List of All Chemicals Matricaria recutita (Asteraceae ...

List of All Chemicals

P Matricaria recutita (Asteraceae)

Chemical PartAll

LowPPM

HighPPM

StdDev Reference

2,4-DIHYDROXYBENZOIC-ACID Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

2,5-DIHYDROXYBENZOIC-ACID Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

3,4-DIHYDROXYCINNAMIC-ACID Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

3-CARENE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

3-HYDROXY-2-METHYLIDENE-BUTYRIC-ACID-ANGELATE

Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

4-HYDROXY-3-METHOXY-BENZOIC-ACID


4-METHOXYBENZOIC-ACID Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

6,3-DIMETHOXYQUERCETIN Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

6,7-DIMETHOXYQUERCETIN Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

6-HYDROXY-LUTEOLIN-7-GLUCOSIDE


6-METHOXYKAEMPFEROL Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

ALPHA-BISABOLOL Flower 725.0 10000.0 1.0 *

Common name(s)Wild Camomile; German Camomile; Annual Camomile

How usedGRAS

Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. BocaRaton, FL. CRC Press.*

*

Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases Downloaded Thu Feb 17 11:59:00 EST 2022National Agricultural Library

Activities (20)

Analgesic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. DanielCo., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.

Antiarthritic Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Mar-91.Antibacterial Iwu, M.M. 1993. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 435 pp.Antiburn Iwu, M.M. 1993. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 435 pp.AntiinflammatoryAntipeptic Wagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)Antipyretic Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Mar-91.Antiseptic Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp.

AntispasmodicAntituberculicAntiulcer Iwu, M.M. 1993. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 435 pp.CandidicideCicatrizant ED50=228ug/g musCosmetic Fitoterapia No.61: 254, 1990.Fungicide Iwu, M.M. 1993. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 435 pp.Musculotropic Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp.Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by HenryPesticideProtisticideVulnerary ED50=228ug/g mus

ALPHA-BISABOLOL-OXIDE-A Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

ALPHA-BISABOLOL-OXIDE-B Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

ALPHA-BISABOLOLOXIDE-C Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

ALPHA-BISABOLONEOXIDE-A Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

ALPHA-CUBEBENE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

ALPHA-MUUROLENE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

ANTHECOTULIDE Plant -- -- Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide forHealth-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.

Activities (1)

Allergenic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., EssexUK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.

ANTHEMIC-ACID Plant -- -- Tramil

Activities (1)

Emetic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.

APIGENIN Flower 6.0 8400.0 Tramil

Activities (101)

11B-HSD-InhibitorAntiADDAntiHIV IC72=200 ug/mlAntiHIV IC50=143 ug/mlAntiaflatoxin IC50=9.52uMAntiaflatoxin IC50=2.57ppmAntiaggregantAntiagingAntiallergic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).Antiangiogenic 4 uMAntiarrhythmicAntibacterial Recio, M. C., Rios, J. L., and Villar, A., A review of some antimicrobial compounds isolated from medicinal plants reported in the literature

1978-1988, Phytotherapy Research, 3(4), 1989, 117-125.


Anticancer (Lung)AnticomplementaryAntidermatitic Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.Antiestrogenic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).Antiherpetic 20-54 ug/mlAntihistaminic IC50=10-35 uMAntiinflammatory #NAME?AntiinflammatoryIC~65=1,000 uMAntileukemic 20-50 uMAntimelanomic 1-50 uMAntimetastatic 1-50 uMAntimutagenic ID50=10-40 nM

Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health. Antioxidants & Cancer Prevention. Huang, M.T., Ho, C.T. and Lee, C.Y. eds. 1992.ACS Symposium Series 507.ACS, Washington 402 pp.

Antimutagenic ID50=0.55ug/mlAntioxidant 1.5 x Vit. EAntioxidant IC28.5=62.5ug/mlAntiperistalticAntiproliferant 1-50 uMAntiproliferant IC50=155uMAntispasmodic EC50=1-5uMAntistress 10 mg/kgAntithyroid Jim Duke's personal files.Antitumor 1-50 uMAntitumor (Breast) 1-50uMAntitumor (Lung)Antitumor (Skin)Antiviral 20-54 ug/mlAnxiolytic 10 mg/kgApoptotic 12-60 uMAromatase-InhibitorIC65=1 uM/l

Journal of Medicinal Food 2: 235.1999.

Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor IC50=~40 uMCNS-DepressantCOX-1-InhibitorIC65=1,000 uMCOX-2-InhibitorIC>65=1,000 uMCOX-2-Inhibitor <40 uMCOX-2-Inhibitor IC50=<15uMCalcium-Antagonist? Biochimica & Biophysica Acta, 1115: 69, 1991.Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.CholereticCyclooxygenase-InhibitorCytochrome-P450-1A1-InhibitorCytotoxic IC88=10 ug/ml Planta Medica, 57: A113, 1991.Cytotoxic 1-50 uMCytotoxic IC50=9.5 uMDNA-ProtectiveDeiodinase-Inhibitor Jim Duke's personal files.Differentiator MIC=30 uMDifferentiator IC40=40 uMDiuretic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.

Estrogenic EC50=0.1-25uM/l


Estrogenic 16% genisteinEstrogenic EC50=1 uMHIF-1alpha-InhibitorHyaluronidase-InhibitorIC50+=50-250 uMHypotensive Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.ICAM-1-InhibitorIKK-InhibitorInotropic


Interleukin-6-InhibitorMAO-InhibitorMAPK-InhibitorMusculotropic Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp.MutagenicMyorelaxant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.NADH-Oxidase-InhibitorNF-kB-InhibitorNO-Synthase-Inhibitor 5-50 uMNodulation-Signal Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.Ornithine-Decarboxylase-InhibitorP21-Inducer 10-70 uMPKC-Inhibitor IC50=10 uMPTK-Inhibitor 10-100 uMPesticidePolyamine-Synthesis-InhibitorProgestationalProtein-Kinase-C-InhibitorIC50=10-40 uMQuinone-Reductase-Inducer 20 uM

Uda, Y., Price, K. R., Williamson, G., Rhodes, M. J. C. 1997. Induction of the Anticarcinogenic Marker Enzyme, Quinone Reductase, in MurineHepatoma Cells In Vitro by Flavonoids. Cancer Lett., 120 (2): 213-216.

RadioprotectiveSedative 30-100 mg/kgSunscreenTNF-alpha-InhibitorIC50=3.27 uMTopoisomerase-I-Inhibitor Santti, R., Makela, S., Strauss, L., Korman, J., Kostian, M. L. 1998. Phytoestrogens: Potential Endocrine Disruptors in Males. Toxicol Ind Health,

14: 223-237.Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor50 ug/ml

Azuma, Y., Onishi, Y., Sato, Y., Kizaki, H. 1995. Effects of Protein Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors With Different Modes of Action on TopoisomeraseActivity and Death of IL-2-Dependent CTLL-2-Cells. J Biochemistry, 118: 312-318.

Topoisomerase-II-InhibitorIC28=18 uMTopoisomerase-II-InhibitorIC45=180 uMUterotrophic EC50=0.1-25uM/l


VEGF-Inhibitor IC50=2-7uMVasodilatorXanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor0.36 uMiNOS-Inhibitor IC50=<15uM

APIGENIN Plant -- -- *

Activities (101)

11B-HSD-InhibitorAntiADDAntiHIV IC72=200 ug/mlAntiHIV IC50=143 ug/mlAntiaflatoxin IC50=9.52uMAntiaflatoxin IC50=2.57ppmAntiaggregantAntiagingAntiallergic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).Antiangiogenic 4 uMAntiarrhythmicAntibacterial Recio, M. C., Rios, J. L., and Villar, A., A review of some antimicrobial compounds isolated from medicinal plants reported in the literature

1978-1988, Phytotherapy Research, 3(4), 1989, 117-125.Anticancer (Lung)AnticomplementaryAntidermatitic Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.Antiestrogenic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).Antiherpetic 20-54 ug/mlAntihistaminic IC50=10-35 uMAntiinflammatory #NAME?AntiinflammatoryIC~65=1,000 uM


Antileukemic 20-50 uMAntimelanomic 1-50 uMAntimetastatic 1-50 uMAntimutagenic ID50=10-40 nM

Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health. Antioxidants & Cancer Prevention. Huang, M.T., Ho, C.T. and Lee, C.Y. eds. 1992.ACS Symposium Series 507.ACS, Washington 402 pp.

Antimutagenic ID50=0.55ug/mlAntioxidant 1.5 x Vit. EAntioxidant IC28.5=62.5ug/mlAntiperistalticAntiproliferant 1-50 uMAntiproliferant IC50=155uMAntispasmodic EC50=1-5uMAntistress 10 mg/kgAntithyroid Jim Duke's personal files.Antitumor 1-50 uMAntitumor (Breast) 1-50uMAntitumor (Lung)Antitumor (Skin)Antiviral 20-54 ug/mlAnxiolytic 10 mg/kgApoptotic 12-60 uMAromatase-InhibitorIC65=1 uM/l


Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor IC50=~40 uMCNS-DepressantCOX-1-InhibitorIC65=1,000 uMCOX-2-InhibitorIC>65=1,000 uMCOX-2-Inhibitor <40 uMCOX-2-Inhibitor IC50=<15uMCalcium-Antagonist? Biochimica & Biophysica Acta, 1115: 69, 1991.

Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.CholereticCyclooxygenase-InhibitorCytochrome-P450-1A1-InhibitorCytotoxic IC88=10 ug/ml Planta Medica, 57: A113, 1991.Cytotoxic 1-50 uMCytotoxic IC50=9.5 uMDNA-ProtectiveDeiodinase-Inhibitor Jim Duke's personal files.Differentiator MIC=30 uMDifferentiator IC40=40 uMDiuretic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.Estrogenic EC50=0.1-25uM/l


Estrogenic 16% genisteinEstrogenic EC50=1 uMHIF-1alpha-InhibitorHyaluronidase-InhibitorIC50+=50-250 uMHypotensive Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.ICAM-1-InhibitorIKK-InhibitorInotropicInterleukin-6-InhibitorMAO-InhibitorMAPK-InhibitorMusculotropic Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp.MutagenicMyorelaxant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.NADH-Oxidase-InhibitorNF-kB-Inhibitor


NO-Synthase-Inhibitor 5-50 uMNodulation-Signal Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.Ornithine-Decarboxylase-InhibitorP21-Inducer 10-70 uMPKC-Inhibitor IC50=10 uMPTK-Inhibitor 10-100 uMPesticidePolyamine-Synthesis-InhibitorProgestationalProtein-Kinase-C-InhibitorIC50=10-40 uMQuinone-Reductase-Inducer 20 uM


RadioprotectiveSedative 30-100 mg/kgSunscreenTNF-alpha-InhibitorIC50=3.27 uMTopoisomerase-I-Inhibitor Santti, R., Makela, S., Strauss, L., Korman, J., Kostian, M. L. 1998. Phytoestrogens: Potential Endocrine Disruptors in Males. Toxicol Ind Health,

14: 223-237.Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor50 ug/ml

Azuma, Y., Onishi, Y., Sato, Y., Kizaki, H. 1995. Effects of Protein Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors With Different Modes of Action on TopoisomeraseActivity and Death of IL-2-Dependent CTLL-2-Cells. J Biochemistry, 118: 312-318.

