Local Water Security Action Plan - REC...

Local Water Security Action PlanSIDI ALI BEN AOUN

DELEGATION

TUNISIA

Local Water Security Action Plan

SIDI ALI BEN AOUN DELEGATION

2016–2020

Regional Environmental CenterSzentendre • Hungary

March 2017

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ATER SECURITY ACTION PLAN

AUTHOR Delegation of Sidi Ali Ben Aoun, Republic of Tunisia

CONTRIBUTORS Members of the Planning Team: Jamel Rahmani, Local Coordinator, Delegation of Sidi Ali Ben Aoun Adel Aouni, Focal Point, CRDA Sidi Ali Ben Aoun Abdlemlak Abdallah, Delegate, Delegation of Sidi Ali Ben Aoun Ali Slimi, Head of Water Department, CRDA Abdel Aziz Saad, Head of Water Resources Department, CRDA Jalel Rabhi, Head of Department of Irrigated Areas, CRDA Ismahen Kahouli, Head of Water Assemblies Unit, CRDA Najia El Jawwa, STEG Feteh Derbali, SONEDE Moncef Bennani, Municipal Accountant, Delegation of Sidi Ali Ben Aoun Lotfi Boussif, Head of Agricultural Extension Unit, Delegation of Sidi Ali Ben Aoun Abdallah Belwafi, Local Hospital Hygiene Service Ali Sghaier Youssfi, Technician, El Wafa WUA Hassnaoui Miri, President of Namaa Association Nour Abidi, Head of Rural Engineering, CRDA Kamel Hdhili, Head of Rural Engineering, CRDA Amel Ben Rhouma, Engineer Abd Ghani Brahmi, President of Al Amal WUA Med Sghaier Brahmi, Treasurer of Al Amal WUA

DESIGN AND LAYOUT Tricia Barna, Regional Environmental Center, Szentendre, Hungary

COPYEDITING AND PROOFREADING Rachel Hideg, Regional Environmental Center, Szentendre, Hungary

PUBLISHER The Regional Environmental Center for Central and Eastern Europe (REC)

PRINTING Typonova

This publication was produced under the project “Sustainable Use of Transboundary Water Resources andWater Security Management” (WATER SUM), Component 2: “Water and Security”. The project is implementedby the Regional Environmental Center and funded by the Government of Sweden.

This publication does not necessarily reflect the views of the REC or of the Government of Sweden.

Copyright © 2017 Regional Environmental Center, 2000 Szentendre, Ady Endre ut 9–11, Hungary

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmit-ted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without theprior permission of the REC.

This and all REC publications are printed on recycled paper.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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Introduction 4

Methodology 4

The local water security assessment 5

Strategic vision and principles 6

Local water security goals, objectives and targets 6

The local water security action plan 7

Implementation 11

Monitoring and evaluation 11

Annexes 13

ANNEX 1: Stakeholder analysis table 14

ANNEX 2: The composition of the multi-sectoral 15working group (planning team) and a list of other participants in the drafting process..

ANNEX 3: Results of the public opinion assessment. 16

ANNEX 4: Results of indicator-based LWS analysis 24

ANNEX 5: Problem tree analysis 25

ANNEX 6: Identification of actions 26

ANNEX 7: Specification of actions 29

ANNEX 8: Prioritisation of actions 31

ANNEX 9: Synthesis of objectives 32

References................................................................. 34

CONTENTS

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IntroductionSidi Ali Ben Aoun is located in the southwest of thegovernorate of Sidi Bouzid, south of Bir El HafeyAwled Mnasser and west of Hassi Frid in the gover-norate of Kasserine. It is about 300 km to the southof Tunis and 45 km from the capital of the gover-norate of Sidi Bouzid, and it covers an area of 604 km2. The delegation has a population of 28,214.

Sidi Ali Ben Aoun is characterised by an arid climatethat is increasingly affected by the impacts of climatechange. This is likely to be reflected by a reduction inprecipitation of around 7 percent, and a temperatureincrease of 1.1°C by 2030. August is the warmestmonth, with an average temperature of 29.4°C; andJanuary is the coldest month, with an average tem-perature of 11.8°C. Rainfall varies in the range of 180to 250 mm per year. Regarding soil resources, the re-gion has vast alluvial plains with a rather favourablepotential for agricultural activity: 20 percent of soilsin the area are very fertile iso-humic soils, and 35 per-cent are slightly evolved soils.

The central-west region, which includes the SidiBouzid governorate, is the poorest region of Tunisia,with an estimated poverty rate of 32.3 percent, slightlymore than double the national rate. The main sourcesof income in the region are agriculture, public services,remittances from emigrants, and building assets.

Sidi Ali Ben Aoun delegation produces 270 million m3

of renewable water per year (available resources).

The population of Sidi Ali Ben Aoun is supplied by thenational water distribution utility SONEDE in urbanareas, and 14 water users associations (WUAs) in ruralareas. The supply is provided from groundwater(Braga-Harchane) through 18 public wells.

Only 18,700 inhabitants have an individual connec-tion to the drinking water network. The rest of thepopulation is served by water tanks towed and storedclose to their homes. The share of water per capita isabout 100 l per day in urban areas, and about 78 l perday in rural areas, which is comparable to the stan-dard national rate. Water salinity in the region of SidiAli Ben Aoun varies between 1.4 and 2.5 g/l, and is thebiggest problem.

The delegation has no sewerage network: the systemin place is based on household-level septic tanks.

As in all parts of Tunisia, there is competition forwater in Sidi Ali Ben Aoun delegation. Besides com-petition between domestic and agricultural uses, SidiAli Ben Aoun also faces competition among livestockfarms and vegetable farmers.

At the institutional and regulatory level, several lawshave been adopted, including Decree No. 1819 of Au-gust 23, 1999; Law No. 28 of March 19, 2001; Law No.

24 of March 15, 2004; Decree No. 978 of March 24,2005; and Decree No. 2559 of September 25, 2006.

The 1975 Water Code is the most important law gov-erning the water sector in Tunisia. However, it waspassed more than 40 years ago and is no longer ap-propriate for the current state of affairs. The TunisianMinistry of Agriculture, Hydraulic Resources and Fish-ing therefore began to draft a new water code in2014, which is currently awaiting discussion and ap-proval by the Parliament. The new law will contributeto establishing modern water management, and thusto achieving water security.

