G.R. No. 199082/G.R. No. 199085/G.R. No. 199118. September 18 ...
LTD Spouses Mathay v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 115788, [September 17, 1998]
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Transcript of LTD Spouses Mathay v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 115788, [September 17, 1998]
7/23/2019 LTD Spouses Mathay v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 115788, [September 17, 1998]
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ltd-spouses-mathay-v-court-of-appeals-gr-no-115788-september-17-1998 1/24
P a g e
1
THIRD DIVISION
[G.R. No. 115788. September 17, 1998.]
SPS. SONYA & ISMAEL MATHAY,
JR. , petitioners , vs . HON. COURT OF APPEALS,
SPS. TEODULFO & SYLVIA ATANGAN, SPS.
AGUSTINA & AMOR POBLETE, SPS. EDUARDO
& FELICISIMA TIRONA , respondents .
Elmor P. Orajay for petitioners.
Tinoco Tinoco & Associates collaborating counsel for petitioner.
Franco L. Loyola for private respondents.
SYNOPSIS
The e are three !"# eparate $a e %&e' b( ')*ere+t part)e aga)+ t
the po e So+(a -atha( a+' I mae& -atha(, r. cdasia
/)0)& /a e No. T- 175, %&e' b( Spo e Teo' &2o T. 3ta+ga+ a+'
S)&0)a 4. 3ta+ga+ aga)+ t the -atha( po e a+' the Reg) ter o2
Dee' o2 /a0)te, )+0o&0e' t o par$e& o2 &a+' )t ate' )+ Ta+6a,
/a0)te, $o0ere' b( T/T No. T 195"5 $o0er)+g 4ot No. 18 3, a+'
T/T No. T 195"51, $o0er)+g 4ot No. 18 /, ) e' )+ the +ame o2
the 3ta+ga+ po e . aHTD3$
/)0)& /a e No. T- 18 , %&e' b( Spo e 3g t)+a Pob&ete a+' 3mor
Pob&ete aga)+ t the -atha( po e a+' the Reg) ter o2 Dee' o2
/a0)te, 2or a++ &me+t o2 t)t&e a+' re$o0er( o2 po e )o+, )+0o&0e'
a par$e& o2 &a+' )t ate' )+ Ta+6a, /a0)te, $o0ere' b( T/T No . T
19 5" reg) tere' )+ the +ame o2 a+a :ata&&o+e a+' Ga 'e+$)o
; )m)o per Dee' o2 /o+')t)o+a& Sa&e 'ate' De$ember 8, 1987.
/)0)& /a e No. T- , %&e' b( Spo e <' ar'o a+' =e&)$) )ma
T)ro+a, et al . aga)+ t the -atha( po e 2or > )et)+g o2 t)t&e,
a++ &me+t o2 t)t&e a+' re$o0er( o2 po e )o+ )th 'amage ,
)+0o&0e' a par$e& o2 &a+' h)$h a b')0)'e' )+to e)ght &ot .
32ter tr)a& o+ the mer)t , the &o er $o rt re+'ere' a 'e$) )o+ )+
2a0or o2 the -atha( po e aga)+ t the p&a)+t)* )+ the three
$o+ o&)'ate' $a e . O+ appea&, the /o rt o2 3ppea& re0er e' the
'e$) )o+ o2 the &o er $o rt. He+$e, the )+ ta+t pet)t)o+. TaDS/3
Pet)t)o+er , the -atha( po e , $&a)me' that the( ere b (er )+
goo' 2a)th, a the)r t)t&e, T/T No. 111 7 , the 'er )0at)0e t)t&e o2 the)r
T/T T 11" ?7, appeare' to be 2ree 2 rom a+( e+$ mbra+$e@ that a
per o+ 'ea&)+g o+ a reg) tere' &a+' ma( a2e&( re&( o+ the
$orre$t+e o2 the $o0er)+g $ert)%$ate o2 t)t&e a+' ) +ot re> )re' to
go be(o+' the $ert)%$ate o2 t)t&e to 'eterm)+e the $o+')t)o+ o2 the
propert(.
The S preme /o r t he&' that pet)t)o+er $a++ot be $ategor)6e' a
p r$ha er )+ goo' 2a)th. Pr)or to the 2e+$)+g o2 the bAe$t &a+',
7/23/2019 LTD Spouses Mathay v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 115788, [September 17, 1998]
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P a g e
+e)ther the Spo e -atha( +or the)r pre'e$e or )+ )+tere t e0er
po e e' the &a+'. 3t the t)me the propert( a o&' to
pet)t)o+er , the pr)0ate re po+'e+t ere +ot o+&( )+ a$t a&
po e )o+ o2 the ame b t a& o b )&t the)r ho e thereo+,
$ &t)0ate' )t a+' ere )+ 2 && e+Ao(me+t o2 the pro' $e a+' 2r )t
gathere' there2rom. Not be)+g )++o$e+t p r$ha er 2or 0a& e,
pet)t)o+erB re&)a+$e o+ 3rt)$&e 15?? o2 the Ne /)0)& /o'e )
m) p&a$e' a the 'o$ me+t 2rom h)$h the)r t)t&e ema+ate' ere
> e t)o+ab&e.
The $)r$ m ta+$e rro +')+g the eCe$ t)o+ o2 the Dee' o2
3b o& te Sa&e o2 the propert( )+ 2a0or o2 the pet)t)o+er po e b(
the)r pre'e$e or )+ )+tere t be$&o 'e' the ) a+$e o2 the t)t&e,
T/T No. 11" ?7. The a)' Dee' ')' +ot $omp&( )th &ega&
2orma&)t)e a+' a +ot ' &( +otar)6e'. To bo& ter the)r bm) )o+
that the)r t)t&e ) ge+ )+e a+' a the+t)$, pr)0ate re po+'e+t
)+tro' $e' e0era& 'o$ me+tar( e0)'e+$e a+' a& o pre e+te'
o $)a& $o+$er+e' a+' the $aretaEer o2 the a)' 'o$ me+t . O+
the other ha+', pet)t)o+er tter&( 2a)&e' to ') $harge the b r'e+ o2
pro0)+g the ta)+ab)&)t( o2 the)r po t re. For e, the t)t&e o2 the)r
pre'e$e or )+ )+tere t re&)e' po+ b( pet)t)o+er ha bee+ ho +
b( prepo+'era+$e o2 e0)'e+$e to be the pro' $t o2 2orger(. <DISa3
'gme+t a rme'.
SYLLABUS
1. /IVI4 43F@ SP</I34 /ONTR3/TS@ S34<@ P R/H3S<R IN GOOD
=3ITH@ /ONSTR <D. 3 p r$ha er )+ goo' 2a)th a+' 2or 0a& e )
'e%+e' a o+e ho b ( propert( o2 a+other, )tho t +ot)$e that
ome other per o+ ha a r)ght to, or )+tere t )+, $h propert( a+'
pa( a 2 && a+' 2a)r pr)$e 2or the ame at the t)me o2 $h p r$ha e,
or be2ore he ha +ot)$e o2 the $&a)m or )+tere t o2 ome other
per o+ )+ the propert(. 3 a r &e, he ho a ert the tat o2 a
p r$ha er )+ goo' 2a)th a+' 2or 0a& e, ha the b r'e+ o2 pro0)+g
$h a ert)o+. Th) onus probandi $a++ot be ') $harge' b( mere
)+0o$at)o+ o2 the &ega& pre mpt)o+ o2 goo' 2a)th, i.e ., that
e0er(o+e ) pre me' to a$t )+ goo' 2a)th.
. ID.@ ID.@ ID.@ ID.@ =3I4 R< O= PROSP</TIV< : J<R TO T3K< S /H
PR</3 TION3RJ ST<PS FO 4D -<3N N<G4IG<N/< ON HIS P3RT
3ND FO 4D TH<R<:J PR</4 D< HI- =RO- /43I-ING OR
INVOKING TH< RIGHT O= 3 P R/H3S<R IN GOOD =3ITH. Here,
pet)t)o+er $a++ot be $ategor)6e' a p r$ha er )+ goo' 2a)th. Pr)or
to the 2e+$)+g o2 bAe$t &a+', +e)ther the( !-atha( # +or the)r
pre'e$e or )+ )+tere t ! Banayo and Pugay # e0er po e e' the
ame. I+ 2a$t, at the t)me the a)' propert( a o&' to pet)t)o+er ,
the pr)0ate re po+'e+t ere +ot o+&( )+ a$t a& po e )o+ o2 the
ame b t a& o b )&t the)r ho e thereo+, $ &t)0ate' )t a+' ere )+
2 && e+Ao(me+t o2 the pro' $e a+' 2r )t gathere' there2rom.
3&tho gh )t ) a re$og+)6e' pr)+$)p&e that a per o+ 'ea&)+g o+ a
reg) tere' &a+' +ee' +ot go be(o+' )t $ert)%$ate o2 t)t&e, )t ) a& o a
%rm&( ett&e' r &e that here there are $)r$ m ta+$e h)$h o &'
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P a g e
"p t a part( o+ g ar' a+' prompt h)m to )+0e t)gate or )+ pe$t the
proper t( be)+g o&' to h)m, $h a the pre e+$e o2
o$$ pa+t Lte+a+t thereo+, )t ) , o2 $o r e, eCpe$te' 2rom the
p r$ha er o2 a 0a& e' p)e$e o2 &a+' to )+> )re %r t )+to the tat or
+at re o2 po e )o+ o2 the o$$ pa+t , i.e ., hether or +ot the
o$$ pa+t po e the &a+' en concepto de due o , )+ $o+$ept o2
o +er. 3 ) the $ommo+ pra$t)$e )+ the rea& e tate )+' tr(, a+
o$ &ar )+ pe$t)o+ o2 the prem) e )+0o&0e' ) a a2eg ar' a $a t)o
a+' pr 'e+t p r$ha er a&&( taEe . Sho &' he %+' o t that the
&a+' he )+te+' to b ( ) o$$ p)e' b( a+(bo'( e& e other tha+ the
e&&er ho, a )+ th) $a e, ) +ot )+ a$t a& po e )o+, )t o &' the+
be )+$ mbe+t po+ the p r$ha er to 0er)2( the eCte+t o2 the
o$$ pa+tB po e or( r)ght . The 2a)& re o2 a pro pe$t)0e b (er to
taEe $h pre$a t)o+ar( tep o &' mea+ +eg&)ge+$e o+ h) part
a+' o &' thereb( pre$& 'e h)m 2rom $&a)m)+g or )+0oE)+g the
r)ght o2 a p r$ha er )+ goo' 2a)th. 3<D$IH
". ID.@ ID.@ ID.@ ID.@ PR<=<R<NTI34 RIGHT IS PR<-IS<D ON GOOD
=3ITH. /o+ e> e+t&(, +ot be)+g )++o$e+t p r$ha er 2or 0a& e,
)th)+ &ega& $o+temp&at)o+, pet)t)o+er B re&)a+$e o+ 3rt)$&e 15?? o2
the Ne /)0)& /o'e ) m) p&a$e'. S $h ta+$e o2 the)r &a$E &ega&
a+' 2a$t a& ba ) . The 2 +'ame+ta& prem) e o2 pre2ere+t)a& r)ght
+'er the &a ) good fait! . V)e e' )+ proper per pe$t)0e, e
pho&' the %+')+g b( the /o rt o2 3ppea& that the pet)t)o+er
$a++ot )+0oEe 3rt. 15?? o2 the /)0)& /o'e )+ 0)e o2 the
> e t)o+ab&e 'o$ me+t 2rom h)$h the)r t)t&e ema+ate'. 3 the
/o rt o2 3ppea& rat)o$)+ate'M Fe th)+E the app&)$ab&e r &e a
tate' )+ Balta"ar vs. #ourt of Appeals , No. 4 787 8, De$ember 8,
1988, 1 8 S/R3 ""?, ) that a bet ee+ t o per o+ both o2 hom
are )+ goo' 2a)th a+' both )++o$e+t o2 a+( +eg&)ge+$e, the &a m t
prote$t a+' pre2er the &a 2 & ho&'er o2 reg) tere' t)t&e o0er the
tra+ 2eree o2 a 0e+'or bere2t o2 a+( tra+ m) )b&e r)ght . +'er the
2orego)+g pr)+$)p&e 'er)0e' 2rom the abo0e $a e &a , the -atha(
ha0e +o r)ght a aga)+ t p&a)+t)* appe&&a+t , the)r re$o r e )
aga)+ t p&a)+t)* appe&&a+t , the)r re$o r e ) aga)+ t the)r 0e+'or
:a+a(o a+' P ga(. The a2ore a)' r &)+g o2 the /o rt o2 3ppea&
a$$or' )th the 4at)+ maC)mM nemo potest plus juris ad alium
transferre $uam ipse !abet . No o+e $a+ tra+ 2er a greater r)ght to
a+other tha+ he h)m e&2 ha . Th , )+ #alalang vs. %egister of
eeds of 'ue"on #ity , th) /o rt he&'M Nee'&e to tate, a&&
b e> e+t $ert)%$ate o2 t)t&e )+$& ')+g pet)t)o+erB t)t&e are 0o)'
be$a e o2 the &ega& tr ) m that t!e spring cannot rise !ig!er t!an
its source . The &a m t prote$t a+' pre2er the &a 2 & o +er o2
reg) tere' t)t&e o0er the tra+ 2eree o2 a 0e+'or bere2t o2 a+(
tra+ m) )b&e r)ght . I+ m, 'e2e$t)0e t)t&e $a++ot be phe&'
aga)+ t the +b&em) he' t)t&e o2 the pr)0ate re po+'e+t .
