Location and Layout of the Technical Infrastructure at the IIIT Allahabad

Mithilesh Kr. Mishra for INDEM - IIITA

(IIITA Network Development, Engineering and Management)

MBA/MS Orientation Program17.07.2007

Objective Familiarize with the technical infrastructure, setup Clarify the basic fundamentals and demonstrate the

simplicity and usefulness of services Outline the importance and availability of resources,

your role and expectations from you Generate interest to increase efficiency in order to

ensure the optimum use of technical resources Equip to handle day-to-day basic technical problems Motivate you all to increase your skills on computer

and be part of resource management team Realize the importance of IT in IIITA

Constituents of Tech-Infrastructure

Hardware Computers Servers Peripheral Devices

Software Operating Systems (System Software) Packages (Application Software)

Network Topology (layout) Devices (functional) Services (operational)

Hardware - Computers

1200 + (70% assembled) P-IV 2.0 – 3.4 GHz 512 MB – 1 GB RAM 80 - 160 GB HDD (ATA, SATA, SCSI) CDR/RW, DVDR/RW/smart media drives 17”, 19”, 21” TFT/CRT color monitors INTEL main board (with onboard ports) Internet/multimedia ready Maintenance friendly

Hardware - Servers

55 + (branded as well as assembled) P-IV 1.6 – 3.0 GHz (dual Xeon Processor) 2 – 4 GB RAM (DDR2) 18 - 36 & 80 GB Hot swap 10/15K SCSI HDD Onboard Gigabit LAN Interface (dual) 15”/17” CRT/TFT color monitor INTEL main board (with onboard ports) Remote administration over network Learning (R & D) friendly

Hardware - Peripheral Devices

Printers(approx. 100) LaserJet, Inkjet (color), Dot Matrix

Scanners, Media Convertors, Connectors External Storage Units Web/Video Cameras Audio/Video Mixer Sensors, Speakers, MODEM NAS – 8 TB with RAID 0 IP-SAN – 8 TB with RAID 6

Software Packages

All OS from Microsoft (Windows family) Linux (SuSE, Redhat, Fedora, Debian etc.) Solaris, Mac OS X All software products from Microsoft Oracle Database/Development tools Mathematica, Statistica, Matlab, C/C++ Simulation Packages (Katia, IGRIP,

SimLink, Synopsys, Cadence etc.) Other Freeware tools

Network Layout

Topology – Hybrid (Star + Bus) (OFC route) Backbone (Implementation Layout)

6/12/24 core OFC (single mode) Gigabit bandwidth Redundant lines

Network – B Class (easy to scale) Indoor Cabling – Structured Ethernet (CAT5) Subnets – 11 (logical sub grouping of network) IP Addressing – Static & Local (172.16-31.n.n) Domain Names – iiita.ac.in, rgiit.ac.in, iiita.net

Network Services

DNS (Domain Name Service), Gateway Firewall & Proxy (protection & sharing) Integrated Central Authentication (LDAP) WWW (www.iiita.ac.in, website.iiita.ac.in) Mail, Webmail & News (to be setup) Student Forum (IIITA chit-chat) Software Repository (myftp.iiita.ac.in) Profile Webpage (50 MB online space) FAQ (indem.iiita.ac.in)

For IIITA StudentsDuring study at IIITA, students enjoy

Internet Access: 24-hours Internet facility via 50 Mbps (1:4) from BSNL, 1 Mbps (1:1) from ERNET

Mail account: 500 MB Mailbox, 15 MB attachment, alias, mail forwarding etc. mail.iiita.ac.in

Web Profile: 50 MB Web space for hosting your own websites/profiles at profile.iiita.ac.in/mail-id

MyIIITA: Birthday Reminders, Circulars, etc. through Institute website at www.iiita.ac.in

IIITA Forum: Reunion portal for students/alumnae at forum.iiita.ac.in

Download: Request based service, archive

Intranet Connectivity

GW

BB Switch

GW

OFC

CC1LT

Server Room

MS Lab MBA Lab

InternetRouter

MBA LAB VLAN 25 IP Range 172.25.2.24-72 & 73-110 Gateway 172.25.2.1, DNS 172.31.1.30

INDEMICA

MBA LABBackbone Switch

INTERNETrouter

Internet Termination

Leased Line (circuit termination) 50 Mbps from BSNL (over fiber) 1 MBPS from ERNET (over copper)

MODEM & Media Converter (terminator) Router (CISCO 3600/1700 & DLink DI-2630) IP Range (210.212.48.1-62) DNS IP (210.212.48.30 & 210.212.48.62) Subnet Mask 255.255.255.192 Gateway 210.212.48.1 Round the clock Internet service at Campus LAN

Network Switches

CISCO 4000 Back Bone Switch (Layer 3) Manageable for packet routing and forwarding 12 Fiber ports (Gigabit) 24 Ethernet ports (Gigabit) Configured for 12 Virtual LANs on each Fiber ports Routing enabled amongst VLANs VLAN Traffic monitoring and controlling

CISCO 2950 Distribution Switch (Layer 2) Manageable for packet forwarding 2 Fiber ports (Gigabit) 24 Ethernet ports (Gigabits)

DLink 1024R+ (Local switch) Unmanageable (auto management) 24 Ethernet ports (10/100 Mbps)