Topoisomerase-II-InhibitorIC28=18 uMTopoisomerase-II-InhibitorIC45=180 uMUterotrophic EC50=0.1-25uM/l


VEGF-Inhibitor IC50=2-7uMVasodilatorXanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor0.36 uMiNOS-Inhibitor IC50=<15uM

APIGENIN-7-(6'O-ACETYL)-GLUCOSIDE


APIGENIN-7-ACETYLGLUCOSIDE Flower -- -- Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed.John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.

APIGENIN-7-APIOSYLGLUCOSIDE


APIGENIN-7-GLUCOSIDE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

APIGENIN-7-GLUCOSIDE-(2',3')-DIACETATE


APIGENIN-7-GLUCOSIDE-(3',4')-DIACETATE


APIGENIN-7-O-NEOHESPEROSIDE

Flower -- -- Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. BocaRaton, FL. 566 pp.

APIGENIN-7-O-RUTINOSIDE Flower -- -- Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. BocaRaton, FL. 566 pp.

Activities (1)

Anticomplementary

APIGETRIN Flower -- -- Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed.John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.

APIIN Flower -- -- Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed.John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.

Activities (4)

Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor

Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,London. 791 pp.

AntiarrhythmicAntibradykinic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 366.Antispasmodic Iwu, M.M. 1993. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 435 pp.


ASCORBIC-ACID Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (112)

Acidulant FEMA 6,000 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by HenryAldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse

insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95Analgesic 5-10 g/dayAngiotensin-Receptor-BlockerAntiAGE 2,000 mg/day Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse

insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95AntiCFS 500-1,000 mgAntiCTS 1,000 mg 3x/dayAntiCrohn's 50-100mg/day/orl/man

Martindale's 29th

AntiLyme 500-2,000 mgAntiRaynaud's 500 mg 1-2x/dayAntiaggregant Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse

insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95Antiaging 400 mg/dayAntiallergicAntialzheimeran 2,000-6,000mg/dayAntiarthritic 0.2-1 g/dayAntiasthmatic 1,000 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.AntiatheroscleroticAntibacterial Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.Anticataract 350 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.Anticataract 400 mg/day Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse

insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95Anticataract 1 g 3x/dayAnticervicaldysplasic 1,000-2,000 mg/dayAnticlimacteric 500-5,000mg/dayAnticold 1-2 g/man/dayAntidecubitic 500mg/man/2x/day

Martindale's 28th

AntidementiaAntidepressant 2,000 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.Antidiabetic Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse

insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95Antidote (Aluminum) Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.Antidote (Cadmium) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.Antidote (Lead) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.Antidote (Paraquat) Martindale's 28thAntieczemic 3.5-5 g/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.Antiedemic 1 g/man/day Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.Antiencephalitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.Antiendometriotic 2,000mg/dayAntifatigue 500-1,000 mgAntifibrotic 1,000-2,000 mgAntigallstone 1,000-3,000mg/dayAntigastriticAntigingiviticAntiglaucomic 2 g/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.Antihangover 1,000 mgAntihemorrhagic 1 g/man/day Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.Antihepatitic 2-6 g/man/day Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.Antihepatotoxic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.Antiherpetic 1-5 g/dayAntihistaminic 2 g/day orlmanAntihypertensiveAntiinfertility 1 g/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.Antiinflammatory Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).Antilepric 1.5 g/man/day Martindale's 28thAntilithic 1,000-3,000 mg/dayAntimaculiticAntimeasles Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.


Antimenopausal 500-5,000mg/dayAntimigraine Martindale's 29thAntimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.AntineuramidaseAntinitrosic 1 g/man/day Martindale's 28thAntiobesity 1 g 3x/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.Antiorchitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.Antiosteoarthritic 1 g 2x/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.Antiosteoporotic 500 mg/dayAntioxidant 100 ppmAntiparkinsonian 1 g 2-3x/dayAntiparotitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.Antiperiodontitic 1 g 2x/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.Antipneumonic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).Antipodriac Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.Antipoliomyelitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.Antipyretic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.Antiradicular Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse

insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95AntiretinoticAntirheumaticAntirhinitic 1,000 mg 3x/dayAntiscorbutic 10 mg/man/day Martindale's 28thAntiseptic MIC=3.3-217mg/ml

Martindale's 28th

Antiseptic 4-8 g/day Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservseinsulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95

Antishingles Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.Antispasmodic 500-5,000mg/dayAntistress 500-1,000 mgAntisyndrome-X 1-4 g/day Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse

insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95Antitumor (Gastric)Antitumor (Lung)AntiulcerAntiviral 1-5 g/dayApoptotic 1-10 mMAsthma-preventive 1,000mg/day/orl

Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).

Beta-Adrenergic ReceptorBlockerBeta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor1.5 g/day/manCalcium-AntagonistCancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.CardioprotectiveCold-preventive 1-2 g/day Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.CollagenicDetoxicantDiuretic 700 mg/man/orlFistula-Preventive Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).Hypocholesterolemic 300-1,000 mg/day

Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.

Hypoglycemic Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservseinsulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95

Hypotensive 1,000mg/man/dayImmunomodulatorImmunostimulant Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse

insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95Interferonogenic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).Lithogenic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.

Mucolytic 1 g/woman/day Martindale's 28thPesticideUricosuric 4 g/man/day Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.Urinary-Acidulant Martindale's 29thVasodilatorVulnerary Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).


AXILLARIN Shoot -- -- Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbookof Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.

Activities (7)

Aldose-Reductase-InhibitorIC80=0.1 uMAldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 10uM

Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses byFlavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.

Antiinflammatory 1/2indomethacin

Planta Medica, 57: A131, 1991.

Antirhinoviral Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 197.Antiviral Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.Cancer-PreventivePesticide

AXILLARIN Plant -- -- *

Activities (7)

Aldose-Reductase-InhibitorIC80=0.1 uMAldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 10uM

Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses byFlavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.

Antiinflammatory 1/2indomethacin


Antirhinoviral Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 197.Antiviral Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.Cancer-PreventivePesticide

AZULENE Plant -- -- *

Activities (10)

Antiallergic Iwu, M.M. 1993. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 435 pp.Antibacterial 500 ppm Valnet, J. 1982. The Practice of Aromatherapy. Translated from the 1980 French Edition by Robin Campbell and Libby Houston. Destiny Books,

New York. 279 pp.Antihistaminic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London.

296pp.Antiinflammatory Pakistan Encyclopedia Planta Medica. 1986.Antipyretic HerbalGram No. 20, page 40.Antiseptic 6-500 Valnet, J. 1982. The Practice of Aromatherapy. Translated from the 1980 French Edition by Robin Campbell and Libby Houston. Destiny Books,

New York. 279 pp.Antispasmodic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London.

296pp.Antiulcer ED50=150(orl)Hepatoregenerative Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London.

296pp.Pesticide

BETA-CARYOPHYLLENE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

BETA-DAMASCENONE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (3)

AntiedemicAntiinflammatoryAntispasmodic cf papaverine

BETA-SITOSTEROL Flower -- -- *


Activities (47)

AndrogenicAngiogenicAnorexic Martindale's 28thAntiadenomic Merck 11th EditionAntiandrogenic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.Antibacterial Recently became Internat. J. Crude Drug Res. 28(1,2,3,4):1990, page 155.Anticancer (Breast) Madhavi, D. L., Bomser, J., Smith, M., Singletary, K. 1998. Isolation of Bioactive Constituents from Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) Fruits

and Cell Cultures. Plant Sci., 131(1): 95-103.Anticancer (Cervix)Anticancer (Lung)Antiedemic IC54=320 mg/kg orlAntiestrogenic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.Antifeedant Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.Antifertility Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.Antigonadotrophic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.Antihyperlipoproteinaemic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor &

Frost, London. 791 pp.AntiinflammatoryAntileukemicAntilymphomicAntimutagenic 250 ug/mlAntiophidic 2.3 mg mus Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 363.Antioxidant IC44=10 uMAntiprogestational Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.Antiprostaglandin 30 mg/day/12wksAntiprostatadenomic Merck 11th EditionAntiprostatitic 10-20 mg 3x/day/orl manAntipyretic Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.Antitumor (Breast) Madhavi, D. L., Bomser, J., Smith, M., Singletary, K. 1998. Isolation of Bioactive Constituents from Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) Fruits

and Cell Cultures. Plant Sci., 131(1): 95-103.Antitumor (Cervix)Antitumor (Lung)Antiviral Abid Ali Khan, M.M., Jain, D.C., Bhakuni, R.S., Zaim, M., and Thakur, R.S. 1991. Occurrence of some antiviral sterols in Artemisia annua.

Plant Science, 75: 161-165, 1991.ApoptoticArtemicide LC50=110 ppm Jung, J.H., Pummangura, S., Chaichantipyuth, c., Patarapanich, C., and McLaughlin, J.L. 1989. Bioactive Constituents of Melodorum

fruticosum. Phytochemistry. 29(5): 1667-1670. 1990.Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.Candidicide Recently became Internat. J. Crude Drug Res. 28(1,2,3,4):1990, page 155.Caspase-8-InducerEstrogenicFebrifuge Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.Gonadotrophic Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.HepatoprotectiveHypocholesterolemic 2-6g/man/day/orl

Martindale's 30th

Hypocholesterolemic 9-3,330mg/man/day/orl

Martindale's 28th

Hypoglycemic Ivorra, M.D., Paya, M., and Villar, A. 1989. A Review of Natural Products and Plants as Potential Antidiabetic Drugs. Journal ofEthnopharmacology, 27: 243-275, 1989.

Hypolipidemic 2-6 g/dayPesticideSpermicide Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.Ubiquiot Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor &

Frost, London. 791 pp.Ulcerogenic 500 mg/kg ipr rat

BETA-SITOSTEROL-GLUCOSIDE Flower -- -- *

BISABOLENE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

BISABOLOL Flower 600.0 5000.0 Tramil

BORNEOL Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.


Activities (35)

(-)-Chronotropic 29ug/ml

Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O),970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

(-)-Inotropic 29 ug/ml Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O),970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

AllelochemicAnalgesicAntiacetylcholine Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London.

296pp.AntibacterialMIC=125-250 ug/mlAntibronchitic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London.

791 pp.AntiescherichicMIC=125 ug/mlAntifeedantAntiinflammatoryAntiotiticAntipyreticAntisalmonellaMIC=125 ug/mlAntispasmodicED50=0.008 mg/mlAntistaphylococcicMIC=250 ug/mlAntiyeast MIC=250ug/mlCNS-Stimulant List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.CNS-Toxic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London.

791 pp.CandidicideMIC=250 ug/mlCholereticFLavor FEMA<1 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by HenryFungicideHepatoprotectiveHerbicide IC50=470mM

Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: RecentAdvances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.

