LLP-LDV/TOI/07/IT/016

University Lucian Blaga SibiuIPCTE research centre

Department of Ancient and Medieval History

F-M U. S. EU. M.

(Form Multimedia System for a European Museum)

• University Lucian Blaga Sibiu, IPCTE research centre is partner in this project and it taking care of two beneficiaries museums from the area of Transylvania:– Brukenthal National Museum

Sibiu– The Deva Museum of Dacian and

Roman Civilization

IPCTE Background• The IPCTE is a research centre focused on the accessibility of the Transylvanian

patrimony. In this moment we have more ongoing projects financed by Romanian Research Agencies and our University.

• Our web site is one of the well ranked site in Romanian cultural sector. Most of the information are available in Romanian and English languages.

• We have a dedicated area for our archaeological sites around Transylvania, with all the work we have done.

• A special area is related to our scientific journal Acta Terrae Septemcastrensis, with the on-line version of the printed journal.

• We have one of the biggest on line library from Romania about patrimony, with more than 30 books available in pdf and html formats. (repositories, sites reports e.g.)

• Another area is dedicated to the symposiums we organized.

• Other projects are available on line, like virtual reconstructions of Neolithic and Medieval environments.

• Or about the repository of the radiocarbon data from Romania and nearby areas from Paleolithic to the Eneolithic times. We have a data base with more than 800 records.

Brukenthal National Museum Website

• It is an working website. http://www.brukenthalmuseum.ro/en

• Each department is having a section with descriptions, contacts and some on line materials.

• They have inside museum, touch screens with more digitalized materials.

• Available in Romanian, English and Deutsch languages.

http://www.brukenthalmuseum.ro/en

The Deva Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation

• No official website. A website about museum is available at http://museum.worldwidesam.net/

• No official control on this version.

• Last update is July 2005• It is necessary to build a new

one.

http://museum.worldwidesam.net/

http://museum.worldwidesam.net/

Was opened to the public in 1817.- is the third museum ever founded in Europe - is the first museum in Romania that worked and still works today

The value, diversity and importance of the collections, recommend the museum as an institution of European prestige.

The museum participates in many International Cultural Projects.

Named after its founder, Samuel von Brukenthal, Governor of Transylvania between 1777-1787, who built the impressive Baroque Palace that shelters the main collections.

• It is in fact a complex of three museums which, without being separated administratively speaking, have different locations and their own cultural programs.

The structure of the Brukenthal National Museum

• The museum has in his The museum has in his subordination 8 buildings, 5 of subordination 8 buildings, 5 of them being palaces built in them being palaces built in different periods. The oldest different periods. The oldest building is the one that houses building is the one that houses the History Museum, built in the the History Museum, built in the 14th century and the newest 14th century and the newest building dates from 1901.building dates from 1901.

The Brukenthal Palace and The Blue House

The History Museum

The Pharmacy Museum The Natural History Museum

The Contemporary Art Gallery

The Hunting Museum August von Spiess

House, Piaţa Mică, nr. 22

• The European Art Gallery is located in the Brukenthal Palace. The collection of paintings had been acquired by the baron von Brukenthal from Vienna after 1750. They illustrate the main European painting schools: Flemish-Dutch (456 pieces), Italian (200), German-Austrian (450), French and Spanish (20) of the 15th-18th centuries.

•The names of the artists in the museums collections range from Antonello da Messina, Lorenzo Lotto, Alessandro Magnasco, Albrecht Dürer, Rubens, Botticeli to Jan van Dyck and Titian.

The Brukenthal Palace built from 1778 to 1788

• The Printroom, being founded by Baron Samuel von Brukenthal is considered to be the oldest in Romania. It owns more than 12,000 items of the 16th-18th centuries European engravings, as well as Romanian modern and contemporary art. Albrecht Dürer, Marcantonio Raimondi, Hendrick Goltzius, Agostino Carracci, J. Callot, G. Tiepolo, Piranesi are worth being mentioned.

Albrecht DÜRER

St.Eustachius

• The Decorative Art Collection is representative for the history of Transylvania and Central Europe as many objects were achieved in Transylvanian guilds centers. It sums up more than 600 exhibits: furniture (about 200), medieval tin and silver objects (61), canonical made in Italy in the 14th-15th centuries (20), the Far East decorative arts (120) and the most important collection of medieval carpets in Romania (61).

HERMANN, Melchior

A virgin’s cup

• The Transylvanian Painting Collection, one of the most significant of its kind in the country, includes a great number of portraits from the 16th to the 18th century, important especially from a historical and documentary point of view

• The Collection of Modern and Contemporary Art contains the works of: Nicolae Grigorescu, the initiator of modern Romanian painting, Theodor Pallady, considered to be the most important painter from between the two World Wars, Hans Mattis Teutsch, the first abstract painter, Corneliu Baba and Alexandru Ciucurencu, the initiators of the Romanian contemporary school of painting.

