LRTAP TFHM meeting Vienna 6-8 June 2007 “ Tor Faerden Senior Adviser Norwegian Pollution Control...
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Transcript of LRTAP TFHM meeting Vienna 6-8 June 2007 “ Tor Faerden Senior Adviser Norwegian Pollution Control...
LRTAP TFHM meeting Vienna 6-8 June 2007
“
Tor FaerdenSenior AdviserNorwegian Pollution Control Authority (SFT)
Reduction of Mercury Emissions from Manganese Industry
and Secondary Steel Industry
LRTAP TFHM meeting Vienna 6-8 June 2007
The Norwegian goal for reduced emissions of mercury
Compared with 1995, the emissions
shall be significantly reduced by 2010.
LRTAP TFHM meeting Vienna 6-8 June 2007
Emission and Deposition of Mercury in Norway
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
LRTB contribution Norwegian
emissions to air
LRTAP TFHM meeting Vienna 6-8 June 2007
Reduced Hg emissions from the Manganese Industry
2 manganese smelters formerly used ore from Australia and South Africa.
In 1999 the smelters were bought by a corporation which also is the owner of a mine in Gabon.
Change to ore from Gabon would increase mercury emissions from 10 to 600-1000 kg per year.
The smelters were instructed to apply for a pollution permit for Hg
LRTAP TFHM meeting Vienna 6-8 June 2007
A permit was issued by SFT, allowing the two smelters to emit 36 and 15 kg mercury per year.
The alternative routes for the smelters:
1 To use ore from competitors2 To install gas cleaning equipment
The company decided to go for alternative 2
LRTAP TFHM meeting Vienna 6-8 June 2007
The challenges:
• No proven technology was available• The waste gas is explosive
The way ahead:
4 possible suppliers carried out pilot tests at one of the plants to demonstrate possible technologies and to monitor cleaning efficiency.
LRTAP TFHM meeting Vienna 6-8 June 2007
Manganese smelters Simplified flow sheet for waste gas
Smeltingfurnace
Wet scrubber
WetESP
Hgadsorber
CO gas to consumer
HgDust and PAH
Dust
LRTAP TFHM meeting Vienna 6-8 June 2007
The result:
Installation of full scale gas cleaning facilities were completed in 2001/2002.
Investment per smelter: 5 mill EUR
Cleaning efficiency Hg > 99 %
Dust emission < 1 mg/Nm3
Other heavy metals: Low emissions
LRTAP TFHM meeting Vienna 6-8 June 2007
LRTAP TFHM meeting Vienna 6-8 June 2007
The secondary steel plant
Product: Reinforcing bars
Capacity: 700 000 tons per year (medium-sized secondary steel plant)
Hg emission: 120-150 kg per year Raw material: Steel scrap of low / medium quality, contaminated with heavy metals from surface treatment or from components previously connected to the steel
Steel scrap: 750 000 tons per year. 50 % is imported
LRTAP TFHM meeting Vienna 6-8 June 2007
Hg-contamination of steel scrap:
Hg in electrical componentsconnected to steel constructionsin used carsin instruments and electronic
equipmentin various consumer goods
Hg in chemicals used for anti-fouling of steel
A volume of Hg similar to 1 matchbox mixed into 2 000 tons of scrap per day is equal to 150 kg per year
LRTAP TFHM meeting Vienna 6-8 June 2007
Testwork done by the steel plant:
Test smelting combined with monitoring of Hg in waste gas with
- Selected types of scrap- Scrap from selected suppliers
Main conclusion:
The only way of achieving significant reduction of Hg emissions is through waste gas cleaning
LRTAP TFHM meeting Vienna 6-8 June 2007
The steel process
LRTAP TFHM meeting Vienna 6-8 June 2007
LRTAP TFHM meeting Vienna 6-8 June 2007
The challenges:
- Significant short term variations in concentration of dust, Hg and other heavy metals- No proven technology available
The way ahead:
A number of possible suppliers of gas cleaning technology were invited to make pilot scale tests and to monitor cleaning efficiency
LRTAP TFHM meeting Vienna 6-8 June 2007
Test result:
Possible future emission limit value:
30 kg per year
Also stricter limit values for dust and other heavy metals
Probably possible to clean 95 % of Hg in primary waste gas and 85 % of total emissions from the furnace
LRTAP TFHM meeting Vienna 6-8 June 2007
Decision on new emission limit values has been postponed until similar restrictions are given to other steel companies in EU.
Arguments:
• Investment (6 mill EUR) and operating cost (1 mill EUR/year) would weaken the competitive strength
of the company
• Unfair to place this burden on a single company within the steel industry since the problem is global and not local
LRTAP TFHM meeting Vienna 6-8 June 2007
News in 2006/2007
The steel plant has been sold to Celsa Group, Spain.
The new owner has decided to convert the steel process to the CONSTEEL process (preheating and continuous charging of scrap into the electric steel furnace). Investment 20 mill EUR
Environmenal adventage:Easier to collect and treat all waste gas
The company has applied for a new pollution permit where treatment of Hg and improved treatment of dust will be included.
LRTAP TFHM meeting Vienna 6-8 June 2007
Future recommendations on the international level:
• It is recommended that emissions of Hg from the steel industry should be examined closely.
• Steps should be taken to regulate Hg emissions from relevant industries.