rSmtjypf&Sdvm;/ r&Sdbl;vm;”vdk@xyfar;ygw,f? olwdk@tJ'Dvdk ar;wJhtcgrSm tjypfr&Sda=umif; jiif;qdk&if ppfcHk&Hk;rSmyJ jypf'%fxyfwdk;ygw,f? usaemfwdk@a&S@rSmxdkifaewJh Adkvfr_;awG xyfwdk;wJhtcgolwdk@ vkyfcsifovdk vkyfydkifcGifh&Sd+yD;/ jypf'%favsmhaygh tcgusawmh vkyfydkifcGifh r&Sdbl;vdk@ od&ygw,f? usaemfwdk@ tr_awGudk atmufygtwdkif; jypf'%fcsrSwfvdkufygw,f// (1)?udkatmifxGef;-&efukefpufr_wuUodkvfausmif;om; (1950jynfhESpfta&;ay:pDrHcsuf tufOya' yk'fr 5(n)t& tvkyf=urf;eJ@ axmif'%f(5)ESpf) (2)? udknDaxG;cdkif- oHk;a&mifjc,f ausmif;om;tzGJ@ (1950jynfhESpfta&;ay:pDrHcsuf tufOya' 5(n)t& tvkyf=urf;ESifhaxmif'%f(4)ESpf) (3)?udkom;nGef@OD;- aq;wuUodkvfausmif;om; (1950jynfhESpfta&;ay:pDrHcsuf tufOya'yk'fr 5(n) tvkyf=urf;ESifhaxmif'%f(5)ESpf) (4)?udk&Jarmfxl;- (tajccHynmausmif;om;rsm;or*~) &efukefwdkif; (1950jynfhESpfta&;ay: pDrHcsuftufOya'yk'fr 5(n)t& tvkyf}urf;ESifhaxmif'%f(4)ESpf) (5)?udk&JausmfpGm-(tajccHynmausmif;om;rsm;o*~) &efukefwdkif;(1950jynfhESpfta&;ay:pDrHcsuf tufOya' yk'fr 5(n)t& tvkyf=urf;ESifhaxmif'%f(3)ESpf) (6)? udkaevif;-(tajccHynmausmif;om;rsm;or*~)&efukefwdkif; (1950jynfhESpfta&;ay:pDrHcsuf tufOya' yk'fr 5(n)t& tvkyf=urf;ESifhaxmif'%f(5)ESpf) usaemfwdk@ tr_wGJawG&Jh tdrfawGtoD;oD;u tif;pdefaxmifAl;0rSmwpfokwf/ bm;vrf;(pwD;0yf)tcsKyfrSmeJ@ +rdK@e,fw&m;&Hk;rSmwpfokwf vlpkcGJ+yD; apmifhae=uygw,f? usaemfwdk@&Jhowif;udk em;pGifh&mrS usaemfwdk@udk tif;pdefaxmifAl;0rSm &Hk;xkwf+yD;ppfcHk&Hk;rSm trdef@cs vdkufwJhta=umif;udk axmifAl;0rSmapmifhaewJh wpfokwfuawG@oGm;+yD; usefwJhtdrftoD;oD;udk csufcsif; ta=umif;=um; vdkufwma=umifh trdef@cst+yD;rSm usaemfwdk@awG tdrfeJ@acwWawG@&ygw,f? usaemfwdk@&Jhjypf'%f awGudk=um;vdkuf&wJh tdrfawGtoD;oD;u vlawGu idkawmhr,fhrsufESmawG/ 0rfenf;a=uuGJaewJh rsufESm awGeJ@awG@&ygw,f? usaemfwdk@&Jh tr_wGJawGtm;vHk;[m usaemfwdk@&Jh,Hk=unfcsufa=umifh e0w&Jhtjypf'%fudk&ifqdkifzdk@ wufºuGwJhrsufESmrsdK;awGeJ@ &Sdaeygw,f? usaemfwdk@awG rdbawGeJ@ pum;ajymaecsdefrSm usaemfwdk@udk trdef@cscJhwJh ppfcHk&Hk;u Adkvfr_;}uD;aw Gvm=unfhygw,f? tJ'DrSm usaemfwdk@xJu rdom;pkwpfpku

“usrom;av;u wdkif;jynfodyfcspfwmav/ 'ga=umifh olodyfcspfwJh wdkif;jynfu ol@udk qkvmbf awGcsvdkufwmaygh” vdk@ a=ua=uuGJuGJ}uD; ajymcsvdkufawmh tJ'DAdkvfr_;}uD;awG rsufESmysufoGm; =uygw,f? 'DudpPu olwdk@eJ@ roufqdkifa=umif;/ txuf&Jh trdef@t& jyKvkyfwmjzpfa=umif;/ olwdk@taeeJ@ udk,fcsif;pmyga=umif; ajym+yD; usaemfwdk@awG[m ausmif;om;awGjzpfvdk@ pmjyefoifcsif&if t,lcHv$m wifzdk@vnf; wdkufwGef;ygw,fvdk@ ajym+yD;usGefawmfwdk@tem;uae xGufoGm;ygw,f? rdom;pkawGeJ@ usaemfwdk@awG wpfOD;udkwpfOD; tjyeftvSeftm;ay;aerdygawmhw,f? usaemfwdk@ wawGwdkufcJhwJh wdkufyGJu ratmifjrifao;vdk@ &efol&Jh tEdkif&r_atmufudk usaemfwdk@ a&mufcJhwmyJjzpfw,f? 'gayr,fh usaemfwdk@wdkufyGJawG r+yD;qHk;ao;bl;qdkwm usaemfwdk@ arhxm;vdk@rjzpfygbl;? atmifyGJrpcif pyf=um;rSm usaemfwdk@wawG&Jh ay;qyfr_[m &efoludk wkefv_yf ajcmufjcm;oGm;ap&ygr,f? 'ga=umifh jrefrmEdkifiHrSm emrnfqdk;eJ@ ausmf=um;aewJh tif;pdefaxmif}uD;xJudk usaemfwdk@awGtm;vHk; &ifaumh+yD; =unfhvdkufygw,f? tcef;(4) (u) tyfxnftvkyfcH&jcif; usaemfwdk@awG axmifus+yD;jzpfvdk@ oD;oef@axmifrSm&SdwJh tcsKyfcef;uae axmifusaqmifu taqmif(1)udk ajymif;ae&ygw,f? axmifus+yD; wpfywfavmuftxdawmh oD;oef@rSm ae&ygao;w,f? aemufrS jrefrmjynfaxmifawGxJu emrnf}uD; “tif;pdefA[dk pHjy tusOf;axmif”udkusaemfwdk@ tr_wGJawG tm;vHk;ajymif;a&$@ &ygw,f? tif;pdefaxmif&Jh A[dkcsufrjzpfwJh rdef;a*s;vfudka&mufawmh usGefawmfwdk@ tr_wGJawGudk taqmifwpfaqmifpD cGJ+yD;ydk@ vdkufygawmhw,f? usaemfuawmh trSwf(4) tdyfaqmifudk a&mufoGm;ygw,f? usaemfae&wJh taqmifuaxmifr_; atmif}uD; vdk@ac:ygw,f? usaemf a&mufa&mufcsif; axmifpnf;urf;awGeJ@ yufouf+yD; =o0g'ydk@csvdkufwm tenf;qHk;(5) em&D avmuf=umoGm;ygw,f? ae@cif;xJu axmifxJrSm b,fvdkae&r,f pwmawGudk r+yD;qHk;Edkifatmifudk ajymaewm axmifydwfwJh tcsdefxdyJjzpfygw,f? odyfr=umcifrSmyJ awmifOuUvmyu yef;csD/ &kyfjy/ umwGef;q&m udkbdkbdkxGef;[m 5(n)eJ@ usaemfwdk@&Jh taqmifudk a&mufvmygawmhw,f? olvnf; axmifr_;atmif}uD;&Jh =o0g'awGudk em&Daygif;rsm; pGm cHvdkuf&ygao;w,f? tif;pdefaxmifr}uD;udk a&muf+yD; wpfywfavmuft=umrSm axmifydkifu ac:cdkif;w,fqdk+yD; usaemfhudk vmac:ygw,f? usaemfvnf;bkrod brodeJ@ rdef;a*s;udkxGuf+yD; axmifydkifOD;vS=unfeJ@ awG&ygw,f? axmifydkifOD;vS=unfu usaemfhudk aoaocsmcsm pdkuf=unfh+yD; “rif;udk txufvl}uD;awGu ighudktyfxm;w,f” qdk+yD; axmifwGif;vHk+cHKa&;udpPawGrSm olwdk@tusOf;OD;pD;Xme(t/ u/ p)u vl}uD;awGeJ@ yl;aygif;+yD; owif;ay;(informer)vkyfzdk@ wdkufwGef;ygawmhw,f? aemuf+yD; usaemfaewJhtaqmifu axmifr_; atmif}uD; udkac:+yD; “'Daumifhudk=unfhxm;vdkuf” vdk@ajymvdkufygw,f? usaemftaqmifudk jyefa&mufawmh tvkyfwm0efawG toD;oD;udk axmifus tusOf;om;awGudk csygw,f? tJ'DrSmusGefawmfu tjcm; 5(n)awGenf;wl awmif,mrvkyf&yJ oufomwJh yef;+cH qdkwJh bkwfudkcsay;ygw,f? usaemfvnf; axmifuswm bmrSr=umao;awmh tajctaeawG tm;vHk;udk aoaocsmcsmrodao;vdk@ taqmifu 5(n)awGudk tusdK;ta=umif; ar;=unfh&ygw,f?

tJ'DtcgrSm olwdk@u “tJ'grif;udk tyfxnf vkyfvdkufwm”vdk@ajymygw,f? usaemfu tyfxnf qdkwmbmrSef;rodawmh olwdk@udkyJ jyefar;&ygw,f? “tyfxnfqdkwm bmvJAs” “axmifydkif&Jh abmufcsmayghuGm” “cifAsm;wdk@[mawGu bmawGvJAs/ usaemfbmrSem;rvnfawmhbl;” “'DvdkuG” qdk+yD; tyfxnfwdk@/ abmufcsmwdk@&Jh t"dy`g,fudk &Sif;jyygawmhw,f? axmifxJrSm tusOf;OD;pD;Xmeu y pm;ay;xm;wJh a&ay:qD vlwef;pm;awGudk axmiftac:a0:t& “tyfxnf/ abmufcsm” vdk@ac:ygw,f? usaemf enf;enf;awGa0oGm;ygw,f? usaemfhaqGrsdK;todkif;t0dkif;xJrSm (t/ u/ p)u0efxr;f awG&Sdw,fqdkwmvnf; wpfcgrSr=um;rdzl;yg? usaemfhtdrfu rdbawGursm; axmifydkifawGudk aiGay;+yD;awmh usaemf axmifxJrSm ae&xdkif& tqifajyatmif vkyfwmrsdK;vm;qdk+yD; awG;=unfhrdygao;w,f? 'gayr,fh vHk;0rjzpfEdkifbl; qdkwm usaemf odygw,f? usaemfhtrdef@cswJhae@rSm usaemftwGuf 'DvdkyHkpHrsdK; =unfhcdkif;wmawG bmawGrvkyfzdk@ usaemfhudpP usaemfhbmom &Sif;&r,fvdk@ ajymcJhygao;w,f? 'gayr,fhpdwfrcsao;vdk@ axmif0ifpmvmwJhae@rSm tdrfudkar;=unfhawmh usaemftdrfu 'grsdK;vkyfwm 0goemrygbl;vdk@ jyefajzygao;w,f? 'ga=umifh 'DudpPudk usaemf acgif;xJu xkwfxm;vdkufygw,f? usaemfwdk@ axmifr_;atmif}uD;u usaemfeJ@ bdkbdkxGef;uvGJ&if usefwJh 5(n)awGudk =unfhr& jzpfaewmudk usaemfowdxm;rdygw,f? tjcm;5(n)awGudk tjypfawGwrsdK;+yD; wpfrsdK;vdkuf&Sm+yD; jy\em vkyfaewmvnf; aw@G&ygw,f? wpf&ufrSm e0wywWjrm; tr_wGJawGjzpfwJh rEWav;u aejynfawmfoef;xGef;eJ@ tr_wGJ(3)a,muf usaemfwdk@ taqmifudk axmifustjzpf a&mufvmygw,f? olwdk@&Jh yk'fru EdkifiHawmfypPnf;tvGJoHk;jyKvkyfr_ 6/ 1 jzpf+yD; axmif(25)ESpfusvmwJholawGjzpfygw,f? olwdk@awG[m “tyfxnf” awGjzpfygw,f? axmifuswm &ufydkif;yJ&Sdayr,fh w&kyfEdkifiHvkyf rsufESmokwf yk0g}uD;awGtxnf(20)avmufcif;+yD; tdyf,mcif;vkyftdyfwJhaumif jzpfygw,f? tvkyfcswJhtcgusawmh axmifr_;atmif}uD;ukd,fwdkif yef;+cHbkwfrSmvdkufcsay;ygw,f? (c) usD;uef;rsdK;awG&Jh awmif,mavbm tefwkyGJ bmrS tvkyfrrsm;vSwJh yef;+cHbkwfrSm tusOf;om;awG rw&m;jynfhESufae+yD; wu,fhudk yifyef;vSwJh awmif,m tvkyfbkwfrSmawmh vltiftm;enf;enf;av;eJ@ rw&m;cdkif;aewmudk awG@&ygw,f? axmifr_;atmif}uD;u awmif,mtwGuf vdktyfaewJhypPnf;awGukd wm0eft& raqmif&Gufay;yJ awmif,mbkwfu tusOf;om;awGudk jy\em wpfckr[kwfwpfck vdkuf&Smaeygw,f? r=umcifrSmyJ 5(n)trsm;tjym;tvkyfvkyfaewJh awmif,mbkwfeJ@ axmifr_;atmif}uD;wdk@ jy\emp jzpfygawmhw,f? jzpfyHku wpfreufrSm awmif,m&Jh ta&Shbufjcrf;eJ@ taemufbufjcrf;udk a&avmif;zdk@twGuf a&tjynfhxrf;vmwJh 5(n)wpfOD;(ol@emrnfu ausmfausmfvif;vdk@yJ usaemfrSwfrdygawmhw,f)[m a&o,f&if; acsmfvJoGm;ygw,f? acsmfvJwJh '%fa=umifh o@lcrsm cg;emoGm;ygw,f? olcg;emoGm;wma=umifh tjcm; 5 (n)awGu“'Dwae@awmhrif;em;vdkufygOD;”vdkqdk+yD; aemufwpfae@rS jyefvkyfcdkif;ygw,f? 'ga=umifh olvnf; taqmif(4)taemufzufu bk&m;0if;xJrSmxdkif+yD; em;aeygw,f? tJ'gudk axmifr_;atmif}uD; awG@oGm;+yD; awmif,mbkwfudkifudk ac:vdkufygw,f? +yD;awmh bkwfudkifudk

“'Daumifu olrsm;awG tvkyfvkyfaewJhtcsdef bmxdkifvkyfaewmvJ/ ac:cdki;fprf;” vdk@ajymawmh awmif,mbkwfudkifu a&avmif;ae&if;acsmfvJ+yD; cg;em oGm;wma=umifh em;cdkif;xm;wmygvdk@ jyefajzvdkuf ygw,f? axmifr_;atmif}uD;&Jh rsufESm&_HŒrJhoGm;ygw,f? “ightaqmifrSmae&if aq;&Hkuq&m0ef&Jh axmufcHpmygwJh aq;em;vufrSwf ryg&if b,faumifrS em;vdk@ r&bl;/ tvkyfvkyf&r,f? 'Daumifhudk tckac:cdkif;prf;” awmif,mbkwfudkifuvnf; axmifr_;atmif}uD;udk b,fvdkrS&Sif;jyvdk@ r&wma=umifh cg;emoGm;wJh wpfa,mufudk tvkyfcdkif;&ygw,f? tJ'DrSm tjcm;5(n)awGu awG@oGm;+yD; jy\em[m rD;awmufwpfckvdk }uD;xGm; oGm;ygawmhw,f? tjcm; 5(n)awGu awmif,mbkwfudkifudk ol@udkay;em;vdkufyg/ ol@udk,fpm;usaemfwdk@ 2q 0dkif;+yD; ydkvkyfay;yghr,f vdk@0dkif;ajym=uygw,f? e*dkuwnf;u5(n)awGudktjypfwrif vdkuf&SmaewJh atmif}uD;[m 'DudpPudk vHk;0vufrcHEdkifbl; jzpfoGm;ygw,f? 'gha=umifh usefwJh5(n)awG tcsif;csif;wdkifyif+yD; tusOf;om;wpfa,muf tvkyfvkyf&if; xdcdkufoGm;wmudk xdkufoifhwJhtcGifhta&; ray;yJ tvkyfudk t"rR qufcdkif;aeygu taqmif&Sdusef 5(n)tusOf;om;awGyg tvkyfqufrvkyfEdkifawmhbl; vdk@ axmifr_; atmif}uD;udk ajymvdkufygw,f? tJ'DrSm axmifr_;atmif}uD;u olqifxm;wJh tuGuf0if+yD qdk+yD;rxDw&D +yHK;vdkufygw,f? “tvkyfrvkyfEdkifbl;vdk@ ajymwJhaumifawG pm&if;ay;” qdk+yD; pm&if;awmif;ygawmhw,f? pm&if;awG tm;vHk;&wJhtcgrSm olwrifvkyf}uHxm;wJh ta=umif;eJ@ pm&if;udk rdef;a*s;vfrSm&SdwJh axmifydkifqDudk ydk@vdkufygawmhw,f? taqmif(4)u 5(n) awG tkyfpkzGJ@+yD; EdkifiHa&;qENjyr_ jyKvkyfaeygw,f/ axmiftwGif; qlqlylyljzpfatmif vkyfae+yD; axmiftm%mydkif rsm;&Jh touftEW&m,fudkvnf; &ef&Smaeygw,f/ Oya'udk csdK;azmufaewm jzpfwJhtwGuf tjrefqHk; ta&;,lay;zdk@ vdkygw,f pojzifh rw&m;pGJqdkcsufawGeJ@ axmifydkifvS=unfudk owif;ydk@vdkufygw,f? usaemfvnf; axmifusvmwm r=umao;ayr,fh usaemfwdk@&JabmfawG&Jh rSefuefwJh vkyf&yftay: &yfwnfzdk@twGuf axmifr_;atmif}uD;qDudk usaemfeJ@ bdkbdkxGef;wdk@ ESpfa,mufom; oGm;awG@ygw,f? usaemfwdk@ ESpfa,mufpvHk;uvnf; awmif,mbkwfu olrsm;enf;wl tvkyfrvkyfEdkifbl;vdk@ axmifr_; atmif}uD;udk ajymvdkufygw,f? “rif;wdk@eJ@'DudpPu bmrSrqdkifbl;/ 0ifrygprf;ygeJ@/ aeprf;ygOD; rif;wdk@ubmawGrsm; yifyifyef;yef;vkyf&vdk@ tvkyfrvkyfEdkif&wmvJ” “axmifr_;atmif}uD;&Jh tkyfcsKyfr_atmufrSm raecsifawmhvdk@yg” “atmf/ at;/ &w,fav/ rif;wdk@eHygwf}uD;awGay;/ vl}uD;awGu aumif;w,fxifvdk@ ewfjynfwifay;xm;wm jrifhw,fqdk+yD; ckefcswJhaumifawG/ awG@=uao;wmaygh” “----------” “usD;uef;rsdK;awG/ wpfa,mufxd 0dkif;tm=uwJhaumifawG” axmifr_;atmif}uD; a'go}uD;}uD;a&&Gwfaewkef; usaemfwdk@ESpfa,muf &Hk;cef;xJuae xGufvmcJh ygw,f? aemuf pnfol0if;vJ axmifuswm &ufydkif;yJ&Sdao;+yD; usaemfwdk@ taqmif(4)udk a&mufvmwm r=umao;ygbl;? ol@udk bmwm0efrSawmif rcs&ao;ygbl;? pnfol0if;[m awmif,mbkwfrSm jzpfwJhtjzpftysufudk csufcsif; oabmaygufoGm;+yD; tvkyfudpPeJ@ywfouf+yD; axmifr_;atmif}uD;udk oGm;awG@ygw,f? axmifr_;atmif}uD;u “rif;ubmudpPvJ” “usaemfvJ tvkyfrvkyfEdkifwJhol pm&if;vmay;wmyg” axmifr_;atmif}uD; rsufvHk;jyL;xGufoGm;+yD; wtHhw=o jzpfoGm;ygw,f?

“rif;udk b,folu tvkyfwm0ef ay;xm;ao;vdk@vJ/ rae@wae@urS axmifusvm+yD; &ufydkif;awmif r&Sdao;bl;/ bmvJ/ rif;wdk@&JabmfawGeJ@ twlwlvdkufcsifvdk@vm;/ &w,f/ aemuf vdkufcsifao;wJh aumif&Sd&ifajymOD;aemf” ae@vnfydkif;rSm &efukefpufr_wuUodkvfu aZmf&J0if;eJ@ pdk;cwdk@u jzpfcJ@wJhjy\em tajctae tao;pdwfudk axmifydkif vS=unfqD oGm;wifjyygw,f? axmifr_;atmif}uD;[m 5(n)EdkifiHa&; tusOf; om;rsm;udk wrifjy\em vdkuf&Smae+yD; jy\emtao;tzGJ udktus,fcsJ@um axmifydkifxH taumuf}uH+yD; vdrfvnfwifjy wmjzpfa=umif;/ 5(n)awGtay: tjrifr=unfvifwJh axmifr_; tkyfcsKyfa&;ae&mrSm jy\em wpfckr[kwfwpfckjzpf aerSmjzpfa=umif;/ 'gha=umifh axmifr_; atmif}uD; udk taqmif(4)uae z,f&Sm;ay;zdk@/ 'grSr[kwf&if taqmif(4)u EdkifiHa&;tusOf;orm;rsm;udk tjcm; taqmif wpfckckudkajymif;a&$hay;zdk@ axmifydkifudk wifjy=uygw,f? rdef;a*s;vfrSm&SdwJh axmiftm%mydkifawGuvJ olwdk@0efxrf; axmifr_;atmif}uD; ajymor#udkom vufcHxm;+yD; 5(n)awG&Jh wifjycsufawGudk tom;av;rSdef;+yD; em;axmifaeygw,f? +yD;awmh taqmifrSm &SdwJh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;(60)cef@udkac:+yD; “rif;wdk@ tvkyfrvkyf&ifawmh taqmifrSm rae&bl;/ uGm(av#mh&uf)vJtjzwfcH&r,f/ 'Dawmh rif;wdk@awG wdkufxJrSm oGm;ae&r,f” vdk@ajymygw,f? wdkufxJoGm;ae&r,f qdk+yD; EdkifiHa&; tusOf;orm;awGudk xm;wJhwdkufcef;awGudk rydk@yJ txl;wdkuftaemufzufu tvkyf0if;}uD;xJrSm&SdwJh ppfacG;wdkufudk usaemftygt0if EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;5(n)awG 60ausmfudk ydk@vdkufygawmhw,f? (*) ppfacG;wdkufu i&Jcef; usaemfwdk@tm;vHk; ppfacG;wdkufudka&mufawmh ajcusif;awG a'gufawG pcwfcH&ygw,f? a'gufeJ@ ajcusif; pcwfcHvdkuf&wJh tcsdefup+yD; tusOff;OD;pD;Xme/ &efukefwdkif;axmiftkyfpk n$ef=um;a&;r_; 'kwd, Adkvfr_;}uD; cifarmifvwfu tvkyfrvkyfwJh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om; tm;vHk;udk wdkufydwfa'gufcwf jypf'%f(1)vtjzpf trdef@pm xkwfjyefvdkufygw,f? ppfacG;axmifrSm tcef;aygif;(10)cef;wdwd &Sd+yD; usaemfwdk@awGudk (6)a,mufwpfokwfcGJ+yD; tcef;wpf cef;pDrSm xnfhxm;um aomhcwfvdkufygw,f? usaemfuawmh tcef;(9)rSmae&ygw,f? c%=um awmh “(1)cef;xGuf”qdk+yD; wdkufyHkp Harmif;ygawmhw,f? wdkufyHkpHu usaemfwdk@awG axmifuscgp u oifjy xm;wJ@ yHkpHawGr[kwfawmhyJ ppfacG;wdkuf(jypf'%fwdkuf)&Jh yHkpHudkxyf+yD;oifygw,f? tJ'Dvdkoif wJhtcgrSm axmif0efxrf;awG ta,muf(20)avmuf 0dkif;+yD;wpftkef;tkef;eJ@ p+yD; &dkufygawmhw,f? tkwfeH&HawGxJu [def;xGufvmwJh &dkufoHawG/ atmf[pfoHawG[m urBmysufrwwf qlxGufvmygw,f? “ajzmif;² ² ²ajzmif;” “'kwf” “tm;” “tara& ² ² ² aoyg+yD;As” “'kwf² ² ² 'kwf” “cGyf” “tm;”

i,foHygatmif atmfaewJhtoHawG=um;rS jrif;vHk;wkwf(opfom;wkwf)/ *ef;ydkuf(yvwfpwpfydkufxJ rSm}udrfxnfhxm;wJ@wkwf)awG&Jh &dkufESufoHwbkef;bkef;u rSefrSef}uD;xGufay:aeygw,f? rsufpdudkpHkrSdwf xm; vdkufcsdefrSm usaemfwpfudk,fvHk; wqwfqwfwkefaewm udkawG@&ygw,f? usaemfu tcef;(9)rSmuswmqdkawmh tcef;(1)uae(8)xd&dkufESufoHawG/ usaemfwdk@ 5(n)awG&Jh rcsdrqef@ atmf[pfoHawG a=umufrufzG,f aumif;avmufatmif =um;ae&ygw,f? “tm;” “'kwf” “cGyf” “ajzmif;” ausmxJ pdrf@ueJ at;oGm;ygw,f? usaemfhab;u bdkbdkxGef;crsm tom;awG/ E_wfcrf;awGu wqwfqwfwkefaewmudk awG@&awmh usaemfvSrf;+yD;tm;ay;vdkufygw,f? tjcm;cef;awGu &dkufESufr_a=umifh tom;pawG zwfueJ/zwfueJ usaemfwdk@tcef;em; udkvmpifygw,f? tJ'D tom;pawGudkjrif+yD; bdkbdkxGef;u qwfueJ xatmfvdkufygw,f? [m² ² r[kwfygbl;/ 'gopfom;pawGyg/ 'DaumifawG tkwfeH&HawGudk &dkufaewmyg qdk+yD; bdkbdkxGef; udktm;ay; &ygw,f? usaemf tm;ay;vdkufovdk opfom;pawGyJjzpfygapvdk@ qkawmif;+yD; wkefv_yfaewJh usaemfh&Jhpdwfudk jyef+yD; ajzav#mhaeygw,f? atmf[pfoHawG/ &dkufESufaewJhtoHawGu wjznf;jznf; usaemfwdk@tcef;em; udka&mufvmygw,f? toHawGu wjznf;jznf; eD;uyfvmaeygw,f? ppfacG;wdkufrSm emrnfqdk;eJ@ emrnf}uD;aewJh 0efxrf;uawmh wifarmifvGifqdkwJh wpfa,mufygyJ? usaemfwdk@vdk 5(n)EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awGu ol@udk&GH&Smrkef;wD;vGef;vdk@ (csOfaygifyif)vdk@ emrnfzsuf ay;xm; ygw,f? rsufESmrSm ausmufaygufrmawG tazG;om;eJ@ ol@rsufESm 0dkif;0dkif;av;udk rsufrSefwyfxm;ao;wJh 'kwyf=uyf csOfaygifyif[m usaemfhwoufrSm vlpdwftifrwef uif;rJ@+yD; &ufpufwJh ae&mrSmvnf; emrnf }uD;vSwJholvdk@ vlrsdK;udk rawG@zl;ao;ygbl;? rsufESmrSm bDvl;jyHK;+yHK;+yD; ol@vufxJuwkwfeJ@ tusOf;om;awGudk aovkarsmyg; &dkufwwfygw,f? ppfacG;udk wm0efcHtkyfcsKyfwJh wyf=uyf}uD;OD;uefjrifh(bdkuH)u csOfaygifyif xufawmfao; w,fqdk ayr,f h “5(n) om; pm;&cJw,fuG” qdk+yD; &dkufESufwJhae&mrSm vufoHajymifwJhol wpfOD;yJjzpfygw,f? axmifxJrSm ydefydefoG,foG,feJ@ rsufrSefwyfwJh axmifr_; aemufwpfa,muf &Sdygao;w,f? wpfcgwkef;u tusOf;om;wpfa,mufudk &dkufESufqHk;rwm vufvGefoGm;+yD; tusOf;om;&Jh rsufvHk;wpfvHk; usGwfxGufoGm;zl;ygw,f? 'gayr,fh t&m&Sd axmifr_;u 'DtD;0if+yD;(6)vt=umrSm axmifr_;}uD; &mxl;ay;vdkufygw,f? axmifwpfckvHk;u emZD vufxufu emrnf}uD;vlowfaumif&Jh emrnfudk ol@udkay;vdkufygw,f? “*pfpwmydk”wJh? ol@udk *pfpwmydk vdk@yJ od=uygw,f? atmfoHawG &dkufESufoHawG acwWwdwfqdwfoGm;+yD; r=umcifrSm ppfacG;wdkuf0efxrf;awG usaemfwdk@ tcef;a&SŒ a&mufvmygawmhw,f? usaemfwdk@udk tcef;jyifudkxkwf+yD; yHkpHarmif;&r,fhae&mudk ac:oGm;ygw,f? a&mufa&mufcsif; “acG;rom;/ tvkyfrvkyfcsifwJhaumifawG” qdk+yD; bmrajym/ nmrajymeJ@p+yD; &dkufESufygawmhw,f? usaemfhausmay: opfom;wkwfwpfck jyKwfus vmygw,f? “'kwf” “tifh”

ausmukef;wpfckvHk;pyf zsOf;zsOf; jzpfoGm;+yD; wkwfawGtqufrjywf ausmay: a&mufvmygw,f? cg;u aumhueJjzpfoGm;+yD; aemufxyf tqufrjywfwkwfawG ae&mtESHh0ifvmygw,f? acgif;udkrxdrdatmif umxm;wJh usaemfwdk@&Jh vufawGudk jzwf&dkufvdkufygw,f? vufawGu rusdK;,Hkwr,fjzpfoGm;+yD; a0'emudk ododomom cHpm;vdkuf&ygw,f? acgif;udkvufeJ@ rum&JawmhyJ wwfEdkifoa&GŒ atmufudkom iHk@xm; vdkuf ygw,f? “'kwf . . .'kwf . . . 'kwf” “ajzmif;” “t. . .” usaemfwdk@tcef;u(6)a,mufpvHk;udk tm;yg;w& &dkufESuf+yD;rS wdkufyHkpHudk parmif;ygw,f? usaemfwdk@ ajcaxmufawGrSm a'gufawG/ ajcusif;awG cwfxm;wma=umifh vGwfvGwfvyfvyf v_yf&Sm;vdk@r&ygbl;? 'gudk tcGifhaumif;,l+yD; “acG;rom;awG/ aES;w,f/ jrefjrefvkyf”qdk+yD;atmfajymygw,f? ajcusif;awG/ a'gufawGeJ@ 5(n)awG[m om;ydkufaumifawGvdk ckefqGckefqG jzpfaeawmh 'gudk=unfh+yD; ppfacG;0efxrf;awG uoabmus+yD; &,f=uyg w,f? yHkpH/ yHkpH}uD;/ wdkufyHkpH awGudk rrSm; rSm;atmif tjrefvkyfcdkif;+yD; enf;enf;av;rSm;wmeJ@ xyf&dkufjyefygw,f? wpfcef;xJu vlawGeJ@ tcef;csif;nSd+yD; nDatmifvkyfcdkif;/ rnD&ifxyf&dkuf/ aES;&if vnf;&dkufjyefygw,f? wpfcgwpfcg olwdk@cdkif;wJhyHkpHu t&rf;jrefwma=umifh usaemfwdk@ ajcaxmufawGrSm cwfxm;wJ@ ajcusif;eJ@ a'gufawGu vdrfoGm;+yD; vlu0kef;ueJ+ydKvJusygw,f? ajcusif;awG/ a'gufawGwpfckvHk;eJ@ wpfck &_yfaxG;oGm;&if; yHkpH}uD;xdkifvdk@ r&jzpfoGm;ygw,f? tJ'Dtcgusjyefawmh yHkpHrusbl;qdk+yD; xyf&dkufjyefygw,f? awmif,mtvkyfudpPjzpfwJh usaemfwdk@vltkyfu (60)ausmf&Sdygw,f? usaemfhcE<mudk,fay:rSm usa&mufcJhwJh wkwfta&twGuf[m rSwfrSwf&&(64)csuf&Sdygw,f? 'D&dkufESufr_rsdK;udk reufrdk;vif;uwnf;uae naeaxmifydwfwJhtxd ppfacG;wdkufjypf'%fuswJh (1)vtxd ae@pOf&dkufESufcH&ae&ygw,f? wpfae@vHk; &dkufESufcH&+yD; naewdkufxJ jyefa&mufawmh wifyg;eJ@ ausmjyif wpfckvHk;udk acG;&dkuf/ EGm;&dkuf/ t&dkufcH&wma=umifh ndKrnf;+yD;ykwfaeygw,f? wdkufyHkpH}uD;xdkif&wJhtcg (10)rdepfavmuf =umvm+yDqdk&if ajcaxmufawGaumif;aumif;&yfvdk@ r&awmhygbl;? ajcawG/ vufawG wqwfqwfwkefvm+yD; wpfudk,fvHk; rcHr&yfEdkifavmufatmifudk emusOfvmygw,f?'Dvdkjzpfaewmudk ppfacG; 0efxrf;awGu tcGifhaumif;,l+yD; “at;/ cg;uav;udk'Dvdkaumhxm;/ [kwf+yD/ at; . . . 'Dvdk av,mOfysHaeovdkjzpf&r,f” “'kwf” “tifh” olwdk@vufxJrSmtoifhudkifxm;wJh wkwfeJ@ taetxm; rSm;,Gif;aewmudk jyifay;ygw,f? (t/ u/ p)0efxrf;awG[m ociftm;& usGefyg;0jzpfae+yD; 5(n)EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awGudk vlrqefpGm &dkufESuf =ujyefygw,f? bdkbdkxGef;qdk&if tom;jzLwma=umifh ol@wifyg;eJ@ ausmukef;rSm ta&jym;awGpkwf+yD; vefae ygw,f? ol@cENmukd,fay:u t&_d;&mawGay:rSm aoG;awGpkd@wufaeygw,f? 'DacG;rom;awG igwdk@udk rw&m; vkyfwm axmif0ifpmvm&if wdkifr,fqdk+yD; pDpOf=uygao;w,f?'gayr,fh ratmifjrifygbl;? usaemfwdk@5(n)jypf'%f orm;awGudk wdkufydwfwpfveJ@ axmif0ifpmyg ydwfvdkufwmjzpfygw,f? ppfacG;wdkufuae axmifusaqmifqDudk jyefoGm;zdk@ &ufaphawmh usaemfwdk@ wpfOD;csif;pD&Jh wpfudk,fu '%f&mawGudk aoao csmcsm ppfaq;+yD; aq;xnfhay;ygw,f? '%f&mawGtm;vHk; cE<mudk,fuae aysmufoavmuf&SdrS wdkufuae usaemfwdk@udk xkwfygw,f? usaemfwdk@tm;vHk; ppfacG;wdkufuae jyefxGufawmh t&_d;&mawG wa,mufrS rusefawmhygbl;? 'gayr,fh

rw&m; nSif;yrf;/ ESdyfpufcHvdkuf&wJh usaemfwdk@tm;vHk;b0rSm twGif;'%f&mtjzpfeJ@ eufeuf}uD; jzpfoGm; cJhygw,f? i&Jjynfwr#cHpm;cJh&wJh 'DtjzpftysufawGudk usaemfwdk@ 5(n) ajcmufq,fausmf&Jh t&dk;xJrSm aowJhtxd pGJusefaeawmhrSm jzpfygw,f? 1990jynfh atmufwdkbmvudk usaemfwdk@tm;vHk;arhvdk@&rSm r[kwfygbl;? urBma=uaomfvnf; O'gef;ra=uEdkifawmhyg? (C) ppfacG;wdkufrSm ae@pOf axmifxJrSmwm0efcHq&m0ef a'gufwmpdk;=unfqdkwm &Sdygw,f? oluvJtm%myg;uGufom;yDyD tifrwefrS armufrm+yD; q&m0efpdwf"mwf wpfjym;om;rS r&SdwJhq&m0efwpfa,mufygyJ? ppfacG;wdkufrSm nSif;yef;ESdyfpufcHxm;&+yD; usaemfwdk@&wJh '%f&mawGu jrifraumif;atmif ndKrnf;aewmudk oluvm=unfh+yD; “bmrSrjzpfbl;/ igwm0ef,lw,f? toufeJ@ta0;}uD;/ rif;wdk@ukdquf&dkufvdk@&ao;w,f” qdk+yD; ppfacG;0efxrf;awGudk tm;&0rf;ompGm owif;yg;aeao;&Jh? wdkuf(1)vtydwfcH&awmh ppfacG;wdkufxJu usaemfwdk@5(n)ajcmufq,fausmftwGuf jy\emwpfcku a&rcsdK;&/ oGm;rwdkuf&/ rsufESmopfvdk@ r&wJhjy\emygyJ? 'Dxufydk+yD; qdk;&Gm;wmu usaemfwdk@ tcef;usOf;av;xJu vl(6)a,mufpmtwGuf taygh/ tav;oGm;&wJ@ jy\emyJ jzpfygw,f? wdkufwGif;wdkufyGJawGrSm tawG@t}uHK&Sdxm;wJh tjcm;5(n)awGuawmh &SdwJh*efzvm;ESpfvHk;xJu wpfvHk;udk tayghoGm;zdk@twGuf oHk;+yD;/ aemufwpfvHk;udk tav;oGm;zdk@twGuf toHk;jyK=uygw,f? tayghudkawmh usGwfusGwftdwfeJ@xnfh+yD; wdkuf&Jhta&SŒzufu taygufawGuae tjyifzufudk v$wfypf&ygw,f? 'DvdkrvkyfyJ taygheJ@tav;udk a&maESmxm;rd&if wpfywfr=umciftcef;xJ tayghawG v#HuswmawGeJ@ tdk;xJ“avmuf” awGwufvmEdkifygw,f? 'ga=umifh taygheJ@tav;udk cGJoHk;&ygw,f? tav;oGm;+yD;&if *efzvm;udk usGwfuGswftdwfeJ@ zHk;xm;&ygw,f? 'DvdkrzHk;xm;&if tcsdef=umvmwmeJ@tr# avaumif;avoef@ r&Edkifawmhygbl;? usaemfwdk@tm;vHk;udk wpfvwdwd wdkufydwfxm;+yD; rdv†mcscGifhyg ydwfcH&wmjzpfygw,f? usaemfwdk@vnf;tayghudk tdwfeJ@oGm;+yD; olrsm;awGvdkyJ tjyifzufudk ypfcsygw,f? 'Dvdk typfaumif;vdk@ wpf&ufrSm 0efxrf;csOfaygifyifa&mufvm+yD; “'Dtcef;a&S³rSmao;apmfeHw,f”qdk+yD; reufapmapmpD;pD; tjyifxkwf t&dkufcH&ygw,f? e*dk&dkufcHxm;&wJh '%f&mawGtay: xyft&dkufcH&wmrdk@ tom;awG wqwfqwfematmif a0'emudk tvl;tvJcH&ygw,f? nzuf tdyf&m0ifwJhtcgrSmvJ &dkufcHxm;&wJh t&_d;&mawGa=umifh&,f/ ajcaxmufrSmcwfxm;wJh ajcusif;awG/ a'gufawG&,fa=umifh tm;vHk;&ifbwfarSmuf+yD; tdyf&ygw,f? wdkufcef;xJrSmav#mufvdk@ ajcusif;oH enf;enf;av;jrnfcJhygu aemufwpfae@rSm t&dkufcH&zdkk@ usdef;ao ygw,f? usaemfwdk@awGtm;vHk; 0efxrf;csOfaygifyif&Jh wkwfcsufawGatmufrSm '%f&mawGu emusifvGef;vdk@ toHjyif;jyif;eJ@awmif ratmfEdkifawmhyJ wtif;tif;/ wtJtJeJ@om +iD;aeyg&w,f? 0efxrf;csOfaygifu “rif;wdk@ toHawG=um;&wm zDvifawmif wufvmw,f? bvl;um;jyaewm=uaewmyJ” qdk+yD; usaemfwdk@ &Jh +iD;jiLaewJh yg;pyfawGudk twif;vdkufydwfcdkif;+yD; &dkufjyefygw,f? usaemfwdk@eJ@twlwl ppfacG;wdkufrSm axmifwGif;emrnf}uD; vlqdk;awG jzpf=uwJh pdk;jrwf/ wifh[ef/ ausmfol/ odef;atmifqdkwJh &mZ0wf

tusOf;om;awGvnf; &Sdygw,f? olwdk@awGuawmh usaemfwdk@vdk EdkifiHa&;tusOf;orm;awG ae&xdkif&yHkpHawGeJ@ rwlygbl;? axmif0efxrf;awGuvnf; olwdk@udk txl;tcGifhta&; ay;xm;vdk@ ppfacG;wdkufrSm reufydkif; wdkufzGifhwmeJ@ [dk[dk'D'D vGwfvGwf vyfvyf av#mufoGm; ae=uwmudk awG@&ygw,f? tJ'DxJu &mZ0wftusOf;om; ausmfol[m usaemfwdk@5(n)awGudk ESdyfpufwJhae&mrSm olrsm;u(1)csuf&dkuf&if olu(2)csuf&dkufwwfwJhol jzpfygw,f? ppfacG;wdkuf[m ausmfolwdk@vdk &mZ0wf vlqdk;awGtwGuf vdkcsifwmrSefor# tukef&aewJh avmuAdrRmef wpfckjzpfaeygw,f? rl;,pfaq;0g;awGudk axmifxJrSm vGwfvGwfvyfvyf}uD; &&Sdae+yD; tifrwefvHk+cHKvSwJh ppfacG;wdkufrSm rSefrSef}uD; oHk;pGJaeygawmhwm,f? ausmfol[m ppfacG;wdkuf0efxrf; csOfaygifyif r&Sd&if aq;a=umifaewJh rsufvHk;awGeJ@ ppfacG;rSm rif;rlygawmhw,f? usaemfwdk@5(n)awG ausmfolvlyg;0wmudk =unfhr&jzpfaewm tawmf=umaeyg+yD? usaemfeJ@ jy\em jzpfcsifawmh wpf&ufrSm ausmfol usaemfwdk@tcef;xJ a&mufvm ygw,f? “rif;wdk@tm;vHk; tdyf,mvdyfawGjyprf;” qdk+yD; usaemfwdk@ tdyf,mvdyfawGudk wpfa,mufcsif; vdkuf=unfh ygawmhw,f? wpfa,mufudk“[m . .rif;tdyf,mvdyfu bm&kyfrSraygufbl;”qdk+yD; tjcm;olawG&Jh tdyf,mvdyfawGudk vdkufvH=unfhygw,f? ausmfol'DvdkvkyfwJhta=umif;&if;u ol}udKufwJhypPnf;awG ygvm; qdk+yD; tusOf;om;awGqDu csGwfwm/ cGmwmawGvkyfygawmhw,f? apmifaumif;av; wpfxnfavmufaw@G&if “rif;ray;bl;vm;/ ay;rvm;”qdk+yD;t"rR tEdkifusifh vk,lwwfygw,f? ol@&efudka=umufvdk@ olawmif;wmudkay;vdkuf&ifvJ “rif;zmom apwem&Sdvdk@ ay;vdkufwmaemf/ aemufrS wdkifvm;awmvm; vkyfvdk@&Hk;a&muf bma&mufjzpfvdk@uawmh/ igemrnfausmfolwJh/ rif;wdk@axmifrSm &Sdaeor#awmh igvufuajy;rvGwfygbl;” qdk+yD; +cdrf;ajcmufygao;w,f? usaemfwdk@tcef;xJu vlwpfcsdK@uawmh ausmfol&efudk a=umuf+yD; olwdk@ydkif ypPnf;wcsdK@udk ay;vdkufygw,f? olrsm;awG tvSnfh+yD;awmh ausmfolu usaemhfqDudk a&mufvm ygawmhw,f? usaemfvnf; tdyf,mvdyfudk jyvdkufygw,f? usaemftdyf,mvdyfxJu usaemfhtdrfuae axmif0ifpmvmwkef;u ay;xm;wJh &cdkifykqdk; a&$0ga&mifudk ausmfol tawmfudk oGm;a&usoGm;ygw,f? “a[haumif/ tJ'Dykqdk;ay;prf;” qdk+yD; usaemfhqDu awmif;ygawmhw,f? usaemfvJ 'Dykqdk;uusaemfh taz&Jhykqdk;rdk@ trSwfw&odrf;xm;wm jzpfwJhtwGufa=umifh 'DhjyifypPnf;udk ,lyg? 'Dykqdk;udkawmh ray;Edkifbl; vdk@ jyefajymvdkufygw,f? usaemfhpum;tqHk;rSm ausmfol@rsufESm}uD; rnf;wufoGm;ygw,f? +yD;awmh usaemfh ykqdk;udk twif;t=uyf awmif;ygw,f? usaemfb,fvdkrS &Sif;jyvdk@r&wma=umifh“ray;Edkifbl;” vdk@ ,wdjywf ajymvdkufygw,f? rl;,pfaq;oHk;xm;vdk@ todpdwfaysmufaewJh ausmfol[m a'goxGuf oGm;ygw,f? csufcsif;yJ “rat-dk;awG/ usefwJhtcef;awGae+rJ/ rif;wdk@wpfcef;wnf; yHkpH}uD;xdkif” qdk+yD; ptrdef@ay;ygawmhw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm ppfacG;wdkufrSm wm0efus 0efxrf;wpfa,mufrS r&Sdygbl;? ppfacG;wdkuf&Jh aomhawGtm;vHk;u aq;rl;aewJh &mZ0wfom;ausmfol&Jh vufxJrSm tukef&Sdaewm usaemfhtwGuf uHqdk;oGm;ygw,f? ausmfol[m yg;pyfuae rsdK;pHkatmif qJqdkae+yD; wkwfwpfacsmif;udk oGm;,l ygawmhw,f? usaemhtcef;xJu 5(n)awGu ausmfolvdkcsifwJhykqdk;udk ay;vdkufzdk@ em;cs awmif;yef =uygw,f? “rif;ykqdk;ay;vdkufyguGm/ aemufawmh igwdk@jyef0,fay;yghr,f” qdk+yD; tcef;azmfawGu trsdK;rsdK; awmif;yef=uygw,f? trSefwu,fqdk usaemfvJ aq;orm;ausmfol@udk a=umufygw,f? 'gayr,fh usaemfh taz0wfwJh ykqdk;rdk@jrwfEdk;wma=umifh aocgrSaoaya&mh ray;bl;qdk+yD; qHk;jzwfvdkufygw,f? bdkbdkxGef;u “aevif;/ ay;vdkufyguGm”

“aevif;/ ay;vdkufyguGm” qdkwJhtoHawGu wjznf;jznf; qlnHvmygw,f? tJ'Dtcsdefxd ppfacG; axmifxJrSm axmif0efxrf;eJ@wlwmqdkvdk@ wpfa,mufrSrawG@&ygbl;? tcef;wHcg;yGifhoGm;+yD; ausmfol[m usaemhfqD wef;wef;rwfrwf}uD; av#mufvmygw,f? tem;a&mufwmeJ@ tcef;xJrSm yHkpH}uD;xdkif aewJh usaemhfudk oJoJrJrJ}uD; rJ&dkufygawmhw,f? “bkef;” “bkef;” ab;tcef;awGu olawG ausmfoludk vSrf;ajymae=uwmawmif ausmfol[m ywf0ef;usifudk bmrS *&krpdkuf/ vSnfhr=unfhyJ usaemfhudkom rJ+yD;&dkufaeygawmhw,f? usaemfvnf;toHawG wkefvmygw,f? tom;awG wqwfqwf v_yfcgvmygw,f? usaemhrSm jyef+yD; ckcHvdk@ r&bl; jzpfaeygw,f? usaemfhajcaxmufrSm ajcusif;eJ@a'guf/ ausmfolu wkwfwpfacsmif;eJ@ vlvGwf? ausmfol[m csnf+yD;wkwf+yD;om; wd&dp>mefwpfaumifudk pdpda=uatmif &dkufowfaewmeJ@ wlygw,f? usaemfvJ yxrydkif;ol&Jh wkwfcsufawGudk awmifhcHxm;Edkifayr,fh ausmfol&Jh vlrqefpGm&dkufESuf r_atmufrSm yHkpHxdkifaewJhyHkpHtwdkif; ae&mrSmwif yHkvsufom; vJusoGm;ygawmhw,f? c%t=umrSm toHawGwdwfqdwfoGm;+yD; ausmfoltcef;xJu xGufoGm;ygw,f? usaemf emusifr_'%fa=umifh &kwfw&uf owdvGwfoGm;ygw,f? usaemfowdjyef&wJhtcgrSm ppfacG;wdkuf&Jh tayguf0em;rSm a&mufaewmudkawG@&+yD; axmifaq;r_;uusaemfhudkaq;wdkuf/ aq;xdk;vkyfaewmudk awG@&ygw,f? r=umcifrSm ppfacG;wdkuf&Jh wdkufr_; wyf=uyf}uD; bdkuHa&mufvmygw,f? “rif;wdk@aumifawG t0wftpm;awG tdyf,mvdyfxJrSm rxm;&bl;/ tukefvHk; igodrf;xm;ay;r,f/ rif;wdk@ wdkufujyefxGuf&if tm;vHk;jyefay;r,f” qdk+yD; emrnfeJ@wuGodrf;ygw,f? +yD;awmh “rif;wdk@awG 'DrSm&SdwJh &mZ0wftusOf;om;awGeJ@ ypPnf;tav#mftpm; rvkyf&bl;? [dkaumif ausmfol/ wifh[ef/ pdk;jrwfrif;wdk@aw Golwdk@qDu tEdkifusifh+yD;ypPnf;awmif;wmod&if rif;wdk@ roufom bl;rSwf” usaemfwdk@zufvSnfh+yD; “rif;wdk@uvnf; 'DaumifawG bmawmif;awmif; ay;p&mrvdkbl;/ vm+yD; tEdkifusifh&if ighudkvmwdkif” vdk@ajym+yD; xGufoGm;ygw,f? (i) ppfacG;wdkufu tjyef usaemfwdk@ awmif,mavbmwdkufyGJxJrSm aemufxyft&dkufcH&wJhol wpfOD;uawmh rEWav;u udkn$ef@OD;qdkoljzpfygw,f? udkkn$efhOD;[mrEWav; &Jtwwfoif ody`Hausmif;rSm &Jtkyfwm0ef,lcJholjzpf+yD; tJ'Doifwef;ausmif;rSm wynfhawGudk pmoif&if; a':atmifqef;qk=unfudk axmufcHwJh pum;rsm;udk ajymcJhwJhtwGufa=umifh tpdk;&udkqef@usifwmvdk@ pGyfpGJ+yD; 5(n)eJ@axmifusvmwJh &J0efxrf; wpfa,mufyJjzpfygw,f? axmifxJrSm&SdwJ@ tusOf;om;awGeJ@ axmif0efxrf;awGu &Jqdk&if tpdrf;vdkuf 0g;pm;csifavmufatmif rkef;wD;=uygw,f? ukdn$ef@OD;udk &Jtkyfwpfa,mufrSef; odoGm;wmeJ@ &mZ0wftusOf;om;awGeJ@ 0efxrf;awGu &Jtom; b,fawmhpm;&rvJqdk+yD; wapmifapmif jzpfae=uygw,f? 0efxrf;csOfaygifyifu ol@udk “}uD;rdkuf” vdk@ol@E_wfu xyfwvJvJ &Gwfum udknGef@OD;udk oJoJrJrJ &dkufESufygawmhw,f? “tjyifrSmaumif;aumif; raecsifwJhaumif/ acG;rom;”

qdk+yD; yg;pyfuqJvnf;qJ/ vufu&dkufvnf;&dkufygw,f? usaemhftcspfawmf aq;orm;ausmfolqdk&if ol@vlawGudk “a[haumifawG &Jom;pm;csif&if 'Dudkvm”qdkum udknGef@OD;udk ajr}uD;ay:rSm vdrfhaeatmifudk &dkufESuf ygawmhw,f? wdkufxJrSmvJ axmifr_;atmif}uD; vm=unfhwJhtcgwdkif; xdkifuefawmhaewJh yHkpHeJ@wlwJh wdkuf yHkpHudk xdkifcdkif;xm;ygw,f? tJ'DyHkpHudk =unfh+yD; axmifr_;atmif}uD;u ppfEdkifwJh ppfol}uD;wpfa,muf&Jh [efyef rsdK;eJ@ acgif;wndwfndwfvkyf+yD; “aumif;w,f/ aumif;w,f” ajym+yD;xGufoGm;wufygw,f? ausmfol/ wifh[efeJ@pdk;jrwfwdk@[m usaemfwdk@qDu csGwfwm/ cGmwmawG vkyfvdk@r&wma=umifh taqmifrSm &SdaewJh tjcm;&JabmfawGqDoGm;+yD; usaemfwdk@awG pm;p&mr&Sdvdk@ iwfjywfaea=umif;/ 'ga=umifh usaemfwdk@u awmif;cdkif;vdkufa=umif; ajymqdk+yD; axmifxJu taqmiftoD;oD;rSm&SdwJh 5(n)awGqD tv_cH xGufygawmhw,f? usaemfwdk@ &JabmfawGu rpm;&uf raomuf&ufeJ@ usaemfhwdk@ta,muf(60)twGuf pm;p&m ypPnf;awG ay;vdkufygw,f? 'DypPnf;awGudk ausmfolwdk@&mZ0wfom;awGeJ@ (tup)0efxrf;awG yl;aygif;+yD; cGJa0pm;aomufvdkufygw,f? 'Dta=umif;awGudk ppfacG;uvGwf+yD; taqmifjyefa&mufawmhrS ta=umif;pHkudk jyefod&wmjzpfygw,f? usaemfwdk@udkcswJh wdkufydwf/ a'gufcwf jypf'%f (1)jynfhwJhae@rSm &efukefwdkif; axmifpk n$ef=um;a&;r_; 'kAdkvfr_;}uD; cifarmifvwf a&mufvmygw,f? axmifeJ@ywfoufwJh pnf;urf;awGudk pmtkyf}uD;udkif &Gwfzwfjyygw,f? aemufrS usGefawmfwdk@udk a'gufawG/ ajcusif;awG jzKwfay;+yD; odrf;xm;wJh usaemfwdk@&J ht&yf0wfawGudk jyefxkwfay;ygw,f? +yD;rS rdef;a*s;vfudk ac:oGm;ygawmhw,f? ppfacG;wdkufeJ@ ywfouf+yD; 'Dae&mrSm enf;enf; &Sif;jycsifwm &Sdygw,f? tif;pdefaxmifxJu emrnf}uD; ppfacG;axmifrSm acG;awG(10)aumifxufrenf; arG;xm;+yD; tJ'DacG;awGu EdkifiHjcm;acG;rsdK;awGeJ@ pyfxm;wm jzpfygw,f? tJ'DacG;awGudk axmiftm%mydkifawGu r0,fEdkifvdk@ pdefa*[mydkif&Sif w&kwfolaX;u v_'gef;xm;wm jzpfygw,f? acG;awGudk ae@pOfyHkrSefauGs;zdk@ trJom;eJ@pGyfjyKwf&nf owfrSwfxm;ayr,fh acG;awGudk auGs;zdk@wm0efuswJh tusOf;axmif0efxrf;awGu olwdk@twGuf csufjyKwfpm;aomuf =uygw,f? pdefa*[mw&kwfolaX; aumif;r_a=umifh tusOf;axmifxJrSm rsufpdvnfvrf;rSm;+yD; a&mufvmwJh acG;awG[m axmif0efxrf;awGa=umifh tiwfab;qdkuf+yD; ydefvSDaewmudk awG@&ygw,f? wpfcsdK@acG;awGqdk iwfrGwfr_a=umifh aooGm;=uygw,f? tJ'Dvdk aooGm;wJhacG;awGudk owfjzwfpm;aomuf=uzdk@ &mZ0wftusOf;om;awGu apmifhqdkif;aewwf =uygw,f? tup (usaemfwdk@uawmh tukefpm;vdk@ ac:a0:ygw,f) 0efxrf;awG[m tJ'DacG;awGeJ@ tywfpOf ppfa&;jy ykl;wGJvkyf=uayr,fh acG;uwjcm;/ vluwjcm;eJ@ t+rJy JnDnDnmnmr&Sdygbl;? ppfacG;wdkufu acG;awG[m jyefvrf;r&SdwJh acG;awGyJ jzpfygw,f?

tcef;(5) (u) rpm;oifhwJhtoD; pm;rdvdk@ usaemfwdk@ ta,muf(60)ausmfudk taqmif(3)/ (4)eJ@(5)aqmifawGudk toD;oD; vlpkcGJydk@ vdkuf yg w,f? usaemfu taqmif(3)udka&mufygw,f? usaemf tdyfaqmif(3)udka&muf+yD; r=umcifrSmyJ usaemfwdk@ aewJhtaqmif(4)u axmifr_;atmif}uD;wpfa,muf rpm;oifhwJh toD;pm;rd+yD; tqdyfoifhoGm;yg awmhw,f? rpm;oifhwJh toD;pm;cJhwJh axmifr_;atmif}uD;&Jh jy\emuawmh e0wywWjrm;udpPeJ@ axmifusvmwJh aejynfawmfoef;xGef;wdk@qDu vmbfpm;cJhwJh jy\emygyJ? usaemftaqmif(4)rSmaecJhwkef;u aejynfawmfoef;xGef; tr_wGJawG axmifwef;pD usvmygw,f? olwdk@jy\emu e0w ywWjrm; t&_yfawmfyHk}uD; jzpfvdk@ olwdk@tr_udk ppfaxmufvSr;fa&;uae wdkuf&dkuf udkifwG,faeygw,f? tJ'Dtr_ppfaq;csdefrSm axmifr_;atmif}uD;u aejynfawmfoef;xGef;wdk@ qDu aiGudk,l+yD; t}uD;tus,f vmbfpm;vdkufygw,f? axmifr_;atmif}uD; vmbfpm;wJhudpPudk axmufvSrf;a&;u odoGm;+yD; ol@udk ac:ppfaq;ygawmhw,f? bl;ay:ovdk ay:oGm;wma=umifh axmifr_;atmif}uD;udk tif;pdefaxmifuae &Jbufajymif;a&$Œzdk@ trdef@csvdkufygw,f? axmifr_;atmif}uD;vnf; &Suf&SufeJ@ tvkyfu E_wfxGuf oGm;ygawmhw,f? usD;uef;rsdK;awGqdk+yD; usaemfwdk@5(n) awGudk axmifydkifvS=unfqDrSm *wHk;uwdkufvkyfcJhwJh axmifr_;atmif}uD;udk =unfh+yD; 0Ëfqdkwmcsufcsif; vnfwwfygvm;vdk@ awG;rdygw,f? vmbfpm;wma=umifh axmifruswmyJ uHaumif;oGm;ygw,f? aejynfawmfoef;xGef;qdkwJ@ olu rEWav;rSm emrnfwpfvHk;eJ@ aexdkifwJh emrnf}uD; jynfhwefqmacgif;aqmifwpfa,muf jzpfw,fvdk@ od&ygw,f? e0w AdkvfcsKyf}uD;awGxJu AdkvfcsKyfxGef;=unfeJ@ tawmfav;ydkifw,f qdk+yD;owif;jzpfaeygw,f? rEWav;rSm wdkuftjrifh}uD;aqmuf+yD; tJ'DrSm *sif0dkif;eJ@ jynfhwefqmcef;awGudk w&m;0ifeD;yg; vkyfudkifaew,fvdk@vJ rEWav;rSm aexdkifcJhwJh olawGu ajymjyygw,f?usaemfu“'geJ@ cifAsm;wdk@u &Judkwdkif+yD; rzrf;cdkif;bl;vm;” vdk@ar;awmh “owif;ay;wJholudkawmif &Jujyefzrf;wmAs/ av;aumif*sif0dkif;udk ol@wdkufatmuf oHrHwvif;rSm oabFmaq;okwf+yD; 'dkifvkyfaewm rEWav;rSm oef;xGef;wpfa,mufyJ &Sdw,f” vdk@jyefajymygw,f? tck aejynfawmfoef;xGef;wdk@jzpfwJ@ e0wywWjrm;udpP[m olwdk@eJ@ e0wppfAdkvfcsKyfawG ta0tpm; rwnfh&muae jy\emjzpfyGm;cJhrSef; odomvSygw,f? ppfwyfxJu 'kAdkvfr_;}uD;awG/ Adkvfr_;awG/ t&m&SdawGtrsm;}uD; aejynfawmf oef;xGef;eJ@axmifusvmwmudkawG@&ygw,f? olcdk;csif;twlwl tm%modyfr&/SdwJh olkcdk;u axmifeef;pH&wmyJ jzpfygw,f? (c) axmiftwGif; edpP"l0 taqmif(3)rSmae&wkef; reufqdk&if udk,fhaxmif0ifpmwkef;u ygvmwJh rkef@yJoa&pmav;awGudk tcsif;csif; a0r#pm;aomuf=u+yD; awmif,mudkqif; tvkyfvkyf&ygw,f? axmifrSm&SdwJh a&ay:qD vlwef;pm;tcsdK@u axmifrSm reufydkif; tusOf;om;awGausG;zdk@ zdk}uD;xJrSmcsufxm;wJh yJ[if;&nfxJu tESpfawGudkcyf+yD; xrif;ylyl/ qDqrf;xm;wmeJ@ reufydkif;qdk pm;aomuf=uygw,f? reufydkif;apmapmxJrSm olwdk@u ydkufqHay;+yD; tvkyfjzpfaeygw,f? usefwJh tusOf;om;awG xrif;pm;wJh tcsdefa&mufawmh yJ[if;&nf[m a&awGcsnf;oufouf jzpfaeygawmhw,f? usaemfwddk@udkau|;wJh

xrif;uvnf; rmausmvS+yD; tcef@roifh&if oJawG/ cJawG ygvmwwfygao;w,f? tpmtdrf&Sdolrsm;twGuf tJ'Dxrif;udk pm;aomufzdk@ tifrwefrS cufcJygw,f? “xrif;a0r,fa[h/ (1)cef;wef;pD” vdk@bkwfudkif acgif;jzL&cdkifu atmfvdkuf&if xrif;yef;uefav;awGudkif+yD; xrif;wdk;&ygawmhw,f? usJawmufawmuf yJ&nfudkqrf;+yD; tdrfuydk@xm;wJhqm;/ tcsdKr_ef@awGxnhf+yD; iyda=umfeJ@ ork'N&m 0rf;wpfxGmtwGuf jznfhwif;&ygw,f? usaemfwdk@ 5(n)tusOf;om;awG[m axmifxJrSm csuf[if;qdkwJh rD;eJ@xdawG@xm;wJ@[if;udk pm;aomuf&zdk@qdkwm &mZ0wftusOf;om;awGavmuf rvG,fulvSygbl;? tJ'DvdkrD;eJ@ csufxm;wJh[if;rsdK;udk axmifxJu/ ydkif&mqdkif&mawG/ axmifr_;&Hk;cef;em;rSmaewJh axmifr_;zdeyfwdkuf/ OD;xkyfwdkufeJhuyfajrSmifawG/ wef;pnf;wdk@/ wHcg;apmifhwdk@vdk vlrsdK;awGtwGuf pm;aomuf&zdk@ tifrwefrS vG,fulvSw,fqdkwm rxl;qef;awmhygbl;? usaemfwdk@ 5(n)orm;awGxJu emrusef;jzpfvdk@ a&aEG;wpfcGuf aomuf&zdk@[m tvGefcufcJygw,f? usaemfwdk@awG xrif;pm;+yD; wpfem&Davmuf em;cGifh&ygw,f? xrif;vHk;pD+yD; em;aecsdefrSm “wufr,fa[h...wufr,f/udk,fhtcef;udk,f0ifxm;r,f” qdk+yD; tcef;wGif;udk0ifum yxr upfyHk yHk&ygw,f? upfyHk yHkw,fqdkwmuawmh tusOf;om;awG&Jh tdyf,mvdyfawGudk q,fjym;aphyHkpH txyfvdkufpD+yD; tay:uae apmiftkyfxm;wJhyHkudk ac:ygw,f? +yD;awmh oef@&Sif;a&;vkyf&ygw,f? oef@&Sif;a&;vkyf+yD;wJhtcgus&if wpfywfwpfcg tusOf;om;awG &&SdwJh pwk&ef;yHkpH qyfjymwHk;ao;ao;av;eJ@ acgif;vdrf;zdk@qD &ygw,f?aq;vdyf}udKufolawGuawmh olwdk@&wJh qyfjymwHk;av;eJ@ aq;vdyf(5)vdyfudk vJvS,fygw,f? tusOf;om;awGqDu vJvS,fvdk@&wJh qyfjymwHk;udk axmif0efxrf;awGu tif;pdefaps;rSm jyefa&mif;ygw,f? wpfcguqdk usaemfwdk@(3)aqmifrSm axmifxJudk vl}uD;vmzdk@&Sd&if acgif;vdrf;zdk@ qDudkxkwfray;awmhbJ tJ'DqDudk ajceif;=urf;jyifudk wefqmqifwJhtaeeJ@ ajymifvufaeatmif okwfcdkif;ygw,f? tJ'Dvl}uD;qdkwmuvnf; vmr,fvdk@ajym+yD; wpfem&D/ ESpfem&DeJ@ ay:rvmwwfyg? vl}uD;vmr,fqdkvdk@ usaemfwdk@awGudk yHkpH0wf 0wf+yD; aoaocsmcsm jyifqifcdkif;xm;ygw,f? awmfawmfeJ@ ay:rvmwma=umifh tusOf;om;awGu udk,fhae&mudk,f vSJtdyfae=uygw,f? “yHkpH” vdk@=um;vdkuf&+yD; csufcsif; xxdkif=unfhvdkufawmh vl}uD;qdkwmu tcef;udk ausmfjzwfoGm;ygw,f? b,ftcef;udkrS aoaocsmcsm =unfh&_oGm;wmvnf; rawG@&ygbl;? tJ'Dvl}uD;qdkwm tcef;awGxJudk aoaocsmcsm aphaphpyfpyf =unfhr,fqdk&if tcef;awGxJrSm twHk;t&Hk; tdyfaysmfaewJh tusOf;om;awGudk awG@&rSmrvGJygbl;? wpfcgvnf; vl}uD;qdkolu taqmifawG vdkufppfaq;r,fqdkvdk@ aoaocsmcsm jyifqifxm;umrS ol@&Jh rmZ'g *spfum;eJ@ axmifxJudk0ifvm+yD; awmif,mcif;awGu udkufvef/ rkefvmO/ [if;EkEG,feJ@ tjcm;[if;oD;[if;&GufawGudk tvkyf}uD;bufuae cl;,l+yD; jyefoGm;wmudkvnf; }uHK&ygao;w,f? olwdk@ vl}uD;tvmudk em&DeJ@csD+yD; xdkifapmifhae&wJh tusOf;om;awGu =umawmh pdwfr&Snf=uawmhygbl;? vl}uD;vmr,fqdk&if jyufvHk;wpfckvdk jzpfoGm;wwf+yD; ae@cif;zufawGrSm “ wufr,fa[h ...wufr,fa[h/ udk,fhtcef;udk0ifxm;r,f” qdkwJhtoH=um;&&ifawmh tusOf;om; (90)&mcdkifE_ef;avmufu tom;ukef arwWmydk@=uygawmhw,f? nae(3)em&Davmufqkd&if “a&csdK;r,fa[h” qdkwJhtoH =um;wmeJ@ a&csdK;zdk@twGuf a&uefudkoGm;&ygw,f? &SnfarsmarsmyHkpH&SdwJh a&uefabmifay:rSm a&cyfcsdK;&r,fh yef;uefjym;av;awGudk pD&D+yD;csxm;&ygw,f? a&uefxJudk 0ifqdkwmeJ@ a&uefudk b,f/ nm toD;oD;wef;pD+yD;0if&ygw,f? a&uefbm,mu a&uefabmifay:rSmrwfwyf&yf+yD; “ nDnDnmnm cyf”

“cyf wpfcGuf/ cyfwpfcGuf” qdk+yD; wpfcGef;csif; trdef@ay;+yD; usaemfwdk@udk a&csdK;cdkif;ygw,f? usaemfwdk@uvnf; udk,fhae&mudk,f &yf+yD; yef;uefjym;eJ@ cGuf(10)cGuf csdK;&ygw,f? (10)cGuf+yD;oGm;wJhtcgrSm “cGufcs/ acs;wGef;/ qyfjymwdkuf” qdk+yD;trdef@qufay;ygw,f? tJ'g+yD;&if“cyf” “aemufqHk;” “csdK;”vdk@atmfygw,f? olajymwmeJ@ udk,fvkyfwm rnDnmbl;qdk&if ol@vufxJu wkwfu acgif;ay:udk 0JwufoGm;ygw,f? cyf qdkwJhtcsdefrSmyJ cyf&/ csdK;qdkwJ@ tcsdefrSmyJ csdK;&ygw,f? a&cyfwm rnDrnmjzpfae&if ausmay: ajAmwifcH&rSmvnf; aocsmvSygw,f? qyfjymwdkuf+yD;wJh tcsdefrSm yef;uefjym;eJ@ aemufxyf (15)cGuf csdK;cGifhay;ygw,f? 'ga=umifh axmifxJrSm 0J/ *|wf/ 'ufpwJh ,m;emawG ay:aygufwJh tajccHta=umif;&if;yJ jzpfygw,f? a&uefbm,mudk aq;vdyfay;/ bmay;eJ@ vkyfxm;wJholwdk@/ tyfxnfwdk@/ aemuf ydkif&mqdkif&mwdk@uawmh a&udk }udKufoavmuf csdK;cGifh&ygw,f? naeydkif; xrif;pm;csdef wef;pDwJhtcgrSmusawmh uefpGef;Oyifuae&wJh uefpGef;}uD;&GufawGeJ@ a&mar$+yD; ðywfxm;wJh uefpGef;&Guf[if;udk pm;&ygw,f? tJ'D[if;udk axmifxJtac:t& “ wmvayg ” [if;vdk@ac:ygw,f? autef,luae axmifusvmwJh u&ifzxD;}uD;awGuawmh 'dk@ u&if[if; emrnfysufw,fvdk@ ajym=uygw,f? u&iftrsdK;om;[if;wpfckjzpfwJh wmvayg[if;u t&omtvGef&Sd+yD; pm;aomufvdk@ tifrwefrSaumif;wJh [if;wpfcGufjzpfayr,fh axmifxJu wmvayg [if;uawmh [if;&GufjyKwf&nf oufoufyJjzpfygw,f? tJ'D[if;&GufjyKwf&nfudk aygif;xrif; rmrm}uD;eJ@a&m/ axmif0ifpmygvmwJh iyda=umfav;eJ@ ar#mcs&ygw,f? a&onfjyZmwfxJ a&onfrdef;rajymwJhpum;vdk“vnfacsmif;udk pHkuef/ *vHkqefatmif ar#m&&Smw,f” qdkwJhtyk'fav;udk oGm;owd&rdvdkufygao;w,f? wpfcgwpfav tJ'DuefpGef;&GufjyKwf&nfxJrSm wDaumifawG/ wHjrufpnf;&dk;awGeJ@ om;a&uGif;awG ygvmwwfygao;w,f? axmifxJrSm wpfywfwpfcg tom;pm;&wJh&uf qdkwm&Sdygw,f? 0ufom;rpm;wJholudk ig;[if;ay;ygw,f? ig;rpm;wJholudk bJO(2)vHk;au|;ygw,f? au|;wJh0ufom;uvnf; om;a&jym;u t&_H;ay;&avmufatmif rma=umae+yD; b,fvdkrSpm;vdk@r&ygbl;? 0efxrf;awGay;wJh 0ufom;udk aemufxyf(1)em&Davmuf jyefaygif;&ifawmif rE_;EdkifwJh tom;rsdK;yJjzpfygw,f? ig;[if;usjyefawmhvnf; t+rD;eJ@acgif;ydkif;udkom awG@&wwf+yD; tv,fydkif;u tom;uawmh aysmufqHk;aewwfygw,f? tusOf;axmif0efxrf;awG&Jh qifhuJqifhuJ jzwfawmuf pm;aomufr_a=umifh [if;awGu t*FgrpHk t+rJjzpfaeygawmhw,f? (*) tm;vHk;aumif;ygw,f q&m}uD; tif;pdefaxmifxJrSm 1988 ta&;tcif;rjzpfcifu taqmif(1)/ (2)/ (3)/ (4)/ (5)aqmifwdk@[m ESpfxyfwdkuftaqmifawGjzpfygw,f? 'gayr,fh tJ'DtaqmifawG[m 88ta&;tcif;rSm tif;pdefaxmifwGif; rD;&_dŒr_jzpfyGm;cJhwma=umifh (1)aqmifuvGJ&if usefwJh (2/ 3/ 4/ 5)aqmifawG[m rD;avmif+ydKuscJhygw,f? 'ga=umifh (1)xyfwdkufaqmifav;awGtjzpf b0ajymif;oGm;cJ@wmjzpfygw,f? usaemfae&wJh taqmif ( 3 ) tdyfaqmifrSm tcef; ( 8 ) cef;yg+yD; ( 1 ) xyfwdkuftaqmifyJ jzpfygw,f? tcef; ( 1 ) cef;rSm tusOf;om; ( 120 ) avmufxm;+yD; usaemfwdk@ taqmifrSm tusOf;om;aygif; ( 1000) ywf0ef;usif &Sdwwfygw,f? tusOf;om;tcsdK@udk &Jbuf b,favmufydk@ydk@ axmifxJudk 0ifvmrpJ woJoJjzpfaevdk@ tif;pdefaxmifvdk raeoifh raetyfwJht&yf[m vlpnfum;wJh t&yfvdkjzpfaeygw,f?

nae axmifrSm vlaygif;udkufvdk@ rdef;vfa*s;u oHacsmif;acguf&ifawmh bk&m;0wfwuf&ygw,f? +yD;awmh udk,fhtdyf,mvdyfudk udk,ftoD;oD;,l&+yD; udk,fhae&m udk,ftdyfzdk@ jyifqif&ygw,f? tdyf&wJhykHpHuawmh tcef;wpfcef;rSm tdyf,mudk twef;av;wef;cJG xm;ygw,f? tkwfeH&Hudk acgif;ay;tdyf&wJh twef;u ESpfwef;&Sd+yD; tv,fa=umrSm b,fnmacgif;csif;qdkif+yD; tdyf&wJ@twef;u ESpfwef;&Sdygw,f? tdyfaqmifawG[m }uD;rm;us,fjyef@vSayr,fh tusOf;om;OD;a& tifrwef rsm;jym;vGef;wma=umifh wpfOD;eJ@wpfOD; usyfusyfnyfnyfeJ@ tdyf&ygw,f? tusOf;om;tm;vHk;[m ausmcs&Hkr#omavmufyJ tdyfvdk@&wmjzpfygw,f? tdyfcsdefowfrSwfxm;wJ@ n(9)em&Drxdk;rcsif; tcef;awGrSm vSJavsmif;=u+yD; oDcsif;qdkolqdk/ 0Jukwfolukwf/ w&m;"rRta=umif; aqG;aEG;olaqG;aEG;/ EdkifiHa&;ta=umif; ajymolajymeJ@ tdyfaqmifwpfckvkH; qlnHaewufygw,f? tdyfcsdefa&muf+yDqdk&ifawmh acgif;axmifzdk@a0;pG/ 'l;acgif;awmif axmifvdk@r&ygbl;? bm,mvdk@ac:wJh tusOf;om;wpfa,mufu tcef;wpf0dkuf av#mufaeygw,f? aemufydkif;tusOf;om;awG t&rf;rsm;vmwma=umifh olvnf; rdv†muefem;rSm oGm;+yD;apmifh=uyfae&ygawmhw,f? bm,mapmifh[m axmifrSmrD;ysuf&ifyJjzpfjzpf/ 'grSr[kwf n( 9 ) em&Dausmf&ifjzpfjzpf ( 5 ) rdepfwpfcg “ ( 3 ) aqmif/ ( 1 ) cef;/ vlaygif; ( 120 ) a,muf/ tm;vkH;aumif;ygw,f q&m}uD; ” vdk@ ykHrSefatmfae&ygw,f? tusOf;om;awGxJu tdrfomoGm;csifwmwdk@/ a&aomufcsifwmwdk@ vkyfcsifwJhtcgrSm “ bm,m ao;ayguf ” “ bm,m a&aomuf ” “ bm,m tdrfomwuf ” ponfjzifhatmf&+yD; bm,muae “ayguf ” “ aomuf ” “ wuf ” “ aeOD; ” pwJhtrdef@ wpfckck&rS tdyfae&muae acgif;axmifvdk@&wm jzpfygw,f? bm,m&JhcGifhðycsufr&yJ acgif;axmifwmwdk@/ xxdkifwmwdk@/ vrf;av#mufwmwdk@udk axmifpnf;urf;t& vkH;0cGifhrðyygbl;? ( 5 ) rdepfwpfcgawmh “ tm;vkH;aumif;ygw,f q&m}uD; ” qdkwJhtoHuawmh tdyfraysmfciftxd =um;ae&wkH;? (C ) tdk;pm;ta=umif; ò*dvfta=umif; usaemfwdk@ tdyf&wJhtaqmifu tcef;wpfcef;rSm vl ( 120 ) ausmfavmuf jynfhodyf xnfhxm;wma=umifh tcef;twGif;rSm =uyfnyfae+yD; touf&_&wmvnf; r0ygbl;? usaemfwdk@twGuf vlawG=uyfnyfaewm tcwftcJ jzpfaeayr,fh axmifouf&ifhaewJh axmifobm}uD;awG/ tyfxnfawG twGufuawmh tqiftajyqkH; tuGufaumif; jzpfaeygw,f? axmifxJrSm rD;c%c%ysuf&if zGifhzdk@twGuf rD;pufawG&Sdygw,f? 'gayr,fh rD;pufuqDudk axmif0efxrf;awG cdk;0Sufa&mif;pm;=uwma=umifh rD;ysufwJhnqdk&if rD;pufrarmif;Edkifwma=umifh tarSmifxJrSmyJ ae&ygw,f? tJ'DvdkarSmif+yD qdk&ifjzifh axmifouf&ifhaewJh axmifobm}uD;awG/ tyfxnfawG vkyfief;pygawmhw,f? axmiftwGif; vdifwlqufqHjcif;/ tEdkifusifhowfjzwfjcif;awGjzpfyGm;ygawmhw,f? vdifwlcsif; t"rRusifhcH&wJh tjzpftysufawG[m 'DvdktcsdefrSm tjzpftrsm;qHk; jzpfygw,f? axmifwGif;vdifwl qufqHr_rsdK;udk 0ef}uD;csKyfa[mif;OD;Ek a&;cJhwJh “&ufpufygayhuG,f” pmtkyfxJrSmawmh zwfcJh&zl;ygw,f? tJ'Dacwfwkef;u t"rRvdifwl qufqHcHvdkuf&wJh oludk “tdk;pm;” vdk@ac:=u+yD; tckacwfrSmawmh “ò*dvf”vdk@ajymif;vJ ac:a0:=uwm awG@&ygw,f?

axmifxJrSm vdifwlqufqHcHvdkuf&wJh olawmfawmfrsm;rsm;[m a,muFsm;pifppfawGyJ jzpfygw,f? olwdk@awG[m tjyifrSm ac:a0:ae=uovdk tajcmufawG/ *ef'l;awG/ rdef;r&SmawG r[kwf=uygbl;? tom;jzLjzL ydefydefoG,foG,feJ@ toufi,f&G,fwJholrsm; axmifusvmygu axmifxJrSm&SdwJ@ axmifouf&ifhaewJh axmifobm}uD;awG/ tyfxnfawGu olwdk@udk ò*dvfzrf;zdk@ apmifhae=uygawmhw,f? orifi,fudk awG@vdkuf&wJh usm;ipOf;vJ}uD;awGvdk pm;rwwf 0g;rwwfrsufvHk;awGeJ@ =unfh&_=uygw,f? usaemhf rsufpda&SŒrSmwifyJ usaemfwdk@&Jh tcef;vl}uD;jzpfwJh aZmfrdkkufu ppfajy;r_eJ@ axmifusvmwJ@ ppfom;i,fwpfa,mufudk ò*dvfb0udk ajymif;vJypfvdkufwmudk rsufjrif awG@vdkuf&ygw,f? aZmfrdkuf[m tJ'Dppfom;i,fudk t"rRvdifwl qufqHvdkuf+yD; b0zsuf vdkufygawmhw,f? &kyf&nfoef@jyef@wJh arG;&mygt&nftcsif;[m axmifxJrSmawmh ESpf}uD;axmifusorm;rsm;&Jh ò*dvftjzpf ajymif;vJoGm;cJh&wmudk &ifeifhpGmeJ@ awG@cJh&ygw,f? toufi,fi,f&G,f&G,f/ &kyf&nfoef@oef@eJ@ vlwpfa,muf axmifusvmygu aiGa=u;wufEdkif&if axmifr_; axmifydkifwdk@&Jh tyfxnfvkyf&ifvkyf/ rvkyf&ifawmh axmifusESpf}uD;orm;rsm;&Jh =uiff,mawmfb0udk a&muf&SdoGm;rSmjzpf+yD; axmifobmwef;pD;rsm;&Jh uawmf(10)yg;rSm wpfyg;tygt0if jzpfoGm;wwfygw,f? axmifusESpf}uD;orm;awG “ò*dvf”jzpfatmifvkyfenf;&Jh tpuawmh axmifusvmwJh vlopfawGudk yHkpH parmif;wJh ae&myJjzpfygw,f? (5)aqmif&Jhtcef;(1)[m axmifusvlopfrsm;udk yHkpH parmif;wJh ae&mjzpfovdk axmifusobmrsm;&Jh “ò*dvfaps;uGuf”vnf;jzpfygw,f? tJ'Dtcef;(1)rSm axmifusvmwJh vlopfawGudkyHkpHxdkifyHk/ &yfyHk/ axmifxJrSm b,fvdkae&r,f/ b,fvdkpm;&r,f/ b,fvdkoGm;&r,f/ pwmawGudk oifay;ygw,f? tJ'DvdkoifwJhtcgrSmvJ axmifustopfawGudk &mZ0wftusOf;om;(10)a,mufavmufu ajcaxmufeJ@0dkif;uef=u/ wkwfeJ@&dkuf=u/ rsufESmwnfhwnfhudk ajcaxmufeJ@uef=u pwmawGudkvlrqefpGm jyKvkyfygw,f? eHedrfhoGm;r,fqdkwJh pum;eJ@tnD eH&dk;=um;xJudk wkwfeJ@xdk;/ &dkufwmawG rw&m; jyKvkyf=uygawmhw,f? wAkef;Akef; &dkufESufoHawG jrnf[D;aewJh yHkpHcef;[m i&Jwr# a=umufrufzG,f aumif;avmufatmif atmf[pfoHawGeJ@ qlnHaewwfygw,f? axmifxHk;pHt& OD;csdK;wmvdk@ ac:ygw,f? tm;yg;w&eJ@ vlrqefpGm &dkufESufaewmudk axmifus vlopfuav;awGcrsm tom;awG wqwfqwfwkefatmif a=umufvef@ ae=uygw,f? axmifr_;awG/ axmifydkifawG udk,fwdkifuvnf; tusOf;om;tcsif;csif; ydkrdk&ufpufjyEdkifwJh olrsdK;udk ae&maumif;aumif; ay;xm;wma=umifh tusOf;om;a[mif;awGu vlopfawGtay: ydk+yD; ESdyfpufygawmhw,f? axmifyHkpHcef;rSm wef;pD;vkyfol&Jh vuf[m qdkif;q&mpdefaA'gvdk vufoHtvGefajymifvS+yD; a&$ref;wifarmif &_H;avmufatmifvnf; tajymaumif;vSygw,f? “cifAsm;wdk@ tcka&mufaewJhaxmif[m jrefrmEdkifiHrSm&SdwJh axmif}uD;(36)axmifxJu &efukef tif;pdefA[dkaxmifyJ jzpfw,f” “bmaxmifvJa[h” “&efukeftif;pdefA[dk pHjytusOf;axmifyg” “toHawGwdk;w,f” tJ'Dvdk wef;pD;u toHawGwdk;w,fvdk@ ajymvdkufwmeJ@ ab;em;uapmifhaewJh &mZ0wfom; yg;uGufom;awG&Jh wkwfawG[m axmifus vlopfawG=um;xJ wajzmif;ajzmif; eJ@a&muf&Sd oGm; ygawmhw,f? ausmukef;udk tm;yg;w& aqmifhuefvdkufwJh bkwfueJqdkwJh toHawG us,favmifvm+yD; tusOf;om;opf awG&Jh atmf[pfoHawG [def;wufvmjyefygw,f? “cifAsm;wdk@ axmifrSmae&if axmifpnf;urf; vdkufem&r,f? cifAsm;wdk@[m tjyifzufrSm bmaumif }uD;yJjzpfaeae/ b,favmufyJ csrf;omcsrf;om/ cifAsm;wdk@eJ@qdkifwJ *k%fj'yfawG/ OpPmypPnf;awGudk a[m'D tif;pdefA[dkpHjytusOf;axmif&Jh Al;0rSmcsdwfxm;cJh? =um;vm;”

