LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1

OPERA status

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 2

OPERA experiment from detector construction to a working apparatus Practical running update

Past neutrino runs Detector target filling 2006-2007-2008

Data collection and analysis Statistics Prospects

After April 6 LrsquoAquila seism

OPERA French groupsAnnecy LAPP D Duchesneau J Favier H Pessard A Zghiche Lyon IPNL D Autiero T Brugiegravere A Cazes L Chaussard Y Deacuteclais J Marteau E Pennacchio T TranStrasbourg IPHC M Dracos C Jollet A Meregaglia

Outline

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 3

OPERA Direct observation of ντ appearance

CERN

LNGS

730 km

OPERA

bull Long baseline experiment in Europebull Nuclear emulsion techniques

OPERA

CNGS 17 GeV beam from CERN to Gran Sasso

bull From SPS 400 GeVcbull Cycle length 6 sbull Extractions

ndash 2 separated by 50 msbull Pulse length 105 sbull Beam intensity

ndash 24 1013 protonextrbull Expected performance

ndash 45 1019 potyear

SK (1998) atmospheric neutrino anomaly interpretable as oscillation

CHOOZ no rarr e oscillation

SK disappearance oscillation signal confirmed by K2K and MINOS

Gran Sasso underground laboratories1400 m rock overburden

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 4

Experimental signature tau neutrino CC detection

CC interaction+ N + X oscillation

B R ~

17

h n(o) B R ~ 50

e B R ~ 18

n(o) B R ~

14

-

Decay ldquokinkrdquo

-

c

oscillation

- c~ 87 m

no-oscillation

(asymp 600 m of path)

(with asymp 35 of Non-Scaling QE and 65 DIS)

(with asymp 11 of Non-Scaling QE and 89 DIS)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 5

Pb

Emulsion layers

1 mm

ECC concept (Emulsion Cloud Chamber)1 mm thick Pb layers interleaved with emulsions films (2 emulsion layers mthick poured on a 205m plastic base)

emu

lsio

n

emu

lsio

n

sup

po

rt

125cm

102cm

Track reconstruction accuracy in emulsion x 1 microm 1 mrad

One ldquoBRICKrdquo - 57 emulsion films - 56 Pb plates - a box with a removable pair of films

CS

10 X0

Changeable Sheet Doublet (CSd)

86 Kg

To reach O(Kton) mass the OPERA leadndashemulsion high granularity target is segmented into modular units called bricks

The OPERA way to detect the tau kink

150 000 bricks

~125 Ktons

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 6

20 m

10 m

Super Module 1 Super Module 2

electronics racks

Muon

Spectrometer

Target

TARGET TRACKERSbull 2 x 31 scintillator strips walls bull 256+256 X-Y stripswallbull WLS fiber readoutbull 64-channel H7546 PMTbull 63488 channelsbull 08 cm resol bull ε cong 99bull rate cong 20 Hzpixel 1 pe

INNER TRACKERSbull 990-ton Fe dipole magnets (B= 155 T) instrumented with 22 RPC planes (streamer mode)bull 3050 m2~13 cm spatial resol bull ε cong 96 (geometrical)

HIGH PRECISION TRACKERS6 drift-tube layersspectrometerspatial resolution lt 05 mm

Veto Drifttubes

RPCECCs

scint

strips

BRICK WALLSbull 53 walls filled with bricksbull 2850 brickswall

BMSBrick Manipulator system

The detector

Detector constructionSept 2003 - spring 2007

Target Trackersbull neutrino triggerbull brick localization

RPC + drift tubes in spectrometersbull muon ID bull momentumbull charge

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 7

CNGS-LNGS synchronization based on GPS Present precision 100 ns (could be improved up to 10 ns)

DAQ live-time gt99 Live-time during CNGS 989

Direction and momentum reconstruction for CNGS event

Charge and momentum reconstruction for cosmics

OK (Negligible cosmics bg)

OK

In progress

OPERA performance as on-line detector

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 8

CERN

Gran Sasso

2000

2004

2006

2008

1998

2002

2010

Approval

End of civil engineerin

g

End of construction

Commissioning

Elect-det only

60000 bricks

150000 bricks OPERA

CNGSCNGS runs

CNGS runs

2006 short pilot run No bricks Stop due to horn cooling

2007 (24th September ndash 20th October) 0082 x 1019 pot Only ~36 nominal days radiation shielding

problems 38 interactions in the bricks (32plusmn6 expected)

2008 (June 18th-November 3rd) 1782 x 1019 pot 10100 events on time ~1700 interactions in bricks 07 events expected

2008 first time long physics run poor CNGS performance at beginning better at the end (more CNGS cycles)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 9

CNGS Run 2008 18 June- 03 Nov 2008

0

2E+18

4E+18

6E+18

8E+18

1E+19

12E+19

14E+19

16E+19

18E+19

18-J

un

28-J

un

8-Ju

l

18-J

ul

28-J

ul

7-A

ug

17-A

ug

27-A

ug

6-S

ep

16-S

ep

26-S

ep

6-O

ct

16-O

ct

26-O

ct

5-N

ov

inte

gra

ted

po

t

Total 1781019 pot

18kV cable repair

MD

PS magnet exchange septum bakeout

MD

SPS timing faultvacuum leak amp magnet exchange

CNGS maintenance

SPS extraction line Magnet ground fault MD

CNGS maintenance

Nominal 45 1019 potyr

Beam to CNGSLHC FT MD

Beam to CNGSLHC FT

Beam to CNGS MD

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 10

After the LHC accident further increase of the intensity for OPERA (duty cycle 375 83)

SFTPRO 3xCNGS LHC MD

4 x CNGS2xCNGS

MTECNGS

LHC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11

Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic

data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex

Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick

CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)

If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs

Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)

A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located

OPERA data taking flow

Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008

Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing

emulsion development and assoc logistics were

big engineering enterpriseshellip

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12

Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred

Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events

Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets

Scanning of the Changeable Sheets

Identification of the primary vertex

Kinematic reconstruction and decay search

Part validated ()Fully validated

Fully validated

Fully validated

In progress ()

In progress ()

() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events

OPERA performance as hybrid detector

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13

Preliminary

Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)

Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)

Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)

Manca plot

Brick finding

Brick extractions End of CNGS run

Up to 25 bricks per shift

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14

MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK

Brick CSd

LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)

LNGS

Scanning of Changeable Sheets

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15

lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions

In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search

Vertex finding and decay search

Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months

1257565554535251504948hellip21

CSd

CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT

predictionbullangular range plusmn400

mradbullalignment by Xray

marks (10m accuracy) Scan back

bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)

bullstopping point

Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10

plates

track IP

Multiplicity

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16

NC CC Total

Bricks scanned 162 693 855

CS to brick connected 151 666 817

Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630

Passing through 10 35 45

Vertices in the dead material

2 9 11

PRELIMINARY

Analysis April 3rd 2009

Vertex location summary 2008 run

At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717

pair opening angle 10 mrad

E = 157 MeV

low p track

A beautiful A beautiful CC CC

ECC level

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18

A charm candidateA charm candidate

Kink

PRELIMINARY

em showers

vertex signature already evident in the CS

The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon

Charm search

8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19

kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39

+17 -09 GeV

pt = 796 MeVpt

MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)

The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink

Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20

A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am

295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong

damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless

38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)

LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment

The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th

Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected

Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21

Detector target filling situation

Mar 07

July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in

the detector until July 2008

Target preparations for 2009

-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 2

OPERA experiment from detector construction to a working apparatus Practical running update

Past neutrino runs Detector target filling 2006-2007-2008

Data collection and analysis Statistics Prospects

After April 6 LrsquoAquila seism

OPERA French groupsAnnecy LAPP D Duchesneau J Favier H Pessard A Zghiche Lyon IPNL D Autiero T Brugiegravere A Cazes L Chaussard Y Deacuteclais J Marteau E Pennacchio T TranStrasbourg IPHC M Dracos C Jollet A Meregaglia