MethodologyThe local water security action plan (LWSAP) for SidiAli Ben Aoun delegation was developed through aparticipatory planning process in the first half of 2016.The baseline for the development of the Sidi Ali BenAoun LWSAP is the delegation’s participation in theregional project "Sustainable Use of TransboundaryWater Resources and Water Security Management”(WATER SUM), Component II, “Water and Security”(WaSe), implemented by the Regional EnvironmentalCenter for Central and Eastern Europe in cooperationwith the International Union for Conservation of Na-ture (IUCN) and the Tunisian Ministry of Agriculture,Hydraulic Resources and Fishing. The aim of this com-ponent is to promote a comprehensive and inte-grated approach to water security and ecosystemservices and to contribute to the sustainable devel-opment of eight local communities in the MENA re-gion as part of efforts to combat water scarcity,reduce the threat of conflict, halt the downward spiralof poverty, biodiversity loss and environmental degra-dation, and increase human well-being within thewider context of regional peace and stability.

The LWSAP for Sidi Ali Ben Aoun was compiled usingthe LWSAP methodology developed in the frameworkof the WATER SUM project (Lausevic et al. 2016).

During the initial phase of the planning process, astakeholder analysis was carried out in order to iden-tify stakeholders and to categorise and prioritise themaccording to their interests, level of involvement in is-sues related to water planning, motivation, level ofknowledge, relationships and overall influence onwater security planning (see Annex 1). The main stake-holders identified in the stakeholder analysis were:

● the Regional Commission for Agricultural Devel-opment (CRDA) of Sidi Bouzid;

● SONEDE;● the Hygiene Service at local level;

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● the delegate; ● the Financial Service; ● the Tunisian Electricity and Gas company STEG; ● Namaa Association; ● Al Amal Agricultural Development Group (GDA):

Awled Brahim/Al Amal Water Users Association(WUA); and

● El Wafa GDA: Waara-Horchane El Wafa WUA.

The Sidi Ali Ben Aoun delegation’s LWSAP was thendeveloped by a multi-sectoral working group, ap-pointed in accordance with the official letter on theestablishment of the planning team, from the Minis-ter of the Interior, Governorate of Sidi Bouzid, Dele-gation of Sidi Ali Ben Aoun, Number 478, dated May4, 2016. The members of the multi-sectoral workinggroup (planning team) and other participants in thedrafting process are listed in Annex 2.

The assessment of current water security in Sidi AliBen Aoun delegation was carried out in two phases:a public opinion assessment and an indicator-basedlocal water security assessment. In the first phase (thepublic opinion assessment), the local coordinator un-dertook questionnaire-based research among citi-zens and households. This was followed by theindicator-based assessment in the administrative ter-ritory of Sidi Ali Ben Aoun delegation.

The results of the two assessments were used tocarry out the problem analysis.

Based on the results of the assessments and the iden-tified problems, the working group explored the vi-sion, goals and objectives, determined the need foraction, and selected actions for the development ofan LWSAP for Sidi Ali Ben Aoun delegation. The actionplan contains measures and actions to improve watersecurity, including a description of each measure, po-tential locations, responsibilities, additional specifica-tions (criteria such as additional benefits or negativeexternal impacts) as well as the prioritisation of ac-tions (based on specific criteria).

The local water securityassessmentPublic opinion assessment

In April 2016, in the context of the WATER SUM proj-ect, 290 questionnaires were completed in order togauge public opinion on the most important water-related concerns. The conclusions are outlined below:

● Information dissemination is weak: 70 percent ofrespondents do not receive information aboutwater quality and relevant government schemes,despite the fact that 50 percent would like to getsuch information on a regular basis.

● An important number of respondents participate inwater-related meetings, dealing mostly with watersupply issues, but the majority of requests relatedto water supply are not fulfilled, or are delayed. Thiscan be explained by the high demand for drinkingwater and the weak financial capacities of the waterauthority (Tunisian Ministry of Agriculture).

● Nearly 50 percent of respondents wish to obtaininformation concerning water economy and ef-forts to conserve water (e.g. techniques for con-serving irrigation water, and the reuse of greywater and treated water).

● Half the respondents believe that their earningswould improve if they had a sufficient supply ofwater.

● One-third of respondents periodically get intoconflicts due to water scarcity.

● Due to water scarcity, only 80 percent of respon-dents have sufficient water to fulfil basic house-hold needs.

Indicator-based local water security assessment

Once the indicator scores are calculated, component-level scores are determined by taking the averagescore of the three indicators that make up that com-ponent.

All results obtained through the calculation of the var-ious indicators are presented in Annex 4.

In relation to the resource component, if the amountof renewable freshwater available at the local levelper person is below the international average (500 m3), then it is considered equal to 0.

Sidi Ali Ben Aoun delegation is suffering from a lackof water resources, thus it is important to find newwater resources and to improve the use of alternativeresources in such a way as to ensure a sufficientwater supply for all households.

In Sidi Ali Ben Aoun delegation, the main water re-source is groundwater, which has a high salinity levelthat exceeds 1.5 percent. In the medium term, thereare no projects for improving water quality.

Concerning the infrastructure component, the scoreis very low (about 13/100), which illustrates the weak-ness in the water system and the high rate of lossesin the drinking water supply system.

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From the studied indicators, the main problems iden-tified in Sidi Ali Ben Aoun delegation are:

● infrastructure problems, including the frequent in-terruption of water supply for most of the popu-lation and the lack of water connections for morethan 2,500 families; and

● poor water quality.

Problems encountered

Following the results of the two assessments, two keyinitial water security problems were identified in SidiAli Ben Aoun delegation:

The first problem is the frequent interruptions to thedrinking water supply caused by:

● the obsolescence of the water systems;● illegal connections to water systems;● the exploitation of the water network for dual pur-

poses (irrigation and drinking water); and● unsustainable water management due to:

- financial and administrative corruption insome WUAs;

- weak coordination between parties;

- the low level of education of members of theExecutive Committee and lack of technicalmanagement;

- the weakness of human and material re-sources;

- the delayed payment of bills for drinking waterby beneficiaries; and

- lack of awareness of the importance of infor-mation exchange.

The second problem is inappropriate water qualitydue to:● the high salinity rate;● the lack of periodic drinking water treatment with

chlorine;● the obsolescence of sterilisation equipment; and● the lack of sanitation in rural areas.

Strategic vision andprinciplesAs defined by UN-Water, water security is the capacityof a population to safeguard sustainable access to ad-equate quantities of acceptable quality water for sus-

taining livelihoods, human well-being, and socioeco-nomic development, for ensuring protection againstwater-borne pollution and water-related disasters,and for preserving ecosystems in a climate of peaceand political stability (UN-Water Analytical Brief onWater Security and the Global Water Agenda, 2013).With this in mind, Sidi Ali Ben Aoun delegation willwork towards achieving the following long-term vision:

Sustainable access to sufficient quantities of safe water for the citizens of Sidi Ali Ben Aoun.