Virtual LANs Logical partitioning of LAN 172.16-31.n.n

E.g. 172.18.1.2., 172.31.1.22 172.16-31.1.1 gateway to VLANs 172.16-31.1.2 gateway to building LAN IP Range – 172.16-31.n.11-55 (may vary) Netmask – 255.255.255.192 DNS – 172.31.1.30 & 172.31.1.62 Fly-over for Internet at CC1 and CC2 Central Firewall at Server Room

Server Room Central - in Lecture Theater

Internet/Intranet/Intercom termination (CLAN) Internet/Intranet service hosting Central firewall, authentication & file storage Traffic monitoring and bandwidth management Proxy authenticated Internet service Web sites and mail service Software repository

Regional - Local at each building Building LAN (BLAN) termination Internet/Intranet service hosting Fly-over (Firewall+Gateway+Proxy) at CC1 & CC2

Intercom service (Telephone exchange) Managed by STUDENTS (INDEM)

Network Configuration

Computer Name (e.g. cc10210) Domain Name (iiita.ac.in) IP Address (must be in valid range) Subnet Mask (255.255.255.192) Gateway (172.n.1.1) (n = 16 to 31) Primary DNS (172.31.1.30 or 172.31.1.62) Secondary DNS (202.54.15.1) WINS (nothing) Computer name must be set

Basic Network Troubleshooting Status of NIC and patch cord

Proxy setting Auto script (http://www.iiita.ac.in/proxy.pac) IP address and port number (172.31.1.4:8080)

Gateway/DNS/host checking PING (ping 172.25.1.1) TRACEROUTE (tracert www.iiita.ac.in)) NSLOOKUP (nslookup www.google.co.in) NET commands (net share)

Status of switch port (green-100,orange-10Mbps) Enable/disable LAN connection Network utilization (using task manager)

IIITA WEBSITE www.iiita.ac.in

Architecture, Design, Themes Photo Gallery MyIIITA

Birthday reminder New mail reminder

Faculty/Students Profiles Other Websites (programs, projects, events) Telephone Directory TriNetra (Live/On demand Video Streaming) Student Forum Previous versions (archive of x-versions)

IIITA Mail user-id@iiita.ac.in

250/500 MB inbox size (as per need) Central authentication (single user-id/password) IMAP/POP3 enabled, mail client configuration Address search, Mail Archiving Display settings and quota monitoring Spam filtering, spell checker Mail buffer for redundancy Mailing list, Attachment size 15 MB Avoid misuse of IIITA mail account How to configure mail client (outlook)

PC Management Hard disk partitioning Operating System (main software) File system, Plug & play devices Virtual RAM, Video RAM Registry database size (for Windows) Swap partition (for Linux) Control Panel, Regional settings Program Installation/Uninstallation Network configuration and Firewall Computer naming (xyz.iiita.ac.in) Foreground and Background services Process/Performance monitoring

Electronic File Management

Separate file/data partition (multiple) NTFS file system (secure) Restoration from Recycle bin Folders by name of physical files Single document on single topic Max. 30-40 pages in a single file – (hyphen) separated file/folder names Check the last accessed date before

opening the file File/folder list views customization

Anti Virus

Software versions do not matter Virus definition files should be up to date Auto updation of virus definition is possible Scheduled scanning and monitoring Avoid use of external storage media Central solution is also available (clients) Single solution is enough Fix-tools for worms are available online for

downloads

Performance Tuning

Disc scanning, Defragmentation Virtual memory on multiple partitions Portable registry database (regular watch) Remove TEMPORARY files (must) Proper un-installation of software (must) Avoid installation of online software tools

(e.g. musical desktop, fancy watch etc.) Proper shutdown of programs as well as

system (must) Remote desktop is handy but slow (avoid)

INDEM – Role

In-house experimentation, implementation, maintenance the network resources

Competent guidance & faith of authorities Students volunteer as active member High-tech implementations (open source) Reliable and secure Internet/Intranet

services round the clock Technical challenge rather than problem Innovative and learning environment User/Management friendliness, IIITA flavor

Precautions

Each and every activity is under close monitoring Log files are generated at servers for critical and

unhealthy activities (auto feature) IP addresses and Login accounts are traceable Official withdrawal of technical services and/or

punishment for wrong practices over LAN Appreciation for reporting on system’s bug/flaw Download, chatting are discouraged in Labs Innovative ideas, algorithms are solicited Help line – indem@iiita.ac.in

The End

Thanks…

Happy Computing at IIITA

Doubts/Query ?..

Demos

Desktop (wallpaper, screen saver, display settings, refresh rate, shortcuts etc.)

My computer (manage, property, devices, services, session, share etc.)

Windows Explorer (file view, options, file association etc.)

Task manager (processes, resource utilization and optimization)

Control panel, Registry, Remote Desktop Help from system and search engines

(GOOGLE)

Network Classes

IP Address Clas

s

Total # Of Bits For Network

ID / Host ID

First Octet of IP

Address

# Of Network ID

Bits Used

To Ident

ify Clas

s

Usable # Of Network ID

Bits

Number of Possibl

e Network

IDs

# Of Host IDs Per

Network ID

Class A 8 / 24 0xxx xxxx 1 8-1 = 7 27-2 = 126224-2 =

16,277,214

Class B 16 / 16 10xx xxxx 2 16-2 = 14 214 = 16,384216-2 =

65,534

Class C 24 / 8 110x xxxx 3 24-3 = 21221 =

2,097,15228-2 = 254

OFC Routes

Network Connectivity

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Internet Termination

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