Outline

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 3

OPERA Direct observation of ντ appearance

CERN

LNGS

730 km

OPERA

bull Long baseline experiment in Europebull Nuclear emulsion techniques

OPERA

CNGS 17 GeV beam from CERN to Gran Sasso

bull From SPS 400 GeVcbull Cycle length 6 sbull Extractions

ndash 2 separated by 50 msbull Pulse length 105 sbull Beam intensity

ndash 24 1013 protonextrbull Expected performance

ndash 45 1019 potyear

SK (1998) atmospheric neutrino anomaly interpretable as oscillation

CHOOZ no rarr e oscillation

SK disappearance oscillation signal confirmed by K2K and MINOS

Gran Sasso underground laboratories1400 m rock overburden

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 4

Experimental signature tau neutrino CC detection

CC interaction+ N + X oscillation

B R ~

17

h n(o) B R ~ 50

e B R ~ 18

n(o) B R ~

14

-

Decay ldquokinkrdquo

-

c

oscillation

- c~ 87 m

no-oscillation

(asymp 600 m of path)

(with asymp 35 of Non-Scaling QE and 65 DIS)

(with asymp 11 of Non-Scaling QE and 89 DIS)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 5

Pb

Emulsion layers

1 mm

ECC concept (Emulsion Cloud Chamber)1 mm thick Pb layers interleaved with emulsions films (2 emulsion layers mthick poured on a 205m plastic base)

emu

lsio

n

emu

lsio

n

sup

po

rt

125cm

102cm

Track reconstruction accuracy in emulsion x 1 microm 1 mrad

One ldquoBRICKrdquo - 57 emulsion films - 56 Pb plates - a box with a removable pair of films

CS

10 X0

Changeable Sheet Doublet (CSd)

86 Kg

To reach O(Kton) mass the OPERA leadndashemulsion high granularity target is segmented into modular units called bricks

The OPERA way to detect the tau kink

150 000 bricks

~125 Ktons

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 6

20 m

10 m

Super Module 1 Super Module 2

electronics racks

Muon

Spectrometer

Target

TARGET TRACKERSbull 2 x 31 scintillator strips walls bull 256+256 X-Y stripswallbull WLS fiber readoutbull 64-channel H7546 PMTbull 63488 channelsbull 08 cm resol bull ε cong 99bull rate cong 20 Hzpixel 1 pe

INNER TRACKERSbull 990-ton Fe dipole magnets (B= 155 T) instrumented with 22 RPC planes (streamer mode)bull 3050 m2~13 cm spatial resol bull ε cong 96 (geometrical)

HIGH PRECISION TRACKERS6 drift-tube layersspectrometerspatial resolution lt 05 mm

Veto Drifttubes

RPCECCs

scint

strips

BRICK WALLSbull 53 walls filled with bricksbull 2850 brickswall

BMSBrick Manipulator system

The detector

Detector constructionSept 2003 - spring 2007

Target Trackersbull neutrino triggerbull brick localization

RPC + drift tubes in spectrometersbull muon ID bull momentumbull charge

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 7

CNGS-LNGS synchronization based on GPS Present precision 100 ns (could be improved up to 10 ns)

DAQ live-time gt99 Live-time during CNGS 989

Direction and momentum reconstruction for CNGS event

Charge and momentum reconstruction for cosmics

OK (Negligible cosmics bg)

OK

In progress

OPERA performance as on-line detector

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 8

CERN

Gran Sasso

2000

2004

2006

2008

1998

2002

2010

Approval

End of civil engineerin

g

End of construction

Commissioning

Elect-det only

60000 bricks

150000 bricks OPERA

CNGSCNGS runs

CNGS runs

2006 short pilot run No bricks Stop due to horn cooling

2007 (24th September ndash 20th October) 0082 x 1019 pot Only ~36 nominal days radiation shielding

problems 38 interactions in the bricks (32plusmn6 expected)

2008 (June 18th-November 3rd) 1782 x 1019 pot 10100 events on time ~1700 interactions in bricks 07 events expected

2008 first time long physics run poor CNGS performance at beginning better at the end (more CNGS cycles)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 9

CNGS Run 2008 18 June- 03 Nov 2008

0

2E+18

4E+18

6E+18

8E+18

1E+19

12E+19

14E+19

16E+19

18E+19

18-J

un

28-J

un

8-Ju

l

18-J

ul

28-J

ul

7-A

ug

17-A

ug

27-A

ug

6-S

ep

16-S

ep

26-S

ep

6-O

ct

16-O

ct

26-O

ct

5-N

ov

inte

gra

ted

po

t

Total 1781019 pot

18kV cable repair

MD

PS magnet exchange septum bakeout

MD

SPS timing faultvacuum leak amp magnet exchange

CNGS maintenance

SPS extraction line Magnet ground fault MD

CNGS maintenance

Nominal 45 1019 potyr

Beam to CNGSLHC FT MD

Beam to CNGSLHC FT

Beam to CNGS MD

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 10

After the LHC accident further increase of the intensity for OPERA (duty cycle 375 83)

SFTPRO 3xCNGS LHC MD

4 x CNGS2xCNGS

MTECNGS

LHC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11

Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic

data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex

Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick

CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)

If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs

Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)

A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located

OPERA data taking flow

Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008

Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing

emulsion development and assoc logistics were

big engineering enterpriseshellip

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12

Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred

Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events

Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets

Scanning of the Changeable Sheets

Identification of the primary vertex

Kinematic reconstruction and decay search

Part validated ()Fully validated

Fully validated

Fully validated

In progress ()

In progress ()

() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events

OPERA performance as hybrid detector

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13

Preliminary

Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)

Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)

Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)

Manca plot

Brick finding

Brick extractions End of CNGS run

Up to 25 bricks per shift

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14

MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK

Brick CSd

LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)

LNGS

Scanning of Changeable Sheets

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15

lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions

In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search

Vertex finding and decay search

Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months

1257565554535251504948hellip21

CSd

CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT

predictionbullangular range plusmn400

mradbullalignment by Xray

marks (10m accuracy) Scan back

bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)

bullstopping point

Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10

plates

track IP

Multiplicity

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16

NC CC Total

Bricks scanned 162 693 855

CS to brick connected 151 666 817

Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630

Passing through 10 35 45

Vertices in the dead material

2 9 11

PRELIMINARY

Analysis April 3rd 2009

Vertex location summary 2008 run

At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717

pair opening angle 10 mrad

E = 157 MeV

low p track

A beautiful A beautiful CC CC

ECC level

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18

A charm candidateA charm candidate

Kink

PRELIMINARY

em showers

vertex signature already evident in the CS

The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon

Charm search

8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19

kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39

+17 -09 GeV

pt = 796 MeVpt

MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)

The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink

Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20

A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am

295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong

damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless

38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)

LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment

The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th

Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected

Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21

Detector target filling situation

Mar 07

July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in

the detector until July 2008

Target preparations for 2009

-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 3

OPERA Direct observation of ντ appearance

CERN

LNGS

730 km

OPERA

bull Long baseline experiment in Europebull Nuclear emulsion techniques

OPERA

CNGS 17 GeV beam from CERN to Gran Sasso

bull From SPS 400 GeVcbull Cycle length 6 sbull Extractions

ndash 2 separated by 50 msbull Pulse length 105 sbull Beam intensity

ndash 24 1013 protonextrbull Expected performance

ndash 45 1019 potyear

SK (1998) atmospheric neutrino anomaly interpretable as oscillation

CHOOZ no rarr e oscillation

SK disappearance oscillation signal confirmed by K2K and MINOS

Gran Sasso underground laboratories1400 m rock overburden

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 4

Experimental signature tau neutrino CC detection

CC interaction+ N + X oscillation

B R ~

17

h n(o) B R ~ 50

e B R ~ 18

n(o) B R ~

14

-

Decay ldquokinkrdquo

-

c

oscillation

- c~ 87 m

no-oscillation

(asymp 600 m of path)

(with asymp 35 of Non-Scaling QE and 65 DIS)

(with asymp 11 of Non-Scaling QE and 89 DIS)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 5

