INTERDEPENDENT RELATIONSHIPS IN ECOSYSTEMS!

1"BY BIOLOGYGUY!

INFORMATION AND ACTIVTIES (NGSS LS2.A)!

Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, AND Dynamics !Ngss Ms-ls2 !

!

Thank"you"for"purchasing"this"NGSS"aligned"resource"“LS2.A:'Interdependent'Rela2onships'in'Ecosystems”.""This"resource"includes"informa;on"and"ac;vi;es,"which"cover"the"core"ideas"for"the"unit"“MSALS2"Ecosystems:"Interac;ons,"Energy,"and"Dynamics”. !""Students"will"read"the"required"informa;on,"complete"ac;vi;es,"and"then"assess"their"learning"using"the"performance"based"assignments.""Each"assignment"is"aligned"to"the"performance"standards"which"are"found"in"the"Next"Genera;on"Science"Standards"MSALS2"Ecosystems:"Interac;ons,"Energy,"and"Dynamics.""Each"assignment"includes"notes,"rubrics"and"an"answer"key.""This"resource"will"cover"the"following"standards"and"topics.""STANDARDS:'LS2.A:'Interdependent'Rela2onships'in'Ecosystems'''TOPICS:'1.  What"are"ecosystems?"2.  What"can"affect"the"popula;ons"of"organisms"that"live"in"an"ecosystem"3.  What"can"limit"popula;on"growth"4.  Interac;ons"that"occur"between"living"things,"PredatorAPrey,"symbio;c,"compe;;ve."''This"resource"is"designed"to"be"delivered"to"your"students"over"a"1A2"week"period."Each"informa;on"sheet,"ac;vity"and"assessment"material"includes"performance"and"standard"indicators,"so"that"you"and"your"students"know"which"standards"are"being"addressed."""I"have"also"included"a"graphic"organizer,"which"can"be"used"by"your"students"to"record"key"pieces"of"informa;on.""I"hope"that"you"enjoy"this"resource.""Best"wishes,""Biologyguy.""

THANK YOU!

Biologyguy"©

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INTERDEPENDENT'RELATIONSHIPS'GRAPHIC'ORGANIZER'" " " " " """""""""""""""""""""""""""DATE:_______"

NAME________________"" " " "LESSON"TITLE___________________________""Read"the"informa;on"page"and"complete"this"graphic"organizer"as"you"read"it."""" WORDS'THAT'I'DO'NOT'KNOW' KEYWORDS'

KEY'FACTS' KEY'FACTS' KEY'FACTS' KEY'FACTS'

3"POINT"SUMMARY"

biolog

yGuy �

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THANK YOU!

1.  Pixabay.com"2.  By"Tsilia"yotova"(Own"work)"[CC"BYASA"4.0"(hgp://crea;vecommons.org/licenses/

byAsa/4.0)],"via"Wikimedia"Commons,"pond"ecosystem"3.  By"Thompsma"(Own"work)"[CC"BYASA"3.0"(hgp://crea;vecommons.org/licenses/

byAsa/3.0)],"via"Wikimedia"Commons,"frog"showing"flow"of"energy"4.  hgps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Volterra_lotka_dynamics.PNG#file,"

predator"prey"rela;onship"graph."

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MS-LS2 Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics!

!Performance Standards!

Students"who"demonstrate"understanding"can:""MSRLS2R1.'Analyze"and"interpret"data"to"provide"evidence"for"the"effects"of"resource"availability"on"organisms"and"popula;ons"of"organisms"in"an"ecosystem."[Clarifica;on"Statement:"Emphasis"is"on"cause"and"effect"rela;onships"between"resources"and"growth"of"individual"organisms"and"the"numbers"of"organisms"in"ecosystems"during"periods"of"abundant"and"scarce"resources.]""MSRLS2R2."Construct"an"explana;on"that"predicts"pagerns"of"interac;ons"among"organisms"across"mul;ple"ecosystems."[Clarifica;on"Statement:"Emphasis"is"on"predic;ng"consistent"pagerns"of"interac;ons"in"different"ecosystems"in"terms"of"the"rela;onships"among"and"between"organisms"and"abio;c"components"of"ecosystems."Examples"of"types"of"interac;ons"could"include"compe;;ve,"predatory,"and"mutually"beneficial.]"""

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MS-LS2 Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics!

!Core Ideas !

