Low-GWP Technology: The Next Generation

Global Fluorocarbon Producers Forum

Low-GWP Technology: The Next Generation

Wednesday 12th

July

1pm to 3 pm

Meeting Room A

We invite you to join us at this side event which will examine the characteristics of low-GWP

alternatives that can meet the goals of the Kigali Amendment. Speakers will consider criteria such as

global warming potential, energy efficiency, system cost, regulatory standards constraints, and safety

• Peter Sleigh, Mexichem

• Yong Song Yang, Arkema

• Greg Picker, Refrigerants Australia & AREMA

• Mark Stanga, Daikin

• Mike Thompson, Ingersoll Rand

• Dave Stirpe, Honeywell

• Suwimon Thamthanarauk, Chemours

GFPF and Cefic decline all liability (direct or indirect) for these charts, their use and consequences whatsoever. This information has been completed in good faith and is believed to be the latest available.

*This table includes only commercial products intended for use in RAC and foam blowing applications

Commercially

available products

by category

Chemical Source Toxicity Flammability ASHRAE

CATEGORY GWP ODP

HFCs, single

component or

blends

simple organic

molecules

containing carbon,

hydrogen and

fluorine

Chemical synthesis

and blending

Generally low

toxicity

*(see footnote 2)

nonflammable to

mildly flammable

A1 or A2L

*(see footnotes 1 &

2)

HFCs used

commercially in

non-specialty

applications can

have GWP of up to

4000

negligible or none

HFOs

Generally heavier

simple organic

molecules

containing carbon,

hydrogen and

fluorine, some

HFOs also contain

chlorine

Chemical synthesis Low toxicity nonflammable to

mildly flammable A1 or A2L <10 negligible or none

HFC/HFO blends

mixture of HFCs

and HFOs in

various proportions

Chemical synthesis

and blending low toxicity

nonflammable to

mildly flammable A1 or A2L

Generally

significantly lower

than HFCs for the

same application

negligible or none

Hydrocarbons

simple organic

molecules

containing carbon

and hydrogen only

Hydrocracking,

petrochemical

distillation

Low toxicity

highly flammable,

can lead to

explosion

A3 <10 negligible or none

Ammonia

inorganic molecule

containing nitrogen

and hydrogen

Chemical synthesis high toxicity mildly flammable B2 0 negligible or none

CO2

organic molecule

containing carbon

and oxygen only

Various Industrial

Processes Low toxicity not flammable A1 1 negligible or none

* footnote 1 HFCs are either nonflammable (ASHRAE Category 1) or mildly flammable (ASHRAE 2L). The only exception is HFC-152a, which is ASHRAE Category 2

* footnote 2 Most commercially used HFCs have low toxicity (ASHRAE Category A), with the exception of HFC-245fa (ASHRAE Category B)

Sector in Cold Chain Picture of System Current

Refrigerants

AR4

GWP

Next Generation Zero

ODP Alternatives Safety System Cost

Energy

Efficiency GWP

Commercial Refrigeration

Low Temp

Standalone

R-404A 3922

High GWP HFC

HC

Lower GWP HFCs and

HFC/HFO blends

R-134a 1430 HFO

CO2

Ammonia

Condensing Unit

R-404A 3922

High GWP HFC

HC

Lower GWP HFCs and

HFC/HFO blends

HFO

CO2

ammonia

Centralized Systems

R-404A 3922

High GWP HFC

HC (SL only)

Lower GWP HFCs and

HFC/HFO blends

HFO (1234 - SL)

CO2

ammonia (SL only)

Road Vehicles,

Containers, Ships

R-404A 3922 High GWP HFC

HC

R-134a 1430

Lower GWP HFCs and

HFC/HFO blends

HFO

CO2

ammonia

Small Self-Contained Air Conditioning

Portable,

Window, Through

Wall


HC

R-407C 1774

Lower GWP HFCs and

HFC/HFO blends

HFO

CO2

HCFC-22 1810 ammonia

GFPF and Cefic decline all liability (direct or indirect) for these charts, their use and consequences whatsoever. This information has been completed in good faith and is believed to be the latest available.