Pb

Emulsion layers

1 mm

ECC concept (Emulsion Cloud Chamber)1 mm thick Pb layers interleaved with emulsions films (2 emulsion layers mthick poured on a 205m plastic base)

emu

lsio

n

emu

lsio

n

sup

po

rt

125cm

102cm

Track reconstruction accuracy in emulsion x 1 microm 1 mrad

One ldquoBRICKrdquo - 57 emulsion films - 56 Pb plates - a box with a removable pair of films

CS

10 X0

Changeable Sheet Doublet (CSd)

86 Kg

To reach O(Kton) mass the OPERA leadndashemulsion high granularity target is segmented into modular units called bricks

The OPERA way to detect the tau kink

150 000 bricks

~125 Ktons

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 6

20 m

10 m

Super Module 1 Super Module 2

electronics racks

Muon

Spectrometer

Target

TARGET TRACKERSbull 2 x 31 scintillator strips walls bull 256+256 X-Y stripswallbull WLS fiber readoutbull 64-channel H7546 PMTbull 63488 channelsbull 08 cm resol bull ε cong 99bull rate cong 20 Hzpixel 1 pe

INNER TRACKERSbull 990-ton Fe dipole magnets (B= 155 T) instrumented with 22 RPC planes (streamer mode)bull 3050 m2~13 cm spatial resol bull ε cong 96 (geometrical)

HIGH PRECISION TRACKERS6 drift-tube layersspectrometerspatial resolution lt 05 mm

Veto Drifttubes

RPCECCs

scint

strips

BRICK WALLSbull 53 walls filled with bricksbull 2850 brickswall

BMSBrick Manipulator system

The detector

Detector constructionSept 2003 - spring 2007

Target Trackersbull neutrino triggerbull brick localization

RPC + drift tubes in spectrometersbull muon ID bull momentumbull charge

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 7

CNGS-LNGS synchronization based on GPS Present precision 100 ns (could be improved up to 10 ns)

DAQ live-time gt99 Live-time during CNGS 989

Direction and momentum reconstruction for CNGS event

Charge and momentum reconstruction for cosmics

OK (Negligible cosmics bg)

OK

In progress

OPERA performance as on-line detector

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 8

CERN

Gran Sasso

2000

2004

2006

2008

1998

2002

2010

Approval

End of civil engineerin

g

End of construction

Commissioning

Elect-det only

60000 bricks

150000 bricks OPERA

CNGSCNGS runs

CNGS runs

2006 short pilot run No bricks Stop due to horn cooling

2007 (24th September ndash 20th October) 0082 x 1019 pot Only ~36 nominal days radiation shielding

problems 38 interactions in the bricks (32plusmn6 expected)

2008 (June 18th-November 3rd) 1782 x 1019 pot 10100 events on time ~1700 interactions in bricks 07 events expected

2008 first time long physics run poor CNGS performance at beginning better at the end (more CNGS cycles)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 9

CNGS Run 2008 18 June- 03 Nov 2008

0

2E+18

4E+18

6E+18

8E+18

1E+19

12E+19

14E+19

16E+19

18E+19

18-J

un

28-J

un

8-Ju

l

18-J

ul

28-J

ul

7-A

ug

17-A

ug

27-A

ug

6-S

ep

16-S

ep

26-S

ep

6-O

ct

16-O

ct

26-O

ct

5-N

ov

inte

gra

ted

po

t

Total 1781019 pot

18kV cable repair

MD

PS magnet exchange septum bakeout

MD

SPS timing faultvacuum leak amp magnet exchange

CNGS maintenance

SPS extraction line Magnet ground fault MD

CNGS maintenance

Nominal 45 1019 potyr

Beam to CNGSLHC FT MD

Beam to CNGSLHC FT

Beam to CNGS MD

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 10

After the LHC accident further increase of the intensity for OPERA (duty cycle 375 83)

SFTPRO 3xCNGS LHC MD

4 x CNGS2xCNGS

MTECNGS

LHC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11

Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic

data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex

Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick

CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)

If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs

Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)

A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located

OPERA data taking flow

Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008

Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing

emulsion development and assoc logistics were

big engineering enterpriseshellip

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12

Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred

Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events

Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets

Scanning of the Changeable Sheets

Identification of the primary vertex

Kinematic reconstruction and decay search

Part validated ()Fully validated

Fully validated

Fully validated

In progress ()

In progress ()

() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events

OPERA performance as hybrid detector

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13

Preliminary

Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)

Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)

Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)

Manca plot

Brick finding

Brick extractions End of CNGS run

Up to 25 bricks per shift

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14

MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK

Brick CSd

LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)

LNGS

Scanning of Changeable Sheets

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15

lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions

In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search

Vertex finding and decay search

Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months

1257565554535251504948hellip21

CSd

CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT

predictionbullangular range plusmn400

mradbullalignment by Xray

marks (10m accuracy) Scan back

bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)

bullstopping point

Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10

plates

track IP

Multiplicity

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16

NC CC Total

Bricks scanned 162 693 855

CS to brick connected 151 666 817

Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630

Passing through 10 35 45

Vertices in the dead material

2 9 11

PRELIMINARY

Analysis April 3rd 2009

Vertex location summary 2008 run

At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717

pair opening angle 10 mrad

E = 157 MeV

low p track

A beautiful A beautiful CC CC

ECC level

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18

A charm candidateA charm candidate

Kink

PRELIMINARY

em showers

vertex signature already evident in the CS

The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon

Charm search

8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19

kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39

+17 -09 GeV

pt = 796 MeVpt

MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)

The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink

Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20

A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am

295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong

damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless

38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)

LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment

The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th

Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected

Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21

Detector target filling situation

Mar 07

July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in

the detector until July 2008

Target preparations for 2009

-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 4

Experimental signature tau neutrino CC detection

CC interaction+ N + X oscillation

B R ~

17

h n(o) B R ~ 50

e B R ~ 18

n(o) B R ~

14

-

Decay ldquokinkrdquo

-

c

oscillation

- c~ 87 m

no-oscillation

(asymp 600 m of path)

(with asymp 35 of Non-Scaling QE and 65 DIS)

(with asymp 11 of Non-Scaling QE and 89 DIS)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 5

Pb

Emulsion layers

1 mm

ECC concept (Emulsion Cloud Chamber)1 mm thick Pb layers interleaved with emulsions films (2 emulsion layers mthick poured on a 205m plastic base)

emu

lsio

n

emu

lsio

n

sup

po

rt

125cm

102cm

Track reconstruction accuracy in emulsion x 1 microm 1 mrad

One ldquoBRICKrdquo - 57 emulsion films - 56 Pb plates - a box with a removable pair of films

CS

10 X0

Changeable Sheet Doublet (CSd)

86 Kg

To reach O(Kton) mass the OPERA leadndashemulsion high granularity target is segmented into modular units called bricks

The OPERA way to detect the tau kink

150 000 bricks

~125 Ktons

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 6

20 m

10 m

Super Module 1 Super Module 2

electronics racks

Muon

Spectrometer

Target

TARGET TRACKERSbull 2 x 31 scintillator strips walls bull 256+256 X-Y stripswallbull WLS fiber readoutbull 64-channel H7546 PMTbull 63488 channelsbull 08 cm resol bull ε cong 99bull rate cong 20 Hzpixel 1 pe

INNER TRACKERSbull 990-ton Fe dipole magnets (B= 155 T) instrumented with 22 RPC planes (streamer mode)bull 3050 m2~13 cm spatial resol bull ε cong 96 (geometrical)

HIGH PRECISION TRACKERS6 drift-tube layersspectrometerspatial resolution lt 05 mm

Veto Drifttubes

RPCECCs

scint

strips

BRICK WALLSbull 53 walls filled with bricksbull 2850 brickswall

BMSBrick Manipulator system

The detector

Detector constructionSept 2003 - spring 2007

Target Trackersbull neutrino triggerbull brick localization

RPC + drift tubes in spectrometersbull muon ID bull momentumbull charge

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 7

CNGS-LNGS synchronization based on GPS Present precision 100 ns (could be improved up to 10 ns)

DAQ live-time gt99 Live-time during CNGS 989

Direction and momentum reconstruction for CNGS event

Charge and momentum reconstruction for cosmics

OK (Negligible cosmics bg)