“at;/ axmifxJrSm oGm;&if;vm&if; axmifr_;/ axmifydkifawGeJ@awG@&if b,fvdkae&r,f/ b,fvdkajym&r,f/ qdk&r,fqdkwm rif;wdk@udk tm;vHk;oifay;+yD;om;/ +yD;awmhrS axmifr_;/ axmifydkifawGuar;vdk@ usaemfrodvdk@yg/ usaemfrwufvdk@ygqdkvdk@uawmh udk,fhaqGudk,fhrsdK;awGtm;vHk; 'gvmoGm;r,f” “axmifxJrSmcifAsm;wdk@[m bmaumif}uD;rSr[kwfbl;/ axmifxJvm+yD; qifzrf;r,f/ usm;zrf;r,f rvkyfeJ@ ,ifaumifzrf;oGm;&r,f/ a[haumifawG tm;vHk;=um;vm;” “=um;ygw,f” tJ'Dvdk yHkpHcef;rSm rw&m;&dkufESufwmawGudk rcHEdkif=uwJholawGu olwdk@ygvmwJhapmifav;awG/ ykqdk;av;awGeJ@ wef;pD;vkyfoludk vmbfxdk;ygw,f? tJ'Dvdkvmbfxdk;wJholudk &dkufwJhwkwfu ae&ma&GŒoGm;yg awmhw,f? tusOf;om;awGqDu rw&m;&vdkufwJh t0wftpm;awGudkpk tup0efxrf;awGudk jyefa&mif;+yD; tav#mftpm; jyKvkyf=uygawmhw,f? (i) ò*dvfzrf;enf; axmifudkpa&mufvmwJh tusOf;om;opfawGudk yHkpHarmif;wJhtcef;rSm rw&m;&dkufESufr_a=umifh a=umufvef@aewJh tusOf;om; awGxJu ydkif&mqdkif&mawGeJ@ ò*dvfa&G;zdk@ twGuf tjcm; taqmifu wef;pD;vl}uD;awG/ axmifusESpf}uD;orm;awG a&muf&Sdvmygw,f? olwdk@eJ@odwJholqdk&if &dkufESufaewJhwef;pD;eJ@ em;vnfr_,l+yD; yHkpHcef;xJuae ac:xkwfoGm;ygw,f? 'grsdK;udk“tydkifom;”vdk@axmiftac:ta0:t& od&ygw,f? ò*dvfa&G;wJh wef;pD;usawmh oloabmuswJh csmwdwfudkawG@+yDqdkrSjzifh &dkufaewJhwef;pD;udk ol@tydkifom;vdk@ oGm;ajymygw,f? tJ'DrSmawmh a&G;+yD;om; csmwdwftem;rSm wAkef;Akef;jrnfatmif csmwdwf a=umufvef@atmif ESpfqwdk; &dkufjyygw,f? (1)em&Davmuf=umatmif &dkufESufjy+yD;wJh tcgusrS ò*dvfa&G;r,fh wef;pnf;u “a[haumif/ 'gightydkifom;uG” vdk@yHkpHcef;wef;pnf;udk rsufpdrSdwfjyvdkufygw,f? tJ'DawmhrS yHkpHcef; vl}uD;u “rif;tydkifom;qdkvnf; apmapmpD;pD;u ajymwmr[kwfbl;uGm/ uJ'gqdk&if yHkpHarmif;aewJh vltkyfxJ uxGuf” qdk+yD; vufn_d;xdk;jywJh csmwdwfav;udk ac:xkwfvdkufygw,f? +yD;awmh csmwdwfa&SŒrSmyJ “rif;rsufESm eJ@rdk@ igxkwfay;vdkufwmaemf/ Edk@rdk@qdkr&bl;” vdk@ yHkpHarmif;wef;pnf;u ò*dvfa&G;wef;pnf;udk ajymvdkufygw,f? tJ'DcsmwdwfuvJ axmifudktckrS pa&mufwmqdkawmh axmifta=umif;bmrS em;rvnf ao;ygbl;? 'hga=umifh t&dkuftESufawG =um;xJu ol@udk u,fwifvdkufwJh oludkyJ r[m aus;Zl;&Sif}uD;yrm ,Hk=unf udk;pm; oGm;ygw,f? tm;udk;txif}uD;wJhpdwfawG jzpfay:cJhw,f qdk&ifvnf; 'g[m axmifudk rae@wpfae@urSa&mufvm+yD; vlrqefwJ@ &dkufESufr_awGa=umifh a=umuf&GHŒwkefv_yfr_ ay:&ygw,fqdkwm tqef;awmh r[kwfygbl;? “'gightydkifom;”vdk@ajymqdkcJhwmeJ@ ywfouf+yD; tJ'Dwef;pnf;qdkwJhvludk csmwdwfcrsm wpfcgrS rjrifcJhzl;ygbl;? yHkpHcef;xJrSm &SdwJh tusOf;om;awGxJurS bma=umifh ol@udk a&G;xkwf u,fwifcJhovJqdkwmeJ@ yufouf+yD; wpfcgrS rar; =unfhcJhwm tJ'Dcsmwdwf&Jh trSm;ygyJ? 'DvdkeJ@ u,fwif&Sif wef;pnf;vkyfolu 'kwd,ajrmufpnf;&Hk;wJhtaeeJ@ a&uefu bkwfudkifeJ@ tay;t,l ajcvSrf;w&yfjyif+yD; nSdE_dif;r_awG jyKvkyfygw,f? axmiftusOf;om;awG tm;vHk;a&csdK; &wJhtcsdef a&mufwJhtcgrSm wef;pnf;&Jh csmwdwfav;u a&csdK;zdk@a&uefudk oGm;ygw,f?

wef;pnf;eJ@}udKwif vuf0g;csif;&dkufxm;wJh a&uefbm,mu a&udk nDnDnmnm rcyfvdk@/ aemuf qkwf+yD; a&csdK;vdk@qdk+yD; csmwdwfudk tjypf&Sm+yD; a&uefrSmyJ acG;&dkuf/ EGm;&dkuf &dkufygawmhw,f? }udKwif tuGufcsxm;wJhtwdkif; wef;pD;u &kwfw&uf tem;rSm ay:vm+yD; “a[haumif/ 'gighcsmwdwfuG/ rif;em;rvnfbl;vm;” qdk+yD; a&uefbm,mudk rsufpdrSdwf+yD; [def;a[mufygw,f? a&uefbm,m&Jh wkwfcsufrsm; &yfwef@ oGm;ygw,f? +yD;awmh ajymajymqdkqdkyJ igeJ@twl a&vdkufcsdK;vdk@ ajym+yD; csmwdwfudk ac:xkwfoGm;ygw,f? wef;pnf;&Jh ol@tay:,Hk=unftm;udk; vmatmif qGJaqmifcsufawGudk csmwdwfcrsm bmrSrodyJ olac:&m aemufudkvdkuf+yD; omreftusOf;om;awG (15)cGufomcsdK;&wJhtqifhuae a&ZvHkeJ@}udKufoavmuf cyfcsdK;vdk@ &wJhtqifhudk a&mufoGm;awmh t}uD;tus,f aysmfaeygw,f? pdwfxJuae r[maus;Zl;awG wifaeayr,fh ol@tajctaeu Adkvfvdkvdk/ ò*dvfvdkvdk jzpfaewmudk owdrjyKrd&Smygbl;? &ufwpf&uf ukefvGefoGm;+yD; aemufwpfae@usjyefawmh tvkyfavbmcswmeJ@ csmwdwf xyf+yD; &ifqdkif&ygw,f? tvkyfavbmbkwfu wef;pnf;&Jh yxrenf;awGt& csmwdwfudk rdv†mbkwfxJ xnfhvdkufygw,f? csmwdwfvnf; tlwdtla=umifeJ@ rdv†mbkwfudka&mufoGm;ygw,f? rdv†muefa&mufawmh ol@udkrdv†m bkwfudkifu rdv†mawGudk vufeJ@jcpf+yD;oGefcdkif;/ usHK;cdkif;ygw,f? em&D0ufavmuf=umwJhtcgrSm csmwdwfcrsm rdv†m&Jh 'kuQudk 0Ëfwpfckvdk cHpm;aewkef; jAKef;qdk ol@&Ju,fwif&Sif }uD; wef;pD; a&mufvmygawmhw,f? “a[h/ 'grif;udkb,folcdkif;wmvJ/ [m[dkaumifawGawmh yg;&dkufcH&awmhrSyJ/ a[h'gighvluG/ 'Drdv†muae csufcsif;bkwfajymif;prf;” wdkifyifudkuf+yD;om; olk@&Jhtaygif;tygawGu [kwfuJhqdkum csmwdwfudk oufawmifhoufom&SdwJh tvkyfbkwfudk ajymif;ay;vdkufygw,f? tJ'DtcgrSwef;pD;u csmwdwfudk “csmwdwf/ axmifxJrSmausmaxmufaemufcHr&Sd&if rif;udk0dkif;+yD; xnfhoGm;vdrf@r,f/ iguvnf; rif;tem;rSm tcsdefjynfhaeEdkifwmr[kwfbl;/ 'gayr,fh rif;igeJ@ twlwlaewmrsm;&if axmifxJuvlawGu igeJ@ywfoufw,fqdk+yD; rif;udk b,faumifrS xd&JawmhrSm r[kwfbl;/ aemufqHk; wpfckckjzpf&ifawmifuGm rif;ighemrnfajym+yD; &Sif;vdk@&w,f/ 'ga=umifh rif;igeJ@twlwl vmaeygvm;” qdk+yD;csmwdwfudk ò*dvfvkyfzdk@twGuf teD;uyf pnf;&Hk;ygw,f? tajccHu &dk;om;+yD; ausmaxmuf aemufcH trSDo[JuvJr&Sd/ ynmA[kokwuvnf; enf;&SmwJh csmwdwfwpfa,muf[m wef;pD;&Jhpum;a=umifh odef;qk}uD; t}udrf}udrfaygufovdk cHpm;oGm;&r,f qdkwm aocsmygw,f? oleJ@omtwlwlae&if r[muHxl;&Sif wpfa,mufvdk t&dkuftESufcH/ tESdyftpufrcH&yJ aumif; aumif;pm;/ aumif;aumif;ae&+yD; Adkvfwpfyg; jzpfvmEdkifw,fvdk@ awG;+yD; wef;pnf;eJ@ twlwlaezdk@ vG,fvG,f ululyJ acgif;ndwf vufcHvdkufygw,f? (p) ò*dvfjzpfatmifvkyfenf; wef;pnf;&hJ t=uHtpnf&Sd&Sd zdwfac:csufudk csmwdwfvufcHvdkuf+yD; tJ'DnrSmyJ twlwl oGm;a&muf tdyfpufygawmhw,f? nzuf tdyf,mcsawmh axmifusvmwJh vlopfawGudk vlawG jynfhusyfaeatmif rsm;vGef;vSwJhtwGuf rdv†muefem;rSm zsmtpkwfawGeJ@ ae&mcsygw,f? tJ'DtxJrSm csmwdwfrygygbl;? wef;pD;em;rSm zsmaumif;aumif;/ tdyf,mcif;/ apmifaumif;aumif;awGeJ@ tdyf&w,f? naewkef;u xrif;pm;csdefrSm csuf[if;/ csufxrif;eJ@pm;&vdk@ axmifuswmudkarh+yD; taysmf}uD;aysmf/ aus;Zl;&Sif u,fwif&Sif}uD;udk E_wfuwzGzG aus;Zl;wifaeav&Jh? 'gayr,fh csmwdwf&Jh aysmf&$ifr_awG[m nOfhOD;,HrSmyJ pwif vGifhpifoGm;ygw,f?

n(9)em&D tdyfcsdef+yD;awmh axmifwpfckvHk; bm,m&Jh wpfcsufwpfcsufatmfoHuvGJvdk@ wdwfqdwf aeygawmhw,f? csmwdwfudk e*dkuwnf;u t}uHeJ@ pnf;&Hk;cJhwJh wef;pnf;u oleJ@twl vdifqufqHzdk@ csmwdwfudk pwif aoG;aqmifygw,f? napmifhbm,m&Jh “tdyfcsdef/ acgif;awGb,folrS raxmifeJ@/ axmifvdk@uawmhwkwfvmr,f”qdkwJ@ +cdrf;ajcmufoHuvnf; =um;ae&ygw,f? csmwdwfjzpfolcrsm tdyfae&muae xdkifr&/ xr&/ xGufajy;vdk@vnf;r& jzpfaewkef; axmif0efxrf;udk atmfac:zdk@ }udK;pm;jyefawmh ol@aemufausmu wef;pD;&Jh oHcsGef}uD;u axmufxm;wm awG@&w,f? ae@cif;zufwkef;u ol@&Jhu,fwif&Sif[m nzufrSm bDvl;qdkwm ckawmh csmwdwfodoGm;yg+yD? 'gayr,fh odwJhtcsdef[m aESmif;oGm;cJhyg+yD? “reufusvdk@[dkwdkif/ 'Dwdkifvkyf&if toufeJ@udk,f tdk;pm;uGJoGm;r,f” vdk@+cdrf;ajcmufygw,f? csmwdwf[m ppfwyfu ppfom;wpfa,muf jzpfygw,f? cGifh&ufausmfvGef ysufuGufwmudk wyfajy;vdk@ w&m;&Hk;u owfrSwf+yD; axmifusvmwJhol jzpfygw,f? 'gudk tcGifhaumif;,l+yD; wef;pnf;&Jh taygif;tygawGu reufrdk;vif;awmh csmwdwfudk “ppforD;” vdk@0dkif;ac:=u/ csmwdwfudk “&Sif” vdk@jyefxl;cdkif;eJ@ w0g;0g;eJ@ 0dkif;&,f=u/ avSmifajymif=uygw,f? vlwpfa,muf t"rRusifhcH&wmudk vlrqefpGm 0dkif;&,f ae=uygao;w,f? tjrifrawmfwJh vlawGu axmifxJu 'DvdktEdkifusifhr_awGudk axmifr_;udk wifjy=uaomfvnf; “um,uH&SifawG wifjyrS ta&;,lr,f/ rif;wdk@ vufyl;vuf=uyfrrdyJ vm+yD;&Hk;rwifeJ@” jyefajym v$wfvdkufygw,f? 'DudpPawGrSm axmifr_;udk,fwdkifu rodcsifa,mifaqmifae=u+yD; wpfzufu tm;ay; tm;ajrSmuf jyKaeygw,f? t"rRvdifwl qufqHr_rsdK;udk omreftusOf;om;awG tcsif;csif; jyKvkyfwm r&Sdoavmuf &Sm;+yD; axmiftkyfcsKyfa&;twGuf wm0efwpfpHkwpfck ,lxm;wJh olawGuom &mE_ef;jynfheD;yg; usK;vGef=uwm awG@&ygw,f? jrefrmEdkifiHtwGif; emrnfqdk;eJ@ ausmf=um;vSwJh axmifawGteuf tif;pdefaxmif[m vdifwlt"rRjyKusifhr_awGu jzpf&dk;jzpfpOfawGvdk jzpfaeygw,f? tjcm;aom axmifawGrSmvJ 'Dvdk jzpf&yfawG &Sdaeayr,fh tif;pdefaxmif[m tjzpfrsm;qHk;jzpfygw,f tJ'Dvdk vdifwlqufqHa&;uae wqifh tdwfcsftdkifADG Adkif;&yfpfydk; ul;pufysHŒESHhum attdkif'Dtufa&m*g jzpfyGm;r_E_ef;vJ jrifhwufvmygw,f? 'DvdktjzpfawGudk e0wppftkyfpku olwdk@tusdK;pD;yGm; rxdcdkufbl; qdkum vspfv#K&_xm;ygw,f? tusOf;axmifawG&Jh nzuf vlajcwdwfcsdefawG[m t"rRvdifwlqufqHr_awG tjyif axmifwGif; vlowfyGJ awGvnf; +cdrfh+cdrfhoJ usif;y=uww=fuygw,f?

tcef;(6) (u) axmifwGif; AdkvfvkyGJ axmifxJrSmae&wkef; axmifwGif; Adkvfvk=uwJh wdkufyGJawGeJ@ ywfouf+yD; ajymjycsifygao;w,f? [dk;t&ifacwfawGwkef;u axmifudka&mufvmwJ@ tr_awGxJrSm (302) qdkwJ@vlowfr_eJ@ axmifusvmwJholawG tifrwef &Sm;yg;vSygw,f? vlowfr_eJ@ axmifusvmwJh tusOf;om;qdk&if usefwJhtusOf;om;awGu zdef@zdef@wkefatmif a=umuf&GHŒ&ygw,f? tJ'Dvdk omreftusOf;om;awGu olwdk@udka=umuf&GŒH &ovdk tup0efxrf;awGuvnf; useftusOf;om;awGudk tkyfcsKyfzdk@twGuf ae&may;wwf=uygw,f? 'gayr,fh e0wacwfrSmawmh yk'fr (302) vlowfr_u yvlysHatmif rsm;jym;vSwmudk awG@&+yD; tJ'D yk'frorm;awG tcsif;csif; axmifwGif;ae&mvkwJh (AdkvfvkwJh) udpPawG qufwdkufjyKvkyfvmygawmhw,f? vlowfr_eJ@ axmifusvmwm ESpf&Snform;rsm;[m olwdk@rSm axmif0ifpm vmwmvnf;r&Sd/ ausmaxmuf aemufcHuvnf; r&Sd/ &Jbufpcef;awGudkvnf; roGm;csifwma=umifh axmifxJrSm AdkvftjzpfeJ@ 0efxrf;awGaum useftusOf;orm;rsm;yg todtrSwfjyKvmzdk@ ta&; olwdk@(302)rsm; tcsif;csif; ol@xufig vlpGrf;aumif;awG vkyfEdkifzdk@ “Adkvf”vkyGJawG jyKvkyfvm =uygw,f? axmifxJrSm Adkvfjzpf+yD qdkvdk@uawmh ESdyfe,fay;r,fholawG/ [dkzuf'Dzuf ay;urf; ausG;arG;=ur,fholawG aygrsm;vm+yD; axmifxJrSmvkyfcsifwm vkyfcGifh&wwfygw,f? 'Dvdk a&ay:qDae&mudk &mZ0wf tusOf;orm;awG tawmfav; ESpf+cdKuf=uygw,f? 'Dvdkae&mrsdK;&zdk@ qdkwmuvnf; vG,fvG,feJ@ &Edkifwm r[kwfygbl;? ausmeJ@&if;+yD;rS &EdkifwmrsdK;yg? 'guawmh axmifxJrSm &mZ0wf tusOf;om;tcsif;csif; jy\emr&Sd jy\em&Sm+yD; vlowf&wmyJ jzpfygw,f? a,musFm;&ifhrm}uD;awG jzpf&ufeJ@ "g;"g;csif;/ vSHvSHcsif; rsufESmcsif;qdkif ckwfydkif;jzwf&J=uwJh owWdrsdK;eJ@ owfwmr[kwfyJ ntcsdef toifh,laqmifvmwJ@ oHcsGefeJ@ tjcm;olawG ESpfESpf+cdKuf+cdKuf tdyfaysmfaecsdefrSm xdk;owfwm jzpfygw,f? 'DvdkoHcsGefrsdK;udk axmiftwGif; usGrf;usGrf;usifusif cdk;,loGif;+yD; xdyfzsm;rSm csGefaeatmif aoG;xm;wmyg? 'DvdkoHcsGefrsdK;udk &mZ0wftusOf;om;awG tawmfrsm;rsm; usGrf;usifpGmjzifh axmifwGif;oGif; xm;wwf=uygw,f? ntcsdef vlawG tdyfpufae+yDqdk&if wzufom;u bmrS }udKwifrumuG,fEdkifyJ jzpfaecsdefrSm raorcsif; xdk;owfygw,f? raor&Sif jzpfatmifawmh b,fawmhrS rowfygbl;? tu,fvdk@ towfcH&wJhol raor&Sif jzpfoGm;ygu oHcsGefeJ@ xdk;cH&ol raoyJ owfwJholudk axmif0efxrf;awG 0dkif;&dkufvdk@ toufygavmufatmif cHpm;oGm;&ygvdrf@r,f? 'ga=umifh owfwJholawGu raorcsif; taoowf =uygw,f? tJ'Dvdkowfvdkuf+yD; taqmifwpfckvHk; tkHk;tHk;ºuGufºuGuf jzpf+yDqdkygu wm0efuswJh tcef;vl}uD; b,facsmif a&mufoGm;rSef; rodawmhygbl;? 'DvdktcsdefrSm wpfckck 0ifajymvdkufygu tcef@roifh&if 0ifajymwJholyg tedpPoabmeJ@ udpPacsmoGm;Edkifwma=umifh jzpfygw,f? 'gudk wef;pD;awGu oabmayguf=uvdk@ vlowfr_ jzpf+yDqdk&if 0ifrygwwf=uyg? wm0efus0efxrf;awGudkac:/ aowJholudk tcef;tjyifxkwf/ owfwJholqDu oHcsGefudkodrf;+yD; w&m;cHudk &J vuftyf&ygw,f? w&m;&Hk;rSm aemufxyf tr_udk&ifqdkif+yD; axmifESpfrsm;rsm;udk&ifrSm ydkuf+yD; axmifxJ jyef0ifvmygw,f? tJ'Dvdk axmifxJ jyef0ifvm+yDqdk&if wpfaxmifvHk;u olowfcJhwJh vlowfr_udk todtrSwfjyKajymqdk/

&mZ0wfom;tcsif;csif; av;pm;a=umuf&GHŒwJh t=unfhawGeJ@ =unfh=u/ &dk&dkaoao qufqH=uygawmhw,f? tJ'Dvdk jzpfvm+yD qdkrSjzifh axmifydkifudk,fwdkif todtrSwfjyKwJh taeeJ@ tusOf;om;awGudk tkyfcsKyfzdk@ ae&mwpfae&m ay;ygw,f? tJ'Dtcsdefup+yD; axmifxJrSm “Adkvf” jzpfoGm;ygawmhw,f? nzufrSm qlqlnHnH jzpfvm&if vlowfr_jzpf&ifjzpf/ rjzpf&ifawmh tusOf;om;awG em;vnfxm;wJh o&JpD;wm jzpfwwfygw,f? axmifxJu o&JpD;w,f qdkwJhta=umif; enf;enf;avmuf &Sif;jycsifygw,f? o&JpD;w,fvdk@ ajym=uayr,fh trSefwu,fo&J&Sdvm;/ r&Sdbl;qdkwJhudpPu tjiif;yGm;p&m udpPwpfckygyJ? tusOf;om; awmfawmfrsm;rsm; axmifxJrSm ajymwmuawmh nzuftdyfae&if; wpfa,mufa,mufu p+yD;tdyfae&mu “a[;”qdk+yD; toHxGufvm&if tJ'DtoH pxGufvmwJh oludk&dkuf+yD; E_dk;&ifE_dk;/ rE_d;&if qufwdkufqdkovdk ab;utdyfaewJholawGqD toHawG qufumqufum ul;oGm;ygawmhw,f? tcef;awGuaetaqmif/ taqmifawGuae wpfaxmifvHk;“a[;”qdk+yD;toH}uD; nzufrSm [def;xGuf vmwwfygw,fvdk@ ajym=uygw,f? usaemf&SdwJhtaqmifrSm (3)/ (4) }udrfavmuf tJ'Dvdk jzpfzl;ygw,f? usaemfwdk@vnf; atmfoHawG=um;vdk@ tdyf,mu vef@Edk;+yD; taysmfoabmeJ@ 0dkif;awmif atmfvdkuf =uygao;w,f? udk,fwdkifawmh o&JpD;wm cH&wmawmh r[kwfygbl;? A&kwfus+yD; noef;acgif olrsm;awGeJ@ twl atmf=uwmyJ jzpfygw,f? aysmfp&m awmfawmfaumif;ygw,f? usaemfwdk@twGuf aysmfp&maumif;ayr,fh“a[;”qdk+yD; patmfwJh um,uH&Sifcrsmawmh axmif0efxrf;eJ@ bm,mawGu “o&JpD;wm 'Daumifupwm” qdk+yD;0dkif;&dkuf =uygawmhw,f? o&Jawmh ajymrwwfygbl;? um,uH&Sifuawmh t&dk;wpfjcm;/ tom;wpfjcm; t&dkufcHvdkuf&ygawmhw,f? 'guawmh usaemfodcJhwJh axmifwGif;o&JpD;wJh ta=umif;av;yJ jzpfygw,f? axmifxJrSm o&JpD;vdk@ qlqlnHnHjzpfovdk AdkvfvkyGJawGa=umifhvnf; qlqlnHnH jzpfwwfygw,f? axmifxJrSm vlowf+yD; aemufxyfjypfr_awGeJ@ axmifxJudkjyef0ifvmwJh tusOf;om; vlrdkufawGudk axmiftm%mydkif awGu ae&may; olaumif;jyKvmvdk@ axmifwGif;AdkvfvkyGJawGudk vlowfr_awGeJyJ tqHk;tjzwf ay;=uawmhwm jzpfygw,f? 'Dvdk“AdkvfvkyGJ” eJ@ywfoufvdk@ tif;pdefaxmifwGif;jzpfyGm;cJhwJh vlowfr_wpfckeJ@ axmifAdkvfvkyGJ wpfckta=umif;udk azmfjyvdkygw,f? vlwpfa,muf&Jh touf[m opf&Guf/ zuf&Gufav; wpf&Gufavmufwm wefzdk;r&SdcJhwmawGudk usaemf }uHKawG@&or# wifjyvdkygw,f? (c) oGm;emaevdk@ vlowfwm tif;pdefaxmifxJrSm om;om;qdkwJh &mZ0wftusOf;om; wpfa,muf&Sdygw,f? om;om;[m rl;,pfaq;0g;oHk;pGJ+yD; taqmifrSm xdrf;rEdkifodrf;r&jzpfatmif aomif;usef;aewma=umifh taqmifrSm rxm;awmhyJ ppfacG;wdkufudk ydk@vdkufygw,f? wpfae@rSm reufydkif;}uD; om;om;u ol@oGm; rcHr&yfEdkif udkufaewma=umifh axmifq&m0efudk tac:cdkif;ygw,f? wm0efus0efxrf;u “rif;aq;a=umif+yD; jy\em&SmraeeJ@” vdk@ajym+yD; vspfv#L&_ xm;vdkufygw,f? tJ'Dawmh om;om;uvnf; ol@oGm;wpfaeukef emusifaevdk@ axmifq&m0efudkac:ay;/ rac:ay;&if jy\em&Smr,f qdk+yD; jyefajymygw,f? tJ'DawmhrS 0efxrf;u q&m0ef rtm;ao;vdk@ rvmEdkifa=umif; jyefajymvdkufygw,f? tJ'DrSm om;om;u ol@wdkufcef;wcg;udk zGifhay;zdk@ awmif;qdkygawmhw,f? txufu n$ef=um;xm; aoma=umifh zGifhray;Edkifbl;vdk@ 0efxrf;u jyefajymvdkufawmh om;om;u a'goxGuf+yD; 'gqdk&ifaxmifydkifudk ac:ay;vdk@ xyfajymygw,f? axmif0efxrf;vnf; bmrSjyefrajymawmh

“at; . . . &w,f/ rif;wdk@ axmifydkifudkac:ray;&if awG@=uao;wmaygh ”vdk@}udrf;0g;ygw,f? tJ'Daemufydkif; om;om;wpfa,muf ppfacG;wdkuftcef;(9)xJrSm +idrfcsufom; aumif;aeygawmhw,f? tJ'DvdkppfacG;wdkufrSm om;om;eJ@ 0efxrf;wpfa,muf tqifrajy jzpfaecsdefrSm wdkufwdkufqdkifqdkif w&m;&HkjyefawGudk axmifxJu rdef;a*s;vfu axmifr_;}uD;jrifhvSwkd@ tkyfpku rl;,pfaq;eJ@ ydkufqHawGudk &SmazGa&; 0ifaeygw,f? 'DvdkaxmifwGif; &SmazG;a&;0ifwmudk axmiftac:t&“wvmpD”w,fvdk@ ac:ygw,f? tJ'Dvdk wvmpD;aecsdefrSm w&m;&Hk;jyefxJu uHqdk;olwpfa,muf rsufpdawGeDaewmeJ@ “rif;&Hk;rSmaq;csvmw,f r[kwfvm;/ rif;rvdrfeJ@/ igudkrSefrSefajymprf;” tJ'DtcsKyfom;udk +cdrf;ajcmuf+yD; ppfygawmhw,f? aq;&Hku ppfcsuf,lygw,f? 'gayr,fh aq;&Hk&Jh ppfcsufrvmcifrSmyJ rdef;a*s;0efxrf;awG&Jh wpfzufouf qHk;jzwfcsufrsm;a=umifh tcsKyfb0eJ@ w&m;&Hk; xGufae&wJh tJ'DtcsKyfom;udk a'gufawG/ ajcusif;awGcwf+yD; ppfacG;wdkufudk jypf'%fqdk+yD; ydk@vdkufygw,f? ppfacG;wdkufrSm tcef;(10)cef;&SdwJhteuf tjcm;tcef;awGrSm rxm;yJ jy\emaumif om;om;&SdwJh tcef;(9)rSm xm;vdkufygw,f? aemufwpfckuawmh usaemfwdk@ xrif;pm;0dkif;rSm xrif;twlwlpm;+yD; tvkyf}uD;rSm tvkyfvkyf&wJh udkjrifhOD;vnf; wvmpDwJhtcgrSm jy\emwuf+yD; ppfacG;wdkufudk a'gufcwf/ ajcusif;jypf'%feJ@ ydk@cHvdkuf&ygw,f? udkjrifhOD;[m yk'fr(120)eJ@ axmifusvmwJh tusOf;om;wpfOD;jzpfygw,f? olwdk@wvmpDwkef;u ydkufqHtacgufuav;wpfck rdoGm;vdk@yJjzpfygw,f? udkjrifhOD;udkvnf; jy\emaumif om;om;&SdwJh tcef;(9)xJrSmyJ aemufwpfa,mufeJ@ twlwl aecdkif;ygw,f? tJ'DrSm om;om;u ppfacG;rSm tjcm;wdkufcef;awG &Sd&ufom;eJ@ ol@tcef;xJrSmyJ(3)a,muf rxm;zdk@ 0efxrf;udkta&;qdkygw,f? ppfacG;wdkuf0efxrf;u ol@udkbmwpfcGef;rS jyefrajymyJ tcef;(9)xJrSmyJ vloHk;a,muf pkxm;vdkufygw,f? ppfacG;wdkuf&Jh tcef;awGu tjcm;wdkufcef;rsm;eJ@ rwlyJ xl;jcm;wJ tcsufwpfcsuf &Sdygw,f? tJ'Dtcsuf uawmh wdkufcef;&Jh axmifhwpfzufrSm taygh/ tav;oGm;zdk@ twGufxm;xm;wJh *efzvm;wpfvHk;&Sdygw,f? tdrfomwufwJhtcgrSm *efzvm;udk cGxdkifxm;wJhtwGuf =um=umxdkif&if ajcovHk;awG awmifhwif;vmygw,f? 'ga=umifh5(n)awGu 0dkif;+yD; axmifydkifbdk=unfudk wifjy=uvdk@ axmifydkifbdk=unfu *efzvm; wpfzufwpfcsufpDrSm tkwfcJESpfvHk;qifh ay;xm;ygw,f? tkwfcJESpfvHk;pm tjrifhuae aemufaz;oGm;&wm tawmfhudk tqifajyygw,f? axmifydkifbdk=unf&Jh vdkufavsmr_a=umifh 'Dvdk tkwfcJav;eJ@ bmeJh jzpfvmwma=umifh tkwfcHkav;jzpfatmif wifjycJh=uwJh 5(n)awGu tJ'DtkwfcHkav;rSm “bdk=unfaumif;r_”vdk@ a&;xdk;xm;wmudk usGefawmfwdk@ avbmudpPjypf'%feJ@ ppfacG;wdkufrSm ae&pOfwkef;u awG@jrifcJh&ygw,f? om;om;u tJ'Dtcef;xJudk t&ifOD;qHk; a&mufESifhwJholjzpfvdk@ tdrfomwufwJh tkwfcHkudk ajcusif;eJ@ &dkufjzKwfxm;wmudk b,folrS rodvdkufygbl;? ntdyfcsdef a&mufwJhtcgrSm om;om;u t0ifayguf0rSm oltdyfzdk@ae&m owfrSwfygw,f? +yD;awmhudkjrifhOD;eJ@ tcsKyfom;udk ajc&if;zufu tdrfomwufwJh *efzvm;em;rSm tdyfzdk@ oluyJ ae&mcsay;ygw,f? n(9)em&Dxdk;awmh udkjrifhOD;eJ@ tcsKyfom;uvnf; to/D;oD; udk,fhae&mudk,f tdyf=uygw,f? noef;acgifavmuf tm;vHk; tdyfarmusaewJh tcsdefrSm tdrfomwufwJh *efzvm;em;rSm tdyfaewJh udkjrifhOD;udk om;om;u ajcaxmufeJ@uef+yD;E_dk;ygw,f? “rif;[dkbufaxmifhrSmoGm;tdyf” qdk+yD;ajymygw,f? udkjrifhOD;uvnf; tdyf,mu&kwfw&uf E_d;cHvdkuf&vdk@ a'go xGufoGm;ygw,f? noef;acgif tcsdefrawmf jy\em rwufcsifwma=umifh reufusrSyJ 0efxrf;udkajym+yD; tcef;ajymif;aer,fvdk@ qHk;jzwf+yD; wpfzufudk ajymif;a&GŒtdyfvdkufygw,f? 'Dvdktdyf,m ajymif;tdyfvdkufwm[m udkjrifhOD;twGuf tifrwef uHaumif;oGm;w,fqdkwm c%t=umrSmyJ odvdkufygawmhw,f?

om;om;[m ol@&Jh ajzusif;eJ@a'gufudk aoaocsmcsmjyifqif/ ol@ykqdk;udk jyefjyif0wfygw,f? tdrfomwufwJh *efzvm;ab;u tkwfcJwpfvHk;udk qGJjzKwfvdkuf+yD; ol@eab;em;u tdyfarmusaewJ@

tcsKyfom;&Jh OD;acgif;udk vufxJutkwfcJeJ@ tcsufaygif;rsm;pGm xkcsvdkufygw,f? tm;yg;w& ol@pdwf auseyfavmufatmif &dkuf+yD;csdefrSm tcsKyfom;crsm toHawmif rxGufEdkif&SmyJ toufZD0def csKyf+idrf;oGm;ygw,f?

'Dtjzpftysufudk tptqHk; jrifvdkuf&wJh udkjrifhOD;wpfa,muf aoG;ysufrwwf cHpm;vdkuf&ygw,f? a=umuf&GHŒwkefv_yfr_}uD;pGmeJ@ wm0efus 0efxrf;awGudk atmf[pfac:ygw,f? nzuf wm0efus 0efxrf;awGeJ@ axmifydkifwdk@ ppfacG;wdkufudk csufcsif; a&muf&Sdvmygw,f? a&mufa&mufcsif; olwdk@awGu om;om;udk vufeufcszdk@ ajymygw,f? om;om; vufeufcs +yD;wJhtcgrSm axmifydkifu tcsKyfom;udk bmha=umifh owf&wmvJvdk@ ar;awmh olreufwnf;u oGm;emaevdk@ axmifq&m0efudk ac:cdkif;ayr,fhr&/ axmifydkifudk ac:cdkif;wmvJ r&vdk@ 'Dvdkvkyf+yD; ac:&wmyJvdk@ om;om;u jyefajzygw,f? 'Dtr_eJ@ ywfouf+yD; w&m;&Hk;&ifqdkif&rSm jzpfygw,f? 'DudpP[m tusOf;axmifwpfckvHk; ysHŒESH@oGm;wma=umifh 'Dtr_+yD;qHk;vdk@ axmifxJ jyefa&mufvm&if usefwJhtusOf;om;awGu ol@udk a=umuf&HGŒav;pm;=urSm jzpfovdk/ “Adkvf” wpfa,muf jzpfvmrSmvJ aocsm ygw,f? 'gayr,fh olwdk@&Jhtvdka'go/ twWawGudk wefzdk;&SdvSwJh vl@toufawGeJ@ &if;ESD;ae=uwm &ifeifhzG,f aumif;vSygw,f? vlwpfa,muf&Jh touf[m zuf&Gufav;wpf&Gufavmuf wefzdk;r&Sd jzpfoGm;ygw,f? axmiftwGif;rSm vl@touf[m puUef@ydkif;twGif;rSmyJ vHk+cHKr_ uif;a0;oGm;wmudk awG@vdkuf&ygw,f? (*) }udK;rdef@eJ@raoyJ aygufjym;eJ@ ao&ol tif;pdefaxmifxJrSm 1991 ckESpfwkef;u vlowfr_}uD;wpfc kt}uD;tus,f jzpfcJhygw,f? trSwf(4) tdyfaqmifrSm axmifr_;atmifpdk; tkyfcsKyfaewJh tcsdefrSm jzpfygw,f? taqmif(4)&Jh a&uefbm,m jra*gifESifh &mZ0wftusOf;om; wpfOD;jzpfwJh ig;&SOfhwdk@&Jh tkyfpkzGJ@ tm;+ydKifr_udk tajccH+yD; aemufqufwGJ jy\emawGjzpfyGm;ygw,f? ol@*Gif/ udk,fh*Gif qdk+yD;pnf;jcm;xm;+yD; pnf;ausmfvm&ifawmh jra*gifu olydkife,fjzpfwJh a&uefrSm tm%mukefxkwfoHk;+yD; vufpGrf;jyygw,f? jra*gifeJ@ig;&SOfhwdk@ ESpfzuf=um; t+idK;taw;awG &Sd=uygw,f? tJ'Dt+idK;uvnf; “ò*dvf”vk=uwJhudpPtay: tajccH+yD; jra*gifu ig;&SOfh wdk@tay: vlvnfusoGm;wJh jy\emygyJ? tJ'Daemufydkif; olkwdk@tzGJ@awG wpfzufeJ@wpfzuf apmif;ajrmif;ae=uygawmhw,f? wpf&ufrSm jra*gif[m xHk;pHtwdkif; toHpGmus,fpGmus,feJ@ vufxJrSm vufpGJawmf 0g;&if;wkwfudk wdkifxm;+yD; a&uefrSm yg0gjyaeygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm ig;&SOfhwdk@tkyfpkxJu csmwdwfwpfa,mufudk a&uefrSm&SdwJh pnf;urf;udk rvdkufemvdk@qdk+yD; wkwfeJ@&dkufygw,f? jra*gifuvnf; ol@*GifxJ 0ifvmwma=umifh tydkifyJqdk+yD; &dkufv$wfvdkufygw,f? tJ'Dcsmwdwfvnf; jra*gif&Jh vufcsufeJ@ zl;a&mifoGm;ygw,f? +yD;awmh olwdk@acgif;aqmif ig;&SOfhqD owif;ydk@ ta=umif;=um;ygw,f? jra*gifuvnf; ig;&SOfhudk rodrom pdefac:vdkufwJh oabmvnf; ygwma=umifh olwdk@(2)zuf&JhwdkufyGJu rvdkvm;tyfyJ }uD;xGm;vmygawmhw,f? tJ'DrSmwif ig;&SOfhwdk@tzGJ@u olwdk@&Jh *k%fod%Qmudk jyefvnf tzwfq,fzdk@eJ@ trSwf(4)aqmif&Jh AdkvfvkyGJudk pwifzdk@ }udK;pm;ygawmhw,f? jra*gifudk owfzdk@ }uHpnfygawmhw,f?

odyfr=umcif &ufydkif;avmufrSm ae@vnfpm pm;+yD;vdk@ tusOf;om;awGtm;vHk; tcsdef(1)em&D avmuf&wJhtwGuf udk,fhtcef;rSmudk,f vJav#Smif;em;aecsdefrSm jzpfygw,f? ig;&SOfheJ@ ol@taygif;tyg

wpfpk[m jracgiftdyfaewJh (4)aqmif tcef;(1)xJudk 0ifoGm;=u+yD; toifhygvmwJh awmif,mrSmoHk;wJh aygufwl;eJ@ jra*gifudk ckwfygawmhw,f?

ig;&SOfhwdk@&Jh 'Dvdkv_yf&Sm;r_awGudk }udKwifjrifwJh tusOf;om;awGu xajy;wJholuajy;/ toHAvHawG qlwufoGm;wmrdk@ jra*gif[m tJ'Dtajctaeudk toHk;cs+yD; tcef;xJu xGufajy;ygw,f? ig;&SOfh&Jh wynfhwpfa,mufu jra*gif&Jh tcef;0u wl&Gif;wpfacsmif;eJ@ apmifhae+yD; jra*gif xGufajy;vmawmh wl&Gif;eJ@ qD;&dkufygw,f? uHaumif;pGmyJ wl&Gif;u jra*gifeJh tvGJvGJ tacsmfacsmf jzpfoGm;ygw,f? jra*gifvnf; a=umufa=umufvef@vef@eJ@ ta&SŒzufu uef;pGef;}uD;yifawG pdkufxm;wJh awmif,mxJudk xGufajy;ygw,f? ae@vnfcif; aeylusJ}uD;xJrSm jra*gifwpfa,muf awmif,mxJ aemufjyefajy;ae&if; “oli,fcsif;wdk@/ ightjypfudk igawmif;yefygw,fuGm/ aemufrif;wdk@udk igbmrSrvkyfawmhygbl;”vdk@ yg;pyfu wwGwfwGwf ajymygw,f? jra*gif&Sd&m awmif,mqDudk wa&GŒa&GŒcsOf;uyfvmaewJh ig;&SOfhwdk@ tkyfpku jra*gifudk acsmifydwf&dkufzdk@ aoG;at;at;eJ@ wpfvSrf;csif; a&SŒwdk;vmygw,f? aemif&dk; azmifzsuf+yD;om;qdkwJh xHk;udkESvHk;rl+yD; vufxJrSmwl&Gif;/ aygufjym; toD;oD;udkudkif+yD; jra*gif&Sd&m wl&ludkom oJoJrJrJ OD;wnf oGm;aeygw,f? tusOf;om;awGtm;vHk; tkwfatmfaomif;eif; jzpfaewmrdk@ axmif0efxrf;wpfcsdK@eJ@ axmifr_; a&mufvm ygw,f? ig;&SOfhwdk@tkyfpkudk vufeufcszdk@ atmfajymaeayr,fh ig;&SOfhwdk@tkyfpku wkwfwkwfawmif wpfcsuf rv_yfyJ jra*gif&Sd&mudkom onf;}uD;rJ}uD; vdkufaeygw,f? jra*gif&Jh wkefv_yfaewJh toH}uD;eJ@ awG@or# vlawGtm;vHk;udk tultnD awmif;aeayr,fh ol@udku,fwifzdk@ b,folrS tem;ruyf&Jygbl;? ig;&SOfhwdk@tzGJ&Jh a&SŒudk wpfvSrf;csif;wdk;oGm;wJh ajcvSrf;awG[m a=umufrufzG,f aumif;avmufatmifudk aoG;at;vGef; vSygw,f? 'Dvdk a&SŒudk ajcwpfvSrf;wdk;ae&if;u ig;&SOfh[m ol@vlawGudk “ra=umifeJ@aemf/ vkyfp&m&Sdwm tjywfvkyf/ ra=umifoGm;eJ@aemf”vdk@ wpfzGzGrSmaeygw,f? jra*gif&Jh aoG;ysufp&m aumif;vSwJh atmfoH}uD;u nHxGufvmygw,f? aemufjyef vSnfhajy;ae&if; yg;pyfuae aoG;&_; aoG;wef; atmf[pfawmif;yefae&if; wpfae&mta&muf uefpGef;cif;abmifeJ@ wdkufrd+yD; vJusoGm;ygw,f? a=umufa=umufvef@vef@eJ@ jyefukef;tx ig;&SOf@eJ@ ygvmolwpfa,mufu vufxJuwl&Gif;eJ@ jra*gif&Jh aemufap@udk “cGyf” ueJjrnfatmif &dkufcsvdkufygw,f? “tifh”ueJjrnf+yD; acgif;uaoG;awG jzmueJpD;usvmw,f? cE<mudk,f ',D;',dkifeJ@ ESpfvSrf;/ oHk;vSrf;avmufvSrf;+yD; jra*gifvJusoGm;w,f? tJ'DrSm i&SOfhuol@vufxJu awmif,moHk; aygufjym;eJ@ jra*gif&Jh vnfyif;udk tm;ukef ckwfcsvdkufygw,f? vnfyif;eJ@ acgif;[m jywfvkrwwf jzpfoGm;awmh ig;&SOfhwdk@tygt0if 'Dtjzpftysufudk tptqHk; =unfhae=uwJh olawGtm;vHk; =uufaoao oGm;ygw,f? axmif0efxrf;awGeJ@ axmifrSL;udk,fwdkif yg;pyfta[mif;om;jzpf+yD; jrifuGif;udk taoyrm pdkuf=unfh aeygw,f? ig;&SOfhwdk@ udk,fwdkif a=umifawmifawmif jzpfoGm;+yD; ol@wynfhausmfawGu jra*gifaooGm;wm usdef;ao+yDvdk@ ajymrS rdef;a*s;axmifr_;}uD;vSjrifhudk ac:cdkif;ygw,f? axmifr_;}uD;vSjrifhvmrS vufeufcsEdkifr,fvdk@ajymrS axmifr_;}uD;udk oGm;ac:ay;ygw,f? c%t=umrSm axmifr_;}uD;vSjrifh vlowfr_jzpfwJhae&mudk a&mufvmygawmhw,f? axmifr_;}uD;vSjrifh a&mufwmeJ@ ig;&SOfheJ@ taygif;tyg(2)OD;wdk@[m olwdk@cE<mudk,fay:u axmift0wftpm;awGudk wpfckrusef tukefcsGwfvdkuf ygw,f? +yD;awmh axmifr_;vSjrifhudk “usaemfwdk@ vlwpfa,mufudk owfvdkuf+yD/ tJ'Dawmh usaemfwdk@udk aemufr_ &Hk;xGuf&rSm jzpfwJhtwGuf &Jvuftyfyg? usaemfwdk@udpP&JeJ@ qdkifoGm;+yD/ tusOf;OD;pD;XmeeJ@ rqdkifawmhbl;/ usKyfwdk@ cE<mudk,frSm bmt&_d;&mrS r&Sdbl;aemf/ tJ'Dawmh axmifr_;}uD;wdk@(tup)0efxrf;awG &dkufzdk@jyifaewm udk&kyfodrf;ygvdk@ awmif;qdkygw,f” axmifr_;}uD;vSjrifhuol@ 0efxrf;awGzufvSnfh+yD;

“uJ/ uJ/ rif;wdk@bmrSrvkyf=ueJ@” vdk@ajymqdk+yD; ig;&SOfhwdk@qDu vlowf&mrSm toHk;jyKcJhwJh vufeufawGudk odrf;,lygw,f? ('Dae&mrSm wpfcsufwifjyp&m wpfck&Sdygw,f? wpfcgwkef;u axmifxJrSm oHcsGefudk toHk;jyK+yD; vlowfcJhwJh tusOf;om;w&m;cH wpfa,mufudk tusOf;OD;pD;Xmeu 0efxrf;awG0dkif;+yD; &dkufESuf+yD; ol@tr_udk w&m;&Hk;xkwfygw,f? w&m;&Hk;udk a&mufwJhtcgrSm w&m;cHjzpfolu ol@&JhtuFsDudkcsGwf+yD; ol@ausmukef;u tup0efxrf;awG vlrqefpGm &dkufESufxm;wJh '%f&mawGudk w&m;cGifu trsm;jynfol a&SŒarSmufrSm jyovdkufygw,f? tJ'Dawmh 0dkif;&dkufwJh axmif0efxrf;awG tm;vHk; jy\emjzpf+yD; 'DtD;(DE) 0ifoGm;ygw,f? tusOf;om;twGif; vlowfr_jzpfygu xdktr_[m tr_udkif&JeJ@ w&m;&Hk;wdk@eJ@om oufqdkifoGm;+yD; axmifwGif; pnf;urf;csdK;azmufr_ tao;tr$m;av;awGom axmif0efxrf;awGeJ@ oufqdkifygw,f? ) jra*gif[m tifrwefrS toufjyif;+yD; ol@udkcsxm;wJh }udK;rdef@jypf'%feJ@ raoyJ i&SOfh&Jh aygufjym;vufcsufeJh ao&a=umif; jra*gifeJ@twl }udK;wdkufrSmaecJhzl;wJh autef,lu u&iftrsdK;om; zxD;rsm;uajymjyvdk@ ol@}udK;b0udk odcJh&ygw,f? 1985-1988rqv tpdk;&jyKwfcHeD;tcsdefrSm tif;pdefaxmifudk tkyfcsKyfwJh oluawmh axmifydkifpdefaX;yJjzpfygw,f? axmifouf&ifhaewJh axmifobmawG/ &mZ0wfvlqdk;}uD;awG a,musFm;wefrJh“&Sif”vdk@ xl;oGm;&atmif tusOf;om;tm;vHk;u zdef@zdef@wkefatmif a=umuf&wJh axmifydkifwpfa,muftjzpfeJ@ emrnf}uD;ygw,f? 'ga=umifh axmifydkifpdefaX; tkyfcsKyfpOfumvu 'DvdkpmcsdK;av;&Sdw,fvdk@ trsm;uajym=uygw,f? “ukef;rSm a¹rGayG;/ a&rSm ia&G;/ axmifrSm pdefaX;”wJh? axmifydkifpdefaX;[m tusOf;awGtay:/ axmif&mZ0ifvlqdk;awGtay:rSm atmifyGJawGcH=uayr,fh tJ'DatmifyGJu =um=umrcHcJhygbl;? olcsKyfudkifcJhwJh axmifvlqdk;awG vGwfwJhtcg axmifydkifpdefaX;&Jh orD;udk tusOf;OD;pD;Xme0if;rSmyJ rk'def;usifhoGm;cJhvdk@ &l;rwwf cHpm;&w,fvdk@ =um;od&ygw,f? tJ'DaxmifydkifpdefaX;&Jh vufxufrSm axmifxJudk jra*gifqdkwJh tusOf;om;wpfa,muf a&muf&Sdvmygawmhw,f? jra*gif[m &mZ0wfr_awG t}uD;tus,fusL;vGefcJh+yD;/ vlowf/ ypPnf;vk/ rk'def;usifh/ tavmif;azsmuf pm&if;0ifwpfa,mufrdk@ w&m;&Hk;u ol@udkao'%ftrdef@ csrSwfcJhygw,f? jra*gif[m ol@&Jhtr_twGuf t,lcHv$mcHtqifhqifh wifcJhayr,fh +rdK@e,f/ wdkif;/A[dk tqifhawGu “yvyf”vdkufvdk@ tJ'Dwkef;u EdkifiHawmforRw}uD;OD;pef;,kxHudk aemufqHk; tqifhtaeeJ@ t,lcHv$m wifoGif;ae&wJh tcsdefjzpfygw,f? rqvtpdk;&vufxuf tusOf;axmiftwGif; }udK;ay;pepfu pDeD,mtvdkuf tvSnfhus yHkpHjzpfygw,f? jra*gif[m ol@&Jh tr_&_H;aerSef;odoGm;+yD; 'Dwpfacguf }udK;ay;cH&r,fhtvSnfhu ol@tvSnfhjzpfwma=umifh ao&rSmudk tvGefwkefv_yfaeygw,f? 'ga=umifh}udK;rdef@udk tenf;i,f a&SmifuGif;Edkifatmifqdk+yD; jra*gifwpfa,muf &kyf&Sif&dkufygawmhw,f? &kyf&Sif&dkufw,fqdkwm ydyd&d&d [efaqmifwmudk ajymwmyg? ol&kyf&Sif&dkufwJh yHkpHu ol@atmufydkif; ajcaxmufaooGm;wJh yHkpH[efaqmif+yD; ao;rSef;/ csD;rSef;rodatmif wu,fhudk [efaqmifaumif;aumif;eJ@ o&kyfygyg [efaqmifygw,f? jra*giftckvdk [efaqmifaewmudk axmifq&m0eftm;vHk;u ouFmruif;jzpfaeygw,f? axmif&JhxHk;pHt& }udK;rdef@ ao'%ftrdef@ qdkwm owfcsifwdkif;owfvdk@ r&=uygbl;? owfrSwfxm;wJh usef;rma&;pHcsdef/ pHn$ef;awGeJ@ udkufnDa=umif; q&m0ef&Jh aq;axmufcHcsuf ygrSom }udK;ay;owfvdk@ &ygw,f? }udK;ay;cgeD; tusOf;om;[m usef;rma&;t& aumif;rGefae&ygr,f? axmifq&m0efawG[m jra*gif&Jh ajcaxmuf atmufydkif;udk rD;&_dŒ=unfh/ csdwfawG/ tyfawGeJ@ ayguf=unfhayr,fh jra*gifuvnf; wcsufuav;rS rwGef@/ rsufpdrsufESm rysufyJ [efaqmifaumif;aeawmh axmifq&m0efawGuvnf; a&m*gjrefjref aysmufuif;atmif aq;ukor_awG vkyf&ygawmhw,f? axmif0efxrf;awGvnf; jra*gifajcaxmuf jyefvnfaumif;rGef&ef ae@pOfvrf;av#mufzdk@ ol@&Jh}udK;wdkuftcef;wcg;udk t+rJzGifhay;xm;ygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm qdk&ifjra*gifudk }udK;ay;+yD;owf&if

aemuftvSnfhusr,fh 0if;armifwdk@om;tzawGuvnf; jra*gifudk vdkavao;r&Sd udk,fzd&ifzdjyKpk+yD; jra*gif&Jhtvdrf ray:zdk@twGuf tppt&m&m tm;ay;=uygw,f? “jra*gif awmifhxm; . . . awmifhxm;” 0if;armifwdk@om;tzawG&Jh jypfr_uvnf; xl;qef;wJh &mZ0wfr_ wpfckvdk@qdk&ygr,f? 0if;armifwdk@ usL;vGefcJhwJh jypfr_&Jh tpuawmh ol@wdk@tdrfab;u pD;yGm;+ydKifzuftcsif;csif; pD;yGm;a&; tm;+ydKif&muae avmbaZm rxdrf;EdkifawmhyJ wpfzufom;rdom;pk'kuQa&mufapwJh &nf&G,fcsufeJ@ vlowfr_jzpfay:&wJhtqifhxd usL;vGefcJh=uwmjzpfygw,f? wpfzufeJ@wpfzuf &dk;&dk;wef;wef; pD;yGm;+ydKifqdkif&muae 0if;armifwdk@pD;yGm;uspjyKcsdefwGif wpfzufpD;yGm;+ydKifzufay: ydkrdktaumuf}uH&ef }uHpDvm=uawmhw,f? tJ'Dumv&Jh &ufwpf&ufrSm olwdk@tdrfab;u pD;yGm;+ydKifzufrdom;pkxJu vlrr,f uav;i,fudk rnfolwpfOD;wpfa,mufrS rodvdkufwJh tcsdefrSm 0if;armifwdk@om;tzawG wdkifyif+yD; uav;i,fudk ausmufjyifeJ@xkowfum tavmif;udk 0if;armifwdk@ om;tzawGu olwdk@tdrf&Jh tdrfomab; tkwf=um;rSm jrKyfxm;+yD; vuf&mazsmufcJhwm jzpfygw,f? 'ga=umifh 0if;armifwdk@om;tz[m vlowf/ tavmif;azsmufr_udk usL;vGefcJhwJh vlowfw&m;cHawG jzpfygw,f? b,folrS rod&SdvdkufwJh vlowfr_vdk@qdk&ayr,fh wpfpHkwpfa,mufaomolu tJ'Dt&mudk odjrifvdkufygw,f? tJ'Dwpfa,mufu tjcm;olkr[kwfygbl;? t&G,fra&mufao;wJh 0if;armif&Jhom; jzpfygw,f? towfcH&wJh uav;i,feJ@ 0if;armif&Jhom;[m t+rJyJ [dkzuftdrf/ 'Dzuftdrf 0ifxGuf aqmhupm;aeus upm;zufawGjzpfygw,f? tcif;jzpfcJhwJhae@u 0if;armifwdk@ om;tzawG uav;udk ausmufjyifeJ@xkowfaewmudk acsmifwpfacsmifuae 0if;armif&Jhom;i,fav;u jrifawG@oGm;cJhygw,f? aysmufqHk;oGm;wJh uav;i,f&Jh tavmif;udk &JeJ@qdkif&mu b,fvdkyJ&Sm&Sm ajc&mvuf&m/ oJvGefp wpfckav;rS rawG@yJ jzpfaewJhtcsdefrSm 0if;armif&Jhom;ti,fav;[m ol@tdrfu tdrfomudkoGm;zdk@ tifrwef a=umufvef@aewmudk oJvGefp&+yD;oufqdkif&meJ@ uav;&Jhausmif;u q&mrrsm; uvlowfr_ udk }udK;yrf;azmfxkwf=uygw,f? 0if;armifom;i,fav;&Jh xGufqdkcsuftwdkif; tdrfomab;u tkwfeH&Hudk &SmazGazmfxkwfwJh tcgrSmawmh ykyfyGaewJh uav;tavmif; oufaotjzpf&&Sd+yD; w&m;&Hk;rSm w&m;pGJqdkI uav;udkowfwJh 0if;armifwdk@ om;tzawGudk ao'%ftjzpf pD&ifcsuf csrSwfvdkufygw,f? jra*gif[m tJ'Dvdk&kyf&Sif&dkuf[ef aqmifae&if; 1988 ta&;tcif;umv tif;pdefaxmifwGif; qlylr_jzpfawmh jra*gifwpfa,muf ajcaxmuftaumif;om;/ vuftaumif;om;eJ@ axmifxJrSm aomif;usef; aeygawmhw,f? 1988ta&;cif;+yD;awmh rqvvufxufwkef;u zrf;qD;axmifcscJhwJh axmufvSrff;a&; rsufrSefwifOD;eJ@ jynfxJa&;0ef}uD; bdkeDwdk@udk jyefv$wfay;wJh vGwf+idrf;csrf;oma&;udk 1989ckESpf/ arvrSm e0w tpdk;&uay;ygw,f? tJ'Dtrdef@eJ@ tusHkK;0ifum jra*gifeJ@ 0if;armifwdk@om;tzawG rqvtpdk;&vufxufu csrSwfxm;wJh aordef@}udK;'%fr_awGu vGwf+yD; wpfoufwpfusGef; jypf'%fudk ajymif;vJcJhygw,f? jra*gifwpfa,muf &kyf&Sif&dkuf[efaumif;+yD; trsdK;rsdK;}udK;yrf;cJhvdk@ ao'%fqdkwJh }udK;rdef@u vGwf+yD;umrS 1991ckESpfwGif trSwf(4)tdyfaqmifrSm a&uefbm,mb0eJ@ aemufwpf}udrf ao'%fjyefusoGm; ygawmhw,f? 'Dwpfcg ao'%fuawmh jra*gifwpfa,muf b,favmufyJ o&kyfaqmif aumif;ayr,fh toufjyef&Sif vmawmhrSm r[kwfygbl;?

tcef;(7) (u) axmifaq;&HkqdkonfrSm axmifaq;&HkqdkonfrSm (2)xyfaqmif taqmifjzpf+yD; axmifAl;0aevm&if nmzuftjcrf;rSm &Sdygw,f? tJ'Daxmifaq;&HkrSm tkyfcsKyfaewJholuawmh axmifq&m0ef a'gufwmpdk;=unfqdkol jzpfygw,f? a'gufwmpdk;=unf[m axmifusvlemawGudk owfwJhae&mrSm owif;}uD;vSwJh q&m0efwpf a,mufjzpfovdk ol@vufcsufeJ@ raooifhyJ aoqHk;cJh&wJh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om; awGrenf;vSygbl;? a'gufwmpdk;=unf[m ociftm;&/ usGefyg;0qdkwJhtwdkif; e0w&Jh vufudkifwkwfyDyD tusOf;om;awGtay: r!‡mrwm &ufpufwwfygw,f? ol@txufu olawGu enf;enf;qdk&if olursm;rsm; qdk;jyavh&Sdygw,f? 1990ckESpfwkef;u EdkifiHa&; tusOf;om;5(n)awG tpmiwfcH qENjywmvkyf wkef;u “ tpmiwfcH&if a&ygraomufeJ@/ a&tdk;awGjyefodrf; ” vdk@axmif0efxrf;awGudk wdkuf&dkuf!$ef=um;cJhol wpfa,mufjzpfygw,f? tpmiwfcHwdkkufyGJ 0ifae=u olawGudk +zdKcGJbdk@twGuf ppfwyfawG/ &JawG/ axmif0efxrf;awGu tcef;awGudk tukefzGifh/ tusOf;om;awGudk yHkpH}uD;xdkifcdkif;+yD; 0ifa&muf &dkufESufygw,f? 'gtjyif axmiftpmiwfcH wdkufyGJrsm;udk +zdKcGJwJhtcg axmiftjyifuae axmiftwGif;u atmfoHawG/ &dkufESuf/ykwfarmif;oHawGpwJh toHAvHawG r=um;&atmif “pmO”oDcsif;udk axmifxJrSm us,fus,favmifavmif zGifhxm;ygw,f? axmif0efxrf;awGu qENjyolawGudk vlrqefpGm &dkufESufaewJhtcsdefrSm a'gufwmpdk;=unfu aemufuae ae+yD; “'Daumifu quf&dkufvdk@ &ao;w,f/ 'Daumifu bmrSrjzpfao;bl;/ quf&dkuf raooGm;&if +yD;a&m? usdK;oGm;yJhoGm;vnf; *&krpdkufeJ@ igqufukr,f rif;wdk@&dkufom&dkuf” qdk+yD; axmif0efxrf;awGudk ajrSmufay; yifhay;cJhwmudk tpmiwfcHwdkufyGJrSm vlrqefpGm t&dkufcHvdkuf&wJh 5(n)EdkifiHa&; tusOf;om;awG rSwfrdaeygw,f? txl;ojzifh “ pmO ” oDcsif;oH=um;&if olwdk@t&dkufcH cJh&wmudk jyef+yD; owd&aerSm aocsmvSygw,f? axmifxJrSm aexdkifraumif;jzpfvdk@ xrif;rpm;Edkif&if axmifuae qefjyKwfay;ygw,f? qefjyKwf[m b,fvdkrS pm;vdk@r&atmif usJawmufaewJh xrif;&nfusJusJyJ jzpfygw,f? axmifxJrSm emzsm; rusef;rmwJh olawG/ tpmtdrfa0'em&SifawGu olwdk@tdrfawGuae pm;vdk@&r,fhtpm;tpmawG Oyrm -acgufqGJajcmufxkyfvdkrsdK;udk rSm=uygw,f? tJ'Dvdk ypPnf;rsdK;udk axmif0ifpmuae &dk;&dk;ay;roGif;yJ a'gufwmpdk;=unf&Jh aq;axmufcHcsufygrSom axmifwGif;ay;oGif;ygw,f? 'DawmhrS tJ'Dvdk axmif0ifpmvufrSwfawG a'gufwmpdk;=unf[m 0ifaiGvrf;ajzmifhcJhovdk pm;aygufvJ acsmifcJhygw,f? oleJ@tqifajywJhol/ ol@udk ay;urf;ausG;arG;wJholqdk&if t&m&m acsmarG@ aeayr,fh ol@udk ray;urf;wJholqdk&if aooGm;vnf; vHk;0*&krpdkufawmhyg? ol[m vlemawGudk owfzdk@ twGuf aorif;&Jh udk,fpm;vS,f jzpfygw,f? axmifaq;&Hktay:xyf[m q&m0ef&Jh axmufcHcsuftjyif axmifydkif&Jh cGifhjyKcsufeJ@om aexdkifEdkifwJh ae&mwpfckjzpf+yD; tif;pdefaxmifaq;&HkrSm trsm;qHk; aexdkifEdkif=u olrsm;uawmh tusOf;OD;pD;Xme&Jh ywfoufolrsm; q&m0efudk vufaqmifwdk@ tca=u;aiG vpOfa=u;aiG rsm;ay;+yD; aexdkifEdkif=uolrsm; jzpfygw,f? trsm;pkrSm pD;yGm;a&; tqifajy acsmifvnfolrsm; jzpf=u+yD; trSefwu,f usef;rma&; csGwf,Gif;aeolawG r&Sdoavmufenf;ygw,f?

axmifaq;&Hk[m usef;rmoefpGrf;wJh abmufcsmawGeJ@ jynfh=uyfaewwf+yD; taqmifawGrSmawmh ,m;emawG/ usef;rma&; csGwf,Gif;olawGeJ@ jynfh=uyfaewwfwm xHk;pHygyJ? wpfcg usaemfwdk@ taqmif&Jh tcef;(8)rSm tusOf;om;wpfa,mufu tqkwfa&m*g roufromjzpfaevdk@ nzufrSm wm0efuswJh 0efxrf;udk wifjyygw,f? tJ'D0efxrf;u nzufwcg; zGifh&wmrvG,fbl;/ aq;&Hkudk nzufwufzdk@ cufw,fqdk+yD; aq;r_;vkyfwJholu em;usyfeJh [dkprf;/ 'Dprf;vkyf+yD;“ rif;a&m*gu bmrSjzpfwmr[kwfbl;/ aq;vdyfraomufeJh/ awmf=umae oufomoGm;vdrfhr,f” vdk@qdkum vlemudk trdkifEdkaq;jym;(2)jym; ay;+yD; jyefxGufoGm;ygw,f? axmifu aq;r_;ajymovdk reufusawmh tJ'Dvlemcrsm oufomaysmufuif;oGm;vdkufwm toufyg aysmufuif;oGm;wJhtxddygyJ? reufrdk;vif;awmh tdyfaqmifwHcg;awG zGif@wJhtcgrSm nwkef;u tqkwfa&m*gudk jyif;jyif;xefxef cHpm;cJh&wJh vlemuawmh at;pufawmifhwif;ae+yD; vl@avmuuae pGef@cGmoGm;ygw,f? 'geJ@ axmifwGif;aoqHk;r_awGtwGuf aq;ppfwmawGvkyfawmh q&m0efu “jrefjref0ÉfusGwfoGm;wmayghuGm/ ol@rSmu aemuftr_wpfck&Sdao;w,f” wJh? omref tusOf;om;wpfa,muf[m axmifaq;&Hkwufzdk@ tcuftcJawG trsm;}uD;&Sdayr,fh aiGa=u;csrf;omwJh olawGu axmifabmufcsmawGeJ@aygif;+yD; aq;&HkrSmwif tcef@om;ae&HkwifruyJ axmifaq;&Hkuae tif;pdefaq;&Hkudkawmif tvG,fwul xGufvdk@&aeygw,f? 'Dae&mrSm pD;yGm;a&;yk'fr(5)eJ@ axmifusvm+yD; axmifaq;&HkrSmaexdkifwJh w&kwfolaX;wpfa,mufta=umif; ajymjycsifygao;w,f? 'Dvdk ajymjywmuvnf; tJ'DolaX;w&kwf}uD;tay: remvdk 0efwdkr_a=umifhr[kwfyJ tusOf;axmif,EW&m; vnfywfyHku uarmufur jzpfaeyHkudk ajymjycsifvdk@ jzpfygw,f? pD;yGm;a&;yk'freJ@ axmifusvmwJh w&kwfolaX;}uD;[m reufrdk;vif;qdk&if tjyifu a=u;tdk;rSmjyD; pm;aomufygw,f? xrif;pm;csdefqdk&ifvnf; axmiftjyifu xrif;/ [if;udkom pm;aomufEdkif+yD; axmifxJrSmwif tcdki;ftapESpfa,mufeJ@ tcef@om;aexdkifygw,f? ol@vdk a&ay:qDawGudk eif;ay;ESdyfay;wJ@ olwpfcsdK@vnf; &Sdygao;w,f? axmifxJrSm tJ'Dvdk ZdrfcHaexdkif&HkeJ@ tm;r&ao;wJhtjyif ol@tdrfu tdrfom;awGeJ@ awG@csif&if ajcaxmufrSm ajcusif;ao;ao;av;0wf+yD; axmiftjyifrSm oGm;awG@Edkifyg ao;w,f? axmifxJrSm axmifpnf;urf;wpfckudkrS rvdkufemEdkifyJ aiGa=u;a=umifh axmifabmufcsmawG[m axmifuswmrS wlygao;&Jhvm;vdk@ ar;vdkufcsifygw,f? tJ'D axmifabmufcsmawG/ a&ay:qDawGu olwdk@&Jh aus;Zl;&Sif}uD;awGudkawmh tawmfhudk odwwfygw,f? axmifrSmu nzufaxmifydwfwHcg;acguf+yDqdk&if bk&m;0wfwuf&ygw,f? +yD;awmh abmufcsmcef;u a&ay:qDawGu(38)bHkudk arwWmydk@=uygw,f? 'Dtxdawmh [kwfaeygao;w,f? +yD;awmhrS txl;pyg,f&S,f arwWmawG ydk@ygw,f? tusOf;OD;pD;Xmeu !GefcsKyf}uD; aZmfrif;/ 'kwd, !Gef=um;a&;r_;csKyf tkH;[ef/ !Gefr_;cifarmifvwf/ axmifq&m0ef pdk;=unf/ tkH;azeJ@ axmif0efxrf;awGudk emrnfeJ@&mxl;awGwyf+yD; ae@pOf arwWmydk@ wmudk }uHK&ygawmhw,f? 'Dvdk arwWmydk@wmudk wpfcgrS r}uHKzl;ao;wJh usaemfwdk@tzdk@ &,f&rvdk idk&rvdk jzpfoGm;ygw,f? axmifaq;&HkrSm EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awGtwGuf tcef;wpfcef; xm;ay;xm;+yD; tJ'Dtcef;eJ@ uyf&yfrSm attdkif'Dtufpf a&m*goHo,&Sdolrsm;udk xm;wJhtcef;&Sdygw,f? axmifaq;&Hku tcef;awGu wpfcef;udk vl(15)a,mufavmuf aexdkifEdkif=u+yD; EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om; yk'fr5(n)awGxm;wJh tcef;xJrSmawmh !GefcsKyf abmufcsmawGjzpfwJh e0wywWjrm; tr_wGJjzpfwJh yk'fr(6/ 1)eJ@ axmifusvmwJh tv,fydkif;wdkifppfXmecsKyfu 'kwd,Adkvfr_;}uD;/ AdkvfrSL;eJh Adkvf}uD;pwJh ppfwyft&m&SdawGudk xm; xm;ygw,f? tJ'Dtcef;xJrSm aexdkif=uolawGuawmh ppfwyfjyKwf a'gifa'gifjrnf a,musFm;}uD;awGjzpfygw,f?

(c) vlowfq&m0ef e0w&Jh tusOf;aaxmiftwGif; bufvdkufr_awG/ pm&dwW jcpm;r_awG wpfyHkwpfyif}uD;xJu 'DtcsufawGu tenf;i,fav;awGyJjzpfygw,f? omref 5(n) EdkifiHa&;tusOf;orm;wpfa,muf aq;&Hkudk oGm;csif&ifawmif axmif0efxrf; tapmifhta&SmufeJ@ oGm;&wmyg? aq;&Hkwufzdk@ wifjyvdk@ &Sd&if tvG,fwulr&ygbl;? axmifaq;&HkrSm aexdkif&if;taqmifrSm aexdkif&wmeJ@ uGmjcm;r_awG trsm;}uD; &Sdygw,f? tvkyf=urf;rvkyf&wm/ a&udk 00vifvifcsdK;cGifh&wm/ yHkpHrxdkif&wm/ xrif;pm;&if aq;&Hkpmvdk@ac:wJh xrif;eJ@ tom;wHk;wpfwHk; ae@pOfpm;&wm pwJh tcGifhta&;awG &&Sdygw,f? usaemftif;pdefaxmifrSm ae&pOf axmifwGif; vdrfvnfr_}uD;wpfckudk axmif0efxrf;awG jyKvkyf=u ygw,f? tJ'Dvdrfvnfr_uawmh axmifaq;&HkrSmyJjzpfygw,f? 1990-1991 0ef;usifwpf&ufrSm axmifxJrSm tkwfeHawG aq;okwfjcif;/ yef;yifrsm; pdkufxm;+yD; tvStyrsm; pDcs,fxm;jcif;awGa=umifh xl;qef;aewmrdk@ axmif0efxrf;wpfa,mufudk ar;=unfhawmh ukvor*~rS udk,fpm;vS,f rpPwm ,dkZdk,dkudkwm axmifwGif; vma&mufr,fvdk@ od&ygw,f? ukvor*~ udk,fpm;vS,fra&mufcif axmifaq;&Hku tusOf;OD;pD;eJ@ywfoufwJh q&m0efudk aq;&Hkay:aiGay;+yD;aexdkif=uwJh abmifcsmawG/ a&ay:qDawG/ a&m*gr&SdwJholawGudk axmiftwGif; taqmifawGqD acwWc% qif;aecdkif;ygw,f? trSefwu,f a&m*ga0'em cHpm;ae&olawG/ aocgeD;avmuf a0'emjyif;xefwJh olawGudk 'DtcgusrS aq;&Hkay:udk wifvdkufygw,f? axmifaq;&Hk&Jh tcif;tusOf;awGudk yHkpHajymif;vdkuf+yD; oef@&Sif;vSywJh tdyf,mcif;awG/ acgif;tkH;awGudk tpm;xdk; jyifqifvdkufygw,f? 'gtjyif vlemukwif eHab;upm;yGJ cHkawGay:rSm aq;0g;tjynfhtpHkeJ@ cGeftm;jzpfapwJh tpm;tpmawGjzpfwJh =uufO/ aygifrkef@/ EGm;Edk@awGudk tpDt&D wifxm;ygw,f? tJ'Daq;0g;eJ@ pm;aomufp&mawGudk “vufeJ@ awmifrwdk@&bl;/ taetxm; ysufoGm;&if {nfhonfjyefwJhtcg &dkufr,f” vdk@ 0efxrf;awGu +cdrf;ajcmufygw,f? aiGa=u;wwfEdkifwJh olawGtwGuf axmifxJrSm aiGvrf;cif;+yD; yGJcHaevdk@&ayr,fh q&m}uD;OD;aomfu/ bbOD;pdef0if;wdk@qdk&if a&m*gudk tcsdefrSDod&ufom;eJ@ aq;&HkrSm aq;r&Sdao;vdk@/ tjyifaq;&Hkudk xkwfzdk@ txufu trdef@rusao;vdk@/ axmufvSrf;a&;u cGifhrjyKao;vdk@qdk+yD; pwJhta=umif;jycsufawGeJ@ a&m*gudk wrifqdk;&Gm;atmif jyKvkyfapygw,f? 'g[m cHpm;ae&wJh a0'emudk wjznf;jznf; ydkqdk;vmatmif vkyf+yD; tpOftvm&SdwJh EdkifiHa&; orm;}uD;awGudk tuGufusus owfjzwfaeygw,f? bbOD;pdef0if;eJh q&m}uD;OD;aomfuwdk@ cHpm;ae&wJh a0'emta=umif; taqmifrSm&Sd=uwJh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awGu od&SdoGm;vdk@ olwdk@qDrSm&SdwJh aq;0g;awGudk ydk@ay;zdk@ axmiftm%mydkifawGudk wifjy=uygw,f? q&m}uD;OD;aomfueJ@ bbOD;pdef0if;wdk@[m wdkufxJrSm ae&wmjzpfygw,f? tJ'Dawmh axmifq&m0efeJ@ axmifydkifwdk@u rvdkufav#mcJhygbl;? axmifydkiftkef;azu “rvdkbl;/ igwdk@axmifrSm&Sdw,f/ wdkufeJ@rif;wdk@ qufoG,fp&m ta=umif;r&Sdbl;? axmifxJrS udk,fta=umif;yJ udk,fajym/ axmifxJrSm usaemfqdkwmyJ&Sdw,f/ usaemfwdk@qdkwmr&Sdbl;/ igwdk@u rwpfaxmifom;awGudk tkyfcsKyfae&wm tukefvHk; vdkufrvkyfay;Edkifbl;” vdk@ajym+yD; xGufoGm;ygw,f? olwdk@awGrSm aq;awG&Sd&ifvJ r&Sdbl;qdk+yD; a&m*g tajctae qdk;&Gm; vmatmif xm;rSm aocsmygw,f? bbOD;pdef0if;[m rqvvufxufwkef;u wpfoufwpfusGef; axmif'%feJ@ udkudk;usGef;udk ydk@cH&wJh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;orm;}uD; wpfOD;jzpf+yD; usGef;zsuffodrf;a&; touftaocH qEMjywdkufyGJ0ifcJhwJh &J&Jawmuf yk*~Kdvf}uD;vnf; jzpfygw,f? 'Dvdk &J&Jawmuf owWd&Sd+yD;

tpOftvm}uD;wJh olawGudk e0wu tpDtpOf&Sd&Sd udk,fcsif;pmw&m; uif;rJhpGmeJ@ owfypfcJhwm usaemfh taeeJ@ ar@vdk@r&EdkifcJhygbl;? tJ'DtxJrSm vlowfw&m;cHawGjzpfwJh olawGxJu eHygwfwpf w&m;cHjzpfwJh axmifq&m0ef pdk;=unf udkawmh usaemfydkvdk@ arhr&EdkifcJhyg? 'gayr,fh axmifq&m0ef a'gufwmpdk;=unf wpfa,muf usaemfo&ufaxmif ajymif;a&$Œ cH&+yD;aemufrSm 0ÉfvnfoGm;wJh owif;udk odvdkuf&ygw,f? usaemfwdk@ EdkifiHa&;tusOf;orm;awG o&ufaxmifudk ajymif;a&$ŒcH&+yD; 1992 ckESpfxJrSm jzpfygvdrf@r,f? e0w axmufvSrfa&;awGu e0w ywWjrm;tr_udpPudk wdkuf&dkufudkifwG,f ppfaq;aewJh e0w ywWjrm;t&_yfawmfyHk aejynfawmfoef;xGef;&Jh rdef;rjzpfoludk usef;rma&; ta=umif;jycsufeJ@ axmifu!GefrSL;awG/ axmifydkifeJ@q&m0efwdk@ tcsif;csif; pnf;0g;udkuf+yD; aq;axmufcHcsufawG jyKvkyfay;+yD; tif;pdeftjyif aq;&Hkudkxkwfay;vdkufygw,f? aejynfawmfoef;xGef;&Jh rdef;ruvnf; cyfuJuJrdk@ aZmif;xJu v$wfvdkufwJhjrif;tvm; vufxJrSm&SdwJh aiGudk vrf;cif;+yD; tjyifutapmifh&Jhudk vmbfxdk;/ rEWav;xd ujrif;a=um oGm;xyg awmhw,f? tJ'DtcgrSm rEWav;u axmufvSrf;a&;u teH@&oGm+yD; pHkprf;ppfaq;awmh tr_[m =uD;us,f oGm;+yD; 'DtD;(DE)r0ifawmhyJ axmufvSrf;a&;u cyf=urf;=urf; &Sif;ygawmhw,f? tJ'DrSm &efukefwdkif; axmiftkyfpk!Gefr_; 'kwd,Adkvfr_;}uD; (,ck-+idrf;) cifarmifvwf wpfa,muf axmif(6)v usoGm;ygw,f? cifarmifvwf[m axmif0wfpHktjzL (yHkpH0wfpHk) 0wf+yD; txl;wdkufrSm ae&ygw,f? wpfcsdefwkef;u olvm&if tusOf;om;awGtm;vHk;u ol@udk yHkpHt&dktao ay;wmudk tay:pD; uae =unfhoGm;&wJhppfzdeyf0wf vl}uD;wpfa,muf[m tckqdk olwdk@tcsif;csif; tpmta0 rwnfhr_awG a}umifh wdkuftwGif; yHkpHkxdkif acgif;iHk@ae&ygawmhw,f? aemufqufwGJtr_onf axmifydkiftkef;az wpfa,muf uawmh &Jbufudk ajymif;a&$ŒcH&+yD; AdkvfrSL;omOD; qdkola&mufvmygw,f? 'Dtr_wGJxJrSm wpfpdwfwpf0rf; wnf; }uH&mygvlowfaumif q&m0ef a'gufwmpdk;=unfudkawmh e,faxmifwpfck udkajymif;a&$Œvdkufygw,f? 'DawmhrS pdk;=unfvnf; &Suf&SufeJ@ tvkyfuxGuf+yD; tckawmh ykZGefawmif+rdK@e,frSm aexdkif+yD; aq;cef;zGifhxm;w,fvdk@ odygw,f? ol@owif;udk=um;awmh 'Daumif}uD; 0Éfvnf+yDqdk+yD; axmifwGif;rSm ol@a=umifh raoqHk;oifhyJ aoqHk;cJh&wJh EdkifiHa&;orm;}uD;awG twGuf auseyfoGm;cJhw,f? aemufawmh oHa0*yg &rdygw,f? vlowfaumif q&m0efpdk;=unfwpfa,muf jzpfwJh ysufwwfwJh avmu"He,fxJu b,fvdkrS &kef;rxGufEdkifawmhwJh om;aumifav;wpfaumif yrmygyJ?