LS2.A:'Interdependent'Rela2onships'in'Ecosystems'"•  Organisms,"and"popula;ons"of"organisms,"are"dependent"on"their"environmental"

interac;ons"both"with"other"living"things"and"with"nonliving"factors."(MSALS2A1)"

•  In"any"ecosystem,"organisms"and"popula;ons"with"similar"requirements"for"food,"water,"oxygen,"or"other"resources"may"compete"with"each"other"for"limited"resources,"access"to"which"consequently"constrains"their"growth"and"reproduc;on."(MSALS2A1)"

•  Growth"of"organisms"and"popula;on"increases"are"limited"by"access"to"resources."(MSALS2A1)"

•  Similarly,"predatory"interac;ons"may"reduce"the"number"of"organisms"or"eliminate"whole"popula;ons"of"organisms."Mutually"beneficial"interac;ons,"in"contrast,"may"become"so"interdependent"that"each"organism"requires"the"other"for"survival."Although"the"species"involved"in"these"compe;;ve,"predatory,"and"mutually"beneficial"interac;ons"vary"across"ecosystems,"the"pagerns"of"interac;ons"of"organisms"with"their""environments,"both"living"and"nonliving,"are"shared."(MSALS2A2)"

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L1: WHAT ARE ECOSYSTEMS? Ecosystem can be defined as the living and non living things that make up your surroundings (environment). For example if you are sitting in a classroom right now, your Ecosystem is the classroom, the living things are the students, teacher and Jimmy the cockroach, who is lurking in the corner. The non living components are the desks, chairs, windows, white board, blinds and doors. The living things that can be found in an ecosystem are called biotic factors, the non living things are called abiotic factors. 1.  Describe the ecosystem that you are in right now. What are the biotic and abiotic factors? ECOSYSTEM: ___________________________________________________________________ ABIOTIC FACTORS:________________________________________________________________ BIOTIC FACTORS:_________________________________________________________________ There are many different types of ecosystems that exist on earth. All ecosystems are categorized into 3 main types, terrestrial, fresh water and ocean. For example terrestrial ecosystems, include deserts, forests, grass lands, arctic tundra. Ocean ecosystems, include ecosystems that are found in the ocean, such as corral reef, shallow water, rocky shoreline formations, deep ocean water. Fresh water ecosystems include lakes, rivers, streams and ponds.

FRESH WATER ECOSYSTEM The diagram on the right depicts a pond ecosystem. There are many different organisms that live within the area of the pond, together they form a community. The abiotic factors and biotic factors within this ecosystem are linked, through nutrient cycles and energy flows. For example, the sun, which is abiotic, provides energy for the ecosystem. Plants (biotic) use the suns energy to produce sugar, through a process called photosynthesis. This sugar/food is then transferred to consumers, such as insects. The energy from the sun is stored as chemical energy within the insect’s body, it will then be transferred to the next animal that eats it.

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L1: WHAT ARE ECOSYSTEMS? ACTIVITY

1."Define"ecosystem:____________________________________________________________"_____________________________________________________________________________""2."Make"a"list"of"different"ecosystems"under"the"3"main"categories."""""""""""3."Look"at"the"diagram"below"of"the"pond"ecosystem.""""""""""""""""""""""""4."Research"or"create"your"own"ecosystem.""Describe"the"environment,"the"living"and"non"living"things"that"live"there,""interac;ons"that"might"occur"between"these"organisms,"possible"food"chains"that"might"exist"in"your"ecosystem."Present"your"findings"on"a"small"poster.""

TERRESTRIAL' OCEAN' FRESH'WATER'

"""""""

a)"List"the"abio;c"factors"______________________"______________________"______________________"______________________"""b)"List"the"bio;c"factors:"___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________"

What"are"ecosystems?"

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L2 HOW DOES THE ENVIRONMENT AFFECT ORGANISMS? There a variety of ecosystems that can be seen throughout the planet. Some are more hostile than others. Organisms depend on their environment (the surroundings and conditions in which an organism live). They must interact with the living and non living things that are found within their environment in order to survive. Doug has a happy life living in the city. He interacts with the people living there, he has everything that he needs to survive, his apartment is more than comfortable, he get his food from the store whenever he wants, if it gets too hot, he goes inside and turns on the AC. Life is good. If Doug was placed in the pond ecosystem things would be different,. He would interact with abiotic factors by drinking water, creating a shelter and contribute to the nitrogen and carbon cycle, by producing waste products, and breathing. Biotic interactions would occur, if he ate the plants, and animals within the ecosystem, or even sheltered from predators that might want to eat him. Life is not so good. If Doug was placed in the desert, he might not do so well. The environment is much more hostile, he would be exposed to blistering temperatures, with very little shade, to protect him from the burning sun. Abiotic factors such as the sun, sand, wind, and extreme temperatures would make it very difficult for him to survive. The biotic factors such as limited populations of organisms and his ability to hunt them would affect his chances of survival. Life is bad!

