Local coal it’s contribution to the energy development in ... · Mining – Strip Mining •...
Transcript of Local coal it’s contribution to the energy development in ... · Mining – Strip Mining •...
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Local coal &
it’s contribution to the energy development in Yemen
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• Introduction• Global overview• Hadhrmout mining• Coal resources• Optimal utilization• Economy impact• Opportunities and challenges• Close and remarks
Index
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What is COAL?• Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black
sedimentary rock composed mainly of Coal is composed mainly of – carbon (50 to 98 per cent)– hydrogen (3 to 13 per cent) – oxygen– smaller amounts of nitrogen– sulphur – little water– other elements.
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• 4 Types:– Lignite– Subbituminous– Bituminous– Anthracite
Coal types?
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Formation of COAL
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Mining
– Strip Mining• Removal of large strips of overlying
rock and soil to reveal coal.– Mountaintop Removal Mining
• Removal of mountain tops with explosives. Land made flat after reclamation.
– Highwall Mining• A continuous miner cuts holes
horizontally into the coal formation.– Underground Mining
• Room and pillar
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Coal uses
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Energy demand trend
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Energy demand trend
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Coal consumption
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Benefits of Coal
blue bars = coal
World Fossil Fuel Reserves1-Price2-Availability3-Effeciency4-Safe
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Coal in Yemen - SWOTStrengthSmall coal reserve –PROVED
WeaknessLimited researchesLake of technical support
OpportunitiesMore reservesEnergy utilizationEnhance the local industries
ThreatsLake of transportationExploitation cost
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Relative Costs of Coal based power generation Compared to Other Resources
Clearly coal is the most cost-effective form of energy. However, in creating clean coal, which is much more environment-friendly, the costs raise significantly.
Because Clean Coal technology is new, there are not accurate estimates as to what the costs will be once advances are made.
To produce 1 MWh the cost of coal is: 50 - 60 % less than oil and petroleum
45% less than Natural gases energy
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Hadhramout mining?-Local Ltd entity-Specialty in coal, first local company EVER.-Stationed in Mukalla-Proved 7 coal fields-Working on new fields-Mining plans-Power generation plans
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5 Years prospecting workHistorical reportsInvestigation and researches Prospection permitsConsultancies Field works, samplingTesting and analysisManual exploration, (Manual digging)Promising fields identificationMinor exploration, through mechanical trenchingExploitationPlanning
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Hadhramout mining responsibilities?Social
To create 300-400 Job opportunitiesTo work on roads on the targeted areas
PoliticalTo make use of 100% of local coal locally
EconomicalPower generationEnhance coal energy as an alternative energy resource
-EnvironmentalUse the latest technology
-Safety and hygieneImplement the ISO standard in all practicesTrain people
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Coal resource-Seven coal fields, different areas-Seam thickness varies from 0.3m to 1.5M-Contour & high wall and Underground mining-Probable resource estimation at 54 Million Ton-Bituminous - Sub bituminous – Lignite coal-Heating value range: 3000-5500 Kcal/kg-Suitable for power generation-Exploitation cost is the crucial factor
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Optimal utilization-Power generationEstimated reserve can generate:300 MWh for 30 Years!!!
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Economy impact-Enhance the coal energy-Better utilization for petroleum resources-Decrease unemployment %-Open new horizon for the economy-Attract attention of foreign investors
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Close and remarks