tcef;(8) (u) tdwfcsftdkifADGa&m*gydk;ysHŒESH@ aeyHk axmiftwGif; tdwfcsftdkifAGDa&m*gydk;awG ysHŒESH@+yD; attdkif'Dtufa&m*g jzpfyGm;&wJh tajccH ta=umif;&if;awGudk ajymcsifygw,f? a&SSŒydkif;rSm wifjycJhovdk axmiftwGif; tusOf;om;tcsif;csif; t"rRvdifwl qufqHr_awGa=umifh 'Da&m*gul;pufr_awG &Sdaeovdk axmifaq;&HkrSm yHkrSeftoHk;jyKaewJh aq;xdk;tyfuae wqifh ul;pufr_awG 'keJ@a';&Sdaeygw,f? axmiftwGif; aexdkif&mrSm roef@&Sif;r_awG tajr‡muftrsm; &Sdaevdk@ usaemf udk,fwdkif ,m;emawG aygufcJhygao;w,f? ,m;emawGaysmufzdk@ tdrfuae+yD; aq;awGrSm&ygw,f? tJ'D rSmxm;wJhaq;awG (txl;ojzifh yife,fqvifaq;) eJ@ aq;&Hku rdk;a&eJ@a&m+yD; wpf&ufwpfcgrSefrSef oGm;xdk;&ygw,f? tif;pdefaxmifrSm nae(5)em&Dqdk&if taqmif(5)u tusOf;om;awGwef;pD+yD; axmifaq;&Hkudk jyzdk@ oGm;&ygw,f? aq;&Hku q&m0efawGuawmh vlemawGudk=unfh+yD; bmpydk&dk/ 'grSr[kwf wufzufpmzm aq;uvGJ+yD; usefwJhaq; bmrSray;ygbl;? aq;xdk;zdk@ vdkwJholawG/ ,m;emaygufaewJholawG/ ul;pufa&m*g&SdaewJh olawGtm; vHk;udk aq;xdk;zdk@wef;pD xm;cdkif;ygw,f? yxrOD;qHk; a&aEG;eJ@ jyKwfxm;wJh tdk;xJu aq;xdk;tyfudk ,lvdkuf+yD; aq;xdk;rJ@zefacsmif;rSm wyfygw,f? +yD;rSaq;ykvif;xJu aq;&nfawGudkpkyf,l/ tyfudkzefacsmif;uae jyefjzKwfvdkufygw,f? jzKwfvdkufwJhtyfudk vufacsmif;rsm;=um;rSm !Syfvdkuf+yD;aq; xdk;cH&r,fhol&Jh wifyg;udk wpfcsufESpfcsuf&dkufygw,f? 'Dvdk&dkuf+yD; vufrSm!Syfxm;wJhtyfudk wifyg;ay:udk pdkuf+yD;&dkufcsvdkufygw,f? wifyg;xJ tyfa&mufoGm;+yD;qdkrS aq;xdk;wH zef¹yGefacsmif;udktyfeJ@ wyf+yD; owfrSwfxm;wJh twdkif;twmeJ@ aq;xdk;ygw,f? wpfa,muf+yD;&if wifyg;utyfudkjzKwf 'Dtwdkif;yJ tjcm;wpfa,mufudk ac:+yD; yxrenf;wl tyfeJ@pdkuf/ zef¹yGefwyf/ aq;xdk;csygw,f? aq;xdk;tyf wpfacsmif;wnf;eJ@ vlaygif;rsm;pGmudk zefacsmif;xJu aq;&nfrukefrcsif; xyfwvJvJ xdk;ygw,f? 'Dvdkaq;xdk;r_rsdK;udk axmiftwGif; ae@pOfvdkvdk jyKvkyfaqmif&Gufygw,f? usaemfvnf; txufyg enf;vrf;awGtwdkif; aq;xdk;cHcJh&zl;+yD; wpfOD;eJ@wpfOD; a&m*gydk;ul;pufr_ tjzpfrsm;qHk; jzpfEdkifwJhenf; jzpfygw,f? usaemfwdk@udk aq;xdk;ay;wJh olawGuvnf; axmifu q&m0efwdk@/ aq;rSL;wdk@r[kwf=uyJ bdef;jzLr_eJ@ axmifusvmwJh yk'fr14(C)tusOf;om;awG jzpfygw,f? (aq;xdk;wJhtcgrSm rl;,pfaq;oHk;pGJr_eJ@ axmifus vmolawGuom aq;xdk;ay;&wJh ta=umif;&if;uawmh axmif0efxrf;awG/ aq;rSL;awG/ q&m0efawG ta=umaq;xdk;wJhtcgrSm tyfeJ@(3)}udrf/ (4)}udrfavmuf ta=um&Smvdk@ cH&wJhvlemrSm tifrwefudk emusif&ygw,f? 'ga=umifh aq;xdk;wJhtcgrSm vufrwkefyJ nifnifomom xdk;ay;ae=uwJh bdef;pm; yk'fr14(C)awGuom aq;xdk;ay;avh&Sdygw,f? ) aemufxyf a&m*gul;pufEdkifwJh enf;wpfckuawmh axmifxJudk a&mufvmwJholrSefor# jyKvkyfae=uavh&SdwJh aq;rSifa=umifxdk;wJh udpPygyJ? axmifxJrSm axmifusvmolrsm;u olwdk@&JhcE<mukd,fay:rSm trSwfw&taeeJ@ &ufpGJwdk@/ ckESpfouU&mZfwdk@/ &kyfyHktvSwdk@udk a&;xdk;avh&Sdygw,f? tJ'Dvdk aq;rSifa=umif xdk;wJhtcgrSm axmifwGif;u awG@&m oHcsGef/ oHwdk/ oHacsmif;av;awGeJ@ pkwfwHtjzpf toHk;jyK+yD; aq;rSifa=umif xdk;ygw,f? 'DvdkjyKr_wm[m axmifwGif; rqef;vSwJh udpPjzpfygw,f? tusOf;om;awG tJ'Dvdk pkwfxdk;xm;wmudk axmif0efxrf;awG awG@&if t"rRcsKyf+yD; zsufjypfygw,f? tup 0efxrf; awmfawmfrsm;rsm;u

tusOf;om;awG wrifwum tom;ematmif zsufwJhtcgrSmvnf; trJuGuf}uD;jzpfatmif jyKvkyfavh&Sdygw,f? &efukefwdkif; tajccHausmif;om;or*~uae axmifusvmwJh ausmif;om;acgif;aqmif wpfa,mufjzpfwJh &JawZ qdk&if ol@&Jhvufarmif;rSm tup0efxrf;awGu tom;ematmif wrifjyKvkyf xm;wJh '%f&m'%fcsufawG &Sdygw,f? tdwftdkifADGa&m*gydk; ul;pufEdkifwJh aemufxyf wpfenf;uawmh axmifxJudk a&muf&SdvmwJh &mZ0wfr_tusOf;orm;awG awmfawmfjyKvkyfavh&SdwJh udpPuawmh vdifwefqmxJudk zefptvHk;rsm; xnfhoGif;wJhudpP jzpfygw,f? 'gudk a*:vDxnfhw,fvdk@ ac:a0:=uygw,f? wefqmtwGif;udkxnfhwJh zefvHk;awGudk axmiftwGif; acsmif;}udKacsmif;=um;u&wJh zefuGJpawGudk wrHwvif;eJ@ yGwfwdkuf+yD; a*:vDvHk; tao;pm; t&G,fav;xd&atmif yGwfwdkufaoG;,lygw,f? vdkcsifwJhyrm% t&G,ftpm; &vmwJhtcg vdifwHwefqm&Jh tay:,Hta&jym;udk b&dwf"g;eJ@ cGJcsvdkufygw,f? +yD;rS uGJ[oGm;wJh ta&jym;xJudk toifhaoG;+yD;om; zefa*:vDav;awGudk xnfhoGif;+yD; bmumuG,faq;rS rxnfhyJ 'Dtwdkif; xm;vdkufygw,f? 'Dtwdkif; temusufoGm;olawG&Sdovdk/ tem&if;+yD; ar;cdkifydk; 0ifoGm;olrsm;udkvnf; awG@&ygw,f? ta&jym;cGJwJhae&mrSm toHk;jyKwJh b&dwf"g;udkvnf; toHk;rjyKcif t&ufjyefokwf vdrf;jcif;vHk;0r&SdyJ tJ'D"g;eJ@ wpfa,mufwpfvSnfh toHk;jyK=uygw,f? 'Dvdk a*:vDudk usGrf;usGrf;usifusif xnfhay;wJholudk tzdk;tctjzpf aq;vdyf(10) vdyf 'grSr[kwf(15)vdyfcef@ avmufay;ygw,f? 'Dvdk vdifwefqmxJ zefa*:vDvHk;xnfhoGif;wm[m trsdK;orD;rsm; eJ@ vdifqufqHwJhtcg vdift&omydkrdk aumif;rGefpGmcHpm;Edkifzdk@ jzpfw,fvdk@ od&ygw,f? axmif0efxrf; rsm;[m axmiftusOf;om;xJu tdwfcsftdkifADG a&m*g&Sdw,fvdk@ oHo,&SdolawGudk tcef;wpfcef;wnf;rSm pkpnf;+yD; xm;&Sdygw,f? axmifxJa&muf+yD;rS tdwfcsftdkifADGa&m*g ul;pufcHvdkuf&w,fvdk@ oHo,&SdcHcJh&wJh t&ifwkef;u usaemfeJ@ &if;ESD;cJhzl;wJ@ olwpfa,mufudkvnf; axmif0efxrf;awGu tdwfcsftdkifADG a&m*gydk; &Sdw,fvdk@ pm&if;oGif;cH&+yD; a&m*gydk;&SdwJholawGaewJh tcef;xJudk ydk@vdkufygw,f? tJ'Da&m*gydk;&SdwJh tcef;xJu vlawGrSm tdwfcsftdkifADDGa&m*gydk; trSefwu,f &Sdw,f/ r&Sdbl;qdkwm cGJjcm;Edkifzdk@ cufcJygw,f? bmjzpfvdk@vnf;qdkawmh tJ'DvlawGudk 0efxrf;awGu aocsmcdkifrmwJ@ aq;ppfr_awG rjyKvkyfcJh=uvdkyJ jzpfygw,f? (c) &efukef+rdK@&Jh bdef;pcef; tif;pdefaxmiftwGif; r_;,pfaq;0g; tajctaeawGxJu usaemfodoavmuf tenf;i,f ajymjyvdkygw,f? axmifxJrSm rl;,pfaq;0g;&&Sdzdk@ tifrwefrS vG,fulvSygw,f? tif;pdefaxmif}uD;[m &efukef+rdK@ bdef;pcef;wpfckvdk@ ajym&ifrrSm;ygbl;? bdef;jzLudk axmiftwGif; tvG,fwul &&SdEdkif+yD; w&m;0if oHk;pGJcGifh jyKxm;ovm; atmufarh&atmif rl;,pfaq;oHk;pGJr_ aygrsm;vSygw,f? tif;pdefaxmiftwGif;udk bdef;jzLawG/ tjcm;r_;,pfaq;0g;awG a&muf&SdvmwJh yHkpHtrsdK;rsdK;&Sdygw,f? wpfrsdK;u tcsKyfaqmifuae+yD; &efukef+rdK@ vnfacgifxJudk w&m;&Hk;xGufwJh vlawGuae wqifh a&muf&Sd Edkifygw,f? aemufwpfrsdk;uawmh axmif0efxrf;awGu wqifhaxmifwGif;odk@ oGif;,lwJhenf;eJ@ a&muf&Sd Edkifygw,f? tJ'DtxJu wpfrsdK;xl;jcm;wJh enf;uawmh axmif0efxrf;[m olwm0efuswJhtcsdef axmifwGif;udk 0ifwJhtcgrSm ol@cE<mudk,frSm wygwnf; ,laqmifvmygw,f? +yD;awmh axmifxJrSm aq;wefzdk; owfrSwf+yD; a&mif;cswJhenf; jzpfygw,f? aemufwpfcku axmifAl;0rSm ppfaq;r_=uyfwnf;wJhtcg (wvmpDwJhtcg) axmifeJ&HaxmifhawG&Jh tay:&Sd vifhpif(uif;pOf)rSm&SdwJh 0efxrf;eJ@ axmifwGif;u 0efxrf; tcsif;csif; em;vnfr_,l+yD; uif;pOfay:uae }udK;eJ@csay;wJh enf;vnf;&Sdygw,f? tcsKyfxGuf tcsKyfom;awG ,lvmyHkuawmh +rdK@xJudk&Hk;xGufwJhtcgrSm &Japmifha&SmufwJh &Jpcef;xJrSm rl;,pfaq;0g;awGudk yvyfpwpfawGeJ@ txyfxyfywf+yD; tcsKyfcef;xJrSmyJ yg;pyfxJ +rdKcsvdkufygw,f? tJ'Dtwdkif;

AdkufxJrSmxnfh+yD; axmifxJudk oGif;,lvmygw,f? axmifxJa&muf+yD; aemufwpfae@ tdrfomwufwJh tcgusrS rae@u +rdKcsxm;cJhwJh bdef;jzLxkyfudk rpifyHkxJuae jyef&Sm,lygw,f? +yD;rS yvwfpwpfudkjznf+yD; bdef;jzLr_ef@udk aq;vdyfxJ xnfhoGif; toHk;jyK=uygw,f? tJ'Denf;twdkif; tcsdK@tusOf;om;awGu ydkufqHudk txkyfjyKvkyf+yD; oGif;ygw,f? yvufpwpfeJ@ oGif;,lwJhtcgrSm bdef;jzLudkywfxm;wJh yvufpwpfu yg;v$mcJh&if tpmtdrftwGif; tdwfayguf+yD; bdef;jzLrsm; cE<mudk,fwpfckvHk; ysHŒESH@oGm;ygawmhw,f? bdef;jzLawG tqrwef cE<mudk,fxJ ysHŒESH@ygu aovkarsmyg;cHpm;&+yD; csufcsif;vufiif; toufaysmufoGm;olawGvnf; &Sdygw,f? wpfcsdKŒuawmh 0rf;AdkuftwGif; +rdKrcsyJ ptdk0twGif;rSm xnfh+yD; o,faqmifwwfygw,f? 'gayr,fh tJ'Denf;u pdwfcs&r_ enf;yg;wma=umifh odyftoHk;rjyK=uygbl;? bmjzpfvdk@vnf;qdkawmh 'Denf;vrf;udk axmif0efxrf;awG awmfawmfrsm;rsm;u od&Sd=u+yD; tcsKyfuaetjyef axmift0if wvmpDwJhtcg atmufudkukefk;cdkif;+yD; ptdk0xJudk vuf!d_;xdk; &SmazGum zrf;qD;avh &Sdaoma=umifh jzpfygw,f? 'gayr,fh 'guvnf; &Hzef&HcgrSom jyKvkyfwwfwm jzpfygw,f? 'Dae&mrSm usaemfudk,fawG@ }uHK&wJh tjzpftysufav;wpfckudk ajymjyygr,f? tif;pdefaxmifudk aq;rSL;tjzpf udkxGef;xGef;OD; qdkolwpfa,muf axmif'%f ESpf&Snfusvmygw,f? usaemfwdk@taqmifu axmifr_;OD;pdk;OD;&Jh pma&;oabmrsdK; vkyfudkif&vdk@ usaemfwdk@ taqmif(3)rSm enf;enf;ta&;yg t&ma&mufygw,f? wpfae@rSm udkxGef;xGef;OD;[m taqmifrSm axmifr_;r&Sdcdkuf ESmacgif;xJudk bdef;jzLr_ef@ ±_oGif;ygw,f? ol±_±_dufaewkef; usaemfwdk@ rsufpda&SŒrSmwif &kwfw&uf vJusoGm;ygw,f? r=umcif ta=umif;=um;vdkufvdk@ owdvpfar@arsmaewJh udkxGef;xGef;OD;udk axmifaq;&Hku aq;rSL;u aq;&Hkudk csufcsif; ac:aqmifoGm;ygw,f? aq;&Hkudka&mufawmh udkxGef;xGef;OD;wpfa,muf toufr&Sdawmhwm awG@&ygw,f? bdef;jzLorm;tcsif;csif; ajymqdkcsufawGt& ±_oGif;vdkufwJh tr_ef@awG[m bdef;jzLtppf r[kwfvdk@ udkxGef;xGef;OD; wpfa,muf touf±_vrf;a=umif;ydwf+yD; aooGm;wmjzpfw,fvdk@ od&ygw,f? bdef;jzLtppfqdk&if ±_±_dufvdkuf&HkeJ@ aoG;a=umxJrSmcsufcsif; t&nfaysmfoGm;wwf+yD; tppfr[kwfygu av¹yGefxJrSm tcJjzpfoGm;+yD; touf±_vrf;a=umif; ydwfqdk@+yD; aoEdkifa=umif; odvdkuf&ygw,f? udkxGef;xGef;OD; aoqHk;wJhtr_udk axmiftwGif;&Sd axmifr_; axmifydkifwdk@u axmifq&m0efeJ@ wdkifyif+yD; aq;aomufrSm;vdk@ aoqHk;wmjzpfa=umif; &Jvuftyf+yD; vdrfvnftr_zGifhcJhygw,f? wu,fvdk@ jzpf&yfrSeftwdkif; &Jvuftyf+yD; tr_zGifhcJhygu ar;cGef;awG tajrmuftrsm; xGufvmrSmjzpfygw,f? udkxGef;xGef;OD;oHk;pGJaom rl;,pfaq; b,fu&ovJ/ axmifwGif;udk rl;,pfaq; b,fol,laqmifvmovJ? axmifxJrSm rl;,pfaq;oHk;zdk@ vHk+cHKaom ae&mawG&Sdvm;? axmifrSL;awG bmvkyfaevJ? axmifydkifu ppfaq;r_awG jyKvkyfwJhtcgrSm avsmhenf;aevm;? 'Dar;cGef;awG &ifqdkifvdkufygu axmifrSm&SdwJh tup 0efxrf;awGtm;vHk; tvkyfjyKwf/ jy\emaygif; aomif;ajcmufaxmifawG ay:xGuf/ 'DtD;(DE)qdkwJh ppfaq;r_0if/ 'DvdkudpPrsdK;awGudk &ifqdkifzdk@ axmif0efxrf;awGtm;vHk; wpfnDwpf!$wfwnf; vufa&Smif vdkuf=uygw,f? axmiftwGif; trSefwu,fjzpfysufcJhwJh jzpf&yfav;jzpfygw,f? bdef;r_/ rl;,pfaq;r_awGeJ@ axmifusvmwJholawGudk “ bp ”vdk@ ac:a0:=u+yD; axmifxJa&mufvmwJh bpawGxJrSmvnf; pDeD,m/ *sLeD,m qsdk+yD;cGJjcm; owfrSwfxm;wmvnf; &Sdygw,f? 'gudk olwdk@ bp tcsif;csif; owfrSwfcsuf jzpfygw,f? olwdk@tcsif;csif; tqif howfrSwfwJhyHkpHu bdef;jzLudk b,fwkef;u poHk;wmvnf; tay:rSm tajccHygw,f? 1988 ckESpf a&SŒydkif;rSm bdef;jzLpoHk;wJholudk 1988 ckESpfaemufydkif;rS bdef;jzLpoHk;wJholu av;pm;or_ jyK&ygw,f? 1988 ckESpf a&SŒydkif;uwnf;u bdef;jzLpoHk;wJh bp awG[m tJ'Dtcsdefumvu bdef;jzLoHk;pGJwJhtcgrSm &SmazG&cufcJjcif;/ aps;}uD;jcif;eJ@ bdef;wefzdk; jrifhrm;aejcif;jzpfaewJh tcsdeftcgrdk@ ydkufqHaiGa=u; wwfEdkifwJhtjyif bdef;jzLudk trSefwu,f oHk;pGJolawGjzpfwJh bdef;pm;rsdk;yg

1988 ckESpf aemufydkif;rSm bdef;jzLpoHk;wJholuawmh bdef;jzLqdkwm ae&mwumrSm vG,fvifhwul ae&mwdkif;&Edkifjcif;/ bdef;jzLaps; odwfrjrifhrm;jcif;/ bdef;jzLaygrsm;jcif;&SdwJhumvrdk@ bdef;jzLaygrS pm;wJh bdef;pm;rsdK;qdk+yD; cGJjcm;xm;wmjzpfygw,f? rl;,pfaq;0g;udk q&mtqifhtxd oHk;pGJwJhyk*~dKvfawG txd axmifxJrSm &/Sdygw,f?

tcef;(9) (u) uGufpdyfq&m r[mbkwf tif;pdefaxmifqdkwm[m tkwfeH&Hav;zufav;wef ydwfumxm;wJh ae&ma'o}uD; wpfckjzpfayr,fh tJ'DeH&Hav;zuf=um;rSmyJ owif;awGrsdK;pHk jyef@ESH@aewwfygw,f? axmifwGif;ysHŒESH@aew,fwJh owif;awG[m udk;q,f&mcdkifE_ef;avmuf rrSefwmrsm;ygw,f? axmifuae vGwfwJhowif;/ EdkifiHa&;owif;/ tjyifzufu owif;rsdK;pHkudk wpdwfudk wpftdwfvkyf+yD; ajym=uygw,f? axmifxJrSmtywfpOf axmifuae vGwfwJhowif;uawmh tusOf;om;awG=um; a&yef;pm;wJh owif;tjzpf xdyfwef;rSm t+rJae&m,lwwfygw,f? jynfaxmifpkae@/ vGwfvyfa&;ae@vdk ae@rsdK;awGrSm vGwf+idrf;cGifhudk apmifhpm;wwf=uygw,f? wpf}udrf bdkuav;+rdK@rSm wdkufyGJjzpfoGm;wJhowif;[m em&Dydkif;twGif; axmifxJrSm ysHŒESH@oGm;ygw,f? owif;[m wjznf;jznf;um;vm+yD; r=umcifrSmyJ &efukefudk 0ifodrf;awmh rvdkvdk aumv[mvawG jzpfay:vmygao;w,f? axmifxJrSm &wJhowif;wpfyk'fudk tajccH+yD; wpfa,mufeJ@wpfa,muf pdwfajyvufaysmuf aemufwwf=uygw,f? “a[h/ =um;+yD;+yD;vm;” “bmvJuG” “zsmyHkudk odrf;vdkuf+yDwJh” “'Dae@vm;” “at;/ ae@cif;uyJodrf; vdkufwm” “b,folawGOD;aqmif+yD; odrf;vdkufwmvJ” “ (1) cef; tcef;oef@u OD;aZmwduwdk@av” “0g; . . . [m; . . . [m; ” “ [m . . . 'DaumifawGawmfawmf ±_wfwJhaumifawG ” axmifxJudk enf;vrf;aygif;pHkeJ@ a&mufvmwJh owif;awG tay: trsdK;rsdK;aqG;aEG;=u/ jiif;cHk=ueJh aysmf&$ifr_awG zefwD;&ygw,f? pae/ we*FaEGvdkae@rsdK;qdk&if tvkyfawG tm;vHk;em;& ygw,f? tJ'Dvdk tvkyfem;+yD;qdk&if taqmifawGrSm vlawG jynfhESufaewwfygw,f? tJ'DrSm xl;jcm;wmu ydwf&ufrsdK;awGrSm taqmif(3)&Jh rdv†muefzufrSm tusOf;om;awGpk+yHK+yD; xdkifaewwfwmudk awG@&ygw,f? eHapmfnpfywfvSwJh rdv†muefem;rSm 'DavmufvlawG trsm;}uD; bma=umif hoGm;xdkifae&wmvJvdk@ ar;p&m&Sdygw,f? tusOf;om;awG tajrmuftrsm; rdv†muefudk vm+yD; vmxdkifatmif xdef;xm;wJh yk*d~Kvfausmfuawmh “r[mbkwf” vdk@ac:wJh &mZ0wftusOf;om;wpfOD; jzpfygw,f? r[mbkwf[m 0wWKZmwfvrf;awGudk tusOf;om;awG tysif;ajyatmif ajymwwf+yD; bmomjyefodkif;0wWKawG tukefvHk; eD;yg; +rdKcsxm;ovm; atmufarh&atmif Zmwfvrf;ajymaumif;ol wpfa,muf jzpfygw,f? r[mbkwf wpfa,muf rdv†muefabmifay:wuf+yD; yHkajym+yD;qdk&if tusOf;om;awGtm;vHk; atmufuae yg;pyfta[mif;om;av;awGeJ@ jzpfoGm;wwfygw,f? eHapmfaewJh rdv†muef}uD;ab;rSm tusOf;om;awG tm;vHk;eD;yg; tyfoHr=um;&avmufatmif wdwfqdwfae+yD; r[mbkwf ajymjywJh Zmwfvrf;yrmudk em;aomwqif=uygw,f?

vltkyfu wjznf;jznf;rsm;vmvdk@ vlpkcGJzdk@a&mufvmwJh pnf;urf;xdef; oef;atmifudk,fwdkif r[mbkwf&Jh ava=umxJ arsm0ifoGm;+yD; olygvltkyfxJ 0ifem;axmif&atmif r[mbkwfu yHkajymaumif; vSygw,f? r[mbkwfu ZmwfxkyfawG wpfckeJ@wpfck rxyfatmif/ trsm;pdwf0ifpm;atmif trlt&mawGeJ@ ajymwwfygw,f? olyHkajym&if pm;zdk@twGufvnf; vmem;axmifwJh olawGu uGrf;,mav;awG tqifoifh 0,fay;xm;&ygw,f? uGrf;,mudk w+rHK@+rHK@0g;&if; Zwfvrf;yrmav;awGudk [efyeftrlt,m trsdK;rsdK;eJ@ o&kyfaqmif+yD; ajymjywJh r[mbkwfudk axmifxJu tusOf;om;awGwif pdwf0ifwpm; em;axmifwm r[kwfygbl;? axmifr_;OD;pdk;OD;udk,fwdkif uGrf;,mwpfxkyfeJ@ r[mbkwfudkyifh+yD; ol@&Hk;cef;xJac:+yD; a[majymcdkif;&wJhtxd r[mbkwf[m axmifxJrSm ajymaumif;wJh uGufpdyfq&m}uD;wpfqlygyJ? olajymjywwfwJh Zmwfxkyf wpfxkyf[m &kyf&Sifum;wpfum; eD;yg;pm (2)em&D/ (3)em&Davmuf =umatmif tuGufpdyfpdyf ajymEdkifygw,f? olajymwJh Zmwfxkwf+yD;+yD;qdk&if vmem;axmifwJh vltkyf}uD;awG ol@ae&mol jyef=uwm &kyf&Sifu&Hkcg+yD; v$wfvdkufovm; atmif;ar@&ygw,f? (c) axmiftwGif; bk&m;wnf axmifxJrSm axmifvHk+cHKa&;udk umuG,fwJh owif;rsdK;ay;wm/ rdv†musHK;wJh tvkyfrsdK;vkyfwm/ nzufuif;apmifh&wJh bm,mtvkyfrsdK; vkyfwmawGudk axmifxJrSm txl;av#mh&uf ay;ygw,f? (3)bdk@(1)bdk@ udkufygw,f? t"dy`g,fuawmh axmif(3)ESpfus vmwJholu (1)ESpfavsmh&ufwmudkqdkvdkygw,f? axmifxJrSma¹rGt&Sif zrf;rdvdk@ &Hk;wif&ifvnf; avsmh&ufcHpm;cGifh&wwfygw,f? 'ga=umifh tvkyf}uD;eJ@ awmif,mzufrSm tusOf;om;awGu a¹rGvdkufzrf;=uvdk@ axmifxJrSm a¹rGeJ@wlwJh owW0g wpfaumifrS r&Sdygbl;? usaemfwdk@(3)aqmif&Jh taemufzufrSm o&ufyif anmifyifawG&hJatmufrSm bk&m;0if; qdkwm&Sdygw,f? bk&m;0if;wGif;u bk&m;&kyfyGm;awmfyHkawGu &$HŒeJ@xkvkyfxm;&wmrdk@/ rdk;'%f/ av'%f awGa=umifh ysufpD;ukef=uygw,f? usaemfwdk@ taqmif&Jhaxmifr_; OD;pdk;OD;udk t&ifwkef;u tusOf;om;awGu “ysm;”vdk@ uifyGef;wyf=uygw,f? ysm;qdkwm wkyfwwfwJh oabm&Sdovdk/ OD;pdk;OD;[mvnf; 5(n)awGtay: jy\em&Sm &dkufwwfvGef;wma=umifh jzpfygw,f? OD;pdk;OD;qdkwm5(n)awGeJ@ yufouf+yD; wpf}udrf jy\emwufzl;ygw,f? aemufydkif; olu usaemfwdk@5(n)awGtay: em;vnfr_ &oGm;wmvm;/ tjrifrSef &oGm;wmvm; rajymwwfyg? usaemfwdk@5(n)awGeJ@ ywfouf+yD; tqifajyajy qufqHvmygw,f? axmifrSm5(n)awGeJ@ axmifr_;wdkif; tqifrajy jzpf=uwmu xHk;pHvdkjzpfaeayr,fh OD;pdk;OD;uawmh 5(n)awGeJ@ twlwl jcif;vHk;cwfygw,f? awmif,mxJrSmvnf; oludk,fwdkif cg;awmifusdKuf+yD; 5(n)awGeJ@ twlwltvkyfvkyf ygw,f? awmif,muxGufwJh oD;ESHawGudk oludk,fwdkif ukvm;yJ[if;eJ@ a&maESmcsufjyKwf+yD; tusOf;om;wdkif;udk tqifajyovdk a0iSay;ygw,f? 'ga=umifh usaemfwdk@ taqmif(3)udk 'Drdkua&pDaqmif qdk+yD; wpfcsdK@u ac:a0:ygw,f? usaemfwddk@ taqmifrSm 'Dvdkjzpfaewmudk tjcm;taqmifu axmifr_;awGu rauseyf=uygbl;? axmifr_;OD;pdk;OD;[m EdkifiHa&;yk'fr 5(n)eJ@ usvmwJoHCmawmfawG/ q&mawmf}uD;awGudk *&kwpdkuf qufqHygw,f? q&mawmf}uD;awGudk yHkpH0wfpHkay;jcif;/ q&mawmf}uD;rsm;eJ@ w&m;"rRaqG;aEG;jcif;/ w&m;pmtkyfawGudk zwf±_ŒcGifhay;jcif;awG vkyfay;ygw,f? OD;pdk;OD;tkyfcsKyfwJh usaemfwdk@ taqmifrSm jy\em }uD;}uD;us,fus,fwufwmawG r&SdoavmufygyJ?

jy\emwuf&ifvnf; awmf&Hkwef&Hk tr_ao;av;awGudk ol@&Hk;cef;xJrSm +yD;apygw,f? tjcm; taqmifawGrSm vlowfr_awG tajrmuftrsm; &SdaecsdefrSm usaemfwdk@taqmifu &mZ0wform;awG acgif;axmif rx&J=uygbl;? 'Dvdkaxmifr_;eJ@ tqifajyajyae&csdefrSm usaemfwdk@5(n)awGudk em;vnfr_&Sd vmwJh OD;pdk;OD;[m usaemfwdk@eJ@ =um=umrcdkif+rJcJhygblk;? 5(n)awGpnf;&Hk;a&;aumif; wma=umifhvm;/ bmvm;rajymwufyg? axmifr_;OD;pdk;OD;[m tvkyfuae xGufpmwif+yD; tusOf;OD;pD;Xme&Jh 0efxrf;b0u t+yD;tydkif xGufoGm; ygawmhw,f? olaxmifr_;b0 rE_wfxGufcif axmifwGif;aumif;r_ukodkvf wpfckudk usaemfwdk@5(n)awGeJ@ jyKvkyfcJh ygao;w,f? e0w&Jh aumif;r_a=umifh axmifxJudk a&muf&SdvmwJh OD;ausmfausmf ( e0w&Jh vuf&Sd'kwd, AdkvfcsKyf}uD; armifarmifcif&Jh a,mufzawmfpyfol) [m OD;pdk;OD;eJ@twl wdkifyif+yD; bk&m;qif;xkawmfwpfqludk axmifwGif;wnfxm;zdk@ jyKvkyfygw,f? OD;ausmfausmf[m touf(50)0ef;usifcef@&Sd+yD; OD;tkef;oef;wdk@eJ@ tr_wGJawGjzpfygw,f? OD;ausmfausmf[m OD;pdk;OD;eJ@twl ^m%fawmf(2)aycef@&SdwJh Ak'<&kyfyGm;awmf wpfqludk tjyifuaerSm,l+yD; usaemfwdk@taqmif(3)rSm wnfxm;udk;uG,fzdk@ axmifwGif;udk yifhaqmifzdk@ jyKvkyfygw,f? bk&m;ausmufqif;xk &kyfyGm;awmf pHy,fudef;0yfzdk@twGuf *ENmukÉDwdkufudk aqmufvkyfjcif;/ nm%fawmf(6)aycef@ &SdwJh apwDwpfqltm; a&$ouFef;uyfjcif;awGudk 5(n) EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm; aumif;r_ tjzpfjyKvkyfygw,f? r*~ifq&mawmf}uD; tr_;jyK+yD; ykZGefawmif+rdK@e,f a&$bkef;yGifhausmif;wdkufu q&mawmf}uD; rsm;jzpf=uwJh q&mawmfOD;pdwWeJ@ OD;jA[RmoD&dwdk@ (2)yg;eJ@ twl bk&m;taeuZmwifyGJeJ@ a&pufcs tcrf;tem;av;udk jyKvkyfcJh=uygw,f? tif;pdefaxmiftwGif;rSm bk&m;(3)ql &Sdygw,f? wpfqluawmh rdef;a*s;ausmif;wdkufay:rSm *VKefOD;apm wnfxm;cJhw,fvdk@ ajym=uwJh bk&m;wpfql /txl;wdkufcef;rsm;0if; twGif;&Sd bk&m;0if;rSm wpfqleJ@ trSwf(3)tdyfaqmifu 5(n)EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm; aumif;r_ wpfql wdk@jzpfygw,f? bk&m;0if;rSm oef@&Sif;a&;twGuf cef@xm;wJh bk&m;vl}uD;(3)a,muf &Sd+yD; olkwdk@uawmh armifouf/ a';Apfcsef;eJ@ OD;wkwf}uD;wdk@jzpfygw,f? tJ'DtxJu bk&m;vl}uD; OD;wkwf}uD;&Jhtr_u tqef;w=u,fawmh r[kwfayr,fh enf;enf;awmh tHh=ozdk@aumif;ygw,f? OD;wkwf}uD;[m ol&Jhr,m;uygvmwJh orD;udk tvdkwlvdifqufqH jyKusifhwmudk rdef;rjzpfolu ol@orD;udk t"rRrk'def;usifhygw,fvdk@ w&m;pGJqdkcJhvdk@ yk'fr(376)eJ @axmifusvmwm jzpfygw,f? bk&m;0if;em;rSm armifouf/ a';Apfcsef;eJ@ OD;wkwf}uD;wdk@ (3)a,mufudk axmifxJ rSm ,ifaumifawG rsm;vmvdk@ ESdrfeif;zdk@twGuf axmifr_;u wm0efay; ygw,f? ,ifaumifawGudk o&ufjym;awGcs / yvufpwpftdwfeJ@ axmifzrf;vm+yD; zrf;rd or# ,ifaumifawGudk pm&if;vkyf axmifr_;xH wifjy&ygw,f? aemufydkif;,ifaumif zrf;wmudk a&omcdkvm+yD; xrif;vHk;awGudk rD;aoG;okwf+yD;/ rae@uzrf;+yD; &Hk;cef;udkjyxm;+yD;om; ,ifaumifawGudkv$ifh rypfyJ jyefjywmuwzHk ae@wGufudkufzdk@ bk&m;vl}uD;(3)a,muf ukvm;zefxdk;=uygw,f? aemufydkif;axmifr_;u rouFmvdk@ ,ifaumifwpfaumifcsif; ppf=unfhawmh ,ifaumiftykwfawG/ acgif;jywfawG/ yk&Gufqdwfudkufxm;wJh taumifawG/ xrif;vHk;ukdzHkokwfxm;wJh [mawG tukefvHk;rdoGm;vdk@ bk&m;vl}uD;(3)a,muf ausmay: aAsmwifcH&ygawmhw,f? axmifxJrSm 'DvdkvlpHkwufpHk/ p&dkufrsdK;pHkudkvnf; awG@&ygao;w,f?

(*) a&'D,dk0,fay;rdvdk@ axmifusvmwm axmifxJrSmEdkifiHa&; yk'frawGeJ@ axmifusvmolawGxJrSm }uH}uHzefzef tr_wpfck ygvmwmudk }uHK&ygao;w,f? olluawmh r*Fvm'Hk +rdK@e,fu tajccHynm txufwef;ausmif;om; wpfa,mufjzpfwJh &Jabmfaomif;aiGqdkol jzpfygw,f? ol@tr_u EdkifiHawmftvHudk ao;eJ@yef;wJhtr_yg? &Jabmfaomif;aiG[m ol@ausmif;rSm&SdwJh EdkifiHawmftvHudk ao;eJ@yef;vdk@ yk'fr5(V)tr_wyf+yD; axmifusvmwmjzpfygw,f? ol@&Jhtr_wGJyk'frudk axmifyHkpHeHygwf}uD; a&;wJhtcgrSm axmif0efxrf;awG tcuf}uHK&ygw,f? “V”udkaxmifpma&;u ra&;wufvdk@ 'kuQa&muf&wmyg? 'ga=umifh tup 0efxrf;awGudk (4)wef;awmifatmifwJh taumifawG r[kwfbl;vdk@ajym&if olwdk@uyJ pdwfqdk;=uygao;w,f? e0w uawmh ol@tm%mudkxdyg;vmwJh olawGrSefor# rJrJjrif &efolvdk@owfrSwf+yD; tukefzrf;wma=umifh 1990ckESpf vlzrf;yGJ}uD;rSm bmrqdkif/ nmrqdkif/ bkrod/ brod axmifusvmolawG trsm;}uD;&Sdygw,f? tJ'DtxJu EdkifiHa&;qdkwm bmqdkbmrSem;rvnf/ rodyJ axmifusvmwJh olwpfa,mufta=umif; }uHKwkef;ajymjycsif ygao;w,f? ol@emrnfu OD;cspfxGef;vdk@ ac:+yD; tif;pdefaxmifudk axmif'%f(7)ESpfusvmwJh tusOf;om;wpfa,muf jzpfygw,f? olu OD;ausmfjr(BCP)eJ@ tr_wGJ+yD; axmifusvmwmjzpfygw,f? tr_wGJyHkuvnf; 'Dvdk&Sdygw,f? OD;ausmfjreJ@ OD;cspfxGef;[m tdrfeD;em;csif;awG jzpfwma=umifh cifrif&ifESD;aewJ@olawG jzpfygw,f? OD;cspfxGef;u v#ufppfeJ@ywfouf+yD; em;vnfwwfusGrf;wma=umifh OD;ausmfjru a&'D,dkaumif;aumif; vdkcsifvdk@ b,ftrsdK;tpm;/ b,fvdkyHk0,f&r,f qdkwmeJ@ ywfouf+yD; tultnD awmif;ygw,f? OD;ausmfjr vdkcsifwJh a&'D,dktrsdK;tpm;udk 0,fay;vdkufwma=umifh OD;cspfxGef;wpfa,muf bDpDyDeJ@ tr_wGJ+yD; axmifxJ a&mufcJhwmjzpfygw,f? tjcm;bmqdkbmrS taxmuftxm;r&SdyJ a&'D,dkwpfvHk; 0,fay;rdwmeJ@ axmif(7)ESpfcs&ovm; qdk+yD;OD;cspfxGef;crsm ,lusHK;r& jzpfaeygawmhw,f? oll[m OD;ausmfjreJ@ EdkifiHa&;uif;&Sif;a=umif; b,fvdkrS yufoufr_r&Sda=umif; ajymqdk+yD; t,lcHwifxm;vdk@ olr=umcifvGwfawmhrSm usdef;aow,fvdk@ pdwfxdcdkufr_eJ@ ajymavh&Sdygw,f? axmifxJrSmae&wm =umvmwJhtcgrSm ol@udk,fol rvGwfawmhbl;vdk@ wjznf;jznf; ,lqvm+yD; pdwf"mwfawGusqif;/ xrif;rpm;/ [if;rpm;eJ@ usef;rma&; xdcdkufvmygawmhw,f? pdwftm;i,f+yD; wjznf;jznf; csGwf,Gif;vmwJholudk tcsdKŒu tm;ay;zdk@aeae aemufajymif=uygw,f? “ODD;cspfxGef;/ axmifr_;&Hk;cef;uac:aew,f/ cifAsm;vGwf+yD/ t&yf0wfvJ+yD;oGm;” qdk+yD; aemufajymif=u&if OD;cspfxGef;crsm t[kwfrSwf+yD; &Sdor#ypPnf;av;awG xkyfydk;/ t&yf0wf vJum axmifr_;&Hk;cef;udk tarmwaum ajy;oGm;ygw,f? r[kwfrSef;vJodawmh ol@udkvGwfay;zdk@ wwGwfwGwf ajymqdkygawmhw,f? aemufqHk; ol@tcef;av;udk pdwfysuf tm;av#mhr_awGeJ@ jyefvmygw,f? aemufydkif; axmifuae ol@udkv$wfay;zdk@ wpmpm awmif;qdk aeygawmhw,f?

(C) axmifwGif; aiGa=u;vJvS,fpepf axmifxJrSmaiGa=u;udk w&m;0if udkifwG,foHk;pGJcGifh r&Sdovdk pm&Guf/ cJwHeJ@tcsGeftwufeJ@ wlwmrSefor#udk axmifxJ vHk;0ay;oGif;cGifh rjyKygbl;? wpfcg oGm;wdkufwH&Jhaemufydkif;udk csGefaeatmifaoG;+yD; vlowf&mrSm toHk;jyKcJhvdk@ aemufydkif;oGm;wdkufwHudk xufydkif;csdK;+yD;rSom oGif;cGifhjyKygawmhw,f? tcsdKr_ef@eJ@ aq;vdyfudkawmh axmif0efxrf;oufom acsmifcsda&;qdkifu 0,f,lrSom axmifwGif; oGif;cGifhjyKygw,f? jyifyu0,fvmwJh aq;vdyfqdk&if oGif;cGifhrjyKygbl;? aq;vdyfqdkwm axmiftwGif; ol@ae&meJ@ol tqifajyacsmarG@pGm qufqHEdkifzdk@twGuf aiGa=u;tjzpftoHk;jyK&wJh ypPnf;jzpfygw,f? aq;vdyfqdkwmuvnf; EGm;wHqdyfrusifvSrSom toHk;jyKvdk@&wmjzpf+yD; axmifxJrSm vl}udKufrsm;vSwJh aq;vdyfjzpfygw,f? axmifxJtusOf;om;awG oHk;pGJzdk@twGuf tup 0efxrf;oufomacsmifcsda&;qdkifu a&mif;cswJhaq;vdyfu uefx&dkufqGJ=uwmuvnf; ol@xufigt+ydKiftqdkif jzpfaeygw,f? axmiftusOf;om;awG jypf'%fjzpfwJhtcgus&if &JbufxGuf&if cwfwJhajcusif;awG axmifrSm rvHkravmuf jzpfaewJ@twGuf *sdK;odef;aq;ayghvdyfydkif&Sifu tusOf;OD;pD;Xmeudk ajcusif;v_'gef;vdk@ axmifxJudk EGm;wHqdyf rusifvSaq;ayghvdyfu uefx&dkufr&yJ *sdK;odef;aq;ayghvdyfudkyJ oGif;cGifh jyKcJhjyefygw,f? axmifxJu aps;uGuf pD;yGm;a&;rSmawmif e0wtpdk;&udk v_'gef;EdkifwJh oluom wyef;omygw,f? tjcm;aiGa=u; owfrSwfcsufwpfckuawmh 1990ckESpftwGif;rSmyJ tm*sDEdkrdkwdktcsdKr_ef@ wpfxkyf tao;wpfxkyfudk aiG(10)usyfwef ypPnf;tjzpf owfrSwf+yD; (10)wef aiGpuULtpm; toHk;jyK&ygw,f? axmiftwGif;rSm v#ufwjyufqdkovdk owif;wpfck=um;+yD;qdk&if =um;&if=um;ovdk &SmazGa&; 0ifygw,f? tJ'Dvdk &SmazGa&;0ifwmrsdK;udk wvmpDw,fvdk@ ac:ygw,f? axmifxJrSm wvmpDwJhtcg reufapmapmydkif; tdyfaqmifawG rzGifhcifrSm rsm;aomtm;jzifh jyKvkyfavh&Sdygw,f? &SmazGa&;vkyf+yDqdk&if axmif0efxrf;awGu wkwfawGudk udkifaqmif+yD; taqmifawGxJ0ifvm+yD; tusOf;om;awGudk wpfOD;csif; tjyifxGufcdkif;+yD; cE<mudk,fay:rSm t&ifqHk;&SmazGygw,f? bmrSrawG@&if tjyifzufrSm xdkifcdkif;xm;+yD; tusOf;om;awG r&SdawmhwJh tdyfaqmifawGxJ0if+yD; tdyf,mvdyfawGudk wpfckcsif; ¶_yfyGoGm;atmif/ auseyfavmufatmifzG+yD; &Smygw,f? tJ'Dvdk&Smae&if; olwdk@oGm;a&uswJh ypPnf;av;rsm; awG@vdk@uawmh bmrajym/ nmrajymeJ@ tdwfxJ aumufxnfhoGm;wufygw,f? tusOf;om;awG&Jh tdyf,mvdyfawGxJrSm ydkufqHawG awG@&if awmif &Hk;wifr,fhtpm; olwdk@udk,fxJ rodrom xnfhoGm;wwfygw,f? ypPnf;&SmazGw,f qdkwmu um,uH&Sif awG&Jh a&SŒrSm jyKvkyfwmr[kwfwJhtwGuf axmif0efxrf;awGudk ,Hk=unfpdwfcsvdk@ r&Edkifygbl;? tusOf;om;awG ypPnf;aysmufvdk@ wifjy&ifvnf; rodcsifa,mifaqmif+yD; wifjywJholudkawmif jyef[def;a[mufygao;w,f? q&m0efu aq;pmeJ@cGifhjyKxm;wJh aq;0g;awGudk awG@&ifvnf; rif;wdk@vufxJrSm 'Davmuftrsm;}uD;rxm;&blk; qdkum odrf;,loGm;wwfygw,f? tJ'Dvdkodrf;qnf;wJhypPnf;awGuvnf; &SmazGa&;yHkpHeJ@ odrf;qnf;wmr[kwfyJ pm&if;azsmuf+yD; olwdk@tdrfawGudk r ,loGm;wmaocsmygw,f? yHkkrSeftm;jzifh tusOf;om;awG[m (2)ywfwpfcg axmif0ifpmawG@ cGifh&ygw,f? rdom;pkeJ@ wpfvudk ESpf}udrfavmuf awG@cGifh&EdkifwJ@ umvav;jzpfwma=umifh axmifusvmol awmfawmfrsm;rsm; t&rf; wefzdk;xm;=uygw,f? axmif0ifpmawG@&wJhtcg oHZum(4)xyfeJ@ um&Hxm;wJhaxmif0ifpmtcef;rSm tdrfurdb/ rdom;pkawGeJ@ (15)rdepfcef@ awG@}uHKpum;ajymvdk@&ygw,f? omreftusOf;om;awGtaeeJ@ vGwfvGwfvyfvyf pum;ajymqdkvdk@&ayr,fh usaemfwdk@vdk EdkifiHa&;tusOf;orm;awG axmif0ifpm awG@&ifawmh udk,fhtdrfawGu tdrfom;awG&JhaemufrSm axmif0efxrf;awG&Sdae+yD; usaemfwdk@awG&Jh aemufrSmvnf; bmawGajymw,f/ qdkw,fqdkwmudk apmifhem;axmifaewJ@ 0efxrf;awG&Sdaeygw,f?

ESSpfywfrSm wpfcgom/ wpfcgrSm (15)rdepfavmufom awG@cGifh&wJhtcsdefav;rSm udk,fhtdrfu rdom;pkeJ@udk,f vGwfvGwfvyfvyf pum;ajymvdk@ r&cJhygbl;? axmif0ifpmawG@&wJh tcef;uvnf; tifrwefudk usOf;ajrmif;+yD; tusOf;om;awG jynfhusyfaewufvdk@ pum;ajym&ifvn;f atmf[pf+yD; ajym&ygw,f? axmif0ifpmtcef;rSm wm0efuswJh axmif0efxrf;t&m&Sdudk ESpf}udrfqdkvnf;[kwf/ oHk;}udrfqdkvnf;[kwf axmif0ifpm vdkif;a=u;ydkufqHay;vdkuf&ifawmh b,fESpf=urfrqdk awG@ cGifh&wwfygw,f? axmiftjyifzuf ppfaq;a&;*dwfawGu txyfxyfppfaq;+yD; oGif;cGifhjyKxm;wJh ypPnf;awGomygwJh usaemfh&Jh axmif0ifpmypPnf;awGudk usaemfhtdrfom;awGeJ@awG@+yD; vdk@ tdrfuvlawGaxmif0ifpmcef;u jyefxGufoGm;+yD;rS cGif@jyKcsuf&+yD;wJ@ ypPnf;awGudk ay;ygw,f? wpfcgwpfav cGifhjyKxm;wJhypPnf;awGxJu olwdk@vdkcsifwJhypPnf;&Sd&if . . . “'gr&blk;uG/ [dk[moGif;cGifhray;bl;” qdk+yD; ypPnf;tcsdKŒudk odrf;qnf;oGm;wufygw,f? 0efxrf;awGudk vdkif;a=u;ydkufqHay;xm;wJh olawGudkusawmh rkef@[if;cg;wdk@/ 'efaygufwdk@awmif tjyifu oGif;cGifhjyKwmudk rsufjrifawG@&ygw,f? +yD;awmh oGif;cGifhrjyKyJ odrf;qnf;xm;wJh ypPnf;awGudk olwdk@0efxrf;awG tcsif;csif; pm;aomuf=uygawmhw,f? wpfcgwkef;u tusOf;om;wpfa,mufu tJ'Dvdk axmif0ifpmcef;rSm 0efxrf;awG rw&m;t}udrfaygif;rsm;pGm jyKvkyfwmudk onf;rcHEdkifawmhvdk@ axmifxJudkoGif;cGifhray;wJh vufzufudk tdrfurSm,l+yD; vufzufxJudk uecdk(jrefrmhwdkif;&if;aq;wpfrsdK;)udk axmif;+yD;wJh tr_ef@eJ@qDudka&m+yD; axmif0ifpmudk ,lvmzdk@ ol@tdrfu rdom;pkudkrSmvdkufygw,f? axmif0ifpmawG@ csdefa&mufawmh xifxm;wJhtwdkif; axmif0ifpm0efxrf;awGu vufzufxkyfudk oGif;cGifhray;bl;[kajymum vufzufxkyfudk odrf;um tr_dufyHk;xJ ypfxnfhvdkyfygw,f? aemufwpfae@ usawmh axmif0ifpm0efxrf; wpfa,muf tusOf;om;qDu rw&m;odrf;,lxm;wJh uecdkyg0ifwJh vufzufudkpm;rdvdk@ 0rf;av#m+yD; aq;&Hka&mufoGm;ygw,f? tJ'D0efxrf;crsm ESpf&ufavmuf cGifh,lvdkuf&ygw,f? tup(tukefpm;)0efxrf;awG[m tusOf;om;awGqDu ypPnf;awGudkrw&m; odrf;,l+yD; pm;aomufae=urSef; 'Dwpfcsufu xif&Sm;oGm;ygw,f? tJ'Dvdk vufzufxJudk uecdk xnfhcJhwJholuawmh usaemfwdk@(3)aqmifuyg? emrnfuawmh rajymawmhygbl;? (i) axmifuspm&if;awG cdk;xkwfawmh 1991 ckESpfxJrSm tif;pdefaxmifxJudk ukvor*~u txl;pHkprf;a&;udk,fpm;vS,f}uD; a&mufvmcJhygw,f? e0w tm%mydkifawGu axmifaq;&Hk/ trsdK;orD;aqmifeJ@ wdkuftcsdK@udkyJ =unfhcGifhay;ygw,f? axmif0ifpmcef;udk ukvor*~udk,fpm;vS,f}uD; oGm;a&muf=unfhawmh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om; &Sdayr,fh pD;yGm;a&;yk'fr(5)eJ@ axmifusvmwJholawGudk axmif0ifpmcef;rSm vltenf;i,feJ@ ususee awG@cGifhay;wmudk [efaqmifjyygw,f? trSefwu,frSmawmh axmif0ifpmawG@&wJh tcef;usOf;av;xJrSm rD;a&mifrjynfhrpHkeJ@ vlawGjynfhESufaeatmif xnfh+yD;awG@&wm jzpfygw,f? EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awGeJ@ &mZ0wftusOf;om;awG axmif0ifpmawG@ yHkjcif; rwlygbl;? usaemfwdk@ EdkifiHa&; tusOf;orm;awGusawmh axmif0ifpmrSm bmajymvJ qdk+yD; rsufvHk;a'gufaxmuf =unfhaewufygw,f? axmif0ifpmcef;rSm vlawGrsm;vGef;vdk@ wpfa,mufeJ@wpfa,muf pum;ajym&if; atmf+yD; ajym&ygw,f? ukvor*~ udk,fpm;vS,f}uD; vmwJhae@u axmifuausG;wJhxrif;u cgwdkif;eJ@rwl xl;xl;jcm;jcm; aysmhaysmhajymif;ajymif;

pm;&ygw,f? yJ[if;qdkvnf; t&if&ufawGu yJ[if;eJ@ rwlyJ yJ[if;qdkwJh trnfemreJ@jynfhpHkvSwJh yJ[if;udk pm;&w,f? aemufae@awGusawmh ydkae+rJ/ usm;ae+rJ jzpfoGm;jyefygw,f? xrif;uvnf; rmvdkufwmrS a'gifa'gifjrnfatmifrm+yD; ta&mifuvnf; aumuf!Sif;icsdwfvm; rSwf&atmif rJwl;aeygw,f? yJ[if;qdkvnf; yJta&mifyJ ygawmhw,f? usaemfwdk@ tif;pdefaxmifxJrSm EdkifiHa&; tr_awG trsm;}uD; &Sdaewmudk ukvor*~udk,fpm;vS,fawG rawG@&atmif/ rod&atmif zHk;xm;+yD; &mZ0wftusOf;om;awGeJ@ a&maESmxm;ygw,f? taqmifudk vnf;vma&muf=unfh cGifhray;ygbl;? e0wu urBmudkawmif ajAmifvdrfajAmifpm; vkyfaewmudk urBmu xifxif&Sm;&Sm; odvmapzdk@ aemifw}udrfrSm urBmh=uufajceDtzGJ@ yJjzpfjzpf/ ukvor*~yJjzpfjzpf vma&muf ppfaq;wJhtcg EdkifiHa&; tusOf;om;awG axmifeHywf/ emrnfeJ@ b,ftaqmifrSm &Sdw,fqdkwm wdwdusus od&atmifvkyfzdk@ pdwful;&vmygw,f? 'Dpdwful;udk EdkifiHa&;orm;awG tm;vHk;xJjyvdkuf&if atmifjrifwmxuf owif;aygufoGm;EdkifwJhtwGuf usaemfeJ@pdwfwl/ udk,fwl&JabmfawGeJ@ 'DudpPawGudk wm0ef,lEdkifrJ@ olawGudk &Sm&ygw,f? yxrOD;qHk; om;!Gef@OD;eJ@ wdkifyifygw,f? om;!Gef@OD;u vdkvdkvm;vm; wm0ef,l vufcHwJhtwGuf aemufwpfa,mufjzpfwJh &JausmfpGmudk csnf;uyfygw,f? vkyfief;vkyfzdk@ olwdk@ oabmwl=uw,f? 'DvdkeJ@ usaemfwdk@trSwf(3)aqmifrSm&SdwJh EdkifiHa&;orm;tusOf;om;pm&if;udk aumuf,lzdk@ usaemfwdk@(3)OD; wm0efcGJ=uygw,f? &JausmfpGmu pm&GufeJ@ abmfvfyif&Smzdk@ wm0ef,l&+yD; taqmifrSm&SdwJh EdkifiHa&;orm;awG&Jh axmifeHywf/ axmifusESpf/ yk'fr/ tzGJ@tpnf;/ tcef;eHywf awGudk wpfckcsif;pHkprf;zdk@ owfrSwfygw,f? 'ghtjyif tjcm;olbmrS rodap&yg? om;!Gef@OD;u &JausmfpGm vdkufvHpkaqmif;xm;wJh tcsuftvufawGudk nzuf('grSr[kwf) reuftm&k%frSm tdyf,mxJ apmif+cHK+yD; v#dK@v#K@d0Suf0SufeJ@ a&;&ygw,f? usaemfu tjcm;taqmifeJ@ wdkufawG&Sd pm&if;awG&zdk@twGuf qufoG,f&wJhwm0efudk,l+yD; t+yD;owf axmifpm&if;udk tjyifudkxkwfzdk@ wm0ef,l&ygw,f? usaemfwdk@(3)aqmifrSm &JausmfpGmeJ@ om;!Gef@OD; wdk@&Jh wm0ef+yD;oGm;wJhtcgrSm pm&Gufudk axmiftjyifxkwfzdk@ usaemf }udK;pm;&ygw,f? pm&Gufaxmiftjyifudk a&mufzdk@ qdkwm axmif0efxrf;(odk@r[kwf) tusOf;om;t&m&SdwpfOD;OD;&Jh tultnD vdkw,fqdkwm usaemf aumif;aumif; oabmaygufygw,f? 'ga=umifh axmif0ifpmcef;rSm wm0efusaewJ@ ukvm;rwfoD; udk pnf;&Hk;a&;qif;&ygawmhw,f? rwfoD;u (4)aqmifuajymif;vmwJh olqdkawmh ol@&Jhaemufa=umif;udk (4)aqmifrSmpHkprf;=unfhawmh ausmf0Àwdk@u tajctaeaumif;w,fvdk@ rD;pdrf;jyawmhrS &mZ0wftusOf;om; rwfoD;udk aiGxdk; pnf;&Hk;&ygw,f? usaemfwdk@(3)aqmifu tusOf;om; (100)ausmf pm&if; +yD;oGm;wJ@twGuf trSwf(4) aqmiftwGuf ausmf0ÀeJ@ trSwf(5)tdyfaqmiftwGuf nDaxG;cdkif(&uDQ;)wdk@udk pm&if;aumuf,lzdk@ rD;pdrf;jy vdkufygw,f? (3)aqmifu EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om; pm&if;[m rwfoD;&JhulnDr_a=umifh pdwfcsvHk+cHK&wJh txl; qufoG,fa&; vrf;a=umif;wqifh &efukef+rdK@&Sd EdkifiHjcm;oH&Hk;wpfckudk acsmarmpGm a&muf&SdoGm;ygw,f? 'kwd,taeeJ@(4)aqmifeJ@(5)aqmifpm&if;udk aumuf,lwJhtcgrSm wduswJhpm&if;udk r&ao;wm&,f/ vHk+cHKa&;awG usyfwnf;aewm&,fa=umifh tcsdeftenf;i,f apmifhae&ygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm uHqdk;csifvdk@vm;rod? (3)aqmiftcef;(2)u pdk;vGif(tuo)eJ@ udkOm%f0if;wdk@udk axmifr_;&Hk;cef;em;rSm rSDcdkpm;aomufaewJh 5(n)ta&jcHKawGu twdk@taxmif vkyfvdkufwma=umifh axmifwGif; 5 (n)pm&if;aumufcHr_eJ@ olwdk@udk rdef;a*s;vfrSm ppfaq;ygw,f? pdk;vGifwdk@qDu pm&Gufpmwrf; wpfckrSr&wJhtjyif / pGJcsufrcdkifvHkwJh=um;u olwdk@udk oD;oef@ tusOf;axmifudk ydk@vdkufygw,f? usaemfwdk@wawGvnf; bk&m;w+yD; qkawmif;ae&ayr,fh

axmiftm%mydkifawGu r&dyfrdwm&,f/ pdk;vGif wm0efausyGefwm&,fa=umfifh 'DudpPu +yD;oGm;cJhygw,f? r=umcifrSmyJ tukodkvfawG twHk;vdkuf twpfvdkuf 0ifvmygawmhw,f? pdk;vGifwdk@udpP+yD;oGm;ayr,fh (4)aqmifu tajccHausmif;om;wpf,muf jzpfwJhrESJav;u axmifajryHkudk aoaocsmcsma&;qGJ+yD; tjyifudkxkwfzdk@ }udK;pm;aewJh tcsdefrSmyJ axmifwGif; wvmpDwJhtcgrSm rdoGm;ygawmhw,f? axmifajryHkudkjrifawmh axmiftm%mydkifawG rsufvHk;jyL;oGm;ygw,f? axmifajryHk[m pau;udkuf+yD; aoaooyfoyf a&;qGJxm;um tao;pdwf azmfjyxm;wma=umifh a=umufvef@oGm;ygw,f? csufcsif; axmifwGif; &SmazGa&;awG qufwdkuf0ifygawmhw,f? axmifajryHkcdk;xkwfwJh rESJav;udkawmh a'gufeJ@jypf'%fwyf+yD; oD;oef@wdkufudkydk@vdkuf+yD; 5(n)awG&Jh v_yf&Sm;r_rSefor#udk rsufvHk;a'gufaxmuf =unfhaeygawmhw,f? usaemfwdk@vnf; axmifwGif;tajctae at;csrf;atmif apmifh=unfhae&if; &moDaumif;vm+yD; tenf;i,f om,mvmcsdefrSmawmh (4)aqmifu ausmf0ÀxHudk pm&if;oGif;,lzdk@ rwfoD;udk v$wfvdkufygw,f? ausmf0Àuvnf; axmifajryHkudpPa=umifh taqmifwGif;pm&Guf/ abmvfyif=uyfwnf; aevdk@ pm&if;jyKpkvdk@r+yD;ao;wma=umifh c%aezdk@ ajymygw,f? 'ga=umifh (5)aqmifu nDaxG;cdkifxH ta=umif;=um;awmh tacsmowfaevdk@ (1)&ufapmifhygvdk@ apmifhaepOf rwfoD;u azmufjyef vmygawmhw,f? jzpfyHku rwfoD;[m axmif0ifpmtcef;rSm q&morm;wpfqlvdk pm;csifwdkif;pm;/ aomufcsifwdkif; aomuf+yD; atmufajcvGwfvmygw,f? aemuf rl;,pfaq;oHk;ygao;w,f? axmif0ifpmrSm wm0efuspOf rwfoD;aq;oHk;wmudk axmifr_;}uD;vSjrifhawG@oGm;+yD; taqmifjyify rxGuf&qdk+yD; a'gufcwfjypf'%f ay;vdkufygw,f? tJ'DrSm rwfoD;u Zmwd&kyfjyvmygw,f? ol@&Jhajcaxmufu a'gufeJ@jypf'%fvGwfzdk@ vGwfajrmuf&mvrf;twGuf usaemfwdk@zufudk jrm;OD; csdefvmygawmhw,f? usaemfwdk@uvnf; rwfoD;tajctae rlrrSefwma=umifh udpP/ 0dpPawGtm;vHk; azsmufzsufzdk@ owday;vdkufcsdefrSmawmh (5)aqmifyJ tcsdefrSDvdkuf+yD;(4)aqmifu ausmf0À&Jh EdkifiHa&;orm; pm&Gufpmwrf;[m rwfoD;&JhvufxJ a&muf&SdaeESifh+yD; jzpfygawmhw,f? 1991 ckESpf/ Edk0ifbmv 'kwd,tywfxJrSm jy\emu pwifygawmhw,f? rwfoD;u ol@&Jha'gufcwfjypf'%f vGwfvdkvGwfjim; rdef;a*s;&Hk;rSm usaemfwdk@udpPwdkifwef;+yD; ausmf0Àu usaemfhudkay;vdkufwJh pm&if;pm&Gufudk oufaotjzpfeJ@ &Hk;wifvdkufygw,f? xifxm;wJhtwdkif; usaemfhemrnfeJ@ axmifusyk'frudk &Gwf+yD; rdef;a*s;vfwm0efus wyfom; 0if;jrifhu vmac:ygw,f? rdef;a*s;vfa&mufawmh &Hk;cef;xJrSm xdkifcdkif;+yD; axmifr_;}uD;vSjrifhu par;ygw,f? “rif;wdk@ axmifxJrSm aumif;aumif;rGefrGef raebl;? [dkwdkif/ 'DwdkifeJ@ Z,m;vm¶_yfaew,f? rif;bmawGvkyfaevJ ighudkajymprf;” usaemfu bmrSrvkyfygbl;? axmifucdkif;wJh awmif,mudk vkyfaeygw,f? usaemfaxmifxJrSm aumif;aumif;rGefrGefaewm tusOf;om;wdkif; odygw,f vdk@jyefajymvdkufygw,f? “rif;uom axmifxJrSm aumif;aumif;rGefrGef aexdkifaew,fav;/ bmav;eJ@? axmifxJrSm rif;bmawGvkyfaew,fqdkwm 'dk@odvdk@ rif;udk apmifh=unfhaewm =um+yD? 'grif;odvm;” “rodygbl;” “rif;pm&Gufpmwrf;awGpk/ [dktaqmif 'Dtaqmifu 5(n)pm&if;awGawmif;/ axmiftjyifxkwf+yD; ra&mufoifh/ ra&mufxdkufwJhae&mawGudkydk@zdk@ }udK;pm;aew,fqdk&if rif;bmjiif;rvJ” “usaemfaxmifr_;}uD; ajymwmawG bmrSem;rvnfbl;” “rif;udk &Sif;&Sif;yJajymr,f? rif;rwfoD;udk tultnDawmif;+yD; 5(n)taqmifu pm&if;awGjyKpk+yD; axmiftjyifxkwfzdk@eJ@ owif;pm zwf¶_ŒcGifh&atmif pnf;&Hk;cJhw,fqdk” “'gvHk;0r[kwfygbl;? wrifvkyf}uH+yD; usaemfhudk remvdkwJh acsmufwGef;csifwJholawGu jyKvkyfwmyg”

“bmwrifvkyf}uHrSmvJ? rif;udk,fwdkif rwfoD;udk tJ'DtultnDawG rawmif;cJhbl;vm;” “rawmif;cJhzl;ygbl;” “'gqdk ausmf0Àu rif;qDudkydk@vdkufwJh 5(n)pm&if;pm&Guf/ a[m'DrSm (pm&Gufwpfckudk usaemfhudk jyygw,f? tJ'Dpm&Gufu ausmf0ÀusaemhqD rwfoD;uwqifhydk@vdkufwJhpm&Gufyg) rif;u axmiftjyif xkwfzdk@ awmif;vdk@ ausmf0Àua&;+yD; rwfoD;uaewqifh ydk@cdkif;wmqdk&ifaum rif;bm jiif;OD;rvJ” “usaemf 'DudpPawG vHk;0rodbl;? tckaxmifr_;}uD; ajymrS tHh=ordygw,f? ausmf0ÀeJ@ usaemf tquftoG,fr&Sdygbl;” “ausmf0ÀeJ@ rif;eJ@tr_wGJvm;” “r[kwfygbl;” “rif;a&SŒrSm oufaocHypPnf;awGeJ@ wuG rdaewm rif;bmjiif;rSmvJ” “usaemfhvufxJrSm rdwmr[kwfygbl;? 'DudpPudk usaemfvHk;0rodygbl;? usaemfhudk remvdkwJhol wpfOD;OD;u vkyf}uHZmwfcif;+yD; ajymwmjzpfygw,f” “aumif;+yD? rwfoD;udkoGm;ac:prf;? (rdef;a*s;vf0efxrf; wpfOD;udk (3)aqmifrSm a'gufcwfjypf'%feJ@ aeaewJh rwfoD;udkoGm;ac:cdkif;ygw,f? +yD;awmh usaemfhzufvSnfh+yD;) axmifxJrSm aumif;aumif;rGefrGef raecsifbl;? [kwfvm;” c%t=umrSm a'gufwyfxm;wJh rwfoD; rdef;a*s;vf&Hk;cef;a&SŒ a&mufvmygw,f? axmifr_;}uD; vSjrifhu “rwfoD;? aevif;u rif;udkbmajymovJ” rwffoD;u rsufESmxm;rmrmeJ@ usaemhudk 5(n)pm&if; axmiftjyif xkwfay;zdk@eJ@ owif;pm zwf¶_ŒcGifh&&ef owif;pm awmif;ygw,fvdk@ ajymvdkufygw,f? axmifr_;vSjrifhu“at; . . . rif;jyefvdk@&+yD” qdk+yD;rwfoD;udk “taqmifjyefydk@vdkuf”vdk@ cdkif;vdkufygw,f? +yD;awmh usaemfhzufvSnfh+yD; “uJJJJ . . . rif;bmjiif;rSmvJ” “rif;rSm pm&if;pm&GufawG&Sd&if xkwfay;? tom;temrcHeJ@? rwfoD;uvnf;xGuf qdk+yD;+yD? a[m'DrSmvnf; ausmf0Àuay;vdkufwJh 5(n)pm&if;” “'DudpPudk usaemfvHk;0rodygbl;? rwfoD;ajymoGm;wJhpum;u b,fvdkrSrjzpfEdkifygbl;? jypf'%feJ@ tusOf;om;wpfa,muf&Jh xGufqdkcsufu &mcdkifE_ef;jynfhrSefuef Edkifyghrvm;qdkwm axmifr_;}uD; pOf;pm;=unfhyg? tck rwfoD;[m axmifxJrSmpnf;urf;azmufvdk@ ol@udka'gufcwf jypf'%fay;xm;wmudk olvGwf&mvGwfa=umif;&SmwJh taeeJ@ usaemfhtay: tuGufqif+yD; 5(n)pm&if;ygwJhpm&GufeJ@ &Hk;rSm vmwdkifwef;wm rjzpfEdkifbl;vm;cifAsm? tckavmavmq,frSm rwfoD;[m jypf'%fjzpfaewJh tusOf;om; jzpfae+yD; usaemfu omreftusOf;om; jzpfaeygw,f? b,fpum; rSefEdkifw,fqdkwm axmifr_;}uD; pOf;pm; =unfhyg” “rif;vHk;0 rodbl;vm;” “rodygbl;” “nDaxG;cdkifudkaum rif;odvm;” “odygw,f” “b,fvdkywfoufovJ” “usaemfhwdk@ tr_wGJawGyg” “tquftoG,f&Sdvm;” “usaemfeJ@ axmifusuwnf;u uGJoGm;wm tquftoG,f r&Sdawmhygbl;” “at;/ aumif;+yD? vdktyfvdk@ xyfppfaq;p&m&Sd&if ac:vdkufr,f”

“a[h? ol@udkrdef;a*s;vfu zdk0dkif;xJrSm xnfhxm;vdkuf”vdk@ajym+yD; zdk0dkif;xJrSm usaemfhudk wpfa,mufwnf; xm;vdkufygw,f? rdef;a*s;vfu usaemfeJ@ odwJhbp aZmfvGifudkac:+yD; rwfoD;csGefvdkufvdk@ usaemfjy\em wufae+yDvdk@ owif;ydk@ vdkufygw,f? pdwfxJuvnf; bmyJjzpfjzpf usaemfhvufxJrSm rrdwJhtwGuf jiif;&rSmyJjzpfw,fvdk@ qHk;jzwfygw,f? aemufqHk; ausmf0ÀeJ@ usaemfhudk rsufESmcsif;qdkif qHkay;vnf; jiif;&rSmyJvdk@ awG;+yD; taqmifuae ppfacG;vm;/ wdkufvm;/ oD;oef@vm;/ wpfckckawmhajymif;cH&zdk@ apmifhaevdkufygw,f? aemufawmh(4)aqmifu ausmf0Àudkac:ppfygw,f? ausmf0ÀuvJ axmifr_;}uD;vufxJu pm&Guf[m olrwfoD;udkay;wJh pm&Gufr[kwfa=umif;/ pm&Gufay:u vufa&;[mvnf; ol@vufa&;r[kwfa=umif;/ rwfoD;acsmufcswmjzpfa=umif;/ usaemfeJ@vnf; tquftoG,fr&Sda=umif; xGufqdkoGm;ygw,f? aemufxyfwpfcg(5)aqmifu nDaxG;cdkifudk zdk0dkif;xJrSm ppfaq;r_+yD;wJhtcsdefxd xm;ygw,f? usaemftaqmifudk jyefa&mufawmh taqmifu 5(n)awGeJ@ &mZ0wftusOf;om;awG tm;vHk; usaemf taqmifjyefa&mufvmwmudk tHh=oae=uygw,f? rwfoD;csGefvdkufwJhudpP owif;jyef@aeygw,f? taqmifrSm rwfoD;eJ@jyefawG@awm@ axmifr_;}uD;a&SŒrSmajymwJh rsufESmrsdK;r[kwfawmhyJ rsufESmcsdK vmaoG;ygw,f? usaemfuvnf; 'Dtr_udpP tjcm;taqmifuppfaewm r+yD;jywfao;vdk@ tjypf'%fray;ao;wmvdk@ pdwfxJrSm xifrdygw,f? 'grSr[kwf tjcm;tpDtpOfawG&Sdvdk@vm;/ naeaxmifydwfrS ppfacG;/ 'grSr[kwf oD;oef@ wpfckckudkydk@ rvm;qdk+yD; awG;um taqmifu &JabmfawGudk E_wfquf+yD; usaemfhtdyf,mvdyfudk jyifqifapmifhqdkif;aevdkufygw,f? axmifwHcg;ydwfwJhtcsdefxd usaemfhudkvmac:wmrawG@&vdk@ usaemfeJ@ usaemfh&JabmfawG xGufqdkcsufuyJ aumif;vdk@vm;/ oufaocHpm&Gufu usaemfwdk@ vuf0,fr&Sdvdk@vm;/ owif;ay; w&m;pGJwJholku jypf'%fjzpftusOf;om;jzpfaevdk@vm;eJ@ vm;aygif;rsm;pGmawG;rdygw,f? 'gr[kwfvJ usaemfwdk@udk ta&;,l&if 0efxrf;awGyg yg0ifyufoufaewmrdk@ axmufvSrf;a&;0ifppfrSmudk a=umufvdk@yJvm;? bmyJjzpfjzpf usaemfwdk@a&SŒrSmpdk;vGifwdk@/ Om%f0if;wdk@udk 5(n)pm&if; axmiftjyifxkwfzdk@ }uHpnfr_eJ@ oD;oef@axmi fajymif;a&GŒcHxm;&wJh om"uu ylylaEG;aEG;av;&Sdaeygw,f? usaemfwdk@u olwdk@xufom+yD; oufaocHypPnf; awmif;rdaewmyg? usaemfwdk@udk bma=umifh ta&;r,lwmvJqdkwJh tajzu aemufrS odvm&ygw,f? usaemfwdk@ tm;vHk;udk 1991 ckESpfEdk0ifbmv (24)&ufae@rSm axmifajymif;a&GŒvdkufygw,f? axmifajymif;tpDtpOf&Sdvdk@ ta&;r,lcJhwm jzpfygw,f? 'grSr[kwf&if aemufr_uyfrvm;/ a'gufeJ@ wdkufvm; wpfckckygyJ?

tcef;(10) (u) axmifajymif;+yD tif;pdefaxmifxJudk 1991 ckESpf bdkuav;wdkufyGJt+yD; axmifusvmolawGa=umifh tif;pdefaxmif twGif; EdkifiHa&;r_awG tqrwef rsm;jym;vm+yD; taqmifwpfaqmifudk tusOf;om;(100)ausmfavmuf &Sdvmygw,f? 'DDvdk EdkifiHa&;r_awG rsm;vmwma=umifh axmifajymif;a&GŒ r,fqdkwJhowif;awG ay:xGufaecJh wmvnf; =umvS+yDjzpfygw,f? b,fae@ajymif;&r,f/ b,fawmha&GŒ&r,f/ b,faxmifudk ajymif;r,f pwm awGudk b,folrS twdtus rodEdkifygbl;? 'geJ@usaemfwdk@vnf; 'DudpPudk rodvdkufzmomae vdkufygw,f? 'gayr,fh usaemfwdk@tm;vHk; txifrSwfwJhtcsdef / tm;vHk; owdrxm;rd=uwJh 1991ckESpf Edk0ifbmv (24)&ufreuftapm}uD;rSm axmifajymif;a&GŒzdk@ jzpfvmygw,f?

reuftapm}uD; taqmifawGudk 0efxrf;awGa&mufvm+yD; pm&if;rSm emrnfygwJholawGudk udk,fh ypPnf;awG,l+yD; tjyifudk xGufcdkif;ygw,f? usaemfwdk@(3)aqmiftjyif (4)aqmif/ (5)aqmifeJ@wdkufcef;/ oD;oef@aqmifawGu 5(n)EdkifiHa&;orm;rsm; ta,muf(20)pDeJ@ pkpkaygif; 5(n) wpf&mausmfudk ac:xkwf oGm;ygw,f? usaemfwdk@ ta,muf(100)ausmfudk tjyifudkxkwf+yD; rdef;a*s;vfvrf;r}uD; twdkif; ac:oGm;ygw,f? rdef;a*s;vfvrf;r}uD;udk a&mufawmh usaemfwdk@tm;vHk;&Jh qHyifawGudk av;uGuf=um; !Syfypfygw,f? qHyif!Syfw,fvdk@ ajym&ayr,fh wu,fwrf;=uawmh qHyifudk yHkysufqif;ysufjzpfatmif pufuyfaus; xdk;cs wmyJjzpfygw,f? qHyif!Syf+yD;wmeJ@ csufcsif; ajcusif;&dkufygw,f? +yD;awmh axmifAl;0rSm wef;pDcdkif;ygw,f? wef;pDaecsdefrSm bJO(2)vHk;/ iydenf;enf;ygwJh xrif;xkyfawG wpfa,mufwpfxkyf a0ay;ygw,f? aemuf tup uaewqifh &Jvufudk tyfvdkufygw,f? &J0efxrf;awGu usaemfwdk@5(n)awG ta,muf(100)ausmfudk tif;pdefAl;0udkac:oGm;+yD; axmifAl;0rSm tqifoifh&SdaewJh wDtD;(11)um;ESpfpD;qDudk ac:oGm;ygw,f? tJ'Dum;ay:udk usaemfwdk@ tm;vHk;udk wifaqmif+yD; um;u tif;pdefblwmudk OD;wnfarmif;ESifoGm;ygw,f? usaemfwdk@awGaxmifjyifudk a&mufwmeJ@ rjrif&wm =um+yDjzpfwJh jyify urBm&Jh edpP"l0 v_yf&Sm;r_awGudk wtHhw=o}uD; ai;pdkuf=unfhaerdw,f? 'gayr,fh usaemfhajcaxmufu oHajcusif;udk jyefiHk@=unfhvdkufawmh &ifxJrSmqwfueJ emusifoGm;ygw,f? jyifyu yHk&dyfawGudk tirf;r& ai;=unfhaerdygw,f? axmifxJrSm ae@pOf ¶_¶_dufae&wJh aveJh axmif&Jhjyifyuavu twlwljzpf&ufom;eJ@ tjyifuavuydk+yD; vwfqwfoef@&Sif;w,fvdk@ xifrdygw,f? aocsmwmuawmh 'g[m axmifuvGwfao;wm r[kwfygbl;? usaemfwdk@awG tif;pdefaxmifu ajymif;a&GŒcJh&wJh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awG&Jh pm&if;udk azmfjy vdkygw,f? 1991 ckESpf Edk0ifbmv (23)&ufae@wGif &efukeftif;pdef A[dk pHjy tusOf;axmifrSm o&uftusOf; axmifodk@ ajymif;a&GŒ cH&onfh pm&if; trnf axmifusESpf (1)r*~ifq&mawmf(OD;a&$omat;) ( & )ESpf r*~ifausmif;wdkuf/ ouFef;usGef;+rdK@e,f (2)OD;yÀ0Ho (OD;jynfausmf) ( & )ESpf owdyXmefausmif;wdkuf/ wmarG+rdK@e,f (3)OD;tmpm& (axmifwGif;YysHvGefawmfrl) ( & )ESpf o&ufawmem&Dpifausmif;wdkuf/ vrf;rawmf+rdK@e,f (4)OD;tdEdNu ( 5 )ESpf qm;vif;ausmif;wdkuf/ ykZGefawmif+rdK@e,f (5)OD;ynm'Dy ( 5 )ESpf odrfawmf}uD;ausmif;wdkuf/ yef;yJwef;+rdK@e,f (6)OD;eaENmbmo (OD;EdkifxGef;a&$) ( 5 )ESpf rGefausmif;wdkuf/A[ef;+rdK@e,f (7)udk&if ausmfwifh ( & )ESpf ara';eDausmif;wdkuf/ ausmufukef;/ &efuif;+rdK@e,f (8)udk&if xl;at; ( 4 )ESpf ok0Àomrausmif;wdkuf/ prf;acsmif;+rdK@e,f (9)OD;rJarmif ( 7 )ESpf

(10)OD;cifarmif}uD; ( 7 ) ESpf pvif;+rdK@/ rauG;wdkif; (11)udk+idrf;csrf;(pma&;q&m nDykav;) ( 10 )ESpf vlxkwdkuf/ rEWav;+rdK@ (12)udk&J(c)udkodef;atmif ( 10 ) ESpf,if;rmaw;oHoGif;/ ausmufwHwm;+rdK@e,f (13)udkaZmfrif;(c)AHkwdk ( 5 ) ESpftxufwef;ausmif;om;/ tkwfzdk/ yJcl;wdkif; (14)udk+zdK;a00if; (5)ESpfwwd,ESpf(&lyaA')&efukefwuUodkvfewWvif;+rdK@/ yJcl;wdkif; (15)udkEdkifvGifcsdK (10) ESpf acsmif;acgif;&Gm/ aygufacgif;+rdK@/ yJcl;wdkif; (16)udkapmvGif ( 5 )ESpf a&SŒae/ zqyv (A[dk/ rlvtzGJ@csKyf)&efukef (17)udkausmfrif;Edkif(c)udkeD ( 7 )ESpfaemufqHk;ESpf/ pufr_wuUodkvf(+rdK@jy)/ a&eHacsmif;+rdK@/ (18)a'gufwm cifxGef; ( 3 )ESpfxGef;aq;cef;/ "rRm&Hkausmif;vrf;/ 6rdkifcGJ/ vSdkif+rdK@e,f (19)udkjrifhOD; ( 5 )ESpf aygif+rdK@/ rGefjynfe,f (20)udktdkufudk (axmifwGif;aoqHk;) ( 8 )ESpfvkyfom;aumvdyf/ wwd,ESpf(jrefrmpm)/ &efukef+rdK@ (21)udkausmfrif;Edkif ( 4 )ESpf tajccHynmausmif;om;or*~(&efukefwdkif;)/ Adkvfwaxmif+rdK@e,f? (22)udkcspfudkudk (c) udkatmif'if ( 4 )ESpfaemufqHk;ESpf/ pufr_wuUodkvf (pufr_)/ awmifOuUvmy+rdK@e,f? (23)OD;aZmfrsdK;0if; ( 7 )ESpf A[dkw&m;&Hk;a&SŒae/ &efukef+rdK@ (24)OD;atmifjrifh0if; ( 7 )ESpf Xmer_;/ trSwf(1)pufr_0ef}uD;Xme/ vrf;eDav;/ &efukef+rdK@ (25)udkaX;atmif ( 3 )ESpf wwd,ESpf (jrefrmpm)/ &efukefwuUodkvf/ vSnf;wef;/ urm&Gwf+rdK@e,f (26)udkaX;atmif ( 6 )ESpf yxrESpf('\eduaA')/ ta0;oifwuUodkvf/ urm&Gwf+rdK@e,f (27)udkvSaX; ( 4 )ESpfaemufqHk;ESpf ("gwkaA')/ &efukefwuUodkvf/ r*Fvmawmif!Gef@+rdK@e,f (28)udkcspfnDnD(c) udka&$bkef;vl ( 5 )ESpf 'kwd,ESpf(t*Fvdyfpm)/ &efukefwuUodkvf (29) udkpdefv_dif (c)udkjynfh ( 3 )ESpf urm&Gwf+rdK@e,f? (30)udkausmfpdk;(ykÀm;) ( 3 )ESpf wwd,ESpf (a&eH)/ pufr_wuUodkvf

(31)udkpnfolxGwf ( 3 )ESpf 'kwd,ESpf/ pufr_wuUodkvf/ r*Fvmawmif!Gef@+rdK@e,f (32) udkxGef;xGef; ( 3 )ESpf aemufqHk;ESpf (ocsFm)/ &efukefwuUodkvf? a'gyHk+rdK@e,f (33)udkaxG;armf ( 3 )ESpf aemufqHk;ESpf(jrefrmpm)/ &efukefwuUodkvf (34)udknDaxG;cdkif(c) udk&uQD; ( 4 )ESpf aemufqHk;ESpf ("gwkaA')/ &efukefwuUodkvf/ prf;acsmif;+rdK@e,f (35)udkwdwfEdkif ( 3 )ESpf xm;0,f+rdK@/ weoFm&Dwdkif; (36) udkwdk;wdk;xGef; ( 5 )ESpf wwd,ESpf(¶_yaA')/ ykodrf'D*&Daumvdyf/ ajrmif;jr+rdK@/ (37)udk&JvGifpdk;(c)udk&J ( 5 )ESpf tvkyform;or*~/ v_difom,m+rdK@e,f/ &efukef (38)udkvSa0 ( 3 )ESpf usL&Sifq&m/ urm&Gwf+rdK@e,f (39)udkarmifarmifjrifh ( 5 )ESpf 'kwd,ESpf (ocsFm)/ &efukefwuUodkvf/ awmifOuUvmy+rdK@e,f (40)udk0if;EdkifOD; ( 3 )ESpf aemufqHk;ESpf/ &efukefpufr_wuUodkvf (41)udkarmifarmifoef; ( 5 )ESpf jrefrmhpD;yGm;a&;b%f (ykZGefawmifb%fcGJ) (42)udkvSrsdK;aemif(c) rSef}uD; ( 5 )ESpf yxrESpf(Oya')/ &efukefwuUodkvf/ ausmufyef;awmif;+rdK@/ (43)udkatmifydkif ( 4 )ESpf =u,fpdrf;vli,ftzGJ@/ ykZGefawmif+rdK@e,f/ &efukefwdkif; (44) udkausmf0À ( 3 )ESpf yxrESpf/ pufr_wuUodkvf/ 'gyHk+rdK@e,f/ &efukefwdkif; (45)udkausmf0À ( 3 )ESpf txufwef;ausmif;om;/ yJcl;+rdK@/ yJcl;wdkif; (46)udkausmfausmfodef; ( 4 )ESpf 'kwd,ESpf/*k%fxl;wef;(ocsFm)/&efukefwuUodkvf/ Adkvfwaxmif+rdK@e,f (47)udkvS0if; ( 20 )ESpf bdkuav;+rdK@/ {&m0wDwdkif; (48) udkom;!Gef@OD; ( 5 )ESpf yxrESpf/ aq;wuUodkvf(1)/ &efukef/ ausmufwHwm;+rdK@e,f (49)udkaevif;(pma&;ol) ( 5 )ESpf tajccHynmausmif;om;rsm; or*~ (&efukefwdkif;)/ ykZGefawmif+rdK@e,f/ (50) udk&Jarmfxl; ( 4 )ESpftajccJynm ausmif;om;rsm;or*~( &efukefwdkif;)/ vrf;opf&dyfom/ vrf;rawmf+rdK@e,f (51) udk&JausmfpGm ( 3 )ESpf

tajccHynm ausmif;om;rsm;or*~ (&efukefwdkif;)/ Adkvfwaxmif+rdK@e,f (52) udkjrifhpdk; (c)udka*smfeD ( 17 )ESpf trsdK;om;'Drdkua&pD tzGJ@csKyf(A[dk)/ vli,f/ vrf;opf&dyfom/ vrf;rawmf+rdK@e,f (53)udkjrifhqef; ( 5 )ESpf ajrmufOuUvmy+rdK@e,f/ &efukefwdkif; (54)udk0if;a&$ ( 3 )ESpf enf;jy(t*Fvdyfpm)/ vkyfom;aumvdyf/ wmarG+rdK@e,f (55) udkomjrwfausmf ( 4 )ESpf aemufqHk;ESpf/ tydkif;(u)/ aq;wuUodkvf(1) (56) udkat;vGif ( 15 )ESpf wwd,ESpf(ocsFm)/ ta0;oifwuUodkvf/ arSmfbD+rdK@e,f (57) udkaZmf0if;xGËf ( 20 )ESpf txufwef;ausmif;om;/ omauw+rdK@ (58)udkaZmf0if;xGef; ( 3 )ESpf txufwef;ausmif;om;/ 'v+rdK@e,f (59) udkodef;xGef;OD; ( 5 )ESpf tajccHynmausmif;om;rsm; or*~/ awmifOuUvmy+rdK@e,f (60) OD;aomif;xGef; ( 7 )ESpf yJcl;+rdK@ (61)udkrsdK;jrifh ( 5 )ESpf aemufqHk;ESpf (ocsFm)/ &efukefwuUodkvf/ omauw+rdK@e,f (62) udkatmifausmfrdk; (c)udkbdkawmuf ( 3 )ESpf vl@abmifopf 'Drdku&ufwpfygwD/ anmifav;yif+rdK@e,f/ yJcl;wdkif; (63) udkpdk;Edkif ( 3 )ESpf wwd,ESpf (ordkif;)/ ykodrf'D*&Daumvdyf (64)udkpdk;Edkif ( 5 )ESpf yef;yJwef;+rdK@e,f/ &efukef+rdK@ (65)udkEdkif0if; ( 3 )ESpf tajccHynmausmif;om;rsm;or*~/ awmifOuUvmy+rdK@e,f (66) udkaZmfaZmfv_dif ( 3 )ESpf vl@abmifopf 'Drdku&ufwpfygwD/ omauw+rdK@e,f (67) udkrsdK;wifhatmif ( 3 )ESpf aemufqHk;ESpf/ pD;yGm;a&;wuUodkvf (68) udkausmfaxG; ( 3 )ESpf ta0;ajy;Xme/ qufoG,fa&;/ pmwdkufESifha=u;eef;0ef}uD;Xme/ r*Fvmawmif!Gef@+rdK@e,f (69) udkpnfol0if; ( 5 )ESpf omauw+rdK@e,f (70) udkpdk;jrifh(c) aygifrkef@ ( 11 )ESpf 'v+rdK@e,f/ &efukef+rdK@ (71) udkvGifOD; ( 7 )ESpf c&rf;+rdK@e,f/ &efukef+rdK@

(72) udk=unf0if; ( 7 )ESpf c&rf;+rdK@e,f/ &efukef+rdK@ ( 73 ) udkcifaZmf ( 6 )ESpf a0bm*D/ ajrmufOuUvmy +rdK@e,f/ &efukef+rdK@ ( 74 ) udkeDwGwfausmf ( 9 )ESpf txufwef;ausmif;om;/ awmifOuUvmy+rdK@e,f ( 75 ) udkod*ôatmif ( 11 )ESpf txufwef;ausmif;om; ( 76 ) udkuHjrifh ( 6 )ESpf tvHk+rdK@e,f/ ( 77 ) udkrsdK;atmif=unf ( c ) rsdK;rsdK; ( 7 )ESpf ( 78 ) udkxGef;jrifhatmif ( 4 )ESpf 'kwd,ESpf/ *k%fxl;wef; ( yx0D )/ &efukefwuUodkvf/ ewfpifvrf;/ =unfhjrifwdkif+rdK@e,f ( 79 ) udkeDudkOD; ( 4 )ESpf txufwef;ausmif;om;/ wmarG+rdK@e,f ( 80 ) udkcifarmifxGef; ( c ) udku|d/ 5 ( C ) ( 5 )ESpf 'kwd,ESpf/ &efukefwuUodkvf/ }udK@ukef;/ tif;pdef+rdK@e,f/ &efukef+rdK@e,f/ ( 81) udkrsdK;atmif ( 3 )ESpf 'kwd,ESpf/ ta0;oifwuUodkvf ( 82 ) udkarmifarmifat; ( 6 )ESpf tvkyform;or*~ ( 83 ) udkrdk;atmif ( 6 )ESpf usL&Sifq&m/ prf;acsmif;+rdK@e,f/ &efukef+rdK@ ( 84 ) udkapmausmf+idrf; ( 5 )ESpf tvHk+rdK@e,f/ &efukef+rdK@ ( 85 ) udkaomif;aiG ( 3 )ESpf txufwef;ausmif;om;/ r*Fvm'Hk+rdK@e,f ( 86 ) udkEdkifrGef ( 5 )ESpf enf;jy/ '\eduaA'/ &efukefwuUodkvf/ rGefjynfe,f ( 87 ) udkbdkbdkxGef; ( bdkbdkxGef;- &kyfjy ) ( 4 )ESpf awmifOuUvmy+rdK@e,f ( 88 ) udk&JrGef ( 3 )ESpf txufwef;ausmif;om;/ urm&Gwf+rdK@e,f ( 89 ) udkxdef0if;atmif ( 4 )ESpf ae0if;ESif;qD pmtkyfqdkif/ tif;pdef+rdK@e,f ( 90 ) udkpdk;jrwf ( 13 )ESpf tvHk+rdK@e,f/ &efukefwdkif; ( 91 ) OD;avmt,f ( EdkifiHawmfykefuefr_ ) woufwu|ef; u&iftrsdK;om; tpnf;t&Hk; ( autef,l ) ( 92 ) OD;bifqif ( EdkifiHawmfykefuefr_ ) woufwu|ef; u&iftrsdK;om;tpnf;t&Hk; ( autef,l )

( 93) udkxl;*G,f ( EdkifiHawmfykefuefr_ ) woufwu|ef; u&iftrsdK;om;tpnf;t&Hk;/ (autef,l ) ( 94 ) udkaus;awm ( EdkifiHawmfykefuefr_ ) woufwu|ef; u&iftrsdK;om;tpnf;t&Hk; ( autef,l ) ( 95 ) udkcsdKav; ( EdkifiHawmfykefuefr_) woufwu|ef; u&iftrsdK;om;tpnf;t&Hk; ( autef,l ) ( 96 ) OD;z'dk oef;vS ( Adkvf}uD; ) ( EdkifiHawmfykefuefr_ ) woufwu|ef; u&iftrsdK;om;tpnf;t&Hk; ( autef,l ) ( 97 ) OD;aomrwfpf ( EdkifiHawmfykefuefr_ ) woufwu|ef; u&iftrsdK;om;tpnf;t&Hk; ( autef,l ) ( 98 ) OD;ref;!Gef@ ( EdkifiHawmf ykefuefr_ ) woufwu|ef; u&iftrsdK;om;tpnf;t&Hk; ( autef,l ) ( 99 ) qmxl;apm ( EdkifiHawmfykefuefr_ ) woufwu|ef; u&iftrsdK;om;tpnf;t&Hk; ( autef,l ) ( 100 ) udkwifjrifh ( EdkifiHawmfykefuefr_ ) woufwu|ef; u&iftrsdK;om;tpnf;t&Hk; ( autef,l ) usaemftck azmfjycJhwJh axmifajymif;EdkifiHa&; tusOf;om;awGxJrSm usaemftygt0if pkpkaygif; ( 100 )[m jy\emaygif; ajrmufjrm;pGmeJ@ &ifqdkif&r,fh aemufxyftEW&m,f }uD;rm;vSwJh i&Jcef;wpfckqDudk OD;wnfoGm;ae&rSef; axmiftm%mydkifawGuvGJvdk@ b,folrS rodEdkifawmhyg? ( c ) o&ufaxmif toGm; vrf;c&D;rSm usaemfwdk@ EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awG[m &JuwifaqmifvmwJh um;ESpfpD;eJ@ tif;pdefblwmudk a&mufwJhtcgrSm jynfzufudkoGm;rJh &xm;udk apmifh&ygw,f? axmiftm%mydkifawGu usaemfwdk@EdkifiHa&; tusOf;om;awGudk axmifajymif;wm b,folrSrodatmif wdk;wdk;wdwfwdwf jyKvkyfwma=umifh 'Dvdkaxmifajymif;wJh udpPudk jyifyu jynfolawG wenf;enf;eJ@ od&atmif vrf;ay:rSm oGm;vmae=uwJh aps;oGm;aps;vm/ &kH;oGm;&Hk;vmawGudk “ usaemfwdk@awG EdkifiHa&;tusOf;orm;awGyg ” vdk@ ajymygw,f? “ usaemfwdk@udk 'Dtif;pdefaxmifuae e,faxmifwpfckudk ajymif;xm;zdk@ a&GŒae=uygw,f ” vdk@ajymjy=uayrJhvnf; u|efawmfwdk@ toHawGudk =um;vdk@vSnfh=unfhoGm;wJh olawG&Sdovdk/ r,HkouFm rsufvHk;awGeJh=unfh=uwJh olawGvnf;&Sdygw,f? usaemfwdk@awGudk &mZ0wfom;awGvdk qHyifawGudk &kyfysufqif;ysuf !Syfxm;wm/ pkwfjywfaewJh usaemfwdk@udk=unfh+yD; 'gawG[m EdkifiHa&;tusOf;orm;awGyg qdkwm ,Hk=unfoGm;Edkifzdk@ cufcJr,fqdkwm odvdkufygw,f? “ oem;=uygw,f? bmawGvdktyfvJ ” vdk@ar;+yD;vma&muf vmay; ESpfodrfhwJh olawG&Sdovdk/ “ [m/ 'D&kyfawGvm; EdkifiHa&;orm;/ b,fuolcdk;/ vlqdk;awGvJrodygbl; ” qdkwJhpum;vHk;awGudk cyf=urf;=urf;av; &ifqdkif&ygw,f? bmyJajymajym usaemfwdk@&Jh tay:,Hudk =unfh+yD; tajctaeudk rodEdkifwJholawGudk em;vnfygw,f? olwdk@ajymor# cGifhv$wf&rSmygyJ? jynfzufudkoGm; usaemfwdk@pD;&r,fh &xm;a&mufvmawmh usaemfwdk@tm;vHk; &xm;ay:udkwuf&ygw,f? usaemfwdk@pD;&r,fh twGJudk oD;oef@tjzpf ( 2 ) wGJcGJxm;+yD; &xm;&J@=urf;jyifay:rSmyJ 'Dtwdkif;xdkif&ygw,f? &xm;&Jh jywif;aygufeJ@ usaemfwdk@ tcsKyfcef; oHZumawG=um;rSm vloGm;vrf;av;wpfck&Sd+yD; tJ'Dae&mrSm tapmifh&Ju apmifhygw,f?