In all of the different ecosystems, Doug’s city, the pond and the desert, it is essential that Doug interacts with the biotic and abiotic factors that exist in each environment. In some environments he was better adapted, meaning that he would increase his chances of survival. In any ecosystem organisms with similar requirements for food, water, oxygen or other resources, may have to compete with each other for limited resources. For example in the city, Doug has to compete, with other people for resources such as shelter, food, and water. He may improve his chances of achieving these by working harder to get more pay, which he can use to buy all of these resources. However in the desert, his money would be of no value or benefit. He would be competing with predators such as coyotes, bobcats, rattle snakes, hawks and eagles, which all eat similar food to what he eats. His inability to interact with his environment as well as these animals would affect his chances of survival. As he would not have the essential nutrients and energy from food to enable him to grow, and potentially reproduce.

DOUG"

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L2 HOW DOES THE ENVIRONMENT AFFECT ORGANISMS? ACTIVITY 1.  Pick"one"of"the"following"ecosystems:"the"city,"desert"or"pond."Produce"a"dummies""

guide"to"living"in"this"ecosystem.""

Use"the"rubric"to"help"you:""RUBRIC:'1.  I"have"a"dummies"guide"to"The"City/Desert/Pond."2.  I"have"described"my"ecosystem."3.  I"have"a"picture"of"my"ecosystem."4.  I"have"listed"the"bio;c"factors."5.  I"have"listed"the"abio;c"factors."6.  I"have"described"the"weather,"climate"and"living"condi;ons"(abio;c"factors)."7.  I"have"explained"what"resources"are"needed"to"survive"and"where"they"can"

be"taken"from?"8.  I"have"explained"which"organisms"might"compete"for"these"resources."9.  I"have"explained"how"the"environment"of"my"ecosystem"could"affect"a"

human"life."10.  My"work"is"well"presented"and"shows";me"and"effort."

SCORE'___/2"___/2"___/2"___/2"___/2"___/2""___/2"___/2""___/2"___/2"

THE'POND'

THE'DESERT'

THE'CITY'

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Quick write: Think about your neighborhood, and where you live. Make a list of factors that could help you survive and a list of things that might result in your death. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

L3 WHAT CAN AFFECT THE POPULATIONS IN AN ECOSYSTEM?

Ecosystems"consist"of"living"and"non"living"things.""These"bio;c"and"abio;c"factors"can"affect"the"number"of"organisms"that"might"live"there."The"number"of"organisms"within"a"certain"defined"area"is"called"a"popula;on.""If"we"examine"the"pond"ecosystem,"it"is"possible"to"explore"the"bio;c"and"abio;c"factors"and"how"they"might"affect"the"popula;on"of"a"species."""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

Bio2c'factors'that"can"affect"popula;ons"of"organisms"include:"interac2ons'with'other'animals,"compe22on"and"preda2on.""The"fish"for"example"will"have"to"interact"with"other"fish"of"its"own"species,"if"it"is"lucky"it"may"find"a"reproduc;ve"partner"to"produce"offspring.""However"if"there"are"other"fish"of"the"same"species"which"are"more"adapted"to"the"pond"and"display"more"favorable"characteris;cs,"they"will"be"more"successful"in"reproducing.""Fish"will"not"just"compete"for"reproduc;on,"but"they"will"also"compete"for"available"resources,"such"as"shelter"and"food.""The"more"dominant"the"fish"the"more"chances"it"will"have"in"finding"the"food"and"shelter.""Shelter"could"take"the"form"of"long"weeds,"plants,"or"rocks,"which"can"be"used"to"hide"from"predators."""