?. ID.@ 43ND R<GISTR3TION@ /<RTI=I/3T< O= TIT4<@ NOT
/ON/4 SIV< <VID<N/< O= TIT4< I= IT IS SHOFN TH3T TH< S3-<
43ND H3D 34R<3DJ :<<N R<GIST<R<D 3ND 3N <3R4I<R
/<RTI=I/3T< =OR TH< S3-< IS IN < IST<N/<. Pet)t)o+er 2 rther
bm)t that re> )r)+g them to )+> )re be(o+' the 2a$e o2 the
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P a g e
?torre+ t)t&e 'e2eat the pr)mor')a& obAe$t)0e o2 the torre+ ( tem,
h)$h ) that a per o+ 'ea&)+g o+ reg) tere' &a+' ha the r)ght to
re&( o+ the torre+ t)t&e. : t a $ert)%$ate ) +ot $o+$& )0e e0)'e+$e
o2 t)t&e )2 )t ) ho + that the ame &a+' ha' a&rea'( bee+ reg) tere'
a+' a+ ear&)er $ert)%$ate 2or the ame ) )+ eC) te+$e. I+ the $a e
at bar, a bor+e o t b( pert)+e+t re$or' , the pr)0ate re po+'e+t
obta)+e' the)r r)ght a+' t)t&e 2rom T/T No. T 858 , h)$h a
reg) tere' o+ 3 g t 9, 197 +'er the +ame o2 He)r o2 O+o2re
:ata&&o+e a+' Patro+)&&o ; )m)o. O+ the part o2 pet)t)o+er , the)r
ppo e' t)t&e or)g)+ate' 2rom a p r)o t)t&e o2 Pe'ro :a+a(o a+'
Pab&o P ga( )&&ega&&( reg) tere' o+ =ebr ar( 8, 198 . So a& o,
here t o transfer $ert)%$ate o2 t)t&e ha0e bee+ ) e' o+ ')*ere+t
'ate , to t o ')*ere+t per o+ , 2or the ame par$e& o2 &a+', e0e+ )2
both are pre me' to be t)t&e ho&'er )+ goo' 2a)th, )t 'oe +ot
+e$e ar)&( 2o&&o that he ho ho&' the ear&)er t)&e ho &' pre0a)&.
O+ the a mpt)o+ that there a reg &ar)t( )+ the reg) trat)o+
&ea')+g to the e0e+t a& ) a+$e o2 bAe$t tra+ 2er $ert)%$ate o2
t)t&e, the better approa$h ) to tra$e the original $ert)%$ate 2rom
h)$h the $ert)%$ate o2 t)t&e )+ ') p te ere 'er)0e'. Sho &' there
be o+&( o+e $ommo+ original $ert)%$ate o2 t)t&e, a )+ th) $a e
+'er $o+ )'erat)o+, the transfer $ert)%$ate ) e' o+ a+ ear&)er
'ate a&o+g the &)+e m t pre0a)&, ab e+t a+( a+oma&( or )rreg &ar)t(
ta)+t)+g the pro$e o2 reg) trat)o+. T<a$S3
D E C I S I O N
PURISIMA , ( p M
3t bar ) a Pet)t)o+ 2or Re0)e o+ /ert)orar) +'er R &e ?5 o2 the
Re0) e' R &e o2 /o rt, eeE)+g to et a )'e the De$) )o+ 1 o2 the
/o rt o2 3ppea& 2 'ate' No0ember 18, 199" )+ /3 G.R. /V No."79 , re0er )+g the De$) )o+ 3 'ate' -ar$h " , 199 )+ /)0)& /a e
No . T- 175, 18 a+' o2 :ra+$h ", 4 Reg)o+a& Tr)a& /o rt o2
Tre$e -art)re /)t(, Pro0)+$e o2 /a0)te.
The a+te$e'e+t 2a$t h)$h ga0e r) e to pr)0ate re po+'e+t B
$omp&a)+t are mmar)6e' )+ the De$) )o+ o2 the &o er $o rt, a
2o&&o M$'&&
#ivil #ase )o . T*+,- e+t)t&e' Spo e Teo' &2o
T. 3ta+ga+ a+' S)&0)a [ )$] 4. 3ta+ga+ 0 . Spo e
So+(a -atha( a+' I mae& -atha(, r., a+' the
Reg) ter o2 Dee' o2 /a0)te, )+0o&0e ! # ! )$#
par$e& o2 &a+' )t ate' )+ Ta+6a, /a0)te, $o0ere'
b( Tra+ 2er /ert)%$ate o2 T)t&e No . T 195"5$o0er)+g 4ot No. 18 3, ) e' b( the O $e o2 the
Reg) ter o2 Dee' o2 /a0)te )+ the +ame o2 Spo e
Teo' &2o T. 3ta+ga+ a+' S)&0)a ! )$# 4. 3ta+ga+, a+'
T/T No. T 195"51, $o0er)+g 4ot No. 18 /, ) e'
)+ the +ame o2 S)&0)a [ )$] 4. 3ta+ga+ a+' Teo' &2o
T. 3ta+ga+, o+ &( ?, 1985.
P43INTI==S a&&ege thatM
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P a g e
51# The( are the reg) tere' o +er o2 t o ! # par$e&
o2 &a+' )t ate' )+ Ta+6a, /a0)te ha0)+g p r$ha e'
the ame 2rom Spo e Toma 4 $)'o a+'
< ta> )a V)&&a+ e0a a e0)'e+$e' b( a Dee' o2
Sa&e@ # the( ere ) e' T/T No . T 195"5 a+' T
195"51@ "# the 0e+'or , po e Toma 4 $)'o a+'
< ta> )a V)&&a+a e0a ere a& o ) e' T/T No . T
19 5 7 a+' T 19 5 9 b( the Reg) ter o2 Dee' o2
/a0)te, h)$h ere $a+$e&&e' )+ 2a0or o2 the
p&a)+t)* @ ?# 0e+'or B t)t&e h)$h ere tra+ 2erre'
to p&a)+t)* ere obta)+e' b( 0)rt e o2 the 'e$) )o+
)+ /)0)& /a e No. N/ 7 9 e+t)t&e' Toma 4 $)'o 0 .
a+a O+ate :ata&&o+e a+' Petro+)&&a /. ; )m)o,
D)re$tor o2 4a+' , a+' Reg) ter ! )$# o2 Dee' o2
/a0)te@ 5# the he)r o2 O+o2re :ata&&o+e a+'
Norberto ; )m)o are the 0e+'ee o2 the a)' &a+'
2rom the : rea o2 4a+' a e0)'e+$e' b( a
/ert)%$at)o+ ) e' b( 3'e& ) a P. O+ga, ! )$#
Re$or' O $er o2 the D) tr)$t 4a+' O $e o2 Tre$e
-art)re /)t(@ # the a&e o2 the a)' par$e& o2 &a+'
2rom the : rea o2 4a+' )+ 2a0or o2 the he)r o2
:ata&&o+e a+' ; )m)o a a& o e0)'e+$e' b( a
Dee' o2 /o+0e(a+$e ' &( ) e' b( : rea o2
4a+' @ 7# 2rom the t)me the( obta)+e' t)t&e o2 the
t o par$e& o2 &a+' [the(] ha0e taEe+ po e )o+
a+' pa)' the $orre po+')+g rea&t( propert( taCe @
8# 'e2e+'a+t ha0e e+$&o e' a port)o+ o2 a)'
propert( )th a 2e+$e a+' o$$ p)e' ",9 > are
meter )tho t the $o+ e+t a+' )&& o2 p&a)+t)* @ 9#
p&a)+t)* ha0e &ear+e' that 'e2e+'a+t a 0e+'ee
ha0e a& o ) e' t)t&e $o0er)+g the ame &a+' )+ the
+ame o2 the p&a)+t)* +'er T/T No. T 11" ?7@ 1 #
the t)t&e ) e' to 'e2e+'a+t a ! )$# the pro' $t
o2 2orger( be$a e )t a ba e' o+ a+ a&&ege' T/T
No. T "??? )+ 2a0or o2 Pe'ro :a+a(o a+' Pab&o
P ga( o2 Tre$e -art)re /)t( ho ha0e +o r)ght
hat oe0er o+ the rea& e tate )+ > e t)o+@ 11# po+
)+0e t)gat)o+, )t a $ert)%e' b( the : rea o2
4a+' that the a)' t)t&e ere 2a& )%e' a+' 2orge'
be$a e a&&ege' Dee' No. V 1 918 a ) e' to
o+e a$E /. /a&&a'o 2or 4ot 18, :&o$E 5 , Ta&a < tate
)t ate' )+ /a&oo$a+ /)t( a+' there a +o re$or'
)+ the : rea o2 4a+' that Dee' No. V 1 918 a
) e' 2or 4ot 88 , S./. -a&abo+ < tate, /a0)te )+
2a0or o2 Pe'ro :a+a(o a+' Pab&o P ga( 2rom hom
'e2e+'a+t ha0e a&&ege'&( a$> )re' t)t&e o0er the
a)' propert(@ 1 # $o+ )'er)+g that the t)t&e o2 the
'e2e+'a+t ha0e +o ba ) )+ &a a+' 2a$t a+' that
the ame a )&&ega&&(, +&a 2 &&( a+' ma&)$)o &(
) e' b( the Reg) ter o2 Dee' o+ the ba ) o2
2orge' a+' 2a& )%e' a+' +o+e [ )$] eC) t)+g
'o$ me+t a ba ) 2or the ) a+$e thereo2, the
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P a g e
ame ma( be $a+$e&&e' a+' 'e2e+'a+t ha0e +o
r)ght to taEe po e )o+ o2 the rea& propert)e
thereo+ )+$& ')+g the port)o+ perta)+)+g to the
here)+ p&a)+t)* $o+ ) t)+g o2 ",8 > are
meter , more or &e @ 1"# )+ 0)e o2 ba' 2a)th,
)&&ega& a+' +&a 2 & a$t at)o+ o2 the 'e2e+'a+t )+
obta)+)+g t)t&e o0er the propert( )+ > e t)o+ thr
2orge' a+' 2a& )%e' 'o$ me+t , p&a)+t)* *ere'
&eep&e +)ght , a+C)et(, me+ta& a+g ) h 2or h)$h
the( are e+t)t&e' to $&a)m 2or mora& 'amage )+ the
m o2 P1 , . @ 1?# 'e p)te repeate'
'ema+' 2rom the p&a)+t)* 2or the 'e2e+'+at ! )$#
to 'e ) t 2rom e+$&o )+g the t)t&e' propert( )th a
2e+$e, the &atter )tho t a+( &a 2 & r)ght )+ ) te'
a+' a$t a&&( $&o e' the)r propert( )th a 2e+$e,
$a )+g )rreparab&e 'amage a+' preA ')$e to the
p&a)+t)* @ 15# )+ 0)e o2 the )&&ega&, +&a 2 &,
ma&)$)o a+' ba' 2a)th o2 the 'e2e+'a+t a+' )+
') regar' o2 the r)ght o2 the p&a)+t)* , the &atter
are $o+ tra)+e' to h)re the er0)$e o2 $o + e& 2or
h)$h the( agree' to pa( the m o2 P5 , . )+
a'')t)o+ to the appeara+$e 2ee o2 P5 . e0er(
hear)+g o2 th) $a e.