OK

In progress

OPERA performance as on-line detector

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 8

CERN

Gran Sasso

2000

2004

2006

2008

1998

2002

2010

Approval

End of civil engineerin

g

End of construction

Commissioning

Elect-det only

60000 bricks

150000 bricks OPERA

CNGSCNGS runs

CNGS runs

2006 short pilot run No bricks Stop due to horn cooling

2007 (24th September ndash 20th October) 0082 x 1019 pot Only ~36 nominal days radiation shielding

problems 38 interactions in the bricks (32plusmn6 expected)

2008 (June 18th-November 3rd) 1782 x 1019 pot 10100 events on time ~1700 interactions in bricks 07 events expected

2008 first time long physics run poor CNGS performance at beginning better at the end (more CNGS cycles)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 9

CNGS Run 2008 18 June- 03 Nov 2008

0

2E+18

4E+18

6E+18

8E+18

1E+19

12E+19

14E+19

16E+19

18E+19

18-J

un

28-J

un

8-Ju

l

18-J

ul

28-J

ul

7-A

ug

17-A

ug

27-A

ug

6-S

ep

16-S

ep

26-S

ep

6-O

ct

16-O

ct

26-O

ct

5-N

ov

inte

gra

ted

po

t

Total 1781019 pot

18kV cable repair

MD

PS magnet exchange septum bakeout

MD

SPS timing faultvacuum leak amp magnet exchange

CNGS maintenance

SPS extraction line Magnet ground fault MD

CNGS maintenance

Nominal 45 1019 potyr

Beam to CNGSLHC FT MD

Beam to CNGSLHC FT

Beam to CNGS MD

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 10

After the LHC accident further increase of the intensity for OPERA (duty cycle 375 83)

SFTPRO 3xCNGS LHC MD

4 x CNGS2xCNGS

MTECNGS

LHC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11

Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic

data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex

Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick

CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)

If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs

Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)

A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located

OPERA data taking flow

Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008

Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing

emulsion development and assoc logistics were

big engineering enterpriseshellip

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12

Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred

Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events

Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets

Scanning of the Changeable Sheets

Identification of the primary vertex

Kinematic reconstruction and decay search

Part validated ()Fully validated

Fully validated

Fully validated

In progress ()

In progress ()

() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events

OPERA performance as hybrid detector

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13

Preliminary

Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)

Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)

Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)

Manca plot

Brick finding

Brick extractions End of CNGS run

Up to 25 bricks per shift

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14

MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK

Brick CSd

LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)

LNGS

Scanning of Changeable Sheets

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15

lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions

In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search

Vertex finding and decay search

Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months

1257565554535251504948hellip21

CSd

CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT

predictionbullangular range plusmn400

mradbullalignment by Xray

marks (10m accuracy) Scan back

bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)

bullstopping point

Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10

plates

track IP

Multiplicity

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16

NC CC Total

Bricks scanned 162 693 855

CS to brick connected 151 666 817

Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630

Passing through 10 35 45

Vertices in the dead material

2 9 11

PRELIMINARY

Analysis April 3rd 2009

Vertex location summary 2008 run

At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717

pair opening angle 10 mrad

E = 157 MeV

low p track

A beautiful A beautiful CC CC

ECC level

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18

A charm candidateA charm candidate

Kink

PRELIMINARY

em showers

vertex signature already evident in the CS

The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon

Charm search

8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19

kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39

+17 -09 GeV

pt = 796 MeVpt

MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)

The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink

Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20

A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am

295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong

damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless

38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)

LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment

The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th

Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected

Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21

Detector target filling situation

Mar 07

July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in

the detector until July 2008

Target preparations for 2009

-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 5

Pb

Emulsion layers

1 mm

ECC concept (Emulsion Cloud Chamber)1 mm thick Pb layers interleaved with emulsions films (2 emulsion layers mthick poured on a 205m plastic base)

emu

lsio

n

emu

lsio

n

sup

po

rt

125cm

102cm

Track reconstruction accuracy in emulsion x 1 microm 1 mrad

One ldquoBRICKrdquo - 57 emulsion films - 56 Pb plates - a box with a removable pair of films

CS

10 X0

Changeable Sheet Doublet (CSd)

86 Kg

To reach O(Kton) mass the OPERA leadndashemulsion high granularity target is segmented into modular units called bricks

The OPERA way to detect the tau kink

150 000 bricks

~125 Ktons

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 6

20 m

10 m

Super Module 1 Super Module 2

electronics racks

Muon

Spectrometer

Target

TARGET TRACKERSbull 2 x 31 scintillator strips walls bull 256+256 X-Y stripswallbull WLS fiber readoutbull 64-channel H7546 PMTbull 63488 channelsbull 08 cm resol bull ε cong 99bull rate cong 20 Hzpixel 1 pe

INNER TRACKERSbull 990-ton Fe dipole magnets (B= 155 T) instrumented with 22 RPC planes (streamer mode)bull 3050 m2~13 cm spatial resol bull ε cong 96 (geometrical)

HIGH PRECISION TRACKERS6 drift-tube layersspectrometerspatial resolution lt 05 mm

Veto Drifttubes

RPCECCs

scint

strips

BRICK WALLSbull 53 walls filled with bricksbull 2850 brickswall

BMSBrick Manipulator system

The detector

Detector constructionSept 2003 - spring 2007

Target Trackersbull neutrino triggerbull brick localization

RPC + drift tubes in spectrometersbull muon ID bull momentumbull charge

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 7

CNGS-LNGS synchronization based on GPS Present precision 100 ns (could be improved up to 10 ns)

DAQ live-time gt99 Live-time during CNGS 989

Direction and momentum reconstruction for CNGS event

Charge and momentum reconstruction for cosmics

OK (Negligible cosmics bg)

OK

In progress

OPERA performance as on-line detector

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 8

CERN

Gran Sasso

2000

2004

2006

2008

1998

2002

2010

Approval

End of civil engineerin

g

End of construction

Commissioning

Elect-det only

60000 bricks

150000 bricks OPERA

CNGSCNGS runs

CNGS runs

2006 short pilot run No bricks Stop due to horn cooling

2007 (24th September ndash 20th October) 0082 x 1019 pot Only ~36 nominal days radiation shielding

problems 38 interactions in the bricks (32plusmn6 expected)

2008 (June 18th-November 3rd) 1782 x 1019 pot 10100 events on time ~1700 interactions in bricks 07 events expected

2008 first time long physics run poor CNGS performance at beginning better at the end (more CNGS cycles)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 9

CNGS Run 2008 18 June- 03 Nov 2008

0

2E+18

4E+18

6E+18

8E+18

1E+19

12E+19

14E+19

16E+19

18E+19

18-J

un

28-J

un

8-Ju

l

18-J

ul

28-J

ul

7-A

ug

17-A

ug

27-A

ug

6-S

ep

16-S

ep

26-S

ep

6-O

ct

16-O

ct

26-O

ct

5-N

ov

inte

gra

ted

po

t

Total 1781019 pot

18kV cable repair

MD

PS magnet exchange septum bakeout

MD

SPS timing faultvacuum leak amp magnet exchange

CNGS maintenance

SPS extraction line Magnet ground fault MD

CNGS maintenance

Nominal 45 1019 potyr

Beam to CNGSLHC FT MD

Beam to CNGSLHC FT

Beam to CNGS MD

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 10

After the LHC accident further increase of the intensity for OPERA (duty cycle 375 83)

SFTPRO 3xCNGS LHC MD

4 x CNGS2xCNGS

MTECNGS

LHC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11

Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic

data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex

Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick

CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)

If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs

Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)

A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located

OPERA data taking flow

Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008

Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing

emulsion development and assoc logistics were

big engineering enterpriseshellip

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12

Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred

Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events

Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets

Scanning of the Changeable Sheets

Identification of the primary vertex

Kinematic reconstruction and decay search

Part validated ()Fully validated

Fully validated

Fully validated

In progress ()

In progress ()

() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events

OPERA performance as hybrid detector

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13

Preliminary

Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)

Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)

Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)

Manca plot

Brick finding

Brick extractions End of CNGS run

Up to 25 bricks per shift

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14

MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK

Brick CSd

LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)