Sector in Cold Chain Picture of System Current

Refrigerants

AR4

GWP

Next Generation Zero

ODP Alternatives Safety System Cost

Energy

Efficiency GWP

Small Split Air Conditioning

Small Split AC


HC

R-407C 1774

Lower GWP HFCs and

HFC/HFO blends

HFO

CO2

HCFC-22 1810 ammonia

Large Air Conditioning (Air-to-Air)

Large Single Splits

and Multisplits


HC

R-407C 1774

Lower GWP HFCs and

HFO blends

HFO

HCFC-22 1810 CO2

ammonia

VRF Systems


HC

R-407C 1774

Lower GWP HFCs and

HFC/HFO blends

HFO

HCFC-22 1810 CO2

ammonia

Ducted and

Packaged Rooftops


HC

R-407C 1774

Lower GWP HFCs and

HFC/HFO blends

HFO

HCFC -22 1810 CO2

ammonia

Water Chillers for Air Conditioning

Small/Medium

sized chillers


HC

R-407C 1774

Lower GWP HFCs and

HFC/HFO blends

HFO

HCFC -22 1810 CO2

ammonia

Large Chillers

R-134a 1430 High GWP HFC

HC

HCFC-123 77

Lower GWP HFCs or

blends

HFO

CO2

ammonia

Australia as a Guinea Pig:

the introduction of R32GREG PICKER

REFRIGERANTS AUSTRALIA AND AREMA

Why Australia?

! Technician Licencing

! Capacity to roll out training

nationally

! Ability to get everyone in a

single room

Challenges in introducing R32

! Standards

! Tanks and Valves

! Supply across a big country

! Recovery of a flammable refrigerant

Australian Market Penetration of R32

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

Q1 2015 Q2 2015 Q3 2015 Q4 2015 Q1 2016 Q2 2016 Q3 2016

Residential A/C Units imported

R410a Units R32 Units Linear (R410a Units) Linear (R32 Units)

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000

400000

450000

Q1 2015 Q2 2015 Q3 2015 Q4 2015 Q1 2016 Q2 2016 Q3 2016

Total Charge from residential A/C imported

R410a kg R32 Kg Linear (R410a kg) Linear (R32 Kg)

“Safe” is defined in ISO Guide 51

Freedom from risk which is not tolerable

!"#$%&'#$(%)*+*(),(-&.&,(/0),)*1%2("3(45","627(!%&8$(&,8(

9,8:*1%2(;04!9<=(1. Chemical factory: 1/100K [accident/year site]

2. Car: 1/10M [accident/year unit]

3.  Home appliance: 1/100M [accident/year unit] for every 1M units on

the market

Concept of Tolerable Risk

About 1 accident per 100 years

!  Daikin assesses four basic factors when making the best balanced refrigerant choice for each application g pp

Application Cooling Capacity

[kW]

Charge size [kg]

Ignition

probability when

used in room [No measures,

Number/AC/year]

Risk during operation

Regulation GWP ban

Result

2.2 8 0.5 2

3.9×10-15

residential

room・

No mechanical

ventilation)

Acceptable (Need a measure for floor standing indoor

unit

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

"#

!$%& '() !

*)+,

3.6 28 3 19

4.2×10-12

Office・

No mechanical

ventilation

Acceptable Need a measure for

floor standing indoor

unit and outdoor unit

installed at narrow space

!!!!!

"#

!!!!!!!$%& '() !

*)*)

More than

above

More than

above

7.6×10-13

Office・

No mechanical

ventilation

Acceptable Need a measure for

floor standing indoor

unit and outdoor unit

installed at narrow space

-./!0# !!!!!!

"#

!!123.4!

5#2/63.478#2 !

14 150 5 88

7.6×10-9

Office・

No ventilation

during night time

Need a measure

according to charge size. room size)

! !!!!!

9.:7;.3!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!!123.4!

5#2/63.478#2

8 1400 1 7000 6.2×10-5

Machine room/no

ventilation

Need a

regulatory

requirement

Upon equipment

capacity

!!!!!