Predators"are"the"final"bio;c"factor."Larger"fish,"or"birds,"might"agempt"to"eat"the"fish.""The"greater"the"number"of"predators"in"the"area,"the"higher"the"chance"that"they"will"die"due"to"preda;on."""Abio2c'factors'that"can"affect"the"popula;on"of"organisms"include:"temperature,"light"and"availability"of"water"and"nutrients."Within"an"aqua;c"ecosystem"such"as""a"pond,"acidity"and"salt"concentra;on"can"also"affect"the"popula;ons"of"the"organisms"that"live"there.""If"there"is"too"ligle"light"for"example"the"plants"within"the"pond"will"not"receive"enough"light"to"photosynthesize,"this"could"affect"oxygen"and"carbon"dioxide"levels"in"the"pond"in"addi;on"to"acidity.""Lack"of"plant"growth"would"then"affect"bio;c"factors"by"increasing"compe;;on"for"resources.""""

"Therefore"the"growth"of"an"organisms"popula;on,"such"as"a"fish,"is"limited"to"the"resources"that"are"contained"within"its"environment"and"the"the"bio;c"and"abio;c"factors"that"occur"within"its"ecosystem."""

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L3 WHAT CAN AFFECT THE POPULATIONS IN AN ECOSYSTEM? ACTIVITY

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

1."Popula;ons"within"ecosystems"can"be"affected"by"bio;c"and"abio;c"factors.""Sort"the"following"into"bio;c"or"abio;c"factors."""

Temperature Interactions with organisms Light Nutrients predation Acidity of soil and water Competition for resources Salt concentration of the water availability of water

BIOTIC'FACTORS''''''

ABIOTIC'FACTORS''''''

2."SCENARIO:"You"are"stranded"on"a"desert"island.""For"each"of"the"factors"below"explain"how"they"might"affect"the"popula;on"of"your"group."

High"Temperature:"_____________________________________________________________""Limited"tree"cover:______________________________________________________________""Unlimited"supply"of"fish:_________________________________________________________""Fresh"water"stream:____________________________________________________________""The"presence"of"a"mountain"lion"that"lives"on"the"island:_______________________________""3."Explain"using"evidence"to"support"your"argument,"whether"you"think"that"your"popula;on"would"flourish"on"the"island"or"whether"you"think"that"it"would"die"out.""What"other"informa;on"might"be"needed"to"beger"answer"this"ques;on?"__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________""4."Draw"a"diagram"of"your"island."Add"labels."""

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L4: ANIMAL INTERACTIONS: Within" an" ecosystem" there" can" be" a" variety" of"species,"which"interact"with"each"other"on"a"daily"basis." " These" interac;ons" can" be" compe;;ve,"mutually"beneficial,"and"one"sided.""""The" 5" main" types" of" animal" interac;ons" are"compe;;on," parasi;sm," mutualism," preda;on"and"commensalism.""

Compe22on:" this" type"of" interac;on" is"where"organisms" in" the"ecosystem"compete" for"resources." " These" could" include," food,"water," shelter," space" and" reproduc;ve" partners."The" compe;;on" can" be" between"different" species," and" organisms" of" the" same" species.""For"example"two"camels"of"the"same"species"might"compete"for"the"same"female"partner."Where"as"2"different" species" such"as" the" ragle" snake"and"eagle,"might" compete" for" the"same"food."""

Parasi2sm:' involves" an" interac;on"between" species"where" one"organism"benefits" at" the" expense" of" the" other." For" example" the" flea" or" ;ck"might"agach"itself"to"the"body"of"a"deer"or"camel."The"flea"and";ck"will"benefit"as"they"will" receive"nutrients" in" the" form"of"blood"and"a"place" to" live." " The"camel,"will"not"benefit"as"they"will"feel"uncomfortable"and"constantly"itch."""

The'Flea'

Mutualism:"when"two"organisms"benefit"from"an"interac;on,"this"is"called"mutualism.""An"example"can"be"seen"with"bacteria"that"exist"in"the"gut"of"humans."The"bacteria"benefit,"because"they"have"food"and"a"place"to"live"and"reproduce.""The"human"benefits"because"the"bacteria"aid"diges;on."""

DOUG"

Commensalism:" In" this" interac;on" one" organisms" benefits," but" at" no" expense" to" the" other"organism.""An"example"can"be"seen"in"plant"seed"dispersal."Some"plants"have"developed"seeds"which"have" s;cky"barbed" surfaces"which" can" agach" themselves" to" the" fur" of" animals." " The"plant"benefits"as"its"seeds"are"transported,"the"animal"is"not"harmed"by"the"process."