“ rif;wdk@tcef;xJrSm bmvkyfvkyf&w,f/ xGufrajy;&if+yD;a&m xGufajy;zdk@awmh r}udK;pm;eJ@ 'D&xm;vrf; wpfav#muf =unf;/ a&/ av yl;aygif;ppfqifa&;awG&SSdw,f ” vdk@ tapmifhuajymygw,f? 'Dawmhvnf; usaemfwdk@u vGwfvGwfvyfvyfeJh EdkifiHa&;oDcsif;awG/ ausmif;om;or*~ oDcsif;awGudk atmfqdk=uygw,f? reuf ( 7 )em&DrSm tif;pdefblwmuae &xm;bD; pvdrfhygawmhw,f? &xm;[m jynfpmydk@&xm; jzpfwma=umifh blwmpOfwdkif;rSm &yfygw,f? 'Dawmh usaemfwdk@awG uvnf; blwmawGrSm&yfwdkif; usaemfwdk@eJ@ odu|rf;olawG &Sdrvm;vdk@ awG@Edk;/ awG@Edk;eJ@ &Sm=uygw,f? usaemfwdk@awGu ta,muf ( 100 ) awmif&Sdwmrdk@ todtu|rf;uawmh wpfOD;wpfav awG@Edkifr,fqdkwJh ar#mfvifhcsuf}uD;}uD; xm;rdygw,f? uHaumif;csifawmh wdkuf}uD;blwm ta&mufrSm o&ufaxmifuae EdkifiHa&;tr_eJh axmifu vGwfvm+yD; aps;vdkufa&mif;aewJh olawGeJ@ awG@ygw,f? olwdk@awG[m tif;pdefaxmifrSm aecJh+yD; o&ufaxmifudk ajymif;a&$ŒcH&olawGjzpf+yD; tckaxmifuvGwfum blwmrSm aps;vdkufa&mif; aewm jzpfygw,f? olwdk@eJ@awG@awmh tultnD tenf;i,f&ygw,f? usaemfwdk@awG axmifjymif;a&$ŒcH&wJhudpP oufqdkif&mrdbawGudk owif;ydk@ay;zdk@ udkvnf; tultnDay;cJhygw,f? usaemfwdk@awGpm;zdk@ uGrf;,mawGeJ@/ aq;ayghvdyfawGudk wGJtwGif; vufvSrf;rSD&m oGif;ay;ygw,f? usaemfwdk@&xm; wdkuf}uD;blwmuxGufawmh 0r;fenf;a=uuGJaewJh rsufESmeJh vufjyE_wfquf&if; blwmrSm usefcJhygw,f? ( usaemfwdk@udk ulnDDcJholwpfa,mufu wdkuf}uD;u udkoufOD;vdk@ xifygw,f? usaemfhemrnf odyfrrSwfrdawmhyg? ) wdkuf}uD;upxGufvmuwnf;u blwmwdkif;rSm &xm;u&yfayr,fh aemufxyf todtu|rf; wpfa,mufrS xyfrawG@awmhyg? naeapmif;a&mufawmh &xm;[m aygif;wnfem; eD;vmygw,f? aygif;wnfblwmem; eD;vmavav/ &JabmfawGxJu vlawGcyfv_yfv_yf jzpfvmwma=umifh pHkprf;=unfhawmh usaemfwdk@ axmifajymif;tkyfpkxJrSm ewWvif;+rDK@u ausmif;om;acgif;aqmifwpfOD;jzpfwJh +zdK;a00if; ( &lyaA'/ wwd,ESpf ) ygvmvdk@jzpfygw,f? ol@udk udkoufcdkif ( BCP )twGJu a'gufwm armfZifwdk@eJ@ tr_wGJ+yD; axmifusvmwm jzpfygw,f? tck &xm;u aygif;wnf +yD;&if ewWvif;jzpfwJh ol@Zmwdudka&mufrSmrdk@ ewWvif;a&muf&if ol@&J@todrdwfaqG wpfOD;wpfav awG@vkdawG@jim;&SmazG=uzdk@ tm;vHk;u pdwftm;xufoefae=uwm jzpfygw,f? ewWvif;blwmudk a&mufawmh uHtm;av#mfpGmbJ blwm&Hkem;rSm jcif;cwfaewJh +zdK;a00if;&JŒ oli,fcsif;awGudk awG@vdk@ atmf[pf tultnD awmif;vdkufygw,f? ta=umif;pHkudk aoaocsmcsm &Sif;jyvdkufwma=umifh ol@&JŒoli,fcsif;u +zdK;a00if;tdrfudk rSDvdkrSDjim; ajy;+yD; ta=umif;=um; vdkufygw,f? tm;vHk;u olwdk@tdrfu tdrfom;awG blwmudk a&mufvmr,fh tcsdefudk apmihfar#mfaewJh tcsdefrSmyJ &xm;u bD;pvdrfhae+yD; jzpfygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm +zdK;a00if;&Jh tdrfuvlawG tm;vJHk;eD;yg; blwm&Hkudk ajy;v$m; a&muf&Sd vmygw,f? &xm;u ewWvif;uxGufcGmzdk@ t&Sdef,laecsdefrSmyJ jynfzufu &xm;wpfpif; 0ifvmaewma=umifh tvHcsdK;xm;vdk@ usaemfwdk@&xm;[m ewWvif;blwmudk jyefqkwfvdkufygw,f? jynf&xm;udk vrf;ay;zdk@twGuf blwmrSm apmifhzdk@tcsdef&wma=umifh +zdK;a00if;wpfa,muf ol@tareJ@ ol@tdrfu vlawG tm;vHk; eDyg;eJ@ pum;ajymvdkuf&ygw,f? c%t=umrSm &xm;[m blwmu xGufzdk@jyifqifaeygw,f? &xm;bD;tvdrf@rSm ol@tar/ ol@ta':eJ@ oli,fcsif;awGu idk+yD; E_wfquf=uygw,f? +zdK;a00if;&Jh tar[m &xm;bD;eJ@t+ydKkif p}uFefwpfav#muf ajy;vdkuf+yD; ol@om;udk E_wfqufygw,f? &xm;wGJ&Jh wHcg;abmifudk qkwfudkif+yD; om;udkwzGzG rSm=um;aeygw,f? ol@tar[m pdwfrxdef;EdkifyJ &xm;wGJudkrSD+yD; ol@om;kudk=unfhkum idkaºuG;ygawmhw,f? &xm;[m t&Sdeftenf;i,f &vmae+yD; jzpfvdk@ +zdK;a00if;u

“tar. . . om;udkpdwfcsyg/ tar'kuQa&mufr,f/ aecJhyg/ rvdkufeJ@awmh tar&,f/ om;udkpdwfcsyg” vdk@ajymawmhrS ol@tar[m &xm;abmifudk vufuv$wf+yD; usefaecJhygw,f? usaemfwdk@tm;vHk;[m usefcJhwJh ol@tarudkpdkuf=unfh&if; udk,fhtarawGudk toD;oD; jyef+yD; owd&rd oGm;=uvdk@ &xm;wGJ}uD; wpfckvHk; wdwfqdwf+idrfouf oGm;ygw,f? usaemfwdk@tm;vHk;&Jh rdbawGvnf; 'DvdkcHpm;=urSmudk awG;+yD; acgif;awG rodrom iHk@xm;=uygw,f? tif;pdefblwmu pxGufvmuwnf;u wpfvrf;vHk;qlnHvmcJhwJh usaemfwdk@ &xm;wGJ}uD;[m ewWvif;blwmtausmfrSmawmh pum;oHawG wdwfqdwfoGm;=uwm jynfblwma&mufwJh txdygyJ? jynfblwm a&mufawmh tawmfudk arSmifae+yD; jzpfygw,f? rD;vHk;rygwJh &xm;rdk@ tjyifudk=unfh&wm awmfawmfudk'kuQa&mufygw,f? jynfblwmudk a&mufwJhtcgrSm blwmxJrSm vlawGtrsm;}uD; pnfum;aewmudk awG@vdkuf&ygw,f? vlawGbmha=umifh 'Davmuf pnfum;ae&vJvdk@ pOf;pm;aewkef;rSm blwm&Jh tjyifzufudka&mufawmh bk&m;yGJaps;wef;eJ@ wdk;awmhrS (3)ESpfwpfcgusif;ywJh jynfqHawmf&Sifbk&m; vSnfhvnf ylaZmfcHaewmudk awG@&ygw,f? bk&m;yGJaps;a=umifh jynfblwmrSm vlawGjynfhusyfaewm jzpfygw,f? usaemfwdk@awGudk jynfblwm&Hkuae jynfaxmifudk ac:oGm;wJhtcg tcsKyfum; tvHktavmuf r&Sdwma=umifh tcsKyfum;(2) um;xJudk vl(100) ¹yGwfodyf=uyf!Syfaeatmif xnfhwifygawmhw,f? usaemfwdk@awGu 'DavmufvlawG trsm;}uD;eJ@ tcsKyfum;rqef@wma=umifh tukefvHk; romay:oGm;Edkifwma=umifh aemufxyf um;wpfpD; ac:ay; / rac:ay;ygu rvdkufEdkifbl;vdk@ awmif;qdkygw,f? 'geJ@olwdk@u usaemfwdk@udk awmif;yef+yD; blwmeJ@axmif[m ra0;vSa=umif;/ tjrefqHk; a&mufatmif armif;ay;yghr,fvdk@ ajymjyygw,f? usaemfwdk@vnf; nzuf}uD; jzpfaewma=umifh taxGtxl; odyfrajymawmhyJ wpfa,muftay: wpfa,mufxyf+yD; jynfaxmifudk vdkufygvmcJh&ygw,f? ta&;tcif;wkef;u 'DvdkyJum;xJrSm vlawG tpkvdkuft+yHKvdkuf ydwfwifo,faqmifwma=umifh “odrfjzLukef;” jzpfwJhudpPvdk touf&_r0vdk@ vlawG aoukefwmawGudk =um;zl;wma=umifh usaemfwdk@ tm;vHk;vnf; vef@jzef@aeygw,f? wpfcgrS rcHpm;zl;awmh 'Dtcgigwdk@ tvSnfhrsm;vm;qdk+yD; pdk;&drfa=umifh=updwfawGeJ@ vdkufygvmcJh=uygw,f? tcsKyfum;xJrSm c%av; ae&Hk&Sdygao;w,f? touf&_awG =uyf+yD; ac|;ap;awG xGufvmygawmhw,f? touf&_r&wma=umifh um;ay:rSm rl;wJhol/ tefwJholawG uvnf; tef=u/ rl;armf=u jzpfukefygawmhw,f? um;armif;orm;uvnf; ajymwJhtwdkif; t&Sdefukef jynfaxmifudk armif;ESifay;ygw,f? wpfvrf;vHk; tcsKyfum;xJrSm iydodyf/ ig;csOfodyfeJ@ jynfaxmifudka&mufonftxd vdkufygcJh&ygawmhw,f? jynfaxmifudk a&mufonfhtcgrSmawmh axmiftwGif;u taqmifwpfckwnf;rSm usaemfwdk@tm;vHk;udk tay:xyf/ atmufxyfae&m csay;ygw,f? jynfaxmifxJudk 0if&wJhtcgrSm tjyifzufrSm &moDOwku awmfawmfav;udk at;aeyg+yD? tJ'D wpfnudk jynfaxmifrSmyJ ukefqHk;vdkuf+yD; aemufwpfae@ reuftapm}uD; o&uf+rdK@udk c&D;qufzdk@twGuf oabFmqdyfudk xGufvm&ygw,f? jynfoabFmqdyfudk a&mufawmh oabFmxGuf&uf r[kwfwma=umifh jynfaxmifudk jyefvm&jyefygw,f? jynfaxmif[m jrefrmEdkifiHtusOf;axmifawGxJrSm “*” tqifhom&SdwJh tusOf;axmif wpfck jzpfygw,f? axmifudk ywfywfvnfrSm um&Hxm;wJh tkwf&dk ;uvnf; tif;pdefaxmifeJ@pm&if tawmfav; edrf@wmudk awG@&ygw,f?

(*)[if;aumif;vdk@ xrif;awmif;wm aemufwpfae@jzpfwJh Edk0ifbmv(25)&ufrSmawmh aqmif;tat;'%f csrf;csrf;pD;pD;}uD;atmufrSm o&ufaxmifudk qufoGm;zdk@twGuf jynfoabFmqdyfudk qif;&ygw,f? oabFmqdyfa&mufawmh usaemfwdk@tm;vHk; at;vGef;vdk@ cdkufcdkufwkefatmif csrf;ae=uygw,f? oabFmay:wufwJhtcgrSm usaemfwdk@ o&ufaxmifydk@zdk@ wm0ef,lxm;wJh &JawGu oabFm&Jh tay:xyfOD;ydkif;rSm pk+yD;ae&mcsay;ygw,f? tnmqefoabFm}uD;eJ@ o&uf+rdK@udk wpfaeukefeD;yg; oabFmpD;&ygw,f? a&qefudk ckwfarmif;aewma=umifh oabFmuaES;aES;yJ armif;aeygw,f? usaemfwdk@ axmifajymif;tkyfpkawG[m teD;tem;u c&D;onfawGeJ@ pum;vufqHkusoGm;+yD; wpfa,mufta=umif; wpfa,muf ajym=uygw,f? usaemfwdk@ tjzpfawGudk odoGm;wJhtcgrSm c&D;onfawGpdwfraumif; jzpfoGm;=u+yD; wpfcsdK@u rsuf&nfawGus=uygw,f? o&ufqdyfurf;udk naeydkif;avmufrSm uyfawmh o&ufaxmifu 0efxrf;awGu vufeuftjynfhtpHkeJ@ usaemfwdk@udk vmapmifhaeygw,f? aqmif;wGif;jzpfwma=umifh oabFmu urf;rSm uyfvdk@r&wma=umifh a&v,faumifem; ra&mufwa&mufavmufrSm &yfwef@&ygw,f? usaemfwdk@ tusOf;om;awG[m aeuswJhtcsdefrSm &Snfv#m;vSwJh oJaomifjyif}uD;udk udk,fhtxkyfudkqGJ+yD; (45) rdepfavmuf jzwf+yD; o&ufurf;ay: jzwfav#muf&ygw,f? ukef;jrifhwpfckay:a&muf oGm;wJhtcgrSm tusOf;OD;pD;Xmeydkif &drf;*sm;um;}uD;eJ@ usaemfwdk@ ta,muf(100) udkwifaqmif+yD; o&ufaxmifudkydk@ =uygawmhw,f? o&ufaxmifudk a&mufwJhtcgrSm usaemfwdk@ tm;vHk;udk axmifAl;0rSm wvmpDygawmhw,f? wvmpD+yD;wJhtcgrSm axmifxHk;pHt& axmift0ifrSm yHkpHcsdK;w,fqdkwJh pum;vHk;twdkif; wpfbkef;bkef;eJ@ &dkufESufygawmhw,f? rSwfyHkwif pm&if;ay;wJhtcg toHwdk;vdk@qdk+yD; wpfrsdK;/ yHkpHrusvdk@ qdk+yD;tjypf&Sm &dkufESufjyefygw,f? axmiftuFsD&ifbwfydkif;rSm tjyma&mift0wfpwpfpudk uyfxm;wJh (12) rSwf&u usaemfwdk@udk &dkufESufwmjzpf+yD; ol@emrnfu iSuf&dk; jzpfygw,f? usaemfwdk@ tm;vHk;udk&dkufESuf+yD;awmh (1)aqmif&Jh tcef;wpfcef;xJrSm tm;vHk;udk ae&mcsay;ygw,f? tjcm;tcef;awGjzpfwJh (2)cef;eJ@ (3) cef;u &mZ0wfom; tusOf;orm;awGudk taqmif(2)eJ@ taqmif(4)udk cGJ+yD;ydk@vdkufygw,f? usaemfwdk@ta,muf(100) vHk;udk oD;oef@xm;&Sd+yD; taqmifrSm&SdwJh wHcg;awGtm;vHk;udk oHjym;awGeJ@ ydwfvdkufygw,f? usaemfwdk@taqmif&Jh axmifr_;u jrifhoef;qdkoljzpf+yD; tcef;vl}uD;(2) a,mufuawmh iSuf&dk;/ OD;atmif}uD;qdkwJh &mZ0wfom;awGudk cef@xm;ygw,f? iSuf&dk;eJ@ atmif}uD;wdk@[m e0w0efxrf;awG rsufESmomay;&if ay;ovdk/ rvdk&if rvdkovdk usaemfwdk@ EdkifiHa&; tusOf;om;awGtay: w&m;vufvGwf qufqHwwfygw,f? tjypfudk t+rJvdk &SmazGae+yD; wbkef;bkef;jrnfatmif &dkufESufwwfygw,f? 'gha=umifh usaemfwdk@uvnf; olwdk@(2)a,mufudk owdxm;+yD; ae&ygw,f? o&ufaxmifudka&mufwm (1)v&SdwJhtcgrSm wpfaqmifwnf;rSm &Sdae=uwJh usaemfwdk@ EdkifiHa&; tusOf;orm;awGudk vlcGJypfzdk@ o&ufaxmiftm%mydkifawGu }uHpnf=uygawmhw,f? axmifydkifeJ@ taygif;tyg wpfpkwdk@[m aumufuspfwJht}uHtpnfawGeJ@ pwifv_yf&Sm;ygw,f? tif;pdefaxmifxuf xl;jcm;wm wpfckuawmh jrefrmjynftv,fydkif;a'ou o&ufaxmifrSm taqmifwdkif; a&wGif;awG&Sdygw,f? tusOf;om;awG a&wGif;xJua&udk udk,fhtwGufudk iif,l&ygw,f? wpf&ufrSm usaemfwdk@taqmif&Jh axmifr_;jrifhodef;eJ@ (12) rSwf& iSuf&dk;wdk@[m o&ufaxmifrSm a&udk udk,fhzmomudkiifr,l&yJ a&udkoufoufomomeJ@ toHk;jyKEdkifatmifqdk+yD; usaemfwdk@ta,muf(100) pDu a&pkyfpufv_'gef;zdk@ tv_cHygw,f? usaemfwdk@awG&Jh rdom;pkawG axmif0ifpmvmawG@wJhtcg aiGudkrSm+yD;

axmifAl;0rSm aiGudk tyfxm;&efeJ@ tJ'Da&pkyfpufrSm 5(n) rsm;aumif;r_qdk+yD; urRnf;xdk;ay;r,fvdk@ ajymqdkygw,f? tjyifzufrSm udk,fxludk,fx &Sdayr,fh axmifwGif;rSmyg udk,fxludk,fx&Sdygvm;vdk@ tHhtm;oifh rdygw,f? axmifxJrSm 'DvdkudpPrsdK;udk tm;ray;vdkygbl;? 'gha=umifh usaemfwdk@ axmifajymif;EdkifiHa&; tusOf;orm;awGtm;vHk; a&pkyfpufrv_Edkifa=umif; wnDw!$wfwnf; tajzay;vdkufygw,f? usaemfwdk@ ta=umif;jyefcsufudk vufcH+yD;wJhaemufrSm axmiftm%mydkifawG&Jh vufwkef@jyefcsuf xGufay:vmygw,f? tJ'guawmh a&pkyfpufrv_&if usaemfwdk@ taqmifurdv†mudk rdv†mbkwfu rodrf;awmhyJ usaemfwdk@awGudk udk,fhrdv†mudk,fodrf;zdk@ ta=umif;jyefygw,f? tJ'Dta=umif;jyefcsufeJ@twl rdv†mbkwf twGuf vl(5)a,mufa&G;ay;zdk@ wpfcgwnf;rSm vdkufw,f? o&ufaxmif&Jh yxrqHk;wdkufyGJu p+yD;jzpfvdk@ &ifqdkifzdk@ qHk;jzwfvdkufygw,f? usaemfwdk@u vufrcHEdkifbl;vdk@ xyfta=umif;jyefvdkufwJhtcg usaemfwdk@vl(100)eJ@ axmif0efxrf;awG !dSE_dif;vdk@ r&awmhyJ wif;rmr_awG jzpfvmygw,f? usaemfwdk@ta,muf(100)udk vlpkcGJ+yD; wdkufcef;awG/ tjcm;taqmifawGudk ydk@vdkuf+yD; &mZ0wftusOf;om;awGeJ@pk+yD; xm;vdkufygw,f? (2) aqmifeJ@ (4) aqmifudka&mufoGm;wJh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awG tm;vHk;udk a&qGJavbmtvkyfcsygw,f? o&ufaxmifxJ a&qGJtvkyfqdkwm taqmifrSm&SdwJhawmif,m/ tjyifzufuawmif,m/ rdef;raqmifuaomufa&eJ@ wpfaxmifvHk;oHk;zdk@twGuf a&qGJ&wmjzpfygw,f? &Sdor#vlawGoHk;zdk@twGuf a&qGJ&+yD; a&qGJwJhae&mrSm oHk;wJh pufoD;bD;u opfom;eJ@vkyfxm;wmrdk@ ydk+yD;tm;pdkufqGJ&ygw,f? }udK;awGuvnf; aqG;ajr@aevdk@ r=umc% jywfjywf usygw,f? }udK;topfvJzdk@ axmif0efxrf;awGqDawmif;&if

“aemufwpfcg }udK;jywf&ifxkwfray;bl;? udk,fhydkufqHeJ@udk,f0,f/ r&Sd&if a&rcsdK;=ueJ@ ” qdk+yD; qJqdkygao;w,f? usaemfwdk@ qGJ&wJha&yHk;u uwW&mcGHvdk oHyHk;rsdK;jzpf+yD; a&*gvH(20)avmuf qef@ygw,f? a&wpfqdkif;udk a&wGif;tayguf0rSm a&vS,fay;wJholtygt0if qdk vl(6)a,muf/ (7)a,mufavmuf qGJ&ygw,f? a&wpfqdkif;udk a&yHk;(50)owfrSwf+yD; wpfae@udk usaemfwdk@qGJ&wJh a&yHk;a& ta&twGufu yHk;(900)ausmf&Sdygw,f? a&yHk;(900)xuf b,fawmhrSrenf;wwfygbl;? wpfcgwpfcg 'Dxufawmif ausmfoGm;wwfygw,f? aEG&moD axmifrD;ab;twGuf a&uef}uD; ESpfuefudkvJ tqifoifh jznfhxm;&ygao;w,f? yljyif;vSwJh tv,fydkif;a'o&Jh tyl&SdefatmufrSm t0wfydkif;av;awG +cHK+yD; a&qGJ&ygw,f? ac|;awG/ oHawGeJ@ a&qGJ+yD;vdk@ xrif;pm;&wJhtcsdefa&mufawmh 'kuQwpfrsdK;xyf}uHK&ygw,f? tJ'guawmh xrif;awGxJ oHawG/ cJawGygvmwmyg? wrifrsm;xnfhxm; ovm;rSwf&atmif cJawGyef;uefjym;xJrSm toHaygif;pHk jrnfaewufygw,f? tJ'ga=umifhrdk@ xrif;udka&pdrf+yD; cJawG/ oHawG a&atmuftenfxdkifwJhtcg xrif;udk q,f,l+yD;pm;&ygw,f? tJ'Dtcgusawmh yef;uefxJa&mufvmwJh xrif;u wpf0ufomomyJ&Sdygawmhw,f? xrif;r0wma=umifh usaemfwdk@awG[m tcef;vl}uD; / axmifr_;/ axmifydkifawGudk tqifhqifh wifjy=uygw,f? axmifydkifu aemufwpfae@ &r,fvdk@ajym+yD; aemufwpfae@ usawmh reufydkif;xrif;pm;csdefrSm zdkxJu0efxrf;u xrif;udkcsdefcGifeJ@ owfrSwf+yD; xrif;yHkpH ay;ygawmhw,f? 'grif;wdk@ wifjyvdk@ tusOf;axmifvufpGJpmtkyfxJutwdkif; au|;wmvdk@ajymygw,f? axmifydkif wef;pDwJhtcgrSm tjcm;taqmifu usaemfwdk@ &JabmfawGuvnf; xrif;r0a=umif; wifjyygw,f? tJ'Dtcgaxmifydkifu “5(n)awG xrif;c%c%awmif;aewm zdkwm0efcH apmufoHk;rusvdk@yJ/ yJ[if;udk b,fvdkcsufovJ” vdk@zdkwm0efcH 0efxrf;udkar;ygw,f? zdkwm0efcHuvnf; awmif,murHk!Sif;/ rHkvm atmufut&GufawGudk zJh+yD; yJ[if;xJrSm xnfhau|;ygw,f vdk@jyefav#mufygw,f? axmifydkifu “tJ'grif;wdk@ toHk;rusvdk@ayghuG/ apwemaumif;+yD; yJ[if;xJt&GufawG bmawGxnfheJh [if;udk aumif;atmifcsufawmh xrif;r0bl;qdk+yD; rif;a,mufzawGu awmif;wmaygh? [if;aumif;vdk@

xrif;awmif;wm? aemufae@up+yD; [if;xJudkbm t&GufrSrxnfheJ@? 'Dtwdkif;csuf/ igvm=unfhr,f” vdk@ajymvdkufygw,f? usaemfwdk@ EdkifiHa&; tusOf;orm;awG[m e0w&Jh tusOf;axmifawGxJrSm tusOf;om; wpfa,muf&Jh &ydkifcGifhawGudk tepfemcH+yD; awmif;=u/ wdkufyGJ0ifae=uwkef;ygyJ? ckvdkxrif; r0vdk@ awmif;qdkumrS e*dkurS aumif;aewJh yJ[if;awmif raumif;awmhygbkl;? wpfcsdK@ tusOf;om;awGuqdk 5(n)awG oGm;awmif;vdkufrSyJ &aewJh yJ[if;vnf;ysuf/ xrif;vnf; ydkenf;oGm;awmhw,fqdk+yD; +iD;jiLae=uygw,f? axmifxJrSm axmifpnf;rsOf;t& wpfywfwpfcg tom;[if;eJ@ au|;zdk@ owfrSwfxm;ygw,f? usaemfwdk@awG o&ufaxmifudka&mufawmh wpfcgu tom;[if;pm;&rJhae@rSm tom;rau|;vdk@ axmifydkifudk wifjy=uygao;w,f? tcsdK@ tusOf;om;awGu olwdk@&Jhaxmif0ifpmu e,fta0;u vm&wmrdk@/ axmif0ifpmvm rawG@Edkifwmwdk@ &Sdwma=umifh tJ'D tom;[if;av;udkyJ tm;xm;+yD; pm;ae&wm jzpfygw,f? axmifydkifu e,fpyfa'ozGH@+zdK;a&;twGuf tv_aiG ay;vdkuf&wma=umifh tom;[if; 0,frau|;Edkifbl; vdk@jyefajymygw,f? (C) axmifw&m; pD&ifcef; axmifxJrSm tusOf;axmif 0efxrf;awG[m e0w&JhaxmifwGif; owfrSwfcsuf(22)csufyHkpH ajzqdkwm jzpfygw,f? tJ'Dajzqdkr_rSm usaemfwdk@ taqmifu jrifhoef;u ajzqdkwJ@tcgrSm b,fvdkb,fvdk jy\em jzpfvnf;rodbl;? tvkyfu jyKwfoGm;ygawmhw,f? ol@ae&mudk tpm;xdk; 0ifa&mufvmwJh oluawmh axmifydkif&Jh vuf&Hk;wpfqljzpfwJh 'kwyf=uyf apmavb,fvfqdkol a&mufvmygw,f? wpf&ufrSm usaemfwdk@taqmif(1)&Jh (3)cef;u tcef;vl}uD;vkyfwJh atmif}uD;[m 5(n) tusOf;om; wpfa,mufeJ@ jy\em wufygw,f? ociftm;& u|efyg;0aewJh ( 'DvdkvlrsdK; *syefacwfwkef;u zufqpf tvdkawmf&d vdk@ac:ygw,f) atmif}uD;[m EdkifiHa&;orm;awGtay: b,fvdkyHk !Sif;yrf;ESdyfpuf&rvJ qdkwmudkt+rJ pOf;pm;aeovm; atmufarh&atmifudk usaemfwdk@ 5(n) awGtay: aumufuspfzdk@ }udK;pm; aeygw,f? usaemfwdk@xJu touf(20)cef@avmufom &Sdao;wJh txufwef;ausmif;om; aZmf0if;xGËfwpf a,muf ae@cif;zuf xrif;pm;+yD;vdk@ a&aomufwJhtcgrSm a&cGufxJtenf;i,f usefaeao;wJh a&udk tjyifzufu bm,mwef;udk oGefvdkufygw,f? tJ'gudk e0w tvdkawmf&datmif}uD;u rdef;a*s;vfudk ta=umif;=um;+yD; aZmf0if;xGËf[m ol@toufudkowfzdk@ }uHpnftm;xkwfaew,fvdk@ vDq,f+yD;axmifydkifudk ukef;acsmvdkufygw,f? e0w t+rJwrf;atmfaewJh }uD;wJhtr_ao;ap/ i,fwJhtr_ yaysmufap qdkwJhaqmifyk'f[m e0w&Jh tusOf;axmifxJrSmawmh ajymif;jyef wnfaqmufxm;ovm; xifrdygw,f? aZmf0if;xGËf&Jh rajymyavmufwJh jy\emudk yHk}uD;csJh+yD; wpfpHkwpf&m ppfaq;r_ bmrSrvkyfawmhyJ wdkufxJxnfh xm;vdkufygw,f? +yD;awmh ajcusif;eJ@ a'gufcwfvdkufygw,f? axmif0efxrfawG[m ajcusif;eJ@ a'gufwyfcHxm;&wJh aZmf0ifxGËfudk rdef;a*s;vfudk ac:vm+yD; usefwJh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;orm;awGudk jyygw,f? +yD;awmh usaemfwdk@awGudk pdefac:wJh pum;vHk;awGeJ@ rcHcsdrcHomatmif apmif;ajrmif;ajymqdkygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm jrifhoef;ae&mudk tpm;xdk;0ifa&mufvmwJh apmavb,fvf[m ol@cg;u cg;ywfudk qGJcsvdkufygw,f? usefvufwpfzufu eHywfwkwfudka0S@ ,rf;+yD; rdef;a*s;&Hk;cef;a&SŒrSm &yfaewJhaZmf0if;xGËfudk “rif; crossing wufprf;” vdk@ usefwJh5(n)awGa&SŒrSm cdkif;ygw,f? aZmf0if;xGËfu olcdkif;wJhtwdkif; vHk;0rvkyfygbl;? apmavb,fvfu

“ rif;rwufwufbl;vm;/ 'gqdk 0rf;vsm;arSmufvdkuf/ wufwufoGm;r,f ” “. . . . . . . . . ” “rdausmif;oGm;wm rif;jrifzl;rSmaygh/ 'Dtwdkif;wuf” aZmf0if;xGËfu olajymor# bmwpfcGef;rS jyefrajymygbl;? csufcsif;yJ wkwfeJ@&dkufESufoHawG wAkef;Akef; jrnfoGm;ygw,f? aemufxyf0efxrf; ESpfa,mufu 0if&dkuf+yD;yg;pyfuae qJenf;rsdK;pHkeJ@qJygw,f? rdausmif;wufwufcdkif;oHawG/ aZmf0if;xGËf&Jh jiif;oHawG . . . “'kwf. . 'kwf” “cGyf . . ” “ ajzmif; . . . ” “acG;rom; . . . acgif;rmwJhaumif/ &dkufprf;. . . &dkufprf;” usaemfwdk@awG tm;vHk; a&SŒrSm aZmf0if;xGËfudk acG;&dkuf/ EGm;&dkuf &dkufESufaeygw,f? usaemfwdk@vnf; quf=unfhaezdk@ cGeftm;r&Sdawmhyg? a&qGJwJhtvkyfudk qufvkyfzdk@ tedXm&Hkudk ausmcdkif;vdkufygw,f? usaemfwdk@jrifuGif;rSm r&SdawmhwJhaemufydkif; o&Jr&JpD;rwuf 0dkif;&dkuf=u+yD; zdka&SŒ ta&mufac:oGm;ygw,f? zdka&SŒa&mufawmh 0rf;vsm;xdk;cdkif;+yD; twif;t"rR rdausmif;wuf wufcdkif;ygw,f? aZmf0if;xGËf[m tifrwefudk csD;usL;p&m aumif;avmufwJh ausmif;om;wpfOD; jzpfygw,f? ol[m ol@&JhcH,lcsufudk vHk;0 twdrf;tapmif;rcHyJ tom;emcH+yD; cdkif;or#udk tmcHtefwk oGm;ygw,f? apmavb,fvfwdk@[m aZmf0if;xGËfudk w&Gwfwdkuf qGJac:+yD; wdkufa&SŒudk jyefo,fvmygw,f? wdkufcef;xJudk av;zufaxmuf rdausmif;wuf 0ifcdkif;+yD; olwdk@uaemufuae acG;vdkufqGJovdk &dkufESufjyefygw,f? axmif0efxrf;awG rw&m;&dkufESufwmudk rcHEdkifawmhvdk@ ab;uae 0ifa&muf ajymqdkwJh olawG udkvnf; wdkufxJoGif;+yD; wdkufydwfvdkufygw,f? wdkufcef;xJudk vlrqefpGma&muf&SdoGm;cJhwJh aZmf0if;xGËfcrsm cE<mudk,fwpfckvHk; jrif&ufp&mr&Sdatmif !dkrnf;ae+yD; &kyfysufqif;ysuf rw&m;vkyfcH&wJh '%f&mawGeJ@ ta&cGHawG pkwfjywfaeygw,f? wpfcsdKŒae&mrSm aoG;awGpdrf@xGufaeygw,f? 'Dta=umif;awGudk tJ'Dwkef;u wdkufxJrSm&SdaewJh udk0if;EdkifOD;(,ck-DVBY wm0ef xrf;aqmif aeol) wpfa,muf aumif;aumif;odygw,f?

tcef;(11) axmif0ifpm wdkufyGJ o&ufaxmifudk a&mufvmwJh tusOf;om;rSefor# a&qGJwJhtvkyfudk t&ifOD;qHk; vkyf&w,fvdk@ ajym=uygw,f? usaemfwdk@vnf; a&mufumprdk@ tajctaeawGudk taotcsm rodao;wma=umifh onf;cHae+yD; ae@wdkif;tnmae ylyljcpfjcpfatmufrSm a&yHk;aygif;(900)ausmfudk qGJaevdkufygw,f? (4)vausmf (5)v a&mufwJhtxd a&qGJavbmrSm &SdaewJh usaemfwdk@ 5(n)awGudk tjcm; tvkyf bkwf ajymif;ray;ygbl;? usaemfwdk@taqmifu taqmifr_;udk wifjyawmh “rif;wdk@tr_awGu tjyifxGuf+yD; vkyfvdk@&wJh tvkyfr[kwfbl;? 'gha=umifh axmifxJua&qGJ avbmcsay;wmuG ” vdk@jyefajymygw,f? trSefwu,fawmh olwdk@awG[m 5(n)om; wdkuf&dkuf rpm;&vdk@ oG,f0dkuf pm;ae=u+yD; }udwf0rf;omaewJh aumifawGrSef; odomygw,f? a&qGJavbmrSm usaemfwdk@ EdkifiHa&; tr_awGxJrSm wcgwav &mZ0wftusOf;om;(1) OD;/ (2) OD;ygwwfygw,f? usefwmawGuawmh xHk;pHtwdkif; 5(n)awGygyJ? rsufpdvnf vrf;rSm;jyD; a&qGJavbmudk a&mufvmwufwJh &mZ0wftusOf;om; qdkwmuvnf; jypf'%fwpfckudk usL;vGefrdvdk@ wpfywfwefonf jzpfap/ ESpfywfwefonfjzpfap a&qGJzdk@usvm wwfwmrsdK;yJ jzpfygw,f? jrefrmjynftv,fydkif;&Jh jcpfjcpfawmufaewJh aeyl&SdefatmufrSm usaemfwdk@ EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awG tuFsDvuf&Snf0wf/ ykqdk;ydkif;awGudk acgif;rSm aygif;+yD; ac|'D;'D;usatmif a&qGJcJhygw,f? a&qGJ&if;0wfwJh usaemfwdk@&Jh Zifom;vuf&Snf tuFsDawG[m ac|;eJ@ aqG;ajrŒ+yD; pkwf+yJwJhtqifhudk awmifa&mufaeygw,f? axmifxJrSm axmifvufpGJ Oya't& (3)vwpfcg yHkpHtuFsDxkwfay;&r,fvdk@ owfrSwfxm;ayr,fh usaemfo&ufaxmifu vGwfwJhtxd o&ufaxmifrSm axmifyHkpH0wfpHk wpfpHkrS r&bl;yg? o&ufaxmif[m usaemfwdk@vdk EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awG axmifwGif; tusOf;om;wpfa,muf &ydkifcGifh&SdwJh t&mawGudk awmif;qdkayr,fhvnf; axmiftm%mydkifawG&Jh tajzuawmh wkwfeJ@&dkuf/ jypf'%f cwfvdkufwmygyJ? ajyvnfatmif ajz&Sif;ay;wmawGr&Sdygbl;? usaemfwdk@ EdkifiHa&;. tusOf;orm;awGudk rSa&G;+yD; }udKwifpDrHr_eJ@ w&m;vufv$wfjyK vkyfaeygw,f? 'DvdkjyKvkyfaewmudk tjyifuvlawG/ tusOf;om;awG&Jh oufqdkif&m rdbawGqD owif;rayguf=um;&atmif axmif0ifpmawG@wJht cgrSm wif;=uyfr_awG jyKvkyfygawmhw,f? EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awG axmif0ifpmawG@wJhtcgrSm tem;uae 0efxrf;awG(2)OD;avmuf apmifhaeygw,f? axmif0ifpm awG@aewJhtcsdefrSm EdkifiHa&;ta=umif;/ axmifxJu tajctae ta=umif; ajymrd&if axmif0ifpmudk csufcsif;&yfpJypfygw,f? tJ'Dtjyif axmifxJrSm 5(n)wpfOD;OD;u wifjyr_awG/ qifhuJqifhuJ ar;cGef;xkwfr_awG/ vkyfvmvdk@&Sd&ifvnf; axmif0ifpmudk =uyfwnf;wJh pnf;urf; trdef@awG xkwf+yD; t=uyfjyefudkifwwfygao;w,f? &efukefuaeusaemfwdk@ qDvmwJh rdom;pkawGtzdk@ jrefrmjynftv,fydkif;u o&uf+rdK@udk ESpfywf wpfcg vmawG@zdk@qdkwm rjzpfEdkifygbl;? rdbawGu aiGa=u;wwfEdkifwJh olawGjzpf&ifawmifrS c&D;=urf;vGef;vSwJh ae&mwpfckudk yifyef;vGef;wma=umifh rvmEdkifygbl;? yHkrSef wpfvwpfcgudkawmif tEdkifEdkifvmawG@ ae&wmjzpfygw,f? 'Dvdkawmfwef&Hk rvG,fulvSwJh axmif0ifpmav;udk axmiftm%mydkifawGu uef@owfr_awG jyKvkyfvmygawmhw,f? 'Dae&mrSm axmif0ifpmudpPeJ@ yufouf+yD; o&ufaxmiftwGif; wdkufyGJESpf}udrf wdkufcJh&wmudk wifjyvdkygw,f?

wpf}udrfuawmh usaemfudk,fwdkif ajymjywmxuf tJ'DwdkufyGJudk udk,fwdkifwdkufcJhwJh um,uH&Sifu ajymwm ydk+yD;wduscdkifrmwma=umifh 'Dae&mrSm azmfjyvdkufygw,f? 1988-Auo/ tm%modrf;+yD;awmh trsdK;om;'Drdkua&pD tzGJ@csKyfrSm urm&Gwf+rdK@e,f vli,fqufoG,fa&; wm0efcHtjzpf v_yf&Sm;cJhonf? 1989 azazmf0g&Dv vl@abmifopfygwDodk@ 0ifa&muf+yD; urm&Gwf+rdK@e,f pnf;&Hk;a&;r_;wm0ef,l xrf;aqmifcJhonf? 1989 {+yDv ABSDF ajrmufydkif; wyf&if;(701)odk@awmcdkcJh+yD; 1989 pufwifbmvrSm rlq,f/ r0w&Hk;okd@owif;ykd@I tm%mykdifrsm;rS rdbrsm;xHokd@ StyfESHcJhonf? 1989 Edk0ifbmvrSm Auo jyefvnfzGJ@pnf;a&; aumfrwDrSm wm0ef,lcJhonf? 1990arvY Auorsm;tzGJ@csKyf ( atmufArmjynf ) Y 0ifa&muf wm0efxrf;aqmifcJhonf? 1991 arvY ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;. zrf;qD;r_tm;cH&+yD; yk'fr 5 (n) jzifh axmif'%f(6)ESpf tif;pdefaxmifY uscHcJh&onf? 1995 =o*kwfv o&ufaxmifrS jyefvnfvGwfajrmufvm+yD; Auorsm;tzGJ@csKyf (atmufArmjynf) A[dk pnf;&Hk;a&;aumfrwDY qufvufwm0ef,lcJhonf? 1996 'DZifbm ausmif;om;v_yf&Sm;r_wGif yg0ifcJhr_a=umifh ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;. vdkufvHzrf;qD; ojzifh 1997 azazmf0g&DvrSm xdkif;jrefrme,fpyfodk@ qkwfcGm wdrf;a&SmifcJhonf? xdk@aemuf vGwfajrmufe,fajrokd@ ajymif;a&G@vmaom vl@abmifopf'Drdku&ufwpfygwDY wm0efxrf;aqmifcJhonf? 1988 =o*kwfvY Auorsm;tzGJ@csKyf/ EdkifiHjcm;a&;&m aumfrwDwGif tckcsdefxd wm0efxrf;aqmifaeqJ jzpfonf? 1999 'DZifbmvY EdkifiHa&; tusOf;om;rsm;ulnDapmifha&Smufa&; toif;( jrefrmEdkifiH )Yvnf; yg0ifaqmif&Gufae+yD; jrefrmjynf 'Drdkua&pDa&;twGuf wufºuGpGm v_yf&Sm;aqmif&Guf aeqJjzpfonf? 1992 ckESpf arvxJrSm b,fvdkjzpfvJqdkawmh usaemfwdk@taqmif(4) rSm xrif;pm;&wmr0bl;? vHkavmufatmifvnf; ray;wJhtwGuf taqmifr_;wyf=uyf bdkuHudk wifjyygw,f? taqmifr_;u zdkwm0efcHatmifpdk;udk xrif;tydkay;zdk@ ajymw,f? 'gayr,fh atmifpdk;u xrif;tydk ray;Edkifbl;qdk+yD; jyefoGm;ygw,f? tJ'gudk5(n)awGu rauseyf=uvdk@ rdef;a*s;vfaxmifr_; ausmfqef;OD;udk oGm;wdkifw,f? rdef;a*s;vf axmifr_;u 'DudpPudkrajz&Sif;ay;yJ axmifydkifudkwifjyygw,f? axmifydkifuvnf; 'Davmuf xrif;pm;aumif; aewm [if;aumif;vdk@qdk+yD; axmifxJuyJ[if;vnf; wdwdususvkyf/ axmif0ifpmawGvnf; uef@owfw,f? tdrfurdbawGvnf; e,fa0;u vm&wm yifyef;w,f? axmif0ifpmtxkyf rsm;w,fqdk&if tJ'Daxmif0ifpmawGeJ@ vlawG xrif;pm;aumif;aew,f? pnf;pnf;vHk;vHk; jzpfaew,f? &dk;&dk;omref tusOf;om;awGudkvnf; axmif0ifpmawGeJ pnf;&Hk;aew,f? 'DvdktjrifeJ@ axmif0ifpmudk uef@owfr,fqdk+yD;awmh trdef@xGufvmygw,f? axmif0ifpm uef@owfw,f qdkwJhta=umif;eJ@ oGif;cGifh&wJh ypPnf;pm&if;udk rdef;a*s;vfbkwfrSm a=ujim+yD; uyfygw,f? oGif;cGifhay;wJh ypPnf;u opfoD;qdk&if OyrmiSufaysmoD;qdk&if wpfzD;/ u|JaumoD;qdk&if wpfvHk;/ oHyk&moD;qdk&if (10)vHk;/ o=um;25usyfom;/ iyda=umfwpfxkyf/ tom;a=umfwpfxkyf/ pwJh ypPnf;trsdK;trnf (4) (5) rsdK;cef@yJ yg0ifygw,f? tJ'Dvdktrdef@pm xGufvmawmh yxrwpf&ufrSm yJ(4)aqmifutcef;(2)/ (3)cef;awGrSm&Sd=uwJh 5(n)awG!Sd=uw,f? t"du!Sdwmuawmh trdef@u aom=umae@u xkwfvdkufwmqdkawmh pae/ we*FaEG=um;&ufcHoGm;wma=umifh tcsif;csif;wdkifyifcsdef &oGm;w,f? tjcm;(1)aqmif/(2)aqmifeJ@/ (4)aqmiftm;vHk; 'DudpPudk!Sd=ur,f? yxrOD;qHk; usaemfwdk@ taqmifu !Sd=uwmuawmh tu,fI trdef@a=umfjimcsuf xJrSmygwJh twdkif; axmif0ifpmuef@owf&if r,lbl;/ r,lbJeJ@jyefvmr,f? +yD;&if 'DudpPudk rdrdtdrfawGudk w&m;0ifajymr,f? axmifxJrSm Oya'eJ@ rnD!GwfwmawG vkyfaew,f? 'gha=umifh tusOf;OD;pD;Xme/ +yD;awmh jynfxJa&;0ef}uD;XmeawGqDudk

pmwifcdkif;r,fvdk@ tm;vHk;!SdE_dif;ygw,f? axmif0ifpmvmwJh tcgrSm ajymr,fvdk@? tJ'Dvdk!Sd=uwJh tcg=uawmh (4)aqmifrSm&SdwJh 5(n)awGtukefvHk; oabmwlw,f? vmr,fh wevFmae@up+yD; axmif0ifpm yxrqHk;vmwJholku pwdkuf&r,f? tdrfawGudk rw&m;r_awGudk ajymjy&r,f? tJ'Dvdkaxmif0if pmrSmajymvdk@ t&dkufcH+yD;wdkufydwf&if aemufwpfa,mufu qufwdkuf&r,f? aemufvlawG qufwdkufqufwdkuf 'DwdkufyGJratmifrcsif; usaemfwdk@ vkyf=ur,f vdk@ !dS+yD;(1)aqmifaum/ (2)aqmifudkygowif;ydk@vdkufw,f? wevFmae@usawmh (1)aqmifu udkausmfaxG;xifw,f? olt&if axmif0ifpmoGm;w,f? ol@tdrfu axmif0ifpmenf;vdk@ jy\emrwufyJjyefvmw,f? aemufol+yD;wJhtcgusawmh usaemfwdk@taqmif(4)u usaemft&ifxGuf&ygw,f? xGufoGm;awmh/ xGufoGm;cgeD;rSm taqmifuom;!Gef@OD;wdk@ / AHkwdk wdk@udk !Sdw,faygh? e*dkqHk;jzwfcsuf twdkif;yJ quf+yD;wdkufayghqdk+yD; usaemf xGufvmcJhygw,f? usaemf axmif0ifpm xGufoGm;wJhtcsdefu (12)em&D (15)rdepfavmuf&Sdr,f? axmif0ifpmcef;rSm usaemftdrfeJ@ pum;ajymaewkef; ºuGyfºuGyftdwfeJ@ (3)xkyfavmuf&SdwJh axmif0ifpmypPnf;awGudk 'groGif;&bl;/ 'groGif;&bl;eJ@ z,fvdkufwm wpf0ufavmufawmif r&awmhyJjzpfoGm;w,f? tJ'Dwkef;u axmif0ifpmcef;rSm t&mcHAdkvf OD;ausmf&SdefeJ@ axmifr_;OD;vSat;wkd@ olwdk@ (2)a,muf wm0efusygw,f? axmif0ifpmudk usaemfhtreJ@ tazvmawG@wmyg? axmif0ifpmawG@awmh tpfru “eifwdk@udk axmif0ifpm uef@owfxm;w,fvkd@=um;w,f/ [dk[myJoGif;&r,f/ 'D[myJ oGif;&r,fvdk@ajymw,fwJh/ iguawmhtukef ,lvmcJhw,f? eif,lvdk@&&if ,lxm;vdkufyg”vdk@ajymw,f? usaemfvnf; “at;/ [kwfw,f ”vdk@ajymwkef;yJ&Sdao;w,f oGif;cGifhay;wJh ypPnf;awGudk =unfhvdkufawmh ajcmufyHk wpfyHkavmufyJ usefawmhw,f? usaemfhtpfrvnf; rsufpdrsufESm ysufaew,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm usaemfu “'DypPnf;awG eifwdk@ tukefjyef,loGm;vdkuf ”vdk@ajym+yD; axmifxJrSmuyfxm;wJh pm&if;twdkif; yg;pyfuae &Gwfjyvdkufw,f? tom;qdk&if(25)usyfom;/ iSufaysmoD;qdk&ifwpfzD; ponfjzifh &Gwfjyvdkufw,f? tJ'D&GwfjywJhpm&if;udk tpfrudkvdkuf rSwfcdkif;w,f? +yD;wJhtcg o&ufaxmifrSm wpfvudk wpfcgavmufyJ axmif0ifpmawG@ &wJhtcgrSm tdrfuay;vdkufwJh ypPnf;xJu ig;yda=umf(25)usyfom;udk b,fvdkrS vufrcHEdkifbl;vdk@/ 'DudpPawG[mvJ rw&m;bl;/ tJ'Dawmh 'DudpPawGudk tusOf;OD;pD;Xmeudk wdkifpmydk@ay;yg? wdkifwJhtcg trnf/ rSwfyHkwifeHywfeJ@ aoaocsmcsmwdkifyg? rdwWLudk jynfxJa&; 0ef}uD;Xmeudk ydk@ay;ygvdk@ usaemfhtpfrudk rSmvdkufw,f? 'Dta=umif;awGudk bDbDpD/ ADGtdkat wdk@udkod&atmif/ tjyifrSmusefcJhwJh vkyfazmfudkifzufawGudk ydk@cdkif;ygvdk@ rSmvdkufw,f? usaemfu tpfrudkajymwJhtcgrSm axmifr_;a&SŒrSmwif ajAmifudkajymvdkufwm/ usaemfhtpfrvnf; 'DudpPudk pmeJ@a&;+yD; vdkufrSwfvdkufw,f? axmifr_;uvef@ oGm;+yD; “a[haumif . . rif;'DvdkrajymeJ@”qdk+yD; usaemfhudk axmif0ifpmcef;xJuae xkwfoGm;ygw,f? usaemfhtpfru olvdkufa&;xm;wJh pm&Gufudk ol@&ifzHk;tuFsD=um;xJ xnfhvdkufw,f? 'gudkaxmifr_;u jrifoGm;awmh pm&Gufudktwif; vdkufawmif;w,f? usaemfhtpfru ray;bl;vdk@ajymawmh axmifydkifeJ@ wdkifr,fqdk+yD; tazeJ@ tpfrudk axmifydkif&Hk;cef;xJ ac:oGm;ygw,f? axmif0ifpmtcef;xJrSmawmh usaemfusefcJhw,f? tJ'DrSmwif wkwftoifhudkifxm;wJh axmif0g'g0efxrf; oufxGef;/ udk0if;atmif&,f/ tJ'DESpfa,mufu usaemfhudk apmifhaeygw,f? axmifydkif&Hk;cef;rSmawmh usaemfhtpfreJ@ axmifydkifwdk@ pum;rsm;ae=uygw,f? tawmfjiif;cHk+yD; wJhtcgrSm axmifydkifu !SdE_dif;r_wpfckvkyfygw,f? axmif0ifpmypPnf;awG tukefvHk;xm;cJh/ tukefvHk;ay;r,f? 'gayr,fh wdkifcdkif;wJh[mudkawmh rwdkifygeJ@? aemuf+yD;awmh odrf;xm;wJh &ifzHk;=um;xJupmudk olwdk@udk ay;ygvdk@ ajymygw,f? usaemhtpfruvnf; ray;bl;? usaemfeJ@ vlcsif;xyfawG@csifw,fvdk@ ajymygw,f?

xyfawG@cGifhawmif;w,f/ ypPnf;awGvnf; tukefay;cJhcsifw,fvdk@ vnf;ajymw,f? aemufvlawG udkvnf; uef@owfr_awGrvkyfyJ ypPnf;oGif;cGifhay;zdk@ awmif;qdkw,f? r&ygbl;? axmifydkifu usaemfhtpfrudk wm0ef0wW&m; aESmuf,Sufr_eJ@ w&m;pGJvdk@&r,fqdk+yD; tusyfudkif +cdrf;ajcmufygw,f? usaemfhtpfruvnf; “&SifpGJvdk@ &&ifpGJ/ &Sifwdk@rw&m;vkyfwmudkvnf; usru jyefw&m;pGJr,f ” vdk@ajymaewJh toHawGudk cyfvSrf;vSrf;uae usaemf=um;ae&ygw,f? aemufbmwpfckrS !SdE_dif;r&yJ tpfreJ@taz jyefxGufvm+yD; axmif0ifpmypPnf;awG tukefvHk; jyef,loGm;ygw,f? +yD;wJhtcgrSm axmifydkifu usaemfhudkac:ygw,f? axmifydkif&Hk;cef;xJa&mufawmh axmifydkifu “rif;at;at; aq;aq;wifjyvdk@ &&Jhom;eJ@ rif;bmjzpfvdk@ 'Dvdkvkyf&wmvJ/ axmifydkifwef;pDrSm wifjyvdk@&w,f? rdef;a*s;vfaxmifr_;qDrSm wifjyvdk@&w,f? 'gudk rif;uausmf+yD;awmh tjyifudkwdkifcdkif;zdk@ txJu aevkyfw,fqdkawmh rif;[mtjypf&Sdw,f? Burma jail manual axmifvufpGJ Oya'eJ@ +idw,f? tjypf&SdwJholudk b,fvdkta&;,l&rvJqdkwm rif;odw,fr[kwfvm; ” usaemfuvnf; “axmifOya'twdkif; usaemfhudk wdkufydwfvdk@&w,f/ ajcusif;/ a'gufcwf+yD; aumfpm; jypf'%f ay;vdk@&w,f ” vdk@jyefajzvdkufygw,f? tJ'DrSm axmifykdifu “rif;udk&dkufvdk@&ao;w,f”vdk@ajym+yD; 0kef;ueJx&yfvdkufygw,f? tJ'Dtcsdefu axmifydkifu ,leD azmif;0wfrxm;ygbl;? pGyfus,fav;yJ0wfxm;ygw,f? axmifydkifu “rif;wdk@tay:rSm igoabmxm;}uD;a=umif; jywJhtaeeJ@ rif;wdk@axmif0ifpmawG@ wJhtcgrSm yHkpH(10)awmif igwdk@rppfyJ awG@cGifhay;w,f? ighzufu'Davmuf vdkufavsmwmawmif rif;'Dvdkvkyfzdk@ raumif;zl;aygh ” usaemfuyHkpH (10)qdkwJh oef;aumifpm&if; pm&Gufudk axmif0ifpmawG@wJh tcg,lvm&if tdrfu 'Dudkvm&wm ntdyfc&D;xGufvm&wm/ 'DvdkyHkpH(10)udk ,lvmwJhnrSm &efukeftdrfrSm oef;aumif pm&if;ppf&if yHkpH(10)r&Sd&if tzrf;cH&rSm / 'gha=umifh rdwWLudkyJ trsm;qHk;,lvmEdkkifrSmyJvdk@ jyef&Sif;jy vdkuf ygw,f? axmifydkifu “'gawmhigrwwfEdkifbl;? txufu!$ef=um;vdk@ vkyf&wm”vdk@ajym+yD; usaemfeJ@ qufpum; rsm;ygw,f? tacstwif awmfawmfav;ajymaewkef; aemufqHk;rSm axmifydkifaomif;!Gef@udk,fwdkif usaemfhudk ebefusif;ygw,f? +yD;wJhtcgrSm axmifydkifeHab;rSm&Sd aewJh axmifr_;(3)a,muf jzpfwJh ausmfqef;OD;/ OD;at;v_difeJ@ axmif0ifpmu axmifrSL;vSat;wdk@u usaemfhudk 0dkif;&dkuf=uygw,f? axmifydkiftcef;xJrSmwif tcsuf(50)avmuf&Sdr,f? 0dkif;&dkuf+yD;awmh “rif;oGm;awmh . . . rif;taqmifrif;jyefawmh ” qdk+yD; v$wfvdkufygw,f? axmifydkif&Hk;cef;u xGufwmeJ@ usaemfhudk acgif;qufwdkufiHk@cdkif;xm;ygw,f? axmifydkif&Hk;cef;u xGufwmeJ@ Al;0a&mufw,f? Al;0xJrSm 0efxrf;awG&Sdw,f? tJ'D0efxrf;u wpfcg0dkif; &dkuf ygw,f? usaemfvnf; t&dkufcHae&if;eJ@yJ Al;0uae taqmifukd vrf;av#mufjyefvm&ygw,f? usaemfjyefvmawmh rGef;vGJae+yD; vrf;wpfav#mufvkH; apmavb,fvf/ oufxGef;/ apmxGef; atmif=unfwdk@u wkwfeJ@&dkuf+yD; taqmifudk ac:vmygw,f? yg;pyfuvnf; “rif;aemufwpfcg axmifydkifudk uvefuqefvkyfOD;rvm;” vdk@ajym+yD; &dkufygw,f? “rif;wdk@axmifxJrSm aecsifovdk aevdk@r&bl;uG/ udk,fhb0udk em;rvnfbl;” bmnmqdk+yD; vrf;wpfav#mufvHk;&kdufvmygw,f? rdef;a*s;vfa&mufawmh usaemfxifw,f? tcsuf (180)/ (200)avmuf&Sdr,f? rdef;a*s;vfa&mufawmh usaemfhudk “usaemf aemufudk 'Dvdkrvkyfawmhygbl; ”

vdk@ (3)}udrf (3)cgatmfcdkif;ygw,f? +yD;wJhtcgrSm toHwdk;w,fqdk+yD; xyf&dkufygw,f? rdef;a*s;vf a&mufawmh taqmifu&JabmfawG xGuf=unfhaeygw,f? usaemfwdk@ taqmifu a&qGJaewJh olawGuvnf; 0kef;qdkajy;vmawmh axmifqlr,fhyHkpHrsdK; jzpfvmwma=umifh 0efxrf;awGu c&mr_wf+yD; “yHkpH” vdk@ atmf vdkufygw,f? axmifxJu tusOf;om;awGtm;vHk; +idrfusoGm;ygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm usaemfhudk xyf &dkufygw,f? +yD;rS usaemfhudk taqmifxJoGif;vdkufygw,f? taqmifxJudk a&mufwJhtcsdefrSmyJ usaemfhudk a&qGJcdkif;w,f? a&qGJwJhtcgrSm (2)qdkif;&Sdygw,f? wpfqdkif;qGJ&if usefwJh wpfqdkif;uem;&ygw,f? usaemfhudk ESpfqdkif;pvHk;rSm 0ifqGJcdkif;+yD; tem;ray;ygbl;? jypf'%foabmyg? naetaqmifawGtm;vHk; a&qGJ odrf;awmhrS em;cGifh&ygw,f? ae@cif;wkef;u t&dkufcHxm;&wJh '%f&m'%fcsufawGudk (4)aqmif (3)cef;u udk=unfvGifu aq;xnfhay;ygw,f? nae wef;ydwfwJhtcgusawmh usaemfhudk taqmifajymif;vdkufygw,f? &mZ0wftusOf;om;awGcsnf; oufoufxm;wJh trSwf(2)tdyfaqmifudk ydk@vdkufygw,f? axmifydkifu usaemfh udk Isolate txD;usefjzpfatmif wpfa,mufwnf; xm;ygw,f? aemufydkif;rSmawmh axmif0ifpm vrf;yGifhoGm;+yD; e*dkowfrSwfcsufawG aysmufuG,foGm;ygw,f? (c) axmif0ifpm yHkpH wdkufyGJ axmif0ifpmeJ@ ywfouf+yD;aemufwpfckuawmh axmif0ifpmrSm yHkpHxdkifcdkif;wJh udpPjzpfygw,f? usaemfwdk@ tusOf;om;awG[m axmifxJrSm axmifrSL;/ axmifydkifwdk@ vmwJhtcgrSm t&dktao ay;&wJhtaeeJ@ yHkpHxdkif&ygw,f? yHkpHqdkwJhtoH=um;&&if a&mufwJhae&mrSm csufcsif; yHkpHxdkif&ygw,f? 'gudktcGifhaumif;,l+yD; axmifydkifu axmif0ifpmawG@wJh tcgrSmvnf; axmif0ifpmtcef;xJrSm yHkpHxdkif &r,fvdk@ trdef@xkwfygw,f? yHkpHrxdkifwJholudk jypf'%fay;r,fvdk@ ajymygw,f? 'Dvdktrdef@rsdK;udk jrefrmjynfu emrnfqdk;eJ@ tausmf=um;qHk;jzpfwJh tif;pdefaxmifrSmawmif r=um;zl;wJh trdef@rsdK;jzpfygw,f? usaemfwdk@awG tif;pdef axmifrSm axmif0ifpm awG@&wkef;u axmifydkifaZmftkef; udk,fwdkifvdkuf=unfhwmyg? bmyHkpHrS rxdkifcJh&ygbl;? udk,fhtdrfeJ@udk,f pum;aumif;aumif;ajymcGifh &ygao;w,f? tckvdk o&ufaxmifydkif aomif;!Gef@&Jh trdef@udk usaemfwdk@5(n)awGtm;vHk; tmcH=uzdk@ taqmiftoD;oD;u 5(n)awGtcsif;csif; wdkifyif=uygw,f? usaemfwdk@ axmifxJrSm yHkpHxdkif&wmudk uef@uGufwmrsdK;r[kwfyg? 'g[m axmifOya'rSm ygxm; wma=umifh usaemfwdk@ vdkufem&rSmyg? tckudpPu udk,fhrdom;pkeJ@ wpfvrSm wpfcg&Sm;&Sm;yg;yg; awG@ &wJh tcsdefav;rSm / axmif0ifpmtcef;xJrSm yHkpHxdkif&r,fqdkwmudk vufrcH Edkifygbl;? &yfa0;/ e,fa0;uae yifyrf;}uD;vSpGmeJ@ usaemfwkd@udk vmawG@wJh rdbtdrfom;awGa&SŒrSm &wJh ( 10 )rdepf/ ( 15 ) rdepfav;rSm yHkpHxdkifzdk@ usawmfwdk@ jiif;qdkygw,f? axmif0ifpmawG@&wJh tcsdefav;[m tusOf;om;wpfa,muf&Jh &oifh &xdkufwJh udk,fydkiftcsdefav;yJ jzpfygw,f? 'gha=umifh axmif0ifpmawG@&wJhtcsdef rdb/ aqGrsdK;awGa&S@rSm yHkpHrxdkifEdkifbl;vdk@ tm;vHk;qHk;jzwf vdkufygw,f? axmif0ifpmvmac:wJhtcgrSm yxrtaeeJ@ axmif0ifpmcef;rSm wm0efuswJh0efxrf;udk axmif 0ifpmawG@&wJhtcgrSm yHkpHxdkif&rvm;/ r&bl;vm;vdk@ ar;jref;r,f? yHkpHrxdkif&bl;qdk&if awG@r,f? xdkif&r,fqdk&if axmif0ifpmudkjiif;y,fr,f? axmif0ifpmudk jiif;y,fwJhyHkpHrsdL;eJ@ pwdkufr,fvdk@ qHk;jzwf oabmwl=uw,f? tu,fvdk@ usaemfwdk@ 5 ( n ) awGu axmif0ifpmudk jiif;y,fw,fqdk&if c&D;a0;}uD; uae yifyifyef;yef;vm&wJh tdrfawGu bmjzpfvdk@vJvdk@ar;=u/ pHkprf;=uawmhrSmaocsmygw,f? rdom;pkawGeJ@

jy\emwpfpHkw&mr&SdwJh usaemfwdk@u axmif0ifpmrawG@Ekdifbl;vdk@ jiif;qef&if ta=umif;wpfckckawmh &Sdr,fvdk@ tdrfawGu awG;rd=urSm jzpfygw,f? tJ'Duaewqifh axmifykdifudk zdtm;ay;ar;jref;=urSm jzpfygw,f? tJ'DtcgusrS rdbawGu axmifydkif &J@,kwfrmr_udk odoGm;=urSmjzpf+yD; axmifydkif&J@ bDvl;&kyfudk qGJxkwfEdkifr,fh tcsufwpfcsufvnf; jzpfygw,f? axmif0ifpmjiif;y,fvdk@ wpfa,mufwdkufxJ a&mufoGm;&if aemufwpfa,mufu qufwdkuf=uzdk@ qHk;jzwf xm;ygw,f? 'DwdkufyGJ[m usaemfwdk@vdk 5 ( n )awG&J@ “ *k%foduQm wdkufyGJ ”vnf;jzpfygw,f? axmif0ifpmawG@zdk@ tJ'Dae@u yxrOD;vluawmh taqmif (4)u pufr_wuUodkvfu ausmif;om; acgif;aqmifwpfOD;jzpfwJh pnfolxGËfyJ jzpfygw,f? pnfolxGËfu axmif0ifpmcef;xJrSm yHkpHrxdkifEdkifbl;vdk@ jiif;qdkvdkufygw,f? jypf'%fqdk+yD; ol@udkwdkuf xJydk@vdkufygw,f? aemuftrSwf ( 1 )tdyfaqmifu cspfudkudk ( c)atmif'ifeJ@ cspfnDnD (c)a&$bkef;vl (wm&mrif;a0)wdk@ nDtpfudkESpfOD;wdk@ tvSnfhusygw,f? olwdk@ESpfOD; vnf; yHkpHrxdkifEdkifbl;vdk@ ajymwma=umifh wdkufxJydk@vdkufygw,f? tJ'Dawmh 'Dtwdkif;om 5 (n )awG axmif0ifpmvmwdkif; rawG@Edkifbl;ajymvdk@ wdkufxJomydk@ae&&if =um&ifrvG,fbl;vdk@ axmifydkifeJ@ taygif; tygawG awG;rdoGm;vm; rajymwwfawmhyg? axmifydkifaomif;!$ef@ wpfa,muf aemufqkwfoGm;+yD; axmif0ifpmawG@pOf yHkpHxdkif&r,fqdkwJh ol@&Jhtrdef@udk &kwfodrf; ay;vdkufygawmhw,f? 'DudpPrsdK;[m e0w&Jh vufudkifwkwfawG[m tm%mudk zdESdyfzdk@ oufoufom usifhoHk;wwfa=umif; odomapwJh tcsufwpfcsufvnf;jzpfygw,f? jrefrmjynftv,fydkif;a'o&JŒ &moDOwk'%f=um;u axmif wGif;wdkufyGJawG[m axmifydkifeJ@ taygif;tygawG zdESdyfwdkif; jzpfyGm;vmwwfygawmhw,f? 'Dae&mrSm axmif0ifpmyHkpHwdkufyGJudk pwifOD;aqmifwdkufcJhwJh udkpnfolxGËfu ol@&JŒtawG@t=uHKudk wifjyxm;ygw,f? pnfolxGËf pufr_wuUodkvf ausmif;om;acgif;aqmif 1988 Y &efukefpufr_wuUodkvfwGif 'kwd,ESpf wufa&mufaecJh+yD; &efukefpufr_wuUodkvf ausmif; om;or*~Y OD;aqmifyg0ifv_yf&Sm;cJhonf? 1989 ZlvdkifvY 'Drdku&ufwpf ausmif;om;vli,frsm;tzGJ@ ( &efukefwdkif; )Y yg0ifaqmif&GufcJhonf? xdk@tjyif 1989 pufwifbmvY ausmif;om;vli,frsm; yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufa&; aumfrwDrSm wm0ef,l aqmif&GufcJhonf? 1989-1990Y &efukefpufr_wuUodkvf ausmif;om;or*~Y 'kwd,OuUXwm0efudk xrf; aqmifcJhonf? 1990 rwfv (13 )&ufae@wGif ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;. a&Smifwcif zrf;qD;r_udk cHcJh&+yD; tif;pdefaxmifY tvkyf=urf;ESifh axmif'%f (3)ESpf cscHcJh&onf? 1992 ZGefv (27)&ufae@wGif o&ufaxmifrS jyefvnf vGwfajrmuf vmcJhonf? xdk@aemuf udkwdwfEdkif/ udkpdk;Edkifwdk@ ESifhtwl aq;qdkifzGifhvSpf+yD; tusOf; axmiftwGif;odk@ aq;0g;axmufyHhonfh vkyfief;udk aqmif&GufcJhonf? 1993 jynfyodk@xGufcGmcJh+yD; ,cktcg =opaw;o#EkdifiH qpf'eD+rdK@Y aexdkifv#uf&Sd+yD; jrefrmjynf'Drdkua&pDa&;twGuf axmifhwpfae&mrS }udK;pm; aqmif&GufaeqJ jzpfonf? axmif0ifpmcef;rSm yHkpHxdkif&r,fvdk@ odvdkuf&wJhtcsdefrSm usaemfeJ@ vkyfazmfudkifzuf &Jabmfrsm; tawmf pdwfxdcdkuf=uw,f? &efukefuae uDvdkrDwm ( 300 )avmuf uGma0;wJh o&ufudk a&wpfwef. ukef;wpfwef trsdK;rsdK; tcuftcJawG =um;xJuae yifyef;}uD;pGmeJ@ vmcJh=u&wJh udk,fh&Jh rdom;pk0ifawGeJh tusOf;pcef;u owfrSwf xm;wJh tcsdefwdkav;twGif;rSmawmif vGwfvyfpGm udk,fydkiftcsdefav;udk pum;rajymEkdifyJ rdbawGa&SŒrSm

yHkpHxdkif&r,f/ bmr,feJ@ pnf;urf;awG wif;=uyfvmwm rw&m;wma=umifh usaemfwdk@ &Jabmf wpfawGwdkif yif+yD; axmif0ifpmtcef;rSm yHkpHxdkif&r,fh pnf;urf;csufawGudk pwifoydwfarSmufzdk@ qHk;jzwf=uw,f? wdkufwdkufqdkifqdkifyJ 'Dvdkrw&m;r_udk tHwkwdkufyGJ0ifzdk@ usaemfwdk@ EkdifiHa&;tusOf;orm;awG qHk;jzwf csufcs+yD;wJh tcsdefrSmyJ usaemfhtdrfu axmif0ifpmawG@zdk@ usaemfhtar a&mufvmcJhw,f? 'geJ@yJ usaemfaewJh taqmif ( 1 )udk axmif0ifpm wm0efus 0efxrf;t&mcHAdkvf OD;ausmf&Sdef vmac:ygw,f? “ pnfolxGËf/ axmif0ifpmawG@r,f/ rif;tarvmw,f” vdk@ajymygw,f? 'geJ@yJ usaemfhtareJ@ axmif0ifpmawG@&atmif OD;ausmf&Sdefvmac:wJhaemufudk vdkufoGm;ygw,f? axmif0ifpmtcef;xJudk usaemf 0ifvdkufwJhtcgrSm OD;ausmf&Sdefu axmif0ifpm&JŒ pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;awGudk ajymjyygw,f? tJ'Dpnf; rsOf;awGxJrSm yHkpHvdk@atmf&if axmif0ifpmcef;xJrSmyJ yHkpHxdkif&r,fvdk@ ajymygw,f? 'gudkusaemf owdxm;rd vdkufygw,f? usaemfwdk@ &JabmfawGeJ@ wdkufyGJ0ifzdk@yJ }udKwif!SdE_dif;xm;wJhtwdkif; 'DudpP[m rw&m;bl;? tdrfurd om;pk0ifawG a&SŒrSm yHkpHxdkif&r,fqdkwm enf;vrf;rusbl;? 'gudkqef@usifr,fvdk@ OD;ausmf&Sdefudk usaemf jyefajymvdkufygw,f? 'DvdkyHkpHrsdK;eJ@ axmif0ifpmrSm yHkpHxdkif&r,f qdk&ifawmh rxdkifyJeJ@ rawG@wJh enf;vrf;udk usaemfu a&G;cs,fvdkuf+yD; tusOf;OD;pD;Xme0efxrf; OD;ausmf&Sdefudk xyfajymvdkufygw,f? tJ'DtcgrSm OD;ausmf&Sdefu usaemfhudk axmif0ifpmcef;rSm c%xm;cJh+yD; axmifAl;0xJ udk0if oGm;ygw,f? usaemfpdwfxif aocsmwmuawmh usaemfajymwmudk axmifydkifaomif;!$efŒqD tpD&if oGm;cHchJ wmyJjzpfw,f? tcsdefenf;enf;=umawmh usaemfhudk axmif0ifpmcef;uae ac:+yD;awmh wdkufxJudkydk@ vdkufygw,f? usaemfhudk wdkufydwf+yD; em&D0ufavmuf=umwJhtcgrSm tup 0efxrf;awGu usaemfhudk wdkufxJuae jyefvmxkwfygw,f? 'DvdkeJ@wdkufxJuae xGuf+yD; Al;0xJac:oGm;wJhtcsdefrSm usaemfh pdwfawGv_yf&Sm;vmygw,f? axmifydkif&kH;cef;xJa&mufawmh usaemf pdwfxifxm;ovdk r[kwfyJ axmif0ifpmawG@zdk@ jyifqif xm;wmudk awG@vdkuf&ygw,f? usaemfh&ŒJtarjzpfolu axmifydkif aomif;!Gef@&@J &Hk;cef;xJrSm xdkif+yD;apmifhaewJh taetxm;eJ@ awG@vdkuf&awmh usaemftHh=ooGm;ygw,f? axmif0ifpmawG@ae=u tcef;rSmr[kwfyJ tareJ@om; oHZumrjcm;yJ vGwfvyfpGm ay;awG@ygw,f? 'gayr,fh usaemfhtareJ@ usaemfh&JŒ ab;wpfzufwpfcsufrSm axmifydkifaomif;!$ef@eJ@ OD;ausmf&Sdefwdk@&Sdae+yD; usaemfwdk@ om;trdudk aocsmpGm tuJcwf apmifh=unfhaeygw,f? owfrSwfxm;wJh tcsdefukefawmh axmif0if pmypPnf;awG vufrSmqGJ+yD; taqmifudkjyefcJhw,f? 'gayr,fh usaemfaewJh taqmifudkjyefrydk@yJ wdkufudk ydk@vdkufygw,f? odyfr=umcifrSmyJ usaemfh&Jh ab;zuf wdkufcef;xJudk cspfnDnD/ cspfudkudkwdk@ nDtpfudk (2) a,muf vnf; usaemfhvdkaxmif0ifpm yHkpHwdkufyGJ0ifcJhvdk@ olwdk@udk axmif0ifpmay;awG@+yD; wdkufydwfcHvdkuf&um a&muf vmygw,f? 'gayr,fh usaemfwdk@udk wdkufxJrSm qufrxm;awmhyJ naeydkif;rSm taqmifawG toD;oD;udk jyefydk@vdkufygw,f? aemufydkif;rnfonfh tusOf;om;rS axmif0ifpmcef;rSm yHkpHxdkif/ acgif;iHk@p&mrvdkyJ rdom;pk0ifawGeJ@ awG@qHkcGifh&cJhygw,f? 'Dvdkaxmif0ifpmcef;rSm acgif;riHk@a&;wdkufyGJ bma=umifh atmifjrif&wmvJvdk@ qef;ppf=unfhawmh usaemfvGwfajrmufvm+yD; tdrfu usaemfhtar&Jh ajymjycsuft&qdk&if tjzpftysufjzpfwJhae@u axmif 0ifpmudk cgwdkif;vdkyJ awG@zdk@vmcJhayr,fh tcsdefawG =umvmwmeJ@tr# usaemfh&Jhrdcif[m usaemfeJ@awG@&r,f/ rawG@&r,fudk oHo,0if pdk;&drfvmygw,f? aemufqHk;awmh usaemfh&Jhrdcif[m axmifydkifudk ta&;qdk+yD; awG@qHk cGifh&atmif }udK;pm;cJhygw,f? “ 'Dae@rSm om;eJ@ axmif0ifpmrawG@&&if axmifAl;0rSm vSJtdyf+yD; apmifhr,f/ vHk;0rjyefbl; ” vdk@ usaemfhrdcif qHk;jzwfvdkufwmudk axmifydkifodoGm;wmuwpfa=umif;/ axmifxJrSm&SdwJh usaemftygt0if tm;vHk;aom EdkifiHa&;vkyfazmfudkifzufrsm;&Jh rqkwfrepfaomZGJeJ@ wdkufyGJ0ifcJhwma=umifh axmifjyifeJ@

axmifxJ tay;t,l tcsdwftqufrd+yD; axmifydkifeJ@ taygif;tygawG&J@ rw&m;tEdkifusifh zdESdyfr_awGudk wdkufyGJ0if atmifEdkifcJhygw,f?

