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The story of an hour

Kate Chopin

Kate Chopin, born Katherine O'Flaherty, was an American author of short stories and novels. she was a local colourist known as an interpreter of New Orlean s culture. She is now considered by some to have been a forerunner of the feminist authors of the 20th century. Born: Feb 08, 1850 · St. Louis, Missouri Died: Aug 22, 1904 · St. Louis, Missouri Education: Academy of the Sacred Heart, St. Charles

Timeline1855: After her father's death in 1855, Chopin developed a close relationship with her mother, grandmother, and great-grandmother. 1870: In 1870, at the age of 20, she married Oscar Chopin and settled in New Orleans. 1899: In 1899, her second novel, The Awakening was published and the book was criticized because of its moral as well as its literary standards.

characters: Louise Mallard :young,calm face,roundBrently Mallard: husband of Louise:lover,uninformed,flat Josephine: sister of Louise :worried,kind,cautious,flatRichards; friend of Brently Mallard:cautious,kind,informed,flat Setting: This story takes place in the 1900’s in Mrs. Mallard's house.The majority of the story takes place in a specific part of the house, Louis’s bedroom.in spring,the weather was good(blue sky,green trees,sparrows were singing).it happenes in an hour.the narrator:Third Person (Omniscient)Protogonist:Mrs. Mallard is a classic late nineteenth-century protagonistAntagonist:Even though Mr. Mallard seems like a perfectly nice guy, the fact is, right after seeing him alive again, his wife dies.In that way, Mr. Mallard is totally an antagonist.

Internal conflict:Mrs.Mallard struggles with her grief,and then also struggles with a piece of new knowledge coming at her.She tries to avoid it,but can’t completely push it off.finally,she gives up to the realization that she is free,and that she is glad.

External conflict:She was sad and cried about her husband’s death.

Dispute between the couples .

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Climax:The climax of "The Story of an Hour"is when Mrs. Mallard came out from her

room trimphantly,suddenly Brently who was expected to be died opened the door and intered calmly,finally Louise was shocked and killed by joy.

Conclusion:Suddenly, a totally unexpected thing happens: Mr. Mallard comes home.

Everyone's shocked, except Mr. Mallard, who has no idea of what's been going on. Even though Josephine and Richards are surprised too, they try to keep Mrs. Mallard from receiving the shock. But they can't. As she saw her husband,her heart stopped working of joy that kills.

Situational irony:Irony involving a situation in which actions have an effect that is opposite from what was intended,so that the outcome is contrary to what was expected.

Dramatic irony:A literary technique,originally used in Greek tragedy,by which the full significance of a character’s words or actions is clear to the audience or reader although unknown to the character.

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Irony:Mr. Mallard lives and Mrs. Mallard dies. That's situational irony.Mr. Mallard dies. Mrs. Mallard cries...because she's happy. You wouldn't

expect that.Josephine is worried that Mrs. Mallard has locked herself in her room and is

making herself ill. She's actually in there contemplating how wonderful her life's going to be. That's both situational and dramatic irony.

Mrs. Mallard dies from the shock of seeing her husband. The doctors say she died from "the joy that kills." We know Mrs. Mallard is no where near full of joy. That's dramatic irony.

The weather was good(blue sky,green trees, sparrows were singing)are irony of freedom.

Marriage for most of the people is starting the new life , happiness and motherhood,but marriage represent of limitation and suppression for her.

moral point: News of someone else's death, if told the wrong way, can be lethal.Don't judge immediately.Spend the life in the best way.

symbol:Heart Troubles - The heart is traditionally a symbol of an individual's emotional core.Her physical heart problems symbolize her emotional heart problems as it relates to marriage.Marriage-It symbolizes of new life , happiness and motherhood,but marriage represent of limitation and suppression for her.Spring Time , blue sky- are symbol of her new life and new hope. The armchair-It symbolizes rest from her oppressive life and freedom in her new life.The word free is symbolizes of her life can be her own now.Open window,pleasure sense represent freedom.

plot(summary):Louise Mallard has heart trouble, so she must be informed carefully about her husband’s death. Her sister, Josephine, tells her the news. Louise’s husband’s friend, Richards, learned about a railroad disaster when he was in the newspaper office and saw Louise’s husband, Brently, on the list of those killed. Louise begins sobbing when Josephine tells her of Brently’s death and goes upstairs to be alone in her room. Louise sits down and looks out an open window. She sees trees, smells approaching rain, and hears a peddler yelling out what he’s selling. She hears someone singing as well as the sounds of sparrows, and there are fluffy white clouds in the sky. She is young, with lines around her eyes. Still crying, she gazes into the distance. She feels apprehensive and tries to suppress the building emotions within her, but can’t. She begins repeating the word Free! to herself over and over again. Her heart beats quickly, and she feels very warm. Louise knows she’ll cry again when she sees Brently’s corpse. His hands were tender, and he always looked at her lovingly. But then she imagines the years ahead, which belong only to her now, and spreads her arms out joyfully with anticipation. She will be free, on her own without anyone to oppress her. She thinks that all women and men oppress one another even if they do it out of kindness. Louise knows that she often felt love for Brently but tells herself that none of that matters anymore. She feels ecstatic with her newfound sense of independence. Mrs. Mallard leaves her room and rejoins her sister who has been outside the door worrying. She carries herself “like a goddess of Victory” as she joins her sister to return downstairs where Richards still waits. On their way down the stairs, they hear the front door open and see Mr. Mallard walk in.He hadn’t been in the train accident or even aware that one had happened.The short story ends with the abrupt death of Mrs. Mallard, whose heart gives out. Her doctors explain that she died of a heart attack brought on by happiness.