Preda2on:'One" animal" ea;ng" another" animal" is" an" example" of" preda;on." " The"predator" is" the"animal" that"eats"another"organism," the"prey" is" the"animal" that" is"eaten." "An"example"of" "preda;on"can"be"seen"in"lions"and"zebras."The"lion"is"the"predator" and" the" zebra" is" the"prey." In" this" type"of" interac;on" the"popula;on"of"each"organism"is"dependent"on"the"other."For"example"the"higher"the"popula;on"of"lions,"the"lower"the"popula;on"of"zebra,"as"the"the"lions"will"eat"them"all." "This"will"then"result"in"less"food"for"the"lions,"meaning"a"decrease"in"the"popula;on"of"lions,"and"then"an"increase"in"the"popula;on"of"zebra"as"there"are"less"lions"to"eat"them."""A"predator"prey"rela;onship"is"formed.""'

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L4: ANIMAL INTERACTIONS: ACTIVITY 1.  What"are"the"5"main"types"of"animal"interac;ons?"

____________,"______________,"_______________,"________________,"____________""2."Look"at"the"graph"below"what"type"of"animal"interac;on"does"it"show?"_______________"""""""""""""""""a)  What"happens"to"the"popula;on"of"the"zebra"as"the"popula;on"of"the"lion"increases?"

Explain"your"answer.""_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________""3."Produce"a"foldable"to"describe"the"5"main"types"of""animal"interac;ons.""Include"informa;on,"examples"and"pictures."

ZEBRA"

LION"

ANIMAL"INTERACTIONS"

FOLD

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA"

Regular"paper"

INFORMATION"

EXAMPLES"AND"IMAGES"

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MSRLS2R1.'Analyze"and"interpret"data"to"provide"evidence"for"the"effects"of"resource"availability"on"organisms"and"popula;ons"of"organisms"in"an"ecosystem."[Clarifica;on"Statement:"Emphasis"is"on"cause"and"effect"rela;onships"between"resources"and"growth"of"individual"organisms"and"the"numbers"of"organisms"in"ecosystems"during"periods"of"abundant"and"scarce"resources.]"

PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT #1: Interpreting Data

1."The"table"below"shows"the"popula;on"of"fresh"water"fish"and"birds"that"live"within"a"pond"ecosystem."""The"table"also"contains"data"rela;ng"to"the"water"level"of"the"pond"over"a"period"of"11"years."""

Year" No."Fish" No."Birds"" Water"level"(meters)"

2000" 120" 7" 6"

2001" 201" 12" 8"

2002" 180" 14" 7"

2003" 177" 15" 7.5"

2004" 111" 13" 3"

2005" 52" 5" 1"

2006" 24" 3" 0.9"

2007" 20" 3" 1"

2008" 32" 3" 3"

2009" 60" 6" 3"

2010" 74" 8" 4"

2011" 80" 7" 3"

2."Explain"how"the"level"of"the"pond"water"affected"the"popula;on"of"the"fish"and"birds."Support"your"argument"with"data"from"the"table.""________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3."What"was"the"reason"for"the"change"in"popula;on"of"the"fish"and"birds"over"the"11"year"period?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________"

a.  From"which"ecosystem"was"this"data"taken"?"

"__________________________________""b."How"might"the"level"of"water"affect""the"popula;on"of"birds?""____________________________________________________________________""b."How"might"the"level"of"water"affect"the"popula;on"fish?""____________________________________________________________________"

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MSRLS2R2."Construct"an"explana;on"that"predicts"pagerns"of"interac;ons"among"organisms"across"mul;ple"ecosystems."[Clarifica;on"Statement:"Emphasis"is"on"predic;ng"consistent"pagerns"of"interac;ons"in"different"ecosystems"in"terms"of"the"rela;onships"among"and"between"organisms"and"abio;c"components"of"ecosystems."Examples"of"types"of"interac;ons"could"include"compe;;ve,"predatory,"and"mutually"beneficial.]"

PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT #2: PREDICTING PATTERNS

1."The"table"below"shows"the"popula;on"of"rabbit"and"red"fox.""Data"was"collected"through"over"a"period"of"11"years."""