tcef;(12) (u) o&ufaxmiftwGif; oufaoxGufqdkcsuf usaemfwkd@awG[m axmifxJrSm axmiftm%mydkifawG&Jh w&m;vufvGwf vkyfaqmifaewmudk qef@usiftmcHwJh wdkufyGJawGjyKvkyf+yD; olwdk@awG&Jh,kwfrm aumufuspfr_awGudk zGifhxkwfjyzdk@ }udK;pm;ae &ygw,f? tJJ'DxJu }udK;yrf;csufwpfck[m r=umcifrSm ay:xGufvmygw,f? usaemfwdk@ o&ufaxmifxJudk om,m0wDaxmifu tkyfcsKyfa&;t&m&Sd (axmifydkif) OD;pD;wJh pHkprf;ppfaq;a&;tzGJ@ a&mufvm+yD; 'DtD;(DE) 0ifygw,f? tJ'Dvdk tjcm;axmifawGu axmift&m&SdawG vma&mufppfaq;awmh o&ufaxmifu axmif tm%mydkifawGu axmifwGif;aqmif&Gufcsuf enf;AsK[mawG csufcsif; ajymif;vJoGm;ygw,f? 5(n)tusOf; om;awGudk oGm;awGudk tat;ywfrwuf +zJjyygw,f? xrif;udkvnf; t0tvifau|;arG;+yD; tusOf;om;wpfOD;udk yHkpHyef;uefeJ@ (2)cg&ygw,f? tu,f IrukefcJh&if oGefypfzdk@eJ@ / ravmufiS&ifvnf; xyf,lzdk@qdk+yD; taqmifwkdif;rSm xrif;yHk;tydkcs xm;ay;ygw,f? tJ'Dvdk twkvkyf [efjyxm;wJht&mawGu &ufydkif;avmufyJcHygw,f? ppfaq;a&;tzGJ@ awGjyefoGm;wJhtcgrSm e*dkrlv o&ufaxmifyHkpH jyefjzpfoGm;ygw,f? xrif;udkvnf; t&iftwdkifyJ ydkae+rJ usm;ae+rJ jyefau|; ygawmhw,f? 'gayr,fh aemufwpfvt=umrSmyJ o&ufaxmifudk ppfaq;a&;tzGJ@awG jyefa&mufvm+yD; 'DtD; jyef0ifygw,f? tJ'DtcgrSmawmh odrf;xm;wJh xrif;yHk;awGjyefcsygw,f? usaemfwdk@udk oGm;jyef+zJ jyygawmhw,f? ppfaq;a&;tzGJ@xJu acgif;aqmifvkyfoleJ@ useftzGJ@0ifawG tm;vHk;vnf; o&ufaxmif tm%mydkifrsm; enf;wl 'DykwfxJu'DyJyJ jzpfygw,f? ppfaq;a&;tzGJ@[m wdkufxJrSm jypf'%fus+yD; rw&m;&dkufESufcH&wJh aZmf0if;xGËfeJ@ tjcm;5(n) tusOf;om;awGudk ac:,l+yD; ppfaq;ygw,f? ppfaq;+yD;wJhtcgrSm tJ'DolawG&Jh xGufqdk csufawGudk twnfjyKay;zdk@ oufaoESpfOD; ac:,lygw,f? tJ'Dvdk oufaoESpfOD; ac:,lwJhtcgrSm wpfOD;u axmif0efxrf;xJuyJ jzpf+yD; usefwpfOD;u tusO;fom;xJu jzpfygw,f? tr_u 5(n)tr_awG jzpfwma=umifh aemufwpfOD;udk axmifajymif;vmwJh usaemfwdk@ 5(n)ta,muf(100)xJu a&G;ygw,f? tJ'gudk axmiftm%mydkifu a&G;&wmjzpfygw,f? ppfaq;a&;tzGJ@uvnf; aoaocsmcsm wdwdususeJ@ atmufajcup+yD; pDppfwmr[kwfyJ o&ufaxmif tm%mydkifawG acgif;ndwf axmufcHwJh acgif;acgufa&G;xm;wJh olawGudkyJ ppfaq;wmjzpfygw,f? oufaoxGufqdkzdk@ axmif0efxrf;ua&G;cs,fwJhtcgrSm olwdk@udk umuG,fajymqdkay;r,fh olawGa=umifh tcuftcJ r&Sdayr,fh EdkifiHa&;tr_(100)xJu a&G;cs,fzdk@=uawmh olwdk@awmfawmf 'kuQa&muf&ygw,f? olwdk@tvdk&Sdwmudkom ajymqdkay;Edkifr,fh/ xGufqdkay;Edkifr,fh acgif;ndwfaxmufcHay;r,fhol wpfa,mufudk tvdk&Sdaeygw,f? axmif0efxrf;xJu oufaotjzpf 'kwyf=uyf apmavb,fvfudk a&G;ygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSmyJ(1)aqmifu axmif0ifpmwm0efcH 'kwd, Adkvf}uD; OD;ausmf&Sdefu usaemfudk oufaoxGufqdkzdk@ vma&mufac:ygw,f? usaemfhudk ac:oGm;+yD; rdef;a*s;a&mufawmh axmifr_; OD;at;v_difu t&mcHAdkvf}uD;udk . . “b,feJ@vJ q&m}uD;. . . jzpfyghrvm; ”vdk@ar;vdkufawmh

‘jzpfygw,f? Adkvf=uD;a&G;wJholyJ’vdk@ jyefajzvdkufygw,f? OD;ausmf&Sdefu usaemfhbufvSnfhjyD;

‘rif;axmufxJrSm t&dkufcHzl;wm&Sdvm;’ vdk@ar;ygw,f?usaemfuvnf; ‘r&Sdbl; ”vdk@jyefajzawmh “at;/ 'gyJ/ trSeftwdkif;yJ jzpfapcsifw,f ”vdk@qdk+yD;

“armif&if jypf'%fjzpfzl;vm; ”vdk@qufar;ygw,f? usaemfu . . . “'DaxmifrSmawmh rjzpfzl;ygbl; ”vdk@ ajzvdkufygw,f? “at;/ }udKuf+yD . . 'Dtwdkif;yJajym / tckrif;udk igwdk@qDvmwJh vl}uD;wpfcsdK@eJ@ awG@ay;r,f? eJeJyg;yg;olwdk@u ar;r,f? prf;r,f? bmawG axGaxGxl;xl; r&Sdygbl;? rif;apmapmu ajymovdkaygh ? t&dkufcH zl;vm;/ rcH&zl;bl;? jypf'%fjzpfzl;vm;/ rjzpfzl;bl;? a&qGJwmyifyef;vm; qdk&ifvnf; axmifxJrSm enf;enf;yg;yg; udk,fvufusef;rma&;aumif;&Hk/ ac|;pdk@&Hkavmufaygh? tJ'Dvdkajz . . bmrSrvkyfyJaxmif xJrSmae&&if *doGm;rSmaygh? rif;odw,fr[kwfvm;? aemuf+yD; xrif;00au|;vm;vdk@ ar;&ifvnf; rif;tck tjrifyJ/ t0au|;wm/ t&Sdt&Sdwdkif;ajzaygh? bmrS rif;ryleJ@/ igvnf;rif;eJ@ twl&SdaerSmyg? 'dk@udkulnDay;r,f r[kwfvm; ” E_wfuae u&m;a&v$wf wwGwfwGwf rSmygw,f? usaemfvnf; acgif;ndwfjyvdkufawmh OD;at;vd_if u “aumif;+yD/ igeJ@vdkufcJh ”qdk+yD; axmifAl;0udk ac:oGm;ygw,f? Al;0a&mufawmh Al;0&Jhnmzufu axmifydkif&Jh &Hk;cef;xJudk 0if&ygw,f? tcef;xJa&mufawmh OD;at;v_difu “'gu tusOf;om;awGxJu oufaoyg ” qdk+yD; ppfaq;a&;tzGJ@eJ@ rdwfqufay;ygw,f? +yD;awmh usaemfhudk xdkifzdk@ae&may;ygw,f? usaemfheJ@ rsufESmcsif;qdkifu cHkrSm ppfaq;a&;tzGJ@ acgif;aqmifawG xdkifaeygw,f? tm;vHk;aygif; (3)a,mufxdkifae+yD; tv,fuxdkifaeol om,m0wfDaxmifu axmifydkif OD;jrifhodef;jzpf+yD; ppfaq;a&;tzGJ@ acgif;aqmifvnf; jzpfygw,f? OD;jrifhodef;&Jh b,fzufeHab;u wpfa,muf uawmh &efukef tif;pdefaxmifu axmifr_;}uD;jzpf+yD; nmzufuawmh jynfaxmifu axmifr_;jzpfygw,f? oluppfcsufawG/ xGufqdkcsufawGudk vufESdyfpuf&dkuf rSwfwrf;wifaeygw,f? usaemfh&Jh eHab;rSmawmh o&ufaxmifu usaemfhudka&G;ac:vmwJh axmifr_;OD;at;v_dif &Sdaeygw,f? tv,fu xdkifaewJh wpfa,mufu “rif;trSefwdkif;ajymrSmvm; ”vdk@ tqHk;r&Sd tpr&Sd xajymvdkufygw,f? “b,fta=umif;t&mudk usaemfajym&rSmvnf; ” “rif;odwJh ta=umif;t&mawGyJar;rSm / axmifxJuta=umif;awGuGm/ ajzr,fr[kwfvm; ” “ajzyghr,f ” ab;ywf0ef;usifudk tuJcwfvdkufawmh axmifydkif&Hk;cef;xJrSm axmifydkifaomif;!Gef@wpfa,muf r&Sdygbl;? usaemfhudk ppfaq;r_awG pvkyfwJhtcgrSm jynfaxmifu axmifr_;}uD;u toifh,lvmwJh usaemfh&Jh eHywf}uD;udk ,l+yD; tusOf;om;oufao&Jh xGufqdkcsuf acgif;pOfwyf+yD; usaemfhemrnf/ tr_eJ@ jypf'%fESpf pwJh udk,fa&;&mZ0ifawGudk vufEdSyfpufeJ@ &dkufaeygw,f? ( eHywf}uD;qdkwm axmiftwGif; axmifydkif vSnfhvnf wJhtcg tusOf;om;wdkif;u tJ'dDpm&Gufudk udkifxm;+yD; pm&GufxJrSm trnf/ tztrnf/ tr_ ay;&ufpGJ/ omrefvGwf&uf/jypf'%fESpf/ yk'fr pwmawG a&;xm;wJh pm&Gufjzpfygw,f? ) axmifydkif OD;jrifhodef;u p+yD; ar;ygw,f? “rif;emrnf aevif; aemf ” “[kwfygw,f ” “rif;tazemrnf ” “OD;rsdK;odef; ” “ rif;axmifeHywfu 2997/ Caemf/ b,fESpfESpf&SdvJ ”

“ 5 ESpfyg ” “ rif;wdk@rdb/ aqGrsdK;awGxJrSm EdkifiHa&;v_yf&Sm;wJh ol&Sdovm; ” “ r&Sdygbl; ” “rif;axmifxJrSm jypf'%fjzpfzl;vm; ” “ tif;pdefaxmifrSmawmh axmifuscgpu jypf'%f (1)cg jzpfzl;ygw,f? ” “ r[kwfbl;/ 'Do&ufaxmifrSm ” “rjzpfzl;ygbl; ” “ t&dkufcH&zl;vm; ” “ t&dkufrcH&ygbl; ” usaemfeJ@ axmifydkifOD;jrifhodef;wdk@ tar;tajzawGudk wpfyk'fcsif;tvdkuf jynfaxmifr_;u rSwfwrf; wifaeygw,f? OD;jrifhodef;uquf+yD; “ 'gyJaygh/ axmifxJrSmjypf'%frjzpf&if t&dkufrcH&bl;/ jypf'%fjzpf&if t&dkufcH&r,f? rif;tJ'gudk vufcHovm; ” 'Dar;cGef;[m us,fjyef@ygw,f? jypf'%fjzpf&if &dkufw,fqdkayr,fh jypf'%frjzpfjzpfatmif axmif0ef xrf;awG/ axmiftm%mydkifawGu wrifoufouf zefwD;,laewmawG trsm;}uD;&Sdygw,f? usaemfu 'Dtcsufudk aoaocsmcsm&Sif;jyrvdk@ ab;bDudk =unfhvdkufawmh usaemfhrsufESmudk =unfhaewJh OD;at;v_difudk awG@&ygw,f? ajymqdkzdk@ rvGwfrvyfjzpfoGm;ygw,f? OD;jrifhodef;&JŒar;cGef;udk trSeftwdkif;ajzzdk@ usaemftcuftcJ jzpfaewJhtcsdefrSm usaemfwdk@&Jabmf aZmf0if;xËfeJ@ tjcm;&JabmfawGudk axmiftm%mydkifawG acG;vdk/ EGm;vdk &dkufESufwJhjrifuGif;awG jyefjrif a,mif vmygw,f? ajymcsvdkufzdk@ usaemftm;,lvdkufygw,f? 'DtcsdefrSm 'DtcGifhta&;udk toHk;csvdkuf&if axmifrSL;/ axmifydkifawG&J@ acG;&dkuf/ EGm;&dkufudk r&_rvS cH&rSm aocsmygw,f? b,fvdkajz&if aumif;rvJvdk@ usaemfpOf;pm;aecsdefrSm OD;jrifhodef;u “ a[haumif/ igar;wmajzavuGm/ bmawGpOf;pm;aewmvnf; ” usaemfvnf; awGa0raeawmhyJ qHk;jzwfcsuf csvdkufygw,f? 'Dar;cGef;udk rajzcif tcGifhta&;wpfck awmif;qdkvdkufygw,f? “ axmifydkif}uD;cifAsm;/ ckeuajymcJhovdk rSefuefwJhtajzrsdK; vdkcsifygw,fqdk&if tckvdk taetxm;rsdK;rSm usaemfrajzqdkEkdifygbl;? bmjzpfvdk@vJqdkawmh o&ufaxmifu axmifrSL;OD;at;v_dif &Sdaevdk@ygyJ? o&ufaxmifu axmiftm%mydkifawG &SdaewJhae&mrSm usaemfrajzqdkEdkifygbl;? ppfaq;a&; tzGJ@udk trSeftwdkif;ajymzdk@ 0efrav;ayr,fh o&ufaxmiftm%mydkifawGxJu wpfa,mufa,mufa&S@rSm usaemftrSeftwdkif; xGufqdkygu trsufa'goxGuf+yD; ppfaq;a&;tzGJh jyefoGm;wJhtcg=u&if usaemfhtay: tjidK;taw;xm; &efjyKEdkifygw,f? usaemfh&J@ vHkjcHKa&;pdwfcs&atmif vsKd@0ufpGmjyKvkyfzdk@eJ@ tzGJ@eJhtppfcH&ol oufoufcsnf; ppfaq;aewJh tcef;rSm xm;&Sday;ygvdk@ awmif;qdkygw,f? 'grS xGufqdkcsufawGu rSefuefr_ &SdEdkifrSm jzpfygw,f? ” o&ufaxmifrSL; OD;at;v_dkif&J@ rsufESmcsufcsif; rnf;wufoGm;ygw,f? 'gayr,fh [efrysuf&atmif pm;yGJay:u a&aEG;cGufudk,l+yD; r_wfaomufaevdkufygw,f? t&yftarmif;axmifaxmifarmif;armif;eJ@ OD;jrifhodef;u usaemfhudk aoaocsmcsm pdkuf=unfhygw,f? “ rSefuefwJh xGufqdkr_qdkwm b,fae&mrSmrqdk b,folyJ&Sdaeae xGufqdk&J&rSmaygh? trSefw&m; qdkwm zHk;uG,fvdk@r&bl;? [dkvl&Sdvdk@ rajymEdkif/ 'Dvl&Sdvdk@ rajymEkdifbl;qdkwm rrSefruefxGufqdkzdk@ }udK;pm;wJh olawGvkyfwmyJ? rSefrSefuefuefxGufqdkwJhol[m b,fol@a&S@rSmyJjzpfjzpf xGufqdk&J&r,f? rif;&JŒvHkjcHKa&;udk igwm0ef,lw,f? axmifxJrSmavmuf vHkjcHKwm 'Dwpfae&myJ &Sdw,f? rif;wpfa,mufxJrajymeJ@ tusOf;om; tm;vHk;&Jh vHkjcHKa&;udk 'dk@tup 0efxrf;awGu wm0ef,lxm;wm? uJæajym ”

OD;jrifhodef;udk,fwdkif pdefac:aerSawmh usaemfrajym&if vdrfvnfzdk@}udkK/;pm;w,fvdk@ rSwfawmhrSm aocsmwma=umifh trSeftwdkif; zGifhcsvdkufzdk@ pdwf'Hk;'Hk;csvdkufygw,f? “axmifxJrSm rif;wdk@awG xrif;pm;&wm 00vifvifpm;&w,f r[kwfvm; ” vdk@ar;cGef;ajymif;ar;ygw,f? “ r0. . . ygbl; ” “[kwf&Jhvm;/ igwdk@awG@wmuawmh rif;wdk@udkt0au|;aewmyJ? rif;vdrfrajymeJ@? OD;at;v_dif . . . cifAsm;wdk@ ac:vmwJholu [kwfaum[kwfao;&Jhvm; ” usaemfhab;u xdkifaewJh OD;at;v_difukd vSnfh=unfh+yD; ar;vdkufygw,f? OD;at;v_difu usaemfhudk “ uGm . . . tvum;/ 'Daumifav; av#mufajymaewmyJ/ cufwmyJ/ rif;udkigwdk@ apmapmu ajymxm;wJhtwdkif; ajzav ” vdk@rsufESmudk &_HŒwG+yD; ajymygw,f? OD;jrifhodef;u . . “ rif;igwdk@udk rvdrfeJ@/ 'dk@rSmtaxmuftxm; tukef&Sdw,f? uJ . . . rif;axmifxJrSm xrif;00vifvif rau|;bl; qdkwm igwdk@,Hk=unfatmif bmeJ@oufaojyrvJ ” “axmifxJrSm xrif;r0wJhudpPudk axmifxJu tusOf;om;awG tmvHk;odygw,f? vHk;0pm;vdk@ r0ygbl;? usaemfudkac:rar;yJ tjcm;tusOf;om; wpfa,mufac:ar;vnf; r0a=umif;ajymrSmyJ? 'gtrSef w&m;yJ ” “uJ . . tif;pdefaxmifrSmaum xrif;udk00au|;ovm;/ b,fvdkau|;vJ ” “tif;pdefaxmifrSmu xrif;udkvdkoavmuf &ygw,f? 00vifvifvnf; pm;&w,f? xrif;xnfh uwnf;u xnfhay;wJholu xrif;udktarmufxnfh ay;wm/ udk,frukefEdkif&if jyefoGefxnfhzdk@ yHk;awGcs ay;xm;ygw,f? vdk&ifvnf; xyfawmif;vdk@&ygw,f ” “ at;av/ 'Do&ufaxmifrSmvnf; tif;pdeftwdkif; xrif;udkt0au|;aewm awG@wmyJ? rif;bm jiif;rvJ ” “ 'DrSmxrif;au|;w,fqdkwm tck ppfaq;a&;tzGJ@awGvmvdk@ xrif;yHk;awG csxm;wmjzpfygw,f? t&ifwpfacguf ppfaq;a&;vmwkef;uvnf; tJ'DvdkyJ xrif;awGudk tydk&Edkifr,fh yHk;awGcsxm;ay;w,f? 'gayr,fh tJ'Dvdkau|;wm &ufydkif;yJcHw,f? ppfaq;a&;tzGJ@awG jyefoGm;awmh xrif;tydkxnfhxm;wJh yHk;awG jyefodrf;oGm;ygw,f? tckvnf; ppfaq;a&;tzGJ@awG a&mufvmvdk@ [efjycsxm;wmyg? ppfaq;a&;tzGJ@awG jyefoGm;&if tckxrif;tydkay;aewmawGvnf; jyefodrf;oGm;rSm aocsmygw,f? aemufxl;xl;jcm;jcm; odomwmu tJ'Dxrif;yHk;awGu tckrS aq;okwf+yD;taqmifawGrSm csxm;wmyg? tJ'DyHk;udk aoaocsmcsm =unfh&if yHk;awGutopfpufpuf/ taqmifeHywf a&;xm;wJhoabFmaq;u wpfpufawmif rysufao;ygbl;? 'g[mtckrS taqmifawGrSm xrif;tydkyHk;awGcsxm;wm/ tckrS jyifqifxm;wm xif&Sm;ygw,f? ” “aeprf;ygOD;/ rif;wdk@axmifxJudk ppfaq;a&;tzGJ@ awGvmw,fqdkwm b,fvdkvkyfodvJ ” “axmifeH&H av;zuf=um;rSm 'DvdkyJ owif;ysHŒESH@r_ &Sdygw,f ” “uJ. . . xm;awmh/ rif;wdk@tckvdk xrif;r0wmudk axmifydkifudkwifjy&Jhvm; ” “[kwfuJh/ usaemfwkd@qifhuJqifhuJ tcef;vl}uD;/ taqmifr_;uae axmifydkif}uD;udk axmifydkifwef;pD rSm wifjyygw,f ” “tJ'Dvdkwifjyawmh axmifydkif}uD;u bmajymvJ ” “ xrif;r0bl;vdk@ tckvdkawmif;aewm [if;aumif;vdk@/ tJ'DawmhyJ[if;udka&a&m/ t&Guf awGrxnfhyJ 'Dtwdkif;csufvdk@ ajymygw,f ” “a[haumif. . vl}uD;u 'Dtwdkif; ajymrSmvm;/ rif;r[kwfwmawG rajymeJ@ / rif;oli,fcsif;awG apmapmu xGufqdkoGm;wm xrif;0w,fajymw,f? rif;igwdk@udkvmrvdrfeJ@/ axmifxJrSm qifhuJqifhuJ

tpDtpOftwdkif; Oya'abmiftwGif;u wifjy&if b,ftusOf;om;rqdk &w,f? +yD;pvG,f/ vufvGwfpy,f tm%mydkifawGu rvkyfbl;? vmrajymeJ@? rif;ajymovdkqdkrSjzifh axmifydkifwef;pDqdkwm axmifxJrSm vkyfp&mawmif rvdkawmhbl;? tusOf;om;awGaezdk@/ xdkifzdk@/ pm;zdk@udpPawGudk wpfywfwpfcg tcuftcJawGudk ajz&Sifay;zdk@ xm;wm? bmrS vkyfray;Edkifbl;qdk&ifuGm . . igajymovdk axmifydkifu wpfywfwpfcg vSnfh=unfh p&mawmif rvdkawmhbl;? rif;wdk@vnf; at;at;aq;aq;ae/ igwdk@vnf; udk,fhtcef;xJudk,fae+yD; tcsdefwef vpm,l&HkyJ? rif;wdk@ tusOf;om;tcsif;csif; vlowfr_yJjzpfjzpf/ tEdkifusifhr_yJjzpfjzpf 'dk@eJ@rqdkifbl;? aevdk@&w,f? r[kwfwmawG vmrajymeJ@ ” “ tckvdkajymwm/ jzpfcJhwmawG[m vdrfwmr[kwfygbl;/ trSefawGyg? tjcm;tcef;u tusOf;om; awGvnf; odygw,f” “awmfyg/ rif;wdk@tcsif;csif; 'Dvdkajymr,fqdk+yD; !Sdxm;=urSmaygh/ 'dk@vmwm odaerSmyJ r[kwfvm; ” tJ'DrSm usaemfhudk ppfaq;aewkef; tcef;xJudk o&ufaxmifydkif OD;aomif;!Gef@ t&yf0wft&yfpm;eJ@ 0ifvmygw,f? +yD;awmh ol@&Hk;cef;xJu rD;cHaowWmudk zGifh+yD; [dk[m&Sm/ 'D[m&Smvkyfaeygw,f? wpfcsuf wpfcsuf usaemfhudkvnf; rsufapmif;xdk;+yD; tuJcwfvdkufygao;w,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm OD;jrifhodef;u “[if;aumif;vdk@ xrif;awmif;wm/ 'D[if;udk zsuf+yD;csufvdk@ b,foluajymwmvJ ” “axmifydkifu ajymwmyg ” “axmifydkifqdkwm axmifydkif}uD;vm;/ axmifydkifav;vm;? udk,f@axmifu axmifydkifemrnfudkawmif rodbl;vm; ” “axmifydkif Adkvf}uD;aomif;!Gef@yg ” tJ'DtcsdefrSm axmifydkifpm;yGJrSm &SdaewJh o&ufaxmifydkifaomif;!Gef@u usaemfhudk =unfh+yD; wpfcsuf +yHK;vdkufygw,f? ol@t+yHK;uat;puf+yD; aumufuspf,kwfrmr_awG tjynfhygygw,f? usaemfh ausmxJ pdrfhueJat;oGm;ygw,f? “rif;wdk@axmifxJrSm xrif;awGtydkawmif;/ +yD;&iftjcm;tusO;fom;awGudk aq;vdyfeJ@ vJvS,f w,fqdk ” “r[kwfygbl;/ b,folrS xrif;tydkr&ygbl;? xrif;pm;&wmr0vdk@ axmif0ifpmuaewqifh tdrfawG udkrkef@qef;rSm+yD; pm;&wmawG&Sdygw,f? axmifxJrSm0efxrf;awGom xrif;udk tdrfawGudk,loGm;wm &Sdygw,f ” “ a[haumif/ rif;jrifvdk@vm;/ rjrifyJeJ@ xifa=u;awGeJ@ 0efxrf;awGudk vmrajymeJ@/ udk,fh ta=umif;udkajym/ rif;udkar;wJh ta=umif;yJajz/ udk,feJ@rqdkifwJhudpPudk rajymeJ@/ =um;vm; ” “ [kwfuJh ” “ rif;wdk@ xrif;awGtydkawmif;+yD; rukefvdk@ yef;uefaq;bkwfrSm xrif;usefawGoGefypfxm;wJh tdk;awG jynfhaewmyJqdk/ 'grsdK;vkyfzdk@ raumif;bl;? axmifxJrSm tJ'Dvdk v$ifhjypfawmh tvum;oufoufrJh EdkifiHawmfydkufqHudk jzKef;wD;&m usw,f? +yD;awmh tJ'Dvdk pnf;urf;r&Sd xrif;usefawG v$ifhypfawmh ºuGwf vmr,f/ jcif/ ,if/vmr,f? +yD;&ifaxmifxJrSm ul;pufa&m*gjzpfr,f? rif;wdk@twGuf wpfudk,fa& oef@&Sif;a&; vn;f xdcdkufw,f ” “ usaemfwdk@awG xrif;usefawG v$ifhypfwm/ pGef@ypfxm;wJh ykef;awGrSm jynfhv#H+yD; trsm;}uD;jzpf aew,fqddkwm r[kwfygbl;? wcgwav axmifuau|;wJh xrif;awGxJrSm oJawG/ cJawG trsm;}uD;ygvdk@ bmrSrpm;Edkifvdk@ xrif;udk v$ifhypf&wmyg? usaemfwdk@awG[m xrif;udk t"dutpm;tpmtjzpf pm;&+yD; tvkyfvkyf&wmyg? aemuf v$ifhypfxm;wJh xrif;usefawGudkvnf; axmifrSmarG;xm;wJh 0ufawGtwGuf ae@wdkif;0ufbkwfu vm,laevdk@ wdkif;jynfaiGudk jzKef;ypfw,fvdk@ rqdkEdkifygbl; ” “ uJ...aumif;+yD? 'gqdk&if rif;wdk@udk tck xrif;00au|;+yD r[kwfvm; ” “ [kwfuJh au|;ygw,f? 'gayr,fh a&&Snfau|;r,f/ rau|;bl;qdkwm rajymwwfygbl; ”

“ au|;rSmyg? tckrif;wdk@udk 00au|;w,f r[kwfvm;? igwdk@&SdaewJh ypPKy`efudkyJ ajymyg? igwdk@awG rif;wdk@ axmifydkifeJ@ axmifrSL;awGudka&m tckvdkxrif;00au|;zdk@ rSmcJhr,f? [kwfvm;? tckawmh rif;u axmifxJrSm xrif;00vifvif pm;&ygw,f? 'Dtwdkif;yJ xGufqdkaygh ” “ usaemf'Dtcsufudk jiif;ygw,f? rajzqdkEdkifygbl;? axmifxJrSm xrif;00vifvif pm;&wmrS (1)&uf/ (2)&ufyJ &Sdygao;w,f? xrif;00vifvif pm;&ygw,fvdk@ vdrfvnf+yD; rxGufqdkEkdifygbl;? usaemf wifjywJh tcsufawGu trSefcsnf;yJ jzpfygw,f? tcktwdkif;yJ xGufqdkEkdifygw,f? ppfaq;a&;tzGJ@u rSmcJh ygw,fqdkwJh pum;vHkk;eJ@ jyefoGm;rSmyg? axmifxJrSm usefcJhrSmu usaemfwdk@ tusOf;om;awGeJ@ axmifydkifawGyJ usefcJhrSmyg? a&&SnfrSm au|;w,f/ rau|;bl;qdkwm rodao;ygbl;? 'gha=umifh ppfaq;a&;tzGJ@u xGufqdkcdkif;wJhtwdkif; usaemfrxGufqdkEkdifygbl; ” tJ'DtcgusrS ppfaq;a&;tzGJ@awG acgif;csif;qdkifvdkuf=uygw,f? +yD;rS usaemfajymwJhtwkdif; vufESdyfpuf &dkufzdk@ jynfaxmifrSL;udk OD;jrifhodef;u trdef@ay;vdkufygw,f? “ rif;axmifrSm xrif;00vifvif pm;&ovm; ” “ rpm;&ygbl; ” “ axmifydkifudka&m wifjyta=umif;=um;zl;vm; ” “ [kwfuJh wifjyzl;ygw,f? 'gayrJh axmiftm%mydkifu vdkufavsmr_r&SdcJhyg ” ( 'Dae&mrSm OD;jrifhodef;u “ axmifydkifu [if;aumif;vdk@ xrif;awmif;wm/ [if;udkzsufypf ” qdkwJh pum;vHk;udk jzKwfay;zdk@ arwWm&yfcHwma=umifh rxnfhoGif;EdkifcJhyg? ) “ rif;'Davmufqdk auseyfw,f r[kwfvm; ” “ 'Davmufqdk vufcHygw,f ” “ axmifxJrSm rif;a&qGJzl;ovm; ” 'Dta=umif;udk olwdk@rar;cifrwnf;u usaemfajzcsifwm ,m;aeygw,f? “ qGJcJhzl;ygw,f ” “ wpf&ufudk b,favmufqGJ&ovJ ” “ wpf&ufudk a&yHk; ( 900 ) avmufqGJ&ygw,f ” “ b,ft&G,ftpm; avmufyHk;rsdK;vJ/ w*gvHykH;t&G,fvm; ” “ r[kwfygbl;? a&yHk;u tawmf}uD;ygw,f? ayyguwW&mcGHeJh vkyfxm;wJh oHxnfjzpfygw,f? yHk;&Jh tom;wif tav;csdefwif awmfawmfav;ygw,f? a&*gvH ( 20 )cef@ qef@ygw,f? vl ( 5 )a,muf/ ( 6 ) a,mufavmufrS qGJwifEdkifrSmyg? a&yHk;udk=unfhr,fqdk&if usaemfwdk@ taqmifrSm&Sdygw,f? vdkuf=unfh vdk@&ygw,f ” OD;jrifhodef;eJ@ axmifrSL;awGu olwdk@tcsif;csif; wpfa,mufudkwpfa,muf =unfhvdkuf=uygw,f? tHh=ow}uD; jzpfaewJh rsufESmeJ@ =unfh+yD;rS OD;jrifhodef;u pum;jyefpygw,f? “ a[h...[kwf&J@vm;uGm/ =unfhvJvkyfygOD;/ 'dk@udkvmvdrfraeeJ@/ rif;av#muf+yD; yg;pyfxJ awG@u&m awG rajymeJ@? rif;udk tJ'Davmufrcdkif;ygbl; ” OD;jrifhodef;u ol@a&S@pm;yGJ cHkay:u pm&Gufwpf&Gufudk ,lvdkufygw,f? +yD;awmh usaemfhudk axmifjy ygw,f? “ a[haumif/ rif;oli,fcsif;awG 0if;EkdifOD;wdk@/ aZmf0if;xËf/ vS0if;wdk@ rif;odw,fr[kwfvm; ” “ odygw,f ” “ at;/ olwdk@ajymawmh rif;vdkr[kwfbl;/ rif;ajymwJh a&yHk;ta&twGufeJ@ wjcm;pDyJ? rif;igwdk@udk vmvdrfraeeJ@? a&yHk; ( 900 )qdkwm b,fvdkenf;eJ@rS rjzpfEdkifbl;? [dkaumifawGajymawmh ( 400 ) vm;/ ( 500 )vm;/ 'DavmufyJ? rif;usrSydkqdk;aew,f? aeprf;ygOD;/ rif;a&aum qGJ&vdk@vm;? yHk; ( 900 )qGJ&w,fvdk@ rif;b,fvdkajymEkdifvJ/ rif;udk,fwdkif a&wGufxm;wmvm; ”

“wdkufxJa&mufaewJh usaemfholi,fcsif;awGu &efukefuo&ufaxmifajymif;+yD; wvtwGif;rSmyJ wdkufxJ a&mufoGm;wma=umifh taqmifua&qGJ&wJh taetxm;eJ@ a&yHk;b,favmuf qGJ&w,fqdkwm olwdk@aoaocsmcsm odrSmr[kwfygbl;? aZmf0if;xGËf wpfa,mufyJ a&qGJavbm tawG@t}uHK&Sdygw,f? wpf&ufudk a&yHk;(900)ausmfqGJ&wmuvnf; usaemfudk,fwdkifa&qGJ+yD; udk,fwdkif wmvDrSwfxm;vdk@yg? ppfaq;a&;tzGJ@u r,Hk=unfvdk@&Sd&if usaemfh&Jh axmifeHygwf}uD;xJu tusOf;om;avbmrSm tvkyf(1)aqmif a&qGJ avbmvdk@ axmifydkifudk,fwdkif vufrSwfxdk;xm;wm &Sdygw,f ” tJ'DtcgrSmawmh ppfaq;a&;tzGJ@u usaemheHygwf}uD;xJu tvkyfwm0efae&mudk oJ}uD;rJ}uD; zwf&_ygw,f? zwf=unfh+yD;wJhtcgrSm olwdk@tm;vHk; 'DudkpPudk pdwf0ifpm;vmwJh vuQ%m jyvmygw,f? OD;jrifhodef;[m ol@&Jhudk,fydkif'dkif,m&DudkzGifh+yD; rSwfygawmhw,f? “ a&wpfyHk;qGJ&if vlb,favmufrS EdkifrSmvJ ” “ a&qGJwpfqdkif;rSm a&vSnfhwJholyg tygqdk&if (6)a,muf/ (7)a,mufavmufygyJ ” “ a&wpfqdkif;udk a&yHk;b,favmuf qGJ&vJ ” “ yHk;(50)yg ” “ a&yHk; (900)qdkwm wpfae@vHk; pkpkaygif;vm; ” “ [kwfygw,f/ taqmifta&SŒjcrf;/ taemufjcrf; pkpkaygif;yg ” usaemfhab;rSm&SdaewJh OD;at;v_difzufudkvSnfh+yD;. . . “ cifAsm;wdk@axmifxJrSm b,fawGa&ay;&vJ/ bmawG'DavmufoHk;wmvJ ” ar;vdkufawmh “ taqmifawmif,m/ tjyifawmif,m/ rdef;raqmif/ wdkufawGaomufa&/ taqmif a&csdK;/ 'DavmufygyJ ” vdk@jyefajzygw,f? “ atmf...[kwf+yD ” “ a&qGJ&wm yifyef;ovm; ” “ [m... yifyef;wmuawmh rajymygeJ@Asm/ usaemfqdk&if a&qGJae&if;eJ@yJ yifyef;vGef;vdk@ axmifxJrSm ypfvJuszl;ygw,f? axmifaq;&Hkawmif wufcJh&ygw,f? axmifq&m0ef a'gufwm aqGaqG0if;udk ar;=unfh &if odEdkifygw,f ” usaemfhtajztqHk;rSm olwdk@bmrS qufrar;awmhyJ wpfckckudk pOf;pm;ae=uygw,f? +yD;awmh (3)OD;om; wD;wdk;ajym=u jyefygw,f? o&ufaxmifu tm%mydkifawGuawmh usaemfhudk/ pm;rwwf rsufvHk; awGeJ@ wpfrsdK;/ pdwfysufvufysuft=unfhawGeJ@ wpfzHk =unfhaeygw,f? awmfawmfav; =umwJhtcgusrS OD;jrifhodef;uyJ... “tif;/ rif;ajymwJhtxJrSm wpf&ufudka&yHk;(900)qGJ&w,fqdkwm b,fvdkrSrjzpfEdkifbl;? rif;aoao csmcsm jyefpOf;pm;yg? trSwfrSm;wmaum rjzpfEdkifbl;vm;? yHk;(900)avmufqGJ&&ifuGm / aoukefrSmaygh? yHk;(400)avmufqdk&if jzpfEdkifao;w,f ” “usaemfhtaeeJ@ 'Da&mufuwnf;u a&udk yifyifyef;yef; qGJvm&wm tckxdygyJ? udk,fwdkifvnf; aoaocsmcsm rSwfxm;wmyg ” “a&qGJw,fqdkwmuvnf; rif;wdk@tusOf;om;awGoHk; zdk@yJr[kwfvm;/ aemuf+yD;rif;wdk@ 5(n)awG csnf;yJ qGJcdkif;wmvm;/ tjcm;&mZ0wfr_awGaum ygao;vm; ” “ a&qGJavbmudk usaemfwdk@5(n)awGcsnf;yJ taqmifwdkif;rSm qGJ&wmyg? &mZ0wfr_ tusOf;om; awGu jypf'%fusrSom a&qGJ'%f(1)ywf/ (2)ywfqdk+yD; cswmyg? wpfcgwpfav jypf'%ftusOf;om;u wpfa,muf/ ESpfa,mufyJ&Sdygw,f? 'gha=umifh usaemfwdk@udk jypf'%ftjzpf a&qGJcdkif;wmvdk@ xifrdygw,f ” “ aumif;+yD/ rif;tck wifjywJhtcsufawGudk igwdk@txufudk wifjyay;r,f/ rif;wdk@tckcsdefup+yD; a&rqGJ&atmif igwdk@ajymay;cJhr,f? rif;yxru xrif;r0wkef;u rif;ajymwJhtwdkif; 'dk@uvdkufavsm+yD;

rSwfwrf;wifcJhw,f? 'Dwpfcg igwdk@udktjyeftvSef vdkufavsmwJhtaeeJ@ rif;ajymwJh a&qGJ&wJhyHk; ta& twGufu wtm;rsm;aew,f? &kyfvnf;ysufw,f? txufudk rif;ajymwJh twdkif;wifjy&if ,Hk=unfrSm r[kwfbl;? tJ'Dawmh a&yHk;(400) wpfae@qGJ&ygw,fvdk@ rif;uxGufqdkay;/ [kwfvm; ” “ usaemfudk,fwdkif wpfae@udk a&yHk;(900)udk aeylylusJusJrSm qGJ&wm jzpfwma=umifh a&yHk;(400)vdk@ vdrfvnfrxGufqdkEdkifygbl; ” “ 'DvdkvkyfuGm / rif;udkvdrfvnfxGufqdkzdk@ igwdk@wdkufwGef;aewm r[kwfygbl;? rif;wdk@vnf; repfem&atmif/ igwdk@vnf; txufudk wifjywJhtcgrSm jzpfEdkifacs&Sdatmif &kyfysufqif;ysuf rjzpfatmif wpfa,mufeJ@wpfa,muf =unfhzdk@ajymwmyg? rif;tckxGufqdkwJh xGufqdkcsufrSm a&yHk;(500)yJqGJ&w,fvdk@ 'dk@udkvufrSwfxdk;ay;zdk@/ 'dk@tzGJ@taeeJ@ oD;oef@ rSwfpkxGufqdkcsufqdk+yD; rif;ajymwJh yHk;(900)udktaotcsm rSwf+yD; vl}uD;awGeJ@ awG@wJhtcgrSm wifjyay;r,f/ b,fvdkvJ ” “ usaemftaeeJ@ wpfckrS rvdkufavsmEdkifygbl;? usaemfwu,fqGJ&wJh a&yHk;(900)udk pm&Gufay:rSm &dkufESdyfrS usaemhfvufrSwf xdk;ay;EdkifrSmyg? axmifydkif}uD;wdk@ taeeJ@ usaemfh&JhxGufqdkcsufawGudk oHo, &Sdw,f qdk&if/ jzpfEdkifacsr&Sdbl;qdk&if usaemfhxGufqdkcsufawGudk &yfpJ+yD; a&qGJavbmuswJh tusOf;om; aemufwpfa,mufudk ac:,lar;jref;Edkifygw,f? olwdk@udkar;vnf; usaemfajymwJh ta&twGuf wdkif;yJajym rSmyg/ 'gawG[m }udKwifpDrHxm;vdk@ &wmr[kwfygbl; ” 'DtcgrSmawmh ppfaq;a&;tzGJhu bmrSjyefrar;awmhyJ jynfaxmifrSL;u vufESdyfpuf p&dkufvdkufyg awmhw,f? OD;jrifhodef;u ar;cGef;udk jyefpar;ygw,f? “ o&ufaxmifrSm a&qGJzl;ygovm; ” “ usaemftif;pdefaxmifu ajymif;vmuwnf;u (1)aqmifa&qGJtvkyfuswJh oljzpfygw,f ” “ wpfae@udk a&b,favmufqGJ&vJ ” “ a&*gvH(20)0if yHk;eJ@ wpfae@udk a&yHk;(900)qGJ&ygw,f ” “ a&qGJwJhtcgrSm tjcm;tusOf;om;awG ygovm;/ 5(n)tr_awGcsnf;yJ cdkif;wmvm; ” “ 5(n)tr_awGcsnf;yJ cdkif;wmyg? tjcm;tusOf;om;awGudk jypf'%fjzpfrS cdkif;wmyg ” “ a&qGJ&wJhtcgrSm yifyef;ovm; ” “ usaemfa&qGJ&mrSm yifyef;vGef;vdk@ aq;&Hkodk@ wufa&mufuko cH&zl;ygw,f ” “ eJeJyg;yg;awmh yifyef;rSmayghuGm/ rif;wdk@tvkyfrvkyfyJ b,foluxrif; tvum;au|;rSmvJ? rif;wdk@udk ppfcHk&Hk;utrdef@csuwnf;u tvkyf=urf;eJ@axmif'%f owfrSwfxm;wm r[kwfvm; ” “ [kwfygw,f/ usaemfwdk@udkcdkif;wJh tvkyfu awmfawmfyifyef;ygw,f? xrif;vnf; 0atmifr au|;awmh tm[m&csdKŒwJh+yD; tvkyfyifyef;wJh'%fudk rcHEdkifygbl; ” “ axmifxJrSm jypf'%fjzpf&if t&dkufcH&r,f/ jypf'%frjzpf&if t&dkufrcH&bl;qdkwm [kwfovm; ” 'Dar;cGef;[m usaemfhudk yxruwnf;u ar;wJhar;cGef;jzpfygw,f? 'Dar;cGef;udk ajzzdk@ usaemfrodwJh/ usaemfr&Sif;wJhtcsuftcsdKŒudk ar;jref;cGifhjyKzdk@ awmif;qdkvdkufygw,f? tJ'guawmh axmifxJrSm &SdwJhpnf; urf;awGeJ@ ywfouf+yD; jypf'%fay;yHkudk r&Sif;vif;vdk@ ar;jref;wmawGyJjzpfygw,f? ( pum;csyf? ? axmifxJudka&mufvmwJh tusOf;om;awGxJrSm &oifh&xdkufwJh tcGifhta&;awG qHk;&_H;&wmeJ@ywfouf+yD; axmifOya'eJ@tnD EdkifiHa&;r_rsm;[m wpfpdkufrwfrwfawmif;qdkwifjy=uygw,f? wpfcgu tif;pdefaxmifrSm EdkifiHa&;tusOf;orm;wpfa,muf[m axmiftm%mydkifawG&Jh bufvdkufr_awGudk rauseyfvdk@ tusOf;axmifvufpGJ Oya'(Burma jail munual) eJ@rudkufnDbl; ajymqdkygw,f? tJ'DtcgrSm axmiftm%mydkifawGu aeprf;ygOD;/ rif;u tusOf;om;vufpGJOya'(Burma jail manual) qdkwmudk b,favmufem;vnfvdk@vJ? &Sif;prf;ygOD; ajym+yD; tusOf;axmifvufpGJOya' (Burma jail manual) pmtkyfudkay;+yD; &Sif;vif;csuf xkwfygw,f?

trSefwu,fawmh ,ckvuf&Sd usaemfwdk@EdkifiHu tusOf;axmifawGrSm toHk;jyKaewJh tusOf; axmifvufpGJ Oya'(Burma jail manual) [m udkvdkeDtpdk;& vufxufuwnf;u t*FvdyfawG jyXmef;xm;wJh Oya'jzpfygw,f? +Adwdo#tpdk;&vufxufuwnf;u a&;qGJxm;wJhaxmifOya'udk jrefrm tpdk;&tqufqufu jyifqifwnf;jzwf+yD; jrefrmh[ef axmifOya'vufpGJjyKvkyfxm;wmjzpfygw,f? pmtkyfvHk;udk t*Fvdyfvdk a&;om;xm;wmjzpf+yD; jyifqifwnf;jzwfwJhtydkif;rSm Oyrmtm;jzifh udkvdkeD vufxufu tusOf;axmifawGxJrSm EdkifiHa&;yk'freJ@ axmifusaeolrsm;udk tqifhcGJ+yD; tcGifhta&; owfrSwf ay;xm;ygw,f? tJ'DtcGifhta&;awGu pmtkyfpmwrf;/ owif;pmzwf&_cGifheJ@/ pma&;om;cGifh pwm awGjzpfygw,f? 'gayr,fh rqvvufxufrSm EdkifiHa&;tusOf;orm;awG&Jh &ydkifcGifhawGudk zsufodrf;cJhygw,f? ) tckvnf; usaemfutusOf;om;axmifvufpGJ Oya'(Burma jail manual) ywfouf+yD; ppfaq;a&; tzGJ@udk ar;jref;cJhygw,f? “ axmifydkif}uD;cifAsm/ tusOf;axmifvufpGJOya'(Burma jail manual) eJ@ywfouf+yD; r&Sif;vif;wJh tcsufawGudk ar;cGifhjyKyg? tusOf;axmifvufpGJOya'(Burma jail manual) pmtkyf[m wtkyfvHk;udk t*Fvdyfvdka&;om;xm;vdk@ od&ygw,f? usaemfwdk@ tusOf;om;awGvdkufem&r,fh tydkif;eJ@ jypf'%fay;r_tydkif;awGudk 1991 ckESpftwGif;rSm &efukeftif;pdefaxmifu axmiftm%mydkifrsm;u wpfyk'f csif;pD bmomjyef+yD; pm&Gufpmwrf;awG a0iS+yD; taqmifwdkif;u tusOf;om;awGem;vnfatmif ae@wdkif; &Sif;vif; zwf=um;wmawG vkyf=uygw,f? 'DudpPudk usaemfha&SŒrSm&SdaewJh &efukeftif;pdefaxmifu axmifrSL;}uD; OD;jrifhOD;udk,fwkdifod&Sdr,fvddk@ xifygw,f? tusOf;axmifvufpGJ Oya'(Burma jail manual) rSm tusOf; om;awGae@pOf vdkufem&r,fh Oya'trdef@(45)ckeJ@ 0efxrf;rsm;vdkufem&r,fh Oya'trdef@ (54)ckwdk@&Sdygw,f? tusOf;om;awGvdkufem&r,fh tydk'fxJrSmyg0ifwJh tcsufawGu axmifwGif;ae@pOfaexdkif/ pm;aomufr_/ oGm;vmr_/ vkyfudkifr_awGeJ@ywfouf+yD; aqmif&ef/ a&Smif&efawGudk tJ'DOya' tydk'fawGrSm tus,fw0ifh azmfjyxm;ygw,f? tJ'Dtyk'f t+yD;rSm aqmif&efa&Smif&efawGudk rvdkufemwJh tusOf;om;awGudk tjypfay;wJh tpD tpOfawGyg&SdwJh Oya'tydkif;udkvnf; azmfjyxm;ygw,f? jypf'%fudk tqifhvdkufazmfjyxm;+yD; tJ'Dtqifh awGuawmh yxrtqifhtaeeJ@ (1)axmif0ifpmydwfr,f (2)ajcusif;cwfr,f (3)a'gufwyfr,f (4)wdkufydwfjypf'%fay;r,fvdk@ yg&Sdygw,f? em&Dydkif;aumfpm;jypf'%fay;jcif;eJ@ tjrifhqHk;jypf'%ftjzpf tusOf;om;udk xrif;rau|;yJ aumfpm;jypf'%f(48)em&D jyKvkyfjcif;awG jzpfygw,f? 'DtusOf;om;rsm; vdkufemr,fh jypf'%fay;r_tydkif;udk tif;pdefaxmifrSm w&m;0ifjzef@a0xm;vdk@ usaemfodcJh&ygw,f? usaemfr &Sif; wJh[mu tusOf;om;wpfOD;udk jypf'%fay;wJhtcgrSm aumfpm;jypf'%fyJ jzpfygw,f? 'gayr,fh vdkufem &r,fhtcsufxJu rvdkufemoludk }udrf'%fb,favmuf&dkuf&r,f/ av;zufaxmufoGm;cdkif+yD; }udrf'%f udk }udKufoavmuf&dkufEdkifw,fvdk@ azmfjyxm;wJh[mudk tusOf;om;jypf'%fay;a&; tydkif;rSm rawG@&ygbl;? usaemfwdk@EdkifiHrSm vGwfvyfa&;&wJh 1947 ckESpfuwnf;u w&m;&Hk;awGrSm }udrf'%fay;jcif;udk y,fzsuf xm;w,fvdk@ od&ygw,f? tu,fvdk@ }udrf'%fay;wm[m w&m;0ifjcif;r&Sdawmh&if tusOf;om;awGeJ@ 0efxrf;awG odomap&ef xkwfjyefa=ujim ay;apvdkygw,f? }udrf'%fay;wm[m touf0if aeao;w,f qdk&ifvnf; od&Sdatmif &Sif;vif; ajymqdkay;apvdkygw,f ” OD;jrifhodef;u usaemfhudkaoaocsmcsm pdkuf=unfh+yD; “rif;wdk@ 5(n)awGu axmifxJrSm awmfawmf }uD;}uD;us,fus,fOya' pum;ajymwJh aumifawGyJ? pum;ajymvdkuf&if(BJM)u rcsawmhbl;? rif;udk&Sif;&Sif;yJajymr,f/ raorcsif;rSwfxm;? rif;wdk@tusOf;om;awGudk }udrf'%ftjypfay;wmudk vmrajymeJ@? axmifu Al;pifawGrSm&SdwJh aoewfawGu rif;wdk@udk ypfvdk@&w,f? Al;0awGrSm aoewf udkif0efxrf;awGudk tvum;xm;wm r[kwfbl;? rif;wdk@wpfckckvkyf&if ypfzdk@yJ? rif;wdk@u owfrSwfxm;wJh Oya'udk vdkufem+yD; aexdkif&ifawmh b,folurS jy\em&Sm+yD; aoewfeJ@ rypfbl;? axmifqlr,f/

xGufajy;zdk@}udK;pm;r,f qdk&ifawmh rif;ajymwJh}udrf'%frajymeJ@ aoewfeJ@ygypfvdk@&w,f? axmifxJrSm0efxrf;awGu vufvGwfpy,f rvkyfygbl;? rif;rJhwdkif;jynfrS r[kwfwm/ }uD;wJhtr_i,fap/ i,fwJhtr_ yaysmufapqdkwJh twkdif;yJ wkwfeJ@ajcmufoifhwmajcmuf/ &dkufoifhwJhae&mrSm&dkuf/ rmefoifhwJh ae&mrSm rmef&w,fuG. . .” “[kwfuJh. . . axmifydkif}uD; apmapmu ajymoGm;ovdkyJ }uD;wJhtr_i,fapqdkwJh pum;t& ajym&r,fqdk&if usaemf wdk@taqmifrSm aZmf0if;xGËfqdkwJh tusOf;om;wpfa,muf aomufa&usefwmudk tjyifzufudk oGefypfvdkufwJhudpP tJ'Dtr_ao;ao;av;udk ac:,lqHk;r aqG;aEG;+yD; owday;vdkuf&if/ pum;ajymqdkvdkuf&if ajyvnfoGm;EdkifwJh jy\emudk tyfeJ@xGif;&rSmudk ykqdefeJ@aygufovdk acG;vdk/ EGm;vdkrw &m; &dkufESuf+yD; tjypfay;wm rw&m;ygbl;? wpfcsdKŒae&mawGrSm jypf'%fjzpfatmif tm%mydkifawGu zefwD;+yD;vkyf,laewmawG &Sdygw,f? 'gha=umifh jypf'%fjzpf&if t&dkufcH&r,f/ rjzpf&if t&dkufrcH&bl; qdkwJhtcsufu rrSefygbl;? rajymyavmufwJh tjypfav;awGudk yHk}uD;csJŒay;aewmawG &Sdaevdk@ jypf'%fjzpf&if t&dkufcH &r,fqdkwJhtcsufudk usaemfvHk;0vufrcHEdkifygbl; ” “ uJ. . .aumif;+yD/ rif;vufrcHbl;qdk&ifvnf; 'Dtcsufudk igwdk@oD;jcm;rSwfxm;ay;r,f? 'D tpD tpOfrSmawmh rxnfhawmhbl;? ppfaq;wmudk tqHk;owfr,f ” ajym+yD;wmeJ@ wpf+ydKufeuf om,m0wDaxmifydkif}uD; OD;jrifhodef;u vufrSwfxdk;ygw,f? ppfaq;cH &olae&mrSm usaemfhudk vufrSwfxdk;cdkif;+yD; usaemf&Jh oufaoxGufqdkcsufudk tqHk;owfvdkufygw,f? ppfaq;r_;+yD;wJhtcsdefu naeapmif;aeyg+yD? axmifydkiftcef;xJu usaemfxGufvmawmh usaemfhudk taqmifu ac:vmwJh OD;at;v_difeJ@ axmifr_;OD;ausmf&Sdefwdk@u usaemfhudk axmifAl;0uae axmif0ifpmcef; udk ac:+yD; }udrf;armif;qJqdkygawmhw,f? OD;at;v_difu “ OD;ausmf&Sdef/ q&m}uD;ac:vmwJh aumifav;Asm/ r[kwfwmawGav#muf ajymvdkufwm tukef jy\emwufawmhwmyJ ” OD;ausmf&Sdefu “rodbl;av/ axmifydkifu 'Daumifav; at;w,fqdk+yD; a&G;wmyJ? yxr tqifajy om;yJ? a[haumif/ rif;bmawG av#mufajymvdkufvJ ” OD;at;v_difu usaemfhudk awmfawmfa'goxGufaeygw,f “ bmvJuG. . .xrif;r0wmawG/ a&qGJ&wmyifyef;wmawG tukefav#mufajymawmh uJ... tckb,fvdkvkyfrvJ ” usaemfu ppfaq;a&;tzGJ@awGu trSeftwdkif;ajymygqdkvdk@ ajymvdkufwm jzpfygw,f vdk@yJjyef ajzvdkuf+yD; olwdk@a'gotifrwef xGufaewma=umifh bmrSxyf+yD;rajymawmhyJ tom+idrf aevdkufygw,f? olwdk@awG tm;&atmifqJqdk+yD;rS usaemfhudk taqmifjyefrydk@yJ wdkufydwfvdkufygw,f? usaemfhrSm tjypfr&SdyJ bmha=umifh wdkufydwfwmvJvdk@ axmifydkifwef;pDrSm wifjyawmh axmifydkifu “ rif;&JhvHk+cHKa&;t&aygh ” vdk@ wHk;wdwdjyefajz+yD; usaemfhudk aocsm=unfhygw,f? +yD;rS “ aevif;...'Daumifav;at;ygw,f atmufarhaewm/ tpG,fav;eJ yJ ” ajym+yD; xGufcGmoGm;ygw,f? tJ'Daemufydkif; 5(n)tusOf;om;awG tm;vHk;&Jh tepfemcH/ t&dkuf tESufcH+yD; udk,fusdK;pGef@r_&Jh &vm'ftjzpf usaemfwdk@ a&qGJavbmu touf}uD;&ifholawG/ a&m*g&SdolkawGudk a&G;xkwf+yD; tjcm;oufomwJhtaqmifwGif;u tvkyfbkwfawGudk ajymif;vJ owfrSwfvkdufygw,f? xrif; udkvnf; axmif0ifpmuae rkef@qrf;awGrSm,lp&m rvdkawmhyJ 00vifvifau|;ygawmhw,f? ( tckcsdefawmh rajymwufawmhyg? usaemfaxmifuae vGwfvmwJh 1995xdawmh xrif;udk 00 vifvifau|;ygw,f? )

aemufydwf jypf'%ftjzpf tusOf;om;awGudk acG;&dkuf/ EGm;&dkuf /&dkufwmESufwmrsdK; odyfrawG@ &awmhyg? (c) tnmc&D; r=umcifrSm usaemfwdk@ axmifajymif;ta,muf(100)xJu EdkifiHa&;tusOf;orm;(5)a,muf axmifajymif; cHvdkuf&ygw,f? axmifajymif;cHvdkuf&wJh olawGuawmh udkjrifhqef; 5(n)/ 17(1) rEWav;axmif udkom;!Gef@OD; 5(n) rHk&Gmaxmif udkaZmfrif;(AHkwdk) 5(n) yckuULaxmif udkarmifarmifjrifh 5(n) a&$bdkaxmif udkEdkifrGef 5(n)/ 17(1) rdwWDvmaxmif wdk@yJjzpfygw,f? tJ'DxJu rHk&Gmaxmifudk ajymif;a&$ŒcHvdkuf&wJholwpfOD; jzpfwJh udkom;!Gef@OD; udk,fwdkifwifJjyxm;wJh ol@&JhaxmiftawG@t}uHK udk rl&if;twdkif;azmfjyvdkufygw,f? om;!Gef@OD; yxrESpf aq;wuUodkvf (1) 1988rSm aq;wuUodkvf ausmif;om;or*~eJ@twl wufwufºuGºuG v_yf&Sm;cJhw,f? 1988puf wifbmvY ppfwyfrS tm%modrf;csdefwGif autef,l vGwfajrmufe,fajrodk@ awmcdkcJhw,f? 1988 'DZifbm vwGif &efukefodk@wm0efjzifhvnf; a&mufvmcJhonf? xdk@aemufAuorsm; tzGJ@csKyfwGif yg0ifaqmif &GufcJhonf? 1989 azazmf0g&DvwGif tif;pdeftusOf;axmifY wpfvcef@ xdef;odrf;cH&+yD; jyefvGwfajrmufvm onfhaemuf Auorsm;tzGJ@csKyf jyefvnfzGJ@pnf;a&;aumfrwDY wm0ef,lcJhonf? 1990 {+yDvwGif Auorsm;tzGJ@csKyf (atmufArmjynf)udk zGJ@pnf;&mwGif OD;aqmifyg0ifcJhonf? 1990atmufwdkbmvwGif yk'fr 5(n)jzifhppftpdk;&. zrf;qD;r_udkcHcJh&+yD; axmif'%f (5)ESpfcsrSwf jcif;cHcJh&onf? 1991 Edk0ifbmv(24) &ufwGif tif;pdefaxmifrS o&ufodk@ ajymif;a&GŒjcif;cH&um 1992 'DZif bmvY rHk&Gmaxmifodk@ xyfrHajymif;a&GŒ cHcJh&onf? 1994 'DZifbmvY axmifrS jyefvGwfajrmuf+yD; Auorsm;tzGJ@csKyf A[dkpnf;&Hk;a&;aumfrwDwGif wm0efxrf;aqmifcJhonf? 1996 'DZifbmausmif;om;v_yf&Sm;r_wGif OD;aqmifyg0ifcJhojzifh ppftpdk;&. vdkufvHzrf;qD;r_a=umifh 1997 Zefe0g&DwGif xdkif;-jrefrm e,fpyfodk@ xGufajy;wdrf;a&SmifcJhonf? vl@abmifopf 'Drdku&ufwpfygwDwGif A[dkaumfrwD0iftjzpf wm0ef,lcJhonf? xdk@aemuf 1988 =o*kwfvwGif Auorsm;tzG@JcsKyf EdkifiHjcm;a&;&maumfrwDtm; pwifzGJ@&mYyg0ifcJh+yD; vuf&Sdwm0efxrf; aqmif aeqJjzpfonf? 1999'DZifbmvwGif EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm; ulnDapmifha&Smufa&;toif; (jrefrmEdkifiH) wGif EdkifiHa&;tusOf;orm;a[mif;taejzifh yg0ifv_yf&Sm;qJ jzpfonf? tcef;axmifhrSm [if;cdk;csufwkef; “yHkpH” qdkwJhtoHa=umifh usaemfbmvkyf&awmhrSef; rodbl; jzpfoGm;w,f? tem;rSm tqifoifhvkyfxm;wJh oJawGudk yvwfpwpfcGHawG&_dŒxm;wJh rD;yHkay: oGefcsvdkuf w,f?

csufaewJh[if;cGufudk teH@rxGufatmif tjcm;yef;uefwpfckeJ@ tjreftkyfvdkufw,f? aemufwHcg;0 udk oGm;+yD; wifyv†ifacGyHkpHeJ@ xdkifvdkufw,f? r=umygbl;? axmifydkifaomif;!Gef@ 0ifvmw,f? usaemftHhtm;oifh oGm;w,f? usaemfxifwm axmifr_;wpfa,mufa,mufyJvdk@ wGufxm;wm? usaemfwdk@pum;&efudk a=umufvdk@ wdkufxJudk axmifydkif 0ifrvmwm tawmf=um+yD? axmifydkifwef;pDqdk&ifawmif bmudkrS r=unfhyJ wdkufudkjzwfav#muf&Hk av#mufoGm;wm wpfvavmuf&Sd+yD? wef;wef;rwfrwfyJ usaemfhtcef;a&SŒudk OD;wnfvmw,f? aemuftcef;0rSm vm&yfw,f? ESmacgif; w&_Œ&_ŒeJ@ tcef;0 wHwdkif;udkudkif+yD; tcef;wGif;udk =unfhw,f? “ bmeH@awGvJ ” aemufuygvmwJh tusOf;OD;pD;0efxrf;i,fuawmh vHk;0rsufESmysufae+yD? usaemfudk,fwdkifuvnf; bmajym&rSef;rodawmh? oJyHkawGeJ@ oHyef;uefjym;awGudk awG@oGm;+yD; wpfcsuf+yHK;&Hk+yHK;vdkuf+yD; tjcm;zuf rsufESmv$Jvdkufw,f? onfaxmifydkifonfvdk t+yHK;rsdK;udk usaemfta=umufqHk;yJ? onft+yHK;aemufuG,frSm pOf;vJwJh tawG;t}uHawG trsm;}uD;&Sdw,fqdkwm usaemf odvdkufw,f? axmifxJrSm (txl;ojzifh tckvdk wdkufcef;twGif;rSm ) [if;cdk;csufwm wu,fhudk tjypf}uD;wpfckyJav? axmifxJrSm rD;jcpfaqmifcGifhr&Sdbl;? [if;pdrf; aqmifcGifhr&Sdbl;? [if;csufcGifhr&Sdbl;? wdkufcef;twGif;udk tkwfusdK;yJhawG oGif;cGifhr&Sdbl;? tcktJ'g awGtm;vHk;eJ@ usaemf+idpGef;ae+yD? axmifxJrSmvnf; wpfywfrSwpfcgau|;wJh tom;qdkwm vHk;0pm; vdk@r&atmif rmausm/ t&omur&SdeJ@rdk@ usaemfwdk@uawmh ausmudk&if;+yD; v#mt&om,l wwf=uw,f? tckusaemfhtvSnfh [if;cdk;csufygw,f? axmifwpfckvHk;t}uD;qHk; axmifydkifeJ@rS vufyl;vuf=uyf vmrdygw,f? usaemfbmwwfEdkifawmhrSmvJ? “ rif;t0wftpm;ypPnf;awGu 'gtukefyJvm; ” tifrwefudk =unf=unfvifvif csdKcsdKomomeJ@ ar;vdkufwJh axmifydkif&JhtoH[m usaemfhudk t&rf; tHhtm;oifh oGm;apygw,f? a,mif,rf;+yD;acgif;ndwfrdw,f? “ usef;rma&;aum aumif;oGm;+yDvm; ” +yD;cJhwJhtywfu usaemfzsm;wmudk &nf&G,fw,fxifyg&Jh? acgif;ndwfjyvdkufw,f? wpfckckawmh rSm;,Gif;ae +yDqdkwm wyftyfodvdkufw,f? usaemfwdk@tay: wpfckr[kwfwpfck tjypf&Sm+yD; tjypfay;wwfwJh onfaxmifydkif onfavmufxdawmh apwemxm;rSmr[kwfbl;qdkwm acgif;xJrSm &Sdaew,f? +yD;awmh usaemfh tcef;a&SŒuae qufav#mufoGm;w,f? wpfzufu AHkwdk (aZmfrif;-tkwfzdkvl@abmifopf) tcef;a&SŒrSm tvm;wl csdKcsdKomomeJ@ ar;oHawG=um;ae&ygw,f? aemuf udkEdkifrGef(enf;jy/ &efukefwuUodkvf) tcef;a&SŒrSm xyf=um;&w,f? aemufwdkufxJuae xGufoGm;wJhajcoHawG =um;ae&w,f? wpfwdkuffvHk;(usaemfwdk@ 3a,mufvHk;) tawmf=um +idrfoufaew,f? wpfwdkufvHk; usaemfwdk@ (3)a,mufyJ&Sd=uw,f? usaemf&,f/ udkEdkifrGef&,f/ AHkwdk&,f wpfa,muf wpfcef;pDaygh? usefwJhtcef; tm;vHk; tvGwfawGcsnf;yJ? axmifxJrSm vlacsmif aevdk@awmhr[kwfygbl;? usaemfwdk(3)a,mufukd jypf'%feJ@ onf wdkufudk ydk@vdkufuwnf;u ,cifonfwdkufrSm aecJhzl;ol tm;vHk;udk tjcm;a&GŒ vdkufw,f? jypf'%f qdkvkd@ }uD;} uD;us,fus,f axmifwGif;Oya'awG csdK;azmufwmawmh r[kwfygbl;? axmif0ifpmudpP/ aq;0g;udpP/ xrif;yHkpHudpP/ tvkyfcdkif;wJhudpP awmfawmfrsm;rsm;rSm rw&m;r_awGudk usaemfwdk@ o&ufaxmif(4)aqmifuae tqufrjywf wifjycJhw,f? wifjyr_wdkif;udk ta&;r,lwma=umifh tvkyfrvkyfEdkifwm/ tdyfwef;r0ifwm pwJh tm%mzDqefr_awG vkyfcJh=uw,f? (4)aqmifrSmuvnf; usaemf wdk@(3)cef;u vli,fawGcsnf;yJ?'ga=umifh tm%mydkifawGeJ@ xdyfwdkufawG@wdkif; usaemfwdk@eJ@csnf;yJ t&ifawG@w,f? wpfcgwkef;uqdk nzuf}uD;rD;ysufwJhtcsdef tdyfaqmifbm,mawGeJ@ usaemfwdk@tcef;uvli,fawG jy\emwufcJh=uw,f? axmifrSmxHk;pHu rD;ysuf&if tm;vHk;vSJxm;&w,f? tJ'Dn rD;ysufawmh bm,m

awGu tm;vHk;udk vSJcdkif;xm;w,f? acgif;&if;cef;rSm tcef;vl}uD;eJ@ &mZ0wfom;tcsdKŒuxdkif+yD; pum;pk ajymaewkef;yJ? usaemfwdk@awGvnf; xHk;pHtwdkif; pum;pkajymaewkef;aygh? onfntcsdefrSm bm,mawGu wkwfawGudkif+yD; usaemfwdk@qD pkvm=uw,f? usaemfwdk@udk twif;vSJcdkif;xm;w,f? usaemfwdk@xJu OD;tdEMu(bkef;}uD;)u olajymwJh pum;udkr&yfyJ qufajymaew,f? “ vSJcdkif;&if tm;vHk;vSJcdkif;aygh/ usKyfwdk@udkcsnf;yJvmrajymeJ@ ” &JausmfpGm&Jh rmausmausmtoHudk tcef;vl}uD; bJO=um;oGm;w,f? “ b,faumifvJuG/ bm,mudkcHajymwm? ajymr&&if aqmfomaqmf ” bJO&JhtoHeJ@twl bm,mawGwkwfawGjyif+yD; uyfvm=uw,f? w+ydKifeufrSmyJ pdwfqwfwJh pnfol0if; (awmifOuUvmy)uae 0dkif;vnfrSmcsxm;wJh ylylaEG;aEG; a&aEG;tdk;udk aumufqGJvdkufw,f? usaemfwdk@ wm;csdefr&ygbl;? bm,mawGqDudk a&aEG;tdk;0JoGm;w,f? bm,mawGaemufqkwf+yD; tcsdefrSDa&Smif vdkufEdkifw,f? tcef;eH&Hudkxd+yD; yvwfpwpfa&aEG;tdk; uGJxGufoGm;w,f? a&aEG;awGvGifhpif+yD; wpfcef;vHk;udk qlnHoGm;apw,f? tcef;vl}uD;bJOuae nmoHay;+yD; ol@vlawGeJ@ usaemfwdk@qDajy;vmzdk@ }udK;pm;w,f? usaemfwdk@ tm;vHk; wpf+ydKifwnf;x+yD; jyefvnfwkef@jyefzdk@ jyifvdkuf=uw,f? 0efxrf;awG taqmiftwGif;udk ajy;0if vm=uw,f? +yD;awmh bm,mawGudk &dkufzdk@ trdef@ay;w,f? 'gayr,fh b,folurS usaemfwdk@qDruyf&Jbl;? olwdk@vef@oGm;wmu usaemfwdk@csnf; r[kwfawmhbl;? usaemfwdk@eJhtwlwlaewJh autef,lu &JabmfawG/ 88ta&;tcif;u vlowfr_eJ@ ESpf}uD;us+yD; o&ufaxmifudk ajymif;cJh&wJh &efukefaxmifu vlrdkufawGyg usaemfwdk@zufrSm &Sdaew,fav? usaemfwdk@udk wpfckckvkyfawmhr,fqdkwmeJ@ olwddk@uyg 0ifygawmhr,fqdkwJ@oabmeJ@ olwdk@vnf; x&yf =uygw,f? tJonfnu wpfnvHk; tcef;vl}uD;eJ@ bm,muwpfzuf/ usaemfwdk@uwpfzuf tcef; xJrSm b,folrSrtdyfyJ &efapmifae=uw,f? 0efxrf;awGuawmh tcef;tjyifuyJ apmifh=unfhaew,f? olwdk@ujzpfvm&if tcef;vl}uD;tkyfpkudk ulnDzdk@ apmifhae=uwmyg? nzuftcef;zGifh0ifvdk@ r&vdk@om tjyifu ae=unfhaewmyg? neufydkif;rSm axmifr_;OD;at;v_difvm=unfhw,f? reufrdk;vif;awmh rdef;a*s;vf&Hk;uae emrnfpm&if;awG vmatmfw,f? rdef;a*s;vfaxmifr_;qDudk tjrefvmzdk@ac:w,f? usaemf&,f/ AHkwdk&,f/ pnfol0if;eJ@ &JausmfpGmwdk@ av;a,muf rdef;a*s;vfa&mufoGm;w,f? nzuf tjzpftysufudk ar;w,f? ajym&&ifawmh etzaxmifwGif;yHkpH t&qdk&if usaemfwdk@zufu vHk;0rSm;aew,f? tcef;vl}uD; bmvkyfvkyf jyefajymcGifhawmif&SdwmrS r[kwfwm? reufxrif;pm;csdeftxd usaemfwdk@udk xrif;pm;cGifh ray; bl;? r=umrSDrSm o&ufaxmifu emrnf}uD; oHk;yd\cGJajcusif;eJ@ a'guf}uD;awGa&mufvmw,f? usaemf wdk@tajctae raumif;awmhbl;qdkwm odvdkuf&+yD? onftcsdefrSmyJ pnfol0if;u ol@t}uHudk ptaumif txnfazmfawmhwmygyJ? “ axmifr_;}uD;cifAsm/ usaemfwdk@udk ta&;r,lcifrSm usaemf&Hk;wif wifjyp&m&Sdygw,f ” OD;at;v_difeJ@ OD;ausmfqef;OD;wdk@&Jh rESpf+rdK@wJh rsufESmawGu pnfol@zufudk pk+yHKusvmw,f? tajzudk awmifrapmifhygblk;? “ usaemfwdk@taqmifrSL; jrifhOD;eJ@ tcef;vl}uD;bJOwdk@aygif;+yD; usaemfhwdk@qDu olwdk@}udKuf wJh*smuiftuFsDawmif;ygw,f? tJonftcsdeftem;rSm taqmifrSL;jrifhOD;&Jh vufaxmufudkausmfjrifh vnf;&Sdygw,f? tJ'gay;&if tvkyfbkwfjzKwfay;r,fvdk@ ajymygw,f? usaemfu ray;Edkifbl;vdk@jiif; vdkufygw,f? onftcgrSm usaemfudk od=uao;wmaygh/ igwdk@cGifxJa&mufvmvdk@uawmh taoyJ vdk@ ajymygw,f? nujzpfwJhudpPu onftajctaeudk t+idK;xm;+yD; &ef&Smwmyg? usaemfwdk@udk ta&;,lovdk taqmifrSL;eJ@ tcef;vl}uD;udkyg wygwnf; ta&;,lay;yg ” axmifrSL;awG rsufvHk;awmfawmfjyL;oGm;w,f? olwdk@0efxrf;yg yufoufaeawmh udkifwG,f& cufvm yHk&w,f? olwdk@csif; tawmf=um}uD; pum;ajymae=uw,f? r=umrSD udkausmfjrifha&mufvmw,f?

udkausmfjrifhudk olwdk@ar;ae=uw,f? udkausmfjrif@qdkwm 88 ta&;tcif;wkef;u axmifvSrf;a&;olv#dKawGudk owfr_eJ@ axmifusvmwmyg? 'gha=umifhusaemfwdk@zufrSm &Sdw,fqdkwm wyftyfodvdkufw,f? r=umygbl; a'gufawG/ ajcusif;awG jyefodrf;oGm;w,f? pnfolwpfa,mufuvGJ+yD; usaemfwdk@tm;vHk;jyefvGwfvdkufw,f? em&D0ufavmuf=um+yD; pnfoltcef;xJ jyef0ifvmw,f? atmifEdkifwJht+yHK;eJ@aygh? ol@udkaxmifrSL;u !Sd vdkufw,f? usaemfwdk@udkvnf; ta&;r,lbl;/ ol@0efxrf;udpPudkvnf; arhxm;zdk@yg? onfae&mrSm omref &mZ0wfom;wpfa,muftwGuf rvG,fygbl;? usaemfwdk@usawmh jyifyrD'D,mawG/ jyifyEdkifiHa&;todkif; t0dkif;xd aygufEdkifwmrdk@ a=uvnfatmif !Sdvdkufwmyg? &vm'fuawmh oufaoxGuf&wJh udkausmfjrifh wpfa,mufudk axmifxJrSmae&maumif;vdk@ ajym&wJh rdef;a*s;vf&Hk;uae xkwfvdkuf+yD; tvkyf=urf;jzpfwJh a&qGJudk a&GŒvdkufygw,f? aemuftaqmifrSL;eJ@ axmifrSL;awG usaemfwdk@udk ydk+idK;oGm;ygw,f? olwdk@+idK;wJh vkyf&yfu t&rf;udk odomvGef;ygw,f? wpfcgwkef;uvnf; axmifwGif;rSm xrif;r0wmudk usaemfwdk@ (4)aqmif(5)aqmifuae wifjyygw,f? tJonfhnaerSmyJ axmifwGif;xrif;yHkpH(45)usyfom;udk csdefcGifawGeJ@ xdk;+yD; au|;ygawmhw,f? 'gha=umifh (9)em&D/ (10)em&DavmufrS xrif;pm;Edkifygw,f? axmifrSmu xrif;udkyJ tm;xm;pm;&wmyg? (3)/ (4)&ufavmuf=umawmh xrif;r0wm wifjywJh usaemfwdk@trSm; jzpfvmygw,f? aemuf=uawmh usaemfwdk@yJ vufavsmhvdkufygw,f? aemufqHk; tajctaeuawmh qyfjym yHkpHwifjyr_ygyJ? axmifwGif;rSm ta&jym;a&m*g/ 0rf;a&m*g awGudk t"du umuG,f&wmu wpfudk,fa&oef@&Sif;a&;jzpfygw,f? onfae&mrSmaxmifwGif;u yHkrSefxkwf ay;aewJh qyfjymudkom tm;xm;ae&wmyg? jyifyrSm ukefaps;E_ef;}uD;rm;vmwmeJ@tr# tusOf;om; awG&ydkifcGifh ypPnf;awG[m jyifyudkxkwfwJh arSmifcdkypPnf;awG jzpfukefygw,f? 'gha=umifh qyfjymyHkpHawG[m ao;ukefygw,f? 'gudk(4)aqmif EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awGuae OD;aqmif+yD; axmiftm%mydkifawGudk wifjycJh ygw,f? 'ghtjyif axmifuxkwfay;wJh qyfjymawGudk r,l=uawmhyJ jyefay;vdkuf=uygw,f? 'g[m axmifwGif;qENjyjcif; wpfrsdK;ygyJ? aemufwpfae@ reufrSmawmh axmifvSef@+yD; 0efxrf;awGtrsm;}uD; taqmifxJudk 0ifvmygw,f? aemuftm;vHk;udk wdkufudk a&GŒygawmhw,f? tJ'DxJurS usaemf&,f/ AHkwdk&,f/ udkEdkifrGef&,fudk oD;oef@ac:+yD;(4)wdkufxJrSm wpfa,mufwpfcef;pD oD;jcm;xm;ygawmhw,f? aemufa&csdK;eJ@ tjyifxGufcGifhudk ydwfvdkufygawmhw,f? (3)&ufavmufrSm usaemf/ AHkwdk/ udkEdkifrGef/ udkjrifhpef;/ udkxGef;xGef;/ udkarmifarmifjrifh/ udk&J(,if;rm)eJ@ zxD;tcsdKŒudk wpfOD;csif;axmifydkifu ac:awG@ygawmhw,f? usaemfhudkac:awG@wJh tcsdefrSmawmh ol@rsufESmawmfawmhudk wif;rmaeyg+yD? EdkifiHa&;orm;awGudk ykwfcwfajymqdk+yD; e0wavoHtwdkif;yJ tzsuform;awG/ axmifwGif; qlyla&;orm;awGvdk@ ajymqdkvmygw,f? usaemfhudkvnf; axmifwGif;qlylatmif v_HŒaqmfw,f/ pnf;&Hk;a&; vkyfw,f qdkwJh pGJcsufawGeJ@ pum;em xdk;awmhwmygyJ? aemufrS usaemfhudk ajymcGifhay;ygw,f? usaemfu awmh axmif0ifpmudpP/ aq;0g;rsm;udpPeJ@ axmif&m&Sif udpPawGudk wifjyygw,f? usaemfwifjywmawG rSwf+yD; vufrSwfxdk;cdkif;ygw,f? “ *avmuf... *avmuf ” aomhcavmuf ppfoHawGa=umifh tawG;pawGjywfoGm;w,f? wef;ydwfae+yD;? r=umrSDrSm ajcusif; i,fwpfcsdKŒ Al;zuf,loGm;wmudk wdkufcef;0uae vSrf;jrifvdkufw,f? “zdk;om;... awG@vm;/ b,fhol@tvSnfhusrvJ rodbl;a[h ” wpfzufcef;uae AHkwdkuae vSrf;atmfajymw,f? usaemfwdk@ xifwmuawmh usaemfhwdk@udk ajcusif;a'gufawGcwf+yD;/ xkwf&dkufawmhr,fvdk@ wGufxm;w,f? 0efxrf;awG ,leDazmif;tjynfh v_yf&Sm;r_ awGyg awG@ae&+yD? b,fvdkyJajymajym aoG;ylwkef;u axmifydkifudk jyefcHajymwmawG/ tm%m zDqefa&; vkyfwmawGtwGuf aoG;at;vmawmh ausmcsrf;vmwmawmh trSefyJ? xifovdkygyJ? r=umrSDrSm wkdufxJudk 0efxrf;awGa&mufvmw,f?