LNGS

Scanning of Changeable Sheets

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15

lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions

In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search

Vertex finding and decay search

Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months

1257565554535251504948hellip21

CSd

CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT

predictionbullangular range plusmn400

mradbullalignment by Xray

marks (10m accuracy) Scan back

bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)

bullstopping point

Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10

plates

track IP

Multiplicity

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16

NC CC Total

Bricks scanned 162 693 855

CS to brick connected 151 666 817

Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630

Passing through 10 35 45

Vertices in the dead material

2 9 11

PRELIMINARY

Analysis April 3rd 2009

Vertex location summary 2008 run

At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717

pair opening angle 10 mrad

E = 157 MeV

low p track

A beautiful A beautiful CC CC

ECC level

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18

A charm candidateA charm candidate

Kink

PRELIMINARY

em showers

vertex signature already evident in the CS

The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon

Charm search

8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19

kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39

+17 -09 GeV

pt = 796 MeVpt

MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)

The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink

Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20

A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am

295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong

damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless

38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)

LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment

The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th

Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected

Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21

Detector target filling situation

Mar 07

July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in

the detector until July 2008

Target preparations for 2009

-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 6

20 m

10 m

Super Module 1 Super Module 2

electronics racks

Muon

Spectrometer

Target

TARGET TRACKERSbull 2 x 31 scintillator strips walls bull 256+256 X-Y stripswallbull WLS fiber readoutbull 64-channel H7546 PMTbull 63488 channelsbull 08 cm resol bull ε cong 99bull rate cong 20 Hzpixel 1 pe

INNER TRACKERSbull 990-ton Fe dipole magnets (B= 155 T) instrumented with 22 RPC planes (streamer mode)bull 3050 m2~13 cm spatial resol bull ε cong 96 (geometrical)

HIGH PRECISION TRACKERS6 drift-tube layersspectrometerspatial resolution lt 05 mm

Veto Drifttubes

RPCECCs

scint

strips

BRICK WALLSbull 53 walls filled with bricksbull 2850 brickswall

BMSBrick Manipulator system

The detector

Detector constructionSept 2003 - spring 2007

Target Trackersbull neutrino triggerbull brick localization

RPC + drift tubes in spectrometersbull muon ID bull momentumbull charge

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 7

CNGS-LNGS synchronization based on GPS Present precision 100 ns (could be improved up to 10 ns)

DAQ live-time gt99 Live-time during CNGS 989

Direction and momentum reconstruction for CNGS event

Charge and momentum reconstruction for cosmics

OK (Negligible cosmics bg)

OK

In progress

OPERA performance as on-line detector

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 8

CERN

Gran Sasso

2000

2004

2006

2008

1998

2002

2010

Approval

End of civil engineerin

g

End of construction

Commissioning

Elect-det only

60000 bricks

150000 bricks OPERA

CNGSCNGS runs

CNGS runs

2006 short pilot run No bricks Stop due to horn cooling

2007 (24th September ndash 20th October) 0082 x 1019 pot Only ~36 nominal days radiation shielding

problems 38 interactions in the bricks (32plusmn6 expected)

2008 (June 18th-November 3rd) 1782 x 1019 pot 10100 events on time ~1700 interactions in bricks 07 events expected

2008 first time long physics run poor CNGS performance at beginning better at the end (more CNGS cycles)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 9

CNGS Run 2008 18 June- 03 Nov 2008

0

2E+18

4E+18

6E+18

8E+18

1E+19

12E+19

14E+19

16E+19

18E+19

18-J

un

28-J

un

8-Ju

l

18-J

ul

28-J

ul

7-A

ug

17-A

ug

27-A

ug

6-S

ep

16-S

ep

26-S

ep

6-O

ct

16-O

ct

26-O

ct

5-N

ov

inte

gra

ted

po

t

Total 1781019 pot

18kV cable repair

MD

PS magnet exchange septum bakeout

MD

SPS timing faultvacuum leak amp magnet exchange

CNGS maintenance

SPS extraction line Magnet ground fault MD

CNGS maintenance

Nominal 45 1019 potyr

Beam to CNGSLHC FT MD

Beam to CNGSLHC FT

Beam to CNGS MD

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 10

After the LHC accident further increase of the intensity for OPERA (duty cycle 375 83)

SFTPRO 3xCNGS LHC MD

4 x CNGS2xCNGS

MTECNGS

LHC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11

Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic

data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex

Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick

CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)

If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs

Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)

A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located

OPERA data taking flow

Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008

Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing

emulsion development and assoc logistics were

big engineering enterpriseshellip

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12

Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred

Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events

Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets

Scanning of the Changeable Sheets

Identification of the primary vertex

Kinematic reconstruction and decay search

Part validated ()Fully validated

Fully validated

Fully validated

In progress ()

In progress ()

() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events

OPERA performance as hybrid detector

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13

Preliminary

Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)

Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)

Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)

Manca plot

Brick finding

Brick extractions End of CNGS run

Up to 25 bricks per shift

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14

MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK

Brick CSd

LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)

LNGS

Scanning of Changeable Sheets

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15

lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions

In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search

Vertex finding and decay search

Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months

1257565554535251504948hellip21

CSd

CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT

predictionbullangular range plusmn400

mradbullalignment by Xray

marks (10m accuracy) Scan back

bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)

bullstopping point

Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10

plates

track IP

Multiplicity

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16

NC CC Total

Bricks scanned 162 693 855

CS to brick connected 151 666 817

Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630

Passing through 10 35 45

Vertices in the dead material

2 9 11

PRELIMINARY

Analysis April 3rd 2009

Vertex location summary 2008 run

At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717

pair opening angle 10 mrad

E = 157 MeV

low p track

A beautiful A beautiful CC CC

ECC level

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18

A charm candidateA charm candidate

Kink

PRELIMINARY

em showers

vertex signature already evident in the CS

The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon

Charm search

8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19

kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39

+17 -09 GeV

pt = 796 MeVpt

MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)

The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink

Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20

A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am

295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong

damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless

38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)

LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment

The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th

Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected

Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21

Detector target filling situation

Mar 07

July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in

the detector until July 2008

Target preparations for 2009

-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 7

CNGS-LNGS synchronization based on GPS Present precision 100 ns (could be improved up to 10 ns)

DAQ live-time gt99 Live-time during CNGS 989

Direction and momentum reconstruction for CNGS event

Charge and momentum reconstruction for cosmics

OK (Negligible cosmics bg)

OK

In progress

OPERA performance as on-line detector

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 8

CERN

Gran Sasso

2000

2004

2006

2008

1998

2002

2010

Approval

End of civil engineerin

g

End of construction

Commissioning

Elect-det only

60000 bricks

150000 bricks OPERA

CNGSCNGS runs

CNGS runs

2006 short pilot run No bricks Stop due to horn cooling

2007 (24th September ndash 20th October) 0082 x 1019 pot Only ~36 nominal days radiation shielding

problems 38 interactions in the bricks (32plusmn6 expected)

2008 (June 18th-November 3rd) 1782 x 1019 pot 10100 events on time ~1700 interactions in bricks 07 events expected

2008 first time long physics run poor CNGS performance at beginning better at the end (more CNGS cycles)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 9

CNGS Run 2008 18 June- 03 Nov 2008

0

2E+18

4E+18

6E+18

8E+18

1E+19

12E+19

14E+19

16E+19

18E+19

18-J

un

28-J

un

8-Ju

l

18-J

ul

28-J

ul

7-A

ug

17-A

ug

27-A

ug

6-S

ep

16-S

ep

26-S

ep

6-O

ct

16-O

ct

26-O

ct

5-N

ov

inte

gra

ted

po

t

Total 1781019 pot

18kV cable repair

MD

PS magnet exchange septum bakeout

MD

SPS timing faultvacuum leak amp magnet exchange

CNGS maintenance

SPS extraction line Magnet ground fault MD

CNGS maintenance

Nominal 45 1019 potyr

Beam to CNGSLHC FT MD

Beam to CNGSLHC FT

Beam to CNGS MD

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 10

After the LHC accident further increase of the intensity for OPERA (duty cycle 375 83)