In order to achieve this vision, Sidi Ali Ben Aoun dele-gation will identify viable opportunities to implementand advance six guiding principles of water securityand incorporate them into strategic decisions, decision-making processes and daily operations:

● A long-term perspective

- Today’s water management decisions will bemade in the context of a long-term plan.

● Water for future generations

- A sustainable approach to water use will protectthe quality and quantity of water now and in thefuture, benefiting human health and communi-ties and promoting a thriving economy.

● An integrated approach to management

- Water decisions will integrate multiple objec-tives and information related to economic de-velopment, and to the ecological, hydrologicaland social aspects of water in order to achievea balanced outcome.

● Partnerships and participation

- Collaboration in the development and imple-mentation of water management decisions willbe facilitated and improved.

● Value of water

- Water will be treated as a finite resource andused efficiently and effectively to best reflect itseconomic, social and environmental importance.

● Informed, risk-based management

- Water management will incorporate the con-sideration of risks and be supported by research and data.

Local water securitygoals, objectives andtargetsThe main themes and strategic goals of the Sidi Ali BenAoun delegation LWSAP 2016–2020 are defined below:

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● Action theme 1: Availability of drinking waterfor all citizens

- Goal 1.1 Improve the supply of drinking water to 3,000 families by the end of 2020

- Goal 1.2. Simplify complex networks by 90 per-cent by the end of 2020

● Action theme 2: Sustainable water management

- Goal 2.1 Ensure that all water systems are pro-fessionally managed by the end of 2020

- Goal 2.2 Ensure access for all beneficiaries andrepresentatives of civil society to all data relat-ing to their WUAs

● Action theme 3: Appropriate water quality

- Goal 3.1 Ensure that 100 percent of the waterdistributed in drinking water networks istreated with chlorine by the end of 2020

- Goal 3.2 Ensure that 100 percent of waste-water passes through individual or collectivesewerage units by the end of 2020

Specific objectives and targets

The action plan goals will be realised by achieving spe-cific objectives for each action theme (see Annex 6 fordetails). The following objectives have been estab-lished for local water security in Sidi Ali Ben Aoun del-egation:

● Availability of drinking water

- Recreate and modernise six water systems bythe end of 2020.

- Rehabilitate and organise 2,500 individual con-nections in accordance with the adopted tech-nical specifications.

- Simplify all complex networks and dual-linknetworks by the end of 2020.

● Sustainable water management

- Ensure that 100 percent of water systems havea technical department with the necessarycompetence for efficient performance.

- Create a platform for the exchange of informa-tion and participatory planning, structured ac-cording to legal procedures.

● Appropriate water quality

- Provide all residents with drinking water thathas been treated with chlorine.

- Ensure that 60 percent of people with an indi-vidual connection have their own grey watertreatment unit.

The local water securityaction planAchieving the vision stated above requires that avail-able resources be concentrated on accomplishing de-termined objectives and implementing correspondingactions that make it possible to address the most se-vere water security problems and prepare the delega-tion to meet future challenges in this sector. Actionsare proposed under topics, as described below.

Action theme 1: Availability ofdrinking water

GOAL 1.1 Improve the supply ofdrinking water to 3,000 families by theend of 2020A regular and adequate supply of drinking water is abasic human need and essential for survival.

Access to adequate quantities of drinking water is a fac-tor in poverty reduction. The international communityas a whole has set itself the goal of reducing poverty byinvesting in basic social services, including health, edu-cation, nutrition, potable water supply and sanitation.

In Tunisia, drinking water supply plays an importantrole in the country's economic development plans. Thedrinking water supply rate had reached 99 percent inurban areas and 93.5 percent in rural areas by the endof 2014, thanks to the various programmes imple-mented by the Directorate General of Rural Engineer-ing and Water Exploitation (DGGREE) and the nationalwater exploitation and distribution company SONEDE.Given the scattered nature of the rural population,rural areas were initially served by collective waterpoints, such as fountains and springs. Householdwater was supplied by cans or tanks towed to a dis-tance not exceeding 3 km from the household (equiv-alent to one hour's walk). The density of standpipeswas changed to a distance of about 500 m in 2000.

Given the evolution of standards of living in ruralareas, inhabitants are expecting greater comfort andsupply by individual connection. As of 2011, all proj-ects for new supply or rehabilitation in Sidi Bouzid aredesigned on the basis of individual service.

Sidi Ali Ben Aoun has a population of around 28,214,including 18,078 living in rural areas in the delegation.

A large proportion of the population does not haveeasy access to drinking water. This situation is evenmore evident in rural areas, where 55 percent of thepopulation in 2015 had not yet been connected to awater supply.

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Sidi Ali Ben Aoun delegation will therefore developand implement the following actions towards improv-ing the supply of drinking water:

● recreating and modernising six water systems bythe end of 2020;

● rehabilitating and organising 2,500 individual con-nections in accordance with the adopted technicalspecifications; and

● simplifying all complex networks and dual-linknetworks by the end of 2020.

Objective 1.1.1 Rehabilitate and modernise six water systems by the end of 2020

The analysis of water indicators revealed a very lowinfrastructure score (13/100), which highlights theweakness of the water system and the high rate oflosses in the drinking water supply system.

The water network is poorly maintained due to a lackof capacities and the lack of internal coordination be-tween technical staff (teamwork). There are disrup-tions in water supply and low pumping pressure inthe network.

The Rural Engineering Department of the Sidi BouzidCRDA will therefore implement projects to rehabili-tate the water supply systems in Awled Brahim;Waara-Horchane; Ben Bachir; Awled Neji; Khalij; andDouar Abdmalek-Rakba.

These actions, starting in 2016, will help to improvethe provision of drinking water to 3,000 families andwill be realised in the medium term.

Action 1.1.1.1 Preparing a management plan forpotable water in Sidi Ali Ben Aoun delegation

Sustainable development cannot be achieved withoutresolving water supply problems. To this end, the delegation of Sidi Ali Ben Aoun must have a genuineprogramming and management tool — a master planfor drinking water supply, the development of whichis generally entrusted to a specialist office. The imple-mentation period is an optimal time to raise prob-lems, identify needs, find solutions that areacceptable by all, and plan the related investments.

The master plan can be used to:

● take stock of the regulatory, technical and financialconditions of a community’s drinking water supply;

● highlight existing problems;

● estimate future needs and propose several sce-narios, at least one of which, after more detailedexamination, will be accepted as feasible; and

● develop a short-, medium- and long-term pro-gramme of work adapted to the needs of the com-munity and its resources.

The aim is to improve supply to about 3,000 families,through a local programme for the creation and reha-bilitation of drinking water supply networks as a highpriority for the delegation. The action will be realisedin the short term, starting at the beginning of 2017.