“ om;!Gef@OD;/ aZmfrif;(AHkwdk)/ EdkifrGef... xGufr,f ” 0efxrf;wpfa,muf&Jh atmfoHeJ@ aomhwGJoHawG[m usaemfhywfvnfudk tajrSSmufqH awGusvm ovdk aqmufwnf&mr& jzpfoGm;apw,f? todudk jyefvnfpkpnf;zdk@ }udK;pm;vdkufw,f? “ t0wftpm;awGyg tukefo,fvmcJh ” usaemfa00g;oGm;w,f? wdkufajymif;rSmvm;/ taqmifajymif;rSmvm;? omreftjypfay;xkwf&dkuf/ a'gufcwfzdk@qdk&ifawmh t0wftpm;awGudkyg o,fcdkif;avmufatmif onfaumifawG apwemrjynfhwm trSef? tajzu wjznf;jznf;ay:vmw,f? usaemfwdk@udk Al;0zufac:oGm;w,f? aemufAl;0rSm yHkpHtjzL awGvJcdkif;w,f? ajcusif;cwfvdkufw,f? aemufwpfzufaqmifu udkjrifhpef;eJ@ udkarmifarmifjrifh wdk@a&muf vmw,f? b,fvdkajymif;rvJqdkwm }udKajymavhr&Sdwma=umifh usaemfwdk@vnf; rar;awmhygbl;? aemufwpf OD;csif; vufrSwfawG xdk;cdkif;w,f? wpfzufudkvufeJ@ ydwf+yD;uG,fxm;wm owdxm;rdw,f? tJonfnu usaemfwdk@ o&ufaxmifuxGuf+yD; o&uftcsKyfrSm ntdyf&ygw,f? axmifjyifyudk ra&mufwm=umvdk@ t&omwpfrsdK;ygyJ? tcGifhta&;&wkef;qdk+yD; &Jtkyfwpfa,mufudk cGifhawmif;+yD; ygvmwJhaiGav;eJ@ tjyifpm;p&mawG 0,fcdkif;w,f? tJonfnu o&uf+rdK@u vBuf&nfeJ@ prlqmpm;&if; ig;a,mufom; rSwfrSwf&& oDcsif; av;awG qdkcJh=uw,f? “ vufrSwfxdk;cdkif;wkef;u igjrifvdkufwm rdwDWvmaxmifvdk@a&;xm;w,f ” “ usaemfjrifwmuawmh rEWav;axmifygyJ ” “ jrif;+cHvnf;jzpfEdkifwmyJ ” “ a&$bkef;wkef;uawmh om,m0wDudk ajymif;vdkufw,f ” b,faxmifudkajymif;rvJqdkwm usaemfwdk@tcsif;csif; jiif;rd=uw,f? ae@vnfavmuf=uawmh &Sif;vmw,f? usaemfwdk@udk atmifvHac:oGm;w,f? aemuf jynf-rEWav;um;*dwfudk ac:oGm;+yD; rEWav; oGm;r,fhum;rSm ae&m}udKajym+yD;oGm;+yDvdk@ &Jtkyfwpfa,mufu tJonfaxmufvSrf;a&;udk ajymaewm =um;vdkuf&w,f? usaemfwdk@tm;vHk; rEWav;axmifajymif;r,fvdk@ wGufxm;vdkuf=uw,f? aemufaxmufvSrf;a&; ESpfa,muf a&mufvm+yD; um;*dwfrSmyJ udk,fa&;&mZ0if rSwfawmhwmygyJ? olwdk@vnf; wpfygwnf; vdkufr,fhyHkay:w,f? um;uae@vnf(12)em&DavmufrS qdkufrSmqdkawmh um;*dwfxJu vHk+cHKa&;pcef;rSm usaemfwdk@udk xnfhxm;w,f? aps;onfawG/ c&D;onfawGtm;vHk;uawmh usaemfwdk@udk txl;pdwf0ifwpm; =unfhae=uw,f? usaemfwdk@yHkuvnf; wu,fhudk&mZ0wfom;yHkawGvdk vkyfxm;cH&wmudk;? vufxdyf cwfxm;w,f/ ajcusif;cwfxm;w,f? rwif;wdrfao;ygbl;? usaemfwdk@udk,fudk oH}udK;awGywf+yD; tcsif;csif; oG,fxm;w,f? &Jom;av;awGu usaemfwdk@txkyfudk apmifha&Smufxm;ay;w,f? &Jom;av;awGyHkuawmh usaemfwdk@udk txl;pmem[ef&Sdygw,f? r=umygbl;? usaemfwdk@qDudk rvdkifawG/ rkef@awG/ pm;p&mawG a&mufvmw,f? ab;uaps;onfawG/ c&D;onfawGay;=uwmwJh? usaemfwdk@udk pum;awmhrajym&J=ubl;? aemufrSod&wmu aps;onfwpfa,muf wdk;wdk;wdwfwdwfar;vdk@ &Jom;wpfa,mufajzvdkufwm ... “ ausmif;om;awGrSef; . . . odoGm;w,f ” jynfolawG[m b,favmufa=umufaeae/ usaemfwdk@tay: pmemem;vnf=uwm/ wwfEdkifo avmuf cdk;0SufaxmufcH=uwm od&awmh &ifxJrSm=unfEl;oGm;w,f? cyfvSrf;vSrf;u rvdkifawGa&mif;aewJh aps;onf tnmolr}uD;wpfa,mufeJ@ rsufvHk;csif;qHkrdw,f? usaemfha&SŒurvdkiftdk;udk=unfh+yD; usaemfolrudk acgif;ndwfjyrdw,f? rvdkifonfta':}uD;u usaemfhudk+yHK;jyygw,f? aemufolr rsuf0ef;xJrSm rsuf&nfp awGvnfaewm owdxm;rdw,f? atmifvHum;*dwfu tJonfae@u tjzpftysufawG[m usaemfhtwGuf wu,ftrSwfw&ygyJ?

pkwfjywfEHkcsmaewJhjynfolawG&Jh b0udk teD;uyf jrifvdkuf&wm[m usaemfwdk@twGuf pdwfxdcdkuf p&mjzpfovdk usaemfwdk@udk pmemaxmufcHaew,fqdkwJ@todu usaemfwdk@&ifudk ydkemusifapw,f? vuf&Sd usaemfwdk@u olwdk@a&SŒjrifuGif;rSm &efol@vufusaewJh oHk@yef;awGvdk &_H;edrfhaeolawG jzpfaewmudk;? naeapmif;awmh tnm&Jh aqmiftat;'%fu um;xJtxd cdk0ifvmw,f? tnm&Jh emrnf}uD; oJacsmif;awGudkjzwf+yD; jyifyurBm&Jh vGwfvyfr_wpfpHkwpf&mudk cyfaiG@aiG@av;&_&_dufrdw,f? udkjrifhpef;uae cif0rf;&Jh“{&m0wD” qdkwJhoDcsif;av;udk pnnf;w,f? axmufvSrf;a&;aum/ &JawGygusaemfwdk@udk pmemwmvm;/ wm;&ifydkqdk;rSm a=umufvdk@vm;rodbl;? bmrSrajymbl;? &Jtkyfwpfa,mufuawmh c%c%idkufaewJh a&SŒu&Judk vufa0S@+yD; vSrf;vSrf;owday;aew,f? aemufawmh idkuf+rJidkufaewmeJ@ ol@qDu aoewfudk &Jtkyfu vSrf;odrf;vdkufw,f? usef&Jom;awGtm;vHk;u usaemfwdk@udk ausmif;om;awGrSef;odwmeJ@ owdxm;=uovdk/ wav; wpm;vnf;&Sd=uw,f? usaemfuyJ cif0rf;&Jh “tar”qdkwJhoDcsif;av;udk qufqdkw,f? aum&yfpf tyk'fa&mufwkdif; “igwdk@tm;vHk;&Jhtar”vdk@qdkvdkuf&if udkjrifhpef;/ AHkwdk/ udkarmifarmifjrifhwdk@u yg0ifqdk =uw,f? udkEdkifrGefuawmh idkifae&Smw,f? arSmif&Doef;vmw,f? tnm&Jhaqmif;udk &kef;xGufaewJh um;oH[m ydkus,fvmw,f? “ urBmra=ubl; ” qdkwJhaw;oGm;av;udk pmom;r&GwfyJ usaemfwdk@tm;vHk; wdk;wdk;av; nnf; vdkuf=uw,f? a&SŒuaxmufvSrf;a&;ESpfa,muf&Jh trlt&mawG awmifhawmifhwif;wif;jzpfoGm;wm owd xm;rdw,f? usef&Jom;awG tm;vHk;uawmh wdwfwqdwfyJ em;pGifhaerSef; odomw,f? tarSmifxkxJrSm usaemfwdk@&J@&_dufoHawG ydkwdk;oGm;w,f? a&SŒrSm rauG;+rdK@&Jh rD;a&mifoJhoJhudk jrifae&+yD;? 1300jynfhtvkyform;}uD;awG csDwufvmwJh vrf;a=umif;yJjzpfr,f? rauG;rSm“udkA[def;” tzrf;cHvdkuf&w,f? ordkif;wGifwJh “rD;[kef;[kef;awmuf&r,f” qdkwJh udkA[def;a[mcJhwJh rauG;+rdK@[m usaemfwdk@t0ifrSm wdwfqdwfaew,f? - - - - - a&eHacsmif;a&mufawmh a&eHacsmif;+rdK@t0ifrSm um;&yfw,f? npmpm;zdk@jyif&w,f? tcsdefuawmh n(12)em&Dausmfae+yD? qdkif&Sifu usaemfwdk@udkjrifuwnf;u ausmif;om;awGrSef; odvdkufyHk&w,f? qdkif&Sif OD;av;eJ@ ta':}uD;uyfvm+yD;ar;w,f? “ udkarmifarmif0rf; b,fvdkaevJ? usef;rma&;aum aumif;&Jhvm; ” udkdddkarmifarmif0rf;qdkwmuawmh a&eHacsmif;om;/ ajrvwfydkif;ausmif;om; acgif;aqmif wpfOD;jzpfygw,f? usaemfwdk@eJ@twlwl o&ufaxmifrSm aecJh&w,f? qdkif&SifawGuawmh usaemfwdk@udk vdkavao;r&Sd *&kpdkuf&Smw,f? tusOf;om;qdkwJh*k%fyk'fudkawmif arhoGm;w,f? &JawGtm;vHk;vJ olwdk@ udk,folwdk@ odrfi,fao;usHKŒoGm;yHk&w,f? xrif;pm;csdefrSm usaemfwdk@udk oH}udK;awGajz+yD; vufxdyfawG c%jzKwfay;xm;w,f? tm;vHk;pm;+yD; xGufr,fjyifawmh &JtkyfuaiG&Sif;w,f? “ onftpfudkav;awGtwGuf usaemfwdk@ tcrJhau|;wmyg? r,lyg&apeJ@ ” vdk@qdkif&Sifuajymw,f? usaemfwdk@uaus;Zl;wifa=umif; jyefajymcJhw,f? trSefu usaemfwdk@ qENuawmh ,lvdkufapcsifwmygyJ? - - - - reuftapm}uD;rSm rEWav;+rdK@udka&mufw,f? wdkufwdkufqdkifqdkif 1993ckESpfc&pfprwfpfae@}uD;rSmyg? tnm&Jhaqmif;[m =urf;=urf;wrf;wrf;yJ usaemfwdk@udkayG@zufw,f? um;ay:uqif;awmh ajcusif;awG/ a'gufawGeJ@qdkawmh vlawG0dkif;=unfhwm cHvdkuf&ao;w,f? r=umrSD &Jpcef;wpfcka&SŒrSm usaemfwdk@udk xdkifcdkif;w,f? ygvmwJh&Jtkyfu olppfvG,ftdwfxJu pmtdwf(5)tdwfudk xkwfvdkufw,f? tJonf txJu rEWav;axmifqdkwJh pmtdwfudk zGifhvdkufw,f? “ jrifhpef;/ tbtrnf OD;aX;armif ”

usaemfwdk@tm;vHk; =uufaoaooGm;w,f? “ usefwJholawGu usaemfwdk@eJ@qufvdkufr,f ” usaemfwdk@tm;vHk;tckrS Zmwf&nfvnfawmhw,f? udkjrifhpef;udk rEWav;wdkif;&Jvuftyfvdkufw,f? +yD;&if rEWav;axmifydk@r,faygh? 'gqdkusaemfwdk@awGvnf; pmtdwfawGtwdkif; wpfa,mufwpfaxmifpDqdkwm oabmaygufvdkufw,f? udkjrifhpef;udk 0dkif;E_wfqufw,f? usef;rma&;udk*&kpdkuf=uzdk@/ tcsif;csif; tquf toG,f rjywf=uzdk@ udkjrifhpef;urSmw,f? usaemfh&ifxJrSm [mwmwm}uD; jzpfoGm;w,f? udkjrifhpef;t+yHK;u tm;vHk;udk tm;ay;ESpfodrfhwJh t+yHK;rsdK;? usaemfwdk@ tajctae qdk;vmrSef;odawmh tm;vHk;rsufESmysuf aew,f? usaemfwdk@ujypf'%feJ@ axmifajymif;&wmav? jypf'%fwpfckeJ@ tjcm;axmif0if&w,fqdkwm tajctaeudk rcef@rSef;Edkifygbl;? tckvdk wpfa,mufwpfuGJpDqdkawmh tm;i,frdwmtrSef? - - - - rEWav;uae a&$bdktoGm; um;ay:rSm usaemf/ udkarmifarmifjrifh/ udkEdkifrGef oHk;a,mufpvHk; wdwfqdwf aew,f? AHkwdk ( aZmfrif; ) uawmh ol@ab;u tr,ftdkwpfOD;udk bmawGajymjyaerSef;rod? &Jom;awGtm;vHk;uvnf; usaemfwdk@udk pmempGm tem;ay;xm;=uw,f? usaemfwdk@ txl;pdk;&drfaewmu udkarmifarmifjrifh usef;rma&;udkyg? udkarmifarmifjrifhrSm tpmtdrfa&m/ ESvHk;a&m*gyg&Sdw,f? txl;ojzifh em;vnfEdkifwJh tazmfaumif;aumif; vdkwmtrSef? a&$bdkaxmifa&SŒ um;qdkufawmh tr,ftdk}uD;u idk,dk+yD; AHkwdkudk ykwD;wpfuHk;ay;w,f? bk&m;/ w&m;udk rarhzdk@ ajymw,f? axmifem;u pm;aomufqdkifwpfckudk ac:oGm;+yD; usaemfwdk@udk xdkifcdkif;w,f? a&$bdkpm tdwfazmuf awmh udkarmifarmifjrifh tvSnfhusw,f? usaemfwdk@ tm;vHk;rsuf&nfvnfae+yD? usef;rm a&;raumif;vdk@ axmifydkifudk aoaocsmcsmtyfay;zdk@ &Jtkyfudk usaemfwdk@ 0dkif;ajym=uw,f? awmfawmf}uD; =umawmh axmifudkoGm;tyfwJh&JtkyfeJ@ &Jom;wpfcsdK@ jyefa&mufvmw,f? txkyfwpfxkyf jyefygvmw,f? oGif;cGifhr&vdk@ usaemfwdk@udk jyefay;vdkufw,fvdk@ajymw,f? txkyfxJrSm ig;ajcmufxkyfygw,f? aemuf udkarmifarmifjrifh pD;xm;wJh zdeyfwpf&H ? olpD;oGm;wHk;utaumif;/ tckjyefygvmawmh zdeyfujywfae+yD? aemuf+yD; ajrr_ef@awG vl;ayaew,f? &JtkyfrsufESm ysufaew,f? “ ol@udk&dkufao;vm; ” usaemfar;wmudk &Jtkyfu r=um;ovdk [efjyKw,f? &Jom;av;&J@rsufESmu 0efcHxm;ovdk. . ./ usaemfwdk@udk a&$bdktcsKyfudk ac:oGm;w,f? a&$bdkaxmifu +rdK@xJrSmqdkawmh tcsKyfudk jrif;vSnf;iSm;oGm; &w,f? tcsKyfa&mufawmh tcef;wpfcef;a&S@ ac:oGm;+yD; usaemfwdk@udk ppfaq;+yD; tcef;xJxnfhw,f? “ a[h . . .ajcusif;oHvHk;0rxGufapeJ@ ” “ +yD;&ifxdkifxm; ” “ a[haumif . . .toHrxGufeJ@ vdk@ajymxm;w,f? ig . . . ” tcef;xJrSm vl&Sif;aew,f? qlqlnHnHtoHawGu usaemfwdk@udk &nf&G,frSef;odvdkufw,f? =unfhvdkufawmh uyf&yfab;cef;u tcef;vl}uD;vdkvdk/ vlrdkufvdkvdk yk*~dKvfawGu usaemfwdk@udk vuf+idK; aigufaigufxdk; atmf[pfaew,f? a'gou txGËftxdyfudk a&mufoGm;w,f? udkifxm;wJh ajcusif;wHawGudk ajray: cyfjyif;jyif;jypfcsvdkufw,f? “ 0kef; ” ueJqdkwJhtoHawG qlnHoGm;w,f? =unfhvdkufawmh AHkwdkuyg a'gow}uD; jzpfaewJhyHk awG@&w,f? pD;xm;wJhzdeyfudkaumuf+yD; wpfzufutcef;xJudk t&Sdefjyif;jyif; ypfvGifhvdkufw,f? tvm;wlyJ AHkwdkuvnf; wpfzufudk zdeyfeJ@aygufw,f? udkEkdifrGefuawmh wkef&Daew,f? usaemfwdk@ a'goawG tm;vHk; onfvlqDudk pkyHkoGm;w,f? vufeJ@xdr&awmh yg;pyfuae jyefqJwm pHkoGm;w,f? &JawGajy;0if vmw,f? usaemfwdk@udk vHkjcHKa&;,lxm;wJh &JawGa&m/ axmufvSrf;a&;awGyg ajy;0ifvm=uw,f? usaemfwdk@udk

bmrSrajymbl;? wpfzufcef;udk qJqdk+yD; yHkpHxdkifcdkif;w,f? wpfzufcef;u vlawGudk 0if&dkufw,f? onfawmhrS usaemfwdk@ olwdk@udk jyefoem;oGm;w,f? tdrf=uufawGb0av . . . usaemfwdk@udk axmifra&mufcif vrf;rSmwpfckckjzpfrSmudk tawmfpdk;&drfyHk&w,f? vHk;0udkonf;cH ae=uw,f? npmudk a&GbdktcsKyfu au|;wmawmifray;yJ tjyifpmrSmau|;w,f? na&mufawmh naeu usaemfwdk@udk ynmay;zdk@ }udK;pm;wJh wpfzufcef;u yk*~dKvf}uD;u oHwdkkifem;uyf+yD; usaemfwdk@udk jyefawmif; yefw,f? “ usaemfausmif;om;awGrSef; rodvdk@ygAsm? &JbufjyefawGxif+yD; wm0eft& a[muf&wmyg ” usaemfwdk@vnf; aAGr,lygbl;? c&D;yrf;+yD; pdwfnpfvmvdk@ a'gotvG,f xGufoGm;a=umif; jyefawmif;yefw,f? aemuf+yD; onfvdk b0wltusOf;om;tcsif;csif; ta=umif;r&SdyJ 0efxrf;awGtvdkus ESdyfpuf!Sif;yrf;wm rvkyfzdk@ owday;w,f? udkEdkifrGefuawmh usaemfeJ@ AHkwdkudk rSm&Smw,f? “ rif;wdk@ESpfaumifu pdwfudk t&rf;jrefw,f? olrsm;e,fajrrSm owdxm;yguGm? aemufaxmif awGa&muf&ifvnf; qifjcifOD;? tck[mu wdk@awGuwpfaumifwnf;awGqD jzpfukef+yD ” tJonfhnuawmh tnm&Jh taiG@toufawGtm;vHk; aysmufqHk;ukefw,f? ----- aemufwpfae@ a&$bdkuae rHk&GmudkxGufw,f? anmifyif0ef;rSm c%em;+yD; tpmpm;w,f? rkef@[if;cg;pm;csifwmeJ@ rkef@[if;cg;rSmpm;w,f? aemufrHk&Gmukd qufxGufw,f? rSwfrSwf&& anmifyif0ef; iSufaysmoD;wef; qdkifwpfqdkifuae usaemfwdk@udk iSufaysmoD;awG ay;vdkufw,f? rHk&Gmra&mufcifrSm ab;u &Jom;wpfa,mufu olvnf;ausmif;om;ygvdk@ajymw,f? pmay;pm,l wwd,ESpfwJh? usaemfwdk@tay: pmemwJhoauFwwpfckyJvdk@ usaemfem;vnfw,f? rHk&Gm+rdK@a&mufawmh rHk&Gmaxmifpmtdwfazmufw,f? aygufrJu usaemf . . . usaemfhudk&Jtkyfu axmifvdkufydk@w,f? AHkwdkeJ@ udkEdkifrGefudk tjcm;&Jom;awGeJhtwl um;*dwfrSm xm;cJhw,f? rHk&Gmaxmif0ifw,f qdk&ifyJ ukvm;qifaxmifrSL;wpfa,muf xdkifaewmudk awG@w,f? “ !GefcsKyf&Hk;u pmydk@xm;wJh ( 5 ) a,mufxJu wpfa,mufvm;? om;!$ef@OD; ” olwdk@u }udKodaew,f? usaemfudk zdeyfc|wfcdkif;w,f? txkyfawGtm;vHk;udk+zJqkwf+yD; ajr}uD;ay: yHkcsvdkufw,f? t0wfawGtm;vHk;udk eif;ajcqkwf+zJw,f? “ a[haumif . . . yHkpHxdkifavuGm/ rif;tjypfawG rif;odw,fr[kwfvm;? igwdk@axmifrSmawmh vHk;0r&bl;rSwf? a[haumif bmidkifaewmvJ ” tawmf=umtxd usaemfidkifaew,f? +yD;cJhwJhvrf;ay:u vlawG&J@ t=unfhudkowd&w,f? um; ay:u &_cif;av;awGudk wrf;wrdw,f? anmifyif0ef;u rkef@qdkifav;udk ajy;jrifw,f? aemufo&ufaxmifu usefcJhwJh&JabmfawGeJ@ rHk&Gmum;*dwfrSmusefcJhwJh &Jabmf ( 2 ) OD;/ rEWav;eJ@ a&$bdkrSm usefcJhwJh &Jabmf ( 2 ) OD;udk owd&rdw,f? +yD;awmh usaemfwpfa,mufwnf; jzpfoGm;+yDqdkwm odvdkufw,f? “ xdkif . . qdkwmr&bl;vm;uGm ” ausmjyifudk jyif;xefwJht&Sdefwpfck &kwfw&uf aqmifhusvmw,f? emusif&rSef;rodcifrSm a&S@u axmifrSL;&Jh ppfzdeyf=um;xJudk wpfukd,fvHk;ypfusoGm;w,f? axmifqdkwmukd jyefowd&w,f?

tcef;(13) (u) axmifwGif; owif;pm twdktxGm o&ufaxmifrSm reufrdk;vif;&if qefjyKwfaomufzdk@twGuf qefjyKwfwef;pD&ygw,f? +yD;wJhtcgusrS udk,fhqdkif&mqdkif&mtvkyfudk vkyf&ygw,f? tvkyftm;&ifusaemfeJ@ pufr_wuUodkvfausmif;om; udkeD (ausmfEdkifrif;)wdk@ ESpfa,mufaygif;+yD; owif;pm zwf=uygw,f? owif;pmzwf&w,fqdkawmh axmifxJrSm tqifajyaumif; ajy=uw,fvdk@xif oGm;Edkifygw,f? r[kwfygbl;? usaemfwdk@ zwfwJhowif;pmu 'Dvdkyg? axmifxJu axmif0ifpmrSm oGif;,lvmwJh aq;ayghvdyf awGudkaomuf+yD; usefwJhtwdkawGudk vdkufaumufygw,f? tJ'Dvdkaumuf&wJh zifpDcHtydkif;awGudk pk+yD; a&ZvHkwpfckrSm pdrfxm;vdkufygw,f? enf;enf;=umwJhtcg=urS aq;ayghvdyf zifpDcHtwGif;u owif;pm puULydkif;av;awGudk zwf&ygw,f? 'g[mw&m;0if zwf&wJh axmifxJu owif;pmyg? tJ'D owif;pm&Guf twdktxGmav;awGudk txifawmhrao;vdkufygeJ@? wpf}udrfwkef;u e0wac:,lwJh trsdK;om;nDvmcH}uD;&Jh tajccHrl(6)csufpvHk;udk tJ'Dtydkif; tpav;awGxJu wdwdususzwfvdkuf&vdk@ EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awGtm;vHk; odcJh&w,f? tJ'DtajccHrlygwJh aemufqHk;tcsufjzpfwJh . . . “ tem*wfEdkifiHawmfrSm wyfrawmfu tcef;u¾w&yf taejzifh OD;aqmifyg0ifEdkifa&; ” qdkwJhtcsuf wpfcsufwnf;eJ@ trsdK;om;nDvmcH}uD;[m twkta,mifyJ/ ppfwyftvdkus ujy&r,fh nDvmcHyJqdkwm axmifxJrSmwif odvdkuf=uygw,f? tJ'Dowif;pmtwdkav;uyJ ukvor*~udk,fpm;vS,fawG jrefrmjynfvma&muf pHkprf;wJh owif;rsdK;awG zwf&ovdk/ aqmif;yg;wdk@/ ema&;wdk@ [dkwpfydkif;jywf/ 'Dwpfydkif;jywfowif;av;awGudk aq;aygh vdyfapmfeH =um;rSzwf&wm t&omwpfrsdK;&SdvSygw,f? trsdK;om;nDvmcH}uD; tjyifrSm +cdrf@+cdrf@oJ usif;yaewJhtcgrSm usaemfwdk@5(n)awG&Jh axmif0ifpm awGudk tup 0efxrf;awGapmifh=uyf&HkruyJ axmufvSrf;a&;awGyga&muf&Sdvmygw,f? axmifxJrSm EdkifiHa&; eJ@ oufqdkifwJh ae@xl;ae@jrwfawGa&muf&if usaemfwdk@xufydk+yD; axmiftm%mydkifawGu wav;wpm; todtrSwfjyKwJhtaeeJ@ axmifvSef@wwfygw,f? nzufqdk&if udk,fhtcef;xJrSmudk,f xrif;pm;0dkif;av; awGpk+yD;/ a&aEG;aomuf&if; pum;pjrnf ajym=uygw,f? wpfcgwpfavudkndK(pma&;q&m-nDykav;) q&mr vlxka':trm&Jhom;u ola&;cJhwJh0wWKwdkav;awG/ ty,fcHvdkuf&wJhpmawGta=umif; ajymjywwfovdk/ tjcm;olawGuvnf; olwdk@tawGt}uHK/ olwdk@a'ota=umif;eJ@ A[kokwjzpfzG,fawGudk pum;0dkif;wwf =uygw,f? 'Dvdkpum;0dkif;vkyfzdk@ tcGifhta&;uvnf; axmifxJrSm vomwJhae@(axmiftm%mydkifawG =unfjzL aevdk@ rkefwdkif;uif;wJhae@) rsdK;awGrSmyJ &awmifh&cJ &wmjzpfygw,f? wpfcsdK@usawmhvnf; udk,fhtdyf,mrSmudk,f vSJavSmif;+yD;[dk[dk/ 'D'Dajym=u/ oDcsif;awGqdkwJholuqdk=u/ 0JukwfwJholawGu ukwf=ueJ@ n(9)em&Dtdyfzdk@ tcsdefrusrcsif; v_yf&Sm; touf0ifaewwfygw,f? o&ufaxmifxJrSm yef;csDq&m ay:OD;ouf aoqHk;oGm;wmeJ@ yufouf+yD; udkndku rSwfrSwf&& 0rf;enf;pum;ajymzl;ygw,f? usaemfwdk@aexdkifwJh o&ufaxmifudk 1896 ckESpfuaqmufvkyfwmjzpf+yD;umv tawmf=um &Snfae+yDwJh tusOf;axmifjzpfygw,f? o&ufaxmifrSm tusOf;om;topf a&mufvm+yDqdk&if axmifydkif =unfhw,f qdkwm&Sdygw,f? vleJ@ 0&rf;ygtcsuftvufawGeJ@ wdkufqdkifppfaq;wmudk ac:ygw,f? tJ'Dvdk tusOf;om;opfudk axmifydkif ppfaq;aewJhtcsdefrSm axmifus&Hk;u t&m&Sdu ar;cGef;awGar;+yD; tusOf;om;u tuFDscsGwf+yD; ajz&ygw,f? axmifeHywfwdk@/ emrnfwdk@ar;+yD; tdrfaxmif&Sdvm;qdk&if

&Sd&if“&Sd”vdk@ wpfvkH;wnf; ajz&ygw,f? &Sdygw,fvdk@ oGm;ajzrd&ifawmh ausmjyifudkajAmwifcH&rSm aocsmygw,f? tdrfaxmif&Sdvdk@ ajz+yD;&if om;wpfa,muf/ orD;ESpfa,muf&Sdw,f qdk&ifvnf; “&Sd/ om;wpfa,muf/ orD;wpfa,muf ”wdkwdkjywfjywfyJ ajz&ygw,f? pmwwfovm;vdk@ar;&if “wwf”/ rwuf&if“rwwf”vdk@ajym&ygw,f? wpfcgu tusOf;om; wpfa,mufu ol@udk pmwwfovm;vdk@ar;awmh “wwf”vdk@rajzyJ “r$wf”vdk@ajzvdkufw,f? tm;vHk;u 0dkif;&,faewkef; ebef;wpfcsuf tkyfcHvdkuf&w,f? olar;awmh olu pmudka&;wwfzwfwwf&Hkr[kwfyJ r$wfaeatmifajymwwf/ a&;wwfwma=umifh “r$wf”vdk@ajza=umif;jyef ajymygw,f? o&ufaxmifrSm ae&pOf tpmvnf;pm;/ av;oHvnf; em;axmifqdkovdk rdef;a*s;vfuatmfwJh yHkpHtoHudkem;axmif+yD; yHkpHxdkif &ygw,f? yHkpHoH=um;vdk@ rxdkifrd&ifawmh ajcusif;a'gufawG a&mufvmEdkifygw,f? rdef;a*s;vfrSm wHcg;apmifh wJh &mZ0wftusOf;om; wpfa,muf&Sd+yD; ol@toHu aumif;jcif;ig;jzm jynfhpHkavmufatmifudk toHus,fus,f atmfEdkifygw,f? ol@emrnfu 'g;aygufjzpf+yD olyg;pyf+zJvdkuf&if a&jrif;eJ@wlygw,f? toHus,fus,f atmfEdkifwm a=umifh axmifydkifu oabmus+yD; 'g;aygufudk wcg;apmifhcef@xm;ygw,f? 'g;aygufu yHkpHatmf&if toHoHk;rsdK;eJ@atmf&ygw,f? olatmfwJhtoHudk em;axmif+yD; rdef;a*svf;rSm b,folvmw,fqdkwm r=unfhyJeJ@ odEdkifygw,f? yHkpHudk toHtus,f}uD;eJ@ =um=umav; qGJ+yD;atmf&if axmifydkif}uD; vmwmjzpfygw,f? yHkpHudktoHus,fatmif atmfayr,fh =umatmifrqGJyJatmf&if axmifydkifav; vmwm jzpf+yD; yHkpHvdk@ wdkwdkwkwfwkwfatmf&if axmifr_;vmwm jzpfygw,f?

( c ) udktdkufudk aoqHk;r_ tif;pdefaxmiftwGif;rSm usaemfwdk@ aecJh&pOfwHk;u vlwpfa,muf&J@toufudk zuf&Guf yrmawmif oabmrxm;yJ owfjzwfr_awGudk trsm;}uD; }uHKcJh&zl;ygw,f? tcko&ufaxmif twGif; rSmvnf; tusOf;om;awG&J@ touftEW&m,f xdcdkufcJhwJh ta=umif;awG &Sdaeyg ao;w,f? o&ufaxmifrSm axmifq&m0ef a':aqGaqG0if;qdkwJh trsdK;orD; q&m0efwpfa,muf &Sdygw,f? 1991 ckESpfuae 1993 txd o&ufrSm wm0efxrf;aqmifcJhygw,f? tif;pdef axmifu vlowfq&m0ef pdk;=unfeJ@ rwlwmawG&Sdygw,f? a'gufwma':aqGaqG0if;[m a'gufwmpdk;=unfavmuf axmiftwGif; vkyfydkifcGifh tm%m bmrSr&Sddygbl;? axmiftwGif; t&m&mudk axmifydkifaomif;!$ef@u xdef;csKyfuGyfuJaewm jzpfygw,f? tm;vHk;u aomif;!$ef@ udk a=umuf&GH@ae&wm jzpfygw,f? a':aqGaqG0if;[m vlowfq&m0ef pdk;=unfvdk ,kwfrmwJhpdwfxm;rsdK;r&SdyJ oabm xm;jynfh0wJh q&m0efaumif;wpfa,muf jzpfygw,f? 1993 ckESpfrSm a'gufwma':aqGaqG0if;[m o&ufaxmif q&m0eftjzpfuae xGuf+yD; usrf;rma&;0ef}uD;Xme 0efxrf;tjzpf wm0ef ajymif;vkyfudkifoGm;ygw,f? a':aqGaqG0if; r&SdwJh aemufydkif;rSm usaemfwdk@ o&ufaxmifrSm q&m0efr&SdyJ aq;rSL;apmxGef;atmif=unfeJ@ ausmfjrifhqdkwJh tup 0efxrf;ESpfa,mufeJ@yJ ESpfyg;oGm;&ygawmhw,f? axmifucef@xm;wJh aq;rSL;qdkwm aq;0g;ta=umif;b,favmuf em;vnfovJ rajymwwfygbl;? ta=umaq;wpfvHk;udkawmif ajzmifhajzmifh wef;wef; avsmavsm&_&_ rxdk;wwfygbl;? aq;rSL;tultaeeJ@ ab;uaeygvmwufwJh “ bp ”awGuyJ aq;xdk;wJhtcgrSm u|rf;usifr_ &Sdygw,f? 'gawGudkodxm;wJh tusOf;om;awmfawmfrsm;rsm;u a&m*gjzpf&if aq;rSL;eJ@ rjy&JyJ axmif0ifpmuydk@wJh aomufaq;av;awGeJh ukoae&ygw,f? axmifrSmuvnf; aq;0g;pHkpHkvifvifr&Sdvdk@ wpfcgwpfav axmifrSL;awGudk,fwdkif tusOf;om;awGqDu vmvm awmif;wwfygao;w,f? 'Dvdkaq;0g;

vdktyfr_eJ@ ukor_csdK@wJhwmawGudk axmiftm%mydkifawGu ayghayghwefwefyJ oabmxm;+yD; v#pfvsL&_ aeygw,f? usaemfwdk@ tif;pdefaxmifu ajymif;vmwJh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;xJu vkyfom;aum vdyfrSm jrefrmpmt"dueJ@ wwd,ESpfwufaewJh ausmif;om;wpfa,mufjzpfwJh udktdkufudk wpfa,muf&Sdygw,f? ol[m 1990 jynfhESpfu ppfcHk&Hk;uae ol@udktvkyf=urf;eJh axmif'%f ( 3 )ESpfcscJhygw,f? udktdkufudk[m touf ( 30) aeayrJh ol@cE<mudk,f tcsdK;tpm;u ykyk!Syf!Syfav;jzpf+yD; Adkufuav;ylyleJ@ uav;wpfa,mufvdkyHkpHrdk@ axmifxJrSm ol@udkvlwdkif;u cspfcifESpfouf=uygw,f? 1993-1994 =um;umvrSm udktdkufudkwpfa,muf omrmef&dk;&dk; aeraumif;jzpfygw,f? aeraumif;wm &uf=um vmwmeJ@tr# tzsm;uyHkrSefwdk;vm+yD; wdkufzdGKufjzpfcsifwJh vuQ%mrsdK;awG awG@jrifvm&ygw,f? taqmifuwrHwvif;u at;pufaewma=umifh aq;&HkrSm aEG;aEG;axG;axG;&Sdvdk@ aq;&Hkwufzdk@ vdkw,fvdk@ aq;rSL;uajymygw,f? axmifxJu aq;&Hkqdkwm emrnfom&Sd+yD; ukwifESpfvHk;wnf;eJ@ jzpfygw,f? bmaq;0g;rS &Sdwmvnf; r[kwfygbl;? taqmifurS bmyJajymajym ta&;qdk vkyfazmfudkifzufawG&J@ ulnDtm;ay;r_ awG&Edkifygw,f? 'gayrJh aq;rSL;u aq;&Hkwufcdkif;aewmqdkawmh jiif;qdkvdk@ aemufydkif; wpfckckjzpf&if tjypfjzpfrSmpdk;wma=umifh udktdkufudk aq;&Hkwufzdk@ qHk; jzwfvdkuf ygw,f? udktdkufudkwpfa,muf axmifaq;&Hka&mufoGm;ayr,fh bmrSxl;xl;jcm; ajymif;vJr_awG rawG@&ygbl;? usefwJh ( 5 )nawGuvnf; udktdkufudktwGuf vdktyfwJhaq;0g;awG/ aiGa=u; awGudk ay;=u ygw,f? aq;rSL;u “ bmrSrpdk;&drfeJ@? tckxdawmh a&m*g&Smvdk@rawG@ao;bl;? aq;ajymif;+yD; wpfckcsif; wpfckcsif; prf;oyf+yD; wdkufaew,f” vdk@ ajymygw,f? udktdkufukduawmh aq;&Hkwufae&wm =umaeayr,fh a&m*gxl;xl;jcm;jcm; aysmufoGm;wmr[kwfvdk@ taqmifudkr=umcif jyefqif;vmr,fvdk@ ajymygw,f? aemufudktdkufudkudk tjyifaq;&kHudk xkwfoGm;w,f vdk@od&ygw,f? tup0efxrf;awGu taqmifrSmusefcJhwJh udktdkufudk&J@t0wftpm;awGudk vmawmif;ygw,f? usaemfwdk@awGu pdwfyl+yD; ar;jref;=uawmh “ bmrSrjzpfygbl;? tajctaeaumif;ygw,f? xl;&ifajymr,f ” vdk@ajym+yD; tjzpfrSefudk zHk;uG,f=uygw,f? trSefuawmh axmifaq;&Hkuae tjyifaq;&HkudkxkwfwJhtcsdefrSm udktdkufudk&J@ tajctae[m tifrwefqdk;&Gm;ae+yD; axmifAl;0rSmwif toufaysmufae+yDvdk@ od&ygw,f? aq;&HkrSm&SdwJh 5( n )awGajymjycsuft& udktdkufudk udkaq;&Hkuae tjyifxkwfawmh tom;awGrJae+yD; jidrfoufaewmudk awG@&w,fvdk@ ajymygw,f? aemufwpf&ufrSm axmifydkif eJ@axmifrSL;awGu 5( n ) awGtm;vHk;udk( 1 ) aqmif ( 2 ) cef;rSm wef;pD pkcdkif;xm;+yD; “ olwdk@taeeJh udktdkufudk&J@ toufudk twufEkdifqHk; vk,l}udK;pm;cJhayr,fh a&m*gtajctaeu u|rf;aevdk@/ a&m*guOD;oGm;vdk@ aq;&HkrSmyJ aoqHk;oGm;ygw,f ” vdk@ ra&r&m ajymygw,f? usaemfwdk@awGu bma&m*geJ@ qHk;wmvJvdk@ar;awmh q&m0efawGvnf; cGJpdwf+yD; a&m*g&SmazGaeygw,f? &SmawG@&ifajymygr,f vdk@tajzjyefay;ygw,f? aemufawmh “ rif;wdk@oli,fcsif;&J@ aemufqHk;psmyeudk rif;wdk@ b,fvdkvkyfapcsifvJ? igwdk@ twwfEdkifqHk; vkyfay;ygr,f? axmifxJrSmawmh bmrSrvkyf&bl; ” usaemfwdk@xJu wpfa,mufu “ usaemfwdk@ psmyevdkufydk@vdk@ &rvm; ” vdk@ar;awmh “ 'gawmhrjzpfEdkifygbl;? 'Djyifh tusOf;om;qdk&if 'dk@vkyfay;vdk@&w,f? rif;wdk@u 5( n ) awGjzpfvdk@ tjyifxkwfzdk@ cufcJygw,f? 'gayr,fh 'dk@tusOf;OD;pD;Xmeu 0efxrf;awG/ rdom;pkawGvdkufydk@rSmyg? aemuf+yD; tdkufudk&Jhrdom;pkudkvnf; ta=umif;=um;xm;w,f? olwdk@a&mufvm&ifvnf;

tavmif;udkb,fvdkvkyfcsifvJqdkwm 'dk@wdkifyif& OD;rSmyg? ckcsdefxdawmh tdkufudkwdk@ tdrfu a&mufrvmao;ygbl; ” 'geJ@yJ udktdkufudk&J@ psmyetwGuf axmifxJu usaemfwkd@ EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awG pkaygif;aiGxnfh+yD; yef;acG/ ,yfawmif/ uefawmhyGJawGjyKvkyf+yD; tokbvmolawGudk azsmf&nfwdkufwmawG/ tkwf*lajryHk aqmufvkyfwmawGudk axmifydkifeJh!Sd+yD; jyKvkyf=uygw,f? axmifrSL; OD;at;vd_ifu “ ol@a&m*gu arG;xm;wm=um+yD? tckrS r&_Edkif/ ru,fEdkifjzpfwm ” vdk@ajymygw,f? usaemfwdk@ vufvSrf;rSDoavmufpHkprf;=unfhawmh aq;&Hku 5( n ) awG&J@ ajymjycsuft& aq;rSL;u aq;xdk;ay;t+yD;rSm 0kef;0kef;'dkif;'dkif;eJ@ udktdkufudk udktjyifaq;&Hk xkwfzdk@pDpOf=ua=umif;/ tJ'DvdkpDpOf&mrSm axmiftjyifrSm wm0ef,lapmifhay;r,fh &J0efxrf; r&Sdao;wma=umifh apmifhae&a=umif;/ &efukefutusOf;OD;pD;Xme !$efcsKyfxH ta=umif;=um;&jcif;/ o&ufe,fajrcHaxmufvSrf;a&;xH cGifhjyKcsufawmif;cH&jcif;/ axmifjyifxkwf,lcGifh awmif;cHae&jcif;awG &Sdaeao;a=umif;/ tJ'DvdktcsdefawG r=umoifhyJ=um+yD;rS udktdkufudk udktjyif aq;&Hkodk@ xkwf,loGm;wm jzpfa=umif; od&ygw,f? trSefuawmh udktdkufudk &J@tavmif;udk axmifxJuae tjyifudk xkwf,loGm; wmjzpfygw,f? axmifaq;&Hku xGufvmuwnf;u udktdkufudkwpfa,muf toufr&Sdawmhyg? axmifxJuae tjyifudk vmbfxdk;+yD; vG,fvifhwul oGm;ae=uolawG&Sdovdk/ tcsdK@qdk rEWav; txdoGm;wJholawG&Sdygw,f? tckvdk aoa&;&Sifa&;udpPrSmawmh axmiftjyifxkwfzdk@ cufcJygw,f vdk@jzpfvmygw,f? raooifhyJ aoqHk;cJhwJh olawG/ a&wdrfepfcJholawG trsm;}uD;/ trsm;}uD;. . . ? axmifrSL;awGu em;vnfr_eJ@ cGifhjyKvdk@ udktdkufudktwGuf &nfpl;+yD; ( 1 ) aqmif ( 3 ) cef;rSmyJ axmifwGif;&Sd oHCmawmfawGudk yifhzdwf+yD; qGrf;oGwfw&m;emwmudk jyvkyfygw,f? OD;Zif;OD;tmp&eJ@ q&mawmf yÀ0Ho ( OD;jynfausmf ) wdk@u “ t0dZ…mypP,m ”ocFg& w&m;tp&SdwJh rwnfjrJwJhta=umif; w&m;awmfrsm; a[m=um;+yD; udktdkufudk udk &nfpl;qGrf; oGwfcJhygw,f? autef,luae axmifusvmwJh u&iftrsdK;om; zxD;}uD;awGuvnf; c&pf,mef w&m;awmfeJ@ tnD 0wfjyKqkawmif;yGJjyKvkyf+yD; uG,fvGefoltwGuf &nfpl;+yD; "rRaw;oDcsif;udk oDqdkygw,f? “ tdk+idrf;zG,f&m » » » jrwfr*Fvm » » » igjyKrlwdkif; » » » igoGm;av&m » » » ocifa,&_ » » » apmifhxdef;r_av » » » vuf&Hk;awmfyif » » » ighvufudkifay » » » ( ydk@aqmifawmfrlaom aus;Zl;&Sif » » » ydk@aqmifrlyg » » » umvtpOf» » » opPm&SdpGm » » » aemufawmfvdkufrnf » » » ydk@aqmifawmfrlaoma=umifhaywnf; » » » ) r=umrjrifh » » » igwdk@rsm;onf » » » aojcif;jrpfurf; » » » ulpdrfhaomiSm » » » ydk@aqmift&Sif » » » a,&_udk,fpm; » » » ” wdwfqdwf at;csrf;vSwJh "rRaw;oDcsif;oHawG=um;rSm qkawmif;yGJvmolawG rsuf&nfawG pD;us vm=uw,f? rsuf&nfawG . . .? udktdkufudktwGuf 0rf;enf;wJhrsuf&nf/ *k%f,lwJh rsuf&nf/ em=unf;wJhrsuf&nfawG . . . ? udktdkufudk&J@ psmyetcrf;tem;yGJav;rSm usaemf wdk@wawG oH"dXmefwpfck +rJ+rJ+rH+rH csvdkuf=uygw,f? “ jrefrmjynf 'Drdkua&pD awmfvSefa&;twGuf axmifwGif;rSm toufay;oGm;wJh &Jabmftdkufudk twGuf usaemfwdk@tm;udk ESpfqwdk;+yD; jrefrmjynf'Drdkua&pD r&rcsif;qufvuf wdkufyGJ0ifoGm;=ur,f ” usaemfwdk@udk axmiftm%mydkifawG vdkufavsmr_awG jyKvkyfaecJhayr,fh udktdkufudk aoqHk;&wm aoG;&dk;om;&dk;r[kwfbl;qdkwm usaemfwdk@odygw,f? r&dk;om;r_awG trsm;}uD;&Sd+yD; oHo,awG

usefaecJhygw,f? udktdkufudk aoqHk;&wJha&m*gudk odcGifhray;wm/ t&ifusaemf wdk@awGeJh twlwlaepOfwkef;u udktdkufudkrSm a&m*g}uD;}uD;us,fus,fr&SdcJhwm/ +yD;awmhol@rSm bma&m*grS rjzpfcJhwm . . . ? bmyJjzpfjzpf o&ufaxmiftm%mydkifawG&J@ ayghavsm hr_a=umifh usaemfwdk@&Jh &JabmfwpfOD; raooifhyJ aoqHk;cJhw,f? =u,fwpfyGifh taºuGapmcJhw,f? e0w&J@ vl@tcGifhta&;csdK;azmufr_awGa=umifh EdkifiHa&; tusOf;orm;awG axmifwGifaoqHk;&wmawG trsm;}uD;&Sdygw,f? ,Hkk=unfcsufa=umifh wdkufyGJ0if&if; tnw&ausmif;om;av; udktdkufudkwpfa,muf o&ufaxmifrSm e0w&Jh vlrqefwJhvkyf&yfawGa=umifh trSefwu,fudk aoqHk;cJhyg+yD? e0w ppftkyfpk&J@ vl@tcGifhta&;csdK;azmufr_awG&Jh oufaocHwpfcktaeeJh jrefrmjynftv,fydkif;u o&ufaxmifrSm udktdkufudk&J@ tkwf*luav;u oufaojyaeygw,f? &Jabmftdkufudk aumif;&mok*wdvm;ygap . . . tcef;(14) (u) &Sm;&Sm;yg;yg; acgif;jzwfowfr_ usaemfo&ufaxmifrSmaecJh&pOf aemufydkif;wav#mufvHk; q&m0efr&SdyJ aecJh&ygw,f? udktdkufudk aoqHk;oGm;+yD; aemufydkif;rSm aemufxyftoufqHk;&_H;cJhwJh wpfOD;uawmh OD;Zif; ODtmpm&yJ jzpfygw,f? OD;Zif;tmp&[m &efukef+rdK@ bkef;}uD;vrf; o&ufawmausmif;wdkufxJu em&Dpif ausmif;wdkufu &[ef;wpfyg;jzpfygw,f? ywWedukZ…euHaqmifr_a=umifh axmif'%f(7)ESpfuscHcJhwJh oHCmawmf jzpfygw,f? 1988 ckESpfu a':atmifqef;pk=unfudk tykyfcsxm;wJh pmawGeJ@ vufeuftcsdK@udkifaqmifxm;wJh Adkvf}uD;pnfolwdk@tzGJ@udk vufyl;vuf=uyfzrf;qD;xdef;odrf;cJh+yD; acgif;jzwfowfcH&r,fhab;u u,fwifcJhwJh &J&Jawmuf oHCmawmfwpfyg;jzpf+yD; &efukefwdkif;&[ef;ysdKor*~uvnf; jzpfygw,f? Adkvf}uD;pnfoleJ@ axmufvSrf;a&;tcsdK@udk xdef;odrf;xm;pOf trSwf(4)ppfa'ou Adkvfr_;vif;armifudk,fwdkif ppfum;awG/ ppftajrSmufum;awGeJ@ a&mufvm+yD; olwdk@vlawGudk jyefv$wfay;zdk@ OD;Zif;qD awmif;qdkcJhygw,f? OD;Zif;tmp&u urBmat;u EdkifiHawmfoHCmr[mem,utzGJ@u wqifh Adkvf}uD;pnfoleJ@ axmufvSrf;a&;tygt0ifawGudk tEW&m,fuif;pGmeJ@ Adkvfr_;vGef;armif(,ck-etz 0ef}uD;csKyf&Hk; 0ef}uD;)udk v$Jajymif;ay;cJhygw,f? 1990 jynfhESpfusawmh OD;Zif;OD;tmp&udk axmufvSrf;a&;u zrf;qD;ac:aqmif oGm;ygw,f? ppfa=uma&;pcef;udk a&mufawmh Adkvf}uD;pnfolu “ rif;r[kwfvm; ta&;tcif;wkef;u ighudk vkyfxm; wm ”qdk+yD; uvJhpm;acswJhtaeeJ@ !Sif;yrf;ESdyfpufr_awGudk jyKvkyfygw,f? OD;yO…if;[m axmifxJrSm usef;rm a&; vdkufpm;jcif;/ t*Fvdyfpmayrsm; avhvmjcif;wdk@ jyKvkyfcJhygw,f? OD;yO…if;&Jh cE<mudk,f taetxm;[m awmifhwif; vSy+yD; oefrmxGm;}udKif;ygw,f? usaemfwdk@ axmifuvGwf+yD;wJhaemufydkif;rSm OD;yO…if; wpf a,muf axmiftwGif; ysHvGefawmfrloGm;w,fvdk@ odvdkuf&ygw,f? 'Dowif;=um;awmh usaemf r,Hk=unf Edkifatmifudk jzpfoGm;ygw,f? udktdkufudk aoqHk;cJhwJhyHkrsdK;yJvm;vdk@ usaemf ajy;jrifa,mifrdygao; w,f? usaemfxyfajymcsifwJh tcsufwpfckuawmh o&ufaxmifrSm jzpfyGm;cJhwJh &Sm;&Sm;yg;yg; acgif;jzwf owfr_ ta=umif;yJ jzpfygw,f? usaemfwdk@ o&uf axmifxJrSm xrif; [if;csuf&zdk@ zdk}uD;xJrSm wm0efcH zdkacgif;wpfa,muf&Sdygw,f? oluawmh &mZ0wftusOf;om;bJOqdkol jzpfygw,f? olu zdkxJrSm ae@pOf csufjyKwf&wJh xrif;eJ@[if;udk axmifydkifxH ae@pOfwifjy&+yD; axmifydkifeJ@ae@pOfawG@&wJh olvnf; jzpfygw,f?

axmifydkifaomif;!Gef@uvnf; bJOudkvl,HkarG;+yD; axmifxJuowif;awGudk pHkprf;ygw,f? axmifxJu tusOf;om;awGudk b,folub,fvdk/ bmnm/raumif;bl; aumif;w,f tp&Sdojzifh axmifydkifudk owif;ydk@+yD; tcsGeftwufav;awG vkyfwwfygw,f? axmifydkif uvnf; olajym or#udk ,Hk=unf+yD; tusOf;om;awGudk &dkufESuftjypfay;wwfwma=umifh tusOf;om;awGu bJOqdk&if a0;a0;uae a&Smif=uygw,f? bJOaumif;r_a=umifh bJOeJ@rwnfhwJholawG/ 5(n)awG 'kuQtawmf a&mufzl;=uygw,f? bJO acgif;aqmiftjzpfeJ@ wm0ef,ltkyfcsKyfwJh zdk}uD;rSm tvkyfvkyfwJh 0if;OD;qdkwJh tusOf;om; wpfa,muf &Sdygw,f? bJOuaxmifydkifeJ@ ydkifw,fqdk+yD; t&Sdeft0gawGxkwfoHk;/ ol@vufaxmufu tusOf;om;awGudk rw&m;&dkufESuf qJqdkwmawG vkyfvmygw,f? tJ'DrSm bJOeJ@ 0if;OD;wdk@ wpfa,mufeJ@wpfa,muf tpmra=ur_awG &Sdvmygw,f? &ef+idK;/ &efpawG &Sdvm=uygw,f? wpfae@rSm 0if;OD;u [if;csufwJh qD(25)usyfom;wpfAl;udk odrf;xm;wmudk bJOuawG@oGm;+yD; “ rif;cdk;xm;wm r[kwfvm;/ rif;udk axmifydkif&Hk;cef; wif&r,f? rif;udkzdkxJrSm rxm;bl; ” pojzifh rsdK;pHkatmifqJqdk }udrf;armif;ygawmhw,f? 0if;OD;uvnf; ol@udk&Hk;rwifzdk@ajymygw,f? bJOu“ rwifvdk@&rvm;uG/ ighzdkxJrSm olcdk;rxm;bl; ”vdk@ jyefajymygw,f? 0if;OD;vnf; bJOudk bmrSrajymyJ olvkyfp&m &Sdwmudk qufvkyfaeygw,f? bJOwpfa,mufrD;zdkab;rSm a&aEG;wnfae&if;wJh tcsdefrSm 0if;OD;uol@aemufuae &kwfw&ufay:vm+yD; bmrajym/ nmrajymeJ@ bJO&Jhacgif;udk ol@vufxJu"g;eJ@ ckwfcsvdkufygw,f? “ trav; ”qdkwJh toHeJ@twl bJOwpfa,muf acgif;idkufpdkuf usoGm;ygw,f? 0if;OD;uaemufxyf ESpfcsuf/ oHk;csufqufwdkuf ckwfcsvdkufawmh bJOacgif;jywfusoGm;ygw,f? 0if;OD;u yg;pyfuae. . . “ csGefcsifOD;/ wwfcsifOD;uGm ”qdk+yD; wwGwfwGwf &Gwfaeygw,f? bJOaoaewmawmifrS 0if;OD;u rsufvHk;eD}uD;eJ@ oJ}uD;rJ}uD; aoG;&_;aoG;wef; ckwfaeygawmhw,f? bJOacgif;jywfoGm;+yD; awmfawmf=umav;rS axmifydkifwdk@/ axmif0efxrf;awG tl,m;zm;,m; ajy;vm=uygw,f? axmiftm%mydkifawG tm;vHk;eD;yg; axmif0efxrf; rdom;pkajy;yGJ jydKifyGJudk “ jrefrmh tm;upm;/ urBmudk v$rf;ap&r,f ”qdkwJhoDcsif;oHeJ@ aysmfjrL;aewma=umifhrdk@ bJOacgif;jywf oGm;wmudk olwdk@awG csufcsif; rodvdkuf=uygbl;? 0if;OD;owfwJh"g;[m vGefcJhwJh(2)&uf avmufurS bJOudk,fwdkif csGefjraeatmif aoG;xm;wmrdk@ bJOwpfa,muf aoG;wJh"g;eJ@ oludk,fwdkif toufcHvdkuf&wmyJ jzpfygw,f? bJO&Jh vkyf&yfawG[m axmifydkifudkom tusdK;jzpfxGef;ap+yD; b0wltusOf;om;awGudk zdESdyfwJh &v'ftjzpf tckvdk &uf&ufpufpuf acgif;jzwfowfcHvdkuf&wmyJ jzpfygw,f? 0if;OD;uawmh aemuftr_wyf+yD; w&m;&Hk;rSm aemufxyf axmif'%fusoGm; ygw,f? bJOacgif; jzwfowfcHvdkuf&+yD; aemufydkif;/ axmifrSL;awGudk owif;ydk@ay;+yD; tcsGeftwufawGvkyfaewJh tjcm;olawGvnf; a=umuf'l;wkef oGm;=uygw,f? bmyJajymajym axmifydkifaomif;!Gef@uawmh tusOf;om;awGtcsif;csif; tdrf=uufcsif; tdk;rJokwf cGyfcdkif;vdkufwmjzpfygw,f? (c) trsdK;om;nDvmcHeJ@ wdkufydwf'%f o&ufe,fajrcH axmufvSrf;a&;awGu o&ufaxmifrSm &SdwJh usaemfwdk@ EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om; awG[m e0w&Jh/ trsdK;om;nDvmcHudk qef@usifzdk@ v_yf&Sm;r_awG}uHpnf aea=umif; /BCPawG pnf;&Hk; a&;qif;aea=umif; owif;&w,fqdk+yD; usaemfwdk@o&ufaxmifudk 1993ckESpf pufwifbmvxJrSm axmufvSrf;a&; 0ifppfygw,f? yxrqHk;usaemfhudk axmufvSrf;a&;u ac:+yD; Al;0rSm ppfaq;ygw,f? olwdk@awGu. . .

“rif;wdk@awG tcktjyifrSm tpdk;&u }uD;r_;usif;yaewJh trsdK;om;nDvmcHudk qef@usifzdk@ vkyfae w,f? rif;udk,fwdkifvnf; qef@usifzdk@ vdkufpnf;&Hk;aew,f ” qdk+yD;pGyfpGJygw,f? aemufnzufawGrSm usaemfwdk@ tcsif;csif;pmtkyf pmayta=umif;/ tjcm;A[kokwawG ta=umif;aqG;aEG; wmudkvnf; BCP tr_eJ@ usvmwJholawGu usaemfwdk@ausmif;om;awGudk pnf;&Hk;a&;qif;ae+yD; axmifuvGwfwJh tcg us&if olwdk@ygwDu wnfaxmifxm;wJh DPA( Democratic Patriot Army )udk apv$wfzdk@ vkyfaew,f qdkwm rSefovm;qdk+yD; ar;jref;ygw,f? usaemfuvnf; tjyifrSm trsdK;om;nDvmcH usif;yaewJhta=umif; od&Sda=umif;/ 'gayr,fh b,ftcsufawGtay:rSm/ b,folawGtay:rSm tajccH+yD; aqG;aEG;aew,f/ usif;yaew,fqdkwm roda=umif;/ usaemfwdk@taeeJ@ axmufcHr_vJ rjyKEdkifovdk/ qef@usifr_vJ rjyKEdkifa=umif;/ trsdK;om;nDvmcH usif;yaewJh tcsdefup+yD; axmif0ifpmrSmawmif axmufvSrf;a&;awGudk,fwdkif apmifh=uyfaewmjzpfa=umif;/ wduscdkifrmwJh bmtcsufrS rodao;wJhtwGuf tcke0w ac:,laewJh trsdK;om;nDvmcHudk xifjrifcsuf ay;zdk@qdkwm rjzpfEdkifa=umif;/ 'ga=umifh 'Dowif;[m rjzpfEdkifa=umif; usaemfujyefajymvdkufygw,f? usaemfuquf+yD; nzufawGrSm pum;ajymwJhtcgrSm A[kokwjzpfzG,fta=umif;awG/ bmoma&;ta=umif;/ usaemfwdk@zwfcJh&wJh pmtkyfta=umif;awG/ tjzpftysufawGudk zvS,fajymqdk=uwmyJ jzpfa=umif;/ ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwD(BCP)uae pnf;&Hk;a&;awGqif;+yD; DPAwyfxJ ausmif;om;awGv$wfzdk@ axmifxJrSm tpDtpOf&Sdw,fqdkwm usaemfwdk@udk rvdkolawGu ajymwmjzpfa=umif; jyef&Sif;vdkufygw,f? usaemfhudkppf+yD;awmh udk!dk(c)udk+idrf;csrf;(pma&;q&m-nDykav;)/ OD;atmifjrifh0if;/ udkcifaZmfeJ@ udkatmif'ifwdk@udk ac:,l+yD; ppfygw,f? +yD;awmhusaemfwdk@ tm;vHk;udk wdkufxJydk@vdkufygw,f? wdkufxJ a&mufawmh usaemfwdk@ ab;csif;uyftcef;rSmu rif;aZ,smeJ@ vSrsdK;aemif(c)rSef}uD;wdk@ &Sdygw,f? axmufvSrf;a&;u tr_ppfr+yD;rcsif; aemuftr_rsm;xyfzGifh+yD; ta&;,lOD;rvm;vdk@ pdk;&drfpdwfawGeJ@ wdkufxJrSm ae&ygw,f? wdkufxJrSm nzufaxmifydwfoHacsmif;acguf +yD;&if udk,fhtcef;eJ@udk,f oDcsif;av;awG nnf;wwfygw,f? udk+idrf;csrf;uawmh rEWav;om;yDyD olwdk@rEWav;+rdK@/ rEWav;ta=umif;ryg&if xrif;pm; vdk@r0ifbl;vdk@ qdk&rSmygyJ? oDcsif;qdk+yDqdk&ifvnf; eef;awmfa&S@q&mwif/ +rdK@r+idrf;wdk@&Jh oDcsif;awGrS a&G;+yD;}udKufwwfygw,f? jrdK@cspfpdwftjynf@&Sdwmrdk@ usaemfwdk@u udk+rdK@cspfvdk@ wpfcgwpfav ac:ygw,f? udk+idrf;csrf;u wpfcgwpfcgawmh usaemfhtcef;udk oDcsif;awmif;wwfygw,f? usaemfuvnf; zdk;qdkcsifqdkawmh olwdk@awG rawmif;cifuwnf;u qdkcsifaewJhaumif jzpfygw,f? 'gha=umifh o&ufaxmif&Jh wdkufcef;awGrSm ae&wJhnawGrSm qdk&if ppfudkif;awmif/ ref;awmifvuFsm/ ykn&Sif/ a&csdK;qdyf/ &wemyHk/ jynfawmf0if/ a&$jynfpdk; pwJhoDcsif;oHav;awG ysHŒv$ifhaewwfygw,f? ref;awmifv,smFoDcsif;udk (1)aqmif(3)cef;u qdkif;q&ma*:uDqDu oif,lcJhwmjzpfygw,f? usaemfh tvSnfh+yD;&if tefu,f}uD; OD;atmifjrifh0if;qD oDcsif;awmif;awmh olu pdefjcL;=umanmif abmv,fudk qdkjywwfygw,f? oDcsif;qHk;wJhtcgrSm udk!dku “. . .pdefjcL;=umanmif abmv,fvdk@ bmha=umifhemrnfay;wmvnf;/ rif;odvm; ”vdk@ usaemfhudk ar;ygw,f? usaemfuvJ rodvdk@ &Sif;prf;ygOD;qdkawmh. . . “ uaemifrif;om;}uD;[m ol@taqmifudkrvmyJ tjcm;tysdKaqmifawGudk 0ifaevdk@ v_difxdyfacgifwifu 'DpdefjcL;abmv,fudkpyf+yD; qdkawmhrS uaemifrif;om;}uD;vnf; abmv,foH}um;awmhrS vmw,f ”vdk@ajymygw,f? usaemfwdk@awGtm;vHk;vJ udk!dk&Jh[moudk =um;&vdk@ tlwufatmif &,f&ygao;w,f?

wdkufxJwpfa,mufwpfcef;pD aeae=uwJh tcsdefrSm oDcsif;wpfyk'fqD qdk&wm aysmfp&mwpfckygyJ? oDcsif;awGxJrSmvnf; pdwfwufºuGzG,f oDcsif;awG ygwwfygw,f? udk!dk oDcsif;qdkwJh tvSnfh a&mufw,f qdk&if ol@&Jhyifudk tnmoH}uD;eJ@ “ rEWav; » » » usKyfwdk@&wemyHkaejynf » » » wifhw,fom,mpnfum; » » » [dkwkef;cguay» » » tJ'gawGrar@=ueJ@ » » » a&S@qufumpDrH=updk@av » » » [kwfyg+yDAsdK@ ” jynfawmf0ifoDcsif;udk [efygygqdkjywwfygw,f? udkcifaZmfuawmh pwl'D,dk oDcsif;awGxJu cdkifxl;eJ@ cifarmifwdk; oDcsif;awGudk qdkjywwfygw,f? ( 'DDae&mrSm tv#if;oifhvdk@ usaemfaxmifwGif;rSm oif,lcJh&wJh EdkifiHa&;oDcsif;awGudk A[kokw taeeJ@jzpfap/ avhvmvdk@&atmifjzpfap azmfjyvdkygw,f? rl&if;pmom;twdkif; tenf;i,fv$Jacsmfr_&Sd&ifvnf; onf;cHcGifhv$wfapcsifygw,f?) 7 July trSwfw& oDcsif;wpfyk'f nHrpJwJh » » » wdk@&J@aºuG;a=umfoH » » » wpfAdkvfus » » » wpfAdkvfwuf » » » qifumE$JcJhjyef » » » wdk@ausmif;om;&J@aºuG;a=umfoH » » » wjynfvHk;+cdrfh+cdrfhoJumnH » » » wuUodkvf AdrRmefajr,H » » » ppfcsDwufzdk@ » » » cGef;rdef@[pfaºuG;oH » » » vl,kwfrorm » » » ppftkyfpk&J@ AHk;oH aomaomnH » » » ajrrSmcavjyef urBmra=uEkdifwJh » » » wdk@&J@'DAdrRmef

( cGyfa'gif;tvH » » » cGyfa'gif;tvH » » » a&mifeDjzmv#rf;cGyfa'gif;tvH » » » wdrfxuf0ÏmavxJysH » » » aoG;pnf;wdkufr,f » » » wdk@atmifvH ) tmuma0[if » » » wpfvlvlysHum » » » jrL;vGifhcJhjyef » » » wdk@&J@t"dXmef » » » rarhEdkifwJh aºuG;a=umfoH rdk;,HwpfcGifvHk; » » » wdk@&J@ppfcsDoH » » » tmZmenfaxmifaomif; » » » jynfoltusdK;twGuf » » » toufpGef@cJhjyef » » » &JrmefawGzGH+zdK;cJhwmtrSef » » » ppftpdk;&udk a=ujyKef;&atmif » » » jynfolrdbtaygif;eJ@ +rJ+rJ+rH+rH » » » aocsmpGm wdkufrnftrSef » » » cdkifcdkifrmrmwdk@&J@ » » » oH"dXmef » » » ( cGyfa'gif;tvH » » » » » » » » » » » » wdk@atmifvH ) 7 July trSwfw& oDcsif;wpfyk'f ( pdefyef;awGidk » » » uHaumfidkvdk@ » » » opfykwfyiftdkr&J@ &_dufoHudk » » » r=um;vdkufzl;vm; » » » &Jabmfa& » » » &Jabmfa& » » » ) “ t"dywdvrf;u » » » uwW&map;awG » » » cGm=unfhprf;=ua[h » » » ap;xef; aoG;pufjrpfr a&vdkay » » » tif;,m;a&rajcmufor# » » » raysmufEdkifbl;av » » » *sLvdkif ( 7 ) &uf&J@ » » » aoG;pufordkif;a=umif;awG » » » jyefajymif;ajymae » » » rkwfokefOD;&J@ » » » wdrfOD;avajy » » » cGyfa'gif;jrL;ºuGae » » » a&$bdk/ tif;0/ &mrn/ rEWav;aqmif » » » rD;awmifawGaygufuGJum » » » wdkufyGJpvdk@ae » » » wpfzufowf taqmifpnf;urf;awG zsufodrf;ypf&rav » » » ausmif;om;tcGifhta&; umuG,fa&; » » » ay; » » » ay;&rav» » » 'dk@awmif;qdkae » » » wdkuf,lrav » » » axmifeJ@rjcm;wJh » » » taqmif&J@wHcg;awG » » » aºuG;a=umfoHjrnf[D; » » » ckwfydkif;csdK;jzwfacs » » » wuUodkvfe,fajr » » » vlyifv,f}uD;zHk;v$rf;ae » » »ppftkyfpkxdyfoD;awG » » » t&Suf}uD;&Sufvdk@ » » » trsufrD;xGufae » » » rif;om; acgif;aygif;u|wf=uvdk@ » » » bDvl;pG,f&kyfwdk@ » » » ikwfwkwfay:vmay *sDo&D;armif;jyef » » » ypfcwfoHawG » » » ppfzdeyfoHawG » » » [def;nHwpfausmif;vHk; » » » rD;cdk;,rf;aiG@ zkH;v$rf;a0 » » » uHhaumfrar$;jr » » » pdefyef;yGifhwdk@ rGrGa=u » » » atmifausmf. ausmufwdkif

» » » aoG;ywfvnftdkifae » » »&ifjyifeDjrufcif;vrf; » » » eDjref;aoG;ay » » » ra=u » » » 'dk@ra=uEdkifay » » » rao » » » &Jabmfwdk@raoEdkifay » » » "g; » » » "g;csif;&Sif;=urav » » » vSH » » » vSHcsif;&Sif;=urav » » » zufqpfae0if; }udrf;0g;oHawG » » » jynfolawGudk ppfa=ujimvdkufay » » » ,kwfrm&ufpuf » » » ppftm%m&l;vl&dkif;awG » » » ordkif;udkzsufqD;zdk@}uHae » » » *sLvdkif ( 8) &uf » » » eHeuf ( 5 )em&D » » » awmfvJoH}uD; » » » jrnf[D;odrfhwkef » » » or*~taqmufttHk » » » tkwfyHkjzpf&+yD » » » or*~tkwfjrpfudk » » » u|J&dkif;pufjzifh » » » xdk;zsuf+zdK » » » r+ydK » » » or*~r+ydKEdkif+yD » » » r+ydK » » » wuo » » » r+ydKEkdif+yD » » » 'dkk@t"dXmefpdk@av » » »igwdk@wpfawGt"dXmefqdkygrnf » » » 'dk@ausmif;ol ausmif;om;taygif;wdk@onf » » » cGyfa'gif;tvHawmfatmuf » » » nD&if;tpfudkarmif&if;ESryrm » » » pHkpHknDnD » » » acwfopfa&muf&rnf » » » a[h » » » ordkif;opfaqmuf&rnf » » » 'Drdkua&pD ynma&;twGuf » » » 'dk@aoG;ac|;udk paw;rnf » » » ta&;awmfyHk » » » 'dk@ta&;awmfyHk » » » atmifygrnf » » » ”

Zlvdkiftrnf “ eDaom'dk@aoG;om;eJ@ » » » a&;xm;cJhonf » » » Zlvdkiftrnf » » » Zlvdkiftrnf » » » awmfvSefaom trsdK;om;pdwf"mwf » » » ay;cJhonf » » » arG;cJhonf » » » aoG;eJ@tnD » » » Zlvdkifta&;awmfyHkonf » » » » » » Zlvdkif( 7 ) armfuGef;opfrnf » » » cGyfa'gif;ysH0J » » » &J&Jwdkufrnf » » » ppfbDvl;obuf » » » t=urf;zufaeonf» » » armif;jyefppfaoewf » » » w&pyfypfum » » » ,kwfrm&ufpuf » » » aoG; » » » yGufyGufeDeD » » » urBmajrwkefaphrnf » » » aoG;eDaomfvnf; » » » atmifvHrvJScJh+yD » » » bmrxD Zmenfpdwf"mwf » » »}uD;jrwfvSonf» » » rdbjynfoltaygif;eJ@ » » » wpfurBmvHk;uaxmufcHvdk@om » » » awmfvSefa&;rSm » » » aygif;pnf;vdk@om » » » ppftm%mudk +zdKzsufypfrnf » » » vufeufudkifpGJ wdkuf&rnf » » » aus;&Gmv,fuGif;qif;&rnf » » » wpfnDwnf; » » »wpfnmwnf; » » » vufwGJum awmfvSefrnf » » » ZlvdkifZmenf » » » tav;eDjyKum » » » igwdk@ t"dXmefonf » » » ”

1300 jynfh a&eHajr oydwfwyf}uD;&J@ ppfcsDaw; oydwf » » » oydwf » » » arSmuf » » » arSmuf » » » rD;wkwf » » » rD;wkwf » » » &d_@ » » » &d_@ ocifrsdK;a[h » » » 'dk@Arm ( a&eHajroydwfwyf}uD; » » » csDwufvmyg+yD » » » &efole,fcsJ@tvHudk » » » vSJzdk@}uHpnfonf ) 2 &mcdkifE_ef;jynfh tcGifhta&;r&or#onf » » » 'dkk@rauseyf+yD » » » t&dk;awmifvdkyHk » » » aoG;acsmif;pD;vnf; » » » 'dk@awGra=umifhawmhonf » » » e,fcsJ@tvHudk » » » vSJrnf » » » wdkufzsufrnf» » »

( 'dk@v,form;awG » » » 'dk@tvkyform;awG » » » pk&Hk;aygif;pnf;vdk@nD » » » v,f&Sif» » » "e&Sif » » » t&if;&Sifrsm; » » » tjrpfygwdkufypfrnf » » » vlwef;aphtcGifhta&;r&or#onf» » » &atmif» » » &atmif » » » t&dk;a=ua=u ta&crf;crf; » » » raoGwef;armif;xkwfppfqifrnf » » » ) 2 igwdkk@ausmif;om;awGonf » » » igwdk@ausmif;om;awGonf » » » u|efynma&;pepfudk rvdkvm;+yD » » » ocifynma&;pepfom » » » 'dk@awGvdkvm;onf » » » 'dk@tcGifhta&; 'dk@omwdkufrnf » » » rkcs » » » atmifyGJodrf;cHrnf » » » oydwf» » » oydwf » » » arSmuf » » » arSmuf rD;wkwf » » » rD;wkwf » » » &_d@» » » &_d@ ocifrsdK;a[h » » » 'dk@Arm udkkvdkeDynma&; » » » tvdkr&Sd u|efynma&; » » » tvdkr&Sd ta&;awmfyHk » » » atmif&rnf

Armjynf uGefjrLepfygwD ppfcsDaw; jynfol@wyfrawmf csDwufcJh+yD » » » jynfol@twGuf OD;xdyfyefqif » » » toufudk bmrxD » » »uGefjrLepfygwD 'dk@rsm;a&S@aqmif » » » armfpDwkef;tawG;tac: » » » atmifvH » » » v$ifhxlumwdkufrnf » » » awm/ awmif/ jrpf/ acsmif; » » » rdk;a&xJqD » » » csDwufvdk@ wdkufcdkufrnf» » » &efoludkvSHpGyfxdk;um » » » wpf[kef xdk;pD;ypfrnf » » » &_avmhppfonf » » » a&S@wef;uppfonf » » » *sdef;azm/ ucsif/ rGef/ &cdkif/ &Srf; pHknD » » » vlrsdK;pHkcspf=unf » » » 'dk@Armjynf » » » r=umrD » » » vGwfajrmufaprnf » » » v,form;awG v,fydkif&rnf » » » tvkyform;awGtm%m&rnf » » » tzdESdyfrcH+yD » » » tcs,ftvS,frcH+yD » » »wGef;vSefcJh+yD » » » aºuG;a=umfjyefygonf » » » jynfol@wyfrawmf » » » csDwufvmyg+yD» » » &Jabmfodef;=unf ( u|ef;wdkufyGJ0if&if; usqHk;oGm;aom &Jabmfodef;=unftm; *k%fjyKpyfqdkxm;onfh oDcsif;jzpfygonf?) odk@ » » » cspfvSpGmaom» » » &Jabmfodef;=unf » » » &efolae0if;&J@ » » » vlrqefwJh !Sif;yrf;r_udk » » » wGef;vSef+zdKzsuf » » » wdkufcdkuf&if;eJ@ atmifjrifpGm » » » toufudkpaw;cJhonf » » » oifhESvHk;om;onf » » » vSHoGm;vdkxufjruf » » » oHr%d"g;vdk rma=umvSonf » » » awmfvSefwJhol&Jaumif;tjzpfeJ@ » » » xm0pOfawmufyaer,fh » » » =u,fyGifheDeD » » » igwdk@ESvHk;tdrfqD » » » &mtoacFs » » » wnfaeOD;awmhrnf » » » b0rSefuefyDjyifvSonfh » » » oifh&J@woufwmonf » » » wdkufyGJrsm;eJ@jynfhv#Haeonf » » » 48 pdwf"mwfeJ@tnD » » » ao&J » » » owf&J » » » tEdkif,l&Jonf » » » pnf;pnf;vHk;vHk;eJ@ » » » qufwdkuf=uvdk@ rSmcJhjyefygonf » » »oifhZGJowWdatmifvHeD » » » igwdk@qufvufv$ifhxlrnf » » »

&efoludk urBmra=upwrf;a[h » » » wdkufcdkufacsr_ef; okwfoifrnf » » » u|ef;&dkif;ajrrSm rkefwdkif;xefaprnf » » » Adkvf&_obif ( jrefrmEdkifiHvGwfvyfa&; &&Sd+yD;onfhaemuf EdkifiHawmforRwtm; ppfwyfrS csDwuftav;jyK&onfh Adkvf&_obifqifE$JyHkudk a&;om;pyfqdkxm;onfh oDcsif;jzpfygonf? tqdkygoDcsif;tm; tqdkawmfarvS+rdKifrS oDqdkcJhonfhaw;oDcsif;jzpfygonf? Adkvf&_obif qif,ifusif;yonfhae&monf &efukef+rdK@ jynfol@v$wfawmfa&S@ ( ,ck- jynfol@&ifjyifae&m ) jzpfygonf? )

» » » xl;jrwfwJhpHXmeD » » » vGwfvyfwJhArmjynf » » » ru|wftpOf » » » v$wfobif » » » qifE$JchJ+yD » » » obifyGJ » » » oJnHpnf » » » Armh[efa&; » » » a&S;xHk;rysufatmif » » » r&dk;pnfarmif; » » » jidrfhanmif;a0a0pnf » » » ( pnfawmfoH ) » » » rif;aygif;pHkpHknD » » » Adkvf&_obif crf;rqD » » » v#rf;y}udkifv_difa0pnf » » » EdkifiHawmforRwºuGcsD » » » atmifvHawmfudk » » » tav;jyK&rnf » » » Adkvf&_obifqif,ifwJhtcgrSD » » » =unf;a&av ppforD;rusef& » » » Armhwyfrawmf pkHpHknD » » » csDwufumyJ » » » tav;jyK =u&onf? ? ? » » »vmvmacs+yD » » » ysdK@cspfOD;&J@ » » » xl;wJhZmenf» » » wyfrawmf atmifppfonf » » » rSef;qwJholawGvnf; » » » olvnf;ygacs+yD » » » ndKndKrJhrJh » » » oJoJnHpD » » » aºuG;a=umfae=uonf » » » rSef;qwJholawGxJ » » » olvnf;ygacs+yD » » » yk0gjzLav; a0S@um,rf;rnf » » » armifuvnf; arhudkawG@+yD » » » aruvnf; armifhudkawG@+yD » » » tm;ay;aºuG;a=umfoH+ydKifnD » » » v$wfobifyGJ » » » qifE$JcgawmfrSD » » »

+idrf;csrf;a&;

» » » urBmvlrSefor# » » » ESpfjzmwl}uHq » » » trSefy » » » yef=um;rSm » » » ppfqdkonfrSm » » »tE_wfvuQ%m » » » +idrf;csrf;a&;om taygif;vuQ%m» » » a&yrm » » » avyrm » » » vGwfvGwfvyfvyf cHpm;vdk=u&Sm » » » tJ'g+idrf;csrf;a&; t&om » » » +idrf;csrf;a&;om taygif;vuQ%m » » » vlom;EG,ftm; » » » qdwfokOf;apr,fh » » »t%kjrLtEW&m,fudk umuG,fyg » » » tiftm;jzifhvnf; » » » tEdkifusifhr_udk » » » tqHk;owfapcsifwm » » » EkdifiHtcsif;csif; yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufa&;om» » » raES;um » » » ay;ygenf;vrf;&SmazGyg » » » *sdK;jzL » » » *sdK;jzL » » » tqifhqifhulvdk@ » » » ( 0Jum » » » 0Jum )4 » » » urBmvlrSefor# » » » &efrc&Sm » » » ta&;qdkzefcg » » » aw;qdkwHwsm » » » t%kjrLAHk;ydwfypfyg » » » t%kjrLAHk;ydwfypfyg » » » ppfudkrvdkyg » » » ppfudkrvdkyg » » » +idrf;csrf;a&;om » » » taygif;vuQ%m » » »

» » » +idrf;csrf;a&;om&&if » » » 'dk@aysmf&$ifrSm » » » apwDykxdk;rsm;eJ@ » » » ausmif;uefZ&yfom » » » a=omf » » » +idrf;csrf;a&;om&&if » » » 'dk@aysmf&$ifrSm » » » apwDykxdk;rsm;eJ@ » » » ausmif;uefZ&yfom » » »pdrf;vef;a0qm » » » a&$ya'om » » » v,fvkyfolwdkif;v,fydkifrSm » » » tvkyf&Hk/ puf&Hk qlnHpGm » » » wludkay; » » » wHpOfukday; » » » vloHk;ypPnf;cdkif+rD;ayg&m » » » xkwfvkyfaerSm» » » a&$ya'om » » » acwfudkvnf; » » » a&muf&rSm » » » yef;csD+yHK; » » » yef;yk+yHK; » » » oligtm;vHk;+yHK;=urSm » » » tcgudk}udKvifhzdk@&m » » » vm » » »vm» » » ta&;qdk=u » » » ta&;qdk=u » » » t%kjrLAHk;ydwfypfyg » » » ppfudkrvdkyg » » » ppfudkrvdkyg » » » ( +idrf;csrf;a&;om )2 » » » ay;um » » » ay;=uyg » » » ppfjzpfvm+yD » » » qdkrSjzifhum » » » rdcifwuGJ » » » om;wuGJeJ@ » » » aoyGJ0if&Sm » » » ta&miftaoG;rcGJjcm;yg » » » bmomra&G;em » » » aoG;acsmif;pD;wJhurBmtESH@ tjym;rSm » » » tvkyf&Hk » » » puf&Hk » » » v,f,mudkif;u|ef; » » » rD;avmifu|rf;&&Sm » » » jymwdtv$rf; » » » pm=unfhcef;awGvnf; » » » csdwfydwfqdwf+idrfpGm » » » yef;csD yef;ykrjyKjyifyg » » » uavmifidk » » » pkwfidk » » » apmif;tdkvnf;idk » » » trsdK;om;zsufwJh tqdwfAHk;eJh » » » tqHk;owfvdk=uwJh » » » ppf0g'DawGyg » » » rcspfyg+yDoifhudkom » » » rcspfyg+yDoifhudkom » » » vm » » » vm» » » ta&;qdk=u » » » ta&;qdk=u » » » ( t%kjrLAHk; » » » ydwfypfyg ) 2 » » » ppfudkrvdkyg » » »ppfudkrvdkyg » » » +idrf;csrf;a&;om » » » taygif;vuQ%m » » » tcef;(15) wGJzufaxmifoHwdkif=um;u ,ckazmfjyrJh ta=umif;t&muawmh wGJzufaxmifvdk@ todrsm;=uwJh oD;oef@tusOf;axmif twGif;u EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm;b0ESifh oD;oef@axmifta=umif; od&SdEdkif&ef twGuf oD;oef@axmifrSm (4)ESpftusOf;uscH&wJh udkbkef;jrifhxGef;&Jh tawG@t}uHK/ cHpm;r_awGudk wifjyvdkygw,f? usaemf ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;awG&Jh zrf;qD;r_udkcH&+yD; tif;pdefaxmifudk a&muf&SdcJhaomfvnf; wGJzufaxmifvdk@ vlodrsm;wJh oD;oef@axmifrSmom axmifouf(4)ESpfjzifh tusOf;pHb0udk ukefvGefcJh&ygw,f? axmufvSrf;a&;pcef;uae axmifudka&mufumprSm usaemfhwpfudk,fvHk; '%f&mAvyGESifh cE<udk,fwpfckvHk; t!dktrJpGJaewma=umifh wm0efusaxmifrSL;u vufcHzdk@ jiif;qefvdkufygw,f? usaemfhudk axmifudkydk@&ef wm0efuswJh axmufvSrf;a&;u usaemfhudkaxmifrSm vufrcHEdkifbl;qdk&if vufrSwfxdk;ay;yg qdk+yD; t=uyfudkifvmwma=umifh axmifr_;vnf; roufomwJhtqHk; vufcHvdkufygw,f? aemufawmh yHkpH xdkifcdkif;+yD; axmifuspm&if; ,lygw,f? +yD;awmh wGJzufaqmiftaqmif(1)u 0efxrf;wpfa,mufudk vSrf;ac:+yD; usaemfhudktaqmif(1)rSm xm;zdk@ajymygw,f? odyfr=umygbl;? axmif0efxrf;u usaemhacgif;udk apmifjzifhtkyf+yD; taqmif(1)udk ac:oGm;ygw,f? tcef;(4)rSm usaemfhudkxm;ygw,f? usaemftcef;(4)udk pa&mufwJhtcsdefrSm a&csdK;cswJh tcsdefjzpfaewm a=umifh b,folrSr&Sdygbl;? usaemfae&wJhtcef;u (7)ay/ (6)ayus,fwJh tcef;usOf;av;jzpf+yD; tcef;wcg;rSm (6)ay/ (3)aycef@ om&SdwJh oHwdkifwHcg;jzpfygw,f? wHcg;udkawmh tay:(1)ay/ atmuf(1)aycef@ tvGwfxm;+yD; oHjym;jzifhtjynfh umxm;ygw,f? aemufrSjyefod&onfrSm oD;oef@&Sd wdkufcef;rsm;rSm topfaqmufxm;wm jzpfwma=umifh (8)ay ywfvnfjzifh pepfwuswnfaqmufxm;jcif; r[kwfa=umif; od&ygw,f? a&csdK;qif;+yD; jyefvm=uolrsm; vrf;av#mufae=upOf usaemfhudk pwifrSwfrdoGm;olrSm trsdK;om;'Drdkua&pD tzGJ@csKyf(vli,f)rS udk&efatmifjzpf+yD; oluusaemfhudk