Herbicide IC50=470uM

Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.

Inhalant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London.791 pp.

Insect-RepellentInsectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.Irritant Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp.Myorelaxant Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London.

296pp.Nematicide MLC=1mg/ml

Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.

Perfumery Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London.791 pp.

PesticideSedative Medline (post 1990 searches filed in my computer)Tranquilizer

BORNYL-ACETATE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (12)

(-)-Chronotropic 933nl/ml

Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

(-)-Inotropic 933 nl/ml Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

Antibacterial Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.Antifeedant Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.AntispasmodicED50=0.09 mg/ml

Fitoterapia No.59-1984.

Antiviral Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.Expectorant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London.

791 pp.FLavor FEMA 70-80 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by HenryInsectifuge Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis,

Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.Myorelaxant Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press,

London. 296pp.PesticideSedative


CAFFEIC-ACID Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (102)

Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 4 ug/ml(weak activity)

Ichikawa, K., et al. 1991. Isolation and Structure Determination of Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from Traditional Thai Medicine,and Syntheses of Their Derivatives. Sankyo Kenkyusho Nempo, 43: 99-110.

AllergenicAnalgesicAntiHIV EC50=200 ug/mlAntiLegionellaAntiadenoviral Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 207.Antiaggregant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor

& Frost, London. 791 pp.AntiagingAntiatherogenicAntibacterialAnticancerAnticarcinogenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.AntidepressantAntiedemic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.Antielastase IC50=93 um/lAntielastase IC50=86 ug/ml (475 uM)AntiescherichicAntiflu Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 207.Antigonadotropic Jim Duke's personal files.Antihemolytic 25 uM Ohnishi, M., Morishita, H., Iwahashi, H., Toda, S., Shirataki, Y., Kimura, M., and Kido, R. 1993. Inhibitory Effects of Chlorogenic

Acids on Linoleic Acid Peroxidation and Haemolysis. Phytochemistry. 36(3): 579-583. 1994.Antihepatoadenomic 200 ppm diet orlmusAntihepatotoxicAntiherpetic 50 ug/mlAntiherpetic EC50=>50 ug/mlAntihistaminic

Antihypercholesterolemic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.AntihyperthyroidAntiinflammatoryAntileukemic Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am

J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46.AntileukotrieneAntimelanogenicAntimutagenic Ki Soon Rhee. Oilseed Food Ingredients Used To Minimize Oxidative Flavor Deterioration in Meat Products. Phenolic Compounds

in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.18.Antinitrosaminic Ki Soon Rhee. Oilseed Food Ingredients Used To Minimize Oxidative Flavor Deterioration in Meat Products. Phenolic Compounds

in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.18.AntiophidicAntioxidant 50 uMAntioxidant IC57=30 ppmAntioxidant 1/3 quercetinAntioxidant 30 mMAntioxidant 1.3 x Vit. EAntioxidant 1/2 BHAAntiperoxidant IC50=44 uM Planta Medica, 57: A54, 1991.Antiperoxidant IC35=200 ug/mlAntiperoxidant IC85=100 ug/mlAntiproliferant Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am

J Chin Med, 31(1):37-46.AntiprostaglandinAntiradicular 10 uM Ohnishi, M., Morishita, H., Iwahashi, H., Toda, S., Shirataki, Y., Kimura, M., and Kido, R. 1993. Inhibitory Effects of Chlorogenic

Acids on Linoleic Acid Peroxidation and Haemolysis. Phytochemistry. 36(3): 579-583. 1994.Antiradicular 1/3 quercetinAntiradicular 30 mMAntiradicular IC50=32-35 uMAntisepticAntispasmodic EC50=3.4-15 uM Phytotherapy Research, 4: 73.AntistaphylococcicAntistomatitic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 207.AntisunburnAntithiamin Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, 69.Antithyroid Jim Duke's personal files.Antitumor 200 ppm diet orl musAntitumor (Skin)


Antitumor-Promoter IC42=10 uM Cancer Research, 48: 5941.AntiulcerogenicAntivaccinia Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 207.Antiviral IC50=62.5 ug/mlAnxiolyticCNS-Active Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393

pp.COX-2-Inhibitor IC32=100 uMCalcium-Antagonist IC50=1.2 uM rbtCancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.Carcinogenic 2% (diet)ChemopreventiveCholagogue Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393

pp.Choleretic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden,

the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.Clastogenic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor

& Frost, London. 791 pp.Co-carcinogenicCollagen-SparingCytoprotective Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The

Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.Cytotoxic TC50=200 ug/mlDNA-Active Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor

& Frost, London. 791 pp.DNA-ProtectiveDiuretic Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393

pp.Fungicide MIC=0.4 mg/mlHepatocarcinogenic 400 ppm diet orlmus (in the absence of alcohol)Hepatoprotective Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific

Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 210.HepatotropicHistamine-InhibitorImmunostimulantInsectifuge Tunon, H., Thorsell, W., and Bohlin, L. 1993. Mosquito Repelling Activity of Compounds Occurring in Achillea millefolium L.

(Asteraceae). Economic Botany 48(2): 111-120, 1994.Leukotriene-InhibitorLipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC27=5 mM Oszmianski, J. and Lee, C.Y. 1990. Inhibitory Effect of Phenolics on Carotene Bleaching in Vegetables. J. Agric. Food Chem. 38:

688-690.Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC50=62-148 uMLyase-Inhibitor IC50=94-164 uMMetal-Chelator McEvily, A.J., Iyengar, R., and Gross, A.T. Inhibition of Polyphenol Oxidase by Phenolic Compounds. Phenolic Compounds in Food

and Their Effects on Health, Ch.25.Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor Hagerman, A.E. Tannin-Protein Interactions. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.19.PesticideProoxidantProstaglandigenicSedative 500 mgSunscreen IC50=2.5 mg/l Lazarova*, G., Kostova, I., Neychev, H. 1992. Photodynamic damage prevention by some hydroxycoumarins. Fitoterapia 64(2):

134-136, 1993.Sunscreen IC91=5 mg/l Lazarova*, G., Kostova, I., Neychev, H. 1992. Photodynamic damage prevention by some hydroxycoumarins. Fitoterapia 64(2):

134-136, 1993.Sunscreen IC98=25 mg/l Lazarova*, G., Kostova, I., Neychev, H. 1992. Photodynamic damage prevention by some hydroxycoumarins. Fitoterapia 64(2):

134-136, 1993.Tumorigenic Jim Duke's personal files.VulneraryXanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor IC50=39.21uM

Mills, Simon and Bone, Kerry. 2000. Phytotherapy. Churchill Livinston, Edinburgh.

CALAMENE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

CAPRIC-ACID Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (3)

FungicideIrritantPesticide

CAPRYLIC-ACID Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.


Activities (5)

AntisepticCandidicide 300 mg/man/12 x/dayFungicideIrritantPesticide

CARYOPHYLLENEPOXIDE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

CATECHIN-TANNINS Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

CHAMAVIOLIN Flower -- -- Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. BocaRaton, FL. 566 pp.

CHAMAZULENE Flower 530.0 13200.0 *

Activities (10)

AnalgesicAntiallergic Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Mar-91.Antiinflammatory Merck 11th EditionAntileukotriene Mills, Simon and Bone, Kerry. 2000. Phytotherapy. Churchill Livinston, Edinburgh.AntioxidantAntipyretic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791

pp.Antiseptic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co.,

Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.AntispasmodicPesticideVulnerary

CHAMAZULENE Plant -- -- *

Activities (10)

AnalgesicAntiallergic Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Mar-91.Antiinflammatory Merck 11th EditionAntileukotriene Mills, Simon and Bone, Kerry. 2000. Phytotherapy. Churchill Livinston, Edinburgh.AntioxidantAntipyretic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791

pp.Antiseptic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co.,

Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.AntispasmodicPesticideVulnerary

CHAMOMILLA-ESTER-I Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

CHAMOMILLA-ESTER-II Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

CHAMOMILLOL Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

CHLOROGENIC-ACID Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (77)

Aldose-Reductase-InhibitorIC50=1.8 uM rat (strongactivity)

Yoshikawa, M., et al. 1999. Medicinal Flowers. I. Aldose Reductase Inhibitors and Three New Eudesmane-Type Sesquiterpenes, KikkanolsA, B, and C, From the Flowers of Chrysanthemum inducum L. Chem Pharm Bull, 47(3): 340-345.

AllelochemicAllergenicAnalgesicAntiEBV Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.AntiHIV Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.AntiLegionellaAntiatheroscleroticAntibacterial

Anticancer (Colon)


Anticancer (Forestomach)Anticancer (Liver)Anticancer (Skin)AnticarcinogenicAntidiabeticAntifeedantAntigenotoxicAntigonadotropic Jim Duke's personal files.Antihemolytic 10 uM Ohnishi, M., Morishita, H., Iwahashi, H., Toda, S., Shirataki, Y., Kimura, M., and Kido, R. 1993. Inhibitory Effects of Chlorogenic Acids on

Linoleic Acid Peroxidation and Haemolysis. Phytochemistry. 36(3): 579-583. 1994.AntihepatotoxicAntiherpetic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 194.AntihistaminicAntihypercholesterolemic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.AntihyperthyroidAntiinflammatory Hagerman, A.E. Tannin-Protein Interactions. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.19.AntileukotrieneAntimelanogenicAntimutagenicAntinitrosaminicAntioxidant IC53=200 ppm Huang, M-T., and Ferraro, T. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Cancer Prevention. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on

Health, Ch.2 p.21.Antioxidant IC80=12 uMAntioxidant IC50=54.2 uMAntiperoxidant IC50=36 uM Planta Medica, 57: A54, 1991.Antipolio Jim Duke's personal files.Antiradicular 10 uM Ohnishi, M., Morishita, H., Iwahashi, H., Toda, S., Shirataki, Y., Kimura, M., and Kido, R. 1993. Inhibitory Effects of Chlorogenic Acids on

Linoleic Acid Peroxidation and Haemolysis. Phytochemistry. 36(3): 579-583. 1994.Antiradicular 9 x quercetinAntisepticAntisunburnAntithyroid Jim Duke's personal files.Antitumor Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.Antitumor (Colon)Antitumor (Forestomach)Antitumor (Liver)Antitumor (Skin)Antitumor-Promoter IC25=10uMAntiulcer Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.Antiviral Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart.AutotoxicCNS-Active Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp.CNS-Stimulant 1/6 CaffeineCancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.CardioprotectiveChemopreventiveCholagogue Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp.Choleretic Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.Clastogenic Friedman, M. and Dao, L. 1990. Effect of Autoclaving and Conventional and Microwave Baking on the Ergot Alkaloid and Chlorogenic

Acid Contents of Morning Glory (Ipomoea tricolor Cav. cv.) Heavenly Blue Seeds. J. Agric. Food Chem. 38: 805-808.Collagen-SparingDiureticFungicide Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.Hepatoprotective Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.Histamine-InhibitorHypoglycemicImmunostimulantInsectifuge Tunon, H., Thorsell, W., and Bohlin, L. 1993. Mosquito Repelling Activity of Compounds Occurring in Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae).

