Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense?...
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![Page 1: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Los perfectos
![Page 2: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Perfect Tenses•Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense?
•Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like: home + work= homework
play + ground= playground.
•A compound tense is 2 verbs used together to form 1 tense.
![Page 3: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Past Participle
All perfect tenses are made up of two parts: the helping verb haber and the past participle of the main verb:
helping verb past participle helping verb past participle
He has eaten. We have seen.
They have left. You have finished.
I have studied. She has fallen.
![Page 4: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
¿Qué es el presente perfecto?
The present perfect is formed by combining:
The
helping verb HABER
(“have” or “has”)
+the past participle
![Page 5: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Past Participle
All perfect tenses are made up of two parts: the helping verb and the past participle of the main verb:
helping verb past participle helping verb past participle
I have studied. We have seen
You have finished.
He has eaten. They have left.
She has fallen. You all have helped.
![Page 6: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
This is how you form the past participle in Spanish:
Drop the –ar and add –ado:
hablar hablado nadar nadado
pensar pensado almorzar almorzado
llegar llegado estar estado
Drop the –er or –ir and add –ido:
comer comido poder podido
aprender aprendido querer querido
asistir asistido venir venido
![Page 7: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
There are, of course, irregular past participles in Spanish as there are in English.
call have called
jump have jumped
look have looked
eat have eated???? have eatenbring have bringed???? have brought
![Page 8: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
R roto
E escrito
V visto
V vuelto
M muerto
A abierto
C cubierto
P puesto
H hecho
D dicho
D devuelto
![Page 9: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Not exactly irregular but…
-er and –ir verbs whose stems end in a vowel have past participles ending in –ído
caer → caído creer → creído
leer → leído oír → oído
reír → reído traer → traído
![Page 10: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Click here to go to a brief practice exercise.
![Page 11: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Para formar en español
• In Spanish we form the present perfect by combining the present tense of the verb haber (the helping verb, or el verbo auxiliar) with a past participle– For example:
• Yo he bailado.I have danced.
• Nosotros no hemos estudiado para el examen.We haven’t studied for the test.
![Page 12: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The present tense of haber
he hemos
has habéis
ha han
![Page 13: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Para formar…
Here are the present perfect forms of estudiar:
he estudiado hemos estudiado
has estudiado habéis estudiado
ha estudiado han estudiado
![Page 14: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Now you try…
he ________ hemos _______
has ________ habéis ________
ha ________ han ________
On your notes, see if you can figure out the present perfect forms for the verb hablar:
![Page 15: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
he hablado hemos hablado
has hablado habéis hablado
ha hablado han hablado
Is this what you came up with?
![Page 16: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Let’s try another…
Now see if you can form the present perfect forms of the verb tomar:
__ ________ ____ _______
___ ________ _____ ________
__ ________ ___ ________
![Page 17: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Is this what you got?
he tomado hemos tomado
has tomado habéis tomado
ha tomado han tomado
![Page 18: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Let’s try another one…see if you can come up with the present perfect tense of ir:
__ ___ _____ ___
___ ___ ______ ___
__ ___ ___ ______
![Page 19: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Is this what you came up with?
he ido hemos ido
has ido habéis ido
ha ido han ido
![Page 20: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Many of you may have assumed that ir had an irregular past participle. Afterall, it does have an irregular present participle. But ir is actually regular in this form.
![Page 21: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Click Click here to go to a brief practice exercise. to go to a brief practice exercise.
![Page 22: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Pluperfect(Past Perfect)
(Pluscuamperfecto)The past perfect (also called the pluperfect and, in Spanish, the pluscuamperfecto), remember, is the past of the past and translates with “had” in English. ALL perfect tenses get a helping verb and a past participle:
present perfect he has eatenpast perfect he had eatenfuture perfect he will have eatenconditional perfect he would have eaten
![Page 23: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
As you saw, the present perfect tense has a set of helping verbs that come from “haber”:
he hemos
has habéis
ha han
The same is true of the past perfect. The helping verbs for the past perfect are the imperfect form of “haber”:
había hablado habíamos hablado
habías hablado habíais hablado
había hablado habían hablado
![Page 24: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Note that the endings on “haber” for the past perfect are the endings for the imperfect tense:
había habíamos
habías habíais
había habían
The present perfect is the PRESENT tense of “haber” + the past participle.
The past perfect tense is the IMPERFECT (PAST) tense of “haber” + the past participle.
Guess what the future perfect tense is composed of. But that’s another lesson.
![Page 25: Los perfectos Perfect Tenses Any perfect tense is a compound tense. But what is a compound tense? Easy!! A compound word is 2 words put together like:](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551473c2550346b0158b51b7/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Click here to go to a brief practice exercise.