Action 1.1.1.2 Rehabilitating water systems in BenBachir, Waara-Horchane, Awled Neji, Khalij, Douar Ab-dmalek-Rakba and Awled Brahim

The CRDA prepares technical studies and undertakesthe necessary appropriations to complete the reha-bilitation work in accordance with legal procedures.

Objective 1.1.2 Rehabilitate and organise 2,500 indi-vidual connections in accordance with the adoptedtechnical specifications

The analysis of water indicators revealed a very lowinfrastructure score (13/100), which highlights weak-ness in the water system; and a high rate of losses inthe drinking water supply system.

The mission to ensure a sustainable supply of drink-ing water does not stop with the building of infra-structure: it is also necessary to guarantee controlfrom the point of supply to final distribution.

In Sidi Ali Ben Aoun, water officials estimate that thenumber of illegal connections exceeds 2,500, and con-firm that only 65 percent of the volume of drinkingwater distributed reaches consumers with legal con-nections. The rest is lost either because of leaks or il-legal connections. There is therefore a need toregulate the problem in hydraulic networks that sup-port other connections.

The implemented actions, launched in late 2016, willhelp to improve the provision of drinking water to3,000 families and will be realised in the medium term.

Action 1.1.2.1 Training employees in the field to follow up connections and monitor the network

The training on the monitoring and maintenance ofhydraulic networks will focus on:

● knowledge of network components and theirmaintenance requirements (e.g. valve bleeding,buffer manoeuvring, plan reading, triangulation);

● skills in plumbing (leak detection), mechanics(pump maintenance), electricity, water treatmentand increasingly electronics;

● analytical and problem-solving skills for rapid diagnosis;

● ability to work independently;● mastery of techniques for the installation and

removal of water meters; and● safe interventions in the case of electrical hazards,

gas or road traffic.

The goal is to improve drinking water supply for about3,000 families, through a local programme for the

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creation and rehabilitation of drinking water supplynetworks as a high priority for the delegation. The action will be realised in the short term, starting at thebeginning of 2017.

Action 1.1.2.2 Rehabilitating and installing individualconnections and linking beneficiaries to water net-works in accordance with the adopted technical spec-ifications

According to official figures provided by the Rural En-gineering Department, the rate of individual connec-tions in rural areas in Sidi Ali Ben Aoun was around45 percent in 2015. The number of illegal connectionstherefore exceeds 2,500, resulting in supply interrup-tions for all subscribers.

This action aims to reduce the number of illegal con-nections to water systems, and thus to ensure a sus-tainable supply.

This action involves:

● analysing priority connections in the area of inter-vention and finalising the list of beneficiaries;

● negotiating and signing contracts between theWUA and the beneficiaries; and

● purchasing water meters and their accessoriesand installing individual connections.

This action is a high priority in the region of Sidi Ali BenAoun, contributing to improving the provision of drink-ing water to 18,078 inhabitants. It was launched at theend of 2016 and will be realised in the medium term.

Action 1.1.2.3 Purchasing equipment to detect waterleaks in buried pipelines

In Sidi Ali Ben Aoun, large quantities of water are lostdue to leaks in production or catchment facilities, andespecially in the often very extensive buried pipingsystems. A device can be used to detect vibrations ornoises produced by water escaping from the pressurepipes. These noises can be detected along the pipesover fairly long distances. Reducing water losses canplay an important role in improving access to drinkingwater, thus a device should be purchased that can ac-curately detect and locate leaks in pipes.

The equipment will help 197 WUAs in Sidi Bouzid gov-ernorate. This action is a priority for the delegationand will be realised in the short term.

GOAL 1.2 Simplify complex networks by90 percent by the end of 2020In Sidi Ali Ben Aoun, the Waara-Horchane and AwledBrahim water systems supply inhabitants with drink-ing water and, at the same time, supply water to irri-gated perimeters, thus their total length exceeds 250 km. This has resulted in their complex manage-ment, which now needs to be addressed.

Objective 1.2.1 Simplify all complex networks and dual-link networks by the end of 2020

Action 1.2.1.1 Digging three deep wells and establish-ing a new WUA

The wells will be completed after the necessary stud-ies have been carried out to determine their location.

Action theme 2: Sustainablewater management

GOAL 2.1 Ensure that all water systemsare professionally managed by the endof 2020Water management is the most critical process inrural areas, given its impact on livelihoods, food se-curity, land conservation, productivity and society ingeneral. However, the local communities in Sidi AliBen Aoun delegation have a low level of technicalknow-how and insufficient financial capacities toadopt modern water management approaches.

Specific points that should be taken into considera-tion by the end of 2020 include technical assistancefor the members of the Executive Committee of theWUAs in terms of the areas of technical, administra-tive and financial management.

Objective 2.1.1 Ensure that 100 percent of water sys-tems have a technical department with the necessarycompetence for efficient performance

Action 2.1.1.1 Organising training in the field of financial and administrative management for thebenefit of WUA members

In cooperation with the executive committees of theWUAs, a 10-day training session will be offered on financial and administrative management, with theassistance of a specialist office. Without managerstrained in administrative and financial management,it will not be possible to improve the performance ofthe councils that oversee water systems.

Training is therefore a high priority for the planningteam in Sidi Ali Ben Aoun to improve the skills of par-ticipants in operational management, and especiallyin the administrative, financial and material manage-ment of the associations.

Participants will be able to:

● better organise their WUA and put in place appro-priate administration; and

● design and implement transparent financial,budgetary, accounting and material management.

The action will be realised in the medium term in thefirst half of 2017.

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Action 2.1.1.2 Purchasing office equipment for thebenefit of WUAs

In order to respond as closely as possible to theneeds and expectations of associations and to pro-mote local communication, the planning team in SidiAli Ben Aoun will contribute to the equipment of thelocal WUAs in order to facilitate their daily operations.This will include equipment for meeting rooms, thehead office, mailboxes, work stations, computerequipment (Internet access, printers) and photo-copier. This will be done after certain conditions havebeen achieved.

The action will be carried out in the medium term inthe first half of 2017.

GOAL 2.2 Ensure access for allbeneficiaries and representatives of civilsociety to all data relating to their WUAsThe planning team in Sidi Ali Ben Aoun will develop aset of specific tools, including a platform for informa-tion exchange and participatory planning, structuredaccording to legal procedures. This includes the cre-ation of an interactive and informative website.

The action will be carried out in the short term in thefirst half of 2017.