CCC CCC CCC
I+0o&0e' )+ /)0)& /a e No. T- 18 e+t)t&e' Sp .
3g t)+a Pob&ete a+' 3mor Pob&ete 0 . Sp . So+(a
-atha( a+' I mae& -atha(, r., a+' the Reg) ter o2
Dee' o2 /a0)te 2or 3++ &me+t o2 T)t&e a+'
Re$o0er( o2 Po e )o+, ) a par$e& o2 &a+' )t ate'
)+ Ta+6a, /a0)te, $o0ere' b( Tra+ 2er /ert)%$ate o2
T)t&e No . T 19 5" reg) tere' )+ the +ame o2 a+a
:ata&&o+e a+' Ga 'e+$)o ; )m)o h)$h a
a&&ege'&( o&' to the here)+ p&a)+t)*, a per Dee'
o2 /o+')t)o+a& Sa&e 'ate' De$ember 8, 1987.
P43INTI==S a&&ege thatM
1# P&a)+t)* are the reg) tere' o +er o2 a par$e& o2
&a+' )t ate' )+ Ta+6a, /a0)te ha0)+g p r$ha e' the
ame 2rom a+a :ata&&o+e a+' Ga 'e+$)o ; )m)o
2or them e&0e a+' o+ beha&2 o2 the)r $o he)r a
e0)'e+$e' b( Dee' o2 Sa&e@
# P&a)+t)* pre'e$e or )+ )+tere t ere ' &(
) e' /ert)%$ate o2 T)t&e No. T 19 5" @
"# a)' 0e+'ee ho e t)t&e a2ore a)' a
tra+ 2erre' )+ 2a0or o2 the p&a)+t)* ha0e obta)+e'
the t)t&e b( 0)rt e o2 the 'e$) )o+ b( the+ /o rt o2
=)r t I+ ta+$e o2 Na)$, /a0)te )+ /)0)& /a e No. N/
7 9 e+t)t&e' Toma 4 $)'o 0er a+a O+ate
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P a g e
7:ata&&o+e a+' Petro+)&&a ;. ; )m)o, D)re$tor o2
4a+' , the Reg) ter o2 Dee' o2 /a0)te@
?# the he)r o2 O+o2re :ata&&o+e a+' -o'e ta
; )m)o are the 0e+'ee o2 the &a+' 2rom the
: rea o2 4a+' a e0)'e+$e' b( a /ert)%$at)o+
) e' b( 3'e& ) a P. O+g, Re$or' O $er o2 the
D) tr)$t 4a+' O $e o2 Tre$e -art)re /)t(@
5# the a&e o2 the a)' par$e& o2 &a+' 2rom the
: rea o2 4a+' )+ 2a0or o2 the he)r o2 :ata&&o+e
a+' ; )m)o a a& o e0)'e+$e' b( a Dee' o2
/o+0e(a+$e ' &( ) e' b( the : rea o2 4a+' @
# p&a)+t)* ha0e taEe+ po e )o+ thereo2@
7# 'e2e+'a+t ha0e e+$&o e' a port)o+ o2 a)'
propert( )th a 2e+$e a+' o$$ p)e' 11?,987 > are
meter thereo2 )tho t the $o+ e+t a+' aga)+ t the
)&& o2 p&a)+t)* @
8# p&a)+t)* ha0e &ear+e' that 'e2e+'a+t a
0e+'ee ha0e bee+ a& o ) e' Tra+ 2er /ert)%$ate
o2 T)t&e $o0er)+g the ame &a+' t)t&e' )+ the +ame o2
the p&a)+t)* +'er T/T No. T11 ?7@
9# the t)t&e ) e' to 'e2e+'a+t a the pro' $t o2
2orger( be$a e )t a ba e' o+ a+ a&&ege' T/T No.
T 111 7 )+ 2a0or o2 Pe'ro :a+a(o a+' Pab&o P ga(
o2 Tre$e -art)re /)t( ho ha0e +o r)ght
hat oe0er o+ the rea& e tate )+ > e t)o+@
1 # po+ )+0e t)gat)o+ )t a $ert)%e' b( the
: rea o2 4a+' that the a)' t)t&e a 2a& )%e' a+'
2orge' be$a e a&&ege' Dee' No. V 1 918 a
) e' to o+e a+a /. /o&&a'o 2or 4ot 18, :&o$E 5 ,
Ta&a < tate )t ate' )+ /a&oo$a+ /)t( a+' that there
a ! )$# +o re$or' )+ the : rea o2 4a+' that
Dee' No. 1 918 a ) e' 4ot 88 , S./. -a&abo+
< tate, /a0)te )+ 2a0or o2 Pe'ro :a+a(o a+' Pab&o
P ga( to hom 'e2e+'a+t ha0e a&&ege'&( a$> )re'
t)t&e o0er the a)' propert(@
11# $o+ )'er)+g that the t)t&e o2 the 'e2e+'a+t
ha0e ! )$# +o ba ) )+ &a a+' )+ 2a$t a+' that the
ame a )&&ega&&(, +&a 2 &&( a+' ma&)$)o &(
) e' b( the Reg) ter o2 Dee' o+ the ba ) o2
2orge' a+' 2a& )%e' a+' +o+e [ )$] eC) t)+g
'o$ me+t a ba ) 2or ) a+$e thereo2, the amema( be $a+$e&&e' a+' 'e2e+'a+t ha0e +o r)ght to
taEe po e )o+ o2 the rea& propert( thereo+
)+$& ')+g the port)o+ perta)+)+g to the here)+
p&a)+t)* $o+ ) t)+g o2 11?,987 > are meter more
or &e , a)' t)t&e $reate $&o ' o+ the t)t&e o2
p&a)+t)* a+' b( the)r pre'e$e or )+ )+tere t a+'
a $h p&a)+t)* $o &' +ot 'ea& o+ a)' propert(
7/23/2019 LTD Spouses Mathay v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 115788, [September 17, 1998]
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P a g e
8a+' $omp&ete tra+ a$t)o+ thereto, thereb(
)rreparab&e 'amage ! )$#@
1 # a a re &t o2 the )&&ega&, +&a 2 &, +A t a+'
ma&)$)o a$t at)o+ o2 the 'e2e+'a+t , p&a)+t)*
ere 'epr)0e' o2 the e o2 the a)' par$e& o2 &a+'
+&a 2 &&( a+' )&&ega&&( o$$ p)e' b( them a+' the(
2a)&e' to )+tro' $e the +e$e ar( )mpro0eme+t
thereo+ a+' 2or h)$h the( *ere' 'amage )+ the
amo +t o2 +ot &e tha+ P5 , . @
1"# )+ 0)e o2 the ba' 2a)th, )&&ega& a+' +&a 2 &
a$t at)o+ o2 the 'e2e+'a+t )+ obta)+)+g t)t&e o0erthe propert( [, p&a)+t)* ] *ere' 2rom &eep&e
+)ght , a+C)et(, me+ta& a+g ) h 2or h)&e ! )$# the(
are a& o e+t)t&e' to $&a)m 2or mora& 'amage )+ the
m o2 P1 , . @
1?# 'e p)te repeate' 'ema+' 2rom the p&a)+t)*
2or the 'e2e+'a+t to 'e ) t 2rom e+$&o )+g the
t)t&e' propert( )th a 2e+$e, the &atter )tho t a+(
&a 2 & r)ght )+ ) te' a+' a$t a&&( e+$&o e' the)r
propert( )th a 2e+$e, $a )+g )rreparab&e 'amage
a+' preA ')$e to the p&a)+t)* @
15# )+ 0)e o2 the )&&ega&, +&a 2 &, ma&)$)o a+'
ba' 2a)th o2 'e2e+'a+t a+' ') regar' o2 the r)ght
o2 the p&a)+t)* , the &atter are $o+ tra)+e' to h)re
the er0)$e o2 $o + e& 2or h)$h the( agree' to
pa( the m o2 P5 , . )+ a'')t)o+ to
appeara+$e o2 P5 . e0er( hear)+g o2 th)
$a e@ 5
CCC CCC CCC
I+ #ivil #ase )o . T*+/01 e+t)t&e' Spo e <' ar'o
a+' =e&)$) )ma T)ro+a, et a&., 0 . Spo e So+)a ! )$#
-atha(, et a&., 2or ; )et)+g o2 T)t&e, 3++ &me+t o2
T)t&e a+' Re$o0er( o2 Po e )o+ )th Damage,
et$.
P43INTI==S, a&&ege thatM
"# o+ De$ember "1, 1985, Spo e :o+)2a$)o -ota
a+' &)a+a -ota bo ght a par$e& o2 &a+' )t ate'
at ! )$# Ta+6a, /a0)te E+o + a 4ot 18 : o2 P
? 189 , $o+ta)+)+g a+ area o2 18,9?" > are
meter $o0ere' b( Tra+ 2er o2 ! )$# /ert)%$ate o2
T)t&e No. T 19 5" o2 the Reg) tr( o2 Dee' o2 /a0)te 2rom Da0)' ; )m)o a e0)'e+$e' b( a Dee'
o2 3b o& te Sa&e@
?# Spo e :o+)2a$)o -ota a+' &)a+a -ota
) e' T/T No. T "7" b( the Reg) ter o2 Dee'
o2 /a0)te@
7/23/2019 LTD Spouses Mathay v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 115788, [September 17, 1998]
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P a g e
95# Ve+'or Da0)' ; )m)o, Sr., et a&., are the
pre0)o reg) tere' o +er o2 a)' par$e& o2 &a+' a
e0)'e+$e' b( T/T No. T 19 5" @
# Ve+'or Da0)' ; )m)o, Sr., ho e t)t&e a
tra+ 2erre' to -ota ha0e obta)+e' r)ght a+'
)+tere t thereo+ 2rom the)r pre'e$e or ho ere
0e+'ee 2rom the : rea o2 4a+' h)$h a
$o+%rme' )+ the De$) )o+ o2 the+ /o rt o2 =)r t
I+ ta+$e o2 /a0)te )+ /)0)& /a e No. 8 9 e+t)t&e'
Toma 4 $)'o 0er a+a :ata&&o+e a+' Petro+)&a; )m)o, et a&., ) e' o+ a+ ar( " , 1981@
7# a)' par$e& o2 &a+' a b')0)'e' +'er P ?
17 " )+to e)ght &ot a e0)'e+$e' b( S b ')0) )o+
P&a+@ ! )$#
8# p&a)+t)* bo ght the b')0)'e' &ot 2rom -ota
)+ goo' 2a)th, a+' ) e' Tra+ 2er /ert)%$ate o2 T)t&e b( the O $e o2 the Reg) ter o2 Dee' o2
/a0)te, a 2o&&o M
N3-< 4OT T/T NO. 3R<3
1. Sp . <' ar'o 18 D "7 8 ", >. m.
=e&)$) )ma T)ro+a 18 D 1 "7 " 7?1 >. m.