Economic Botany 48(2): 111-120, 1994.Interferonogenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 1: 124.Juvabional Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.Larvistat Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.Leukotriene-InhibitorLipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC23=5mM

Oszmianski, J. and Lee, C.Y. 1990. Inhibitory Effect of Phenolics on Carotene Bleaching in Vegetables. J. Agric. Food Chem. 38: 688-690.

Metal-Chelator McEvily, A.J., Iyengar, R., and Gross, A.T. Inhibition of Polyphenol Oxidase by Phenolic Compounds. Phenolic Compounds in Food andTheir Effects on Health, Ch.25.

NO-Genic


Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor

Hagerman, A.E. Tannin-Protein Interactions. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.19.

Oviposition-Stimulant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,London. 791 pp.

PesticideSunscreenSweetener Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.Vulnerary

CHOLINE Flower 3400.0 3800.0 0.95 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.

Activities (20)

Antialzheimeran 5-16 g/man/dayAntichoreic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.Anticirrhotic 6,000 mg/man/dayAnticystinuricAntidementiaAntidiabeticAntidyskinetic 150-200 mg/kg/man/day Martindale's 28thAntihomocysteineAntimanic 15-30 g/man/day/orl Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington

(Looseleaf).AntinociceptiveAntisteatoticCardiodepressantCerebrotonicCholinergic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The

Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.HepatoprotectiveHypotensiveIleorelaxantLipotropicMemorigenicParasympathomimetic (1/1,000thacetylcholine)

Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.

CHRYSOERIOL Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (7)

Aldose-Reductase-InhibitorIC31=10 uM

Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens AldoseReductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.

AnticomplementaryAntimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.AntioxidantAntirhinoviral Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 197.Antiviral Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 197.Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.

CHRYSOERIOL-7-GLUCOSIDE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

CHRYSOERIOL-7-RUTINOSIDE Flower -- -- Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbookof Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.

CHRYSOSPLENETIN Plant -- -- Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbookof Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.

Activities (8)

Antimalarial IC50=23 uMAntiplasmodial IC50=23uMAntitumorAntiviral Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.Parasiticide IC50=23 uMPesticidePlasmodicide IC50=23uMProtisticide IC50=23 uM


CHRYSOSPLENOL Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (3)

Aldose-Reductase-InhibitorIC28=10 uM


AntiinflammatoryAntispasmodic HerbalGram No. 20, page 40.

CHRYSOSPLENTIN Plant -- -- *

CIS-CARYOPHYLLENE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

CIS-EN-YN-DICYCLOETHER Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

CIS-SPIROETHER Plant -- -- Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide forHealth-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.

Activities (3)

Antiedemic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London.296pp.

Antiinflammatory Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London.296pp.

Myorelaxant Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London.296pp.

D-GLUCOSAMINE Flower -- -- Gianits, L, Kocurik, S. 1979. Saccharides of the Flowers of Chamomile (Matricariachamomilla). Farm Obz, 482: 63-67.

Activities (3)

Antiflu Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart.Antiherpetic Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart.Antiviral Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart.

DESACETYLMATRICARIN Flower -- -- Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. BocaRaton, FL. 566 pp.

Activities (1)

Allergenic

EO Flower 2400.0 20000.0 0.24 *

EPSILON-1-(2,6-DIMETHYLPHENYL)-2-BUTEN-1-ONE


ETHYL-BENZOATE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (1)

FLavor FEMA 2-60 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry

ETHYL-DECANOATE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

ETHYL-PALMITATE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (1)


ETHYL-PHENYLACETATE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (1)


EUPALETIN Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.


EUPATOLETIN Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

FARNESENE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (2)

PesticidePheromone Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.

FARNESOL Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (17)

AllergenicAntiadenomicAnticancer (Pancreas) IC50=39 uMAnticarcinomic (Colon)Anticarcinomic (Lung)AntileukemicAntimelanomic IC50=50 uM/lAntispasmodicApoptoticFLavor FEMA 0.1-3 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by HenryJuvabional Russell, G. B., Phytochemical resources for crop protection, N. Z. J. Technol., 2, 1986, 127-134.Nematicide MLC=100 ug/ml Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.

Perfumery Merck 11th EditionPesticidePheromonalSedativeTrichomonicide LD100=100 ug/ml

FRUCTOSE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (8)

Antialcoholic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London.791 pp.

Antidiabetic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London.791 pp.

AntihangoverAntiketotic Merck 11th EditionAntinauseant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London.

791 pp.LaxativeNeoplastic CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate AnalysesSweetener 2 xglucose

Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London.791 pp.

FURFURAL Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (6)

Antiseptic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.FLavor FEMA 1-30

Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry

FungicideInsecticideIrritant Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London.

296pp.Pesticide

GALACTOSE Flower -- 150000.0 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.

Activities (1)

Sweetener 0.32 x sucrose Martindale's 28th

GALACTOSE Plant -- -- *


Activities (1)

Sweetener 0.32 x sucrose Martindale's 28th

GALACTURONIC-ACID Flower -- 750000.0 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.

GALLIC-ACID-TANNIN Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

GENTISIC-ACID Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (8)

Analgesic Merck 11th EditionAntibacterial Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London.

791 pp.Antifeedant

Antiinflammatory Merck 11th EditionAntioxidant 1/3BHAAntirheumatic Grenand, P., Moretti, C., and Jacquemin, H. 1987. Pharmacopees Traditionnelles en Guyane. l'ORSTROM, Paris. 569 pp.Antiviral Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London.

791 pp.Pesticide

GERANIOL Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.


Activities (35)

AllergenicAnthelmintic Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938

Madaus.AntibacterialMIC=400 ug/ml

Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. FoodChem. 41: 1102-1105.

Antibacterial MIC=64ug/mlAntibacterialMBC=800 ug/mlAnticancer(Pancreas) IC50=265uMAnticariogenicMIC=400 ug/ml

Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. FoodChem. 41: 1102-1105.

AntimelanomicIC50=150 uM/lAntisalmonellaMIC=400 ug/mlAntiseptic 7 x phenol Wagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)Antiseptic MIC=64ug/mlAntiseptic 400-800ug/mlAntispasmodic Buchbauer, G., Jirovetz*, L., Nikiforov, A., Remberg, G., Raverdino, V. 1989. Headspace-Analysis and Aroma Compounds of Austrian Hay-Blossoms

(Flores Graminis, Graminis Flos) used in Aromatherapy. J. Ess. Oil Res., 2: 185-191, 1990.AntitubercularMIC=64 ug/mlAntitumor Yu, S.G., Anderson, P.J., and Elson, C.E. 1995. Efficacy of B-Ionone in the Chemoprevention of Rat Mammary Carcinogenesis. J. Agric. Food Chem.

43: 2144-2147.Antitumor (Pancreas)IC50=265 uMAscaricide Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938

Madaus.CNS-Stimulant List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.CandidicideEmbryotoxicEmetic 3 x ipecac Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Sep-97.Expectorant Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938

Madaus.FLavor FEMA 1-10 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by HenryFungicide IC93=2mM


Herbicide IC100-2,000 uM

Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.

Insectifuge 50 ppmInsectiphile Merck 11th EditionMycobactericideMIC=64 ug/mlNematicideIC86=100 ug/ml

Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.

NematicideMLC=1,000 ug/ml

Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.

Perfumery Merck 11th EditionPesticideSedative

TrichomonicideLD100=300 ug/ml

GLUCOSE Flower -- 70000.0 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.

Activities (7)

AcetylcholinergicAntiedemic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791

pp.Antihepatotoxic Merck 11th EditionAntiketotic Merck 11th EditionAntivaricose Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791

pp.Hyperglycemic Merck 11th EditionMemory-Enhancer

Science News, 138: 189, 1990.

GUAIAZULENE Flower -- -- Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbookof Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.


Activities (6)

Antiallergic Martindale's 29thAntiinflammatory Wagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)Antileprotic Martindale's 29thAntipepticAntipyretic Martindale's 29thAntiulcer Yanagisawa, T., Kosakai, K., Tomiyama, T., Yasunami, M., and Takase, K. 1990. Studies on Anti-ulcer Agents. II. Synthesis and Anti-ulcer Activities of 6-

Isopropylazulene-1-sodium Sulfonate Derivatives. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(12): 3355-3358, 1990.

HERNIARIN Plant -- -- *

Activities (12)

Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor10 ug/ml cow (weak activity)

Okada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin andFlavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387

Allergenic Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.Antiallergic Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Mar-91.Antibacterial 100 ppmAntispasmodicAntistaphylococcicCandidicide 100 ppmCholagogue Fitoterapia No.5-1986.Fungicide 100 ppmHepatoprotective Yakhak Hoeji, 37: 182, 1993.PesticidePhotoactive

HERNIARIN Flower 320.0 915.0 *

Activities (12)

Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor10 ug/ml cow (weak activity)


Allergenic Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.Antiallergic Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Mar-91.Antibacterial 100 ppmAntispasmodicAntistaphylococcicCandidicide 100 ppmCholagogue Fitoterapia No.5-1986.Fungicide 100 ppmHepatoprotective Yakhak Hoeji, 37: 182, 1993.PesticidePhotoactive

HYPEROSIDE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.


Activities (30)

Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,London. 791 pp.

AnalgesicAntiagingAntibacterial MIC=250-500ug/ml


AnticancerAnticapillary-Fragility Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY.

665 pp.AntidermatiticAntielastase IC50=0.15ug/mlAntiflu Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980.Antihepatotoxic Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY.

665 pp.Antiinflammatory 1/4indomethacin


AntiischemicAntinociceptiveAntioxidant IC50=4.6 uMAntiradicularAntitussiveAntiviralAntiwrinkleCalcium-AntagonistCancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.Capillarifortificant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.Capillarigenic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.Cyclooxygenase-Activator100 uM

Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993(E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

DiureticHepatoprotective IC80=30ug/ml

Mayumi Ito (nee Someya), et al. 1990. Hepatoprotective Compounds from Canarium album and Euphorbia nematocypha. Chem. Pharm. Bull.38(8): 2201-2203, 1990.

Hypotensive ivn dogPesticideTissue-Thromboplastin-Inhibitor IC50=20.8 uMXanthine-Oxidase-InhibitorcAMP-Inhibitor IC50=0.14mg/ml

Schussler, M., Fricke, U., Nikolov, N., and Holzl, J. 1991. Comparison of the Flavonoids Occurring in Crataegus species and Inhibition of 3',5'-Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Phosphodiesterase. Plant Medica 57: Suppl Issue 2. p.A-133.

ISOFERULIC-ACID Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (4)

AntiedemicAntiinflammatoryAntioxidantIC50=189-193 uMHypothermic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel

Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.

ISORHAMNETIN Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.


Activities (11)

AntibacterialAntihistaminic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co.,

Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.Antiinflammatory Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co.,

Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.Antioxidant Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co.,

Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.Antispasmodic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co.,

Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.Cancer-Preventive

Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.

Hepatoprotective Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co.,Philadelphia Pa., page 210.

