Liver Gallbladder Common bile duct Pancreas Pancreatic duct Duodenum Biliary and Pancreatic Anatomy.
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Transcript of Liver Gallbladder Common bile duct Pancreas Pancreatic duct Duodenum Biliary and Pancreatic Anatomy.
Islet cellsecretinghormones
Cells secretingpancretic juice
Insulin and glucagon
Pancreticduct
Duodenum
Pancreas
Common bile duct
Blood
Pancreatic Anatomy
Pancreatic Secretions
• Acinar Enzymes Digestion
• Ductal HCO3 and Water Protection Digestion
Cell Type Component Function:
ATP
cAMP
Adenyl cyclase
?
?Ca2+
Ca2+
stores
Secretin
Ach
CCK
En
zymes
IP3
The Hormones also Modulate Enzyme Expression
Primary Stimulus
PANCREATIC ACINAR CELL
Regulators of Pancreatic Secretion
• Acinar CCK / Ach Secretin
• Ductal Secretin CCK / Ach
Cell Type PrimaryActivator Potentiator
(Ca2+ )
(cAMP )
Cephalic and Gastric: Neural – Ach
Intestinal : Hormonal
Liver
HepaticDucts
Right
Left
Common BileDuct
Cystic Duct
GallbladderAmpulla
ofVater
DuodenalLumen
PancreaticDuct
Sphincterof Oddi
• Excretory Component - Bilirubin, Drug Metabolites.
• Secretory Component- Bile: Produced and Filtered by Hepatocytes
Primary Bile Acids: Cholic Acid, Chenodeoxycholic Acid
- Secondary Bile Acids - Formed by Bacteria in the Intestine
: Deoxycholic Acid, Lithocholic Acid
Bile AcidsPrimary bile acids Secondary bile acids
Cholesterol
Cholic acid Deoxycholic acid
Chenodeoxycholic acid
Lithocholic acid
Liver Intestine
Cholesterol 7-hydroxylase
80% 20%Fraction of Total
Amphipathic Carboxylic Acids
C
Have both Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic domains
Formation
of
Micelles
Co-Lipase
Bile Acids are Amphipathic
Centralvein
Hepatic cell plateBile canaliculus
Venous sinusoidTerminalbile duct
Kupffer cell
Portal venule
Aorta
(200)
Celiac(700)
PortalVein
Superior Mesenteric (700)
InferiorMesenteri
c (400)
LIVER
STOMACH
SPLEEN
PANCREAS
SMALLINTESTINE
COLON
To Systemic Circulation
(1800) mls/min
HEPATIC
Rates:
ml/min
Cholesterol 7-hydroxylase
Newly synthesizedbile acids(0.6 g/24 h)
Cholesterol
2 - 4 gbile-acid pool: circulated 6 - 10 times in 24 h
Excretedbile acids(0.6 g/24 h)
Liver
BileductsPortal
vein
ColonSmall intestine
Stomach
EnterohepaticCirculation
SECRETIONS of the INTESTINES
Information pertaining to the next 3
slides is found in the Lecture Notes for
the last Lecture
Blood vesselsLymph vesselsNervesSmooth muscleConnective tissuelymphocytesPlasma cellsEosinophiles
Villousepithelium
Undifferentiated
GobletMitoses
Endocrine cells
Cryptepithelium
Cryptlumen
Muscularismucosa
Absorp-tive cells
Gobletcells
Endocrine cells
Cell Loss
• Crypts of Lieberkuhn: Small and Large Intestine
- Contain Primarily Epithelial Cells, Mucus Goblet Cells, and Endocrine Cells.
- Water Secretion - VIP Activates Water Secretion by Elevating cAMP and Cl- conductance.
- Cell Growth and Differentiation: Cell Turnover at the Tip of a Villus is High (3-6 day Cycle).
Secretions of the Small Intestine (2000 ml/day)