Living conditions, Live styles and Health The Health Crisis in Russia and some CIS Countries...

Living conditions, Live styles and Health

The Health Crisis in Russia The Health Crisis in Russia and some CIS Countriesand some CIS Countries

Univ.Prof. Dr. Bernhard FeldererUniv.Prof. Dr. Bernhard Felderer

Institute for Advanced StudiesInstitute for Advanced Studies

ViennaVienna

Presentation at the Institute for Advanced StudiesPresentation at the Institute for Advanced Studies on January 9th, 2003 on January 9th, 2003

Project funded by the European Community under the FP5 horizontal programme “Confirming the International role of Community Research” (INCO2 - Copernicus)

2000-2003

LIVING CONDITIONS, LIVING CONDITIONS, LIFE STYLES AND HEALTH LIFE STYLES AND HEALTH

Vienna-Moscow-Minsk-London-Derby

Research programme


Life Expectancy at Birth in Males by Country.

56.0

61.0

66.0

71.0

76.0

1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Armenia Belarus Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Moldova

Russia Ukraine EU average


Life Expectancy at Birth in Females by Country.

60.0

62.0

64.0

66.0

68.0

70.0

72.0

74.0

76.0

78.0

80.0

82.0

1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Armenia Belarus Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Moldova

Russia Ukraine EU average


PROJECT COVERAGE.PROJECT COVERAGE.


PROJECT COUNTRIES.PROJECT COUNTRIES.

AM Armenia

BY Byelorussia

GE Georgia

KZ Kazakhstan

KG Kyrgyzstan

MD Moldova

RU Russia

UA Ukraine


Administrative classification Administrative classification of the interview place.of the interview place.

AM BY GE KZ KG MD RU UA Total

(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)

Capital of the state 28.5 16.9 25.1 9.4 20.0 18.2 5.2 5.0 14.6

Regional Capital 15.5 17.0 16.3 23.0 7.5 12.3 30.5 26.6 20.0

City, not the capital, not the regional capital

16.0 30.2 11.9 23.5 10.0 11.6 30.2 30.1 21.7

Small town 1.0 4.6 3.7 0.0 3.5 0.0 6.8 6.3 3.7

Village 39.0 31.4 43.0 44.1 59.0 58.1 27.3 32.1 40.0

Valid 2,000 2,000 2,022 2,000 2,000 2,000 4,006 2,400 18,428


Personal Assessment ofPersonal Assessment of Economic Transformation. Economic Transformation.


How has the disintegration of the USSR influenced the How has the disintegration of the USSR influenced the living standard in our country, according to your opinion?living standard in our country, according to your opinion?


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)

Don't know 6.5 16.9 13.0 13.1 5.9 12.1 13.6 10.0 11.6

Positively 2.6 6.6 2.6 10.5 10.9 4.0 8.5 7.7 6.9

Has not influenced at all

1.1 11.1 4.9 15.6 5.5 6.6 10.2 7.8 8.1

Negatively 89.8 65.3 79.5 60.8 77.7 77.3 67.7 74.5 73.4

Valid 1,997 1,967 1,962 1,985 1,996 1,961 4,000 2,368 18,236


State of the economy: State of the economy: The times of the USSR.The times of the USSR.


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)

Don't know 4.6 19.1 6.5 11.3 4.2 8.8 11.9 9.0 9.7The lowest mark 0.5 2.3 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.3 2.0 1.7 1.4

2 1.1 5.1 0.8 3.6 1.6 2.3 5.3 4.0 3.23 6.8 20.4 11.3 19.4 7.0 12.2 26.9 18.5 16.64 27.3 30.0 24.1 35.6 24.6 31.6 34.3 33.7 30.7

The highest mark 59.8 23.2 56.3 29.1 61.7 43.8 19.6 33.1 38.4

Valid 2,000 1,999 2,016 1,999 2,000 2,000 4,006 2,393 18,413


State of the economy: Today.State of the economy: Today.


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)


2 24.5 23.9 11.9 30.0 26.5 33.0 31.2 32.0 27.23 11.2 31.9 3.5 36.5 25.5 14.7 32.3 19.3 22.94 3.1 12.4 0.8 12.0 7.5 1.8 8.8 2.4 6.3

The highest mark 0.5 1.4 0.2 3.1 1.7 0.3 1.0 0.5 1.1

Valid 2,000 2,000 2,011 2,000 1,998 2,000 4,003 2,394 18,406


State of the economy: In 10 years.State of the economy: In 10 years.


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)


2 7.6 6.5 5.5 9.9 8.3 7.7 5.9 10.4 7.63 6.9 9.5 8.9 20.2 13.6 13.2 11.8 13.3 12.24 6.6 11.5 6.2 20.1 16.8 7.5 15.1 11.2 12.2

The highest mark 5.8 6.7 6.1 13.8 15.6 2.4 8.4 6.4 8.1

Valid 2,000 1,997 2,006 1,996 2,000 1,999 3,997 2,384 18,379


Health Beliefs.Health Beliefs.