MAO-InhibitorPesticideQuinone-Reductase-Inducer

Yannai, S., Day, A. J., Williamson, G., Rhodes, M. J. C. 1998. Characterization of Flavonoids as Monofunctional or Bifunctional Inducers of QuinoneReductase in Murine Hepatoma Cell Lines. Food Chem Toxicol, 36(8): 623-630.

Vasodilator

ISORHAMNETIN-7-GLUCOSIDE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

JACEIDIN Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (2)

AntiinflammatoryAntispasmodic HerbalGram No. 20, page 40.

KAEMPFEROL Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (75)

11B-HSD-Inhibitor5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC50 (uM)=20Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 uM

Oliveira, T. T., Nagem, T. J., Miranda, L. C. G., Paula, V. F., Teixeira, M. A. 1997. Inhibitory Action on Aldose Reductase by Soybean Flavonoids. JBraz Chem Soc, 8(3): 211-213.

Antiaflatoxin IC50=8.73uMAntiaflatoxin IC50=3.28ppmAntiaggregant 30 uMAntiallergicAntibacterial 20 ug/mlAnticancerAntifertility 250mg/kg/day/60 days/orlrat

Kumar, P., Dixit*, V.P., and Khanna, P. Antifertility Studies of Kaempferol: Isolation and Identification from Tissue Culture of some MedicinallyImportant Plant Species. Plantes medicinales et phytotherapie, 23: 193-201, 1989.

Antigingivitic 20 ug/mlAntiherpetic 23-92ug/ml

Amoros, M., Simoes, C.M.O., Girre, L., et al. Synergistic Effect Of Flavones And Flavonols Against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 In Cell Culture.Comparison With The Antiviral Activity Of Propolis. J. of Natural Products 55(12):1732-1740, 1992.

Antihistaminic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. DanielCo., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.

AntiimplantationAntiinflammatory 20mg/kgAntiinflammatory 200mg/kg ipr ratAntileukemic IC50=3.1ug/ml

Life Sciences 55: 1061.

Antilymphocytic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,London. 791 pp.

AntimutagenicID50=10-40 nM

Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health. Antioxidants & Cancer Prevention. Huang, M.T., Ho, C.T. and Lee, C.Y. eds. 1992. ACSSymposium Series 507.ACS, Washington 402 pp.

Antioxidant IC50=40 uMAntioxidant 3/4quercetinAntioxidant IC50=1.2ug/mlAntiperiodontic 20ug/mlAntiplaque 20 ug/mlAntiradicular 7 xquercetinAntiseptic 20 ug/mlAntiserotonin 200mg/kg ipr rat


Antispasmodic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. DanielCo., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.

AntistaphylococcicAntitumorAntitumor-Promoter Yasukawa, K., Takido, M., Takeuchi, M., Sato, Y., Nitta, K., and Nakagawa, S. 1989. Inhibitory Effects of Flavonol Glycosides on 12-O-

Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-Induced Tumor Promotion. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(3): 774-776, 1990.Antiulcer 50-200 mg/kgipr ratAntiviral 23-92 ug/mlApoptotic 60 uMAromatase-InhibitorIC12=1 uM/l


COX-2-InhibitorCancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.Carcinogenic Hutchings, A, Scott, AH, Lewis, G, and Cunningham, A. 1996. Zulu Medicinal Plants. An inventory. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg.

450 pp.Choleretic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.Copper-ChelatorCyclooxygenase-Inhibitor IC50 (uM) =20CytotoxicDiaphoretic? Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Dec-90.DiureticEstrogenic EC50=0.1-25uM/l


Estrogenic EC50=0.56uMFungicide 20 ug/ml Father Nature's Farmacy: The aggregate of all these three-letter citations.HIV-RT-InhibitorIC50=50-150 ug/ml

Garcia, J., Morin,* C., Nyasse, B., Sondengam, B-L., Tchouankeu, J-C., and Tsamo, E. Complete Structural Assignments Of An ErgosterolDerivative From Entandrophragma utile. Journal of Natural Products, 54(1): 136-142, 1991.

HepatoprotectiveIC50=5.46 uMHepatoprotectiveIC50=1.30 ppmHypotensiveICAM-1-InhibitorInotropicIodothyronine-Deiodinase-Inhibitor


JNK-InhibitorLipoxygenase-Inhibitor Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.MAO-InhibitorMutagenicNO-Inhibitor IC50=13.9uMNatriureticNeuroprotectivePAF-InhibitorPesticideProtisticide Meckes, M., Calzada, F., Tapia-Contreras, A., Cedillo-Rivera, R. 1999. Antiprotozoal Properties of Helianthemum glomeratum. Phytotherapy

Research, 13(2): 102-105.Quinone-Reductase-Inducer 3 uMTNF-alpha-InhibitorIC50=3.99 uMTeratologicTopoisomerase-I-Inhibitor

Santti, R., Makela, S., Strauss, L., Korman, J., Kostian, M. L. 1998. Phytoestrogens: Potential Endocrine Disruptors in Males. Toxicol Ind Health, 14:223-237.

Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor IC50=8.1 ug/ml

Constantinou, A., Mehta, R., Runyan, C., Rao, K., Vaughan, A., Moon, R. 1995. Flavonoids as DNA Topoisomerase Antagonists and Poisons:Structure-Activity Relationships. J Natural Products, 58: 217-225.

Tyrosinase-InhibitorID50=230 uMUterotrophic EC50=0.1-25 uM/l


VasodilatorcAMP-Phosphodiesterase-InhibitoriNOS-Inhibitor IC50=<15 uMiNOS-InhibitorIC50=13.9 uM

LEVONENOL Flower -- -- Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. BocaRaton, FL. 566 pp.

LINOLEIC-ACID Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.


Activities (27)

5-Alpha-Reductase-InhibitorAntiMS Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.AntiacneAntialopecicAntianaphylactic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.AntiandrogenicAntiarterioscleroticAntiarthritic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.Anticoronary Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.Antieczemic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.Antifibrinolytic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 1: 53.AntigranularAntihistaminic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.Antiinflammatory IC50=31uMAntileukotriene-D4 IC50=31uMAntimenorrhagic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).Antiprostatitic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.Carcinogenic Science News, 146: 421.ComedolyticHepatoprotectiveHypocholesterolemic Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.)Immunomodulator Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.Metastatic Science News, 146: 421.Nematicide Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.Propecic

LUTEOLIN Plant -- -- *

Activities (78)

Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor EC=3 ppm

Shin*, K.H., Chung, M.S., Chae, Y.J., Yoon, K.Y., Cho, T.S. 1992. A survey for aldose reductase inhibition of herbal medicines. Fitoterapia 64(2):130, 1993.

Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor IC50=0.45 uMratAntiHIVAntiallergicAntiangiogenic IC60-75=10 uMAntiatherogenicAntibacterial MIC=500ug/ml


AnticarcinogenicAnticarcinomic Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med,

31(1):37-46.Anticataract EC=3 ppm Shin*, K.H., Chung, M.S., Chae, Y.J., Yoon, K.Y., Cho, T.S. 1992. A survey for aldose reductase inhibition of herbal medicines. Fitoterapia 64(2):

130, 1993.AnticomplementaryAntidermatic Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.AntiestrogenicAntifeedant IC52=<1,000ppm diet


Antiherpetic 11-23 ug/mlAntihistaminic <10-15 uMAntiinflammatory #NAME? Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp.Antileukemic 20-50 uMAntilymphomic Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med,

31(1):37-46.Antimelanomic Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med,

31(1):37-46.Antimutagenic ID50=2-5nMAntimutagenic ID50=0.44ug/mlAntinociceptiveAntioxidant IC50=10 uMAntipolio Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 197.Antiproliferant


Antispasmodic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W.Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.

Antitumor 1-50 uMAntitumor (Colon) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med,

31(1):37-46.Antitumor (Kidney) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med,

31(1):37-46.Antitumor (Lung) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med,

31(1):37-46.Antitumor (Ovary) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med,

31(1):37-46.Antitumor (Pancreas) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med,

31(1):37-46.Antitumor (Skin) 20 uMAntitumor (Stomach) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med,

31(1):37-46.Antitumor (Thyroid) 12-50uMAntitumor (brain) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med,

31(1):37-46.AntitussiveAntiviral 11-23 ug/mlAphidifugeApoptotic 12-50 uMAromatase-InhibitorIC35=1 uM/l


Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor IC50=~40 uMCalcium-AntagonistIC50=1.2 uM rbtCancer-PreventiveChemopreventiveCholereticCytotoxic 1-50 uMDeiodinase-Inhibitor Jim Duke's personal files.Differentiator IC>40=40uMDiuretic Jim Duke's personal files.Estrogenic 58% genisteinHepatoprotectiveHyaluronidase-InhibitorIC50+=100-250 uMHypocholesterolemicICAM-1-InhibitorIKK-InhibitorIodothyronine-Deiodinase-Inhibitor


Lipoxygenase-InhibitorMAPK-InhibitorMMP-9-Inhibitor 20 uMMetalloproteinase-InhibitorMyorelaxantNEP-Inhibitor IC50=>42uMNF-kB-InhibitorNO-InhibitorPTK-Inhibitor 10-100 uMPesticideProliferantProstaglandin-Synthetase-InhibitorProtein-Kinase-C-InhibitorIC70=50 uMSuccinoxidase-Inhibitor Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.TNF-alpha-InhibitorIC50=14.44 uMTopoisomerase-I-Inhibitor Santti, R., Makela, S., Strauss, L., Korman, J., Kostian, M. L. 1998. Phytoestrogens: Potential Endocrine Disruptors in Males. Toxicol Ind Health,

14: 223-237.VEGF-Inhibitor IC50=2-7uMVasodilatorXanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor IC50=0.11 ug/ml

Chem. & Pharm. Bull. 38: 1772.

iNOS-Inhibitor

LUTEOLIN Flower -- -- *


Activities (78)

Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor EC=3 ppm

Shin*, K.H., Chung, M.S., Chae, Y.J., Yoon, K.Y., Cho, T.S. 1992. A survey for aldose reductase inhibition of herbal medicines. Fitoterapia 64(2):130, 1993.

Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor IC50=0.45 uMratAntiHIVAntiallergicAntiangiogenic IC60-75=10 uMAntiatherogenicAntibacterial MIC=500ug/ml


AnticarcinogenicAnticarcinomic Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med,

31(1):37-46.Anticataract EC=3 ppm Shin*, K.H., Chung, M.S., Chae, Y.J., Yoon, K.Y., Cho, T.S. 1992. A survey for aldose reductase inhibition of herbal medicines. Fitoterapia 64(2):

130, 1993.AnticomplementaryAntidermatic Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.AntiestrogenicAntifeedant IC52=<1,000ppm diet


Antiherpetic 11-23 ug/mlAntihistaminic <10-15 uMAntiinflammatory #NAME? Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp.Antileukemic 20-50 uMAntilymphomic Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med,

31(1):37-46.Antimelanomic Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med,

31(1):37-46.Antimutagenic ID50=2-5nMAntimutagenic ID50=0.44ug/mlAntinociceptiveAntioxidant IC50=10 uMAntipolio Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 197.AntiproliferantAntispasmodic Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W.

Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.Antitumor 1-50 uMAntitumor (Colon) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med,



31(1):37-46.Antitumor (Ovary) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med,


31(1):37-46.Antitumor (Skin) 20 uMAntitumor (Stomach) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med,

31(1):37-46.Antitumor (Thyroid) 12-50uMAntitumor (brain) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med,

31(1):37-46.AntitussiveAntiviral 11-23 ug/mlAphidifugeApoptotic 12-50 uMAromatase-InhibitorIC35=1 uM/l


Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor IC50=~40 uMCalcium-AntagonistIC50=1.2 uM rbtCancer-PreventiveChemopreventiveCholereticCytotoxic 1-50 uMDeiodinase-Inhibitor Jim Duke's personal files.Differentiator IC>40=40uMDiuretic Jim Duke's personal files.Estrogenic 58% genistein


HepatoprotectiveHyaluronidase-InhibitorIC50+=100-250 uMHypocholesterolemicICAM-1-InhibitorIKK-InhibitorIodothyronine-Deiodinase-Inhibitor


Lipoxygenase-InhibitorMAPK-InhibitorMMP-9-Inhibitor 20 uMMetalloproteinase-InhibitorMyorelaxantNEP-Inhibitor IC50=>42uMNF-kB-InhibitorNO-InhibitorPTK-Inhibitor 10-100 uMPesticideProliferantProstaglandin-Synthetase-InhibitorProtein-Kinase-C-InhibitorIC70=50 uMSuccinoxidase-Inhibitor Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.TNF-alpha-InhibitorIC50=14.44 uMTopoisomerase-I-Inhibitor Santti, R., Makela, S., Strauss, L., Korman, J., Kostian, M. L. 1998. Phytoestrogens: Potential Endocrine Disruptors in Males. Toxicol Ind Health,

14: 223-237.VEGF-Inhibitor IC50=2-7uMVasodilatorXanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor IC50=0.11 ug/ml


iNOS-Inhibitor

LUTEOLIN-4'-GLUCOSIDE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (1)

Antiarrhythmic Jim Duke's personal files.

LUTEOLIN-7-GLUCOSIDE Plant -- -- *

Activities (7)

Aldose-Reductase-InhibitorIC73=10 uMAldose-Reductase-InhibitorIC31=1 uM


Antidermatic Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.Antiherpetic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 204.Antiinflammatory Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.Antiviral Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 204.Pesticide

LUTEOLIN-7-O-GLUCOSIDE Flower -- -- Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. BocaRaton, FL. 566 pp.

Activities (2)

AnticomplementaryAntihyperthyroid

LUTEOLIN-7-RHAMNOGLUCOSIDE

Plant -- -- *

MALIC-ACID Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.


Activities (15)

AntiatheroscleroticAntibacterialAntifibromyalgic 300 mg 3x/dayAntioxidant Synergist Merck 11th EditionAntiseborrheicAntiseptic Martindale's 29thAntitubercularAntitumor Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.BacteristatBruchiphobe Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.HemopoieticLaxative? Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Sep-91.MycobactericidePesticideSialogogue Martindale's 29th

MATRICARIN Flower -- -- *

MATRICARIN Plant -- -- *

MATRICIN Plant -- -- *

MUCILAGE Flower -- 100000.0 0.84 List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.

Activities (3)

Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.DemulcentHypocholesterolemic

NIACIN Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.


Activities (39)

Allergenic Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.AntiLyme 50 mg/dayAntiMeniere's Duke, J. A. Writeups or information summaries on approximately 2,000 economic plants, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705.AntiRaynaud's 1,500-4,000mg/dayAntiacrodynicAntiallergic 50 mg/2x/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.AntialzheimeranAntiamblyopicAntianginalAnticataractAntichilblain Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor &

Frost, London. 791 pp.Anticonvulsant 3 g/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.AntidementiaAntidermatitic Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.AntidiabeticAntidysphagicAntiepileptic 3 g/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.Antihangover 50 mgAntihistaminic 50 mg 2x/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.Antihyperactivity 1.5-6 g/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.Antiinsomnic 1 g/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.AntineuralgicAntiparkinsonian 100 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.Antipellagric Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.AntiscotomicAntispasmodic 100 mg 2x/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.AntivertigoCancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.CardioprotectiveCirculotonicFibrinolyticHepatoprotectiveHepatotoxicHypocholesterolemic 50-100 mg3x/dayHypoglycemicHypolipidemicSedative Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington

(Looseleaf).Serotoninergic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington

(Looseleaf).Vasodilator Martindale's 29th

O-COUMARIC-ACID Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (4)

AllelopathicAntibacterial Pharmazie, 46: 156, 1991.Fungicide Pharmazie, 46: 156, 1991.Pesticide

OLEANOLIC-ACID Flower -- -- *

Activities (64)

AbortifacientAntiHIV IC50=21.8 ug/mlAntiHIV EC50=1.7 ug/ml Kashiwada, Y., et. al. 1998. Anti-AIDS Agents. 30. Anti-HIV Activity of Oleanolic Acid, Pomolic Acid, and Structurally Related Triterpenoids. J.

Nat. Prod., 61 (9): 1090-1095.AntiPGE2 IC50=24 uMAntiTGF-beta IC50=19-24uMAntiallergicAntiarrhythmic 40 mg/kgAntiatheroscleroticAntibacterial MIC=625-1,250 ug/ml


Anticarcinomic Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med,31(1):37-46.

Anticariogenic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.Anticomplement IC40-500.01 mM/l gpg


Anticomplement IC80-900.05 mM/l gpg


Antiedemic IC36=40mg/kg ipr rat

AntifertilityAntigingivitic MIC=625-1,250 ug/mlAntihepatotoxicAntihyperlipidemicAntiinflammatory 40mg/kg ipr

Aquino, R., De Feo, V., De Simone, F., Pizza, C.*, and Cirino, G. Plant Metabolites. New Compounds And Anti-Inflammatory Activity Of Uncariatomentosa. Journal of Natural Products, 54(2): 453-459, 1991.

Antiischemic 40 mg/kgAntileukemic Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med,

31(1):37-46.Antileukotriene IC50=17uMAntimalarial IC50=70-89ug/mlAntinephritic IC50=19-24uMAntioxidant Balanehru, S. and Nagarajan, B. 1992. Intervention of Adriamycin Induced Free Radical Damage. Biochemistry International 28(4): 735-744,

1992.Antioxidant IC46=10 uMAntiperiodontic MIC=625-1,250 ug/mlAntiperoxidant IC30=200ug/mlAntiplaque MIC=625-1,250ug/mlAntiplasmodial IC50=70-89 ug/mlAntisarcomicAntiseptic MIC=625-1,250ug/mlAntitumorAntitumor (Breast) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med,

31(1):37-46.Antitumor (Colon) Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin Med,




31(1):37-46.Antiulcer >carbenoxoloneAntiviral EC50=1.7 ug/ml Kashiwada, Y., et. al. 1998. Anti-AIDS Agents. 30. Anti-HIV Activity of Oleanolic Acid, Pomolic Acid, and Structurally Related Triterpenoids. J.

Nat. Prod., 61 (9): 1090-1095.Antiviral IC50=21.8 ug/ml Kashiwada, Y., et. al. 1998. Anti-AIDS Agents. 30. Anti-HIV Activity of Oleanolic Acid, Pomolic Acid, and Structurally Related Triterpenoids. J.

Nat. Prod., 61 (9): 1090-1095.Aromatase-InhibitorBeta-BlockerBeta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor ~100 mg/kgCOX-2-Inhibitor IC50=295uM/COX-2-Inhibitor Ringbom, T., Seguar, L., Noreen, Y., Perera, P., Bohlin, L. 1998. Ursolic Acid from Plantago major, a Selective Inhibitor of Cyclooxygenase-2

Catalyzed Prostaglandin Biosynthesis. J. Nat. Prod., 61(10): 1212-1215.Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.Cardioprotective 40 mg/kgCardiotonicCyclooxygenase-InhibitorDiuretic Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.Elastase-InhibitorIC50=~15 uMHepatoprotective Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing

Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 211.HypolipemicHypotensiveImmunomodulatorLeucocytogenic

NF-kB-InhibitorPhagocytoticPiscicide ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor igs mus


SedativeUterotonicVasopressor

OLEIC-ACID Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (18)

5-Alpha-Reductase-InhibitorAllergenicAlpha-Reductase-InhibitorAnemiagenicAntialopecicAntiandrogenicAntiinflammatoryIC50=21 uMAntileukotriene-D4IC50=21 uMCancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.Choleretic 5 ml/manDermatitigenicFLavor FEMA 1-30 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by HenryHypocholesterolemic Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.)Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.Irritant Merck 11th EditionPercutaneostimulant Seki, T., Toeda, C., Kawaguchi, T., Juni, K., Sugibayashi, K., and Morimoto, Y. 1990. Enhanced Transdermal Delivery of Zidovudine in Rats and

Human Skin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(11): 3086-3089, 1990.Perfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by HenryPropecic

P-COUMARIC-ACID Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (25)

Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 4ug/ml (weak activity)

Ichikawa, K., et al. 1991. Isolation and Structure Determination of Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from Traditional Thai Medicine, andSyntheses of Their Derivatives. Sankyo Kenkyusho Nempo, 43: 99-110.

Allelopathic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor &Frost, London. 791 pp.

Antibacterial Pharmazie, 46: 156, 1991.AnticlastogenAntifertilityAntihepatotoxic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor &

Frost, London. 791 pp.Antileukemic IC50=25-56 ug/ml Chiang, L. C., Chiang, W., Chang, M. Y., Ng, L. T., Lin, C. C. 2003. Antileukemic activity of selected natural products in Taiwan. Am J Chin

Med, 31(1):37-46.Antinitrosaminic Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY.Antioxidant IC24=30 ppmAntioxidant 1/3 BHAAntiperoxidant IC50=>100 uM Planta Medica, 57: A54, 1991.AntisepticAntispasmodic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical

Press, London. 296pp.AntitumorCancer-Preventive

ChemopreventiveCholereticCytotoxic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor &

Frost, London. 791 pp.Diaphoretic? Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Dec-90.Fungicide Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC11=5mM


PesticideProstaglandigenicProstaglandin-Synthesis-InhibitorTyrosinase-Inhibitor ID50=3,650uM

PALMITIC-ACID Plant -- -- *


Activities (13)

5-Alpha-Reductase-InhibitorAntialopecicAntiandrogenicAntifibrinolytic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 1: 53.Antioxidant IC40=60FLavor FEMA 1 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by HenryHemolytic Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.Hypercholesterolemic Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.)Lubricant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.Nematicide Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.PesticidePropecicSoap Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.