conceal: verb [transitive] formal کردن پنهان to hide something carefully

afflict: verb [transitive often passive] formal آزردن; کردن رنجور

to affect someone or something in an unpleasant way, and make them suffer

veiled: adjective پوشاندن hidden or unclear

hint: noun[countable] تذکر; اشاره something that you say or do to suggest something to someone, without telling them directly

intelligenece:noun[uncountable] آگاهیnews

hasten:verb(formal) شتافتن

1 [transitive] to make something happen faster or sooner2 [intransitive] to do or say something quickly or without delay [= hurry]

forstall:verb[transitive] formal کردن ممانعت

to prevent something from happening or prevent someone from doing something by doing something first

abandonment:noun [uncountable] ; واگذاریترکforsaking,leaving

roomy:adjective وسیع;جادار

spacious,big

haunted:adjective دیدار مکرر کردن;تردد کردن

visited,ghosty

aquiver:nounshaking

peddler:noun[countable] دستفروش[old-fashioned]someone who sells illegal drugs

wares:noun[plural](old-fashioned) کاال;اجناس

goods;things that are for sale,usually not in a shop

sparrow:noun[countable] گنجشک

a small brown bird,very common in many parts of the world

twittering:verb[intransitive] زدن چهچه

singing

eaves:noun[plural] بام پیش آمدگی لبهthe edges of a roof

patch:noun[countable] تکه;وصله

part of an area

bespoke: adjective سفارشی;قراردادیsuggested

yonder:adverb آنسو;واقعدر آنجا

overthere-used to how or explain where something or someone is

suspension:noun توقف stopping something subtle:adjective دقیق;لطیفdelicate;tenuous

elusive:adjective فراری;گریزان;کسی که از دیگران دوری می کندnot easy to describe

tumultuous:adjective پر آشوب;همهمه;بی نظمconfused;noisy;violent

strive:verb(formal)[intransitive] کردن کوششtrying;to make a great effort to achieve something

keen:adjective sharp;eagerتیز;مشتاقmonstrous:adjective absurd;very wrong,immoral,or unfair

exalted:adjective بلندمرتبه;متعالhaving a very high rank and highly respected

trivial:adjective جزئی;ناچیز;بدیهی

not serious,important,or valuable

perception:noun درک; دریافت

understanding

illumination:noun(formal)[uncountable] سازی روشن

lighting provided by a lamp,light etc

self-assertion:noun[uncountable] خودپسند

impulse:noun انگیزه ناگهانی

sudden urge

implore:verb (formal) التماس کردن به asking earnestly;beg

elixir:noun[countable] اکسیر;کیمیا

imaginary cure for all ills

fancy: (noun) [uncountable] خیال;تصور imagination

riot:noun[countable] شورش;دادو بیدادdeveloping nonstop

importunities:noun اصرار persisting requests

feverish:adjective بیقرارexcited or worried about something

unwittingly:adverb بی خبر;بی توجهunknowingly

gripsack:noun ساک;خورجینbag travelling

composedly:adverb به آرامی;با آسایش خاطرcalmly

feminist:noun[countable] طرفدار حقوق زنانsomeone who supports the idea that women should have the same rights and opportunities as men

For Discussion Part 1

1. In the first half of the story, how dose the writer help to prepare for Mrs. Mallard's words, free, free, free? By losing limitation and suppression of marriage, then open the window and feel freedom. 2. Is Mrs. Mallard's grief sincere?No, It isn't truth grief 3. what is ironic in her years of marriage ? Unlike other people's marriage, her years of marriage represent limitation and suppression. 4. How accurate is the doctor's final diagnosis? Doctor said she had died because the shock of joyful. 5. What is the central conflict of the story ? Is it external or internal? I think internal, because Mrs. Mallard struggles with her grief and struggles with a piece of new knowledge coming at her. She can't completely push it off. She feels freedom and she is glad.

 Part 2 1. what are the types of irony in this story ? Dramatic irony and situational irony 2. Discuss the climax and the resolution of the story. How does title of the story forewarn us of this ending? All of this happen in an hour and as the woman has round character, her moral change easily in an hour.

The End

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