Proceedmqe of the 7th International Workmg Conference on Stored-product Protection - Volume 1

List of Lepidoptera associated with stored commodities inVietnam

Bm Cong Hlenl

Abstract

Even though the Lepidoptera associated with storedcommodities IS one of the major stored insect pests, thestudies on this field m Viet Nam ISstill Iimited The resultsof our study from 1979 to 1990 Identified 11 vanous speciesbelonging to 5 farmhes of Lepidoptera Their distnbution ISdifferent and usually depends upon the commodities, thelocation and the types of storage

Introduction

After Coleoptera, Lepidoptera has being considered as thesecond major stored insect pests Indeed, many storedmdustnal or agncultural products may be Infested by vanousmoths , The damage ISamount 15%, sometimes 30 - 35 %or much more Doble et al (1985) recorded that m recent20 years the damage caused by Lepidoptera has beenmcreasmg m tropical countries Nevertheless the studies onmonths associated With stored commodities m Vietnam ISstill limited, not approximately WIth their role m practiceAs a further contribution to study on stored product msectpests some excursions at vanous places m Vietnam WIthdifferent stored commodities were conducted from 1979 to1990

Materials and Methods

The collectmg of the specimen were earned out during thesurveys m different storage m the Northern and Southern ofVietnam The studied commodities are cereals such aspaddy, mIlled nce, maIze, dned cassava, pharmaceuticalherbs, textile, ammal food and dned ammal products such asfeather of chIcken and duckThe morpholOgical characters of the adult and also of

female and male gemtaha of the moths were often used forthe IdentificationThe Identification of specIes are based on these

hteratures Corbet and Tams (1943), Hmton and Corbet

IDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Biology, HanoI Umverslty,19 Le Thanh Tong, HanOI, Vletnanl

( 1943 ), Zagunaev (1965), Thai Bang Hoa (1966),Weidner (1982) and Doble et al (1985)

Results

The results of study presented m Table 1 showed that themoths associated WIthstored commodities m VIetnam belongto 5 farruhes With 11 vanous species The number of speciesISmaximum m storage of ammal foodWith 10 species, whilem storage of cereals there are 6 species, 4 species occur mstorage of pharmaceutical herbs, 3 species develop m storedpulses or other agncultural products, only 2 species presentm factones of gram production and 6 species aSSOCIateWithstored dned ammal productsIn Table 1 also pointed out that there are some species can

infest and develop m most of commodities such as tropicalwarehouse moth (Ephestm cauiella (Walker», rice moth(C,fJrcyra cephalomCG (Stamton ) and tropical tobaccomoth (Setmnopha rutella Zeller) On the other hand,some species can only distribute m one kind of goods such asangiomas gram moth (Sdotroga cerealella (Ohv » wasonly found m stored paddy or species casemakmg clothesmoth (Tmea pellumalla Zeller) and Tnchophagaabricptella Woll only develop m storage of feed and dnedammal products The meal moth (Pyralts fannalw L )was collected m stored cereal grams and Hargreaves (1948)reported that this species damaged the cotton seed mUganda, AfncaThe results of study also demonstrated that the

differences of distnbution and the development of populationof the moths depend upon to the types of storage, the kmdof commodities and the locations m Vietnam For example,the Indian meal moth CPloiu: mierpunciella (Hubner»developed very well m long term stored maize in theNorthern VIetnam, willie this species couldn't be found mstored maIZem Tay Nguyen Plateau (Southern Vietnam)Perhaps some species have got the hfe m the fIeld,

because the angIOmasgram moth and the meal moth havebeen found m the field short time before harvest ThiSproblem unfortunately, has not yet been studied m detaIlsm Vietnam

Discussion

The Table 2 pomted out that 17 species belong to 6 vanous

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Proceedmae of the 7 th Iniernatumal Worktng Conference on Stored-product Protectwn - VolumE 1

farruhes of Lepidoptera associated With stored commodities mSoutheast Asia region But only 3 species Corcyracephaloruca (Stamton) Sttotroga cerealella (Ohv ) andEphestw cautella (Walker) were found m whole region (mVietnam, Thailand and other ASEAN member countries) Itseem to be that there are more species Similar betweenVietnam and other ASEAN member countries (7 speciesSimilar) than between Vietnam and Thailand (only 3 species

similar) The family Blastobasidae With two spiciesBlastobastS ochromarpha (Meyn) and BlastobastS spwere only found m Thailand, while 5 species of familyTmeidae were determmed m Vietnam, but m Thailand only1 species and 2 species mother ASEAN countries Thisdifference IS a problem that should be consider m furtherstudies With cooperative reseach work of the specialists onthis field