. So&e'a' -ota Sp . 18 D 8 78 ",? 9 >. m.
Ig+a$)o Sa+ o e
4 $)&a Sa+ o e 18 D 8 78 1,591 >. m.
". 3+a+)a /er0a+)a 18 D " "7 5 ,5 >. m.
?. R)$ar'o -a&aba+a+ 18 D ? "7 ,5 >. m.
5. P&o$er%+a Ta+(ag 18 D "7 ? 7 >. m.
. R perta :arto&ome 18 D 5: 55 >. m.
18 D 5/ 7 7 >. m.
18 D 5D 8 7 >. m.
18 D 3 5 55 >. m.
9# p&a)+t)* are the o+e ! )$# pa()+g the
$orre po+')+g rea& propert( taCe thereo+ a+'
ere ) e' $orre po+')+g taC 'e$&arat)o+ b( the
O $e o2 the Pro0)+$)a& 3 e or o2 /a0)te@
1 # p&a)+t)* ha0e $ome to E+o that 'e2e+'a+t
Spo e So+)a ! )$# -atha( a+' I mae& -atha(, r.ha0e e+$&o e' amo+g other a)' rea& propert)e o2
the p&a)+t)* )th a 2e+$e a+' tooE ph( )$a&
po e )o+ thereo2 )tho t the E+o &e'ge a+'
$o+ e+t o2 the p&a)+t)* @
11# p&a)+t)* ha0e &ear+e' a& o that 'e2e+'a+t
ha0e a& o ) e' Tra+ 2er /ert)%$ate o2 T)t&e
$o0er)+g amo+g other the ame &a+' t)t&e' )+ the
7/23/2019 LTD Spouses Mathay v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 115788, [September 17, 1998]
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P a g e
1 +ame o2 the p&a)+t)* +'er Tra+ 2er /ert)%$ate o2
T)t&e No. T11" ?7@ $'a )a
1 # the t)t&e ) e' to 'e2e+'a+t a the pro' $t
o2 2orger( be$a e )t a ba e' o+ a+ a&&ege'
Tra+ 2er o2 /ert)%$ate o2 T)t&e No. "??? )+ 2a0or o2
Pe'ro :a+a(o a+' Pab&o P ga( o2 Tre$e -art)re
/)t( ho ha0e +o r)ght hat oe0er o+ the rea&
e tate )+ > e t)o+ a+' ho ha0e bee+ )+ pr)or
ph( )$a& po e )o+ thereo2, a $h a)' t)t&e )
0o)' ab )+)t)o@
1"# po+ )+0e t)gat)o+, )t a $ert)%e' b( the: rea o2 4a+' that the a)' t)t&e ere ba e' o+
2a& )%e' a+' 2orge' 'o$ me+t be$a e a&&ege'
Dee' No. V 1 918 h)$h a the ba ) 2or the
) a+$e thereo2, a ) e' to o+e a$E /. Ga&&a'o
2or 4ot 18, :&o$E 5 , Ta&a < tate )t ate' )+
/a&oo$a+ /)t( a+' that there a +o re$or' )+ the
: rea o2 4a+' that Dee' No. V 1 918 a ) e'2or 4ot 88 , S./. -a&abo+ < tate, /a0)te )+ 2a0or o2
Pe 'ro :a+a(o a+' Pab&o P ga( to hom
'e2e+'a+t ha0e a&&ege'&( a$> )re' t)t&e o0er the
a)' propert(@
1?# the t)t&e o2 the 'e2e+'a+t ha0e +o ba ) )+ &a
a+' )+ 2a$t a+' that the ame a )&&ega&&(,
+&a 2 &&( a+' ma&)$)o &( ) e' b( the Reg) ter o2
Dee' o2 /a0)te o+ the ba ) o2 2orge' a+' 2a& )%e'
a+' +o+e [ )$] eC) t)+g 'o$ me+t @
15# a)' Tra+ 2er /ert)%$ate o2 T)t&e ere )&&ega&&(
a+' +&a 2 &&( ) e' )tho t ba ) )+ 2a0or o2
'e2e+'a+t -atha( a+' the)r pre'e$e or )+
)+tere t, $reat)+g a $&o ' o+ the t)t&e o2 the
p&a)+t)* a+' a $h ma( be 'e$&are' + && a+'
0o)'@
1 # p&a)+t)* ha0e the r)ght to eC$& 'e 'e2e+'a+t
-atha( 2rom the)r e+Ao(me+t o2 the)r propert( a+'
$o+ )'er)+g that a)' 'e2e+'a+t ha0e bee+ ' &()+2orme' o2 the 'e2e$t a+' + &&)t( o2 the)r t)t&e (et
the( )+ ) te' a+' $o+t)+ e to )+ ) t )+ the
e+Ao(me+t o2 the r)ght 2rom a 0o)' t)t&e@
17# a a re &t o2 the )&&ega&, +&a 2 &, +A t a+'
ma&)$)o a$t at)o+ o2 the 'e2e+'a+t , p&a)+t)*
ere 'epr)0e' o2 the e o2 the a)' par$e& o2 &a+'
+&a 2 &&( a+' )&&ega&&( o$$ p)e' b( 'e2e+'a+t
-atha( a the( 2a)&e' to )+tro' $e the +e$e ar(
)mpro0eme+t thereo+ a+' 2or h)$h the( *ere'
'amage )+ the amo +t o2 +ot &e tha+ P5 , .
a+' the amo +t o2 P5 . a mo+th 2or ea$h &ot a
rea o+ab&e $ompe+ at)o+ 2or the e o2 the)r &a+' @
7/23/2019 LTD Spouses Mathay v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 115788, [September 17, 1998]
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P a g e
1 118# )+ 0)e o2 the ba' 2a)th, )&&ega& a+' +&a 2 &
a$t at)o+ o2 the 'e2e+'a+t )+ obta)+)+g t)t&e o0er
the propert( )+ > e t)o+ thr 2orge' a+' 2a& )%e'
'o$ me+t , p&a)+t)* *ere' 2rom &eep&e
+)ght , a+C)et(, me+ta& a+g ) h 2or h)$h the( are
a& o e+t)t&e' to $&a)m 2or mora& 'amage )+ the m
o2 P15 , . @
19# )+ 0)e o2 the )&&ega&, +&a 2 &, ma&)$)o a+'
ba' 2a)th o2 the 'e2e+'a+t a+' )+ ') regar' o2 the
r)ght o2 the p&a)+t)* , the &atter are $o+ tra)+e' to
h)re the er0)$e o2 $o + e& 2or h)$h the( agree'
to pa( the m o2 P5 , . )+ a'')t)o+ to a+
appeara+$e 2ee o2 P1, . e0er( hear)+g. 6
CCC CCC CCC
32ter tr)a& o+ the mer)t , the &o er $o rt 'e$)'e' 2or 'e2e+'a+t
po e So+(a -atha( a+' I mae& -atha(, r., a+' aga)+ t the
p&a)+t)* )+ the three $o+ o&)'ate' $a e @ ') po )+g, th M
FH<R<=OR<, 2orego)+g $o+ )'ere', ! )$# A 'gme+t
) hereb( re+'ere' )+ 2a0or o2 the 'e2e+'a+t M
a# 'e$&ar)+g /o+tra$t o2 Sa&e ""97 )+ 2a0or o2 Toma
4 $)'o, the 3 )g+me+t o2 Sa&e /ert)%$ate No. ""97
) e' b( Toma 4 $)'o )+ 2a0or o2 O+o2re
:ata&&o+e a+' Norberto ; )m)o, the Dee' o2
/o+0e(a+$e )+ 2a0or o2 O+o2re :ata&&o+e a+'
Norberto ; )m)o a+' Tra+ 2er /ert)%$ate o2 T)t&e No.
858 )+ the +ame o2 O+o2re :ata&&o+e a+'
Norberto ; )m)o, a + && a+' 0o)'@
b# 'e$&ar)+g Tra+ 2er /ert)%$ate o2 T)t&e No. T
195"5 , T 195"51, T 19 5 7, T 19 5 9, T 19 5 8,
T 19 5" , T 5 99 , T 5 997, T 5 998, T
5 999, T 5" , T 5" 1, T 5" , T 5" ",
T 5" ?, T 5" 5, T 5" "7, T 78, T
"7 ?, T 5 , T 7, T 8, T 5,
T "7 8, T "7 , T "7" , T "7 " a+' T
"7 5, a + && a+' 0o)', a+' ')re$t)+g the Reg) ter
o2 Dee' o2 /a0)te Pro0)+$e to $a+$e& them@
$# or'er)+g Spo e Teo' &2o 3ta+ga+ S(&0)a
3ta+ga+, O+o2re :ata&&o+e , Norerto ! )$# ; )m)o,
Spo e Toma 4 $)'o a+' a+a :ata&&o+e ,
3g t)+ Pob&ete, a+$ho 3&bert@ Pob&ete, Spo e
:o+)2a$)o -ota a+' &)a+a -ota , So&e'a' -ateo,
R)$ar'o -a&aba+a+, =&o$er%+a :arto&ome, Spo e< ge+)o :arto&ome a+' R perto :arto&ome,
Spo e <' ar'o T)ro+a a+' =e&)$) )ma T)ro+a a+'
3+a+)a Ger0a+)a ! )$# to rre+'er to the O $e o2
the Reg) ter o2 Dee' o2 /a0)te the)r o +erB $op(
o2 the)r Tra+ 2er o2 /ert)%$ate o2 T)t&e $o0er)+g
port)o+ o2 4ot 18 @
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P a g e
1 '# 'e$&ar)+g T/T No. T 11" ? [ )$] 0a&)' a+' the
'e2e+'a+t to ha0e per)or r)ght to the propert(
)+ > e t)o+ a+' to be the tr e a+' &a 2 & o +er o2
the ame@
e# or'er)+g p&a)+t)* Ao)+t&( a+' e0era&&( &)ab&e to
pa( 'e2e+'a+t attor+e(B 2ee o2 P5 , . a+'
to pa( the $o t @
2# 'e+()+g a&& other $&a)m o2 the part)e 2or &a$E o2
ba ) )+ &a a+'Lor e0)'e+$e.
SO ORD<R<D.
O+ appea&, the /o rt o2 3ppea& $ &&e' 2rom the re$or' o+ ha+'
the 2o&&o )+g 2a$t ! , to )tM
P&a)+t)* appe&&a+t a+' 'e2e+'a+t appe&&ee are
a&& ho&'er o2 Tra+ 2er /ert)%$ate o2 T)t&e h)$h a&&
appear ' &( ) e' b( the Reg) ter o2 Dee' o2
/a0)te.
P&a)+t)* 'er)0e' the)r t)t&e a 2o&&o M
The &a+' $&a)me' b( the part)e ) E+o + a 4ot
18 o2 the Sta. /r 6 'e -a&abo+ < tate or)g)+a&&(
$o+ ) t)+g o2 17?,91? >. meter a+' pre0)o &(
$o0ere' b( a r0e( )+ the +ame o2 p&a)+t)*
pre'e$e or)+ )+tere t He)r o2 O+o2re :ata&&o+e
a+' He)r o2 Patro+)&&o ; )m)o a+' Toma 4 $)'o
e0)'e+$e' b( P ' ? 1 9 !<Ch. 3#. " The He)r
o2 :ata&&o+e a+' Patro+)&&o ; )m)o ere ) e' T/T
No. 858 o+ 3 g t 9, 197 !<Ch. /#. 1# O+ &(
1", 197 , the D)re$tor o2 4a+' tra+ m)tte' to the
Reg) ter o2 Dee' o2 /a0)te the Dee' o2
/o+0e(a+$e a+' 2or ) a+$e o2 $orre po+')+g T/T
to the He)r o2 O+o2re :ata&&o+e a+' Norberto
; )m)o repre e+te' b( a+a S. :ata&&o+e a+'
Patro+)&&o ; )m)o !<Ch. K.# 11 The or)g)+a& 0e+'ee
o2 a)' &ot 2rom the : rea o2 4a+' a Toma
4 $)'o ho a ) e' $o+tra$t o2 Sa&e ""97 'ate'
-ar$h 1 , 19" !<Ch. -#. 12 4 $)'o a )g+e' h)
r)ght o0er a)' par$e& o2 &a+' to O+o2re :ata&&o+e
a+' Norberto ; )m)o o+ O$tober 17, 19??
e0)'e+$e' b( a )g+me+t o2 Sa&e /ert)%$ate No.