Objective 2.2.1 Create a platform for the exchangeof information and participatory planning

Action 2.2.1.1 Creating a local federation of WUAs

The water federation is a platform for the exchangeof information and participatory planning. It takesover some functions of the WUA, especially in thefield of conflicts, and draws up scenarios for the man-agement of water systems.

This action should be completed following a prelimi-nary study of the requirements for successful estab-lishment. After the study, awareness will be raisedamong WUAs about the added value of the federation.

This action is a high priority in the region of Sidi AliBen Aoun. It was launched at the end of 2016 and willbe carried out in the short term.

Action theme 3: Appropriatewater quality

GOAL 3.1. Ensure that 100 percent ofthe water distributed in drinking waternetworks is treated with chlorine by theend of 2020Water destined for human consumption must meetspecific physico-chemical and bacteriological stan-

dards in order to prevent disease. However, in Sidi AliBen Aoun, it is estimated that 60 percent of the waterdistributed in drinking water systems in rural areas isnot permanently disinfected due to the obsolescenceof existing equipment, most of which is currently outof service.

Objective 3.1.1 Ensure that all residents consumewater that has been treated with chlorine

Action 3.1.1.1 Rehabilitating drinking water disinfec-tion systems and installing new pumps for other dam-aged systems

Help will be given to WUAs to rehabilitate chlorinepumps. The work will involve undertaking a study onthe current status of the pumps; preparing invitationsto tender; purchasing equipment; and commissioningthe competent authorities to install the equipmentand ensure its sustainable use.

This action is a high priority, thus the planning teamof Sidi Ali Ben Aoun proposes to help WUAs to acquireand rehabilitate chlorine pumps. Following a study onthe exact status of the existing pumps, an invitationfor tenders will be published, equipment will be ac-quired and the competent authorities will commis-sion the installation of the equipment and ensure itssustainable use.

This action will be carried out in the medium term inthe first half of 2017.

GOAL 3.2 Ensure that 100 percent ofwastewater passes through individualor collective sewerage units by the endof 2020The delegation has no collective sewerage network:households have individual septic tanks. It is thereforeconsidered a necessity to install a sewerage system.

In order to improve the efficiency of irrigation sys-tems and manage water resources more efficiently,the government is trying to increase the quantity andquality of treated wastewater in order to make it avail-able to farmers and to encourage its reuse in agricul-ture. The action will be carried out in the long term.

Objective 3.2.1 Ensure that 60 percent of householdswith an individual connection have their own greywater treatment unit

Action 3.2.1.1 Purchasing and installing 50 grey watertreatment units (one unit per household)

Wastewater from households comprises grey waterand sewage. According to the classic approach to san-itation, these waters must be mixed and treated to-gether. However, according to the concept ofecological sanitation, or SAINECO, this is inadmissible.Since the two types of water have a different compo-

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sition, they should be treated separately. The solutionis to collect the sewage separately and transfer it toan impregnation and composting centre.

Household grey water should ideally be treated by theelaborate selective grey water treatment systemknown as TRAISELECT.

The aim is to introduce this technique in householdsin rural areas, by way of an experimental model forsome 50 families. After the successful completion ofthe pilot project, the technology could be installed inall households in the rural area.

This action is a high priority in the region of Sidi AliBen Aoun. It will be launched at the end of 2017 andcarried out in the medium term.

ImplementationThe LWSAP implementation plan describes themodalities by which each measure (and possibly eachoperation) will be implemented. This is not only a de-scription of the rationale of the measures: it also in-cludes the detailed designation of beneficiaries andrecipients; and the identification of monitoring indi-cators and the types of actions through which meas-ures will be implemented.

The action strategy also describes the key partner-ships to be established for implementation, includinglinks with existing planning processes.

Coordination between different institutions, while aprerequisite for effective water management and de-

velopment, is difficult to achieve. However, it is be-coming of increasing interest to water users, watermanagers and politicians alike as water stress in-creases. It is not only in the management of water re-sources, but also in the delivery of water supply andsanitation services and the management of waterrisks that demands for a more coordinated approachare increasing.

In order to enforce proposed policies and implementnew actions in Sidi Ali Ben Aoun delegation, coordina-tion between different institutions is required.

New research into LWSAP should be incorporated inthe implementation of the delegation’s action plan.Much of the research into the use of traditional tech-niques in Tunisia has achieved good results that canbe very useful for local water governance and mayhelp stakeholders to reach decisions in each envis-aged activity.

Monitoring and evaluationThe purpose of monitoring the implementation of theLWSAP is to understand whether the project or theactivity is delivering the planned benefits, and to beable to adjust the measures and activities to poten-tially changing conditions and new knowledge. Thefindings from the monitoring process should be re-flected in long-term future planning. Table 1 showsthe steps in the monitoring process.

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TABLE 1 STEPS IN THE LWSAP MONITORING PROCESS

STEP DESCRIPTION RESPONSIBLE BODY

Setting up themonitoring workinggroup (LWSAP workinggroup)

The mayor/delegate of Sidi Ali Ben Aoun establishes the LWSAPworking group, consisting of representatives of all relevantdepartments of the city administration. This group reflects jointlyon new data, new projects, implemented projects and activities,critical water security developments etc.

Municipality/delegation

Setting up themonitoring process

The LWSAP working group decides on the monitoring process, inparticular:• The frequency of monitoring: One recommendation is to have

yearly meetings of the LWSAP working group. The meetings areorganised by the LWSAP coordinator.

• Method of monitoring: The LWSAP working group adopts a jointapproach, based on a checklist that refers to the action plan; theachievement of the action plan; and demands for correctionsand updated actions. This reflection should initially be doneverbally. If indicators are created in follow-up steps, they willfunction as an assessment scale.

• Documentation of monitoring results: The results should bedocumented in written form to allow for ease ofcommunication.

• Communication of monitoring results: The monitoring resultsshould be communicated internally within the LWSAP workinggroup, and with the superiors of the sections and the head of themunicipality. The monitoring documentation is primarily an internaldocument intended for self-assessment and to communicate thequality of climate change adaptation and preparedness. It shouldalso help to improve internal processes, with a focus on cross-sectorcommunication and cross-sector planning.

LWSAP working group

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Annexes

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NAME OF ORGANISATION/GROUP

INTEREST

(H/M/L)

WHAT ARE THEIR CURRENTLEVELS OF INVOLVEMENT INWATER MANAGEMENTPLANNING, AND WHATASPECTS OF LWSAP ARETHEY (LIKELY TO BE) MOSTINTERESTED IN?

IF INVOLVEMENT AND/OR INTEREST ISL/M, HOW MIGHT WE MOTIVATE THEIRENGAGEMENT WITH LWSAP? WHATBENEFITS MIGHT THEY DERIVE FROMBEING MORE INVOLVED IN LWSAP?