Mişu Popp

The girl in blue

Arthur Coulin

Countrywomen from Transylvania

Ion Andreescu

Path in a Forest

The Romanian Art Gallery

Brukenthal Library• The total number of volumes reach approximately 300,000 of which 442 titles represent incunabula grouped together in 382 volumes.

• examples from the manuscript collection- Brukenthal Breviarium (purchased in 1786 in Vienna) - Vigiliale, manuscript on parchment from the year 1507 from Sura Mare, Sibiu district.•the incunabula Toma de Aquino, Opus praeclarum quarti scripti, Mainz 1469; Breviarum croaticum, 1493; Petrarca, Triomphi, 1488; Schedel's Chronicles (2,000 illustrations engraved in wood), Nuremberg, 1493; De mirabilibus mundi by Solinus C. Iulius, printed in Venice in 1488; Strabo's Geografia, Rome, 1473; Natural History by Piliniu the Old, Venice, 1498 etc.

Virgiliale

Brukenthal Breviarium

The Natural History Museum was founded by The Transylvanian Society of Natural Sciences (Sieben-bürgischer Verein für Naturwiessenschaf-ten), in 1849. The immense archives of science are the result of research started at the middle of the 19th century by a number of native and foreign scientists and nature lovers grouped around that society. Collections: over 1,000,000 pieces: the botanical collection (168,000), zoology (22,500), mineralogy (12,000), petrography (7,000), entomology (266,000), malacology (510,000), palaeontology (57,000), ornithology (5,000)

•The Pharmacy Museum was inaugurated in 1972 and functions in an ancient building which dates back to 1568, an architectural monument of Gothic and Renaissance overtones. The first chemist’s shop ever attested in the lands functioned here in 1494. •The collections of the museum exceed 6,600 pieces (16th - 19th centuries) which are proofs of pharmaceutical techniques and of medicine in the Romanian lands. The homoeopathic collection sums up 2,900 pieces.

The Hunting Trophies MuseumThe permanent hunting exhibition was reorganised in 1981 in a modern display in the Spiess House. The exhibition recreates the evolution of the hunting arms from ancient times and it emphasises the valuable trophies to be found in Romania, which were awarded in Romania and abroad. The collection includes over 1,500 native and exotic pieces.

The Contemporary Art Galleries are located into a building constructed in 1901 and renovated in 2006.Different contemporary artists from Romania or other countries exhibit here every year. Until now we hosted exhibitions from Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Holland, Italy, Israel, Luxembourg, Romania, Switzerland.

The edifice that houses The History Museum is a representative monument in Gothic style; its nucleus was the dwelling of the mayor Thomas Altemberger, constructed at the end of the 15th century. It is the greatest Gothic civil construction in Transylvania. In 1549, it was turned into a town hall and functioned as such until 1948.

Collections: numismatics (60,000 antique Greek and Roman, medieval Hungarian, Transylvanian, German coins), archaeology (39,000 exhibits and 82,000 fragments of archaeological items), decorative arts and guild objects (about 14,000 items), arms (1,900), documentary graphic arts (33,000).

The Museum of History – The Numismatic Collection

The numismatic collection of the Brukenthal Museum holds almost 60,000 coins and medals.

Along two centuries the collection was enriched with coins issued in every historic period, which were discovered in Transylvania or brought from other geographical areas and donated to the museum, so that at present our storehouse holds isolated gold, silver and bronze coins and ancient Dacian, republican or imperial Roman hoards. At the same time we hold series of modern and medieval coins, among which an important place is held by the gold and silver issues of Transylvanian princes. The collection includes also several hoards composed of medieval and modern token coins issued in Eastern and Central Europe.

The Museum of History – The Collection of Archaeology

Hand axe, unifacial. Inferior Paleolithic, Pebble Culture.

The museum is having in it’s warehouses 39,000 archaeologic museum pieces and further 82,000 fragments of pieces. There are ongoing excavations at Miercurea Sibiului, Valea Viilor, Tilisca and Cheile Turzii who are providing each year more artefacts from Paleolithic through Neolithic, Eneolithic and Bronz age till Dacian epoch.

Hand axe, bifacial. Middle Paleolithic, Mousterian Culture.


Starcevo Cris - idols in Habitat exhibition.

Starčevo-Criş Culture –

Burned clay –zoomorphic idol. Starčevo-Criş Culture –

Bucranium.

Starčevo-Criş Culture -

Anthropomorphic idol.


Small shrine from burned clay.


Stone axe, polished.

Starčevo-Criş Culture – pit house reconstruction, With pottery and tools.

Flint blades .


Starčevo-Criş Culture – four leg shrine.