9.:7;.3!

!!123.4!

5#2/63.478#2

Residential

VRF

Light commercial

Water source chiller

JP: 8 companies

JP: 2 companiesJP: 3 companies CN: 1 company

JP: 3 companies JP: 4 companies CN: 1 company EU: 1 company

JP: 4 companies CN: 1 company EU: 2 companies

JP: 3 companies TH: 2 companies KR: 1 company CN: 1 company US: 1 company

JP: 1 company

JP: 2 companies Phil: 1 company

JP: 1 company

JP: 1 company

Europe

Russia

Japan

Australia/New ZealandIndonesia

Thailand

Philippines

VietnamIndia

Saudi/UAE/Oman

TurkeyUSA

KR: 1 company (Window) US: 1 company (Window) JP: 1 company (PTAC)

MalaysiaJP: 1 company

SingaporeJP: 1 company

TaiwanJP: 2 company TW: 1 company

* In the case of 1.3kg (including extra charging at installation) of refrigerant charge. Refrigerant charge volume reduction and

improvement of Energy Efficiency derived from R32 use are not considered.

* Based on press releases or catalog information

! Daikin sold about 10 million units in over 50 countries

! About 27 million R32 RAC units have been sold worldwide

! More than 47 million* tons of CO2 have been reduced by R32(Daikin’s estimate as of April 2017)

Canada

Mexico

CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF TRANE & Ingersoll-RandAll slides contained within this presentation are property of Trane and cannot be used without explicit consent from Trane.

Mike ThompsonDirector of Refrigerant ApplicationsIngersoll-Rand

Mike ThompsonDirector of Refrigerant ApplicationsIngersoll-Rand

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AC

In

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Ne

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eg

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Pa

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High P

ressureM

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ressureLow

Pressure

Efficiency (COP)Global Warming Potential (CO2=1.0)

GWP Values are per AR5 of the 2013 UN climate reportBV represents “Burning Velocity” of 2L refrigerants range from 0-10 cm/sec.

R-11

R-123

R-12

R-245fa

R-1233zd

R-514A

R-134a

R-513A

R-1234yf

R-1234ze

R-22

R-410A

R-32

R-452B

2L

BV

3.0

2L

BV

1.5

2L

BV

0.0

2L

BV

6.7

More choices emerging…



Larg

e Ton

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entrifu

gal C

hillers

Larg

e Cen

trifug

al M

ediu

m S

crew C

hillers

Un

itary/RA

CR

esiden

tial

Areas to Exceed Current Efficiencies

- Scroll compressors (Unitary/RAC)

- Moving from R-410A to R-452B or R-32 will result in a 3-4% efficiency improvement

- Screw compressors (Air and water cooled chillers)

- Moving from R-134a to R-1234ze will result in no loss in energy efficiency

- Centrifugal Compressors (Large tonnage water cooled chillers)

- Moving from R-134a to R-1233zd or R-514A will result in a 7-10% efficiency improvement

Smart technology transitions will result in efficiency improvementsSmart technology transitions will result in efficiency improvements

Refrigerant Choices & ComparisonScrew & Centrifugal Technology Options

Chiller efficiency impacted by refrigerant choiceChiller efficiency impacted by refrigerant choice

Solstice™ LBA and GBA: Sustainable Solutions for Foam Applications

SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS for FOAM APPLICATIONS

Solstice™

LBAGWP = 1

Non-ODP

VOC-Exempt

Non-Flammable

Solstice™

GBAGWP < 1

Non-ODP

VOC-Exempt

Non-Flammable

Replaces:

245fa, 365mfc,

141b, HC

Replaces:

22, 142b, HC,

141b, 134a

152a, CO2

Refrigerator / Freezer

Spray Foam

Insulated Metal Panels, Reefers

Extruded Polystyrene

One Component Foam

Froth Foam

3210

21

16

2825

3419

26

2423

17

2 43

22

296

40145

34 36

38 37 39

1

20

7

8

9

13

33

11 12

3027

15

31 18

Low-GWP Technology: The Next Generation

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