LEVEL OFKNOWLEDGEABOUT WATER-RELATED ISSUES(H/M/L)

Sidi Ali Ben Aoun delegationH H

Human resources and material support

H

CRDA Water Department H H H

CRDA Rural EngineeringDepartment

H H H

CRDA Irrigated AreasDepartment

H H H

CRDA Water AssembliesDepartment

H H H

STEG H L L

SONEDE H H H

Municipal accountant L L L

Agricultural ExtensionService in Sidi Ali Ben Aoun

H M M

Hygiene Service/localhospital

M M M

Al Amal WUA H H H

El Wafa WUA H H H

Namaa Association M M M

Annex 1: Stakeholder analysis table

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NAME INSTITUTION

Adel Aouni Focal point, CRDA Sidi Ali Ben Aoun

Jamel Rahmani Local coordinator, delegation of Sidi Ali Ben Aoun

Abdlemlak Abdallah Delegate, delegation of Sid Ali Ben Aoun

Ali Slimi CRDA Water Department

Kamel Hdhili CRDA Rural Engineering Department

Abdel Aziz Saad CRDA Water Resources Department

Jalel Rabhi CRDA Irrigated Areas Department

Ismahen Kahouli CRDA Water Assemblies Unit

Najia El Jawwa STEG

Feteh Derbali SONEDE

Moncef Bennani Municipal accountant

Lotfi Boussif Agricultural Extension Unit, delegation of Sidi Ali Ben Aoun

Abdallah Belwafi Hygiene Service/local hospital

Annex 2: The composition of the multi-sectoralworking group (planning team) and a list of otherparticipants in the drafting process

Abd Ghani Brahmi Al Amal WUA

Ali Sghaier Youssfi El Wafa WUA

Hassnaoui Miri Namaa Association

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Annex 3: Results of the public opinion assessmentThe results are based on 290 responses in the database.

CHART 1.1

CHART 1.2

CHART 1.3

1. Information flow

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CHART 1.4

CHART 1.5

CHART 1.6

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CHART 1.7

CHART 2.1

CHART 2.2

2. Water governance

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CHART 3.1

CHART 3.2

CHART 3.3

3. Water utilisation

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CHART 3.4

CHART 4.1

CHART 4.2

4. Public awareness

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CHART 5.1

CHART 5.2

6. Water availability

CHART 6.1

5. Water-related tensions

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CHART 6.2

CHART 6.3

CHART 6.4

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7. Indicators of socioeconomic status

CHART 7.1

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Annex 4: Results of the indicator-based localwater security assessment

COMPONENT Score (CWSI) Evaluation

Water availability 51 Requires improvement

Ecosystem health 37 Requires improvement

Infrastructure 13 Requires improvement

Human health 66 Strength area

Capacity 75 Strength area

The overall Canadian Water Sustainability Index score is 41/100.

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Annex 5: Problem tree analysis

Country Tunisia

Name of LSG unit Sidi Ali Ben Aoun delegation

LWS vision statement Sustainable access to sufficient quantities of safe water for the citizens of Sidi Ali Ben Aoun

Action theme 1 Availability of drinking water

Goal 1.1 Improve the supply of drinking water for 3,000 families by the end of 2020

OBJECTIVE STATEMENTREFERENCE TO PROBLEM STATEMENT

TARGETS

Objective 1.1.1 Rehbilitate and modernise six watersystems by the end of 2020

Obsolescence of the water systemsSix water systems rehabilitated by the end of 2020

Objective 1.1.2

Rehabilitate and organise 2,500individual connections in accordancewith the adopted technicalspecifications

Illegal connections to water systems 2,500 illegal connections rehabilitated

Goal 1.2 Simplify complex networks by 90% by the end of 2020

Objective 1.2.1 Simplify all complex networks anddual-link networks by the end of 2020

Illegal connections to water systemsAwled Brahim and Waara-Horchanewater systems

Action theme 2 Sustainable water management

Goal 2.1 Ensure that all water systems are professionally managed by the end of 2020

Objective 2.1.1

Ensure that 100% of water systemshave a technical department with thenecessary competence for efficientperformance

Low level of education of members ofthe WUA executive committees, andlack of technical management skills

Members of WUAs

Goal 2.2 Ensure access for all beneficiaries and representatives of civil society to all data relating to their WUAs

Objective 2.2.1Create a platform for the exchange ofinformation and participatoryplanning

Lack of awareness of the importance ofthe exchange of information

Parties involved in water security

Action theme 3 Appropriate water quality

Goal 3.1 Ensure that 100% of the water distributed in drinking water networks is treated with chlorine by the end of 2020

Objective 3.1.1Ensure that all residents consumewater that has been treated withchlorine

Absence of periodic treatment ofdrinking water with chlorine

Water systems

Goal 3.2 Ensure that 100% of wastewater passes through individual or collective sewerage units by the end of 2020

Objective 3.2.1Ensure that 60% of households with anindividual connection have their owngrey water treatment unit

Lack of sanitation in rural areas

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Annex 6: Identification of actions

Country Tunisia


LWS vision statement Sustainable access to sufficient quantities of safe water for the citizens of Sidi Ali Ben Aoun

No. Action

Description of action(including listof activities)

Experience with thistype of action to date

General suitability forproblem solving Relevant

location(s)(if applicable)Already

beingrealised

Alreadyplanned

Addressedproblem(s)

Effects onproblem(s)/risk reduction

Action theme 1 Availability of drinking water

Goal 1.1 Improve the supply of drinking water to 3,000 families by the end of 2020

Objective 1.1.1 Rehabilitate and modernise six water systems by the end of 2020

1.1.1.1

Preparing amanagement planfor potable water inSidi Ali Ben Aoundelegation

The aim of the master plan is to:• take stock of the regulatory,

technical and financialconditions of the communitydrinking water supply;

• highlight existing problems;• estimate future needs and

propose several scenarios, atleast one of which, after moredetailed examination, isconsidered feasible; and

• develop a short-, medium-and long-term programme ofwork adapted to the needs ofthe community and itsresources.

No NoObsolescenceof the watersystems

This activitycontributes to anunderstanding ofthe current statusof drinking watersupply and helpsto ensure theefficacy of a localstrategy aimed atimproving watersupply to nearly3,000 families.

1.1.1.2

Rehabilitatingwater systems inBen Bachir, Waara-Horchane, AwledNeji, Khalij, DouarAbdmalek-Rakbaand Awled Brahim

The CRDA prepares technicalstudies and ensures thenecessary appropriations tocomplete the rehabilitation workin accordance with legalprocedures.