Table 1. The species of Lepidoptera associated With commodities m Vietnam

Family Species 1 2

Corcyra cephalontca (Stamton) + +Sttotroga cerealella (Ohv ) +Epheeuo. cauteua (Walker) + +Paralipea qularu: (Zeller) +Ploiui mterpunciella (Hubner) + +PyraltS fannaltS L + +MonophtS monacella (Hubner) +Setomorpha rytella Zeller + +Tinea pellwnella L +Tmeola btSsellwlla Hummel +Tnchophaga abruptella Woll +

3 4 5 6

Gallemdae

GelecludaePhycitidae

Pyrahdae

+ + +

+ +? ++?+

+Tmeidae

+ ++++++

Key 1 stored cereal grams2 animal food3 stored pulses and other agricultural products4 factory of gram production5 stored pharmaceutical herbs'6 stored feather of chicken and duck

Table 2. List of Lepidoptera Associated With Stored Commodities of Vietnam, Thailand and Other ASEAN Countries

Family Species Vietnam Thailand ASEAN Countries

Gallemdae

GeleclndaePhycrtidae

Blastobasidae BlastobastS ochromarpha (Meyn) +BlastobastS sp +Corcyra cepnalonica (Stamton) + +Sttotroga cerealella (Ohv ) + +Ephestw cautella (Walker) + +Ephestw elutella (Hubner)

Ephestta kuehmella Zeller

Doloessa tnruus (Zeller)

Paraltpsa gularw (Zeller)

Ploiui interpumciella (Hubner)

PyraltS farmaus LMelastna sp

MonophtS monacella (Hubner)

Setomorpha rutella Zeller

Tinea pellumella LTuieola btSsellwlla Hummel

Tnchophaga abruptella Woll

+++++

Pyrahdae + +++ ++ +

Tmeidae +++ ++ +++

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Proceedmqe of the 7th Iniernaiumal Worktng Conference on Stored-product Proiecium - Volume 1

In recent results of studies on stored product insects mThailand, , NakakIta et al (1991) recorded that the Indianmeal moth (Plodw interpuncielui (Hubner ) ) occurredvery few m Thailand, while this species are Widelydistribution m the Northern of Vietnam or m Philippines andIndonesia Of course the infestation and the development ofpopulation of Lepidoptera species associated With storedcommodities should depend upon more different factors suchas their ecological potential, the kmd of goods and the typesof storage or the methods of commodities preservation etcThere IS a need that the Identification or other research onLepidoptera m storage should be considered the number ofspecimen, the season of collectmg and the sources of theliterature Therefore, It needs to get a Center of collectionof stored product insects and the exchanging of specimen andother mformation between researchers of the countries inSoutheast Asia m the future

Acknowledgements

I gratefully acknowledge the oSW organization (Germany),Mr Heinz F Dressel and Mrs Buhler for providmg financialsupport

I am pleased to thank my Thai colleagues Mr SukprakarnC , Chief of Stored Product Insect Research Laboratory,Department of Agriculture, Dr Kirtibutr N ,Dr TauthongP ,Dr Poramarcom R and Dr Sarnthoy 0 , Departmentof Entomology Faculty of Agnculture , KasetsartUniversity, for their kind help dunng my working penod mThailandMy thanks are due to my Wife whose long-suffering

patience and support has made this work

References

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Identification of Lepidoptera Infesting Stored FoodProducts Proc Zoo Soc , Senes B 113, 55 - 148Doble, P , Hames, C P , Hodges, R J and Prevett P F1985 Insects and Arachnids of Tropical Stored theirBiology and Identification (A Trammg Manual) TropicalDevelopment and Research Institute, U KHargreaves H 1948 List of Recorded Cotton Insects ofthe World Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, U KHinton, H E and Corbet, A S 1943 Common InsectPests of Stored Food Products - a GUide to theirIdentification Bnt Mus (Nat Hist) Economic SeriesNo 15, 6th Edition 1990Nrlpamt, P and Sukprakarn C 1991Products and their Control m ThailandStored Products, 29 - 31 January,IndonesiaSemple, R L 1985 Problems Relating to Pest Control andUse of Pesticides m Gram Storage the Current Situation mASEAN and Future Requirements Pesticides and HurmdTropical Gram Storage Systems, ACIAR Proceedings No14,45-75Sukprakarn C 1985 Pest Problems and the Use ofPesticides m Gram Storage m Thailand Pesticides andHumid Tropical Gram Storage Systems, ACIARProceedings No 14,31-35Thai Bang Hoa 1966 Stored Insect Pests m Chma BeijingPressWeidner, H 1982 Bestimmungstabellen derVorratsschadhnge und des Hausungeziefers MitteleuropasVEB Jena Verlag

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