SFTPRO 3xCNGS LHC MD

4 x CNGS2xCNGS

MTECNGS

LHC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11

Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic

data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex

Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick

CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)

If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs

Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)

A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located

OPERA data taking flow

Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008

Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing

emulsion development and assoc logistics were

big engineering enterpriseshellip

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12

Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred

Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events

Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets

Scanning of the Changeable Sheets

Identification of the primary vertex

Kinematic reconstruction and decay search

Part validated ()Fully validated

Fully validated

Fully validated

In progress ()

In progress ()

() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events

OPERA performance as hybrid detector

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13

Preliminary

Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)

Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)

Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)

Manca plot

Brick finding

Brick extractions End of CNGS run

Up to 25 bricks per shift

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14

MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK

Brick CSd

LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)

LNGS

Scanning of Changeable Sheets

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15

lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions

In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search

Vertex finding and decay search

Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months

1257565554535251504948hellip21

CSd

CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT

predictionbullangular range plusmn400

mradbullalignment by Xray

marks (10m accuracy) Scan back

bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)

bullstopping point

Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10

plates

track IP

Multiplicity

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16

NC CC Total

Bricks scanned 162 693 855

CS to brick connected 151 666 817

Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630

Passing through 10 35 45

Vertices in the dead material

2 9 11

PRELIMINARY

Analysis April 3rd 2009

Vertex location summary 2008 run

At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717

pair opening angle 10 mrad

E = 157 MeV

low p track

A beautiful A beautiful CC CC

ECC level

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18

A charm candidateA charm candidate

Kink

PRELIMINARY

em showers

vertex signature already evident in the CS

The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon

Charm search

8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19

kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39

+17 -09 GeV

pt = 796 MeVpt

MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)

The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink

Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20

A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am

295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong

damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless

38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)

LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment

The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th

Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected

Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21

Detector target filling situation

Mar 07

July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in

the detector until July 2008

Target preparations for 2009

-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 8

CERN

Gran Sasso

2000

2004

2006

2008

1998

2002

2010

Approval

End of civil engineerin

g

End of construction

Commissioning

Elect-det only

60000 bricks

150000 bricks OPERA

CNGSCNGS runs

CNGS runs

2006 short pilot run No bricks Stop due to horn cooling

2007 (24th September ndash 20th October) 0082 x 1019 pot Only ~36 nominal days radiation shielding

problems 38 interactions in the bricks (32plusmn6 expected)

2008 (June 18th-November 3rd) 1782 x 1019 pot 10100 events on time ~1700 interactions in bricks 07 events expected

2008 first time long physics run poor CNGS performance at beginning better at the end (more CNGS cycles)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 9

CNGS Run 2008 18 June- 03 Nov 2008

0

2E+18

4E+18

6E+18

8E+18

1E+19

12E+19

14E+19

16E+19

18E+19

18-J

un

28-J

un

8-Ju

l

18-J

ul

28-J

ul

7-A

ug

17-A

ug

27-A

ug

6-S

ep

16-S

ep

26-S

ep

6-O

ct

16-O

ct

26-O

ct

5-N

ov

inte

gra

ted

po

t

Total 1781019 pot

18kV cable repair

MD

PS magnet exchange septum bakeout

MD

SPS timing faultvacuum leak amp magnet exchange

CNGS maintenance

SPS extraction line Magnet ground fault MD

CNGS maintenance

Nominal 45 1019 potyr

Beam to CNGSLHC FT MD

Beam to CNGSLHC FT

Beam to CNGS MD

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 10

After the LHC accident further increase of the intensity for OPERA (duty cycle 375 83)

SFTPRO 3xCNGS LHC MD

4 x CNGS2xCNGS

MTECNGS

LHC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11

Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic

data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex

Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick

CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)

If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs

Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)

A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located

OPERA data taking flow

Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008

Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing

emulsion development and assoc logistics were

big engineering enterpriseshellip

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12

Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred

Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events

Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets

Scanning of the Changeable Sheets

Identification of the primary vertex

Kinematic reconstruction and decay search

Part validated ()Fully validated

Fully validated

Fully validated

In progress ()

In progress ()

() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events

OPERA performance as hybrid detector

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13

Preliminary

Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)

Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)

Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)

Manca plot

Brick finding

Brick extractions End of CNGS run

Up to 25 bricks per shift

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14

MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK

Brick CSd

LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)

LNGS

Scanning of Changeable Sheets

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15

lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions

In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search

Vertex finding and decay search

Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months

1257565554535251504948hellip21

CSd

CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT

predictionbullangular range plusmn400

mradbullalignment by Xray

marks (10m accuracy) Scan back

bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)

bullstopping point

Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10

plates

track IP

Multiplicity

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16

NC CC Total

Bricks scanned 162 693 855

CS to brick connected 151 666 817

Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630

Passing through 10 35 45

Vertices in the dead material

2 9 11

PRELIMINARY

Analysis April 3rd 2009

Vertex location summary 2008 run

At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717

pair opening angle 10 mrad

E = 157 MeV

low p track

A beautiful A beautiful CC CC

ECC level

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18

A charm candidateA charm candidate

Kink

PRELIMINARY

em showers

vertex signature already evident in the CS

The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon

Charm search

8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19

kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39

+17 -09 GeV

pt = 796 MeVpt

MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)

The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink

Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20

A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am

295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong

damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless

38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)

LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment

The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th

Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected

Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21

Detector target filling situation

Mar 07

July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in

the detector until July 2008

Target preparations for 2009

-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 9

CNGS Run 2008 18 June- 03 Nov 2008

0

2E+18

4E+18

6E+18

8E+18

1E+19

12E+19

14E+19

16E+19

18E+19

18-J

un

28-J

un

8-Ju

l

18-J

ul

28-J

ul

7-A

ug

17-A

ug

27-A

ug

6-S

ep

16-S

ep

26-S

ep

6-O

ct

16-O

ct

26-O

ct

5-N

ov

inte

gra

ted

po

t

Total 1781019 pot

18kV cable repair

MD

PS magnet exchange septum bakeout

MD

SPS timing faultvacuum leak amp magnet exchange

CNGS maintenance

SPS extraction line Magnet ground fault MD

CNGS maintenance

Nominal 45 1019 potyr

Beam to CNGSLHC FT MD

Beam to CNGSLHC FT

Beam to CNGS MD

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 10

After the LHC accident further increase of the intensity for OPERA (duty cycle 375 83)

SFTPRO 3xCNGS LHC MD

4 x CNGS2xCNGS

MTECNGS

LHC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11

Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic

data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex

Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick

CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)

If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs

Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)

A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located

OPERA data taking flow

Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008

Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing

emulsion development and assoc logistics were

big engineering enterpriseshellip

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12

Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred

Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events

Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets

Scanning of the Changeable Sheets

Identification of the primary vertex

Kinematic reconstruction and decay search

Part validated ()Fully validated

Fully validated

Fully validated

In progress ()

In progress ()

() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events

OPERA performance as hybrid detector

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13

Preliminary

Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)

Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)

Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)

Manca plot

Brick finding

Brick extractions End of CNGS run

Up to 25 bricks per shift

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14

MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK

Brick CSd

LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)

LNGS

Scanning of Changeable Sheets

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15

lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions

In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search

Vertex finding and decay search

Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months

1257565554535251504948hellip21

CSd

CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT

predictionbullangular range plusmn400

mradbullalignment by Xray

marks (10m accuracy) Scan back

bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)

bullstopping point

Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10

plates

track IP

Multiplicity

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16

NC CC Total

Bricks scanned 162 693 855

CS to brick connected 151 666 817

Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630

Passing through 10 35 45

Vertices in the dead material

2 9 11

PRELIMINARY

Analysis April 3rd 2009

Vertex location summary 2008 run

At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717

pair opening angle 10 mrad

E = 157 MeV

low p track

A beautiful A beautiful CC CC

ECC level

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18

A charm candidateA charm candidate

Kink

PRELIMINARY

em showers

vertex signature already evident in the CS

The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon

Charm search

8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19

kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39

+17 -09 GeV

pt = 796 MeVpt

MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)

The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink

Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20

A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am

295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong

damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless

38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)

LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment

The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th

Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected

Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21

Detector target filling situation

Mar 07

July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in

the detector until July 2008

Target preparations for 2009

-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 10

After the LHC accident further increase of the intensity for OPERA (duty cycle 375 83)

SFTPRO 3xCNGS LHC MD

4 x CNGS2xCNGS

MTECNGS

LHC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11

Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic

data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex

Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick

CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)

If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs

Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)

A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located

OPERA data taking flow

Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008

Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing

emulsion development and assoc logistics were

big engineering enterpriseshellip

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12

Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred

Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events

Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets

Scanning of the Changeable Sheets

Identification of the primary vertex

Kinematic reconstruction and decay search

Part validated ()Fully validated

Fully validated

Fully validated

In progress ()

In progress ()

() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events

OPERA performance as hybrid detector

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13

Preliminary

Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)

Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)

Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)

Manca plot

Brick finding

Brick extractions End of CNGS run

Up to 25 bricks per shift

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14

MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK

Brick CSd

LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)

LNGS

Scanning of Changeable Sheets

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15

lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions

In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search

Vertex finding and decay search

Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months

1257565554535251504948hellip21

CSd

CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT

predictionbullangular range plusmn400

mradbullalignment by Xray

marks (10m accuracy) Scan back

bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)

bullstopping point

Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10

plates

track IP

Multiplicity

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16

NC CC Total

Bricks scanned 162 693 855

CS to brick connected 151 666 817

Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630

Passing through 10 35 45

Vertices in the dead material

2 9 11

PRELIMINARY

Analysis April 3rd 2009

Vertex location summary 2008 run

At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717

pair opening angle 10 mrad

E = 157 MeV

low p track

A beautiful A beautiful CC CC

ECC level

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18

A charm candidateA charm candidate

Kink

PRELIMINARY

em showers

vertex signature already evident in the CS

The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon

Charm search

8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19

kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39

+17 -09 GeV

pt = 796 MeVpt

MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)

The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink

Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20

A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am

295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong

damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless

38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)

LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment

The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th

Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected

Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21

Detector target filling situation

Mar 07

July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in

the detector until July 2008

Target preparations for 2009

-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 11

Trigger + event selection ldquoon timerdquo with CNGS Brick finding reconstruction algorithm applied to electronic

data to select the best candidate brick to contain the neutrino interaction vertex

Brick removed by the Brick Manipulation System (BMS) and exposed to (frontal) X-rays to make an alignment reference between CSd and brick

CSd detached from brick films developed and analysed in one of the CS Scanning Stations in Europe (LNGS) or in Japan (Nagoya)

If a TT-predicted track is found in the CSd the brick is exposed to (lateral) X-rays beam and to cosmic rays for sheets alignment Brick is disassembled and emulsion films developed and sent to one of the scanning labs

Tracks found in the CSd are searched for in the most downstream film of the brick and followed (scan-back procedure)

A volume scan around the neutrino interaction point is performed and the neutrino vertex is located

OPERA data taking flow

Several ancillary facilities have been validated at nominal speed only in 2008

Brick assembly manipulation DB tracing

emulsion development and assoc logistics were

big engineering enterpriseshellip

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12

Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred

Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events

Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets

Scanning of the Changeable Sheets

Identification of the primary vertex

Kinematic reconstruction and decay search

Part validated ()Fully validated

Fully validated

Fully validated

In progress ()

In progress ()

() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events

OPERA performance as hybrid detector

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13

Preliminary

Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)

Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)

Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)

Manca plot

Brick finding

Brick extractions End of CNGS run

Up to 25 bricks per shift

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14

MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK

Brick CSd

LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)

LNGS

Scanning of Changeable Sheets

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15

lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions

In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search

Vertex finding and decay search

Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months

1257565554535251504948hellip21

CSd

CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT

predictionbullangular range plusmn400

mradbullalignment by Xray

marks (10m accuracy) Scan back

bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)

bullstopping point

Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10

plates

track IP

Multiplicity

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16

NC CC Total

Bricks scanned 162 693 855

CS to brick connected 151 666 817

Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630

Passing through 10 35 45

Vertices in the dead material

2 9 11

PRELIMINARY

Analysis April 3rd 2009

Vertex location summary 2008 run

At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717

pair opening angle 10 mrad

E = 157 MeV

low p track

A beautiful A beautiful CC CC

ECC level

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18

A charm candidateA charm candidate

Kink

PRELIMINARY

em showers

vertex signature already evident in the CS

The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon

Charm search

8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19

kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39

+17 -09 GeV

pt = 796 MeVpt

MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)

The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink

Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20

A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am

295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong

damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless

38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)

LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment

The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th

Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected

Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21

Detector target filling situation

Mar 07

July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in

the detector until July 2008

Target preparations for 2009

-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 12

Prediction of the brick where interaction occurred

Extraction of Bricks at the rate of CNGS events

Alignment and development of Changeable Sheets

Scanning of the Changeable Sheets

Identification of the primary vertex

Kinematic reconstruction and decay search

Part validated ()Fully validated

Fully validated

Fully validated

In progress ()

In progress ()

() Extr of 1deg brick nearly completed 2deg in progress () First results on a subsample of ~200 events

OPERA performance as hybrid detector

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13

Preliminary

Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)

Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)

Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)

Manca plot

Brick finding

Brick extractions End of CNGS run

Up to 25 bricks per shift

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14

MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK

Brick CSd

LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)

LNGS

Scanning of Changeable Sheets

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15

lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions

In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search

Vertex finding and decay search

Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months

1257565554535251504948hellip21

CSd

CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT

predictionbullangular range plusmn400

mradbullalignment by Xray

marks (10m accuracy) Scan back

bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)

bullstopping point

Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10

plates

track IP

Multiplicity

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16

NC CC Total

Bricks scanned 162 693 855

CS to brick connected 151 666 817

Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630

Passing through 10 35 45

Vertices in the dead material

2 9 11

PRELIMINARY

Analysis April 3rd 2009

Vertex location summary 2008 run

At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717

pair opening angle 10 mrad

E = 157 MeV

low p track

A beautiful A beautiful CC CC

ECC level

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18

A charm candidateA charm candidate

Kink

PRELIMINARY

em showers

vertex signature already evident in the CS

The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon

Charm search

8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19

kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39

+17 -09 GeV

pt = 796 MeVpt

MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)

The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink

Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20

A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am

295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong

damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless

38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)

LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment

The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th

Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected

Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21

Detector target filling situation

Mar 07

July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in

the detector until July 2008

Target preparations for 2009

-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 13

Preliminary

Check sample of extracted 1deg bricks with CS scanned 700 events (full stat results will follow)

Tracks found in the CS 601st Brick finding (correct for dead material and CS efficiency) 70 (OK)

Expectation after 2nd extraction 80(check with real data in progress)

Manca plot

Brick finding

Brick extractions End of CNGS run

Up to 25 bricks per shift

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14

MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK

Brick CSd

LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)

LNGS

Scanning of Changeable Sheets

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15

lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions

In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search

Vertex finding and decay search

Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months

1257565554535251504948hellip21

CSd

CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT

predictionbullangular range plusmn400

mradbullalignment by Xray

marks (10m accuracy) Scan back

bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)

bullstopping point

Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10

plates

track IP

Multiplicity

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16

NC CC Total

Bricks scanned 162 693 855

CS to brick connected 151 666 817

Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630

Passing through 10 35 45

Vertices in the dead material

2 9 11

PRELIMINARY

Analysis April 3rd 2009

Vertex location summary 2008 run

At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717

pair opening angle 10 mrad

E = 157 MeV

low p track

A beautiful A beautiful CC CC

ECC level

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18

A charm candidateA charm candidate

Kink

PRELIMINARY

em showers

vertex signature already evident in the CS

The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon

Charm search

8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19

kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39

+17 -09 GeV

pt = 796 MeVpt

MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)

The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink

Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20

A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am

295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong

damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless

38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)

LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment

The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th

Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected

Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21

Detector target filling situation

Mar 07

July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in

the detector until July 2008

Target preparations for 2009

-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 14

MC independent test of track finding efficiency in CS in a subsample of fully located event (sb ~ 90) OK

Brick CSd

LNGS (Italy) NAGOYA (Japan)