Starčevo-Criş Culture – bowls.

Anthropomorphic idols , Vinča Culture, Miercurea Sibiului.

House model, on a pottery bail.

Vessel lids.

Pottery, Vinča Culture, Miercurea Sibiului.

Vinča Culture House reconstruction with pottery, axes,

grinder, mill stone and clay weights, bone tools, obsidian and

flint blades.

Petresti Culture Pianu de Jos ritual shrine

reconstruction with original pottery.

Petresti Culture - Anthropomorphic and zoomorphic idols.

Shrine clay model. House clay model.

Chair clay model. Tools (stone axe and bone tools).

Cotofeni culture, idol, pottery and bones.

Cooper axe -adze (Jaszladany, Sincai branch).

Cooper axe-hammer (Plocnik).

Cooper chisel gab.

Bronze sickle .

Bronze discus axe.

Bronze sword.Celt .

Bronze objects from a Depozit. The bronze deposits are all over Transylvania.

The image is from museum reconstruction, themoment of discovery.

Noua Culture Grave from Valea Viilor, Sibiu County.

Dacian pottery from Tilisca.

Dacian iron tools and weapons from Tilisca.

Dacian objects from Tilisca cremation grave.

Roman pottery and tools. (Materials displayed in a Villa rustica reconstituted in the museum).

Roman building materials.

Tin vessels from XVII century and beginning of the XVIII century.

Glass vessels from XVII century and beginning of the XVIII century.

Glass shape form from Porumbacu de Sus.

Glass finery.

We have almost 2000 artefacts belonging to the guilds, brotherhoods and medieval journeymen from XIV – XIX centuries.

Painted table (XVII century).

Worship objects.

Jewel objects.

The Treasury is formed and enriched itself through donations and acquisitions from the Evangelic churches, guilds and citizens, jewelers and antiquaries and through discoveries. The silverwork collection comprises over 1000 pieces, as follows> 120 liturgical works (chalices, ciboriums, hrismatoriums, altar crosses e.g.), 100 profane silverworks (goblets, guild or neighborhood beakers e.g..), 655 ornaments and jewels (belt buckels, buckels, pocket watches, rings, hair pins, buttons eg.) and over 200 tableware pieces. This collection is one of the richest from Romania and most of the pieces were executed by the goldsmiths from Sibiu

Frankenstein –Cup of rhinoceros horn. XVII th century. Evangelic Church Sibiu.

Jewel objects. .

Chalice – Evangelic Church Cisnadie, second half of the XIV th century.

Ciborium – Evangelic Church Merghindeal, end of the XIV th century. Transylvanian workshop.

Women suit XVIII century.

Women suit XIX century.

Suits accessories, XVIII-XIX centuries.

We have a large collection of weapons and armors with european and oriental objects.

The roman lapidarium collections held dozens of pieces.

Hecate Triformis, centuries I-II A.D. (Salinae)

Funerary medallion, century II A.D.Apoldu de Sus.

Tauroctonia, century II A.D.Apulum.

Jupiter Tronans, century II A.D.

The Medieval Lapidarium is having a lot of pieces, mostly of them from the Sibiu town and cemeteries.

Daniel and the lions. XVII th century. Fri\om the House with the lions (demolished).


-Founded in 1882-The main location is in the Magna Curia building, dating from Renaissance and remodeled in the XVIII th century. -Here are the offices, laboratories and the main exhibition. Unfortunately for more than a decade the building is in restoration process and the exhibitions are closed. There are other small branches around Deva town.


Local History and Folk Museum Brad A new building from sixties with archaeological collections, ethnographical and local history from

Zarand and Apuseni Mountains. In this moment the exhibitions are in restoration process.


Ethnographical and folk art museum from Orăştie Archeological materials from Orastie area and ethnographical

collection (tools textiles, pottery, folk suits, Icons on wood or glass e.g. ).


Aurel Vlaicu Memorial Museum Is dedicated to the life of the Romanian inventor

(airplanes).


Archaeological Museum Sarmizegetusa -

Sarmizegetusa was the capital of Roman Dacia. Colonia Ulpia Traiana Augusta Dacica Sarmizegetusa Capitala Daciei was founded by Emperor Traian. Inside the museum we can found a rich collection of roman archaeology (pottery, weapons, tools, epigraphic monuments, numismatic e.g.). In the nearby are the open air roman city can be seen (The Forum, Amphitheatre, Liber Pater Temple, Aesculap Temple e.g.)


Memorial House Crişan

The building is a reconstruction house and is having materials about the peasants revolt from 1784-1785.

In the same time ethnographic materials are exhibited here.


Memorial House Avram Iancu from Baia de Cris

Local history related to the activity of the leaders of Romanians in the 1848 revolution.