Do you have any health problems, chronic Do you have any health problems, chronic diseases that limit your activities?diseases that limit your activities?


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)

No 71.3 59.8 77.6 65.8 70.1 61.3 55.8 54.1 63.3Yes 28.7 40.2 22.4 34.3 30.0 38.8 44.2 45.9 36.7

Valid 2,000 2,000 2,022 2,000 2,000 2,000 4,006 2,395 18,423


What effect, do you think, smoking has on the What effect, do you think, smoking has on the health of people who smoke?health of people who smoke?


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)

Don't know 1.0 3.7 3.6 3.6 2.5 1.9 2.4 2.2 2.6

Doesn't make any difference to health

1.5 3.6 2.0 5.7 1.9 1.3 2.5 2.0 2.5

Smoking has positive effects

1.5 2.8 3.5 6.6 5.2 2.7 3.8 1.9 3.5

Smoking has negative effects

96.1 89.9 91.0 84.2 90.5 94.2 91.2 93.9 91.4

Valid 2,000 1,995 1,997 2,000 1,996 2,000 3,999 2,385 18,372


Importance: Be active, get regular exercise.Importance: Be active, get regular exercise.


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)

Don't know 2.3 4.0 3.4 1.9 1.2 4.0 2.5 3.2 2.8Important 78.9 63.8 60.3 54.6 78.7 66.7 63.2 64.0 65.9

Quite important 13.6 25.2 33.6 35.3 15.6 23.3 27.1 25.3 25.1Rather unimportant 2.8 3.7 2.2 6.6 3.5 3.8 5.0 4.3 4.1

Unimportant 2.5 3.4 0.5 1.7 1.2 2.3 2.2 3.2 2.2

Valid 2,000 2,000 2,010 2,000 2,000 2,000 4,006 2,392 18,408


Importance: Have a healthy diet.Importance: Have a healthy diet.


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)



Unimportant 9.1 0.9 0.5 0.4 1.1 0.2 0.5 0.4 1.5

Valid 2,000 2,000 2,006 2,000 2,000 1,998 4,006 2,392 18,402


Importance: Avoid binge drinking.Importance: Avoid binge drinking.


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)



Unimportant 44.4 2.2 3.6 3.3 8.5 6.7 2.5 5.2 8.7

Valid 2,000 2,000 2,006 2,000 2,000 1,999 4,006 2,388 18,399


Importance: Go to the doctor regularly.Importance: Go to the doctor regularly.


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)



Unimportant 14.2 11.5 2.7 9.3 5.0 5.0 11.6 12.6 9.3

Valid 2,000 2,000 2,006 1,999 2,000 2,000 4,006 2,391 18,402


Effect on health: Effect on health: Housing and living conditions.Housing and living conditions.


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)

Don't know 4.1 11.1 4.9 5.4 3.2 6.6 7.3 6.8 6.3Important effect 56.3 24.6 44.4 27.6 55.6 53.4 28.4 34.0 39.1

Some effect 20.9 25.1 41.9 31.8 24.3 27.9 27.8 27.2 28.3A little effect 12.0 24.1 5.6 22.1 9.2 7.4 21.3 20.5 16.0

No effect 6.8 15.3 3.2 13.2 7.7 4.8 15.2 11.5 10.3

Valid 2,000 2,000 2,009 1,999 1,997 2,000 4,006 2,390 18,401


Effect on health: Effect on health: Constant stress in daily life.Constant stress in daily life.


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)

Don't know 4.4 6.9 2.1 3.7 9.4 7.3 5.3 4.6 5.4Important effect 69.0 55.8 55.6 55.6 47.8 60.4 57.3 62.3 58.0

Some effect 19.2 29.9 38.6 31.5 25.7 27.6 28.4 26.2 28.3A little effect 4.0 5.3 2.7 6.5 8.2 3.1 5.2 4.3 4.9

No effect 3.6 2.2 0.9 2.8 8.9 1.7 3.7 2.5 3.3

Valid 2,000 2,000 2,006 2,000 1,996 1,998 4,006 2,393 18,399


Actual Behaviour and Constraints.Actual Behaviour and Constraints.


What are you doing at the moment?What are you doing at the moment?


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)

Study at the university, tech.college, tech. school,

second. school3.1 5.3 4.9 6.7 6.9 3.1 5.5 4.3 5.0

you neither study nor work

74.2 36.2 42.0 44.2 57.2 50.8 39.6 53.3 48.7

you work 21.4 51.6 51.8 45.7 28.6 40.7 47.4 36.2 41.1

you work and study 0.4 2.5 0.5 1.9 3.7 1.0 2.4 1.6 1.8

you are retired and work 1.1 4.5 0.8 1.6 3.7 4.5 5.0 4.6 3.4

Valid 2,000 1,999 2,017 1,996 1,996 1,998 3,998 2,390 18,394


Please evaluate the level of the material living Please evaluate the level of the material living conditions of your family.conditions of your family.


