Local Self Governance In India Public Accountability, Community Empowerment and e-Governance

B.K.Gairola

Director GeneralNational Informatics Centre

Department of Information Technology

Ministry of Communications & IT

Government of India

04/18/23 2

Governance Structure in India

Central Government

State Government (35)

Local GovernmentUrban Local Bodies

Rural local Self-Governing Institutions

• District Panchayats (540)• Intermediate Panchayats (6096)

• Village Panchayats (2,32,000)

• Corporations

• Municipalities • Town Areas

04/18/23 3

Citizen Business,NGOs

Central Government

State Governmen

tG2C G2B

Local Government

(G2E)G2G

Local GovernmentsGrassroot Planning & Development Dynamics

Urban Local Bodies(ULBs)

Rural Local Bodies(RLBs)

• District Panchayats

• Intermediate/Block Panchayats

• Village Panchayats

• Corporations

• Municipalities

• Town Areas

Information & Communication Network

Local Self Governance – A Technological Perspective

04/18/23 4

LSG Outcomes and E-Governance

Goals Enhanced People’s Participation Public Accountability Community Empowerment

Process Devolution of Funds, Functions and Functionaries (3Fs) Participatory Governance

ICT Instrument E-Governance

04/18/23 5

NREGA-National Rural Employment Gurantee Act (NREGA)

National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS)

Launched in 200 districts of India Currently, operational in 330 districts of India Assures min 100 days of employment to any needy

family in these districts Gram panchayat plays anchor role in registering

seekers, identifying works, allotting works, making payments and other activities

04/18/23 6

NREGSOFT – Details Captured

04/18/23 7

NREGSOFT – Registration

04/18/23 8

NREGSOFT – Job Card

04/18/23 9

Content Capture in NREGA

Currently, the data related to different events in life cycle of NREGS is being captured at- Gram Panchayat Level in some of the states in

offline mode Block level in majority of states (data brought from

GPs) – On/OffLine mode District level in a few cases (data brought from GP

to district for data entry)- Online mode

04/18/23 10

National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) - India

Vision Make all Government services accessible to the common man in his locality,

through common service delivery outlets and ensure efficiency, transparency & reliability of such services at affordable costs to realise the basic needs of the common man

The Government approved the National e-Governance Plan (NeGP), comprising of 27 Mission Mode Projects (MMPs) and 10 components, on May 18, 2006.

Core & Support Infrastructure Common Services Centre (CSC) State Wide Area Networks (SWAN) State Data Centres (SDC)

04/18/23 11

NeGP – Mission Mode Projects (MMPs)

Central MMPs

Banking Central Excise & Customs Income Tax (IT) Insurance MCA21 Passport, Immigration & Visa Pension e-OFFICE

State MMPs

Agriculture Commercial Taxes e-District Employment Exchange Land Records Municipalities Panchayats/e-PRI Police Property Registration Road Transport Treasuries

Integrated MMPs

CSC e-BIZ e-COURTS e-Procurement Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) For Trade (eTrade) National Egovernance Service Delivery Gateway India Portal ( www.india.gov.in )   

04/18/23 12

NeGP - Mission Mode Projects for LSGIs

Municipalities Services

Issuance of Birth/Death Certificates Property Tax, Property Assessment Accounting System Grievance and Suggestions Building Approval, Issuance of Licenses

Projected Implementation

To cover all Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) in class 1 cities (423 in total) during the period 2006-07 to 2010-11.

Status Implemented in 30 Councils/6 Corporation of

Maharashtra Implemented in 80 Municipalities in Karnataka Also implemented in Jammu & Kashmir, Srinagar,

Shillong and Kolkata

Panchayats Services

Services identified for Citizens Issuance of Licenses, Certificates,

Beneficiaries of various schemes, Information related to proceedings of Gram Sabha etc.

Services identified for Functionaries Survey Data (Below Poverty Line (BPL),

Family, census) Services Data (Education, Health), Panchayat Accounting etc.

Status States like Andhra Pradesh (A.P), Karnataka,

Gujarat, Orissa, Goa, Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu have started computerization of Panchayats.

Initiatives already underway include E-Panchayat(A.P), E-Gram (Gujarat), PriaSoft (Orissa, Tamil Nadu),NREGASoft (Orissa, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka), Aasthi (Karnataka) etc..