PATULETIN Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (2)

Antispasmodic Iwu, M.M. 1993. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 435 pp.Cholagogue

PATULETIN-7-GLUCOSIDE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

PECTIC-ACID Plant -- -- *

PERILLYL-ALCOHOL Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (14)

AntibacterialAnticancer (Pancreas) IC50=290 uMAntimelanomic IC50=250 uM/lAntiproliferantAntitumor (Breast)Antitumor (Colon)Antitumor (Pancreas)Antitumor (Prostate)ApoptoticCandidicide

ChemopreventiveFungicideNematicide MLC=1 mg/ml Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.Pesticide

POLYACETYLENE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

PROAZULENES Plant -- -- Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide forHealth-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.

QUERCETAGETIN-3,5,6,7,3',4'-HEXAMETHYLETHER


QUERCETAGETIN-3,6,7,3',4'-PENTAMETHYLETHER


QUERCETAGETIN-3,6,7,3'-TETRAMETHYLETHER


QUERCETAGETIN-33,6,7,3'-TETRAMETHYLETHER

Plant -- -- *

QUERCETIN Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (176)

11B-HSD-Inhibitor


5-Lipoxygenase-InhibitorIC50 (uM)=4ATPase-Inhibitor Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.Aldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor IC70-96=10 uMAldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 uMAldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 4 ug/ml

Ichikawa, K., et al. 1991. Isolation and Structure Determination of Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from Traditional Thai Medicine, and Syntheses ofTheir Derivatives. Sankyo Kenkyusho Nempo, 43: 99-110.

Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor IC50=0.84ug/ml cow


Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor IC50=0.344 uM

Mao, X. M., Zhang, J. Q. 1993. Inhibition of Aldose Reductase by Extracts of Chinese Herbal Medicine. Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi , 18(10): 623-624.

Allelochemic IC82=1 mM Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: RecentAdvances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.

Allergenic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,London. 791 pp.

AnalgesicAntiCrohn's 400mg/man/3x/day


AntiGTF ID50=120 ug/mlAntiHIVAntiPMS 500mg/2x/day/wmn


Antiaflatoxin IC50=25uMAntiaflatoxin IC50=7.5ppmAntiaggregant IC50=55uM

Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 333.

Antiaggregant 30 uMAntiagingAntiallergic IC50=14 uM Jim Duke's personal files.AntialzheimeranAntianaphylactic Meli, R., Autore, G., Di Carlo, G., Capasso, F. Inhibitory Action of Quercetin on Intestinal Transit in Mice. Phytotherapy Research 4(5): 201, 1990.AntiangiogenicAntiarthriticAntiasthmatic IC50=14uM

AntiatheroscleroticAntibacterial Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.Anticarcinomic (Breast)IC50=1.5 uM

Medline (post 1990 searches filed in my computer)

Anticariogenic ID50=120ug/mlAnticataractAnticolitic 400mg/man/3x/day


AnticomplementaryAnticystitic 1,000mg/day/4 weeksAntidepressantAntidermatitic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).AntidiabeticAntielastase IC50=0.8ug/mlAntiencephalitic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 199.AntiescherichicAntiestrogenicAntifeedant IC52=<1,000 ppm diet


AntifibrosarcomicAntiflu Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart.Antigastric Rastitel'nye Resursy, 21: 85.Antigonadotropic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.Antihepatotoxic Joyeux, M., Rolland, A., Fleurentin, J., Mortier, F., and Dorfman, P. 1989. Tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide-Induced Injury in Isolated Rat Hepatocytes: A

Model for Studying Anti-Hepatotoxic Crude Drugs. Planta Medica 56(2): 171-173, 1990.Antiherpetic 48-150ug/mlAntihistaminic IC50=<10uMAntihydrophobic Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart.Antihypertensive Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.Antiinflammatory 20-150mg/kg


Antileishmanic IC50=64Antileukemic IC50=10uM



Antileukemic IC50=>10ug/ml

Life Sciences 55: 1061.

Antileukemic 5.5-60 uMAntileukotriene Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).AntilipoperoxidantIC67=50Antimalarial IC50=1-6.4ug/ml

Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987.

AntimelanomicAntimetastaticAntimutagenic ID50=2-5nM


AntimutagenicID50=0.62 ug/mlAntimyocarditic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 199.AntinitrosaminicAntinociceptiveAntioxidant IC96=300ppm


Antioxidant ED50=2.3uM

Seidel, V., Verholle, M., Malard, Y., Tillequin, F., Fruchart, J-C., Duriez, P., Bailleul, F., Teissier, E. 2000. Phenylpropanoids from Ballota nigra L.Inhibit in vitro LDL Peroxidation. Phytotherapy Research, 14(2): 93-98.

Antioxidant 4.7 x Vit. EAntioxidant IC47=10 uMAntipancreatitic Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY.

Antiperiodontal Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).AntiperistalticAntipermeabilityAntiperoxidant Planta Medica, 57: A110, 1991.Antipharyngitic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).Antiplaque Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).Antiplasmodial IC50=13-64AntipodriacAntipolio Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).Antiproliferant 10 nMAntiprostanoidAntiprostatitic Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY.Antipsoriac Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).Antiradicular IC50=4.6uM

Planta Medica, 56(6): 695, 1990.

AntispasmodicAntistreptococcicID50=120 ug/mlAntithiamin Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, 69.AntithrombicAntitrypanosomicIC50=13Antitumor 10 uMAntitumor (Bladder)Antitumor (Breast)Antitumor (Colon)Antitumor (Lung)Antitumor (Ovary)Antitumor (Skin) 20 uMAntitumor-Promoter Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).AntiulcerAntiviral IC50=10 uM Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 225.Antiviral 48-150 ug/ml Amoros, M., Simoes, C.M.O., Girre, L., et al. Synergistic Effect Of Flavones And Flavonols Against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 In Cell Culture.

Comparison With The Antiviral Activity Of Propolis. J. of Natural Products 55(12):1732-1740, 1992.Apoptotic 20-60 uMBacteristat 10 mg/mlBradycardiac Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.COMT-InhibitorCOX-2-Inhibitor <40 uMCalmodulin-Antagonist Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.CandidicideCapillariprotective Merck 11th EditionCarcinogenic 40,000ppm (diet) mus

Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.

CatabolicCopper-ChelatorCyclooxygenase-Inhibitor


Cytochrome-P450-1A2-InhibitorCytotoxic ED50=70ug/ml

Matsukawa, Y., et al. The Effect of Quercetin and Other Flavonoids on Cell Cycle Progresssion and Growth of Human Gastric Cancer Cells. PlantaMedica, 56(6): 677, 1990.

Cytotoxic IC82=100ug/ml


Deiodinase-Inhibitor Jim Duke's personal files.Diaphoretic? Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Dec-90.Differentiator 5.5 uMEstrogenic 10% genisteinFungicide

Glucosyl-Transferase-Inhibitor ID50=120 ug/mlHIV-RT-Inhibitor IC50=<1ug/ml

Nakane, H., Fukushima, M., and Ono*, K. Differential Inhibition Of Reverse Transcriptase And Various DNA Polymerases By Digallic Acid And ItsDerivatives. Journal of Natural Products, 53(5): 1234-1240, 1990.

Hemostat Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.Hepatomagenic 5,000ppm (diet) rat


HepatoprotectiveHypoglycemic 100 mg/kgorl rat

Ivorra, M.D., Paya, M., and Villar, A. 1989. A Review of Natural Products and Plants as Potential Antidiabetic Drugs. Journal ofEthnopharmacology, 27: 243-275, 1989.

InotropicInsulinogenic Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).Juvabional Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent

Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.Larvistat 8,000 ppm diet Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent

Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.Lipoxygenase-InhibitorIC11=1.25 mM


Lipoxygenase-InhibitorIC50=0.1-5 uMMAO-A-InhibitorMMP-9-Inhibitor 20 uMMast-Cell-StabilizerMetal-Chelator (Copper) Seidel, V., Verholle, M., Malard, Y., Tillequin, F., Fruchart, J-C., Duriez, P., Bailleul, F., Teissier, E. 2000. Phenylpropanoids from Ballota nigra L.

Inhibit in vitro LDL Peroxidation. Phytotherapy Research, 14(2): 93-98.Metalloproteinase-Inhibitor IC50=>42 uMMutagenicNADH-Oxidase-InhibitorNEP-Inhibitor IC50=>42uMNF-kB-InhibitorNO-Inhibitor IC>50=125uMNO-Inhibitor IC50=20 uMNO-Synthase-Inhibitor 5-50 uMNeuroprotective 5-25 uMOrnithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor <10 uMP450-Inducer 5 uM Father Nature's Farmacy: The aggregate of all these three-letter citations.P450-Inhibitor 50-100 uM Father Nature's Farmacy: The aggregate of all these three-letter citations.PGE2-InhibitorPTK-Inhibitor 0.4-24 uMPesticidePhospholipase-InhibitorPlasmodicide Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.ProliferantProstaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor 40 ug/ml

Ibewuike, J. C., Ogungbamila, F. O., Ogundaini, A. O., Okeke, I. N., Bohlin, L. 1997. Antiinflammatory and Antibacterial Activities of C-methylflavonol from Piliostigma thonningii. Phytotherapy Research, 11(4): 281-284.

Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor

Naim, M., Zehavi, U., Nagy, S., and Rouseff, R.L. Hydroxycinnamic Acids as Off-Flavor Precursors in Citrus Fruits and Their Products. PhenolicCompounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.14.

Quinone-Reductase-Inducer 6 uM


Quinone-Reductase-Inducer 13 uMTNF-alpha-InhibitorIC50=3.11 uMTeratologicTopoisomerase-I-Inhibitor IC50=12.8ug/mlTopoisomerase-I-Inhibitor IC50=42 uMTopoisomerase-II-Inhibitor IC50=1-6.9ug/ml

Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor IC50=23-40 uM


Tumorigenic 0.1% dietorl rat/yr

Jim Duke's personal files.

Tyrosinase-InhibitorID50=70 uMTyrosine-Kinase-Inhibitor Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 170.VEGF-InhibitorVasodilatorXanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor IC50=>0.4ug/ml


Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor IC50=10.6ug/mlXanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor 3.1 uMcAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor


iNOS-Inhibitor IC50=20uM

QUERCETIN-3-0-GALACTOSIDE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

QUERCETIN-7-GLUCOSIDE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

QUERCETRIN Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

QUERCIMERITRIN Plant -- -- *

Activities (6)



Antiherpetic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 198.Antiviral Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 198.Insectiphile Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.Pesticide

QUERCIMERITRIN Flower -- -- *

Activities (6)



Antiherpetic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 198.Antiviral Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 198.Insectiphile Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,


RHAMNOSE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

RUTIN Plant -- -- *

Activities (87)

5-HT-InhibitorAldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor IC27-52=10 uMAldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 uMAldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 4 ug/ml


AllelochemicAntiCVI 270 mg/man/dayAntiaggregant ED50=33nmol/kg ivAntiallergicAntiapoplecticAntiatherogenicAntiatherosclerotic


Antibacterial Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,London. 791 pp.

AnticancerAnticapillary-Fragility 20-100 mg orl man

Merck 7th Ed.