“ armifbkef;” vdk@ac:+yD; pE_wfqufygw,f? usaemfvufudkvSrf; jyvdkufwmudk axmif0efxrf;awGjrifoGm;+yD; “ rif;tarhvif tdrfr[kwfbl;? aqGrsdK;pyfraeeJ@ ” qdk+yD; vSrf;qJygw,f? vrf;av#mufcsdefukefvdk@ wHcg;ydwfzdk@ 0efxrf;u vSrf;atmfygw,f? tcef;wGif; jyefa&mufwJhtcgrSm usaemfhtcef;wGif;odk@ tcef;azmf (4)OD; 0ifvmygw,f? tcsif;csif; rdwfquf pum;ajym=uwJhtcgrSm (3)OD;rSm q&mawmf}uD;rsm; jzpfwmudk odvdkuf&ygw,f? “ ywWedukZ…e ”uHaqmif oydwfa=umifh tzrf;cH&+yD; oD;oef@axmifusaejcif; jzpf=u+yD; q&mawmf}uD;rsm;rSm &efuif;+rdK@e,f ara';eDausmif;wdkuf q&mawmf OD;Om%bd0Ho/ r&rf;ukef;+rdK@e,f r[m*E<&Hkausmif;wdkufrS wdkuftkyfq&mawmf OD;wUk¹ENd,ESifh pmcsudk,fawmf OD;Om%d\&wdk@jzpfw,f? usefwpfa,mufuawmh usaemfppfa=uma&;pcef;rSm &SdaepOf toH=um;zl;vdkufwJh a&SŒaeOD;apmvGif (zqyvtzGJ@csKyf taxGaxGtwGif;a&;r_;/ ,ck-uG,fvGef) jzpfygw,f? nae(4)em&DavmufrSm npmxrif;au|;ygw,f? (5)em&DcGJavmufrSm oD;oef@axmifu tusOf;om; tm;vHk; yHkpHxdkifcdkif;+yD; vlppfygw,f? yHkpHxdkifaepOfrSmyJ usaemfwdk@tcef;a&SŒudk apmif+cHKxm;onfh vlESpfa,mufudk ac:vm+yD; wpfOD;udk usaemfwdk@tcef;wGif; oGif;vdkufygw,f? aemufwpfOD;udkawmh ab;uyf&yftcef;u tcef;(5)xJ xnfhvdkufygw,f? usaemfwdk@tcef;xJ a&mufvmolu q&mawmf wpfyg;yJjzpf+yD; ab;uyf&yftcef;udk a&mufoGm;olu OD;uif;pdef( jynfolwdk;wufa&;ygwD/ jynf+rdK@u ) jzpfygw,f? axmifydwfcsdefa&mufawmh wef;jzKwf+yD; tem;&ygw,f? usaemfwdk@tcef;xJrSm bkef;}uD;(4)yg;/ vlESpfa,muf pkpkaygif;(6)a,mufjzpfygw,f? n(9)em&Dxdk; tdyfcsdefa&mufawmh rtdyfcsifvnf; tcef;xJrSm&SdwJh zsm=urf;(3)csyfay:rSm vSJae&ygw,f? usaemfeJ@ a&SŒaeOD;apmvGifuawmh q&mawmf(4)yg;&Jh ajc&if;rSmae&m,lygw,f? tcef;axmifhrSmawmh usif}uD;usifi,fpGef@wJh *efzvm;(2)vHk;&Sdygw,f? axmufvSrf;a&;pcef;rSm !Sif;yrf;ESdyfpufr_rsm;/ tdyfa&;ysufr_rsm;a=umifh c%csif;rSmyJ usaemftdyfarmusoGm;ygw,f? qwfueJ wpfa&;Edk;vmwJhtcgrSm wpfudk,fvHk; udkufcJemusifae+yD; &dkufESufcHxm;&wJh '%f&mawGa=umifh jyeftdyfvdk@r&yJ emusifaeygw,f? tcef;tjyifzufrSm&SdwJh a&tdk;uae a&wpfcGuf aomuf+yD; jyefvSJaevdkufygw,f? reuf(4)em&Davmuf tm&HkwufcgeD;rSm q&mawmfOD;wUk¹ENd, xvm+yD; oHwdkifudkudkifum(24)yXmef;a'oemudk &Gwfzwfygw,f? wdwfqdwf+idrfoufaewJh tusOf;axmifuae q&mawmf&JhyXmef;&GwfzwfoH =unf!dkzG,f ysHŒvGifhaeygw,f? Ak'<&Jom;awmfrsm;[m ppftpdk;&&JhtusOf;axmiftwGif; vl0wfvJcH&ayr,fh &[ef;wdk@&Jh 0denf;awmftwdkif; usifh}uHaexdkif=uwJhtwGuf omoemawmftwGuf &ifeifhatmif cHpm;vdkuf&ygw,f? reuffffff(6)em&DrSm “xdkifxm;r,fa[h”qdkwJh iSufqdk;xdk;oH}uDD;eJ@twl oD;oef@axmif taqmifwdkif; qlnHpGmxGufay:vmygw,f? yHkpHxdkif/ rsufESmopf+yD; vrf;av#mufcsdef (5)rdepfjynfhawmh tcef;xJjyef0ifvm&ygw,f? tcef;xJrSm xdkifae+yD; wl&lrSm jrif&wJh awmif,mpdkufcif;rsm;udk ai;=unfhaerdygw,f? tjcm;tcef;u &JabmfawGqif;vm+yD; xHk;pHtwdkif; vkyf+yD; wpfcsdK@u usaemfeJ@ pum;pjrnf vmajymygw,f? udk&efatmifu [dkzuftaqmifrSm wifv_difeJ@ pdk;vGifwdk@&Sda=umif;/ taemufzufrSm trwfrsm;&Sda=umif; ajymjyygw,f? tusOf;om;awGtm;vHk; tcef;xJjyef0if+yD; aemufrSm tay:xyfuae xdkif;rsm; qif;vm=uygw,f? olwdk@awG[m a&arsmxdkif;awGjzpf+yD; jrefrmh a&ydkifeuftwGif; ig;cdk;zrf;r_a=umifh axmifusvmjcif;jzpfw,fvdk@ q&mawmfrsm;u ajymjy ygw,f? reuf(10)em&DcGJ xrif;um;vmwJhtcsdefrSm xdkif;wpfa,muf usaemfwdk@tcef;a&SŒ

a&mufvm+yD;(xdkif;rsm;rSm xrif;um;vmv#if taqmiful;cGifh&Sdygonf) armifbkef;[k usaemfh emrnfudk ryDroac:um tcef;xJodk@ iyda=umfxkyf wpfxkyf ESifh zsm=urf;rS jzKwfxm;onfh tprsm;udk tyfcsnf}udK;jzifh csnfxm;onfh t&mwpfck ypfxnfhay;ygw,f? zsm=urf;0g;jym;tpay:rSm pmrsm;a&;xm;wma=umifh zwf=unfhwJhtcgrSm wifv_difu ol@&Hk;xkwf&ufrSm tdrfudk bmrSmrvJ/ bmtr_eJ@0ifwmvJ/ usef;rma&;*&kpdkufzdk@/ pdk;vGif/ xGef;xGef;/ rdk;atmif/ cifaZmfESifh tjcm;&Jabmfrsm;vnf; &Sdaea=umif;/ tm;vHk;u owd&aea=umif; a&;xm;ygw,f? usaemf&ifxJ v_dufueJ 0rf;omoGm;ygw,f? aemuf txkyfxJrSmygvmwJh bvacsmifa=umf/iyda=umf/ ajryJwdk@udk q&mawmfrsm;xH tyfESH xm;vdkufygw,f? ae@vnfcif;(12)em&Dxdk;awmh xdkif;awG tay:xyfudk jyefwufoGm;ygw,f? taqmifxJrSm tawmf&Sif;vif;oGm;wJh tcsdefusrS tcef;wGif; q&mawmfrsm;eJ@ pum;vufqHk usygw,f? rEWav;rSm usaemfawG@}uHKcJh&wJh q&mawmfOD;a&0wESifh jrawmifwdkuf/ rpdk;&drfwdkuf/ pvif;ausmif;wdkufwdk@u oHCmawmfrsm;. v_yf&Sm;r_rsm;ta=umif; av;jyifav;&yf oHCm or*~D. v_yf&Sm;r_wdk@udk q&mawmfrsm;tm; ajymjyygw,f? naeapmif;a&mufawmh usaemfh cE<mudk,fu '%f&mawG emusifvmw,f? naepm xrif;pm;csdefa&mufwmrdk@ xdkif;awGvnf; atmufxyfqif;vmygw,f? wpfa,muf usaemfhqDvm+yD; pum;ajymygw,f? olajymwm usaemfvnf; bmrSem;rvnf wma=umifh ajc[efvuf[efeJ@ ompum;ajym&ygw,f? usaemfhudk,fay:u '%f&mawG/ t!dktrJpGJaewmudk jrifoGm;awmh olpdwfraumif; jzpfoGm;ygw,f? a&SŒaeapmvGifu ol@qDu aq;vdrf;p&m wpfckckawmif;awmh oltay:jyefwufoGm;+yD; xdkif;y&kwfqDAl; wpfck ,lvmay;ygw,f? wpfae@wmtwGuf usif}uD; usifi,fpGef@zdk@ 'DtcsdefrSm tusifhvkyfxm;zdk@ q&mawmfwpfyg;u ajymygw,f? *efzvm;cscsdef aemufwpfcsdef&Sdao;w,fvdk@ xyfajymygw,f? av0ifavxGufraumif;onfh tcef;wGif usif}uD;pGef@+yD;ygu teH@toufrsm; aysmufatmif ykqdk;ydkif;jzifh cgxkwfypf&ygw,f? nae(5)em&DcGJawmh aq;r_;a&mufvmygw,f? usaemfhudk,f/ vufawGudkufcJaevdk@ aomufaq;/ vdrf;aq;ay;zdk@ awmif;awmh“rif;ubmtr_vJ/ ighudkq&mvmrvkyfeJ@/ jzpfwJha&m*gudkomajym ”vdk@}udrf;armif;+yD; bmpydk&dkeJ@ aqmf'grpf(3)vHk;pDay;um jyefxGufoGm;ygw,f? n(8)em&Davmufusawmh taqmif=uyf(vufarmif;&pf oHk;&pftqifh&Sdol) axmif=uyf cifarmifvwfqdkol rl;Ia&mufvm+yD; oCmawmfrsm;udk qJa&;wdkif;xGmygw,f? “ rdef;r&_yf/ t&ufaomuf/ r[kwfwmtukefvkyfvdk@ tzrf;cH&wm enf;ao;w,f” vdk@vnf; ajymygw,f? usaemfwdk@u cifAsm;pGyfpGJaewmawG r[kwfa=umif;/ q&mawmfawG[m “ywWedukZ…e uHaqmifjcif;”a=umifh axmifusvmwJh oCmawmfawG jzpfa=umif; jyef&Sif;jyvdk@ oludktxufvl}uD;awGu 'Dvdkajym+yD;tyfcJhwma=umifh ckvdkajymqdk+yD; jyefjiif;aeygao;w,f?

aemufwpfae@ reufusawmhrS olajymcJhwmawGtwGuf rSm;,Gif;a=umif; q&mawmfawGqD 0efcsawmif;yefygw,f? +yD;awmh q&mawmf}uD;rsm;twGuf eHeufpm qefjyKwfuyfygw,f? n(8)em&DavmufrSm wpfzufcef;rS anmifa&$trwf udktkef;armif&Jh oDcsif;nnf;oH udk=um;&ygw,f? tcef;wGif xdkifaepOf taemufzufcef;u eH&HudkcJeJ@ acgufwJh toH=um;&wma=umifh q&mawmfwpfyg;udk ar;vdkufrdw,f? wpfzufeJ@wpfzuf owif;ar; aewmvdk@ tajzjyefay;ygw,f? usaemf&kwfw&uf em;rvnf jzpfoGm;wma=umifh owif;ar;yHk/ owif;ay;yHkawGudk &Sif;jyygw,f? at/ bD/ pD/ 'DtwGuf atqdk&if wpfcsufacguf+yD;/ bDqdk&if ESpfcsufpojzifh csufa&trsm;udk&dkuf+yD; pmvHk;wpfvHk;+yD;ygu ESpfpuUef@avmufjcm;+yD; cyfjrefjref oHk;av;csuf &dkufum tjyeftvSef ar;=uwmyJ jzpfygw,f? wpfzufu vdkufrSwfwJholu =urf;jyifrSm vdkufa&;+yD; em;rvnfwmudk jyefar;ygw,f? axmiftwGif;tcuftcJawG 'Davmuf rsm;jym;aewJh=um;u owif;,lyHkudk =unfh+yD; usaemfawmfawmf av;pm;oGm;&ygw,f? Ak'<[l;ae@rSm axmifydkifwef;pD&Sdw,fvdk@ a&SŒaeOD;apmvGifuajym+yD; axmifydkifvmwJhtcg wifjyp&mawGudk wifjyzdk@ yHkpH&yf+yD;wifjyEdkifa=umif; ajymygw,f? axmifydkifvm&if q&m0ef}uD; ygvmrSm aocsmwma=umifh q&mawmf}uD;awG[m acgif;rl;+yD; usef;rma&; odyfraumif;wma=umifh wifjyzdk@ajymawmh q&mawmf}uD;rsm;u oabmwl=uygw,f? axmifydkifvmwJhtcgrSm taqmifr_;u bmwifjyp&m&Sdvdk@vJ ar;ygw,f? usef;rma&;udpPvdk@ ajymwma=umifh aemufrSm q&m0ef}uD;ygvmw,f? q&m0efudkjyygvdk@ jyefajymygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm tcef;(3)u Av}uD;qdkwJh ausmif;om;wpfa,mufu oGm;wdkuf+yD; tpmrpm;EdkifwJh udpPudkwifjyygw,f? q&m0efu b,fzufu emwmvJvdk@ ar;awmh tJ'Dausmif;om;u nmzuftHoGm; emaewmvdk@ jyefajzygw,f? q&m0efu 'gqdk&if b,fzufoGm;u aumif;aeawmh b,fzufoGm;eJ@0g; ”vdk@ajym+yD; xGufoGm;ygw,f? usaemfwdk@ tcef;a&SŒudka&mufvmawmh q&mawmf}uD;rsm;u xdkif&if;/ x&if; tm;enf;wma=umifh acgif;rl;+yD; rsufvHk;awG jyma0vmw,fvdk@ wifjyygw,f? 'gudk q&m0efu xdkif&ifajz;ajz;xdkif/ x&ifajz;ajz;x/ aysmufoGm;rSmygvdk@ ajym+yD; wpfjcm;cef;udk xGufoGm;ygw,f? tjcm;cef;u wmarG(tuo)u udkjrifhatmifu ol@wpfudk,fvHk;rSm 0JawGaygufaewma=umifh ta&jym;wpfckvHk;,m;+yD; tzkawGxGufaew,fvdk@ wifjyawmh t&dk;xJuaum r,m;bl;vm; vdk@ ar;+yD; bmrS rprf;oyfyJ jyefxGufoGm;ygw,f? tJ'Dq&m0ef[m axmifq&m0ef pdk;=unfqdkwm jzpfygw,f? ol[mvmbfpm;&mrSm tifrwefrS emrnf}uD;+yD; EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm;tay: tvGef&ufpufvSoljzpfygw,f? usaemfoD;oef@ axmifa&muf+yD;(2)&ufcef@ t=umrSmyJ vmbfpm;r_/ OD;cifarmifjrifh(jynfol wdk;wufa&;ygwD-OuUX/ ausmif;om;acgif;aqmif &uo-OuUX)ESifh Adkvfr_;baomf (armifaomfu) aoqHk;r_awGrSm tcsdef=uef@=umr_awGa=umifh &mxl;ujzKwfcscH&+yD; yifpifay;jcif; cHcJh&ygw,f? EdkifiHa&;tusOf;orm;awGu raoqHk;oifhyJ toufqHk;&_H;cJh&wJh

t"duw&m;cHuawmh olyJjzpfygw,f? bmha=umifhvJqdkawmh tusOf;om;tm;vHk;&Jh usef;rma&;[m ol@&JhrSwfcsuftay:rSm rlwnfaewma=umifh jzpfygw,f? wpf&ufrSm rqv A[dkaumfrwDjyKwf OD;bdkodef;&Jh nDjzpfol 'kwd,Adkvfr_;}uD; oD[ol&pdk;odef;onf aoG;wdk;a&m*geJ@ aoG;wufaepOf q&m0efudkac:aomfvnf; tcsdefrSD a&mufrvmwma=umifh aoG;wdk;acgif;rl;onfh a0'emudk t}uD;tus,f cHpm;ae&ygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm usaemfwdk@tcef;xJu q&mawmf}uD;wpfyg;u oHyk&moD;taphudk axmif0efxrf;wpfOD;tm; tjrefqHk;&Smcdkif;ygw,f? oHyk&moD;taphudk 0g;pm;cdkif;awmhrS oufomoGm;ygw,f? aemufusawmh q&mawmf}uD;udk aus;Zl;wifvGef;vdk@ pm;p&mrkef@ºuGyfwpfxkyf(olwdk@onf axmiftwGif; txl;pyg,f&S,f tcGifhta&;rsm;&&Sd aeojzifh)vmuefawmhoGm;ygw,f? wpfcgwkef;uvnf; usaemfwdk@tcef;eJ@ tjcm;tcef;u &JabmfawG 0rf;udkufa&m*gjzpfwkef;u axmifuaq;rSL;qdkol cifarmifEG,f a&mufvm+yD;olay;wJh wufx&mqdkufuvif;/ uvdk&dkzDeDaumESifh bwfpy&dkaq;rsm;udk ay;aomfvnf; a&m*groufomyJ ydk+yD;om qdk;&Gm;vmaeygw,f? 'gha=umifh usaemfwdk@taemufcef;u q&m0efOD;aZmfjrifharmif qdkoludk a&cdsK;qif;csdefrSm ar;=unfhawmh oluae+yD; aq;awGudk tcGHcsGwfIjrnf;=unfh&ef/ aq;tppfqdkygu aq;teH@&+yD; t&omrSmvnf; cg;oufouf &Sda=umif; ajymwma=umifh aq;r_;ay;wJh aq;awGudk ppfaq;=unfhygw,f? aq;awmifhawGxJrSm yJr_ef@awGxnfhxm;wJh aq;twkawGudk thH=ozG,f awG@vdkuf&ygw,f?'DudpPudk aq;rSLSSS;udkwifjyawmh olrodbl;/ axmifaq;&Hku ay;wJhaq;awG jzpfa=umif; jyefajymygw,f? tJ'Daemufydkif; tdrfuae aomufaq;awGjyefrSm +yD;&JabmfawGudk jyefa0vdkuf&awmhrSyJ a0'em oufom&m &cJhygw,f? usaemfhtcef;az:&Jh ajymjycsuft& (oluaemufydkif; tcef;(7)udk ajymif;a&G@cHcJh&ygw,f) OD;pdef0if;(oHk;cG) (u|ef;wdkufyGJwGif tpmiwfcHwdkufyGJ0ifcJhol)axmiftwGif; aoqHkk;&yHkrSm 0rf;udkufa&m*gydk;a=umifh tpmyif rpm;EdkifyJ 0r;fAdkuf wjznf;jznf; ylvm+yD; aemufqHk;toufyg ygoGm;&wJhtxd jzpfoGm;cJhygw,f? OD;pdef0if;[m toufyifaocJhaomf jim;vnf; emrnfraocJhonfh/ &JabmfawG=um;xJ twk,lzG,faumif;onfh ol&Jaumif; wpfa,mufjzpfygw,f? ol[m ppfaxmufvSrf;a&; t}uD;tuJjzpfwJh cif!Gef@eJ@ yk*~dKvfa&;t& tifrwef&if;ESD;aomfvnf; ol&Hk;xkwfwkef;u vmawG@wJhaxmufvSrf;a&;u ‘OD;av;bm vdkao;v’Jvdk@ar;awmh bmrSrvdkcsifbl;? 'Drdkua&pDeJ@ vl@tcGifhta&;yJvdkcsifw,f vdk@jyefajymcJhw,fvdk@ od&ygw,f? usaemfwdk@awGonf jrefrmjynf'Drdkua&pD&a&;/ vl@tcGifhta&; tjynfht0cHpm;Edkif&ef twGuf axmiftwGif;tjyif wdkufyGJrsm; qifEGJcJh=uw,f? wpfcsdK@&JabmfawG toufay; pGef@ v$wfcJh=uw,f? wGJbufaxmifoHwdkif=um;uae jrefrmjynf}uD;ta=umif; usaemf cg;cg;oufouf awG;aerdjyefw,f?

tcef;(16) a'gerSmaewJh awmifay:om;awG o&ufaxmifrSm usaemfwdk@eJ@twl axmifajymif;(100)xJrSm u&iftrsdK;om; tpnf;t&Hk; (KNU)u u&ifwdkif;&if;om;awG (10)a,muf ygvmygw,f? tJ'D u&ifwdkif;&if;om;awG[m EdkifiHawmfykefuefr_qdkwJh yk'fr(122)eJ@ ao'%fuscH&wJh olawGjzpf+yD; aemufrS wpfoufwpfu|ef;trdef@ ajymif;a&G@cH&wJh olawGjzpfygw,f? olwdk@awG[m 1983 ckESpf avmufu Adkvfrif;odef;OD;aqmif+yD; (KNU)rS yJcl;&dk;r jyefvnfazmfxkwfa&;wm0efeJ@ e,fpyfuae yJcl;&dk;rudk vmcJh=uygw,f? tJJ'DtvmrSm anmifav;yifteD; olaX;ukef;blwmem;rSm tpdk;&ppfwyfawGeJ@ ypfcwfr_awG jzpfygawmhw,f? olwdk@awG[m yJcl;&dk;rawmxJrSm cdkatmif;aexdkif =uygw,f? rqv tpdk;&u vufqufuif;/ wyfuif;awGeJ@ yJcl;&dk;r taemufjcrf;awGudk jzwf(4)jzwf usifhoHk;+yD; zrf;qD;ygw,f? (KNU)rS &JabmfawG[m &duQmjywfvyfr_'%fa=umifh xGufajy;EdkifwJh tcGifhtvrf;enf;yg;+yD; tpdk;&&Jhzrf;qD;r_udk cHvdkuf&ygw,f? olwdk@awGudk rqvtpdk;&u EdkifiHawmfykefuefr_eJ@ ao'%f csrSwfvdkufygw,f? olwdk@awG[m tr_udk t,lcH0ifcJhayr,fh tqifhqifh &_H;edrfhcJh&ygw,f? aemufqHk;tqifh jzpfwJh EdkifiHawmforRwqDrSm toem;cHv$mwif+yD; ao'%fay;rJhae@udkyJ apmifhae&ygawmhw,f? tJ'DumvrSmyJ 1988 ta&;awmfyHk}uD; jzpfyGm;awmh axmifwGif;qlylr_ jzpf=uygao; w,f? 1988 pufwifbmrSm e0wu tm%modrf;+yD;csdefrSm olwdk@ &JabmfawGcsnf; oufoufudk oD;oef@axmifu u|ef;wdkufudk ydk@vdkufygw,f? 1989ckESpfrSm e0wu a':atmifqef;pk=unfudk tus,fcsKyf rwm;qD;cifrSm axmifcgwJhtaeeJ@ vGwf+idrf;csrf;omcGifh ay;ygw,f? tJ'D vGwf+idrf;csrf;omcGifha=umifh(KNU)tr_awG tm;vHk;udk ao'%fuae wpfoufwpfu|ef;tjzpf ajymif;vJcJhygw,f? e0wtaeeJ@ 1992ckESpf/ arvrSm 11§92eJ@wpf}udrf/ 1992ckESpf 'DZifbmv(31)&ufae@rSm 1§ 93eJ@ wpf}udrf/ 1994ckESpf Zefe0g&Dv(3)&ufae@rSm wpf}udrfwdk@eJ@ vGwf+idrf;csrf;om cGifhay;cJhwmawGa=umifh vGwf&ufaphae+yD; jzpfaomfvnf; quf+yD; vGwf&ufr&Sd axmifcsxm;qJjzpfygw,f? axmifxJrSmae&wmcsnf;yJ (16)ESpfausmf&Sdae+yD; tcsdK@qdk&if OD;a%Smufawmif odyfraumif;csifawmhygbl;? tJ'Dvdk OD;a%Smuftenf;i,f csdK@,Gif;oGm;wJh olawGudk pdwWZaq;&Hkydk@ &r,fhtpm; axmifxJrSmyJ 'Dtwdkif;xm;ygw,f? olwdk@awGtm;vHk;u olwdk@vGwfrJh&ufeJ@ ywfouf+yD; axmifydkifudk wifjywJhtcgrSm olwdk@ vGwf&ufudk roda=umif;eJ@ txufudk jyefar;ay;rnfvdk@qdkum wdwdyy jyefvnf ajz=um;jcif; vnf; r&SdcJhygbl;? olwdk@awG[m vGwf&ufr&Sd tusOf;om;awGvdk jzpfaeygawmhw,f? wpfcsdK@tusOf;om;awGu cef@rSef;=uwmuawmh e0weJ@ (KNU)wdk@ aphpyf!SdEd_if;r_ r&ao;vdk@ olwdk@udk wrifjyefrv$wfao;wm jzpfEdkifw,fvdk@ cef@rSef;=uygw,f? ppftpdk;& vufxufrSm axmif'%fESpft&SnfqHk; uscHae&wJh tusOf;om;awG jzpfygw,f?

awmiftmz&duwdkufu orRwe,fvfqifref'Jvm;[m tom;ta&cGJjcm;r_a=umifh (26)ESpf=um ,Hk=unfcsufa=umifh tusOf;cHcJh&ygw,f? (KNU)&JabmfawGuvnf; olwdk@u&iftrsdK;om;rsm; &oifh&xdkufwJh tcGifhta&;twGuf ,Hk=unfcsufa=umifh awmfvSefwdkufyGJ0if&if; tusOf;uscHae&wm jzpfygw,f? awmifay:u&ifwdkif;&if;om;awG[m &dk;om;jzLpif+yD; yGifhvif;wJhoabmxm;&Sd =uygw,f? usaemfwdk@eJ@twlwl axmifajymif;cJh&wJh u&ifwdkif;&if;om; &JabmfawG[m awmxJ/ awmifxJ/ axmifxJrSm ESpf&Snfvrsm; aexdkifcJ@&olawGyDyD rD;&xm;wdk@/ oabFmwdk@awmif wpfcgrS rpD;zl;=u&Smygbl;? axmifajymif;rSyJ pD;zl;=uolawGyJ jzpfygw,f? yef;oD;wdk@/ bmwdk@qdkawmif "gwfyHkawG/ pmapmifawGrSmom awG@zl;=u+yD; b,fvdk t&om&Sdvnf;qdkwm rod=uygbl;? olwdk@awG t}udKufESpfoufqHk; [if;v#muawmh ig;yd&nfeJ@ i&kwfoD;pyfpyf[if;awGjzpf+yD; ig;ydeJ@ i&kwfom&Sd&if xrif;pm;vdk@&w,fvdk@ ajymygw,f? ajymwJhtwdkif;vJ olwdk@pm;=uygw,f? olwdk@qDrSmawG@&wJh wlnDwJhpdwfxm;awGuawmh r}udKufwJhudpPudk aumufauG@ zHk;uG,fajymavhr&SdwmyJ jzpfygw,f? yGifhyGif@vif;vif;eJ@ wJhwdk;ajymqdk=uygw,f? yGifhvif;wJh olwdk@&Jh"avh[m cspfcifESpfoufzG,f aumif;vS+yD; awmifay:wdkif;&if;om; wdk@&Jh pdwfaepdwfxm;wdk@udk az:jyaeygw,f? usaemfwdk@ o&ufaxmifudk twlwlajymif;a&GŒ vm&wJh u&ifwdkif;&if;om; (10)a,mufpvHk;[m c&pfbmom0ifawGjzpf+yD; oDcsif;qdkaumif;vS=uygw,f? "rRaw;awG/ u&ifwdkif;&if;om; &dk;&maw;awG oDqdkwJhtcgrSm pxl;aqm/ udkxl;vG,f/ zxD;avmt,fvfeJ@ udkaus;awmwdk@[m tifrweftwdkiftazmuf nD+yD; em;axmifvdk@aumif;vSygw,f? ollwdk@tawGaxmifxJrSm trSwfw& a&;pyfoDqdkxm;wJh oDcsif;av;wpfyk'f&Sd ygw,f? oDcsif;emrnfu “awmifay:om;”wJh? » » » usaemfawmifay:om; » » » a'gerSmaeygw,f » » » » » » wG,fwmp&mqdkvnf; » » » a0vma0; » » » » » » vmcsif&ifac:ygw,f » » »a'geajr0,f » » » » » » taygif;toif;rdwfaqG » » » a&mif;&if;rsm;awG&,f » » » » » » tckcsdefrsm;qdk » » » ta&mufvmcJh&if » » » » » » awmifay:om;&Jh"avh » » » aysmfp&may » » » » » » oDcsif;oHav;awG » » » 'Hk;tuav;awG » » » » » » pnfum;vdk@ » » » aeqJay » » » usaemfwdk@awG u&ifzxD;awGeJ@ twlwlaexdkifpOf umvrSm awmifay:u&if}uD; pxl;aqmajymjywJh [moav; wpfckta=umif; }uHK}udKufwkef; wifjyvdkygw,f? rqvtpdk;& rif;rlaepOf umvwkef;u qmxl;apm[m u&ife,fajrwpfae&mu tpdk;&pmoifausmif; wpfausmif;rSm wm0efxrf;aqmifaewJh rlvwef;jy ausmif;q&mwpfOD; jzpfygw,f? rqvvufxuf ae@xl;/ ae@&ufawGqdk&if tcke0w vufxuf jynfol@oabmxm; cH,lyGJvdkrsdK; csDwufyGJawG jyKvkyfygw,f? tJ'DvdkyGJawGudk rvdkufrae& trdef@a=umifh qmxl;apmtygt0if awmifay:wdkif;&if;om; awmfawmfrsm;rsm; pdwfnpf&ygw,f?

tdyf,mu reuftapm}uD;x+yD; aumuf!Sif;aygif; wpfa,mufwpfxkyfay;um em;axmifcsifcsif/ em;raxmifcsifcsif xdkifae&ygw,f? wpfOD;eJ@wpfOD; tcsdwftquf jyKvkyfxm;wJh twdkif; rqv ygwD,lepf udk,fpm;vS,fawGu “'Dtqdkudk wifoGif;ygw,f/ 'Dtqdkudk axmufcHygw,f” qdkk+yD;olwdk@tcsif;csif; twdkiftazmuf nDnDvkyfaewmudk vlawGudkoufoufrJh tdyfa&;ysufatmif vkyfygw,f? rqv&Jh csDwufyGJawG&Jh 'kuQudk awmifay:om; wdkif;&if;om; awG awmfawmfcHpm; vdkuf&ygw,f? tpnf;ta0;+yD;+yD;vm;eJ@ pdwfnpfnpfeJ@ apmifhaecsdefrSm tcrf;tem; pifjrifhay:u acgif;aygif;xm;wJh yk*~Kvfwpfa,mufu “'DDtqdkudk oabmwlygovm;cifAsm”vdk@ ar;awmh tm;vHk;u tdrfjyefcsifaewma=umifh wlygw,fvdk@ ajzvdkuf=uygw,f? tcrf;tem;+yD;awmhrSmrdk@ qmxl;apmwdk@0rf;tom}uD; 0rf;omaeygw,f? xHk;pHtwdkif; tcrf;tem;udk aºuG;a=umfoHawGeJh &kyfodrf;vdkufygw,f? rqvvufxuf aemufqHk;aºuG;a=umfoHuawmh “qdk&S,fvpfacwf ajymif;awmfvSefa&; atmif&rnf atmif&rnf”jzpfygw,f? 'gudk pdwfr&SnfEkdifawmhwJh awmifay:u&if}uD; wpfa,mufu “qdk&S,fvpfacwfajymif;awmfvSefa&; atmfbGmvD atmfbGmvD”vdk@ u&ifoH}uD;eJ@ tm;&yg;&atmfvdkuf ygw,f? 'DtoH=um;awmhab;u u&ifwdkif;&if;om;awGu 0dkif;&,f=uygw,f? 'gayr,fh ygwD,lepfvl}uD; wpfa,mufu r&,frarmEdkifeJ@ oHo,awGjzpf+yD; cifAsm;apmapmu bmatmfvdkufwmvJvdk@ ar;jref;ygw,f? 'Dawmh u&if}uD;uvnf;“atmif&r,fav/ 'dk@u awmifay:u&ifqdkawmh tm;wufoa&m atmfvdkufwm pum;ryDyJ atmfbGmvD jzpfoGm;wm”vdk@ tajzjyefay;vdkufawmh ygwD,lepfvl}uD;uvnf; 0rf;omtm;& jzpfoGm;ygw,f? aemuffwpf}udrf tcrf;tem;rSL;&Jh qdk&S,fvpfacwfajymif;awmfvSefa&; wdkifay;oHudk atmfbmGvD/ atmfbGmvDqdk+yD; atmf[pfygavawmhw,f? wpfu,fawmh atmfbGmvDqdkwJh pum;vHk;[m u&ifbmomeJ@qdk qJqdkwJhae&mrSm oHk;wJh awmfawmfqdk;&Gm;wJh t"dy`g,f aygufapwJh pum;jzpfygw,f? tJ'Dpum;vHk;&Jht"dy`g,fudk bmomjyefrjyawmhygbl;? eD;pyf&m u&ifwdkif;&if;om;awGqD ar;jref;=unfhygvdk@ yef=um;vdkufygw,f? qmxl;apmqdkwJh u&iftrsdK;om;}uD;[m rqvtpdk;&vufxufu wdkif;&if;om;zGH@+zdK;a&;odyH̀ oifwef;trSwf(3)eJ@ ppfudkif;&Gmopf}uD; oifwef;qif;wJh rlvwef;jy ausmif;q&m jzpfwma=umifh rqv&Jh a'gufwdkifozG,fjzpfaewJh ygwDoabmw&m;awGudk oif,lcJhygw,f? 'Dvdkoif,l+yD;rS u&ifjynfe,frSm pmoif=um;zdk@ apv$wfcJhayr,fh qmxl;apm[m u&iftrsdK;om;a&;twGuf (KNU)xJ0if+yD; ppfr_xrf;aqmifcJhygw,f? qmxl;apm&Jh yHko¿efu vlu00/ rsufESmuao;ao;eJ@rdk@ jrefrmawG&Jh zdk;omxl;&kyfeJ@ tvGefwlygw,f? pum;ajymvnf;aumif;/ oDcsif;qdkvnf;aumif;+yD; cspfcifzdk@vnf; aumif;vSygw,f? wpfcgwkef;u oluusaemfwdk@udk “a[h/ cifAsm;wdk@ Armtpdk;& tqufquf rqva&m/ e0wyg ajymajymaewJh OruGJodkufrysufqdkwJh pum;vHk;udk usKyfoabmrusbl;” vdk@ ajymygw,f? usaemfwdk@uvnf; “b,fvdkjzpfvdk@vJ zxD;” vdk@ar;awmh “cifAsm;wdk@yJ

pOf;pm;=unfhav/ OruGJ&if taumifraygufbl;? taumifrayguf&if rsdK;qufwkef;oGm;rSmaygh uG” wJh? zxD;pum;tqHk;rSm usaemfwdk@ &,frd=uygao;w,f? +yD;awmh olu(KNU)eJ@ rqvwdk@ vufxufuppfyGJawG ta=umif;udk ajymjyygw,f? “ciffAsm;wdk@ ArmhwyfrawmfrSm atmifqef;ol&d,bGJ@[m tjrifhqHk;jzpfovdk usKyfwdk@tzGJ@rSmvnf; apmbOD;}uD; CROSS [m tjrifhqHk;yJuG ” +yD;awmh &efolwyfuawmif a=umuf&GH@&wJh wdkuf&nfcdkuf&nf jrifhrm;wJh &JabmfawG olwdk@(KNU)wyfrSm &Sda=umif; ajymjyygao;w,f? u&ifzxD;wdk@awG[m axmifwGif; (16)ESpf=um jzwfoef;cJhwma=umifh axmifwGif;tawG@t}uHKawG trsm;}uD;&Sdygw,f? tJ'D tawG@t}uHKawGudk usaemfwdk@awGudk jyefajymjyygw,f? wpfcgusaemfwdk@udk }udK;ay;cH&wJholawGcsnf;yJ ae&wJh wdkufcef;u tawG@t}uHK awG udkvnf; ajymjyygw,f? pdwf"mwfrcdkifrmwJh olawGqdk&if }udK;ay;cgeD; pdwfv_yf&Sm;r_rsm;+yD; pdwfazmufjyefoGm;wmawGvnf; &Sdygw,f? 'gayr,fh zxD;awGajymjycsuft& EdkifiHa&;tr_eJ@ }udK;ay;ao'%f uscHoGm;&olawGuawmh ajcwpfvSrf;rysufyJ/ rnfhol@ tultnDudkrS r,lyJ }udK;pifay:wufwJh avSum;udk wufoGm;EkdifcJhw,fvdk@ od&ygw,f *VKefOD;apm/ tkef;ausmfjrifh/ udkwifarmifOD;(r_dif;&mjynfhausmif;om; acgif;aqmif)wdk@eJ@ u&ifwyfrawmfu (2)OD; wdk@uawmh olwdk@udk}udK;ay;zdk@ vmxkwfwJhtcgrSm tjcm;tcef;awGu olwdk@&Jh &JabmfawG&SdwJh ae&mtxdvm+yD; “a,mufza&/ oGm;ESifh+yDa[h” vdk@aysmfaysmf&$if&$ifyJ ajym+yD; }udK;pifay: wufoGm;cJhw,fvdk@ ajymjyygw,f? u&if&Jabmf (2)OD;udk }udK;ay;wJhtcgrSm u&iftpnf;t&Hk;&Jh oDcsif;wpfyk'fjzpfwJh “v,faxmfql;nm; byGmaumfol;av;zdk;’ tpcsDwJh u&ifhppfaoG;ppfrSef oDcsif;udk us,favmifpGm atmf[pf oDqdk+yD; }udK;pifay:rSm a'gufjzKwfI toufpaw;cH wdkufyGJ0ifoGm;cJhwJh ta=umif;udk ajymjycJhygw,f? tjcm;&mZ0wftusOf; om;awGxJrSm ao'%fay;wJhtcg tomw=unf vdkufoGm;wJh ol&Sdovdk/ &kef;uefwJhtwGufa=umifh oHvufoD;armifarmifwdk@tkyfpku oHcsdwfawGeJ@ayguf+yD; tjyifukd xkwf,lcJh&wmawGvnf; &Sdygw,f? jynfolawGod=uapzdk@ }udK;wdkufao'%fab;uae vGwfajrmufcJh&wJh zxD;awG ajymjycsuft& }udK;ay;cH&ol wpfa,muf tqifhqifhausmfjzwf&yHkudk usaemfrSwfrdoavmuf rSwfwrf;wifvdkygw,f? w&m;&Hk;awmfu ao'%fvdk@csrSwf+yD; axmifxJudk a&mufvmwJholudk tjcm;wdkufcef;awGrSm tjcm;tusOf;om;awGeJ@ a&maESmrxm;yJ }udK;wdkufvdk@ac:wJh ao'%form;rsm;udk xm;wJhtcef;rSm xm;ygw,f? tJ'D}udK;wdkufrSm ao'%f tusOf;orm;awGudk wpfa,mufwpfcef;xm; ygw,f? ao'%fuscH&r,fh tusOf;om;udk axmifxJrSm tom;[if;eJ@ xrif;udkyHkrSef au|;+yD; tywfpOfaygifcsdef/ usef;rma&;ppfygw,f? ao'%ftrdef@eJ@ axmifxJudk pa&mufvmol[m ueOD;tprSmawmh odyf+yD; ylyefp&m rvdkao;ygbl;? t,lcH0ifcGifhawG &Sdaeao;wma=umifh arsmfvifhaevdk@ &ao;wmjzpfygw,f?

w&m;&Hk;u csrSwfvdkufwJh tr_eJ@ywfouf+yD; tJ'DcsrSwfvdkufwJh w&m;&Hk;udk t,lcH pwif&ygw,f? +rdK@e,f/ wdkif;/ A[dkw&m;&Hk; pwJhtqifhawGqD wpfqifh+yD; wpfqifh t,lcHv$m wif&ygw,f? tJ'DtqifhawGu tusOf;om;&Jh t,lcHv$mawGudk y,fcsvdkuf+yDqdk&if rqv vufxufu jynfhol@v$wfawmfudk t,lcHwif&ygw,f? (4)ESpfwpf}udrfusif;ywJh jynfol@v$wfawmfu t,lcHudky,f+yD; jypf'%fudk twnfjyKvdkuf&ifawmh aozdk@vrf; tifrwef eD;oGm;+yD jzpfygw,f? }udK;orm;wpfa,muf&Jh aemufqHk;ulu,f&m aumuf&dk;wpfr#ifjzpfwJh aemufqHk;tqifh wpfckyJusefygawmhw,f? tJ'guawmh EdkifiHawmforRw}uD;xH toem;cHpm wifwmyJ jzpfygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm }udK;orm;wpfa,muf&Jh toufu orRw}uD;vufxJudk a&muf&SdoGm;ygw,f? zqyv vufxufrSmawmh EdkifiHawmforRw}uD; ref;0if;armifu Adkvfr_;cspfaumif;udk ao'%fuae uif;vGwfcGifh ay;cJhzl;ygw,f? 'gayr,fh rqvorRw vufxufusawmh 99&mcdkifE_ef;u toem;cHpmudk yvyfvdkufwm rsm;ygw,f? }udK;orm;wpfa,muf[m EdkifiHawmforRwxH toem;cHpm wif+yD;oGm;&ifawmh ao&r,fh&ufudk vufcsdK;a&wGufapmifhzdk@yJ &Sdygawmhw,f? tJ'Dvdkapmifhae&wJh tcsdefrsdK;rSm aumv[moowif;awG xGufay:vmwwfygw,f? }udK;ay;zdk@twGuf tvkyf}uD;zufrSm }udK;(2)acsmif;uspfaewmwdk@/ vuform;bkwfu tacgif;(2)vHk; &dkufxm;+yD;+yDwdk@ tp&SdojzifhygyJ? }udK;wdkufxJrSm pdwfudkaysmf&$ifatmif twufEdkifqHk;ae=u ayr,fh wpfcgwpf&H }udK;wdkufudk axmifr_;awG/ axmifq&m0efawGeJ@ axmifydkifwdk@ wdkif;cef; vSnfhvnf+yDqdk&if t&rf;udk owdxm;&ygw,f? t,lcHtqifhqifh&_H;xm;+yD; orRwqD toem;cHpm wifxm;wJholawG vnfyif;,m;&ygawmhw,f? bmjzpfvdk@vnf;qdkawmh axmifydkifu }udK;ay;&r,fh tusOf;om;wpfOD;csif;qDudk rwfwyf&yf+yD; vdkufpum;ajymaecsdefrSm tusOf;om;&Jht&yfeJ@ ol@t&yfudkwdkif;um tusOf;om;&Jh t&yfudkcef@rSef;+yD; tacgif;aowWm &dkufapygw,f? axmifydkif}udK;wdkuf vm=unfh+yD;wJh nqdk&if }udK;wdkufwpfckvHk; ajcmufjcm;zG,f&m wdwfqdwf ajcmufuyfaewwf+yD; }udK;orm;awGwpfOD;csif; ol@tvSnfhvm;/ ightvSnfhvm; qdkwJhtawG;awGeJ@ pdk;&drfae=u&ygw,f? aemufwpfae@ reufrdk;vif;&ifawmh ao'%fay;&r,fh }udK;orm;udk ol@&Jhrdom;pku axmif0ifpmvmawG@Edkif&if awG@cdkif;+yD; olwdk@udk oD;oef@ay;awG@ ay;ygw,f? tJJ'DvdkawG@&wJh tcsdefrSm w&m;cH&Jha&S@aevnf; &Sdwwfygw,f? rdom;pkeJ@ awG@cGifhay;+yD; oGm;&ifawmh e*dkxm;wJh}udK;wdkufuae }udK;pife@J teD;qHk;rSm&SdwJh oD;oef@wdkufudk ajymif;a&G@ xm;vdkufygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm axmifydkifu w&m;oabmtenf;i,f ajym+yD; tcef;xJu xGufapygw,f? tomw=unfqdk&if bmrSrjzpfayr,fh jy\em&Sm+yD; wdkufcef;xJu rxGuf&ifawmh tiftm;oHk;+yD; qGJxkwfap&ygw,f? }udK;ay;cH&r,fh tusOf;om;[m }udK;ray;cif(1)ywf avmuf tvdkuwnf;u usef;rma&; aq;ppfcsuf,l+yD; usef;rma&; aumif;rGefa=umif; q&m0efaxmufcHcsuf &&Sdxm;+yD; jzpfygw,f? }udK;ay;cH&cgeD; ajymif;a&G@ cHvdkuf

&wJh }udK;pifem;u wdkuf[m oD;oef@wdkufcef; jzpf+yD; }udK;pifudk jrifawG@ae&ygw,f? bk&m;wpfqlvnf; &Sdygw,f? }udK;ay;wJhtcsdef[m rsm;aomtm;jzifh reufvif;tm&k%ftcsdefrSm jyKvkyfwwfygw,f? aemufwpfae@ }udK;ay;awmhr,fqdk&if nzufrSm oufqdkif&mbmom tvdkuf o&%*HkwifwmawG jyKvkyfcGifhay;ygw,f? wpfcsdK@ }udK;'%form;awG[m reufydkif;}udK;pifay: rwuf&cif tcsdefav;awGudk w&m;acGzGifhem;axmif&if; tcsdef ukefqHk;apwwf=uygw,f? }udK;wdkufem;u oD;oef@wdkufudk ajymif;a&G@ a&muf&SdvmwJhtcgrSm tcef;twGif;rSm v#yfppfrD; rxm;ay;yg? +cHKapmif ray;awmhyg? *efzvm;ray;yg? aoapEdkifwJh t&mwpfckrS rxm;wJhtjyif 0efxrf;(2)OD;u wpfvSnfhpD rdepfrjcm; apmifh=uyfaeygw,f? v#yfppfrD;rxm;wmu wpfcsdK@}udK; '%form;awGu aemufwpfae@ }udK;eJ@ao&rSmudk a=umufvef@+yD; }udK;ay;wmudk rcHawmhyJ rD;yvyfjzKwf+yD; "gwfvdkufcHjcif;/ +cHKapmif&Sdygu +cHKapmifudk toHk;jyK+yD; vnfyif;}udK;uGif;pGyfI aoa=umif;}uHpnfjcif; *efzvm;rxm;wmu cE<udk,fudk *efzvm;rsm;eJ@ xk&dkufjcif;/ tkwfeH&Hudk acgif;eJhajy;aqmifh+yD; wdkufjcif;awGa=umifh tapmifht=uyf xm;&Sd&jcif;awGyJ jzpfw,fvdk@ od&ygw,f? aemufwpfae@ tm&k%fusif;+yDqdk&ifawmh axmifydkif/ axmifrSL;/ axmifq&m0ef eJh w&m;&Hk;u w&m;ol}uD;rsm; a&mufvm+yD; axmif0efxrf;tiftm;eJ@ 0ef;&H+yD; }udK;pifay: wifygw,f? }udK;pifay:rSm avSum; ( 2 ) ck&Sd+yD; yxravSum;udk acsmacsmarmarm jzwfEdkif=uayr,fh }udK;pifuGif;&J@ a'gufqGJjzKwfr,fhtqifh =urf;jyifukdwuf&r,fh avSum; ( 3 )qifhudk wuf&wm awmfawmfcufw,fvdk@ od&ygw,f? tusOf;om; awmfawmfrsm;rsm;[m }udK;uGif;vnfyif;em; eD;uyfvmwmudk=unfh+yD; aysmhacGoGm;wwfvdk@ ab;em;uae 0efxrf;awGu vufarmif;wpfzufpDu csKyf+yD; }udK;pifay: qGJwif&ygw,f? }udK;pifay: a&mufwJhtcgrSm axmiftm%mydkifawGu trdef@pmjyefygw,f? +yD;awmh aemufqHk; rSm=um;jcif;/ awmif;qdkjcif; awGvkyfEdkifygw,f? tJ'Dae&mrSmwif tavmif;udk tdrfodk@ydk@ay;&ef qEN&Sd/ r&Sd/ o+*õKvfzdk@ wm0ef,lEdkifrnfhol &Sd/ r&Sd ar;+yD; o+*õKvfpm;&dwfr&Sd&if axmifuae tpdk;&pm;&dwfeJ@ o+*õKvfay;ygw,f? ( ¹cGif;csuftaeeJh EdkifiHa&;tr_eJh ao'%ftr_awGudk tjyifu rdbaqGrsdK;awGxH tavmif;jyefay;jcif;r&Sdvdk@ od&ygw,f)}udK;'%fcH&r,fh tusOf;om;udk ar;jref;+yD;wJh tcgrSmawmh oufqdkif&m bmomtvdkuf qkawmif;jcif;cGifhjyK+yD; acgif;pGyf pGyfcsvdkufygw,f? +yD;wJhtcgrSm vnfyif;ukd }udK;uGif;wyf+yD; tusOf;OD;pD;Xmeu wyf=uyf}uD; wpfOD;OD;uae a'gufudkqGJjzKwfcs+yD; aoapcJhygw,f? rqvvufxuf }udK;ay;cHcJhol tcsdK@rSm a'gufjyKwf+yD; ( 5 )rdepf=um }udK;jyefajzcdsefrSm touf&Sifaeao;ygu aemufxyfwpf}udrf raorcsif;owfwmawG &Sda=umif;vnf; od&ygw,f? 'guawmh u&iftrsdK;om; zxD;}uD;awGajymjywJh axmifwGif;}udK;b0/ }udK;rdef@ ypf'%feJh ywfouf+yD; wifjywmjzpfygw,f? u&iftrsdK;om;}uD;awGeJ@ yufouf+yD;qufajym&r,fqdk&if wpfcg 1993 ckESpfxJrSm o&ufaxmifwGif; trSwf(4)aqmifrSm jy\emwpfck jzpfcJhygao;w,f? tusOf;om;awG

twGuf axmifuae ( 1 ) ywfwpfcg a0iSay;aewJh qyfjymeJ@ yufouf+yD; jzpfwmyJ jzpfygw,f? axmifuaeay;wJh qyfjym[m tvGefao;i,fae+yD; &kyfysufqif;ysufjzpfaevdk@ ( 4 )aqmifu EdkifiHa&;tr_awG tm;vHk;pk&kH;+yD; axmifydkifwef;pD;rSm wifjy=uygw,f? tJ'Dvdkwifjyawmh axmifydkifwef;pD;u ‘'gyJ&r,f? 'gBJMxJuyHkpHtwdkif;a0wm? rvdkcsif&ifjyefay;’vdk@ajymwJhtwGuf ( 4 )aqmifu EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awG tm;vHk; jyefay;vdkufygw,f? tJ'DtusdK;quftaeeJ@ ( 4 )aqmifu EdkifiHa&;tr_awG tm;vHk;udk axmifxJu axmifwpfckjzpfwJh taqmifuae wdkufukda&$@+yD; ajcusif;cwf/ a'gufwyfcHvdkufygw,f? &uftenf;i,f=umawmh axmifydkifu }udK;&ufvGwfcJhwJh KNUu&ifzxD;}uD;awGudk a&G;+yD;v$wfvdkufawmh usaemfwdk@aewJh tdyfaqmif(1)udk a&mufvmygw,f? usefwJh ( 4 )aqmifu EdkifiHa&;orm;awGudkawmh ae+rJtwdkif; wdkufxJrSm xm;vdkufygw,f? usaemfwdk@taqmifudk zxD;wdk@a&mufvmawmh ae&mxdkifcif; tpm;taomufawG tqifajyzdk@ usaemfwdk@ (1)aqmifu 0dkif;0ef;vkyfaqmifay;wmudk pxl;apmeJ@/ udkxl;vG,fwdk@u usaemfwdk@udk tjrifr=unf jzpfaeygw,f? +yD;awmh . . . “ usaemfcifAsm;wdk@ ( 5 )nawGeJh twlwl xrif;rpm;bl;? usaemfwdk@zmom oD;oef@aer,f ” vdk@ usaemfwdk@udk a'gow}uD; ajymygw,f? +yD;awmhxyf+yD; . . . “ usaemfwdk@ wdkufxJrSm qufraeEdkifawmhbl;? (10 ) ESpf&Sd+yD aevmwm? qufraeEkdifawmhbl;? cifAsm;wdk@ usKyfudkxifcsifovdk xifEdkifw,f? usKyfcifAsm;wdk@eJh twlwlraebl; ”vdk@ajymygw,f? usefwJhzxD;awGu tjcm;xrif;pm;0dkif;u axmif0ifpmvmolawGeJ@ wGJ+yD;xm;vdk@ tqifajyoGm;cJhw,f? udk+idrf;csrf;wdk@ xrif;pm;0dkif;rSm Adkvfoef;vS/ udkwifjrifheJ@ usaemfwdk@0dkif;rSm zxD;aomrwfpf/ csdKav;/ udkatmif (udkxGef;jrifhatmif)wdk@ 0dkif;rSm ref;!$ef@/ tefu,fvfOD;atmifjrifh0if;wdk@ 0dkif;rSm zxD;avmt,fvfwdk@ tqifajyajy jzpfae=uayr,fh zxD;pxl;aqmeJ@ udkxl;vG,fwdk@u olwdk@ajymxm;wJhtwdkif; oD;jcm;aeygw,f? usaemfwdk@u oGm;+yD; acsmharmhajzmif;jz ajymqdkayr,fh zxD;pxl;aqmu a'guefaeygao;w,f? usaemfwdk@u zxD;pxl;aqmajymwJhudpPeJ@ yufouf+yD; pdwftaESmuft,Suf rjzpfrdovdk zxD;wdk@udk em;vnfcJhygw,f? usaemfu ydkvdk@awmif cspfcifrdygao;w,f? olwdk@&ifxJrSm t&Sdudkt&Sdtwdkif; yGifhyGifhvif;vif;}uD;ajymwwfvdk@ pxl;aqmwkd@&J@ pdwf"mwf&dk;om;r_udk rsufjrifcHpm;em;vnfygw,f? &efukeftif;pdefaxmifrSm }udK;wdkufeJ@ u|ef;wdkufawGrSm oHajcusif;eJ@ (10)ESpfeD;yg; aecJh&olawG jzpfygw,f? zxD;wdk@aecJh&wJh wdkufawGu usaemfwdk@ aecJh&wJhwdkufawGvdk omrmefr[kwfygbl;? oHwHcg;wpfxyf/ opfom;wHcg;wpfxyfeJ@ av0ifavxGuf opfom;aygufav; wpfckyJ&Sdygw,f? nqdk&if rD;a&mifrSdefrSdefav;atmufrSm usef;rma&;csdK@,Gif;pGmeJ@ yifyef;qif;&J}uD;pGm aecJh&olawGyg? oHajcusif;eJ@ (10)ESpfaecJh&vdk@ olwdk@&J@ajcusif;0wfawGrSm oHpm;vdk@ ajcaxmufawG xHkudkufae+yD; oHqdyfwufcJh&olawG jzpfygw,f? tckvdkajcusif;vGwfeJ@ ae&wm &ufydkif;av;yJ &Sdao;wJhtcsdefrSm wdkufxJjyefa&mufoGm;vdk@ ola'goxGufwmudk em;vnfudk,fcsif;pmrdygw,f?

aemufwpfcku KNUrSm vufeufudkif+yD; toufudkpGef@ wdkufyGJ0ifvmcJholawG qdkawmh axmifxJrSm qyfjymwHk;av;udpPeJ@ wdkufxJolwdk@ raecsifwm obm0usygw,f? aemufydkif; pxl;aqmu t*FvdyfoDcsif;/ Hym book awGxJuoDcsif;awGqdkwmaumif;vdk@ usaemfwdk@u vdkufqdk/ vdkufoif&if;eJ@ &if;ESD;oGm;ygawmhw,f? usaemfwdk@ axmif0ifpm vm&ifvnf; pm;aomufzG,f&mawGudk zxD;wdk@qD oGm;ydk@ay;wwfygw,f? wpfcgwpfcgvnf; usaemfwdk@qDrSm i&kwfoD;r_ef@ vmawmif;wwfygw,f? aemufodyfr=umygbl;? usaemfwdk@ xrif;pm;0dkif;rSm u&iftrsdK;om;awG jzpf=uwJh zxD;pxl;aqm/ zxD;avmt,fvf/ apmausmf+idrf;/ udkxl;vG,fwdk@eJ@ pnfum;odkuf+rdKuf aeygawmhw,f? wpfcgwpfcgaxmifxJrSm awmif,mu&vmwJh t&Gufpdrf;udkvSD;+yD;/ i&kwfoD;r_ef@/ tcsdKr_ef@/ i&kwfqD/ ig;yda=umfenf;enf;udk qDcsufeJ@okwf+yD; pm;aomufzdk@ usaemfwdk@u tpmyvm jyifwkef;yJ &Sdygao;w,f? pdwfr&SnfawmhwJh zxD;awGu axmifiydudk yJ[if;&nfeJ@azsmf+yD;/ i&kwfoD;r_ef@eJ@ ususee e,fzwfpm;aomufaeESifh =uygawmhw,f? xrif;wpfyef;uefawmif ukefaeyg+yD? usaemfu . . . “ c%ae=uygOD;/ 'DrSmt&Gufokwfaew,f? c%uav;yg”qdkawmh “ pm;&if;apmifhwmayghAsm ” vdk@jyefajzw,f? +yD;awmht&GufokwfeJ@ aemufwpfyef;uef xyfpm;=uygawmhw,f? usaemfaxmifxJrSm aexdkifraumif;&if pm;zdk@qdk+yD; tdrfuaxmif0ifpmuae xnfhay;wufwJh aumfzDr_ef@/ Edk@r_ef@/ o=um;awGukd pkodrf;xm;+yD; udk+idrf;csrf;eJ@ udk&uQD;wdk@&J@ xrif;pm;0kdif;awG&J@ yHhydk;r_awG tm;vHk;aygif;+yD; axmifxJrSm u&ifESpfopful;/ c&pfawmfarG;ae@ tcgor,/ c&pfprwfpfae@/ ESpfopful;ae@awGrSm usaemfwdk@ EkdifiHa&;tusOf;orm;awGtjyif &mZ0wftusOf;om;awGyg yg0ifap+yD; usaemfwdk@ trSwf(1)tdyfaqmifrSm usif;y jyKvkyfEkdifcJhygw,f? o&uftusOf;axmifwGif; "rRaw;oDcsif;oHawG/ c&pfprwfpfaw;oHawG ysH@vGifhapcJhygw,f? zxD;wdk@u c&pfprwfpf qkawmif;yGJrSm "rRusrf;pmtkyfudkudkif+yD; v_dufvJSpGm qkawmif;=uw,f? +yD;awmh zxD;awGu olwdk@axmifusvmcJhwJh umvwpfavsmufvHk; 'DvdkwpfcgrS tcrf;tem; rvkyfEkdifcJhbl;? cifAsm;aus;Zl;a=umifhyJ? 'Dae@awGa&mufwdkif; cifAsm;udk owd&aerSmvdk@ usaemfhudkajymygw,f? u&ifESpfopful;ae@udkvnf; jyKvkyfcJh=uygao;w,f? reufydkif;rSm axmifrSL;eJ@ em;vnfr_&,l+yD; tvHwif/ tav;jyKtcrf;tem;udk jyKvkyfcJhygw,f? “ a[wm,l;a&mhql; . . . xD;aumfaemfw&m ” “ ,l;a&mh ” “ xD;avmh ” vdk@u&ifbmomeJh u&iftrsdK;om;tvHukd tav;jyKygw,f? u&ifvlrsdK;rsm;&J@ bmom/ ,Ofaus;r_/ pmayta=umif;awGeJ@ ( KNU ) rSmolwdk@awG@}uHK&wJh u&ifESpfopful; tawG@t}uHKawGeJ@ u&ifESpfopful;jzpfay:vm&wJh ta=umif;&if;udk Adkvf}uD;oef;vS OD;aqmifwJh u&ifwyfzGJ@0ifawGu ajym=um;=uygw,f? +yD;awmh u&iftrsdK;om; tpnf;t&Hk;&Jh aw;oDcsif;awGukdoDqdk+yD; u&ifESpfopful;ae@ tcrf;tem;udk o&ufaxmif

taqmif (1) tcef; (3)rSm vBuf&nftcsdKyGJeJ@ usif;yEdkifcJhygao;w,f? aemufydkif;rSm zxD;wdk@eJ@ usaemfwdk@[m rdbeJ@om; orD;awGvdk cspfcifwG,fwm oHa,mZOf jzpfrd =uygawmhw,f? “ igwdk@awG&J@ rvGwfajrmufao;wJh tajctaeudk tjyifa&muf&if ajymjyay;yg? KNU uvl}uD;awG odatmifvkyfay;yg? igwdk@udk ao+yDyJvdk@ olwdk@rSwf,l=urSmyJ ” usaemfu zxD;wkd@udk azsmif;zsygw,f? usaemfwdk@xrif;pm;0dkif;rSm u&iftrsdK;om; (4)a,muf&Sdygw,f? usaemfhtdrfu axmif0ifpmvmEdkif=uwmrdk@ usaemfaxmifu vGwfoGm;&if olwdk@awGudk b,folawG=unfh&_=urvJvdk@ pdwfylrdygw,f? 'gayr,fh zxD;wdk@u usaemfhudk ajymygw,f? “ i&kwfoD;r_ef@eJ@ tcsdKr_ef@rsm;rsm;om xnfhay;Asm? usaemfwdk@twGuf bmrSrvdkygbl;”wJh? usaemfaxmifu vGwfwJhae@rSm pxl;aqmu rsuf&nfav;prf;prf;eJ@ usaemfhudkE_wfqufygw,f? tjyifa&muf&if olwdk@tr_udkpHkprf;ay;zdk@eJ@ vGwfrnfh&ufudk odcsifygw,fvdk@ wzGzGrSm&Smygw,f? 'ghtjyif olwdkufxJa&mufwkef;u usaemfcifAsm;wdk@udk &efawG@rdcJhwJhtwGuf tEl;t!Gwf awmif;yefygw,fwJh? usaemfu tJ'Dwkef;u arhawmifarhaeyg+yD? oluawmh rSm;oGm;w,fvdk@ rarhEdkifatmif awmif;yefaeygawmhw,f? usaemfu zxD;wdk@udk em;vnf+yD;om;rdk@ awmif;yefp&m rvdkygbl; zxD;&,fvdk@ jyefajymvdkufygw,f? olwdk@tm;vHk;udk usaemf E_wfqufvdkufygw,f? olwdk@awG[m usaemfh&J@ axmifwGif; rdbawGqdkvnf; rrSm;ygbl;vdk@ usaemfvufcHxm;ygw,f? olwdk@awG[m &dk;om;w,f? yGifhvif;w,f? usaemf olwdk@udkcspfw,f? olwdk@eJ@ aexdkif&wJh tcdsefav;[m aysmf&Gifzdk@ aumif;w,f? e0w[m ppfrSefwJh+idrf;csrf;r_udk rsufESmvGJaeoI usaemfwdk@ cspfwJh wdkif;&if;om;awGeJ@ jyefrqHkEkdifao;ygbl;? usaemf olwdk@udk tusOf;axmifawGqDu jrefjref vGwfajrmufapcsif+yD? olwdk@rdom;pkawGvnf; b,fa&mufvdk@ b,faygufae=u+yDvJ? olwdk@udk,fwdkifawmif vGwfr,fh&ufudk rodEdkif=uwJh e0w&J@ vufatmufrSm &moufyef tusOf;om;}uD;awG tjzpfeJ@ touf&Sifae=uwkef; . . . ?usaemfvGwfawmh axmifAl;0rSm olwdk@awG vGwfajrmufwJhae@=u&if olwdk@ arG;&yfXmeD jyefEdkifzdk@twGuf wpfa,mufudk aiG ( 300 )pDudk olwdk@emrnfawGeJ@ tyfxm; cJhygw,f? u&ifESpfopful;ae@awG/ c&pfprwfpfae@awGa&muf&if usaemfwpfa,muf olwdk@awGtwGuf qkawmif;aerdygw,f? tcef; ( 17 ) yËduwfukdzsufwJh ºuGufpkwf 1991 ckESpf? &efukeftif;pdef A[dkpHjytusOf;axmif}uD;?

usaemftif;pdefaxmifrSmaecJh&wkef;u e0wu oHCmawmfawGeJh yufouf+yD; bmoma&;ESdyfuGyfr_awG/ omoemawmf apmfum;r_awG jyKvkyfcJhwmudk tus,fw0ifh &Sif;jycsifwma=umifh tckvdkoD;oef@ azmfjy&jcif;jzpfygw,f? 1991 ckESpftwGuf urBmhEdkA,fvf+idrf;csrf;a&;qkudk jrefrmjynf 'Drdkua&pDa&;eJ@ vl@tcGifhta&;twGuf wdkufyJG0ifaewJh vlxkacgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unf &&Sdw,fqdkwJh owif; axmif0ifpmuaewpfqifhusaemfwdk@=um;vdkuf&ygw,f? 'Dowif;xl;/ owif;aumif;udk tusOf;om;aw tcsif;csif;=um;&awmh 0rf;omwJholawGu 0rf;om=u/ a'guefwJholawGu a'guef=u/ jy\emwufwJholawGu wuf=ueJ@ EdkA,fvf+idrf;csrf;a&;qkeJ@ yufouf+yD; tif;pdefaxmifwGif; t&omrsdK;pHk cHpm;&ygw,f? 'DqkkeJ@yufouf+yD; 0rf;om=uwJholawGu 1988ckESpfrSm jrefrmjynf ausmif;om;xkuae pwifay:aygufcJhwJh jrefrmjynf'Drdkua&pDa&;v_yf&Sm;r_udk urBmuae todtrSwfjyKwJhtwGuf tm;&0rf;om jzpfae=uwmjzpf+yD;/ 'Dowif;udktajccH+yD; aqG;aEG;=uwJhtcgrSm e0wua':pkudk qkay;yGJ oGm;cGifhjyKr,f/ rjyKzl;/ a':pku oGm;rSmr[kwfbl;/ oGm;&ifvJ jyefvmvdk@&rSm r[kwfbl;qdk+yD; aqG;aEG;=uygw,f? e0wppftpdk;&u EdkA,fvfqkay;wJhtzGJ@[m w&m;r#wr_r&Sdbl;/ uGefjrLepf/ qdk&S,fvpfqef@usifwJh olawGudkay;wm bufvdkufr_&Sdw,fvdk@ ajymqdk+yD; owif;pmawGuae aqmif;yg;awG/ umwGef;awGeJh wdkufcdkufaew,fvdk@/ a'goykefxaew,fvdk@vJ axmifeH&H av;zufav;wefxJu =um;&ygao;w,f? jy\emwufwJholawGuawmh wdkufxJrSmae&wJh jynfol@v$wfawmfukd,fpm;vS,f trwfawGyJjzpfygw,f? v$wfawmfudk,fpm;vS,ftrwfawG[m EdkA,fvfqk&&Sdvdk@ 0rf;omwhJ txdrf;trSwftaeeJ@ axmif0ifpmuae uGwfwDrkef@ay:rSm “N” trSwftom;ygwJh rkef@awGudkoGif;+yD; axmifxJrSm EdkA,fvf+idrf;csrf;a&;qk txdrf;trSwf a0iS=uygw,f? tJ'Dvdk “ N ”wHqdwfygwJh rkef@awGa0iSaewmudk axmiftm%mydkifawGu odoGm;=u+yD; axmif0ifpmyg “N” wHqdyfygrkef@awGudk odrf;qnf;zdk@ trdef@xkwfvdkuf+yD; a&csdK;/ rdv†mcscGifh ( 3 )&uf ydwfcHvdkuf&ygw,f? aemufqufwGJ wdkufydwf (3) &ufyg yl;wGJqk&oGm;wJh jy\emyJjzpfygw,f? tJ'Dvdk a':atmifqef;pk=unf EdkA,fvf+idrf;csrf;a&;qk &&SdwJhtwGuf axmifxJrSm tjzpftysufrsdK;pHk/ cHpm;csufrsdK;pHkjzpfaecsdef naeapmif;rSm txl;ppfcHk&Hk;uae tif;pdefaxmifudk axmifustusOf;om; ( 3 )a,muf ydk@vdkufygw,f? usaemfwdk@aewJh tif;pdefaxmif taqmif (3)udk axmifusEdkifiHa&;tusOf;om; (3)a,muf a&mufvmw,fqdkvdk@ axmifxJu EdkifiHa&;tusOf;orm;awG&J@ t=unfhawGtm;vHk;[m axmifrSL;&Hk;cef;a&S@rSm yHkpHxdkifae&wJh tusOf;om; (3) a,mufqD a&muf&SdoGm;ygw,f? axmifxJrSm EdkifiHa&;tr_eJ@ axmifusaewJh olawGrSm av;pm;*k%f,lzdk@ aumif;wJh tusifhp&dkufwpfck&Sdygw,f? tJ'guawmh 5 (n)tygt0if axmifxJudk EdkifiHa&;tr_eJ@ a&muf&SdvmwJh tusOf;om;opfawGudk t&ifa&muf&SdaewJh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awGu ulnDaz;r=ujcif;yJ jzpfygw,f? wpfOD;eJ@wpfOD;

t&ifuwnf;u odu|rf;onfjzpfap/ rodu|rf;onfjzpfap/ tr_wlonfjzpfap/ rwlonfjzpfap todpdwfudk,fpDeJ@ ulnD&dkif;yif;wufwmyJjzpfygw,f? axmifrSL;&Hk;cef;a&S@rSm yHkpHxdkifaewJh olawGudk aoaocsmcsm=unfhrdrS oHCmawmfawG jzpfaewmudk pdwfxdcdkufzG,f awG@vdkuf&ygw,f? e0wu q&mawmfawGudk “ouFef;0wfawG oHCmtwkta,mifawG”vdk@,kwfrmaumufuspfpGm pGyfpGJxm;wm jzpf+yD; q&mawmf}uD;awGudk vl0wfvJxm;wmudk &ifeifhzG,f awG@&ygw,f? q&mawmfawG[m oufawmftm;jzifh (60)0ef;usifcef@&Sd=u+yD; =unfndKzG,faumif;wJh Oy"d&kyfydkif&SifawG jzpfygw,f? usaemfbk&m;wvdkufrdygw,f? axmifrSL;u vdktyfwJh axmifuspm&if;awG oGif;+yD; axmifwGif;aexdkifr_ pnf;urf;awG !$ef=um;ygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm pnf;urf;xdef;vdk@ac:wJh axmifustusOf;om; t&m&Sd oef;atmifu axmifrSL;vmwJhtcg/ axmifydkifvmwJhtcg xdkif&r,fh yHkpHenf;awGudk oif=um;ygawmhw,f? +yD;awmhrSaxmifxJudk vlopfa&muf&if armif;wJhyHkpHtwdkif; q&mawmfawGudk }udrf;armif;ygw,f? “ cifAsm;wdk@ axmiftjyifrSm bmaumif}uD;yJ jzpfjzpf/ cifAsm;wdk@&J@ *k%fj'yfawG tm;vHk;udk axmifAl;0rSm csdwfxm;cJh? axmifxJrSm bkef;}uD;/ oHCmqdkwmr&Sdbl;? emrnfac:&if vlemrnfyJac:/ ajym? xrif;wpfeyfpm;wmawG/ (2)eyfpm;wmawG rvdkcsifbl;? &_yf&_yf,Suf,Sufvkyfwm r}udKufbl;? cifAsm;wdk@ uwHk;rwHk;&bl;? 'Dpnf;urf;awG rvdkufem&ifawmh cifAsm;wdk@ausmay: 'kwfa&muf+yDomrSwf/ oef;atmif bmvn;fqdkwm odcsif&if prf;=unfhprf; ” oHHCmawmfawGudk ,kwf,kwfrmrmpum;vHk;awGeJ@ [def;a[muf+yD; e0wuay;wJh tm%mudk toHk;csygw,f? yHkpHxdkifwmawG +yD;wJhtcgrSm q&mawmfwdk@udk usaemfwdk@ taqmifu tdyfcef;(2)rSm ae&mcsygw,f? q&mawmfawG[m axmifxJrSm e0w&J@ ,kwfrmr_a=umifh vl0wfvJcHxm;&ayr,fh &[ef;wdk@apmifhxdef;tyfwJh 0denf;/ od%QmawmfawGudk qufvufapmifhqnf; xdrf;odrf;=uygw,f? usaemfwdk@u q&mawmf}uD;awGudk e0wu axmifcsta&;,lcJhwmeJ@ yufouf+yD; ar;jref;=unfhwJhtcgrSm tjzpfrSefudk odvdkuf&ygw,f? q&mawmf (3)yg;teuf (2)yg;u &efukefwdkif; omauw+rdK@e,f r[maAm"d y&d,wWdpmoifwdkufu pmcsq&mawmfawG jzpf=u+yD; usefq&mawmfwyg;u &efukefwdkif; tif;pdef+rdK@e,f &Gmry&d,wWdpmoifwdkufu wdkuftkyfq&mawmf OD;wdavmubd0Ho q&mawmfbk&m;yJ jzpfygw,f? q&mawmfwdk@&J@ tr_jzpfyGm;cJhyHkta=umif;udk ajymjy&&if rEWav;+rdK@uae pwif+yD; ajym&ygvdrf@r,f? 1990jynfh =o*kwfv(8) &ufae@rSm (8888)txdrf;trSwfae@ tjzpf qGrf;avmif;yGJudk rEWac;c&dkifausmif;om; or*~(tajccHynm)uaeOD;aqmif+yD; (84)vrf;ray:&Sd vlxkOD;vS/ vlxka':trmwdk@ tdrfa&S@rSm jyKvkyfcJh=uygw,f?oHCmawmfawGudk at;csrf;pdwf+idrfpGm qGrf;avmif;aecsdefrSm rEWav;+rdK@u wm0efus ppfom;awGu qGrf;avmif;yGJrSm v$ifhxlxm;wJh teufa&mifcGyfa'gif;tvHudk(teufa&mifwyfqif&jcif; t"dy`g,fu usqHk;oGm;wJh &JabmfawG

twGuf 0rf;enf;wJhtxdrf;trSwfjzpfygw,f) twif;t"rR ZGwfjzKwfcs }udK;pm;pm;=uygw,f? tJ'DrSm tajccHynmausmif;om; udkrdk;ausmfu wm;qD;wma=umifh udkrdk;ausmfudk zrf;qD;vdkuf ygw,f? tJ'DDvdk rjyKvkyfzdk@twGuf qGrf;cHxGufvmwJh oHCmawmfawGu awmif;qdkvdkufwJh tcgrSm ppfom;awGu oHCmawmfawGudk aqmifhwGef;vdkufygw,f? puUef@ydkif; twGif;rSmyJ owday;r_ wpfpHkwpf&mr&SdyJ ypfcwfvdkufygw,f? wpfc%twGif;rSmyJ (84)vrf;r}uD; wpfckvHk; wdwfqdwf+idrfouf oGm;ygw,f? vrf;rxufay:rSm ,rf;aiG@awGa=umifh oydwfawG vGifhus/ qGrf;awGjyef@}uJ/ vJ+ydKaewJh &[ef;awG '%ff&m&oGm;wJh tcsdK@ &[ef;oHCmawGudk tdrfawGtcsdK@u ulnDjyKpk=uygw,f? ausmif;om;awGu q&mawmftcsdK@udk aq;&Hkudkac:aqmif oGm;ygw,f? ppfwyfuvnf; xdcdkuf'%f&m &&SdoGm;wJh oHCmtcsdK@udk ppfum;ay: wifaqmifoGm;ygw,f? r=umrSD rdepfydkif;twGif;rSmyJ aoG;pGef;oGm;wJh(84)vrf; r}uD;ay:udk rD;owfum;awGeJ@ aq;a=umygawmhw,f? tJ'DjzpfyGm;wJh nyJ rEWav;wdkif;rSL;jzpfwJh AdkvfcsKyfxGef;=unfu ajym=um;wJh tcgrSm &[ef;oHCmawmfwpfyg;rS xdcdkuf'%f&m jzpfr_r&Sdbl;vdk@ ajymqdk oGm;ygw,f? wduscdkifvHkwJh tcsuftvufawG &&SdEdkifzdk@twGuf ArmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&m ausmif;om; or*~(Auo) eJ@ ArmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&m vli,for*~(Auv)wdk@ yl;aygif;+yD; pHkprf;r_tzGJ@udk rEWav;+rdK@rSm zGJ@vdkufygw,f? +yD;awmh rEWav;bk&m;}uD;ausmif;wdkufrSm pHkprf;ppfaq;r_awG jyKvkyfygawmhw,f? tJJ'DrSm od&Sd&wmuawmh xD;vif;ausmif;wdkufu udk&ifwpfyg; '%f&mjyif;jyif;xefxef &&SdoGm;wma=umifh rEWav;aq;&Hk}uD;udk ydk@vdkuf&ygw,f? oHCmawmfawGu apmifha&SmufaepOf tajctae qdk;&Gm;vmwma=umifh ppfwyfu ppfaq;&HkrSm ukozdk@ vdkw,fvdk@ajym+yD; ac:aqmifoGm;cJhonfrSm ,ae@wdkif udk&ifav;owif;rSm aysmufuG,faeygw,f? usaemhfudk rEWav;+rdK@ av;jyifav;&yf oHCmhor*~DtzGJ@csKyfu q&mawmf OD;a&0wu ajymjy&mwGif tJ'Dta&;tcif; jzpfyGm;&mwGif &[ef;rsm;ysHvGefawmfrlwmawG trsm;tjym; &Sda=umif;/ '%f&m&wJh &[ef;oHCmawmfawGvnf; trsm;}uD;&Sda=umif;/ ppfwyfu vludkaoapEdkifwJh txd &nf&G,fypfcwfwm jzpfa=umif;/ om"utaeeJ@ usnfqHxdrSefxm;wJh oydwf/ ouFef;eJ@ aoG;pGef;aewJh ouFef;awG &Sda=umif;/ oydwfudk &[ef;rsm;u &ifrSmydkuf+yD; qGrf;cHxGufwmrdk@ oydwfudk usnfqHxdrSefwmudk =unfhjcif;tm;jzifh vludk csdef&G,fypfcwfwm[m Ak'<bmomudk apmfum;wmjzpfa=umif; q&mawmfu &Sif;jycJhzl;ygw,f? tJJ'DFtr_tcif;eJ@ ywfouf+yD; wduscdkifrmwJh tcsuftvufawG pkaqmif;rdcsdefrSmawmh y&dwWdomoemxGef;um;wJh jrefrmEdkifiH&Jh Ak'<bmompmay/ ,Ofaus;r_/ tjynfh&SdwJh rEWav;+rdK@rSm oHCmawmfawGtm;vHk;pk &Hk;+yD; oHCmawmfawG/ &[ef;awGudk owfjzwfwJh/ trsdK;/ bmom/ omoemudk apmfum;zsufqD;wJh ppfwyfeJ@ taygif;tygawGudk bmoma&;t& '%fcwfwJh taeeJ@ ppfwyfeJ@ywfoufwJh taygif;tyg/ aqGrsdK;awG/ todkif;t0dkif;awGu uyfv_wJhudpPtr_ tpkpkudk vufrcHjcif;/ oma&;/ ema&;yifhzdwfwmawGudk vufrcHawmhjcif;jzifh e0wudk oydwfarSmufzdk@ pwifygawmhw,f?

e0weJ@ bmoma&;t& yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufjcif; rjyKvkyfawmhyJ bmoma&;t& '%fcwf oydwfarSmufwJh “ywWedukZ…e uHaqmifjcif;”tr_udk jyKvkyfygawmhw,f? rEWav;+rdK@ av;jyif;av;&yf oHCmhor*~DtzGJ@csKyfu OD;aqmifqifEGJwJh oydwfarSmufuHaqmifjcif;[m &efukef+rdK@eJ@ tjcm;+rdK@}uD;awGudk wrk[kwfcsif; ul;pufysH@ESH@ oGm;ygawmhw,f? rEWav;+rdK@uae ul;pufysH@ESH@oGm;wJh uHaqmifoydwfyGJawGeJ@ yufouf+yD; &efukef+rdK@u &[ef;&Sifvl/ jynfolvlxkt=um; emrnf}uD;wJh q&mawmf(2)yg;udk e0wu zrf;qD;ESdyfpuf ygw,f? &efukefwdkif;twGif; uHaqmifoydwf OD;aqmifqifE$Jw,fvdk@ e0wu pGyfpGJvdkufwJh q&mawmf(2)yg;uawmh &efukef+rdK@ urBmat;bk&m;vrf;rSm wnf&SdwJh r[m*ENm&Hk ausmif;wdkufu wdydËu"&bGJ@& wdkuftkyfpmcsq&mawmf OD;okr*FvvuFm&eJ@ aemufq&mawmfwpfyg;uawmh tif;pdef&Gmry&d,wWdpmoifwdkufu wdkuftkyfpmcs q&mawmf OD;wdavmubd0Ho wdk@jzpfygw,f? q&mawmf OD;okr*FvmvuFm&eJ@ ywfouf+yD; OD;pGmyxr wifjyvdkygw,f? jrefrmEdkifiHrSm ydËduwfoHk;yHk a&;ajz/ E_wfajz tm*HkaqmifEdkifwJh Ak'<bmom oHCmawmf(5)yg; ay:xGef;cJhwJhteuf q&mawmf OD;okr*FvmvuFm&[m wpfyg; tygt0if jzpfygw,f? q&mawmf[m ydËduwf(3)yHk tm*Hkaqmifajzqdkjcif;udk jrefrmouU&mZf 1335ckESpfrSm atmifjrifcJhwJh toufti,fqHk; oHCmwpfyg;jzpfygw,f? q&mawmf[m pmwwf/ aywwf ynmwwfwpfyg;jzpf+yD; Ak'<pmay oif=um;ydk@csr_/ pmoifausmif;wdkufwGif tkyfcsKyfr_aumif;rGefjcif;wdk@a=umifh jrefrmEdkifiHrSm ESpfpOfusif;ywJh t}uD;wef;/ ti,fwef;/ tvwfwef; oHCmhpmar;yGJawGrSm q&mawmfausmif;wkdufu oHCmtrsm; xl;c|efpGm atmifjrif=u+yD; yxrausmfudk wpfwef;r[kwf wpfwef;wGif &&Sdwwfygao;w,f? q&mawmf&Jh *k%fowif;a=umifh jrefrmjynftESH@ rodol&Sm;vS+yD; jynfoltrsm;&Jh =unf!dkr_udkvnf; &aewJh q&mawmfjzpfygw,f? Ak'<&Jh y&d,wWpmayynm&yf awGudk omoemawmf}uD; jyef@yGm;pnfa0atmif tm;xkwf}udK;yrf;aewJh q&mawmf}uD;tm; bmoma&;t& uHaqmifoydwfarSmufr_wGif yg0ifonfqdkum q&mawmfudk e0wrS zrf;qD;vdkufygw,f? q&mawmf&Jh qENrygyJ q&mawmfudk twif;t"rR vl0wfvJum ouFef;udk qGJc|wfygw,f? vufrudk vufxdyfcwf+yD; jrefrmjynf&Jh ajrmufydkif;pGef;u a0;vDacgifoD+yD; vlolta&muftayguf enf;wJh ucsifjynfe,f rcsrf;abmodk@ av,mOfysHeJ@ wifaqmifum q&mawmfudk axmifcsvdkufygw,f? q&mawmfzrf;qD; cH&wJhowif;udk =um;od=uwJh y&dowfwdk@u vma&mufzl;ar#mf=u+yD; q&mawmfudk zrf;qD;xm;wJhudpPtay: rauseyfr_awG aygufuGJxGufvm=urSmudk e0wu t}uD;tus,f pdk;&drfoGm;wma=umifh q&mawmfudk w&m;&Hk;rxkwfyJ rsufuG,f&ref ,lapcJh ygw,f? q&mawmfudk &Hk;xkwfw&m; &ifqdkif&r,fqdk+yD; =um;&wJhae@awGrSm &efukef+rdk@u bm;vrf;(pwD;0yf) tcsKyfcef;udk vlawGtrsm;tjym; vma&mufapmifh=unhf=u+yD; tJ'DxJrSm e0w/ rqv t&m&SdawG&Jh aqGrsdK;todkif;t0dkif;u vlawGuvnf; yg0if=uw,fvdk@ od&ygw,f? q&mawmfudk e0w&Jh txl;ppfcHk&Hk;rSm uHaqmifoydwfarSmufwmeJ@ yufouf+yD; twif;tusyf +cdrf;ajcmuf 0efcHapygw,f? q&mawmfudk !Sif;yrf;ESdyfpuf+yD; vl0wfvJapygw,f?