No NoObsolescenceof the watersystems

These activities will directly help to improve theprovision ofdrinking water to3,000 families.

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No. Action



General suitability forproblem solving

Relevantlocation(s)(if applicable)

Alreadybeingrealised

Alreadyplanned

Addressedproblem(s)


Goal 1.2 Simplify complex networks by 90% by the end of 2020

Objective 1.2.1 Simplify all complex networks and dual-link networks by the end of 2020

1.2.1.1

Digging three deep wells andestablishing a new WUA

The wells will be dug after thenecessary studies areundertaken to determine theirposition, and following thepreparation of invitations totender, the assignment ofspecialists, and the acceptanceof the work.

No No

Thecomplexity of watersystems

In order to solvethe problem ofcomplex watersystems,additional waterpoints must beprovided.

Action theme 2 Sustainable water management

Goal 2.1 Ensure that all water systems are professionally managed by the end of 2020

Objective 2.1.1 Ensure that 100% of water systems have a technical department with the necessary competence for efficient performance

2.1.1.1

Organising trainingin the field offinancial andadministrativemanagement forthe benefit of WUAmembers

In cooperation with the WUAs, a 10-day training course will beorganised on administrative andfinancial management with theaid of a specialist office.

No No

The low levelof educationof membersof the WUAexecutivecommittees,and lack oftechnicalmanagementskills

Withoutmanagers trainedin administrativeand financialmanagement itwill not bepossible toimprove theperformance ofthe councilsoverseeing thewater systems.

2.1.1.2Purchasing officeequipment for thebenefit of WUAs

Helping to equip WUAs with acomputer, printer and softwareto help billing, surveillance andarchiving, in addition to chairsand other office furniture. Thiswill be done after certainconditions are met.

No No

Lack ofequipment foradministrativework

Without thenecessaryequipment, thecontinuity ofperformancecannot beguaranteed.

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No. Action



General suitability forproblem solving Relevant

location(s)(if applicable)

Alreadybeingrealised

Alreadyplanned

Addressedproblem(s)


Action theme 3 Appropriate water quality

Goal 3.1 Ensure that 100% of the water distributed in drinking water networks is treated with chlorine by the end of 2020

Objective 3.1.1 Ensure that all residents consume water that has been treated with chlorine

3.1.1.1

Rehabilitatingdrinking waterdisinfection systemsand installing newpumps for otherdamaged systems

Help will be given to WUAs torehabilitate chlorine pumps. Thework will involve undertaking astudy on the current status ofthe pumps; preparinginvitations to tender; purchasingequipment; and commissioningthe competent authorities toinstall the equipment andensure its sustainable use.

No NoObsolescenceof chlorinepumps

Due to theobsolescence ofexistingequipment, mostof it is currentlyout of service.

Goal 3.2 Ensure that 100% of wastewater passes through individual or collective sewerage units by the end of 2020

Objective 3.2.1 Ensure that 60% of households with an individual connection have their own grey water treatment unit

3.2.1.1

Purchasing andinstalling of 50 greywater treatmentunits (one unit perhousehold)

After identifying a list ofsuppliers of grey watertreatment technology, anational and internationalinvitation for offers will beprepared for the purchase of 50 units. These will benefitresidents, who will be educatedon the role of the units in thereutilisation of 50% of the waterconsumed.

No No

Environmental pollutionfromwastewater

This project is thebest way toconvincemembers of thelocal populationabout theimportance ofgrey watertreatment.

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Country Tunisia


No. Action title

Category

Main responsibleinstitution

Complexity of action

Approximate c

osts (EUR

)

Negative e

xternal

impacts

Infra

structure

Capacity b

uilding

Policy/governance

Good managem

ent

practices

Time a

spects of

planning an

d realisatio

n

Technical/legal complexity

Acceptance by stakeholders

1.1.1.1

Preparing amanagementplan for potablewater in Sidi AliBen Aoun

xSidi Bouzid CRDA Short

termThere are no legalbarriers to this action.

Yes 50,000 No

1.1.1.2

Rehabilitatingwater systems inBen Bachir,Waara-Horchane,Awled Neji, Khalij,Douar Abdmalek-Rakba and AwledBrahim

x CRDAMediumterm

This action includes theparticipation of expertswith a certain level oftechnical competence.

Yes 9,000,000 No

1.1.2.1

Trainingemployees in thefield to follow upconnections andmonitor thenetwork

xCRDA/WUA/NGO Short

term


Yes 20,000 No

1.1.2.2

Rehabilitatingand installingindividualconnections inaccordance withthe adoptedtechnicalspecifications

x CRDAMediumterm


Yes 375,000 No

1.1.2.3

Purchasingequipment todetect water eaks from buriedpipelines

xCRDA/WUA

Shortterm


Yes 75,000 No

1.2.1.1

Digging threedeep wells andestablishing anew WUA

x CRDALongterm


Yes 750,000 No

Annex 7: Specification of actions

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Country Tunisia


No. Action title

Category

Main responsibleinstitution

Complexity of action

Approximate c

osts (EUR

)

Negative e

xternal

impacts

Infra

structure

Capacity b

uilding

Policy/governance

Good managem

ent

practices

Time a

spects of

planning an

d realisatio

n

Technical/legal complexity

Acceptance by stakeholders

2.1.1.1

Organisingtraining in thefield of financialandadministrativemanagement forthe benefit ofWUA members

x NGOShortterm


Yes 20,000 No

2.1.1.2

Purchasing officeequipment forthe benefit ofWUAs

xNGO/CRDA

Shortterm

There are no legalbarriers to this action.

Yes 60,000 No

2.2.1.1.Creating a localfederation ofWUAs

xDelegation/CRDA

Mediumterm


Yes 15,000 No

3.1.1.1

Rehabilitatingdrinking waterdisinfectionsystems andinstalling newpumps for otherdamaged systems

x CRDAMediumterm


Yes 80,000 No

3.2.1.1

Purchasing andinstalling 50 greywater treatmentunits (one unitper household)

xDelegation/CRDA

Shortterm

It will be necessary toestablish broaderpartnerships withresearch institutes andwater service providers.