NeGP took cognizance of these State Level efforts & proposed Mission Mode project s in respective areas in an organized & integrated fashion

04/18/23 13

e-Governance in Panchayati Raj Institutions (e-PRI)

Mission Mode Project

Round Table of State Panchayati Raj Ministers (Dec 2004) recommends positioning ICT as enhancing Panchayat capacity so that they can perform their constitutionally and legislatively mandated functions better.

Consensus to position IT as decision making support system for Panchayats tool for transparency, disclosure of information to citizens, social audit, better and convergent delivery of services to citizens, improving internal management and efficiency of Panchayats, a means for capacity building, as an e-Procurement medium.

E-PRI taken up as a Mission Mode Project across the country under National E-Governance Plan (NeGP)

04/18/23 14

E-PRI – Proposed Service Delivery Architecture

Citizen

G2C Internet

MOPR Web Site State

Panchayati Raj Deptt.

Portals

Block Panchayat

Portals

District

Panchayat Portals

Gram Panchayat

Portals

e-Panchayat (AP)

PRIAsoft

(TN, Orissa)Aasthi

(Kar)

PRIAsoft

(PanchLekh)

(MP)

Other Panchya

ti Raj Deptt

Applications

Front End National Panchayat Portal(NPP)

Back End

Rural PRIs

VPs/BPs/ZPs

PlanPlus

04/18/23 15

A Gateway to more than two and a half lakh Portals including State Panchayati Raj Deptt.(35), District Panchayats(560), Intermediate/ Block Panchayats(6096) and Village Panchayats (2,32,000)

Acts as a one-stop solution to citizens for accessing information and services provided by Ministry of Panchayati Raj (MoPR), State Panchayati Raj Departments, and three-tier Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs)

Panchayat Portal Sites dynamically generated using Panchayat Portal Framework

Supports Local Language

Web site of Ministry of Panchayati Raj (MoPR), http://panchayat.gov.in is acting as the home page of the National Panchayat Portal

Each Panchayat Portal can be accessed directly also

National Panchayat Portal (NPP) Public Face of Rural Governance

04/18/23 16

National Panchayat Portal

04/18/23 17

e-PRI - Gujarat : e GramState Specific Back-end Solution

Services Birth Certificate Death Certificate Agriculture Certificate Income Certificate Electricity Certificate Tax Collection : Revenue & Panchayat Caste Certificate

Status All Gram panchayats (approx. 12000) have been provided with

computers and nominated staff provided 40 hours training on basic usage of IT

04/18/23 18

e-PRI - Gujarat : e Gram

04/18/23 19

Facilitating PRI’s Planning Process (PLAN PLUS)

GIS and Web enabled PlanPlus Software under development as part of Backward Regions Grant Fund (BRGF) scheme of MOPR

BRGF Scheme implementation is driven by the Decentralized Planning Guidelines issued by the Planning Commission, Govt. of India

A single software application to strengthen decentralized planning at grassroot level

Meant to be used by RLBs and ULBs to converge, integrate and generate District Development Plans

Field Testing under progress in Kerala and West Bengal

04/18/23 20

ROLE OF E-GOVERNANCE

LSG Processes

Plan

ArrangeFunds

Implement

Report Progress

Funds Requirements

Identified

Development

Requirements

Identified

Resources Procured

Services Delivered

EnhancedPeople’s

Participation

Accountability

Transparency

ICT INPUTS TOLSG PROCESSES

OUTCOMES

Community Empowerment

DEVOLUTION

04/18/23 21

ROAD AHEAD

COMPUTERIZATION

Isolated ICT Introduction initiatives attempted by some of the States at sub-district/grassroot level

Learning from examples cited in previous slides

Mainly Bottom-up Efforts

E-GOVERNANCE PRESENT

Formulation of National E-Governance Plan (NeGP)

Identification of Mission Mode Projects (MMPs)

Framework for e-PRI & Municipalities MMPs

Focus on extending the reach of ICTs to the grassroots & Service Delivery

Mainly Top-down Efforts

E-GOVERNANCE FUTURE –

Consolidation & Replication from Bottom-up experiences & Powered

by MMP Framework

04/18/23 22

Issues

Moving targets Evolving/changing processes Rapidly changing technology

Capacity building for the use of ICT with in the organization

Availability of unified cyber space and ICT infrastructure

Assurance of long term ICT support to assist the Process of change management

Continued financial support for technology as an integral part the process re-engineering plan

Long term vision for “technology diffusion” and ability to adapt to the ever changing needs to avoid waste expenditure

Standardization of data ,meta-data, tech. , processes

Thank You

dg@nic.in