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)

Difficult to answer 1.3 2.6 1.2 1.5 1.1 1.9 1.0 1.7 1.5

The money is not enough even for our nutrition

46.6 9.4 36.2 11.7 19.1 25.3 13.3 29.2 22.8

The money is just enough for food and clothes

48.9 66.9 54.3 63.6 64.2 62.4 61.4 57.2 60.0

It is enough to buy TV, fridge, but not enough for

car/flat2.7 18.9 7.7 19.5 12.1 8.8 21.8 10.8 13.7

We can purchase expensive goods (Car, flat)

0.5 2.2 0.6 3.7 3.4 1.6 2.5 1.1 2.0

Valid 1,997 1,982 1,992 1,992 1,993 1,991 3,991 2,380 18,318


Availability of Cold water on tap.Availability of Cold water on tap.


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)

Not at all 2.6 14.1 9.1 17.6 19.8 33.8 6.4 13.5 13.7

In the home 65.5 73.1 59.3 52.8 29.8 33.7 76.9 60.5 58.7

Outside of the home (e.g. in the garden or

street)32.0 12.9 31.5 29.7 50.5 32.5 16.7 26.0 27.6

Valid 2,000 2,000 2,022 2,000 2,000 2,000 4,006 2,399 18,427


Availability of WC.Availability of WC.


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)

Not at all 0.5 0.0 0.3 0.3 1.9 0.0 0.9 1.3 0.7

In the home 57.9 61.7 45.1 40.9 18.2 28.4 67.3 49.9 48.5


street)41.7 38.4 54.5 58.9 80.0 71.7 31.8 48.9 50.8

Valid 2,000 2,000 2,022 2,000 2,000 2,000 4,006 2,399 18,427


Availability of Bathroom.Availability of Bathroom.


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)

Not at all 19.6 34.8 35.0 57.2 69.5 48.2 28.4 35.5 39.5

In the home 61.0 64.4 47.3 40.4 20.1 43.3 69.2 60.4 53.0


street)19.5 0.9 17.7 2.5 10.4 8.5 2.4 4.0 7.5

Valid 2,000 2,000 2,022 2,000 2,000 2,000 4,006 2,399 18,427


Problems with Electricity.Problems with Electricity.


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)

Don't know 0.6 0.7 8.7 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.4 1.3 1.5Constantly 43.6 3.0 13.1 9.3 33.1 26.7 8.7 23.4 18.9Sometimes 33.1 10.8 64.9 21.9 41.1 38.8 16.2 30.0 30.3

Never 22.8 85.6 12.8 67.9 23.3 33.9 74.4 44.7 48.7you do not use it 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.3 2.1 0.0 0.4 0.7 0.5

Valid 2,000 1,995 2,013 1,999 1,998 1,999 3,993 2,394 18,391


Problems with Medical services.Problems with Medical services.


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)



Valid 2,000 1,991 2,004 1,996 2,000 2,000 3,996 2,380 18,367


Problems with Food of the first level of needs Problems with Food of the first level of needs (bread, sugar, milk).(bread, sugar, milk).


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)



Valid 2,000 2,000 2,010 1,999 1,999 2,000 4,005 2,393 18,406


Does your household have a plot of land, which Does your household have a plot of land, which can be used for growing agricultural products?can be used for growing agricultural products?


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)

Yes 45.4 71.9 56.2 67.0 73.0 72.8 68.1 65.7 65.3No 54.7 28.1 43.8 33.1 27.1 27.3 31.9 34.3 34.7

Valid 2,000 2,000 2,022 2,000 2,000 2,000 4,006 2,400 18,428


What do you think the economic situation of your What do you think the economic situation of your family will be in five years?family will be in five years?


(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)

Don't know 46.3 37.2 62.3 22.9 21.5 46.4 36.5 30.8 37.6

Will improve significantly

2.4 1.8 2.6 2.9 4.9 0.8 1.7 1.3 2.2

Will improve 17.4 22.2 16.6 31.5 41.7 17.3 21.8 19.2 23.2

Will stay without changes

11.4 22.8 11.8 30.4 15.7 19.5 24.1 24.8 20.6

Will worsen 15.9 13.6 5.0 11.1 13.2 12.3 14.0 18.4 13.2

Will worsen significantly

6.7 2.4 1.7 1.3 2.9 3.7 1.9 5.5 3.2

Valid 1,999 1,985 1,932 1,996 1,996 1,987 3,995 2,385 18,275


Univ.Prof. Dr. Bernhard FeldererUniv.Prof. Dr. Bernhard Felderer

Institute for Advanced StudiesStumpergasse 56

A-1060 Vienna

Austria

Tel: (+43-1) 59991-124

Fax: (+43-1) 59991-162

E-mail: [email protected]

Living conditions, Live styles and Health The Health Crisis in Russia and some CIS Countries...

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