Year" No."FOX""(thousands)"

No."RABBIT"(Thousands)"

2000" 33" 20"

2001" 51" 21"

2002" 12" 52"

2003" 10" 83"

2004" 12" 65"

2005" 35" 69"

2006" 14" 82"

2007" 11" 11"

2008" 6" 35"

2009" 7" 149"

2010" 66" 111"

2011" 70" 60"

a)"Create"a"graph"to"show"the""change"in"popula;ons"of"fox"and"rabbit"over"the"11"year"period.""See"the"example"below:"

Year"

POPU

LATION"(tho

usands)"

b)"Once"you"have"ploged"the"points"draw"a"smooth"line"to"show"the"change"in"fox"popula;on"and"the"change"in"rabbit"popula;on."

2."What"pagern"exists"in"the"popula;on"of"growth"of"the"fox"and"rabbit"over"the"11"year"period.""Explain"your"answer"using"data"from"the"table."""3."Using"the"data"provided"what"do"your"think"the"popula;on"figures"would"be"for"the"next"3"years.""Explain"your"answer"and"support"your"argument"with"evidence.""

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INTERDEPENDENT RELATIONSHIPS VOCABULARY

POPULATION: The number of organisms living in a defined area. ORGANISM: Living things, such as animals and plants, which demonstrate life processes. ABIOTIC FACTOR: The non living things in an ecosystem. BIOTIC FACTOR: The living things in an ecosystem. ECOSYSTEM: A system of living and non living things that make up your environment. COMMUNITY: a group of organisms or a population of different species, which occupy a certain area and interact with each other and their environment. ENVIRONMENT: the surroundings and conditions, both living and non living in which an organism live. PREDATOR: Organism which eats other organisms PREDATION: type of interaction that occurs between organisms in which a predator eats prey. PREY: organism that is eaten by a predator COMMENSALISM type of interaction that occurs between 2 organisms in which one benefits at no cost or expense to the other. Parasitism: Interaction between organisms, in which only one organism benefits at the expense of the other. Mutualism: Type of interaction between organisms where both organisms benefit. Competition: Type of interaction between organisms where they compete for resources. 1. Create a personal dictionary to help you remember these key terms. Include word, definition, sentence and a picture.

WORD' DEFINITION' SENTENCE' PICTURE'

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INTERDEPENDENT RELATIONSHIPS QUIZ

23"

NAME_________________" SCORE________________"

1.  What"is"the"term"used"to"describe"a"system"of"living"and"non"living"things"that"make"up"your"environment?"

"A.  ECOSYSTEM""""""""""B"COMMUNITY"""""""C."ENVIRONMENT"""""""""D."BIOME"""""2."What"is"the"scien;fic"term"for"something"that"is"living"and"demonstrates"the"7"life"processes?""A.  THING""""""""B."ECOLOGY"""""""""C."ORGANISM""""""""D."BACTERIUM"

3."What"is"the"term"used"to"describe"the"non"living"factors"that"can"affect"an"ecosystem?""A.  BIOTIC""""""""B."ABIOTIC""""""""C."NON"BIOTIC"""""""D."AALIVING""

4."What"is"the"term"used"to"describe"the"living"factors"that"can"affect"an"ecosystem?""A.  BIOTIC""""""""B."ABIOTIC""""""""C."NON"BIOTIC"""""""D."AALIVING""

5."A"group"of"different"species"that"live"together"and"occupy"a"certain"area"are"known"as"what?"""A.  POPULATION"""""B."ECOSYSTEM""""C."COMMUNITY""""""D."BIOME"

6."A"flea"sucking"the"blood"from"a"cat"is"an"example"of"what"type"of"animal"interac;on?""A.  PREDATION""""""B."MUTUALISM"""""C."COMPETITION""""""D."PARASITISM"

7."Humans"have"bacteria"which"live"in"their"gut.""The"bacteria"aids"diges;on."What"type"of"interac;on"is"this?""A.  PREDATION""""""B."MUTUALISM""""C."COMPETITION""""""D."PARASITISM""8."What"is"the"correct"name"that"is"given"to"an"organism"that"is"eaten"by"a"predator?""A."VICTIM""""B."PREY""""""C."PARASITE"""""9."Within"an"ecosystem,"if"there"are"a"limited"supply"of"resources,"what"will"happen"to"the"organisms"in"that"ecosystem?""A."THEY"WILL"COMPETE"FOR"RESOURCES"""""B."SOME"WILL"DIE""""C."THEY"WILL"FLOURISH""""D."ANSWERS"A+B""10."How"can"resources"such"as"food,"water"and"space"result"in"the"increase"and"decrease"of"a"species"popula;on?""

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