LNGS

Scanning of Changeable Sheets

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15

lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions

In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search

Vertex finding and decay search

Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months

1257565554535251504948hellip21

CSd

CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT

predictionbullangular range plusmn400

mradbullalignment by Xray

marks (10m accuracy) Scan back

bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)

bullstopping point

Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10

plates

track IP

Multiplicity

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16

NC CC Total

Bricks scanned 162 693 855

CS to brick connected 151 666 817

Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630

Passing through 10 35 45

Vertices in the dead material

2 9 11

PRELIMINARY

Analysis April 3rd 2009

Vertex location summary 2008 run

At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717

pair opening angle 10 mrad

E = 157 MeV

low p track

A beautiful A beautiful CC CC

ECC level

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18

A charm candidateA charm candidate

Kink

PRELIMINARY

em showers

vertex signature already evident in the CS

The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon

Charm search

8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19

kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39

+17 -09 GeV

pt = 796 MeVpt

MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)

The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink

Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20

A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am

295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong

damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless

38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)

LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment

The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th

Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected

Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21

Detector target filling situation

Mar 07

July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in

the detector until July 2008

Target preparations for 2009

-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 15

lsquodata collectionrsquo from emulsions

In progressbullvertex efficiency with large statisticsbullBackscattering studies bullcharm topologies search

Vertex finding and decay search

Test sample ~200 fully rec events seems OK full results need some more months

1257565554535251504948hellip21

CSd

CSd general scan bull 50 cm2 around TT

predictionbullangular range plusmn400

mradbullalignment by Xray

marks (10m accuracy) Scan back

bullalignment using cosmic ray tracks (2m accuracy)

bullstopping point

Volume Scan bull1 cm2 10

plates

track IP

Multiplicity

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16

NC CC Total

Bricks scanned 162 693 855

CS to brick connected 151 666 817

Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630

Passing through 10 35 45

Vertices in the dead material

2 9 11

PRELIMINARY

Analysis April 3rd 2009

Vertex location summary 2008 run

At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717

pair opening angle 10 mrad

E = 157 MeV

low p track

A beautiful A beautiful CC CC

ECC level

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18

A charm candidateA charm candidate

Kink

PRELIMINARY

em showers

vertex signature already evident in the CS

The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon

Charm search

8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19

kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39

+17 -09 GeV

pt = 796 MeVpt

MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)

The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink

Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20

A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am

295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong

damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless

38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)

LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment

The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th

Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected

Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21

Detector target filling situation

Mar 07

July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in

the detector until July 2008

Target preparations for 2009

-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 16

NC CC Total

Bricks scanned 162 693 855

CS to brick connected 151 666 817

Vertices located in the brick 100 530 630

Passing through 10 35 45

Vertices in the dead material

2 9 11

PRELIMINARY

Analysis April 3rd 2009

Vertex location summary 2008 run

At least 1 CS trackconnected in brick 96Located events77Passing through (wall misidentification) 6Interactions in dead material ~ 2

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717

pair opening angle 10 mrad

E = 157 MeV

low p track

A beautiful A beautiful CC CC

ECC level

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18

A charm candidateA charm candidate

Kink

PRELIMINARY

em showers

vertex signature already evident in the CS

The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon

Charm search

8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19

kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39

+17 -09 GeV

pt = 796 MeVpt

MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)

The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink

Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20

A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am

295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong

damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless

38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)

LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment

The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th

Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected

Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21

Detector target filling situation

Mar 07

July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in

the detector until July 2008

Target preparations for 2009

-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 1717

pair opening angle 10 mrad

E = 157 MeV

low p track

A beautiful A beautiful CC CC

ECC level

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18

A charm candidateA charm candidate

Kink

PRELIMINARY

em showers

vertex signature already evident in the CS

The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon

Charm search

8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19

kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39

+17 -09 GeV

pt = 796 MeVpt

MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)

The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink

Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20

A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am

295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong

damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless

38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)

LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment

The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th

Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected

Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21

Detector target filling situation

Mar 07

July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in

the detector until July 2008

Target preparations for 2009

-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 18

A charm candidateA charm candidate

Kink

PRELIMINARY

em showers

vertex signature already evident in the CS

The charmed hadron is ldquoinsiderdquo the hadronic jet and back to back with the muon

Charm search

8 candidates found for 10 expected in a sample of ~550 CC

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19

kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39

+17 -09 GeV

pt = 796 MeVpt

MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)

The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink

Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20

A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am

295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong

damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless

38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)

LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment

The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th

Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected

Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21

Detector target filling situation

Mar 07

July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in

the detector until July 2008

Target preparations for 2009

-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 19

kink angle = 0204 radDecay length = 3247 μmp(daughter) = 39

+17 -09 GeV

pt = 796 MeVpt

MIN= 606 MeV (90 CL)

The charm decay kinkThe charm decay kink

Secondary Vertex (1 prong decay)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20

A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am

295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong

damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless

38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)

LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment

The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th

Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected

Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21

Detector target filling situation

Mar 07

July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in

the detector until July 2008

Target preparations for 2009

-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 20

A strong earthquake (MI=63) hit the LrsquoAquila area on April 6th at 0332 am

295 died 1170 were hurt at LrsquoAquila and surrounding villages The quake epicenter was only at 88 km depth causing strong

damages in a limited area Many houses collapsed 10 to 15000 buildings were damaged 50K people are homeless

38K people still lived in tents last week either homeless of fearing aftershocks (that lasted more than 2 weeks)

LNGS laboratories ~20 km away have no apparent damages OPERA seems intact although geometric measurements should be done to check its structure and alignment

The most important problem for the lab is the situation of the staff LNGS will officially reopen on May 5th

Those dramatic circumstances will translate into some delay all activities being stopped for 15 months brick extractions and (re)insertions CS scanning -gt 2008 brick analysis are affected

Consequences of the April 2009 LrsquoAquila seism

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21

Detector target filling situation

Mar 07

July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in

the detector until July 2008

Target preparations for 2009

-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 21

Detector target filling situation

Mar 07

July 08146405 bricks were produced and installed in

the detector until July 2008

Target preparations for 2009

-3200 new bricks produced after the recovery of the lead production chain (damaged by an explosion in 2008) were loaded to complete the OPERA targetRemain to be inserted 2500 bricks-In preparation of the 2009 run from February to April the OPERA target was under a reshuffling operation needed to replace CS films in about 15000 bricks (10 of the whole target) About 8200 remain to be re-inserted-About 300 candidate bricks from 2008 run remain to be extracted (2nd brick extraction)

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 22

In 2008 after a difficult startup OPERA got from CNGS a significant integrated intensity (~2 1019 pot) 2008 was OPERA first real physics run

The construction of OPERA is complete all sub-detectors and ancillary facilities are fully operative

4 months after the end of the data taking most of the analysis chain has been validated

The last steps vertex and kinematic analysis of the full sample will be completed in a few months

Following the LrsquoAquila earthquake in April CERN is awaiting a green light of OPERA to start the 2009 CNGS operation hopefully with very little delay

OPERA needs as many pots as possible soon to succeed in its physics program

Conclusions

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 23

The End

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24

LPNHE Paris April 28th 2009 GDR Neutrino H Pessard 24

Expected background Charmed particles produced in CC and NC

interaction Hadron re-interactions in lead Large angle scattering of muons produced in CC

events 0 misidentification

Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year and target mass = 13 kton

Occurs if primary muon is not detected and possible wrong charge measurement of secondary muon Muon ID is a crucial issue

01729 - micro-

01735 - e-

02431 - h-

01709 - 3h

BackgroundSignal

m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2

- decay channels

075 ALL 104

() BR()

x BR =106

Physics potential

• Slide 1
• Slide 2
• Slide 3
• Slide 4
• Slide 5
• Slide 6
• Slide 7
• Slide 8
• Slide 9
• Slide 10
• Slide 11
• Slide 12
• Slide 13
• Slide 14
• Slide 15
• Slide 16
• Slide 17
• Slide 18
• Slide 19
• Slide 20
• Slide 21
• Slide 22
• Slide 23
• Slide 24