'DvdkeJ@ q&mawmfay: csrSwfxm;wJh e,fESif'%fudk e0wu b,fvdktodw&m; &&SdoGm;vJ rajymwufyg? (1)ESpfcef@ t=umrSm q&mawmfudk jyefv$wfay;vdkufygw,f? tJ'Daemufydkif; e0weJ@ q&mawmft=um; bmqufqHa&;rS r&Sdawmhyg? 'gayr,fh a':atmifqef;pk=unf tus,fcsKyfu jyefvnfvGwfajrmufvmwJhtcgrSm q&mawmfudk a':pku oGm;a&muf zl;ar#mf cJhygw,f? odyfr=umcifrSmyJ q&mawmfqDudk e0wt&m&SdawG a&mufvm+yD; q&mawmf&Jh ausmif;wkdufudk wyfrawmf =unf;/ a&/ avrdom;pku ae+yD; qef/ qD/ qm; qyfuyfv_'gef;csif ygw,fvdk@ vma&muf av#mufygawmhw,f? q&mawmfu bkef;}uD;ausmif;rSm jynfhpHkygw,f? tjcm;vdktyfaewJh ausmif;wdkufawGudkom oGm;a&mufv_'gef;=uygvdk@ &dk;&dk;om;om; t}uHjyK vdkufygw,f? e0w&Jh v_'gef;r_udk vufoifhrcHwma=umifh q&mawmf[m acgif;rma=umif;/ tckcsdefxd uHaqmifoydwfarSmufaewkef;yJ jzpfa=umif; ajymqdk+yD; &kwf&if;=urf;wrf;wJh pum;vHk;awGeJ@ r[kwfrrSef ykwfcwfajymqdkyg awmhw,f? q&mawmfudk &[ef;t=um;/ jynfolt=um; r[kwfrrSefowif;v$ifh+yD; t=unfndKysufatmif oHCmxk=um; aoG;cGJoyfv#dKygw,f? +yD;awmhq&mawmfudk ausmif;wdkufu z,f&Sm;zdk@twGuf omoema&;OD;pD;Xmeuae tm%mpufoHk;+yD; +cdrf;ajcmufjyefygw,f? r=umcifrSm q&mawmfausmif;wdkufudk e0w&J@ twGif;a&;rSL; (1)jzpfwJh ppfaxmufvSrf;a&; t}uD;tuJ 'k-AdkvfcsKyf}uD;cif!$ef@udk,fwdkif t&Sufr&Sd rsufESmajymifwdkuf+yD; a&mufvmygw,f? q&mawmfudk OD;(3)}udrfcs uefawmh+yD; (3)xyfausmif;aqmifopf aqmufvkyfv_'gef;wmawG/ q&mawmfausmif;wdkuftwGuf bufpHkrGrf;rHa&; aumfrwDzGJ@+yD; tvlaiG aumufcH=uygw,f? 'Dta=umif;awGudk e0wydkifowif;pm/ &kyfjrifoH=um;uae v$ifhxkwf+yD; bmoma&; udkif;&d_if;oa,mif Aef;jya=umfjim=uygw,f? 'ghtjyif omoema&;0ef}uD; jzpfaewJh 'k-AdkvfcsKyf}uD;rsdK;!$ef@u ydËduwf ( 3 )yHk tm*HkaqmifEdkifwJh oHCmqdkwm tifrwefrS&Sm;yg;vS+yD; ay:ayguf&ef cJ,Of;wJhtwGufa=umifh bk&m;i,fwpfqlygyJvdk@ q&mawmfukd wifpm;ajymqdk oGm;w,fvdk@ =um;&ygw,f? 'Dvdkqdk e0w[m bk&m;i,fudk axmifcs+yD; zrf;qD;ESdyfpuf twif;t"rR vl0wfvJapw,fvdk@ajym&if e0wjiif;OD;rSmvm;vdk@ usaemf ar;cGef; xkwfcsifygw,f? e0w[m omoemawmfudk &nf&G,fcsuf&Sd&SdeJ@ zsufqD;aewm xif&Sm;aeygw,f? jrwfpGmbk&m;ukd,fawmf ouf&Sdxif&Sm; &Sdae&ifawmif e0wqdkwJh zufqpfbDvl;awG[m ol@tusdK; xdcdkufvmr,fqdk&if bk&m;udkawmif axmifoGif;tusOf;csOD;rSm aocsmaeygw,f? e0w[m olwdk@tm%mwnf+rJa&;twGufqdk&if bmom/ omoemudk xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;rSm r[kwfbl;qdkwm q&mawmfOD;okr*FvmvuFm&tay: usL;vGefcJhwmawG =unfh&if jywfjywf om;om; jrifEdkifygw,f? aemufq&mawmfwyg;jzpfwJh q&mawmf OD;wdavmubd0HoeJ@ yufouf+yD; wifjyygOD;r,f? q&mawmf[m tif;pdef&Gmry&d,wWdpmoifwdkufausmif;rSm oDwif;oHk;+yD;&[ef;rsm;/ oDv&Sifrsm;udk pmoif=um;ydk@csaewJh q&mawmfwpfyg;jzpfygw,f? q&mawmf[m tbd"rRm

ynm&yfrsm;rSm txl;wwfu|rf;em;vnf+yD; pmoif=um;wJhtcgrSmvnf; &Sif;vif;atmif oif=um;EdkifwJh t&nftaoG;&SdwJh pmcswdkuftkyf q&mawmf}uD;jzpfygw,f? q&mawmf&J@oif=um;r_aumif;rGefwma=umifh te,fe,ft&yf&yfu oHCmawmfawG t+rJvdk ºuGcsDvmwwfwma=umifh q&mawmf&J@ ausmif;wdkufrSm ESpfpOfoHCmtyg; ( 500 )eD;yg; &Sdwwfygw,f? q&mawmfukd,fwdkif a&;om;xkwfa0wJh Ak'<tbd"rRmusrf;pmtkyfawG[m &[ef;oHCmtrsm; r&Sdrjzpf udkifaqmifwufwJh pmtkyfawGtjzpf ausmf=um;vSygw,f? tJ'DpmtkyfawGudkvnf; Ak'<pmayawG jzef@csDa&mif;cswJhqdkifawGrSm awG@&wwfygw,f? q&mawmf}uD;r_;wJh tif;pdefy&d,wWdpmoifwdkufu &[ef;awGvnf; oHCmhpmar;yGJ rsm;rSm yxrausmftqifhtxd &&Sdwwfygw,f? bmoma&;t& uHaqmifoydwfarSmufr_udk &efukefwdkif;&Sd oHCmtrsm;tjym;=um; v_Haqmf0g'jzef@w,fvdk@ e0wu pGyfpGJvdkuf+yD; “ydËduwfudk zsufwJh ºuGufpkwf” qdkwJhuAsmudk q&mawmfu a&;om;wm jzpfw,fvdk@ xyfrH pGyfpGJygw,f? rEWav;+rdK@rSm bmoma&; uHaqmifoydwfarSmufr_ t&SdefjrifhwufaecsdefrSm uHaqmifoydwfarSmufaewJh q&mawmfhausmif;wdkufukd oydwfvSefzdk@ &nf&G,fcsufeJ@ tif;pdef+rdK@e,f r0wOuUXeJ@ omoema&;OD;pD;Xmeu !$ef=um;a&;rSL; OD;tHharmifwdk@ a&muf&Sd vmygw,f? +yD;awmh ausmif;wkdkuf&J@ 0ifaygufrSefor#udk ppfwyfeJ@ ydwfqdk@vdkuf+yD; &[ef;oHCmtm;vHk; wpfyg;rS qGrf;cHrxGuf=u&efeJ@ t0iftxGuf vHk;0rvkyf=uzdk@ wm;jrpf vdkufygw,f? tJ'Dvdkvkyf+yD;awmh tif;pdefr0weJh omoema&;OD;pD;Xmeuae qGrf;uyfygw,f? q&mawmfu bmrS wkef@jyefajymqdkjcif;r&SdyJ aevdkuf+yD; qGrf;pm;csdefa&mufwJhtcgrSm wkef;armif;acgufvdkufygw,f? pmoifom; oHCmawG[m qGrf;pm;aqmiftwGif; wef;pDºuGvm=uygw,f? q&mawmfu oHCmtrsm;udk 'Duae@ qGrf;tvSL&Sifuawmh tif;pdef+rdK@e,f r0w OuUXeJ@ omoema&;OD;pD;Xmewdk@u qyfuyfvSL'gef;wm jzpfa=umif;/ &[ef;wdk@taeeJ@ qGrf;tvSL&Sif rsm;udk arwWmydk@ pm;oHk;Edkifa=umif; ¹rGuf=um;ygw,f? tJ'DtcgrSm qGrf;pm;aqmiftwGif; a&muf&Sdvm=uwJh oHCmtyg; ( 500 )cef@[m qGrf;bkOf;ray;awmhyJ ae&muae wpfyg;rusef jyefvnfxGufcGm oGm;=uygawmhw,f? tif;pdef r0wOuUXu t}uD;tus,f t&Suf&+yD; oHCmtay: trsufxGuf oGm;ygw,f? q&mawmfu tif;pdef r0w OuUXeJ@ OD;tHharmifwdk@udk bkef;}uD;taeeJ@ oHCmawGtay: v_Haqmfpnf;&Hk;r_r&Sda=umif;/oHHCmawmftrsm;&J@ qENudk jrwfpGmbk&m;awmifrS rvGefqefEdkifa=umif; &Sif;jyajymqdkygw,f? 'gayr,fh t&Sufw&m;eJ@a'go/ arm[rD;awG awmufavmifaeolawGu 'Dbmoma&;oydwfudkrvSef&if jzpfvmr,fh aemufqufwGJ tusdK;qufawGudk vHk;0wm0efr,la=umif; ajymqdk+yD; xGufoGm;ygw,f? ausmif;wdkuf wHcg;awGudkvnf; ( 12 )em&DausmfrS jyefvnfzGifhay;ygw,f? oHHCmawmfawG qGrf;iwfcJhygw,f? r=umrSDygyJ q&mawmfudk vma&mufzrf;qD; ac: aqmifoGm;ygw,f? e0w ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;awGeJ@&JawG yl;aygif;+yD; q&mawmfudk ESdyfpuff!Sif;yrf;r_awG jyKvkyfygawmhw,f? pm;yGJwpfvHk;ay:rSm wkwfwpfacsmif;eJ@ ykqdk;wpfxnfwifxm;+yD;

“}udKufwma&G;prf;? tom;remcsif&if ykqdk;0wfvdkuf? cifAsm;[m tcktcsdefup+yD; vljzpfoGm;+yD? cifAsm;wdk@uouFef;0wfawG/ oHHCmtwkta,mifawG”qdk+yD; q&mawmfudkpGyfpGJ+yD; “cifAsm;ppfcHk&Hk;rSm 0efcH&ifESpfenf;r,f? 0efrcH&ifESpfvnf;rsm;r,f/ t&dkufvnf; cH&r,f? touf}uD;rS t&dkufrcHcsifprf;ygeJ@? touf}uD;rS rdkuf=uwmudk; “ }uD;rdkuf ”awG&J@ ” &kyf&if;=urf;wrf;wJh pum;vHk;awGeJ@ q&mawmfudk apmfum;ygw,f? q&mawmfrSm ppfcHk&Hk;rSm wpfvHk;wpfyg'rS jyefvnfacsy ajymqdkcGifhr&yJ &efukefwdkif;twGif; uHaqmif oydwfarSmufr_ jzpfatmif v_Haqmifr_tjzpf tvkyf=urf;eJ@ axmif'%f ( 15 )ESpf &ifh&ifhoD;oD; trdef@csvdkufygawmhw,f? e0wppfbDvl;awGu oHHCmawmfawGudk zrf;qD;/ twif;t"rR vl0wfvJap+yD; oduQmcsayr,fhvnf; &[ef;wdk@taeeJ@ pdwftwGif;rS oduQmcsjcif;/ vltjzpf todtrSwfrjyKygu &[ef;t&majrmufqJyJjzpf+yD; q&mawmf}uD;awGtm;vHk; axmiftwGif;rSm vnf; &[ef;wdk@&J@ oduQmyk'f/ 0denf;awG apmifhxdef;=uygw,f? q&mawmfudkzrf;qD;axmifcst+yD;rSm 1990 ESpfrSm q&mawmfausmif;wdkufu oHHCmwpfyg;u oHHCmhpmar;yGJrSm yxrausmf&&SdcJhayr,fh uHaqmifoydwfarSmufr_xJyg0ifwJh ausmif;wdkufjzpfwma=umifh qkudkray;yJ xm;cJhjyefygw,f? q&mawmf[mtzrf;rcH&cif tcsdeftxd urBmat;omoemh wuUodkvfrSm tbd"rRm ygarmuQcsKyfeJ@ EdkifiHawmfoHHCmh0efaqmiftzGJ@rSm yg0ifcJhygw,f? q&mawmfudk tif;pdefaxmiftwGif; (1)ESpfeD;eD;zrf;qD;+yD;t=umrSm q&mawmfudk cH0efcsufawmif rxdk;cdkif;awmhyJ csufcsif; jyefv$wfay;vkdufygw,f? q&mawmf[m axmifu jyefvnfvGwfajrmuf vm+yD; ,cifvkyfaqmifae=u omoemhwm0efawGudk qufvuf xrf;aqmifygw,f? axmifuvGwfajrmufvm+yD; (1)ESpfeD;eD;tcsdeftxd e0w&J@ taxmuftyHhukd vHk;0r,lyJ ausmif;wdkuf&Sd oHHCmtyg; (500) ausmf. aexdkifa&;/ pmoif=um;a&;wdk@udk OD;aqmifvkyfudkifcJhw,f? 1995 ckESpfrSm a':atmifqef;pk=unf jyefvnfvGwfajrmufvmwJh tcsdefrSm q&mawmfta=umif;udk =um;odwmeJ@ a':pkeJ@twl tif;pdef+rdK@e,f trsdK;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf wm0efcH Adkvf}uD;0if;xdef (t+idrf;pm;)/ ocifOD;tkef;jrifhwdk@ vdkufyg+yD; q&mawmfudk oGm;a&muf zl;ar#mf=uygw,f? a':atmifqef;pk=unfwdk@ q&mawmfukd zl;ar#mf+yD; jyefvnfxGufcGmoGm;+yD; aemufwpfae@rSmyJ omoema&;0ef}uD;Xmeu 'k-0ef}uD;u q&mawmfausmif;ukd a&mufvmygw,f? tif;pdef&Gmr y&d,wWdpmoifwdkufudk wyfrawmf =unf;/ a&/ av/ qef/ qD/ qm; ay;tyfvSL'gef;rnfhyGJudk tusOf;OD;pD;Xmetm; trdef@eJ@z,f&Sm;+yD; jynfaxmifpk}uH@cdkifa&;ESifh zGH@+zdK;a&;toif;vdk@ac:wJh }uH@zGwftoif;XmecsKyfuae t"rR0ifa&muf vSL'gef;wmawG jyKvkyfygw,f? aemufawmh e0w twGif;a&;rSL; ( 2 )a&muf&Sdvm+yD; q&mawmfudk uefawmhygw,f? e0w OuUX AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD; oef;a&$eJ@ a': }udKif}udKifwdk@u ( 3 )xyfwdkufausmif;aqmifopf}uD; aqmufvkyfvSL'gef;zdk@twGuf a&pufcsyGJawGvkyf+yD; olwdk@rSm;avor#twGuf a'0'wfwdk@ awmif;yef=uavovm;qdkwm um,uH&SifawG udk,fwdkifyJ odygvdrfhr,f? EdkifiHtm%mudk

odrf;,l+yD;uwnf;u Ak'<bmom0if &[ef;oHHCmawGudk um,uH/ 0pDuH/ raemuH eJ@ vufa&mufapmfum;r_awGtwGuf ysm;&nfeJ@ 0rf;csyGJawGvkyf+yD; omoemh 'umawmfawGtjzpf zefwD;ae=u ygawmhw,f? 1998 ckESpf vGwfvyfa&;ae@rSm e0wu olwdk@udk,fwdkif vGefcJhwJh ESpfydkif;av;twGif;urS ouFef;c|wf/ vl0wfvJap+yD; ouFef;0wfawG/ &[ef;wk/ &[ef;a,mifawGvdk@ r=um;0Hh remom ykwfcwfapmfum;cJh+yD; tvkyf=urf;eJ@ axmif'%f (15)csrSwfcJhwJh q&mawmf OD;wdavmubd0Houdk omoema&;rSm 'kwd,tqifh&Sd “ t*~r[my¾dw ”bGJ@udk qyfuyfvdkufjyefygw,f? e0w&J@ bmoma&;rsufvSnfhjyyGJudk usaemftaeeJ@ b,fvdkrS em;rvnfwwfatmif jzpfrdygw,f? e0w ppfAdkvfcsKyf}uD;apmarmif ( uG,fvGef )ajymcJhzl;wJh pum;wpfcGef;&Sdygw,f? “ Ak'< bmom0ifawG ,Hk=unfxm;wJhtwdkif; uH/ uH.tusdK;udk wynfhawmf,Hk=unfygw,f ” wJh? omoemudk zsufqD;/ bk&m;omoem&[ef;rsm;udk !Sif;yrf;ESdyfpuf owfjzwf/ ouFef;0wfawGvdk@ &ifh&ifhoD;oD;ykwfcwfcJhwJh e0wwdk@ olwdk@vkyfcJhwJhtvkyf ( uH )eJ@yufouf+yD; wpfcsdefcsdefrSm olwdk@cHpm;=u&rSm aocsmygw,f? 1989/ 1990 ESpf0ef;usifwkef;uvnf; t*FvefEdkifiHrSm aexdkifwJh q&mawmf a'gufwmOD;a&0wu e0wtpdk;&[m rif;usifhw&m;(10)yg; eJ@rudkufnDwJh tpdk;&jzpfa=umif; trsdK;/ bmom/ omoeudk ao;odrfn_d;i,fatmif jyKvkyfaeygw,f vdk@bDbDpD/ AGDtdkat owif;XmeawGeJ@ awG@qHkajym=um; cJhygw,f? tJ'gudke0wu olwdk@ydkif owif;pmawGuae q&mawmftm;apmfum;onfh toHk;tE_ef;awGeJ@ ykwfcwf apmfum;ygawmhw,f? q&mawmf[m t*FvefEdkifiHrSm qGrf;udpP tcuftcJjzpfvdk@ bDbDpD/ AGDtdkatwdk@eJ@ awG@qHk+yD; qGrf;/ uGrf; zefwD;aewmjzpfw,f/ q&mawmf&Jh a'gufwmbGJ@ qdkwmuvnf; aq;ukvdk@ &r,frxifygeJ@ vdk@tremy pGyfpGJajymqdkygw,f? 'DudpPawGudk e0w taeeJ@vdrfvnf zHk;uG,fxm;vdk@ r&ygbl;? tJ'DESpfydkif;u owif;pmawGxJrSm a&;om;xm;wmawG[m e0wudk,fwdkif usL;vGefxm;wJh omoema&; apmfum;r_awGjzpf+yD; ordkif;pmrsufESmpmrSm t&kyfqdk;pGm wifusefcJhr,fh t&mawGjzpfygw,f? aemufr=umcif 1994-1995ckESpfxJrSm q&mawmf a'gufwmOD;a&0wudk olwdk@awG apmfum;csifwdkif; apmfum;vdk@tm;&awmhrS e0wAdkvfr_;}uD; oef;a&$udk,fwdkif t*FvefEdkifiHrSm wnfxm;r,fh apwDawmftwGuf vdktyfwmrSwfor# ulnDaqmif&Gufay;yghr,fvdk@ ajym=um;vdkufygw,f? bmoma&; oydwf qifEGJr_a=umifh jrefrmjynf tESH@tjym; xif&Sm;ausmf=um; wJh Ak'< bmom bkef;awmf}uD;awGudk t"rRzrf;qD;aewJhtxJrSm &efukefuif;+rdK@e,frSm &SdwJh ara';eD ausmif;wdkufu wdkuftkyfq&mawmf}uD; wpfyg;vnf; yg0ifygw,f? tJ'Dq&mawmf}uD;udk 1991ckESpfrSm &efukeftif;pdefaxmifrSm vl0wfvJ+yD; axmifcscJhygw,f? q&mawmf}uD;vnf; taqmif(5)rSm aexdkif+yD; axmif'%fESpf&Snfudk &ifqdkifcJh&ygw,f? q&mawmf}uD; axmifrSrvGwfajrmufcifrSm q&mawmfoDwif;oHk;wJh ausmif;wdkufu 'kwd,ausmif;xdkifudk e0wu aoG;cGJpum;awGajym+yD; wdkuftkyfae&mudk odrf;,lzdk@

aoG;xdk;ay;ygw,f? q&mawmfaxmifu vGwfajrmufvmwJhtcgrSm ausmif;wdkufrSm wdkuftkyfq&mawmftopf a&G;cs,fwifa¹rSmufxm;+yD; jzpfwma=umifh 'Dausmif;wdkufeJ@ roufqdkifawmha=umif; ajymum q&mawmfudk ausmif;wdkufrSm aexdkifoDwif;oHk;cGifh r&atmif e0wt&m&SdawGu }udK;pm;=uygw,f? 'k-wdkuftkyfq&mawmfudkvnf; jywfom;pGm vkyfudkifaqmif&Gufzdk@eJ@ vdktyfygu omoema&;OD;pD;Xmeu tm%mpuf toHk;jyKay;r,fqdk+yD; oHCmxkt=um; aoG;cGJaqmif&Guf cJhygw,f? e0w[m Ak'<bmom wpfckwnf;udkyJ csdK;azmufapmfum;wmwif r[kwfao;ygbl;? tjcm;bmomawGudkvnf; zdESdyfacsr_ef; aeygao;w,f? usaemftif;pdefaxmifrSm &SdaepOf 1991 ckESpfwGif;rSm jrpf0u|ef;ay:rSm wdkufyGJawGtrsm;tjym; jzpfcJh+yD; u&ifvlrsdK;trsm;tjym;udk EdkifiHawmfykefuefr_qdk+yD; axmif'%f(25)ESpf toD;oD;csrSwfcJhygw,f? e0wu bdkuav;+rdK@ ypfcwfr_awGrSm }udKwifpDrHcsufawG[m c&pf,mef bk&m;&Sdcdk;ausmif;awGu acgif;aqmifpnf;a0; cJh=uw,fvdk@ owfrSwf=uygw,f? tJ'DvdkowfrSwf+yD;aemuf bdkuav;+rdK@e,ftwGif; c&pf,mefbmom0if awG/ toif;tkyfq&mawGudk zrf;qD; axmifcscJhygw,f? c&pf,meftoif;tkyfq&m awG[m axmifus+yD; tif;pdefaxmifu usaemfwdk@&SdaewJh trSwf(3)tdyf aqmifudk a&mufvmygw,f? olwdk@udkar;jref; =unfhawmh bmqdkbmrS rod&yJ e0wppfwyfu rJrJjrifor# tukefzrf;qD;+yD; axmifcsaewm jzpfw,fvdk@ u&ifvlrsdK; toif;tkyfq&mwpfOD;u ajymjyygw,f? axmifxJa&mufwJhtxd &Jpcef;eJ@ ppfa=uma&;pcef;awGu wkwfeJ@&dkufESufxm;wJh '%f&mawG/ ppfzdeyfeJ@ uefa=umufxm;wJh '%f&mawG raysmufao;wmudk awG@&ygw,f? c&pf,mef oif;tkyfq&mawG[m olwdk@udk axmif'%f csrSwf+yD;onfhwdkif a=umuf&GH@r_awG raysmufuG,fao;yJ &Sdae+yD; pum;wpfcGef;rS jyefrajymEdkifatmif !Sif;yrf;ESdyfpuf cHcJh&ygao;w,f? usaemftckwif jyxm;wJhtcsufawG[m 1991 ckESpfu &efukeftif;pdeftusOf;axmif trSwf(3)tdyfaqmif twGif;}uHKawG@cJh&wJh tjzpftysufawGudk wifjyxm;wmawG jzpfygw,f? usaemfhudk 'Djzpf&yfawG ajymjycJhwJh q&mawmf}uD;rsm;/ wifjycJhwJh ta=umif;t&mawGxJrSm yg0ifcJhwJh q&mawmf}uD;rsm;[m tckwdkif &efukef+rdK@rSm oufawmfxif&Sm; &Sdae=uqJjzpf ygw,f? 'Dvdkomoemudk csdK;azmufapmfum;wJh e0w[m 'Djypfr_awGudk vdrfvnf;zHk;uG,fxm;ovdk/ aemufxyf oHCmawmfawGudk ESdyfpuf!Sif;yrf;r_awG &Sdaeao;w,fqdkwm trsm;jynfol odatmif usaemhftaeeJ@ wifjyjcif;jzpfygw,f? 'Djzpf&yfawGudk roda,mifjyK+yD;. . . “ NLDeJ@ tjcm;EdkifiHa&; ygwDawGu bmoma&;udk ckwHk;vkyf+yD; wdkif;jynfpnf;vHk;r_udk +ydKuGJysufqD;atmif vkyfaeygw,f ” “ NLD tzGJ@0ifawG[m uwHk;wHk;/ ouFef;0wf+yD; oHCmxkawG=um;xJ aoG;cGJoyfv#dKr_awG jyKvkyfaeygw,f ” “ trsdK;/ bmom/ omoemudk rormolvlawGu ao;odrfatmif vkyfaeygw,f ” vdk@ w&m;cHb,folawGrSef;rodatmif e0wu rsufvSnfhjy wwfygw,f? trSefuawmh e0w[m olwdk@usL;vGefxm;wJh jypfr_awGtwGuf aoG;&l;aoG;wef; a=umufvef@w=um;

zHk;uG,fzdk@ }udK;pm;&if; olwdk@&Jhvufudkifwkwf ppfwyfudk zufqpfpepfqdk; a&mifawmfjyefv$wfzdk@ aqmif&Gufaeygawmhw,f? trsdK;/ bmom/ omoem xGef;vif;awmufyapzdk@ &nf&G,f&if; wifjyvdkufygw,f? udkbkef;jrifhxGef; oHk;a&mifjc,f ausmif;om;tzGJ@ bkef;jrifhxGef;(oHk;a&mifjc,f ausmif;om;tzGJ@) 1988ckESpf ta&;tcif;rsm;Y wufºuGpGm v_yf&Sm;yg0ifcJh+yD; pufwifbmvY oHk;a&mifjc,fausmif; om;tzGJ@odk@ 0ifa&mufcJh+yD; a':atmifqef;pk=unf. vHk+cHKa&;tm; wm0ef,lcJhonf? a':atmifqef;pk=unf. e,fvSnfhpnf;&Hk;a&; c&D;pOfrsm;Y vdkufygcJh+yD; vHk+cHKa&;wm0ef,l cJhonf? 1989ckESpf arvY oHk;a&mifcs,fausmif;om; tzGJ@eJ@twl v_yf&Sm;r_rsm;Y wufwufºuGºuGyg0ifcJhonf? 1989/ 1990 v_yf&Sm;r_rsm;Y ausmif;om;or*~rsm;Y v_yf&Sm;r_rsm;wGif wyfOD;rS yg0ifcJhonf? 1990{+yDv atmufArmjynf Auorsm;tzGJ@csKyf zGJ@pnf;&mY oHk;a&mifcs,fausmif;om; tzGJ@ESifhtwl yg0ifcJhonf? xdk@aemuf atmufArmjynf (Auorsm;tzGJ@csKyf) nDvmcHrsm; / qENjyv_yf&Sm;r_rsm;wGif yg0ifcJhonf? 1990 pufwifbmvY AvoESifh Auorsm;tzGJ@csKyfY pnf;&Hk;a&;ESifh jyef=um;a&; wm0efcHtjzpf aqmif&GufcJhonf? 1991 ckESpf Zefe0g&Dv(14) &ufae@wGif aetdrfY ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;. zrf;qD;r_udkcHcJh&+yD; tif;pdef wGJzufaxmif(oD;oef@axmif)Y axmif(4) ESpfuscHcJh&onf? 1995 ckESpfwGif axmifrS jyefvnfvGwfajrmuf vmcJhonf? xdk@aemuf ausmif;om;v_yf&Sm; r_twGuf wufEkdifoa&G@ ulnDaxmufyHhcJ@onf? 2000 ckESpf Zefe0g&DvrSpI “+idrf;” trnf&Sd pmapmiftm; *syefEkdifiH&Sd 'Drdkua&pD tiftm;pkrsm;ESifh yl;aygif;um xkwfa0cJhonf? ,cktcgY *syefEdkifY aexdkif&if; jrefrmh'Drdkua&pD wdkufyGJtwGuf wufºuGpGm aqmif&GufaeqJ jzpfonf?

tcef; ( 18 ) usaemfodcJhzl;wJholawGxJu trSwfw& rdwfaqGrsm; usaemftckwifjycsifwJhtydkif;uawmh usaemfaxmifusaepOfumveJ@ jrefrmEdkifiH 'Drdkua&pDa&;twGuf v_yf&Sm;aqmif&GufaepOfumvrSm awG@}uHK/ qHkpnf;cJh&wJh &Jabmf rdwfaqGawGxJu tcsdK@&J@ta=umif;ukd ajymjycsifygw,f? usaemfodoavmufyJ ajymygr,f? usaemfjrifcJhoavmuf ajymygr,f? ( u ) OD;tkef;jrifh ( ociftkef;jrifh/ wdk;wufa&; )

OD;tkef;jrifhqdkwm jrefrmhvGwfvyfa&; }udK;yrf;v_yf&Sm;cJholrsm;xJrSm xif&Sm;ausmf=um;

vSwJh ociftkef;jrifh (c) wdk;wufa&; OD;tkef;jrifh jzpfygw,f? touf (85)ausmfavmuf&Sdr,fvdk@ cef@rSef;&ygw,f? usaemfwdk@uawmh av;pm;aoma=umifh tbvdk@yJ ac:ygw,f? tbOD;tkef;jrifh[m 1991 ckESpfxJrSm tif;pdefaxmif wdkufxJuae+yD; usaemfwdk@trSwf (3)tdyfaqmifudk a&muf&Sdvmygw,f? tbOD;tkef;jrifh[m tom;a& jzLazG;vS+yD; ydefydefyg;yg;eJ@ oGufvufwJh toGif&Sdygw,f? tbOD;tkef;jrifh[m a':=unf=unf (vGif-rqvmpuf) eJ@ yufouf+yD; axmif ( 5 )ESpfusvmol jzpfygw,f? axmifxJrSm reufrdk;vif;+yDqdkwmeJ@ bm,mwef;rSm a&aomufvdkuf/ vrf;av#mufvdkufeJ@ t+rJvdk awG@&ygw,f? 'Dvdk a&aomuf/ vrf;av#mufwm ae@pOfvdkvdk jyKvkyfwmjzpfygw,f? usaemfvnf; oleJ@twlvrf;av#muf&if; pum;pjrnf ajymjzpfcJh=uw,f? trSeftwdkif; 0efcH&&if tJ'Dtcsdeftxd tbOD;tkef;jrifhqdkwm b,fvdkvlrSef; usaemf rodcJhao;yg? tb&J@ ajymjycsufawGt& tb[m vGwfvyfa&;Adokum}uD; AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;&J@ tifrwef&if;ESD;vSwJ@ vkyfazmfudkifzuf wpfa,mufqdkwm od&ygw,f? tbudk usaemfwdk@ ydkav;pm; cspfcifrdoGm;ygw,f? tb[m vGwfvyfa&; }udK;yrf;pOfumvu AdkvfcsKyfeJ@twl v_yf&Sm;aqmif&GufcJhwmawG/ jrpf0u|ef;ay:oGm;c&D;pOfeJ@ ykodrfrSm usif;ywJh ( Auo ) uGefz&ifh ta=umif;awG ajymjyygw,f? tb[m usrf;rma&;vdkufpm;+yD; vrf;av#mufwJhtcgrSm zsufvwfoGufvufvSwJh twGuf vli,fav;wpfa,mufeJ@ tvm;o¾efwlygw,f? tb&J@ajymjycsufeJ@ usaemfhxifjrifcsuft& tb[m *sif;abmif;bDudk ESpf+cdKufwuf+yD; tjrJvdk 0wfqifwwfwm awG@&ygw,f? tbudk ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;u vmzrf;pOfwkef;u *sif;abmif;bDeJ@ jzpf+yD; acgif;pGyfpGyfum ppfa=uma&; pcef;rSmxm;ygw,f?

aemuf&ufusawmh tbudkppfaq;r,fh axmufvSrf;a&;u *sif;abmif;bD0wf+yD; acgif;pGyfpGyfxm;cH&wJhtbudk vli,fxifrSwf+yD; qJqdk }udrf;armif;&dkufESufygw,f?

+yD;rS acgif;pGyfc|wfvdkufwJh tcgrSm acgif;wpfckvHk; qHyifawGjzLazG;aewJh touf (80)ausmf tbdk;}uD;jzpfaewma=umifh axmufvSrf;a&;awG tHhtm;oifh oGm;=uygw,f?

aemufawmh “tbdk;}uD;u i,frljyefaeao;w,f? *sif;abmif;bDeJh bmeJ@” vdk@ajym+yD; ykqdk;vJcdkif;ygw,f?

tb[m aq;vdyf/ t&ufudk vHk;0roHk;pGJyJ axmifxJrSmaepOf wpfudk,fa& usef;rma&;udk *&kpdkufygw,f? tb[m touft&G,f }uD;&ifhaeayr,fh pdwf"gwfuawmh oHr%dvdk rma=umvSygw,f? tbOD;tkef;jrifh[m AdkvfcsKyf&J@ orD;i,fjzpfwJh a':atmifqef;pk=unfudkvnf; yk*~dKvfa&;t& oHa,mZOf }uD;rm;vSygw,f? a':atmifqef;pk=unfuvnf; tbtay: rdbozG,f apmi@fa&Smufw,fvdk@ od&ygw,f? tb[m axmifxJrSm pnf;pepfeJ@ tnDaexdkifol jzpfygw,f? usaemf[m tbudk cspfcifav;pm;wma=umifh usaemfaxmif0ifpmvmwdkif; ygvmwwfwJh tvif;a&mifOD;oef;aqG tpma=uaq;udk tbudk t+rJay;avh&Sdygw,f?

usaemfo&ufaxmifudkajymif;&awmh tbeJ@ a0;cJh&ygw,f? o&ufaxmifrSm usaemf&SdaepOf tdrfuaxmif0ifpmrSm tbOD;tkef;jrifhu usaemfhtwGuf tvif;a&mif OD;oef;aqG tpma=uaq;awG xnhfay;vdkuf+yD; owd&v#uf&Sda=umif;/ usaemfaxmifu jyefvGwfvmrnfh&ufudk oltjyifuae apmifhar#mfaer,fhta=umif; owif;yg;vdkufygw,f?

usaemftwdkif;rod 0rf;omoGm;ygw,f? usaemfaxmifuvGwfawmh tbeJ@oGm;awG@ygw,f? tbxHu usaemfwdk@

wpfcgrSrjrifzl;/ rawG@cJhbl;wJh a&S;a[mif;ordkif;0if"gwfyHktcsdK@eJ@ pm&Gufpmwrf;tcsdK@ &&SdcJhygw,f? tbudk,fwdkifa&;om;wJh vGwfvyfa&;}udK;yrf;r_qkdif&m ordkif;tcsuftvufawG jzpfygw,f? "gwfyHkuawmh AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef;/ ocifoef;xGef;/ udkA[def;eJ@ tbwdk@ wGJ&dkufxm;wJh &Sm;yg;"gwfyHk jzpfygw,f?

tbeJ@ usaemf 1996 ckESpf cGJcGmcJh&+yD;aemuf 1997 ckESpfrSm tbwpfa,muf aemufwpf}udrf axmifjyefusoGm;w,fvdk@ =um;&ygw,f? tb[m jrefrmEdkifiHrSm ppftpdk;&&Sdaeor# axmifxJa&mufaeOD;rSm jzpfygw,f? 1989 ckESpfrSm tbaxmif (5) ESpfuswkef;u tbZeD;onf&J@ psmyeudk axmifxJuyJ vdkufydk@&w,f? 'Dwpfacguf tbaxmifusoGm;wm[m &Snfv#m;vSwJh axmif'%f}uD;eJ@ jzpfwma=umifh tb&J@ usrf;rma&;udk usaemfpdk;&drfrdygw,f?

axmifxJrSm tbwpfa,muf usef;usef;rmrm&Sdaeygapvdk@ ta0;wpfae&mu om;wpfa,muf qkawmif;vdkufygw,f?

tb usrf;rmygap. . . . ( c ) OD;pdefvS ( AdkvfpdefoHr%d ) tbpdefoHr%d[mvnf; tbOD;tkef;jrifheJ@ touft&G,f rwdrf;r,drf;jzpfygw,f? 'gayr,fh tbOD;tkef;jrifhavmuf usef;rma&;raumif;wJhtjyif ausmaxmufaemufcH aumif;aumif;vnf;r&SdvSyg? tbOD;pdefvS[m usaemfwdk@trSwf ( 3 )aqmifukda&mufvmawmh

tb[m cg;tenf;i,fukef;ae+yD; acsmif;tenf;i,f qfdk;aeygw,f? aq;vdyfudkvnf; }udKufESpfouf+yD; pum;ajym&if; vrf;av#muf&if; &,farmaewwfygw,f? 'gayr,fh tbOD;pdefvS[m usef;rma&;odyfraumif;vSayr,fh pdwfuawmh emrnfeJ@ vdkufatmifrmygw,f? tbOD;pdefvS[m vGwfvyfa&; }udK;yrf;pOf umvu udkvdkeD tkyfcsKyfa&;,EW&m;udk v_yfcg+cdrf;ajcmufcJhwJh ykvdyfoydwfwyfrSm OD;aqmifv_yf&Sm;cJhwJhol wpfOD; jzpfw,fvdk@ od&ygw,f? tckvnf; ae0if;rqvtpdk;&udk jywfjywfom;om; a0zefjypfwif &_wfcscJhwma=umifh tif;pdefaxmifwGif; ESpf&Snfaxmif'%fuscHae&wm jzpfygw,f? tb[m axmifxJa&mufvmwJhtcgrSm ae0if;tpdk;&&J@ ,kwfrmnpfywfr_awGudk oljzwfoef;awG@}uHK&wJ@ jzpf&yfawGeJ@ ordkif;eJ@csD+yD; oifcef;pm,l&ef 'Dae@acwfvli,fawGudk vufqifhurf;ajymjyygw,f? tbOD;pdefvS[m touft&G,fu }uD;&ifhvmwJhtjyif usrf;rma&; uvnf; ,dk,Gif;vmwma=umifh e0w&J@vufatmuf tif;pdefaxmif}uD;xJrSm oljrwfEdk;vSwJh vGwfvyfr_twGuf wdkufyGJ0if&if; uG,fvGeftedpP a&mufoGm;ygw,f? tbOD;vSpdefvdk a&S@rSD/ aemufrSdD ordkif;0ifvl}uD;awG uG,fvGeftedpPa&mufcJhwm tifrwefrS ESajrmwo jzpfvSygw,f? txl;ojzifh tbvdk av;pm;zG,faumif;wJh awmfvSefa&; ordkif;0ifyk*~dKvf}uD;awG axmifxJrSm uG,fvGefcJhwm woo ,l}uHK;r& jzpfrdygw,f? tb a&muf&mb0rSm vGwfvyf/ r#wr_udk axG;ayG@Edkifygap. . . . ( * ) q&mawmf OD;a&0w q&mawmfOD;a&0wudk usaemfp+yD;zl;awG@&wkef;u 1990 jynfhESpfESpfqef;ydkif;rSm jzpfygw,f? rEWav;+rdK@uausmif;om;§olawGeJh ykZGefawmif a&ausmf&yfrSm p+yD;zl;awG@&wm jzpfygw,f? q&mawmf[m tom;!dk+yD; ydefydefoG,foG,f o¾mef&Sdygw,f? pum;ajymqdkwJh tcgrSmvnf; at;at;aq;aq; wnfwnf+idrf+idrf ajymqkdwwfygw,f? usaemf 1989 ckESpfu rEWav;+rdK@udk t}udrf}udrfa&mufzl;ygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefumvawGrSm rpdk;&drfwdkufu q&mawmf OD;u0dEN udkrwfv (13)&uf jrefrmjynf vl@tcGifhta&;ae@ oHCmqGrf;uyfyGJ/ rEWav;wuUodkvftcrf;tem;/ 1989 ckESpf ArmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&m ausmif;om;or*~rsm;tzGJ@csKyf nDvmcHusif;ywJh tcsdefawGrSm zl;awG@cJh &ayr,fh q&mawmf OD;a&0wudk rod/ rjrifzl;cJhyg? q&mawmfOD;u0dEN zrf;qD;cH&+yD; axmifusaecsdef (8888) v_yf&Sm;r_umvawGrSm rEWav;+rdK@ tdrfawmf&mppfa=umif;udk OD;aqmifcJhwJh q&mawmfOD;a&0w[m rEWav;+rdK@u av;jyifav;&yfrSm&SdwJh y&d,wWdpmayudk avhvmqnf;yl;ae=uwJh oHCmawmfawGudk

pkpnf;ygw,f? +yD;awmh trsdK;/ bmom/ omoemtwGuf rEWav;+rdK@ av;jyifav;&yf oHCmhor*~DtzGJ@}uD;udk wnfaxmifygawmhw,f? q&mawmf[m tJ'DoHCmhtzGJ@}uD;&J@ OuUXjzpfygw,f? 1990 jynfhESpfxJu &ufwpf&ufrSm q&mawmf[m ol@&J@ZmwdcsufjrKyf arG;&yfajrjzpfwJh wGHaw;bufu aus;&Gmav; wpfckudkvmzdk@ usaemfhukd zdwfac:ygw,f? 'geJh usaemfvnf; yJcl;u ausmif;olwpfOD;jzpfwJh vkyfazmfudkifzufwpfOD;eJ@ q&mawmfqDudk oGm;a&mufcJhygw,f? yef;qdk;wef;qdyfurf;uae 'vzufurf;udk orRmefeJ@ul;+yD; tJ'DurSwpfqifh wGHaw;bufudk (45) rdepfavmuf um;pD;&ygw,f? um;*dwfqHk;awmh wGHaw;wl;ajrmif;udk ul;wdk@eJhjzwf+yD; wpfzufurf;udk xyful;&ygw,f? wpfzufurf;a&mufawmh urf;em;uae v,fuGif;awGudk rdepf (20)avmuf jzwfav#mufoGm;wJhtcgrSm &GmoHk;&Gm/ av;&Gmavmuf wef;pDwnf&Sdaewmudk awG@&ygw,f? tJ'D&GmawG&J@tv,frSm q&mawmfoDwif;oHk;aewmrdk@ &Gm&J@tv,fydkif;ae&mudk a&mufoGm; ygw,f? usaemfwdk@ jzwfvmwJh&GmawGrSm tv_r¾yf}uD;awG aqmufaewmudk awG@cJh&ygw,f? q&mawmfudk ar;av#muf=unfhawmh aemufwpfae@rSm q&mawmf&J@ arG;ordcifudk,fwdkifu oduQmxyfyGJudk &Gmtv,fydkif;rSm jyKvkyfrSm jzpfw,fvdk@ &Sif;jyygw,f? tJ'D&GmawGrSm aexdkif=uwJh olawGtm;vHk;[m q&mawmf&J@ ZmwdajrjzpfwmeJ@tnD q&mawmftay: &dkaoukdif;&_dif;=uwmudk awG@jrif&jyefygw,f? q&mawmf[m ol@&J@arG;ae@yGJeJ@ oduQmxyfyGJudk rdbaqGrsdK;awGtv,frSm (7) &uf ( 7 ) vD usif;yjyKvkyfrSmjzpf+yD; usaemfwdk@udk tptqHk; aeapcsifygw,f? 'gayr,fhusaemfrSm tjcm;ta=umif;udpPawG &Sdao;wma=umifh q&mawmfudk awmif;yefav#mufxm;+yD; &efukef+rdK@udk ae@csif;jyefcJhygw,f? rEWav;+rdK@ av;jyifav;&yf oHCmhor*~DtzGJ@}uD; zGJ@pnf;+yD; odyfr=umcifrSmyJ omoema&; aqmif&Gufr_awGudk oHCmxkudk,fpm; q&mawmfOD;a&0wu OD;aqmif+yD; oHCmawmfawGeJh twl jyKvkyfaqmif&Gufygw,f? e0w[m omoema&;udpPawGrSm 0ifa&mufpGufzufI oHCmxktwGif; aoG;cGJoyfv#dKr_awGeJ@ tqufrjywf jyKvkyfvm&mrSm EdkifiHawmfoHCm acgif;aqmifa&G;cs,fyGJawGtxd vkyfaqmifvmygw,f? oHCmxk&J@ tjrifhqHk; xdyfydkif;jzpfwJh oHCmhr[mem,utzGJ@0ifawGudk olwdk@pdwf}udKuf q&mawmf}uD;awGeJ@ zGJ@pnf;+yD; wGJzuftusdK;awmfaqmifq&mawmf tjzpfq&mawmf b'EW0HumoD&dudk csD;¹rSifhajrmufpm;vdkufygw,f? +yD;awmhppftpdk;& tvdkus&yfuGuf/ +rdK@e,f/ wdkif; tqifhqifh oHCmtzGJ@awGudk EdkifiHawmfoHCmhr[mem,uawG&J@ trdef@eJ@ e0wu olwdk@tqifoifhjyKpk+yD;wJh oHCmhtrnfawGeJ@ zGJ@cdkif;ygw,f? 'DvdkoHCmxkt=um; aoG;cGJr_awG jyKvkyfvmwmudk &efukef+rdK@uoHCmawmfawGu rausreyfeJ@ zGJ@pnf;cJh=uayr,fh rEWav;u &yfuGuf/ +rdK@e,f/ wdkif;tqifh oHCmhtzGJ@awG rzGJ@pnf;EdkifcJh=uygbl;? &efukefwdkif; urBmat;ukef;ajrrSm jrefrmwpfjynfvHk;&Sd oHCmxkudk,fpm;vS,f awGudk twnfjyKzdk@twGuf tpnf;ta0; ac:,lcsdefrSm rEWav;+rdK@rSm jy\empwufygawmh w,f? rEWav;+rdK@rSm e0wuowfrSwfay;xm;wJh rdwWDvm+rdK@u oHCmudk,fpm;vS,f[m rEWav;wdkif;twGif;rSm&SdwJh oHCmxk&J@ a&G;cs,fwifajrmufxm;jcif; r&SdwJhtwGuf

oHCmhudk,fpm;vS,fw&m;0if a&G;cs,fEdkifzdk@ wdkif;oHCmhem,umtzGJ@awG/ A[dkoHCmh0efaqmif/ omoema&;OD;pD;Xmewdk@udk ta=umif;=um;pmawG ay;ydk@+yD; e0wu a&G;cs,fxm;wJh udk,fpm;vS,fudpPeJ@ yufouf+yD; uef@uGuf=uygw,f? 'gayr,fh oHCmr[mem,utpnf;ta0;}uD;udk rdwWDvm+rdK@u udk,fpm;vS,fwufa&mufzdk@ oHCmxku uef@uGufaewJh=um;u usif;yzdk@pDpOf=uygw,f? e0w&J@ }udK;ukdifcs,fvS,fr_a=umifh oHCmxk&J@qENudk tav;rjyKyJ rEWav;wdkif; udk,fpm;vS,fq&mawmfudk &efukefudk apv$wfzdk@ jyKvkyfygw,f? rEWav;wdkif;twGif; atmufajctqifhtzGJ@awG rzGJ@pnf;Edkifao;wJhtjyif/ oHCmxku a&G;cs,fwifajrmufxm;wJh udk,fpm;vS,f r[kwfwma=umifh e0wu tqifoifhowfrSwfxm;wJh oHCmawmfawG&J@ tpnf;ta0;wufa&mufr_udk oabmrwl uef@uGuf=uygawmhw,f? rEWav;+rdK@ av;jyifav;&yfoHCmhor*~DtzGJ@}uD;uae OD;aqmifum r[mjrwfrked bk&m;}uD;tem;&Sd 45 wmuGif;xJrSm rEWav;+rdK@&Sd ausmif;wdkuftoD;oD;rS oHCmhudk,fpm;vS,f ( 100)eD;yg;cef@ pk&Hk;+yD; uef@uGufyGJjyKvkyf=uygw,f? oHCmawmfESpfyg;u ydwfpteDay:wGif tjzLa&mifpmvHk;rsm;eJ@ a&;om;xm;wJh rEWav;+rdK@av;jyifav;&yf oHCmxk tpnf;ta0;}uD; pmwrf;udk udkifaqmif=uum udk&ifrsm;rS toHcsJ@puf/ pyDumrsm;udkudkifaqmifum tcrf;tem;udk pwifygw,f? wpfzufwpfcsufpDrSm omoemtvHawmfrsm;eJ@ rEWav;+rdK@ av;jyifav;&yf oHCmhor*~DtzGJ@}uD;&J@ trSwfwHqdyft0ga&mifay:wGif jcaoFh&kyfygtvHrsm; v$ifhxlxm;=uygw,f? tJ'Dtcrf;tem;rSm q&mawmfOD;a&0wu rdef@=um;onfrSm jrefpGmbk&m; &SdpOfumvuyif oHCmxk&J@udk,fpm;vS,fudk a&G;aumufwJhae&mrSm tkyfcsKyfoltpdk;&wdk@rS yHhydk;r_om&SdcJh+yD; 0ifa&mufpGufzufjcif; r&Sda=umif;/ xdk@twl oHCmxk&J@ ESpfouf=unf!dk av;pm;cH&wJ@ oHCmawmfawGudkom trsm;&J@qENeJ@tnD a&G;cs,fwifajrmuf=ua=umif;/ txufuae trdef@eJ@ owfrSwf+yD; a&G;cs,fwJh tpOftvmr&Sda=umif;/ 'gayr,fhtcktcgrSm e0wppftpdk;&[m bmoma&;udpPrsm;rSm 0ifa&mufpGufzuf+yD; aESmuf,Suf&efwdkufum aoG;cGJr_awGtxd jyKvkyfvmaea=umif;/ oHCmxknD!$wfr_udk ysufjym;atmif aqmif&Gufaea=umif;/ xdkenf;wlpGm &efukef+rdK@rSm oHCmr[mem,u q&mawmf}uD;rsm;udk toHk;cs+yD; Ak'<bmomrSm tpOftvmr&SdwJh udpP&yfawGudk jyKvkyfvma=umif;/ 'ga=umifhrEWav;+rdK@ av;jyifav;&yfoHCmtpnf;ta0;=uD;taejzifh oHCmxk=um; aoG;cGJtkyfcsKyfjcif;eJ@ oHCmxka&G;aumufyGJudk tm%m&Sifqefqef jyKvkyfaewmawGudk jyif;xefpGm &_wfcsuef@uGufyga=umif; ajymqdkoGm;ygw,f? tJ'Dvdk r[mjrwfrkedbk&m;}uD;teD;rS 45wmuGif;jyifrSm at;csrf;pGmoHCmxkrS tpnf;ta0; jyKvkyfaewmudk +zdKcGJzdk@ e0wvufyg;apawG a&muf&Sdvm=uygw,f? &J/ vHkxdef;/ ppfwyfeJ@ axmufvSrf;a&;awG[m tcsKyfum; (12)pD;eJ@ csufcsif;a&muf&Sdvm+yD; (5)rdepftwGif; vlpkcGJzdk@ toHcsJ@pufeJ@ trdef@pay;ygw,f? t"du&k%f;ESdrfESif;a&;&JawGu +zdKcGJ&ef toifhae&m ,lxm;vdkuf=uygw,f? 'gayr,fh oHCmxku wkwfwkwfawmifrv_yfyJ yHkrSeftwdkif; tpnf;ta0;udk usif;y=uygw,f? tJ'DtcgrSm e0w&J@ &JcsKyfjzpfoleJ@ tzGJ@0ifawGu

oHCmawmfrsm;eJ@ vma&muf!SdE_dif;ygw,f? !SdE_dif;w,fqdkayr,fh e0wzufu vlpkcGJay;zdk@om wGifwGif awmif;qdkaewma=umifh q&mawmfOD;a&0wu “ 'DudpPrif;eJ@rqdkifbl;? wm0efcH+yD; ajz&Sif;EdkifwJholeJ@yJ igpum;ajymr,f ” vdk@ajymvdkufwJhtwGuf q&mawmfudk &kwf&if;=urf;wrf;wJh pum;vHk;awGeJ@ ajymqdk+yD; oHCmxkudk &dkufESuf+zdKcGif;zdk@ trdef@ay;vdkufygw,f? oHCmxktwGif; csufcsif;&kwf&kwfoJoJ jzpfoGm;+yD; jyefvnfckcH&ef jyifqifr_awG jyKvkyf=uygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSmyJ bk&m;}uD;0if;xJ&Sd ausmif;wdkufrsm;rS tcsdeftcgr[kwf tkef;armif;acgufoHawG w&pyfxGufay:vmygw,f? 'Dowif;[m rEWav;aps;w0dkufeJ@ av;jyifav;&yfrSm&Sd=uwJh oHCmawmfawG=um;xJ ysH@ES@HoGm;wma=umifh oHCmawmftrsm;[m um;}uD;/ um;i,ftoG,foG,feJ@ r[mjrwfrkedbk&m; &Sd&mudk a&muf&Sdvm=uygw,f? oHCmawmftiftm;[m (500)ausmfuae ( 1000 )cef@txd wdk;yGm;vmygw,f? tJ'DvdktajctaeawG wif;rmaygufuGJawmhr,fh tcsdefrSm rEWav;wdkif; twGif;a&;r_; armifay: a&mufvmygw,f? vlpkcGJzdk@yJ ajymqdkjyefwJhtwGuf tajctae[m ydk+yD;wif;rmvmygw,f? oHCmxk&J@ vdkvm;csufudk rvdkufavsm&if jy\em[m ydk+yD;}uD;xGm;oGm;r,fqdkwm e0wppft&m&SdawG &dyfrdoGm;=uygw,f? 'ga=umifh armifay:u q&mawmfOD;a&0wudk vuftkyfcsD+yD; !SdE_dif;r_awG jyKvkyfygw,f? q&mawmfu 'Duae@ jyKvkyfwJhtpnf;ta0;[m EdkifiHa&;eJ@ roufqdkifa=umif;/ omoema&;udpPudk bkef;}uD;wdk@ jyKvkyfwmjzpfa=umif;/ ,ckESpf rEWav;wdkif;twGuf oHCmh udk,fpm;vS,fudk &yfuGuf/ aus;&Gm/ +rdK@e,f/ wdkif;tqifhqifh a&G;cs,fEkdifjcif;r&SdyJeJ@ txufu wifajrSmufxm;wJh udk,fpm;vS,fawG[m oHCmxk&J@qENeJ@tnD wifa¹r‡Smufxm;wm r[kwfa=umif;/ 'ga=umifh rEWav;wdkif;udk udk,fpm;jyKwJh oHCmawmfvdk@ rowfrSwfEkdifa=umif;/ 'DudpPudk &efukef+rdK@&Sd omoema&;OD;pD;XmeeJ@ oHCmr[mem,u tzGJ@udk }udKwifta=umif;=um;cJhayr,fh bmwpfckrS wkef@jyefaqmif&Gufwm r&SdcJha=umif;/ 'gha=umifh 'Duae@ pnf;a0;&wm[m txufuae tm%m&Sifqefqef a&G;cs,fay;xm;wJh oHCmhudk,fpm;vS,fawGudk vufrcHwJh &_wfcswJh oHCmhtpnf;ta0;jzpfa=umif;/ e0weJ@ omoema&;OD;pD;Xmewdk@[m oHCmxk=um; aoG;cGJr_awG&Sdaevdk@ jypfwif&_wfcsvdkufa=umif; pwJhtcsufawGudk armifay:udk ajym=um;+yD; rif;wdk@ e0womoema&;0ef}uD;eJ@ EdkifiHawmfoHCmr[mem,utzGJ@udk wifjyygqdk+yD; wdkufwGef;ygw,f? armifay:u 'DudpP[m bmoma&;udpPjzpfvdk@ olwdk@eJ@ryufoufa=umif; txufvl}uD;awGudk wifjyay;rnfjzpfa=umif; ajymqdkwJhtcg q&mawmfOD;a&0wu yg;pyfeJ@uwday;vdk@ r&a=umif;/ ,ae@jyKvkyfwJh oHCmtpnf;ta0;udpPudk txuftm%mydkifxH tao;pdwfwifjyygrnf[k uwdvufrSwfa&;xdk;&r,fvdk@ ajymum armifay:ukd vufrSwfa&;xdk;apcJhygw,f? tJ'Daemufq&mawmfu 'Duae@rEWav;wdkif;udk udk,fpm;jyK+yD; &efukefukdoGm;=ur,fh rdwWDvmu oHCmudk,fpm;vS,fawG&J@ tpDtpOfudk zsufodrf;ay;zdk@ awmif;qdkwJhtcg armifygu 'DudpPudkwynfhawmf&efukefudk jynfhjynfhpHkpHkta=umif;=um;oGm;rSm jzpfwJhtwGuf ,ae@oGm;wJh rdwWDvmu udk,fpm;vS,fawG[m rEWav;udk udk,fpm;jyKoGm;wJh udk,fpm;vS,fawGrjzpfa=umif;/

tjcm;udpPeJ@oGm;wJh udk,fpm;vS,fawGjzpfa=umif; jyefav#mufygw,f? tJ'DtcgrSm q&mawmfOD;a&0wu oHCmxkudk &dkif;&dkif;pdkif;pdkif;qufqHcJhwJh &JcsKyfeJh taygif;tygwdk@udk Ak'<bmom0ifyDo=uatmif qHk;rzdk@ rSm=um;ygw,f// aemuf AGD'D,dk/ "gwfyHkawGudk tjyeftvSef &dkuf,l=uygw,f? armifay:u arSmif&Dr+ydK;cif vlpkcGJzdk@q&mawmfudk awmif;yefav#mufxm;&m q&mawmfu 'Duae@jyKvkyfwJh oHCmxk tpnf;ta0;ta=umif; &vm'feJ@ qHk;jzwfcsufawGudk trsm;jynfolwdk@ odjrifap&ef rEWav;+rdK@wpfywf pDwef;vSnfhvnf qENjyrSmjzpfa=umif; jyefajymvdkufygw,f? tJ'DtcgrSm armifay:u rsufESmi,fav;eJ@ wkefwkef&D&DeJ@ . . . “'DudpP[m roifhawmfygbk&m;/ wynfhawmftaeeJ@ 'Duae@jyKvkyfwJh oHCmhtpnf;ta0;}uD;&J@ tao;pdwfrSwfwrf;udk txuft&m&Sdrsm;xH ae@rqdkif;yJ wifjyay;rSm jzpfygw,f? 'gha=umifh qENjyyGJudkawmh rvkyfygeJ@ bk&m; ” vdk@qdk+yD; r[mjrwfrkedbk&m;ab;u &efukef-rEWav; rD;&xm;vrf;rSm &efukefukd xGufcGmr,fh rEWav;tjref (3:00) &xm;a&S@ oHCmawmfrsm; ydwfqdk@xm;wmudk z,f&Sm;ay;zdk@ awmif;qdkygw,f? tJ'D&xm;rSm &efukefudkxGufcGmrnfh rEWav;wdkif; oHCmhudk,fpm;vS,f tjzpfwufa&mufr,fh oHCmawmfawG yg0ifwma=umifh ydwfqdk@xm;wm jzpfygw,f? aemufqHk;rSm armifay:u idkoHyg}uD;eJh . . . . “bk&m;wynfhawmfwm;wmudk t&Sifbk&m; jyKvkyfr,fqdk&ifvnf; bmrSwwfEdkifrSm r[kwfygbl; bk&m;? q&m/ 'um riJh!Smygu t&Sifbk&m; jyKvkyfcsifovdk jyKvkyfawmfrlyg bk&m; ” vdk@ wifav#mufygw,f? tJ'Dtcg=urS q&mawmfu rEWav;+rdK@ av;jyifav;&yf oHCmhtpnf;ta0;}uD;udk aºuG;a=umfoHawGeJ@ &kwfodfrf;+yD; 45 wmuGif;rSm at;at;csrf;csrf; vlpkcGJcJh=uygw,f? q&mawmfOD;a&0w[m trsdK;/ bmom/ omoemtwGuf &J0Hjywfom;pGm ppftm%mydkifawGeJ@ ajymqdkqufqH+yD; oHCmacgif;aqmifyDopGm ajz&Sif;EdkifcJhwmudk awG@jrif&ygw,f? 1990 jynfhESpfawGrSm rEWav;+rdK@rSm ae@pOf/ tywfpOf 'Drdkua&pD ae@xl;ae@jrwfawGrSm ppftpdk;&qef@usifa&;udk tiftm;aumif;aumif; jyKvkyfaewmudk usaemfrsufjrifawG@&ygw,f? 'gayr,fh rEWav;&J@ v_yf&Sm;r_awGudk urBmu odyfrodcJhovdk/ e0wuvnf; &efukef+rdK@avmuf tm&kHrpdkufEdkifcJhygbl;? 'ga=umifh rEWav;+rdK@ oHCm/ ausmif;om;/ jynfol/ EdkifiHa&;ygwDawG&J@ ppftpdk;&qef@usifa&;awG/ 'Drdkua&pDv_yf&Sm;r_awGta=umif; jrefrmwpfjynfvHk;eJ@ urBmuyg od&Sdatmif usaemf}udK;yrf;cJhygw,f? rEWav;+rdK@twGif; oHCmawmfrsm;t=um; e0w&J@ aoG;cGJoyfv#dKr_awG/ bk&m;0wWu ajrawGukd twif;tusyfodrf;,lwmawG/ omoemhajrtwGif; ppfzdeyfpD;wmawG pwJh ta=umif;awGudk tao;pdwfjyKpk+yD; &efukef&Sd oHwreftodkif;t0dkif;udk ay;ydk@cJhygw,f? aemufydkif; EdkifiHwumowif;pmawG/ owif;XmeawGrSm rEWav;+rdK@ v_yf&Sm;r_/

jzpf&yfawGta=umif; yg0ifvmygw,f? EdkifiHwumuvnf; rEWav;+rdK@udk pdwf0ifpm;vm cJhygw,f? tJ'Dtcsdefwkef;u usaemf[m &efukefrSm usaemftwGufvHkjcHKr_uif;rJhvmwma=umifh rEWav;+rdK@udk a&muf&Sdae+yD; oH&Hk;vdk@ wifpm;ac:a0:cJh=uwJh bkef;}uD;ausmif;wdkufawGrSm aexdkifcJhygw,f? bkef;}uD;ausmif;wkdufawGudk oH&kH;vdk@ac:&jcif;u ppfwyfeJ@ ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;wdk@&J@ 0ifa&mufzrf;qD;r_ab;rS ausmif;om;trsm;tjym;udk bkef;}uD;ausmif;wdkufawGrSm tumtuG,fay;xm;cJhvdk@ jzpfygw,f? 1990 jynfha&G;aumufyGJrwdkifcifrSm tar&duefoH&kH;u yxrEdkifiHa&;twGif;0ef rEWav;udk a&mufvm+yD; rEWav;+rdK@u oHCmudk,fpm;vS,fawGeJh awG@csifw,fvdk@ usaemfhudk ajymygw,f? usaemfvnf; bk&m;}uD; 'udQ%&mrausmif;wkdufrSm q&mawmfOD;a&0weJ@ awG@qHkay;cJhygw,f? +yD;aemufjrefrmEdkifiHwGif; bmoma&;tajctae qdk;&Gm;aer_awGudk tao;pdwf avhvmygw,f? 1990 jynfh =o*kwfv ( 8) &ufae@ tcrf;tem;udk &efukef+rdK@ ykZGefawmif+rdK@e,f r[manmifukef;ausmif;wkdufrSm tajccHynmausmif;om;or*~ (&efukefwdkif;)u OD;aqmifusif;ywma=umifh usaemf&efukefudkoGm;+yD; tcrf;tem;udk wufa&mufcJhygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm rEWav;+rdK@ ppfwyfuypfcwfr_awGa=umifh oHCmhaoG;ajr usyGJjzpfcJhygw,f? 'ga=umifh usaemfvnf;rEWv;udk csufcsif;jyefwufoGm;+yD; q&mawmfOD;a&0weJ@ awG@qHkum tjzpftysufudk ar;jref;cJhygw,f? tJ'Dae@u jzpfyGm;cJhwJh aoG;ajrusr_eJ@yufouf+yD; q&mawmfu oufaocHtaxmuftxm;awG usaemfhudkjyygw,f? ppfwyfu armif;jyefaoewfawGeJ@ ypfcwfvdk@ oHCmtrsm;tjym; xdrSefaoqHk;yHk/ '%f&mjyif;xefpGm&&dSyHkeJ@ aoG;pGef;aewJh ouFef;awmfawG/ tJ'Dtjyif xl;jcm;tHh=ozG,faumif;wJh oydwfwpfvHk;ukd jyygw,f? oydwf[m oHoydwftrsdK;tpm;jzpf+yD; twGif;eJ@tjyif ESpfckpvHk;udk ppfap;okwfvdrf; xm;ygw,f? ppfwyfu ypfcwfvdkufwJh usnfqef[m oydwf&J@ tv,fydkif;azmif;&pf&Sd ppfaq;eJ@oHudk azmufxGufoGm;+yD; oydwftwGif;rSm usnfqef'kwd, rD;usnf&dkuf&m trm&Gwf}uD;}uD;/ wwd,usnf&dkuf&m trm&Gwftvwf/ pwkwWusnf&dkuf&m trm&Gwftao;eJ@ yOPrusnf&dkuf&m trm&Gwftao;av;udk jrifawG@&ygw,f? ypfcwfr_rSm&&SdwJh usnfqefudk ausmif;u udk&ifav;wpfyg;u a=umufvef@+yD; ukËD(tdrfom)xJ v$ifhypfcJhvdk@ r&Sdawmha=umif; q&mawmfuajymjyygw,f? e0w[m oHCmxkudk aoapEkdifwJhtxd csdef&G,fypfcwfcJhwm xif&Sm;a=umif;/ Ak'<&J@om;awmf &[ef;wdk@udk um,uHajrmuf usL;vGefowfjzwfwJhtjyif/ Ak'<&J@ y&dabm* apwDudkvnf; zsufqD;wJholawG jzpfwma=umifh r=umcifrSm }uD;}uD;rm;rm;ta&;,lzdk@ 'DudpPudk aqmif&GufrSm jzpfa=umif; q&mawmfu quf+yD;ajymygw,f? usaemfvnf; q&mawmfcGifhjyKcsufeJ@ rEWav;+rdK@ 84vrf;r}uD;u vlxkwdkufa&S@rSm jzpfyGm;cJhwJh jzpfpOf tao;pdwfudk rSwfom;+yD; oufaocH"gwfyHk/ oydwfawGudk ,l+yD; &efukefudk qif;vmcJhygw,f? &efukefu oHwreftodkif;t0dkif;eJh owif;XmeawGudk jyoygw,f? e0wu b,fvdkyJ

vdrfnmcJhayr,fh taemufEdkifiHppfoHr_;awGu atau 47 'grSr[kwf *sD-o&D;uJhodk@ t&Sdefjyif;xefwJh aoewftrsdK;tpm;eJ@ ypfcwfwmjzpfa=umif;/ oydwftwGif;&Sdaeaom usnfqef,rf;r_ef@ rsm;udk "gwfcGJ=unfh&mrSm olwdk@ppfaq;csuft& aoapEdkifwJh usnfrsm;eJ@ ypfcwfwm jzpfw,fvdk@ twnfjyK ajym=um;ygw,f? rEWav;+rdK@rSm q&mawmfOD;a&0wwdk@ “ywWedukZ…euHaqmif” oydwfarSmufyGJrusif;ycif usaemfvnf; ppfaxmufvSrf;a&;wdk@&J@ zrf;qD;r_udk cHvdkuf&ygw,f? tJ'Dtcsdefup+yD; q&mawmfeJ@usaemf jyefrawG@jzpf =uawmhygbl;? q&mawmfOD;a&0w[m trsdK;/ bmom/ omoemtwGuf a&S@wef;uae OD;aqmifr_ay;EdkifcJhwJh oHCmtmZmenfwpfyg; jzpfygw,f? oHCmxktrsm;&J@ =unfndKav;pm;r_udk cH&ovdk oHCmxktwGif; nD!$wfr_&apcJhwJh av;jyifav;&yfpvHk;u oHCmawmfawGudk pkpnf;EdkifcJhw,f? rEWav;+rdK@wGif; q&mawmf OD;u0dEN/ q&mawmfOD;a&0weJ@ tjcm;aom oHCmawmfawG[m t"rR0g'DawGudk atmifEdkifcJh=uw,f? q&mawmf}uD;awG[m oHCmxktwGif;rSmomru ausmif;om;xktwGif;/ or*~rsm;twGif;/ ygwDrsm;twGif; nD!$wfa&;&&Sdatmif jyKvkyfay;EdkifcJhygw,f? q&mawmfOD;a&0wu usaemfwdk@ ausmif;om;awGudk rSwfom;p&m pum;wpfcGef;ajymcJhygw,f? q&mawmftygt0if oHCmawG/ ausmif;om;awG jrefrmjynfEdkifiHa&;/ 'Drdkua&pDta&;rsm;udk aqG;aEG;aepOf q&mawmfu . . . “ igvnf; igwufEdkifwJh 0efudkxrf;r,f? igodoifhodxdkufwJh ta=umif;t&mawGyJ ighudkajym=u/ igrodoifh rodxdkufwJhudpPudk ighudkvnf;rajymeJh/ igha&S@rSmvnf; rajymeJ@? igodvdk@ wpfae@axmufvSrf;a&;u zrf;vm;qD;vm;vkyfcJh&if olwdk@uenf;trsdK;rsdK;eJ@ESdyfpuf+yD; ar;rSmyJ? igvnf;ykxkZOf jzpfwma=umifh =um=umcHEdkifrSmr[kwfovdk rkom;vnf;rqdkEdkifbl;? trSeftwdkif;ajym&rSmyJ? bmrSrodwJhudpPudk olwdk@b,favmufyJ&dkuf&dkuf/ toufom aooGm;r,f olwdk@bmrS od&rSmr[kwfbl;? 'gha=umifh igrodoifhwJhudpP/ ta=umif;t&mudk rajym=ueJh ” vdk@ajymcJhygw,f? e0w&J@ vufcsufa=umifh omoemajrawG ppfwvif;jyif jzpfcJhygw,f? bk&m;om;awmfawGudk &uf&ufpufpuf owfjzwfcJhw,f? Ak'<omoemawmf}uD; wpfckvHk; wkefv_yfajcmufjcm;apwJh jzpf&yfawG e0wuzefwD;cJhw,f? 1990 =o*kwfvwGif oHCmawmfawG owfjzwfcJhwJhjrifuGif;udk rEWav;+rdK@ol/ +rdK@om;awG ,ae@wdkifrsufvHk;xJu rxGufEdkif=uao;? rarhazsmufEkdif=uao;? +yD;awmh oHCmxkawG&Jh &J&Jawmuf uHaqmif oydwfarSmufyGJ}uD;awG . . . .? (q&mawmfOD;a&0w ysHvGefawmfrloGm;a=umif; od&wJhtwGuf oHCmhZmenfudk *k%fjyKa&;om;rdygw,f? )

( C ) &JausmfpGm &JausmfpGm[m axmifusvmwkef;u (15)ESpfom;t&G,fyJ &Sdao;wJh q,fwef; ausmif;om;av;wpfa,muf jzpfygw,f? ol[m Adkvfwpfaxmif(2)rSm ausmif;wufaewJhol wpfa,mufjzpf+yD; tuo ausmif;om;jzpfygw,f? ol[mt&G,feJhrvdkufatmif pmzwftm;aumif;vS+yD; yg0grsufrSeftxl}uD;udk wyfqifxm;wJhol jzpfygw,f? axmifusvmwJh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awGxJrSm toufti,fqHk; jzpfwma=umifh tm;vHk;ucspfcif=uygw,f? ol&,f/ om;!$ef@OD;&,f/ usaemf&,f[m wpfOD;eJ@ wpfOD;tifrwefrS cspfcif=u+yD; trSwf (3)aqmifrSm rodolr&Sd emrnf}uD; &J ( 3 ) azmfawG jzpfygw,f? c% c%vnf; &efjzpfwwf=uygw,f? wpf&ufaxmif0ifpm ( 3 )a,mufom; jyefvmwJhtcgrSm &JausmfpGmu “ usaemfhtaz aeraumif;jzpfaew,fvdk@ tpfruajymoGm;w,f? usaemfhudkvnf; ar;aew,fwJh? olaejrefjrefaumif;atmif vkyfr,f? aeaumif;rS ighom;i,fav;udk oGm;awG@EdkifrSmvdk@ ajym+yD; a&m*gudk jrefjrefaysmufatmif ukaew,fvdk@ usaemfhtdrfu ajymoGm;w,f ” vdk@ usaemfwdk@udk ajymjyygw,f? usaemfwdk@u rif;taztajctaeu pdk;&drf&vm;vdk@ ar;awmh usaemfhtpfru odyftqdk;}uD; r[kwfbl;vdk@awmh ajymw,fvdk@ jyefajzygw,f? “[m. . .'gqdk rpdk;&drfygeJ@ ” vdk@ usaemfwdk@u tm;ay;ESpfodrfh=uygw,f? axmifxJrSm usaemfwdk@awGae+rJtwdkif; aexdkifvmcJh&if;aemuf wpf}udrfaxmif0ifpmawG@zdk@ (14)&ufjynfhoGm;ygw,f? usaemfwdk@tr_wGJawG axmif0ifpm xGuf=uygw,f? &JausmfpGmtdrfu ol@tpfrwpfa,mufyJ axmif0ifpmvmwmudk awG@&ygw,f? &JausmfpGmtwGuf owif;qdk;}uD;u usaemfwdk@tm;vkH;udk apmifh}udKaeygw,f? &JausmfpGm&J@ tazqHk;oGm;+yDvdk@ usaemfeJ@ om;!$ef@OD;/ udkatmifxGef;wdk@tdrfawGu ajymjy=uygw,f? &JausmfpGmudkawmh todray;xm;=uygbl;? taqmifukdjyefa&mufrS =unfh+yD;ajymzdk@ usaemfwdk@awG qHk;jzwfvdkufygw,f? &JausmfpGmav;crsm ol@tazta=umif; rod&&Smao;ygbl;? ol@udk axmif0ifpmrSm rif;tazusef;rma&;ta=umif; ar;=unfhao;vm;vdk@ar;awmh . . . “ tif;/ ar;w,f? bmrSrajzbl;? pdwfrylygeJ@vdk@yJ ajymw,f ” vdk@ jyefajzygw,f? taqmifudkjyefa&mufawmh 'Dowif;udk &JausmfpGm&J@ tcef;rSm tqifajyovdk =unfhajymzdk@ udkatmifxGef;u wm0ef,lvdkufygw,f? nzufa&mufawmh udkbdkbdkxGef;/ udkatmifausmfrdk; (c) bdkawmuf/ OD;axG;jrifh/ udkatmifxGef;eJ@ udk&JrGefwdk@u &JausmfpGmudk “ rif;tazqHk;oGm;+yD ” vdk@ ajymjyvdkuf=uw,f? tJ'DtcgrSm &JausmfpGmu . . . “ tif; . . . xifawmhxifom;yJ? tdrfudk ar;wmar;vdk@r&bl; ”

vdk@ wpfcGef;wnf;jyefajym+yD; +idrfusoGm;ygw,f? reufrdk;vif;awmh tm;vHk;u &JausmfpGmudk owif;ar;=uwJhtcgrSm &JausmfpGmwpfa,muf at;at;aq;aq;yJ jyefvnf ajymqdkwmudk awG@&awmh olvdktoufi,f&G,fol wpfa,muftaee@J zcifwpfa,muf qHk;&_H;oGm;wJh'kuQudk wnfwnf+idrf+idrf&ifqdkifwmudk awG@&awmh usaemfav;pm;oGm;rdygw,f? olcspfjrwfEdk;wJh zcifwpfa,muf&J@ aemufqHk;c&D;udk vdkufydk@cGifhr&&SmwJh (15)ESpft&G,f usaemfhnDav;udk usaemf udk,fcsif;pmoem;rdygw,f? ol@ae&mrSmqdk&if usaemf'Dvdk aeEdkifyghrvm;vdk@ usaemfhzmom ar;cGef;xkwfrdygw,f? aemufxyf ESpfywft=um axmif0ifpmvmawmh &JausmfpGmtpfru . . . “ eifhudktazu olraocif toufxGufcgeD; tcsdeftxd eifhemrnfudkw+yD; qHk;oGm;wm ” vdk@ &JausmfpGmudk ajym+yD;idkygw,f? e0wuawmh udk,fcsif;pmemr_ &SdrS&Sdygavp? &JausmfpGmtazqHk;wm ( 1 )vjynfhawmh usaemfeJ@om;!$ef@OD;u OD;aqmif+yD; axmifxJrSm&SdwJh oHCmawmfawGudk qGrf;uyfjcif;eJ@ tr#twrf;a0jcif;awG jyKvkyfygw,f? taqmif wpfaqmifvHk;rSm&SdwJh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;awGudk vBuf&nfeJ@rkef@au|;+yD; &ufvnf jyKvkyfcJhygw,f? &JausmfpGm[m 1990ckESpf 'DZifbmausmif;om;tcGifhta&; v_yf&Sm;r_rSm wufwufºuGºuG yg0ifcJhwma=umifh axmufvSrf;a&;&J@ zrf;qD;r_udk jyefvnfcHcJh&+yD; axmif'%f ( 19 )ESpf csrSwfcHcJh&ygw,f? ol[m usaemftwGuf trSwf&aeapr,fh &JabmfwpfOD;jzpfygw,f? tcef; ( 19 ) ( u ) o&ufaxmifu vGwfwJhae@ jrefrmjynftwGif; tqdkawmfA'if&J@ 'dk@uawmh 'dk@uawmh oDcsif;oHrsm; qla0ysH@vGifhaewJhtcsdef 1994 ckESpftwGif;rSm usaemfaxmifuvGwfajrmufvmcJhygw,f? axmifuvGwfwJhae@/ &SifvdifjyefwJhae@/ tdrfaxmifuswJhae@awG[m b0rSmtaysmf&GifqHk; umvawGvdk@ qdk&dk;pum;&Sd=uayr,fh axmifuxGufvmwJhae@rSm usaemfhpdwfxJ cHpm;r_ESpfrsdK; a&m¹yGef;aeygw,f? wpfckuawmh axmifuvGwfvm+yD; rdbaqGrsdK;awGeJ@ jyefvnfqHkawG@&rSmrdk@ aysmf&Gifaerdwm&,f/ aemufwpfcku ESpftawmf=umatmif usaemfeJ@twl axmifwGif;wdkufyGJ/ jyifywdkufyGJawGrSm vufwGJwdkufcJh=uwJh &JabmfawGudk tusOf;axmiftwGif; csefxm;&pfcJh&rSm qdkwJhtod/ axmifxJuae+yD; usaemfvGwfajrmufoGm;wmudk E_wfqufvufjyusefcJh=ur,f qdkwJhtodawGa=umifh usaemfh&ifxJrSm 0rf;enf;a=uuGJaewm&,f qdkwJhpdwfcHpm;r_awGygyJ? usaemfh&J@ tdrftjyefc&D;[m +iD;aiG@ysif;&dzG,faumif;vSygw,f?

atmifvHudk c%0if+yD; tJ'DurSwqifh jynfudk c&D;qufygw,f? jynfudkoGm;wJh c&D;wpfav#muf usaemfheHab; wpfzufwpfcsufpDu awmawmifobm0tvSawGudk wpf0}uD;cHpm;+yD; avudktjynfhtodyf &_oGif;vdkufygw,f? wpfae&mu dka&mufawmh xl;qef;wJh jrifuGif;av;wpfckudk awG@vdkuf&w,f? armfawmfum;awGrSm tvHawG wpfvlvlvGifh+yD; oDcsif;awGoH+ydKifoDqdkoGm;=uwJh tjzL/ tpdrf;0wf vlawGtrsm;}uD;yJ jzpfygw,f? usaemfhpdwfxJ wpfrsdK;}uD;yJvdk@ oHo,wpfck0ifoGm;ygw,f? qENjyae=uwmvm;? 'Dvdk tvHawGaxmif/ vlpk+yD;oGm;=uwm bmrsm;ygvdrfhqdk+yD; Za0Z0g jzpfoGm;ygw,f? 'gha=umifh eHab;em;u c&D;onfwpfOD;udk ar;=unfhawmh “ [ . . . cifAsm;rodbl;vm;? }uH@zGwfawGav? e0if;qnfudk avhvma&;oGm;=uwm ” “ a=omf . . . ” qdk+yD; usaemfyg;pyfu a&&Gwfrd&if; rqvacwfu vrf;pOfvli,fawGudk jyefjrifa,mifrd vdkufygw,f? ( c ) xGufawmfrl eef;ucGm+yD usaemftdrfjyefa&mufayr,fh usaemfwdk@ tdrfem;rSm e,fajrcHaxmufvSrf;a&;u t+rJwap apmifh=unfhaeygw,f? usaemfbmrsm; qufv_yf&Sm;rvJqdk+yD; tdrfudk &pfoD&pfoD t+rJ vmvkyfjyefw,f? tajctaebmxl;vJ/ xl;&ifajymOD;aemf/ bmrSr[kwfygbl;uGm/ rif;bmawGvkyfaevJqdkwm od&atmif vrf;}uHKvdk@0ifvmwm pwJh pum;awGeJ@ usaemhftdrfudk t0iftxGuf jyKvkyfaeygawmhw,f? usaemfhrSm axmifuxGufvm+yD; uwnf;u toGm;tvm rvGwfrvyf jzpfvmygw,f? a':atmifqef;pk=unf tus,fcsKyfuae jyefvnfvGwfajrmufvm+yD; aemufydkif; a':pk+cHxJudk usaemfwpfcgrS ra&mufjzpfcJhygbl;? 'gayr,fh tywfpOfvkyfaewJh vlxkw&m;yGJawGudkawmh yHkrSefa&mufjzpfygw,f? usaemfhudk apmifh=unfhaewJh aus;Zl;&SifawGu rsufpdar$;pl;vmyHk &ygw,f? wpf&ufrSmawmh roGm;rjzpfwJh udpPwpfcka=umifh a':atmifqef;pk=unf&J@ +cHxJudk oGm;cJhygw,f? usaemfeJ@ aqGrsdK;vdk&if;ESD;aewJh udkpdeftHk; (trsdK;om;'Drdkua&pD tzGJ@csKyftwGuf AGD'D,dkyHkrSef &dkuful;ay;aeonfholjzpf+yD; ,ckppftpdk;&tusOf;axmiftwGif; axmif'%fESpf&SnfuscHaeol wpfOD;jzpfygonf) ESifhtwl oGm;cJhygw,f? nzufusrS usaemftdrfjyefa&muf jzpfygw,f? usaemf a':pk+cHxJoGm;w,fqdkwm usaemftdrfu vlawGawmifrodao;cif aemufwpfae@ reufrSmyJ tdrfukd axmufvSrf;a&;awG a&mufvmygw,f?

“ rif;bmawGav#mufvkyfaewmvJ? rif;vkyfwmawG tm;vHk; igwdk@odw,f? iguawmh rif;+idrfaeygw,fqdkvdk@ csD;r$rf;aewm ” tdrfudk a&mufvmvmcsif; par;ygawmhw,f? usaemfuvnf; b,frSroGm;a=umif;/ tdrfrSmyJ taersm;a=umif; jyefajymvdkufygw,f? 'gudkolwdk@ rausreyf jzpfoGm;ygw,f? +yD;awmh . . . “ rif;ighudk bmrSrajymeJ@? rif;rae@u b,foGm;w,fqdkwm rif;rajymvJ igwdk@odw,f? at; . . . rif;0efrcH&if &w,f? rif;tdrfudk 0ifxGufae+yD; rif;qDvmaewJh vlta,muf (20)pm&if;udk ighudkay;&r,f? tJ'Dpm&if;udk reufjzefreuf (9)em&DrSm igvdkcsifw,f? rif;b,frS roGm;eJ@? tdrfrSmyJapmifhae? igvmcJhr,f ” vdk@ajym+yD; jyefoGm;ygw,f? usaemfhtdrfuvlawG tm;vHk; a'goxGufukef=uw,f? 'Dvdkvm+yD; csKyfcs,fwm[m w&m;vGefae+yD/ pm&if;ay;p&m rvdkbl;vdk@ tdrfuvlawGu ajymygw,f? aemufwpfaeh reuf (9)em&DrSm axmufvSrf;a&; (2)a,muf a&mufvm+yD; usaemfhqDudkvmwJh tdrfudkt+rJ 0ifxGufaewJh vlta,muf (20)pm&if;udk a&;cdkif;ygw,f? tJ'Dtcsdef usaemfheHab;rSm usaemhf tazeJ@tar &Sdaeygw,f? usaemfu usaemfhtdrfudk vmaewJholawGxJrSm aqGrsdK;/ tdrfeD;em;csif;awGeJ@ rdwfaqGoli,fcsif;tcsdK@om vmwmjzpf+yD; txl;tqef; b,folrSrygwJhtwGuf pm&if;a&;ray;Edkifbl;vdk@ jyefajymvdkufygw,f? tJ'DtcgrSm “ at; . . .&w,f? aqGrsdK;yJjzpfjzpf/ tdrfeD;em;csif;yJjzpfjzpf rif;qDvmwhJ vlrSefor# pm&if;a&;ay; ” vdk@ wif;wif;rmrm cdkif;vmygw,f? usaemfhtazeJ@taru “ 'DudpP armif&ifwdk@ rw&m;wmyJ? udk,fhtdrfvmwJholawGudk pm&if;a&;ay;&wm t"dy`,frSr&SdyJ? rif;wdk@odcsif&if tdrfa&S@u apmifh=unfhaeaygh ”vdk@ ajymawmh axmufvSrf;a&;u . . . “ OD;wdk@ta':wdk@ bmrSrodygbl;? usaemfwdk@ vkyfcsifvdk@r[kwfygbl;? txufu trdef@t&vkyf&wm ” vdk@jyefajymygw,f? +yD;usaemfhzufudkvSnfh+yD; “ a[haumif tcsdefr&Sdbl; ” vdk@vSrf;ajymygw,f? tJ'Daemuf usaemfhtaru vlr_a&;t& vufzuf&nfcGuf vmcsay;ygw,f? tJ'gudk usaemfhtpfudku tdrfcef;xJuaejrifoGm;+yD; a&S@udkxGufvmygw,f? “ 'DaumifawGudk tarbmrS vufzuf&nfwdkufp&mrvdkbl;? 'DaumifawGu {nfhonfawG r[kwfbl;? a[haumif rif;udpPjrefjrefjzwfuGm/ =um&ifjy\emwufvmvdrfhr,f? tdrfvJ usufoa& ,kwfw,f ” qdk+yD; ajymvdkufygw,f? usaemfeJ@ axmufvSrf;a&;eJ@ tjyeftvSeftajctwif jzpfaecsdefrSm usaemfhtdrfom;awGyg ygvmwma=umifh jy\em}uD;xGm;vmEdkifwJh taetxm;udk a&mufvmygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm axmufvSrf;a&;u “aumif;+yD? rif;'DrSmra&;ay;Edkif&if 'dk@awGoD;oef@aqG;aEG;&vdrfhr,f”qdk+yD; t=uyfudkifvmw,f? oD;oef@aqG;aEG;&r,fqdkwJh toHk;tE_H;udk usaemfaumif;aumif;}uD;

oabmayguf ygw,f? 'gha=umifh tdrfuvlawGudk 'DudpPrSm 0ifrajym=uzdk@ usaemf ajymvdkufygw,f? aemufawmh olwdk@odyfvdkcsifaewJh vlta,muf (20)pm&if;ukd EdkifiHa&;eJ@ roufqdkifwJh todkif;t0dkif;xJuae a&;ay;vdkufygw,f? axmufvSrf;a&;awGuawmh olwkd@vdkcsifwm&vdk@ jyefoGm;=uygw,f? aemufydkif;awGrSmvnf; usaemftaeeJ@ tjyifrSm vGwfvGwfvyfvyfaevdk@ r&atmifenf;rsdK;pHkeJ@ xyf+yD; aESmuf,Sufvmjyefygw,f? usaemfeJ@ yufouf+yD; usaemfhtdrfom;awG 'kuQra&mufapcsifwma=umifh axmifusaewkef;u cGJcJh&wJh rdbawGeJ@ xyfrHcGJcGm&zdk@twGuf aemufwpf}udrf usaemftdrfuae xGufvmcJhw,f? 'Dwpfcgawmh usaemfhtrdEdkifiHeJ@ [dk;ta0;}uD;qD . . . . usaemfhcspfwJh &JabmfawGeJ@ ta0;}uD;qD . . . . +yD;awmh usaemfwdk@ jynfolawGeJ@ ta0;}uD;qDodk@ usaemfxGufcGmcJhw,f? aevif; ( t.u.o ) 'DDZifbmv ( 26 )&uf/ 1998ckESpf acwW-befaumuf/ xdkif;EdkifiH