""97 !<Ch. N#. 13 I+ a+ [O]r'er 'ate' +e 18,
197 , a)' a )g+me+t a appro0e' b( the
D)re$tor o2 4a+' !<Ch. O#. 14 O+ &( 1, 197 the
the+ Departme+t o2 Nat ra& Re o r$e thro gh o e
3. a+a&o, 3 ) ta+t Se$retar( ) e' Sa&e
/ert)%$ate No. ""97, Dee' No. T 11 9 to He)r o2
:ata&&o+e a+' ; )m)o !<Ch. ;#. 15 O+ +e 18,
197 , the : rea o2 4a+' 2or ar'e' to the
Departme+t o2 Nat ra& Re o r$e 2or )g+at re the
Dee' o2 /o+0e(a+$e )+ 2a0or o2 He)r o2 :ata&&o+e
a+' ; )m)o !<Ch. S#. 16
7/23/2019 LTD Spouses Mathay v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 115788, [September 17, 1998]
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P a g e
1 "32ter the He)r o2 :ata&&o+e a+' ; )m)o ere ' &(
) e' T/T No. 858 1 o+ 3 g t 9, 197 , Toma
4 $)'o %&e' /)0)& /a e No. N/ 7 9 be2ore the the+
/o rt o2 =)r t I+ ta+$e o2 /a0)te, :ra+$h 1, Na)$,
/a0)te !<Ch. GG# 1! h)$h e+'e' )+ a De$) )o+ b(
a)' $o rt ba e' o+ a /omprom) e 3greeme+t ' &(
eCe$ te' b( a+a O+ate :ata&&o+e repre e+t)+g
the he)r o2 O+o2re :ata&&o+e a+' Patro+)&&o O+ate
; )m)o, repre e+t)+g the he)r o2 Norberto ; )m)o
a+' p r a+t thereto "5, >. meter o+ the
o ther+ port)o+ a g)0e+ to Toma 4 $)'o
marr)e' to < ta> )a V)&&a+ e0a h)&e the
rema)+)+g port)o+ o2 4ot 18 perta)+e' a+'
be&o+ge' to the 'e2e+'a+t He)r o2 :ata&&o+e a+'
He)r o2 Norberto ; )m)o !<Ch. J#. 1" P r a+t to
the 3ppro0e' /omprom) e 3greeme+t )+ the a)'
'e$) )o+ !<Ch. J#, a 'ee' o2 part)t)o+ a eCe$ te'
b( a+a :ata&&o+e , et a&., a+' Toma 4 $)'o
hereb( the &a+' $o0ere' b( T/T No. T 858 o2
the Reg) ter o2 Dee' a b')0)'e' )+to )C ! #
&ot E+o + a 4ot 18 3, 18 :, 18 /, 18
D, 18 < a+' 18 =, p r a+t to appro0e'
te$h+)$a& 'e $r)pt)o+ a+' b')0) )o+ p&a+ P ' ?
1 9 , a+' that &ot 18 3 $o+ta)+)+g a+ area o2
9,1 >. meter a+' &ot 18 / $o+ta)+)+g a+
area o2 ?,7 ere a )g+e' to Toma 4 $)'o
h)&e the re t o2 the &ot a )g+e' to a+a
:ata&&o+e et a&., !<Ch. ==#. 2# 32ter e$ r)+g
$&eara+$e 2rom the Departme+t o2 3grar)a+ Re2orm
!<Ch. PP 1# 21 a+' pa(me+t o2 re> )re' 2ee a+'
$omp&)a+$e )th the re> )reme+t or reg) trat)o+
the Reg) ter o2 Dee' o2 /a0)te, Tre$e -art)re6 ! )$#
/)t( ) e' the $orre po+')+g Tra+ 2er /ert)%$ate
o2 T)t&e to the He)r o2 :ata&&o+e a+' ; )m)o a+'
Toma 4 $)'o, a 2o&&o M
4ot 18 3 T/T No. 19 5 7 4 $)'o, Toma ! )$# <Ch. <.V 22
4ot 18 : T/T No 19 5 8 <Ch. 333 23
4ot 18 / T/T No. 19 5 9 Toma 4 $)'o <Ch. D. V " 24
4ot 18 D T/T No. 19 5"
4ot 18 < T/T No. 19 5"1 <Ch. 333 1
4ot 18 = T/T No. 19 5" <Ch. G 25
Toma 4 $)'o marr)e' to < ta> )a V)&&a+ e0a ho
a the reg) tere' o +er o2 &ot 18 3, T/T No.
19 5 7 !<Ch. <@ V # 26 18 3 o&' to p&a)+t)*
Teo' &2o P. 3ta+ga+ marr)e' to S(&0)a
3ta+ga+ 2 e0)'e+$e' b( a Dee' o2 3b o& te Sa&e
[e]Ce$ te' o+ &( 1 , 1985 !<Ch. 1#. 2! a+'
a+other Dee' o2 Sa&e 2or 4ot 18 / !<Ch.
# 2" P&a)+t)* 3ta+ga+ ere ' &( ) e' T/T No .
T 195"5 2or &ot 18 3 a+' T/T No. T 195"51 2or
7/23/2019 LTD Spouses Mathay v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 115788, [September 17, 1998]
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P a g e
1 ?4ot 18 / !<Ch . V 1 a+' V, re pe$t)0e&(#. 3# Sa)'
p&a)+t)* pa)' the $orre po+')+g taCe thereo+
!<Ch. , 7# 31 a+' the( ere ' &( ) e' taC
'e$&arat)o+ No. 11 77 a+' TaC De$&arat)o+ No.
11 79 !<Ch. ?, ", re pe$t)0e&(#. 32
a+a :ata&&o+e , et a&., o&' &ot 18 = to p&a)+t)*
3g t)+a Pob&ete, marr)e' to 3mor Pob&ete, a+$ho
3&bert 3. Pob&ete, a+' &)a+a -ota marr)e' to
:o+)2a$)o -ota 33 e0)'e+$e' b( a 'ee' o2 ab o& te
a&e eCe$ te' o+ +e 8, 1988 !<Ch. #. 34 Sa)'
par$e& o2 &a+' a b')0)'e' +'er S b. p&a+ P '
? 1 9 , a+', a a re &t the 2o&&o )+g
/ert)%$ate o2 T)t&e ere ) e' to the 2o&&o )+g
p&a)+t)* M
4ot 18 = 1 T/T No. T 5 99 3g t)+a Pob&ete <Ch.SS 35
4ot 18 = T/T No. T 5 997 'o <Ch. SS 1 36
4ot 18 = " T/T No. T 5 998 'o <Ch. SS 3
4ot 18 = ? T/T No. T 5 999 'o <Ch. SS " 3!4ot 18 = 5 T/T No. T 5" a+$ho 3&bertPob&ete <Ch. SS ? 3"
4ot 18 = T/T No. T 1" 1 'o <Ch. SS 5 4#
4ot 18 = 7 T/T No. T 5" a+$ho 3&bertPob&ete <Ch. SS 41
4ot 18 = 8 T/T No. T 5" " &)a+a -ota <Ch SS7 42
4ot 18 = 9 T/T No. T 5" ? 'o <Ch. SS 8 43
4ot 18 = 1 T/T No. T 5" 5 'o <Ch. SS 9 44
4ot 18 = 11 T/T No. T 5" 7 'o <Ch. SS 1 45
Da0)' ; )m)o, o +er o2 4ot 18 D, T/T No.
195" o&' the ame to p&a)+t)* &)a+a -ota
marr)e' to :o+)2a$)o -ota e0)'e+$e' b( a
+otar)6e' 'ee' o2 ab o& te a&e 'ate' De$ember
"1, 1985 !<Ch. VV#. 46 Sa)' &ot $o+ta)+e' a+ area
o2 18,9?" >. meter more or &e . She a ) e'
T/T No. T 159 b( the Reg) ter o2 Dee' ! )$# o2
/a0)te. P&a)+t)* -ota $a e' a)' &ot to be
b')0)'e' +'er P ' 17 " a+' o&' the ame to
p&a)+t)* T)ro+a, et a&., )+ /)0)& /a e No. T- a+'
$orre po+')+g Tra+ 2er /ert)%$ate o2 T)t&e ere
) e' to the a)' p&a)+t)* a 2o&&o M
N3-< 4OT T/T NO. 3R<3
1. Sp . <' ar'o 18 D "7 8 ", >. m.
=e&)$) )ma T)ro+a 18 D 1 "7 " 7?1 >. m.
. So&e'a' -ateo ! )$# 18 D 8 78 ",? 9 >. m.
Sp . Ig+a$)o Sa+ o e
4 $)&a Sa+ o e 18 D 8 78 1,591 >. m.". 3+a+)a /er0a+)a 18 D " "7 5 ,5 >. m.
?. R)$ar'o -a&aba+a+ 18 D ? "7 ,5 >. m.
5. P&o$er%+a Ta+(ag 18 D "7 ? 7 >. m.
R perta :arto&ome 18 D 5: 55 >. m.
18 D 5/ 7 7 >. m.
18 D 5D 8 7 >. m.
18 D 3 5 55 >. m.
1. Sp . <' ar'o R. T)ro+a <Ch. SS 11 4
7/23/2019 LTD Spouses Mathay v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 115788, [September 17, 1998]
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P a g e
1 5 <Ch. SS 1
. So&e'a' -ota Sp . Ig+a$)o <Ch. NN 1 4!
Sa+ o e 4 $)&a Sa+ o e <Ch. SS 1"
". 3+a+)a Ser0+)a ! )$# <Ch. SS 4"
<Ch. SS 19
?. R)$ar'o -a&aba+a+ <Ch. NN ? 5#
5. P&o$er%+a Ta+(ag <Ch. NN " 51
. R perta -a&aba+a+ <Ch. NN 52
<Ch. NN 7
<Ch. NN 8
<Ch. NN 9
7. P&a)+t)* &)a+a -ota 4ot No. 18 D
:o+)2a$)o -ota T/T No. "7"
<Ch. VV 1 53
Sa)' p&a)+t)* ere ' &( ) e' $orre po+')+g TaC
De$&arat)o+ a+' ha0e pa)' the rea&t(
taCe 54 thereo+ a+' the( ere )+ a$t a&
po e )o+ o2 the $o+te te' par$e& o2 &a+' +t)&
the ame ere 2e+$e' b( 'e2e+'a+t -atha(B me+
o0er the)r obAe$t)o+ a+' po+ )+> )r)e , the(
') $o0ere' that the 'e2e+'a+t -atha( ere ) e'
T/T No. T 11" ?7 $o0er)+g ame par$e& o2 &a+'
!<Ch. # 55 ba e' o+ a Dee' o2 3b o& te [S]a&e
eCe$ te' a&&ege'&( o+ 1 -a( 198 b( Pe'ro
:a+a(o a+' Pab&o P ga( !<Ch. "# 56 a+' +otar)6e'
b( -a+a&a' Sa+tera !<Ch. " 3#. 5
De2e+'a+t appe&&ee Spo e So+(a -atha( a+'
I mae& -atha(, r. $&a)me' that the &a+' 'e $r)be'
a 4ot 18 o2 the Sta. /r 6 'e -a&abo+ < tate,
)t ate' )+ Ta+6a, /a0)te, $o+ta)+)+g a+ area o2
17?,917 > are meter $o0ere' b( T/T No. T
111 7 !<Ch. 8#, 5! reg) tere' )+ the +ame o2
Pe'ro :a+a(o a+' Pab&o P ga( o+ =ebr ar( 8,
198 a p r$ha e' b( the 'e2e+'a+t 2rom Pe'ro
P ga( o+ -a( "1, 198 !<Ch . ", " 3#, 5" a+' T/T
No. T 11" ?7 !<Ch. # 6# a ) e' )+ the)r 2a0or
o+ +e ", 198 b( the O $e o2 the Reg) ter o2
Dee' o2 /a0)te Pro0)+$e, 'e$&are' 2or taCat)o+
p rpo e' ! )$# !<Ch. ?, 5# 61 a+' $orre po+')+g
taCe pa)' !<Ch. 18, 19, , 1, #. 62
It appear that D)re$tor o2 4a+' Ramo+ N.