So, we are nearby the main centre of Dacian civilization and Roman administrative centre. Our collections are starting with the paleolithic tools, with Neolithic artifacts from Mures Valley, Bronze Age and a lot of Dacian and Roman objects. The Romanian folk art is very well represented too.

Stater (gold), Sec. I B.C.. LisimahAureus (gold), 55-63 A.D. Nero

Aureus (gold), 69-71 A.D. Vespasianus

We have one of the richest collection of coins from Romania


Solidus (gold), 539-540, Justinian I

Gulden (gold), 1468-1470 A.D. , Matei Corvin


Very rare objects, KOSON, type I, 43-29 B.C.. (?)

Very rare objects, KOSON, type II, 43-29 B.C.. (?)

Dacian coin, silver, type Radulesti -Hunedoara


Gold Plaques, Germisara, II-III A.D.


1. Bronz case2. good

3. D gurii: 16 cm, L toartă: 13 cm, H: 9 cm4. 5. Sec. I p.Chr.6. Orastie Mountains7. MCDR, Deva8. C219. Inedit

1. Tipar pentru turnat verigi2. Foarte bună3. Dimensinea verigilor: D ext: 2,1x1,7x2 cm, D int: 1,1x0,9x1,1 cm4. Confecţionat din lut, având culoare cărămizie. Cu acest tipar se puteau turna trei verigi5. Sfârşitul sec. I a.Chr. – începutul sec. II p.Chr. 6. Băniţa 7. MCDR, Deva8. 22 9259. A. Rustoiu, Un atelier de prelucrare a bronzului din cetatea dacică de la Băniţa(jud. Hunedoara), în Ephemeris Napocensis, II, 1992, p. 50, fig. 2, 8. Tezaure de argint dacice, Bucureşti, 1976; p. 17, fig. 2; A. Rustoiu, Metalurgia bronzului la daci, Bucureşti, 1996, fig 16, 3


1. Bracelet 2. good3. D ext: 6,6 cm, D int: 5,2 cm

4. Silver , Confecţionată din tablă argint, prin ciocănire, pe un miez de răşină sau smoală şi a fost îndoită, astfel încât corpul brăţării a primit o formă tubulară. În zona mediană corpul este trapezoidal în secţiune. Capetelebrăţării sunt trompetiforme şi au fost astupate cu câte o plăcuţă de argint. Ornamentarea extremităţilor constă în două perechi de proeminenţe realizate în relief. Aceste proeminenţe sunt decorate la rândul lor cu linii incizate. Aceleaşi linii incizate. Aceleaşi linii incizate, dispuse în zig-zag şi mărginite de alte linii şi puncte, se întâlnesc şi pe capetele brăţării 5.I B.C.6. Băniţa7. MCDR, Deva8. 13992

1. Bowl2. Well3. D gurii: 18 cm, H: 34 cm4. Lucrat la roată, pastă cărămizie, fund inelar, corpul este bombat în partea inferioară, se îngustează treptat spre gură5. Sec. I p.Chr.6. Costeşti7. MCDR, Deva8. 22974


1. Rake2well3. L: 38 cm4. Se mai păstrează cinci din cei şase dinţi 5. Sec. I a.Chr. – I p.Chr.6. Munţii Orăştiei7. MCDR, Deva8. 264529. Inedit

1. Scythe2. well3. L: 55 cm4. Curbura lamei e puţin accentuată, corpul piesei se curbează mult înaintea limbii de fixare, care este prevăzută în partea superioară cu un orificiu şi cu un cârlig5. I A.D..6. Grădiştea Muncelului7. MCDR, Deva8. 26451


1. Bronze wash-bowl2. bad3. D gurii: 31,7 cm, H: 8,5 cm4. 5..I A.D.6. Orastie Mountains7. MCDR, Deva8. C19

1. Bracket2. good3. H max: 5 cm, l: 3,5 cm4. lronze5. Sec. I a.Chr. - I p.Chr.Sureanu Mountains7. MCDR, Deva8. C1009. Inedit


1. Goldsmith hammer2. well 3. L: 8,9 cm

4. Are două braţe, unul rotund în secţiune, celălalt se lăţeşte progresiv, astfel încât capătul este aplatizat. În zona orificiului de înmănuşare circular,corpul piesei se îngroaşă5. Sec. I a.Chr. – I p.Chr.6. Piatra Roşie 7. MCDR, Deva

1. Yoke ring2. well3. H: 6,3 cm4. Din bronz, de forma unei verigi aproximativ ovale, fixată de o placă decorată prin intermediul unui « gât » ornamentat.5. Sec. I a.Chr. – I p.Chr.6. Piatra Roşie7. MCDR, Deva8. C32


Batiz – faience XIX century

LLP-LDV/TOI/07/IT/016

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