Yes 100,000 No

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WEIGHTING FACTOR OF CRITERION

CRITERIA

OVER

ALL P

RIOR

ITY

PRIORITY RAN

K

PRIORITY RAN

K

COSTS

FEAS

IBILITY

EFFECTIVENESS

AVAILABILITY OF

RESO

URCES

URGE

NCY

COVERA

GE

ACCEPTAN

CE

0.2

0.05

0.1 0.05

0.2

0.3

0.1

SUM = 1

ACTION

1.1.2.2Rehabilitating and installing individualconnections in accordance with theadopted technical specifications

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3.00Highpriority

1

2.1.1.1Organising training in the field of financialand administrative management for thebenefit of WUA members


1

1.1.2.1Training employees in the field to followup connections and monitor the network


1

3.1.1.1Rehabilitating drinking water disinfectionsystems and installing new pumps inother damaged systems


1

2.1.1.2Purchasing office equipment for thebenefit of WUAs


1

3.2.1.1Purchasing and installing 50 grey watertreatment units (one unit per household)


7

2.2.1.1 Creating a local federation of WUAs 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2.80Highpriority

7

1.1.1.1Preparing a management plan for potablewater in Sidi Ali Ben Aoun


9

1.1.2.3Purchasing equipment to detect waterleaks from buried pipelines


9

1.2.1.1Digging three deep wells and establishing a new WUA


11

1.1.1.2Rehabilitating water systems in Ben Bachir,Waara-Horchane, Awled Neji, Khalij, DouarAbdmalek-Rakba and Awled Brahim


12

Annex 8: Prioritisation of actions

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OBJECTIVE 1.1.2 Rehabilitate and organise 2,500 individual connections in accordance with the adopted technical specifications

DESCRIPTION AND RATIONALE

According to the available data, a large proportion of the population of Sidi Ali Ben Aoun suffers from frequent interruptions todrinking water supply. The Tunisian Ministry of Agriculture, Hydraulic Resources and Fishing has therefore put in place anational strategy to rehabilitate water networks and use individual resources to provide the population with water in ruralareas. The Rural Engineering Council of Sidi Bouzid has worked on the implementation of this strategy. In addition, thestrategy has helped to solve problems in neighbouring areas related to water networks and illegal connections by reducingillegal connections and the number of technical faults in the water network. Based on the results of the public opinionassessment and the opinion of specialists, solutions were identified that depend on increasing users’ awareness of theimportance of signing contracts; providing a specialist in the field of network monitoring; and continuing the rehabilitation ofwater networks and organising individual connections.

ENVISAGED ACTIONS

Launching a campaign to raise the awareness of all beneficiaries regarding the importance of signing contracts that allowthem to be active in the WUA

Providing trainings for water system workers on controlling connections and monitoring networks

Installing 2,500 water meters and connecting beneficiaries to water networks

BENEFICIARIES AND RECIPIENTS More than 2,500 households in rural areas of the delegation of Sidi Ali Ben Aoun will be the beneficiaries of this intervention.

INDICATOR UNIT BASELINE TARGET DATA SOURCE

Families have easy access todrinkable water

Families 1,115 3,615 CRDA Sidi Bouzid

Rate of individual connectionsin rural areas

% 45 95 CRDA Sidi Bouzid

Annex 9: Synthesis of objectives

OBJECTIVE 1.2.1 Simplify all complex networks and dual-connection networks by the end of 2020


Because of the length of the network, which exceeds 100 km, and the huge exploitation of drinking water and irrigation water,Awled Brahim and Waara-Horchane WUAs are experiencing great difficulties in supply. The Tunisian Ministry of Agriculture, Hydraulic Resources and Fishing has therefore put in place a national strategy thatincludes the simplification of all complex water systems by separating the WUAs for drinking water supply from the WUAs forirrigated areas. The Rural Engineering Council is involved in strategy implementation. This activity contributes to the efficient functioning of the water system. The objective can be achieved by digging three deepwells, following detailed studies. Following the completion of this activity, there will be five new WUAs, including three WUAsfor drinking water supply and two WUAs for irrigated areas, rather than the current two WUAs.

ENVISAGED ACTIONS

Digging three deep wells and establishing new WUAs

Purchasing equipment for the detection of illegal connections

Rehabilitating the water system in Awled Brahim and Waara-Horchane

BENEFICIARIES AND RECIPIENTS The activity will help more than 6,000 citizens to access safe drinking water at an acceptable cost and without interruption. Theactivity is implemented with the help of the Regional Water Division, the WUA of Awled Brahim and the WUA of Waara-Horchane.


Number of complex watersystems

Complex water systems 3 0 Public opinion assessment

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OBJECTIVE 2.1.1 Ensure that 100% of water systems have a technical department with the necessary competence for efficient performance


Members of the local planning group agreed, after several workshops, to improve water systems by improving the efficiencyof members of the technical department and members of the executive board in the field of financial and administrativemanagement, and to improve the efficiency of the WUA headquarters by providing the necessary office equipment, as part ofan integrated strategy.In this framework, several associations and organisations have achieved important results. They were able to assist the WUAsto overcome the weakness of human resources and to provide equipment for administrative work.These activities provide management experience and financial skills, as well as the necessary office equipment to be able tocarry out their duties professionally. It will also encourage local competent bodies to participate actively in water systemmanagement.

ENVISAGED ACTIONS

Providing training in the field of financial and administrative management for the benefit of members of governing bodiesand management technicians

Purchasing office equipment for the benefit of WUAs

Establishing two micro-companies specialising in the maintenance of water systems

BENEFICIARIES AND RECIPIENTS This activity benefits 12 WUAs in the territory of Sidi Ali Ben Aoun delegation.


Technical department in theWUA

WUA 1 12 CRDA Sidi Bouzid

OBJECTIVE 3.2.1 Ensure that 60% of households with individual connections have a grey water treatment unit.


Grey water represents 70% of wastewater from rural households in Sidi Ali Ben Aoun delegation. Individual units can beinstalled in households to treat grey water. The activity will be carried out in cooperation with the municipality of Ajloun in Jordan. It will make possible specialisedfollow-up and the discussion of ways to mainstream the use of the technology and help to reduce the cost of water use, thushelping to achieve water security. The technology will provide new sources of water for irrigating domestic gardens and forsome other uses without the need for additional water resources and additional costs.

ENVISAGED ACTIONS Purchasing and installing 50 grey water treatment units (one unit per household)

Implementing awareness campaigns on the installation of household grey water treatment units

BENEFICIARIES AND RECIPIENTSThere are more than 3,000 households in rural areas in the Sidi Ali Ben Aoun delegation. As a first step, it is estimated that 50 pilot units will be installed in 50 households; and as a second step, by 2020, it is estimated that the technology will beextended to benefit 300 households.


Households equipped with graywater treatment units

Households 0 300 CRDA Sidi Bouzid

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R. Laušević, S. Milutinović, J. Petersen-Perlman, M. Reed, A. Graves, M. Bartula, S. Sušić, A. Popović(2016). Local Water Security Action Planning Manual.Szentendre, Hungary: Regional Environmental Center. ISBN 978-963-9638-69-3.http://documents.rec.org/publications/LWSAP_Manual_April2016.pdf

References

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