/a a+o0a, +'er the Dee' No. V 1 918 a+' Sa&e
/ert)%$ate No. ?5? )+ $o+ )'erat)o+ o2 P8,958.
o&' to Pe'ro :a+a(o a+' Pab&o P ga( 4ot 18 o2
the Sta. /r 6 'e -a&abo+ < tate, 2r)ar 4a+' < tate,
)t ate' )+ the - +)$)pa&)t( o2 Ta+6a, Pro0)+$e o2
/a0)te, $o+ta)+)+g a+ area o2 17 he$tare , ?9 are
a+' 17 $e+tare o2 the b')0) )o+ p&a+ 3 1
appro0e' b( the /o rt o2 4a+' Reg) trat)o+ o+ the
?th 'a( o2 =ebr ar(, 1911 !<Ch. 15# 63 )th the
te$h+)$a& 'e $r)pt)o+ o2 the &a+' !<Ch. 15 3# 64 a+'
7/23/2019 LTD Spouses Mathay v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 115788, [September 17, 1998]
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P a g e
1 o+ =ebr ar( 1, 198 , a &etter a''re e' to the
Reg) ter o2 Dee' 2or ) a+$e o2 t)t&e to Pe'ro
:a+a(o a+' Pab&o P ga( !<Ch. 1 # 65 h)$h a
$a+$e&&e' b( T/T No. 11" ?7 ) e' )+ the +ame o2
Spo e So+(a -atha( a+' I mae& -atha(, r.,
!<Ch. #, 66 a+' that a$$or')+g to the o&' Sa&e
Reg) ter :ooE Eept )+ the o $e, 4ot 18 o2 the
Sta. /r 6 'e -a&abo+ < tate, /a0)te, ) reg) tere' )+
the +ame o2 Pe'ro :a+a(o a+' Pab&o P ga( !<Ch.
17 3#. 6 It appear a& o that P ga( a+' :a+a(o
ere a )g+ee o2 the bAe$t &ot +'er 3 )g+me+t
o2 Sa&e /ert)%$ate No. ""97, 6! o2 the : rea o2
4a+' , )th Toma 4 $)'o a a )g+or.
CCC CCC CCC
O+ No0ember 18, 199", the /o rt o2 3ppea& $ame o t )th a
A 'gme+t o2 re0er a&, the ') po )t)0e port)o+ o2 h)$h, rea' M
FH<R<=OR<, prem) e $o+ )'ere', A 'gme+t )
re+'ere' )+ 2a0or o2 p&a)+t)* appe&&a+t )+ the
abo0e e+t)t&e' three $a e aga)+ t 'e2e+'a+t
appe&&ee . The $o+ o&)'ate' 'e$) )o+ o2 the
Reg)o+a& Tr)a& /o rt, :ra+$h ", Tre$e -art)re6 ! )$#
/)t( )+ /)0)& /a e No. T- 175, /)0)& /a e No. T- 18
a+' /)0)& /a e No. T- ) re0er e' a+' et
a )'e. The 'e2e+'a+t appe&&ee Reg) ter o2 Dee'
o2 /a0)te, Tre$e -art)re6 ! )$# /)t( ) or'ere' to
$a+$e& Tra+ 2er /ert)%$ate o2 T)t&e No. 11" ?7
$o0er)+g 4ot 18 o2 Sta. /r 6 'e -a&abo+ < tate )+
the +ame o2 Spo e I mae& a+' So+(a -atha(.
Spo e I mae& a+' So+(a -atha( are or'ere' to
0a$ate 4ot 18 , Sta. /r 6 'e -a&abo+ < tate,
/a0)te )+ 2a0or o2 the p&a)+t)* appe&&a+t . pr$'
SO ORD<R<D.
F)th the 'e+)a& o2 the)r mot)o+ 2or re$o+ )'erat)o+, the po e
So+(a -atha( a+' I mae& -atha(, r. 2o +' the)r a( to th) /o rt
0)a the pre e+t Pet)t)o+@ theor)6)+g, thatM
I.
FITH D < R<SP</T, TH< /O RT O= 3PP<34S
<RR<D IN S<TTING 3SID< TH< G<N IN< TR3NS=<R
/<RTI=I/3T< O= TIT4< NO. 11" ?7 O= SPS. SONJ3
IS-3<4 -3TH3J R., FHO 3/; IR<D TH< S3ID
TORR<NS TIT4< 3S : J<RS IN GOOD =3ITH, SIN/<
TH< DO/ -<NTS N</<SS3RJ =OR TH< TR3NS=<R,
<V<N PRIOR TO TH< S34<, F<R< 344 D 4J =I4<D
3ND /4<3R<D FITH TH< R< R<GIST<R O= D<<DS,
3SS<SSORBS O==I/<, : .I .R., 3ND OTH<R
GOV<RN-<NT <NTITI<S. -OR<OV<R, TH< 43F
ST3T<D IN DINO VS. /O RT O= 3PP<34S, G.R. NO.
959 1, SHO 4D :< PH<4D, IN /3S< O= :3S<4<SS
7/23/2019 LTD Spouses Mathay v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 115788, [September 17, 1998]
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P a g e
1 73SS<RTION O= 344<G<D =ORG<RJ :J TH<
R<SPOND<NTS@
II.
FITH D < R<SP</T, TH< /O RT O= 3PP<34S<RR<D IN NOT R</OGNI ING TH< 198 TIT4< O=
SPS. SONJ3 IS-3<4 -3TH3J R., OV<R 3ND
3:OV< TH< 43T<R 198 88 344<G<D TIT4<S O=
R<SPOND<NTS 3T3NG3N <T 34., FHI/H IS /4<3R4J
/ONTR3RJ TO TH< 3PP4I/3:4< 43F ON TH<
-3TT<R, N3-<4JM 3RT. 15?? O= TH< /IVI4 /OD< O=
TH< PHI4IPPIN<S@
III.
FITH D < R<SP</T, TH< /O RT O= 3PP<34S
<RR<D IN NOT /ONSID<RING TH3T TH< D<<D O=
S34< < </ T<D :J V<NDORS :3N3JO P G3J
IN =3VOR O= V<ND<<S SPS. SONJ3 IS-3<4
-3TH3J, R. IS D 4J NOT3RI <D IN SO =3R 3S TH<
V<NDORS 3ND V<ND<<S 3R< /ON/<RN<D 3ND
TH3T, = RTH<R-OR<, TH< /O RT O= 3PP<34S
<RR<D IN NOT /ONSID<RING TH< V34IDITJ O= TH<
P<TITION<RSB DO/ -<NTS, FHI/H F<R< 344 D 4J
< </ T<D.
The pet)t)o+er , po e So+(a -atha( a+' I mae& -atha(, r.,
$&a)m to be b (er )+ goo' 2a)th, rea o+)+g o t that T/T No. T
111 7 , the 'er)0at)0e t)t&e o2 the)r T/T No. T 11" ?7, appeare' to
be 2ree 2rom a+( e+$ mbra+$e. The( arg e that a per o+ 'ea&)+g
o+ a reg) tere' &a+' ma( a2e&( re&( o+ the $orre$t+e o2 the
$o0er)+g $ert)%$ate o2 t)t&e a+' ) +ot re> )re' to go be(o+' the
$ert)%$ate o2 t)t&e to 'eterm)+e the $o+')t)o+ o2 the propert(.
3 p r$ha er )+ goo' 2a)th a+' 2or 0a& e ) 'e%+e' a o+e ho b (
propert( o2 a+other, )tho t +ot)$e that ome other per o+ ha a
r)ght to, or )+tere t )+, $h propert( a+' pa( a 2 && a+' 2a)r pr)$e
2or the ame at the t)me o2 $h p r$ha e, or be2ore he ha +ot)$e
o2 the $&a)m or )+tere t o2 ome other per o+ )+ the
propert(. 6" 3 a r &e, he ho a ert the tat o2 a p r$ha er )+
goo' 2a)th a+' 2or 0a& e, ha the b r'e+ o2 pro0)+g $h a ert)o+.
Th) onus probandi $a++ot be ') $harge' b( mere )+0o$at)o+ o2 the
&ega& pre mpt)o+ o2 goo' 2a)th, ).e., that e0er(o+e ) pre me' to
a$t )+ goo' 2a)th. #
Here, pet)t)o+er $a++ot be $ategor)6e' a p r$ha er )+ goo' 2a)th.
Pr)or to the 2e+$)+g o2 bAe$t &a+', +e)ther the( !-atha( # +or the)r
pre'e$e or )+ )+tere t ! Banayo and Pugay # e0er po e e' theame. I+ 2a$t, at the t)me the a)' propert( a o&' to pet)t)o+er ,
the pr)0ate re po+'e+t ere +ot o+&( )+ a$t a& po e )o+ o2 the
ame b t a& o b )&t the)r ho e thereo+, $ &t)0ate' )t a+' ere )+
2 && e+Ao(me+t o2 the pro' $e a+' 2r )t gathere' there2rom.
3&tho gh )t ) a re$og+)6e' pr)+$)p&e that a per o+ 'ea&)+g o+ a
reg) tere' &a+' +ee' +ot go be(o+' )t $ert)%$ate o2 t)t&e, )t ) a& o a
%rm&( ett&e' r &e that here there are $)r$ m ta+$e h)$h o &'
7/23/2019 LTD Spouses Mathay v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 115788, [September 17, 1998]
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P a g e
1 8p t a part( o+ g ar' a+' prompt h)m to )+0e t)gate or )+ pe$t the
proper t( be)+g o&' to h)m, $h a the pre e+$e o2
o$$ pa+t Lte+a+t thereo+, )t ) , o2 $o r e, eCpe$te' 2rom the
p r$ha er o2 a 0a& e' p)e$e o2 &a+' to )+> )re %r t )+to the tat or
+at re o2 po e )o+ o2 the o$$ pa+t , ).e., hether or +ot the
o$$ pa+t po e the &a+' en concepto de due o , )+ $o+$ept o2
o +er. 3 ) the $ommo+ pra$t)$e )+ the rea& e tate )+' tr(, a+
o$ &ar )+ pe$t)o+ o2 the prem) e )+0o&0e' ) a a2eg ar' a $a t)o
a+' pr 'e+t p r$ha er a&&( taEe . Sho &' he %+' o t that the
&a+' he )+te+' to b ( ) o$$ p)e' b( a+(bo'( e& e other tha+ the
e&&er ho, a )+ th) $a e, ) +ot )+ a$t a& po e )o+, )t o &' the+
be )+$ mbe+t po+ the p r$ha er to 0er)2( the eCte+t o2 the
o$$ pa+tB po e or( r)ght . The 2a)& re o2 a pro pe$t)0e b (er to
taEe $h pre$a t)o+ar( tep o &' mea+ +eg&)ge+$e o+ h) part
a+' o &' thereb( pre$& 'e h)m 2rom $&a)m)+g or )+0oE)+g the
r)ght o2 a p r$ha er )+ goo' 2a)th.
So a& o, be2ore the 2e+$e aro +' bAe$t propert( a ere$te',pr)0ate re po+'e+t $omm +)$ate' the)r obAe$t)o+ to the 2e+$)+g o2
the area b( pet)t)o+er b t the( ere )g+ore' b( the pet)t)o+er ,
ho $o+t)+ e' e+$&o )+g the prem) e +'er $o+tro0er ( )+ the
pre e+$e o2 arme' me+ emp&o(e' b( them ! petitioners #.
/o+ e> e+t&(, +ot be)+g )++o$e+t p r$ha er 2or 0a& e, )th)+
&ega& $o+temp&at)o+, pet)t)o+er B re&)a+$e o+ 3rt)$&e 15?? o2 the
Ne /)0)& /o'e ) m) p&a$e'. S $h ta+$e o2 the)r &a$E &ega& a+'
2a$t a& ba ) . The 2 +'ame+ta& prem) e o2 pre2ere+t)a& r)ght +'er
the &a ) good fait! . 1
V)e e' )+ proper per pe$t)0e, e pho&' the %+')+g b( the /o rt o2
3ppea& that the pet)t)o+er $a++ot )+0oEe 3rt. 15?? o2 the /)0)&
/o'e )+ 0)e o2 the > e t)o+ab&e 'o$ me+t 2rom h)$h the)r t)t&e
ema+ate'. 3 the /o rt o2 3ppea& rat)o$)+ate'M
Fe th)+E the app&)$ab&e r &e a tate' )+ :a&ta6ar
0. /o rt o2 3ppea& , No. 4 787 8, De$ember 8,
1988, 1 8 S/R3 ""?, ) that a bet ee+ t o
per o+ both o2 hom are )+ goo' 2a)th a+' both
)++o$e+t o2 a+( +eg&)ge+$e, the &a m t prote$ta+' pre2er the &a 2 & ho&'er o2 reg) tere' t)t&e o0er
the tra+2eree o2 a 0e+'or bere2t o2 a+(
tra+ m) )b&e r)ght . +'er the 2orego)+g pr)+$)p&e
'er)0e' 2rom the abo0e $a e &a , the -atha( ha0e
+o r)ght a aga)+ t p&a)+t)* appe&&a+t , the)r
re$o r e ) aga)+ t the)r 0e+'or :a+a(o a+'
P ga(. 2
The a2ore a)' r &)+g o2 the /o r t o2 3ppea& a$$or' )th the 4at)+
maC)mM nemo potest plus juris ad alium transferre $uam ipse
!abet . No o+e $a+ tra+ 2er a greater r)ght to a+other tha+ he
h)m e&2 ha . Th , )+ /a&a&a+g 0 . Reg) ter o2 Dee' o2 ; e6o+
/)t(, 3 th) /o rt he&'M
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P a g e
1 9Nee'&e to tate, a&& b e> e+t $ert)%$ate o2
t)t&e )+$& ')+g pet)t)o+erB t)t&e are 0o)' be$a e o2
the &ega& tr ) m that the spring cannot rise !ig!er
t!an its source . The &a m t prote$t a+' pre2er
the &a 2 & o +er o2 reg) tere' t)t&e o0er the
tra+ 2eree o2 a 0e+'or bere2t o2 a+( tra+ m) )b&e
r)ght .
I+ m, 'e2e$t)0e t)t&e $a++ot be phe&' aga)+ t the +b&em) he'
t)t&e o2 the pr)0ate re po+'e+t . 4
Pet)t)o+er 2 rther bm)t that re> )r)+g them to )+> )re be(o+' the
2a$e o2 the torre+ t)t&e 'e2eat the pr)mor')a& obAe$t)0e o2 thetorre+ ( tem, h)$h ) that a per o+ 'ea&)+g o+ reg) tere' &a+'
ha the r)ght to re&( o+ the torre+ t)t&e.
: t a $ert)%$ate ) +ot $o+$& )0e e0)'e+$e o2 t)t&e )2 )t ) ho +
that the ame &a+' ha' a&rea'( bee+ reg) tere' a+' a+ ear&)er
$ert)%$ate 2or the ame ) )+ eC) te+$e. 5 I+ the $a e at bar, a
bor+e o t b( pert)+e+t re$or' , the pr)0ate re po+'e+t obta)+e'
the)r r)ght a+ ' t)t&e 2rom T/T No. T 858 , h)$h a reg) tere' o+
3 g t 9, 197 +'er the +ame o2 He)r o2 O+o2re :ata&&o+e a+'
Patro+)&&o ; )m)o. O+ the part o2 pet)t)o+er , the)r ppo e' t)t&e
or)g)+ate' 2rom a p r)o t)t&e o2 Pe'ro :a+a(o a+' Pab&o P ga(
)&&ega&&( reg) tere' o+ =ebr ar( 8, 198 .
So a& o, here t o transfer $ert)%$ate o2 t)t&e ha0e bee+ ) e' o+
')*ere+t 'ate , to t o ')*ere+t per o+ , 2or the ame par$e& o2
&a+', e0e+ )2 both are pre me' to be t)t&e ho&'er )+ goo' 2a)th, )t
'oe +ot +e$e ar)&( 2o&&o that he ho ho&' the ear&)er t)t&e
ho &' pre0a)&. O+ the a mpt)o+ that there a reg &ar)t( )+ the
reg) trat)o+ &ea')+g to the e0e+t a& ) a+$e o2 bAe$t tra+ 2er
$ert)%$ate o2 t)t&e, the better approa$h ) to trace the or)g)+a&
$ert)%$ate 2rom h)$h the $ert)%$ate o2 t)t&e )+ ') p te ere
'er)0e'. Sho &' there be o+&( o+e $ommo+ original $ert)%$ate o2
t)t&e, a )+ th) $a e +'er $o+ )'erat)o+, the transfer $ert)%$ate
) e' o+ a+ ear&)er 'ate a&o+g the &)+e m t pre0a)&, ab e+t a+(
a+oma&( or )rreg &ar)t( ta)+t)+g the pro$e o2 reg) trat)o+.
I+ &)ght o2 the atte+'a+t 2a$t a+' $)r$ m ta+$e , there ) there2ore
a +ee' to re2er to the ba$Egro +' or h) tor( o2 the &a+' +'er
$o+tro0er (. 3 $o+$e'e' b( pet)t)o+er , the)r T/T No. T 11" ?7
a 'er)0e' 2rom T/T No. 111 7 +'er the +ame o2 Pe'ro
:a+a(o a+' Pab&o P ga(. He+$e, the +e$e )t( o2 &ooE)+g )+to a+'
'eterm)+)+g the &eg)t)ma$( o2 the t)t&e o2 the t o, :a+a(o a+'
P ga(.
I+ a+ e*ort to pport the)r $&a)m o2 o +er h)p o0er bAe$t 4ot18 , Pe'ro :a+a(o a+' Pab&o P ga( pre e+te' t o theor)e . =)r t,
the( theor)6e that o+ O$tober 17, 197 , +'er 3 )g+me+t o2 Sa&e
/ert)%$ate No. ""97, 6 Toma 4 $)'o a )g+e' a+' tra+ 2erre' to
them a&& h) )+tere t )+ the $o+te te' &a+'. The)r e$o+' theor( )
that bAe$t rea& propert( a o&' to them b( the+ D)re$tor o2
4a+' Ramo+ N. /a a+o0a, +'er Dee' No. V 1 918 a+' Sa&e
/ert)%$ate No. ?5?.
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P a g e
32ter a $are2 & eCam)+at)o+ o2 germa+e re$or' , ho e0er, e are o2
the $o+$& )o+, a+' o %+', that the a2ore tate' theor)e o2 Pe'ro
:a+a(o a+' Pab&o P ga( are )tho t a+( 2a$t a& a+' &ega& ba ) .
The a )g+me+t o2 Sa&e /ert)%$ate No. ""97 a&&ege'&( eCe$ te' b(
Toma 4 $)'o )+ 2a0or o2 Pe'ro :a+a(o a+' Pab&o P ga( a +ot
)g+e' b( the a)' Toma 4 $)'o. Ne)ther 'oe )t bear the )g+at re
o2 the &atter. For e, the ame Toma 4 $)'o te t)%e' o+ the )t+e
ta+', ! that he 'oe +ot E+o Pe'ro :a+a(o a+' Pab&o P ga(,
a+' he +e0er re$e)0e' P5 , . 2rom them. Fhat ) more, Toma
4 $)'o re)terate' that he rea&&( o&' the &a+' )+ > e t)o+ to the
here)+ pr)0ate re po+'e+t , po e Teo' &2o 3ta+ga+ a+' S(&0)a
3ta+ga+, the p&a)+t)* )+ /)0)& /a e No. T- 175, a ho + b( the
t o Dee' o2 Sa&e " he eCe$ te' )+ 2a0or o2 the a)' po e ,
Teo' &2o 3ta+ga+ a+' S(&0)a 3ta+ga+.
To re)+2or$e the)r a2ore a)' e$o+' theor(, :a+a(o a+' P ga(
'e$&are' that, 2or a+' )+ $o+ )'erat)o+ o2 <)ght Tho a+' N)+e
H +'re' =)2t( <)ght !P8,958. # Pe o , 2ormer D)re$tor o2 4a+'
Ramo+ /a a+o0a ) e' Dee' No. V 1 918 )th Sa&e /ert)%$ateNo. ?5?, h)$h Dee' a the ba ) o2 the ) a+$e to them o2 T/T
No. T 111 7 b( the Reg) ter o2 Dee' o2 the Pro0)+$e o2 /a0)te.
: t -r. -ar$e&)+o =re)ra , /h)e2 o2 Re er0at)o+ a+' Spe$)a& 4a+'
Gra+t Se$t)o+ o2 the : rea o2 4a+' , tre e' that the )g+at re o2
2ormer 4a+' D)re$tor Ramo+ /a a+o0a o+ the a)' Dee' No. V
1 918 )th Sa&e /ert)%$ate No. ?5?, a 2orge'. 3$$or')+g to
h)m !=re)ra #, ha0)+g orEe' )th h)m 2or the pa t th)rt( !" # (ear ,
he ) 2am)&)ar )th the )g+at re o2 D)re$tor /a a+o0a. !#
The+, too, )+ a &etter !1 a''re e' to 3tt(. =ra+$o 4o(o&a, $o + e&
2or pr)0ate re po+'e+t , the ame -r. =re)ra )+2orme' that, a
)+')$ate' b( the e+tr)e )+ the Dee' o2 /o+0e(a+$e :ooE, !2 Dee'
V 1 918 a ) e' o+ O$tober 1 , 1979, 2or Lot )o . ,23 Bloc4 ,13
Tala Estate3 #aloocan #ity , )+ the +ame o2 o+e a)'a /. /a&a'o, a+'
+ot 2or the bAe$t &a+', )'e+t)%e' a 4ot 18 o2 Sta. /r 6 'e
-a&abo+ < tate, /a0)te /)t(, or)g)+a&&( reg) tere' +'er the +ame
o2 the He)r o2 O+o2re :ata&&o+e a+' Patro+)&&o ; )m)o. I+ a+other
&etter !3 e+t )+ a+ er to the > er( o2 a+a -ota , o+e o2 the
p&a)+t)* )+ /)0)& /a e No. T- 18 , 3&)$)a V. Da(r)t, O $e /aretaEer
o2 4a+' -a+ageme+t D)0) )o+ o2 the : rea o2 4a+' , $orroborate'
hat -r. =re)ra ') $&o e', a a2oreme+t)o+e'. I+ her a)' &etter,
3&)$)a V. Da(r)t re0ea&e' to -r . -ota that there ) rea&&( +o re$or'
o2 a+( Dee' No. V 1 918 ) e' 2or 4ot 18 o2 Sta. /r 6 'e
-a&abo+ < tate, /a0)te /)t(, )+ 2a0or o2 Pe'ro :a+a(o a+' Pab&o
P ga(, a+' that hat appear )+ the %egistry Boo4 of eeds of
#onveyance ) Dee' o2 /o+0e(a+$e No. V 11 9 ) e' o+ &( 1,
197 )+ 2a0or o2 O+o2re :ata&&o+e a+' Norberto ; )m)o b( the the+
Se$retar( o2 Nat ra& Re o r$e , h)$h Dee' perta)+ to 4ot 18 o2
Sta. /r 6 'e -a&abo+ < tate. The a2ore a)' re0e&at)o+ ere
$orroborate' )+ ope+ $o rt b( )t+e =re)ra . !4 = rther, the /o rt
'ete$te' ') $repa+$)e )+ the e+tr)e o2 the 'o$ me+t abo0e
me+t)o+e'. Pe'ro :a+a(o a+' Pab&o P ga( $o+te+'e' that b(
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P a g e
10)rt e o2 Sa&e /ert)%$ate No. ?5?, the the+ D)re$tor o2 4a+'
Ramo+ /a a+o0a ) e' Dee' V 1 918, o+ =ebr ar( 18,
198 . !5 Ho e0er, a2ter a met)$ &o eCam)+at)o+ o2 the e0)'e+$e
o+ re$or', the /o rt +ot)$e' that 2ormer D)re$tor Ramo+ /a a+o0a
) e' a+other Dee' V 1 918 b t, bear)+g Sa&e /ert)%$ate No.
""97 a+' 'ate' =ebr ar( 19, 198 . !6 It ho &' be remembere'
that Pe'ro :a+a(o a+' Pab&o P ga( 'e$&are' that the ) a+$e o2
T/T No. T 111 7 )+ the)r 2a0or a ba e' o+ the a)' t o
'o$ me+t , both bear)+g the )g+at re o2 D)re$tor /a a+o0a.
The 2orego)+g ob er0at)o+ A)be )th the re0e&at)o+ o2 =re)ra that
the a&&ege' )g+at re o2 2ormer 4a+' D)re$tor Ramo+ /a a+o0a
appear)+g o+ the a)' 'o$ me+t )+ > e t)o+ ere 2orge'. 3& o
tre+gthe+e' thereb( ) the te t)mo+( o2 -r . 3'e& ) a O. O+g,
2ormer Re$or' O $er a+' +o 3$t)+g 3'm)+) trat)0e O $er o2 the
: rea o2 4a+' )+ /a0)te, that bAe$t &a+' a pate+te' +'er
Dee' No. V 11 9 , reg) tere' +'er the +ame o2 the He)r o2
O+o2re :ata&&o+e a+' Norberto ; )m)o, a+' the +ame o2 Toma
4 $)'o a me+t)o+e' )+ the O&' Sa&e Reg) ter :ooE a he a the
appro0e' 0e+'ee o2 the ame. !
:e )'e , )t ) too e0)'e+t to be o0er&ooEe' that the + mber o2 the
Sa&e /ert)%$ate o2 the e$o+' Dee' V 1 918 ! bearing 5ales
#erti6cate )o . 778- # ) the ame + mber o2 the Sa&e /ert)%$ate
appear)+g )+ the 3 )g+me+t o2 Sa&e a&&ege'&( eCe$ te' b( Toma
4 $)'o )+ 2a0or o2 Pe'ro :a+a(o a+' Pab&o P ga(. Th) 2a$t a&o+e,
h)$h th) /o rt $a++ot )g+ore, ) 2ata& to the $a e o2 Pe'ro
:a+a(o a+' Pab&o P ga(.
= rthermore, the $)r$ m ta+$e rro +')+g the eCe$ t)o+ o2 the
Dee' o2 3b o& te Sa&e !! b( Pe'ro :a+a(o a+' Pab&o P ga( )+
2a0or o2 the po e So+(a -atha( a+' I mae& -atha(, r.
be$&o 'e' the ) a+$e o2 T/T No. 11" ?7. !" Re$or' ') $&o e
that the a)' Dee' o2 3b o& te Sa&e ')' +ot $omp&( )th &ega&
2orma&)t)e a+' a +ot ' &( +otar)6e'. 3tt(. -apa&a' Sa+tera, ho
)g+e' the 'o$ me+t a Notar( P b&)$, ha' +o $omm) )o+ a
Notar( P b&)$ 2or the Pro0)+$e o2 /a0)te, at the t)me bAe$t
'o$ me+t a ppo e'&( +otar)6e', "# a+' the re )'e+$e
$ert)%$ate o2 0e+'or :a+a(o and P ga( appeare' to be o2
' b)o o r$e. "1
To bo& ter the)r bm) )o+ that the)r t)t&e ) ge+ )+e a+' a the+t)$,
pr)0ate re po+'e+t )+tro' $e' e0era& 'o$ me+tar( e0)'e+$e.
The( a& o pre e+te' o $)a& $o+$er+e' a+' the $aretaEer o2 the
a)' 'o$ me+t , ho a&& te t)%e' 2or the pr)0ate re po+'e+t . 44A r
O+ the other ha+', the pet)t)o+er , po e So+(a -atha( a+'
I mae& -atha(, r., ho $&a)m to be b (er )+ goo' 2a)th, tter&(
2a)&e' to ') $harge the b r'e+ o2 pro0)+g the ta)+ab)&)t( o2 the)r
po t re. For e 2or them, a abo0e ') $ e', the t)t&e o2 Pe'ro
:a+a(o a+' Pab&o P ga( re&)e' po+ b( pet)t)o+er ha bee+ ho +
b( prepo+'era+$e o2 e0)'e+$e to be the pro' $t o2 2orger(.
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P a g e
3&& th)+g t ')e'&( $o+ )'ere', e are o2 the )rre ) t)b&e $o+$& )o+
that the re po+'e+t /o rt o2 3ppea& ')' +ot err )+ re0er )+g the
appea&e' 'e$) )o+ o2 the tr)a& $o rt.
FH<R<=OR<, the Pet)t)o+ ) DIS-ISS<D 2or &a$E o2 mer)t, a+' the
De$) )o+ o2 the /o rt o2 3ppea& )+ /3 GR /V No. "79
3==IR-<D in toto . No pro+o +$eme+t a to $o t .
SO ORD<R<D.
%omero a+' 9apunan3 (( .3 $o+$ r.
)arvasa3 # . ( .3 tooE +o part@ $&o e per o+a& re&at)o+ to a part(.
F$$% $%'(1. %ollo, pp. "? 8 .
. =o rth D)0) )o+, $ompo e' o2 3 o$)ate t)$e /oro+a Iba(Somera ! ponente #, Natha+ae& O. De Pa+o, r., ! #!airman #a+' 3 aa&) S. I +a+) ! member #.
". 3++eC 3, /3 Or)g)+a& %ollo.
?. Pre )'e' b( 'ge Ramo+ 3+o+ e0o.
5. 3 3+ er to the /omp&a)+t, 'e2e+'a+t Spo e -atha()+terpo e' eCa$t&( the ame a rmat)0e 'e2e+ e the( p tp )+ /)0)& /a e No. T- 175.
. 3 3+ er to the /omp&a)+t, 'e2e+'a+t Spo e -atha()+terpo e' eCa$t&( the ame a rmat)0e 'e2e+ e the( p tp )+ /)0)& /a e No. T- 175 a+' T- 18 .
7. ho &' be T/T No. T 11" ?7.
8. /3 De$) )o+, pp. 18 5@ %ollo, pp. 5 59.
9. Re$or' , p. 19".
1 . Re$or' , p. 19?.
11. Re$or' , p. ".
1 . Re$or' , p. .
1". Re$or' , p. 8.
1?. Re$or' , p. 1 @ See a& o <Ch. P. p. 11.
15. Re$or' , p. 1 .
1 . Re$or' , p. .
17. <Ch. /, Re$or' , p. 19?.
18. Re$or' , pp. 75 8 .
19. Re$or' , pp. ?7 ?9.
. Re$or' , pp. 7 7?.
1. Re$or' , pp. " 1 ".
. Re$or' , p. 19 .
". Re$or' , p. 197.
?. Re$or' , p. ?".
5. Re$or' , p. 198.
. Re$or' , p. 19 .
7. Spo e 3ta+ga+ are the p&a)+t)* )+ the %r t $a eM /)0)& /a eNo. T- 175.
8. Re$or' , pp. " "1.
9. Re$or' , pp. 8 9.
" . Re$or' , pp. "9 ? .
"1. Re$or' , pp. ""7 "8.
" . Re$or' , pp. "? "5.
"". The Pob&ete a+' the -ota e are the p&a)+t)* )+ the e$o+'$a eM /)0)& /a e No. T- 18 .
"?. Re$or' , pp. "81 8 .
"5. Re$or' , p. "" .
" . Re$or' , p. """
"7. Re$or' , p. ""?.
"8. Re$or' , p. ""5.
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P a g e
""9. Re$or' , p. "" .
? . Re$or' , p. ""7.
?1. Re$or' , p. ""8.
? . Re$or' , p. ""9.
?". Re$or' , p. "? .
??. Re$or' , p. "? .
?5. Re$or' , p. "?1.
? . Re$or' , p. "78.
?7. Re$or' , pp. "?" ??.
?8. Re$or' , pp. "?5, " 5.
?9. Re$or' , pp. "58 59.
5 . Re$or' , p. "57.
51. Re$or' , p. " 9.
5 . Re$or' , pp. "11 1?.
5". Re$or' , p. "8 .
5?. <Ch . NN 1. Re$or' , p. " ?@ NN :, Re$or' , p. " 7@ NN/, Re$or' , p. " 8.
55. Re$or' , p. ?5 .
5 . Re$or' , p. ?5 .
57. Re$or' , p. ?51.
58. Re$or' , p. ?5 .
59. Re$or' , pp. ?5 51.
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1. Re$or' , pp. ?5" 5?.
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". Re$or' , p. ? 5.
?. Re$or' , p. ? .
5. Re$or' , p. ? .
. Re$or' , p. ??9.
7. Re$or' , p. ? 7.
8. Re$or' , p. 99.
9. 5andoval vs . #ourt of Appeals , S/R3 8" [199 ].
7 . Balta"ar vs . #ourt of Appeals , 189 S/R3 "5? [1989].
71. Ta edo vs . #ourt of Appeals , 5 S/R3 8 [199 ]@ Paylagovs . (arabe , 1"1 Ph)&. "5?.
7 . /3 De$) )o+, pp. ?1 ? @ %ollo, pp. 75 7 .
7". "1 S/R3 88 [199?].
7?. Loren"ana Food #orporation vs . #ourt of Appeals , "1 S/R371" [199?].
75. :eirs of Luis ( . ;on"aga vs . #ourt of Appeals , 1 S/R3 " 7[199 ].
7 . <Ch. 11, Re$or' , p. 99.77. <Ch. 15, Re$or' , p. ? 5.
78. TSN o2 3 g t 8, 199 , pp. " 11.
79. <Ch . T a+' , Re$or' , pp. 5 9.
8 . TSN, 3pr)& 1, 1989, pp. 7 8.
81. <Ch. 1, Re$or' , p. "75.
8 . <Ch . RR a+' RR 1, Re$or' , pp. "" "1.
8". <Ch. I, Re$or' , p. 1.8?. -r. =re)ra te t)%e' o+ the 2o&&o )+g 'ate M a+ ar( " , 1989@
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85. <Ch. 15, Re$or' , p. ? 5.
8 . <Ch. 11 1 , Re$or' , p. ? @ p. " 1.
87. TSN, a+ ar( " , 1989, p. "?.
88. <Ch. 3, Re$or' , p. ?5 .
89. <Ch. , Re$or' , p. ??9.
9 . <Ch . /// 1 to /// ?, Re$or' , pp. ?9 99.
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