AnticataractAnticlastogenAnticonvulsant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.Antidementia Bruneton, J. 1999. Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants. 2nd Ed. Lavoisier Publishing, Paris. 1119 pp.Antidermatitic Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.Antidiabetic Jin, G-Z., Yamagata, Y., and Tomita, K.-i. 1989. Structure of Rutin Pentamethanol. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(2): 297-300, 1990.Antiedemic 270 mg/dayorl manAntierythemicAntifeedantAntiglaucomic 60 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.AntihematuricAntihemorrhoidalAntihepatotoxic Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY.

665 pp.Antiherpetic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 198.AntihistaminicAntihypertensive Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.Antiinflammatory 20mg/kgAntimalarial IC50=>100ug/ml

Khalid, S.A., Farouk, A., Geary**, T.G., and Jensen, J.B. 1985. Potential Antimalarial Candidates From African Plants: An In Vitro Approach UsingPlasmodium falciparum*. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 15: 201-209, 1986.

AntimelanomicAntimetastaticAntimutagenic ID50=2-5nMAntinephriticAntinociceptiveAntioxidant IC28=30ppmAntioxidant IC50=120 uMAntioxidant IC54=10 uMAntiperoxidant IC50=10-20 uMAntiplateletAntiproliferant 50-75 uM/lAntiprotozoalAntipurpuricAntiradicular 9 xquercetinAntispasmodicAntisunburnAntithrombogenicEC50=500 nMAntithyroid IC50=68 uMAntitrypanosomic 100mg/kg


AntitumorAntitumor-PromoterAntiulcerAntivaricoseAntiviralApoptotic 75 uM/lCancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.Capillariprotective Merck 11th EditionCatabolicChemopreventiveCytoprotective IC50=3uMEstrogenic? Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.HemostatHepatomagenic 20,000ppm (diet) rat


Hepatoprotective 20mg/kg ratHypocholesterolemic Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.Hypotensive Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.Immunomodulator


Insecticide Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY.665 pp.

Insectiphile Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,London. 791 pp.

Juvabional Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.Larvistat IC95=4,000-8,000 ppm diet


Lipoxygenase-InhibitorIC75=2.5 mM


Mutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.MyoprotectiveMyorelaxant Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.Oviposition-Stimulant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.PAF-InhibitorPesticideProtisticideRadioprotectiveSunscreenTopoisomerase-II-Inhibitor IC50=1 ug/ml

Bernard, F. X., Sable, S., Cameron, B., Provost, J., Desnottes, J. F., Crouzet, J., Blanche, F. 1997. Glycosylated Flavones as Selective Inhibitors ofTopoisomerase IV. Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy, 41: 992-998.

VasodilatorVasopressorcAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor


RUTIN Flower -- -- *

Activities (87)

5-HT-InhibitorAldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor IC27-52=10 uMAldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 uMAldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 4 ug/ml


AllelochemicAntiCVI 270 mg/man/dayAntiaggregant ED50=33nmol/kg ivAntiallergic

AntiapoplecticAntiatherogenicAntiatheroscleroticAntibacterial Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.AnticancerAnticapillary-Fragility 20-100 mg orl man

Merck 7th Ed.

AnticataractAnticlastogenAnticonvulsant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.Antidementia Bruneton, J. 1999. Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants. 2nd Ed. Lavoisier Publishing, Paris. 1119 pp.Antidermatitic Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.Antidiabetic Jin, G-Z., Yamagata, Y., and Tomita, K.-i. 1989. Structure of Rutin Pentamethanol. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(2): 297-300, 1990.Antiedemic 270 mg/dayorl manAntierythemicAntifeedantAntiglaucomic 60 mg/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.AntihematuricAntihemorrhoidalAntihepatotoxic Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY.

665 pp.Antiherpetic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 198.AntihistaminicAntihypertensive Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.Antiinflammatory 20mg/kgAntimalarial IC50=>100ug/ml

Khalid, S.A., Farouk, A., Geary**, T.G., and Jensen, J.B. 1985. Potential Antimalarial Candidates From African Plants: An In Vitro Approach UsingPlasmodium falciparum*. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 15: 201-209, 1986.

AntimelanomicAntimetastaticAntimutagenic ID50=2-5nM


AntinephriticAntinociceptiveAntioxidant IC28=30ppmAntioxidant IC50=120 uMAntioxidant IC54=10 uMAntiperoxidant IC50=10-20 uMAntiplateletAntiproliferant 50-75 uM/lAntiprotozoalAntipurpuricAntiradicular 9 xquercetinAntispasmodicAntisunburnAntithrombogenicEC50=500 nMAntithyroid IC50=68 uMAntitrypanosomic 100mg/kg


AntitumorAntitumor-PromoterAntiulcerAntivaricoseAntiviralApoptotic 75 uM/lCancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.Capillariprotective Merck 11th EditionCatabolicChemopreventiveCytoprotective IC50=3uMEstrogenic? Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.HemostatHepatomagenic 20,000ppm (diet) rat


Hepatoprotective 20mg/kg ratHypocholesterolemic Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.Hypotensive Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.ImmunomodulatorInsecticide Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY.

665 pp.Insectiphile Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.Juvabional Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.Larvistat IC95=4,000-8,000 ppm diet


Lipoxygenase-InhibitorIC75=2.5 mM


Mutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.MyoprotectiveMyorelaxant Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 189.Oviposition-Stimulant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.PAF-InhibitorPesticideProtisticideRadioprotectiveSunscreenTopoisomerase-II-Inhibitor IC50=1 ug/ml

Bernard, F. X., Sable, S., Cameron, B., Provost, J., Desnottes, J. F., Crouzet, J., Blanche, F. 1997. Glycosylated Flavones as Selective Inhibitors ofTopoisomerase IV. Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy, 41: 992-998.

VasodilatorVasopressorcAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor


SALICYLATES Flower -- 0.6 *


Activities (7)

Antiaggregant Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London.296pp.

Antiinflammatory Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London.296pp.

Antipyretic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London.296pp.

Antiuricosuric Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London.296pp.

Hyperglycemic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London.296pp.

Hypoglycemic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London.296pp.

Uricosuric Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London.296pp.

SALICYLIC-ACID Plant -- -- *

Activities (34)

Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 724.6 uM

Toyomizu, M., Sugiyama, S., Jin, R. L., Nakatsu, T. 1993. Alpha-Glucosidase and Aldose Reductase Inhibitors: Constituents of Cashew, Anacardiumoccidentale, Nut Shell Liquids. Phytotherapy Research, 7(3): 252-254.

Analgesic

Antiarthritic Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938Madaus.

Antibacterial Martindale's 28thAntidandruff A.L.L. Hunting. Encyclopedia of Shampoo Ingredients. Micelle Press, Cranford NJ. 467 pp.AntidermatoticAntieczemicAntiichthyosic Martindale's 29thAntiinflammatory Pharmazie, 46: 156, 1991.Antineuralgic Madaus, G. 1976. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Hilfmittel. Vol,. 1-3. 2862 pp. (+ 144 p. index). Georg Olms Verlag, Hildescheim. Reprint of 1938

Madaus.Antioncychomycotic Martindale's 29thAntioxidant Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.AntiperiodicAntipodagricAntipsoriacAntipyreticAntirheumaticAntiseborrheicAntiseptic A.L.L. Hunting. Encyclopedia of Shampoo Ingredients. Micelle Press, Cranford NJ. 467 pp.AntitumorAntitympanitic Merck 11th EditionCOX-2-Inhibitor Newmark, T. M. and Schulick, P. 2000. Herbal Cox-2 Inhibition - Nature's Challenge to Arthritis, Cancer & Alzheimer's Disease. Hohm Press,

Prescott AZ.Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.Comedolytic Martindale's 29thCyclooxygenase-InhibitorDermatitigenic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.Fungicide MIC 1,000ug/mlHypoglycemic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 158.Insectifuge Tunon, H., Thorsell, W., and Bohlin, L. 1993. Mosquito Repelling Activity of Compounds Occurring in Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae).

Economic Botany 48(2): 111-120, 1994.Keratolytic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.PesticideThermogenic 130 ppmTineacide Martindale's 29thUlcerogenic

SINAPIC-ACID Plant -- -- *


Activities (9)


Antihepatotoxic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,London. 791 pp.

Antioxidant IC27=30 ppmAntiperoxynitrite IC39=5uMAntiperoxynitrite IC60=20uMAntiperoxynitrite IC75=100uMCancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.Fungicide Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,


SPATHULENOL Plant -- -- Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide forHealth-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.

SPINACETIN Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

STIGMASTEROL Flower -- -- *

Activities (12)

AntihepatotoxicAntiinflammatory Lawrence Review of Natural Products, 1995AntinociceptiveAntiophidic 2.3 mgipr mus


Antioxidant IC33=10uMAntiviral Abid Ali Khan, M.M., Jain, D.C., Bhakuni, R.S., Zaim, M., and Thakur, R.S. 1991. Occurrence of some antiviral sterols in Artemisia annua. Plant

Science, 75: 161-165, 1991.ArtemicideLC50=110 ppm

Jung, J.H., Pummangura, S., Chaichantipyuth, c., Patarapanich, C., and McLaughlin, J.L. 1989. Bioactive Constituents of Melodorum fruticosum.Phytochemistry. 29(5): 1667-1670. 1990.

Cancer-Preventive Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.EstrogenicHypocholesterolemic Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.OvulantSedative

TANNIN Plant -- -- Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide forHealth-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.


Activities (35)

AnthelminticAntiHIVAntibacterialAnticancerAnticariogenicAntidiarrheicAntidysentericAntihepatotoxicAntihypertensiveAntilipolyticAntimutagenicAntinephritic Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously

Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990.Antiophidic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 363.AntioxidantIC50=1.44 ug/mlAntioxidant 1/3quercetinAntiradicular 500mg/kg/day orl mus

Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone SpontaneouslyHypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990.

Antiradicular 1/3quercetinAntirenitic Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously

Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990.AntitumorAntitumor-PromoterAntiulcerAntiviralCancer-Preventive HerbalGram No. 22 - Spring 1990, page 14.CarcinogenicChelatorCyclooxygenase-InhibitorGlucosyl-Transferase-InhibitorHepatoprotectiveImmunosuppressantLipoxygenase-InhibitorMAO-InhibitorOrnithine-Decarboxylase-InhibitorPesticidePsychotropic Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously

Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990.Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor

THIAMIN Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.


Activities (31)

Analgesic 1-4 g/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.AntiLyme 50 mgAntialcoholic 50-100 mg/dayAntialzheimeran 100-3,000mg/day

Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.

Antianorectic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,London. 791 pp.

Antibackache 1-4 g/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.AntiberiberiAnticankerAnticardiospasmicAnticataractAnticoliticAntidecubiticAntideliriantAntidementiaAntidyspepticAntiencephalopathic Martindale's 29thAntifatigue Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.Antigastritic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost,

London. 791 pp.Antihangover 50 mgAntiheartburnAntiherpeticAntimigraineAntimyocarditicAntineuralgic 1-4 g/day Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.AntineurasthenicAntineuriticAntineuropathic 50 mg Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.AntipoliomyeliticInsectifuge 75-150mg/man/day

Martindale's 28th

NeuroprotectivePesticide

THUJONE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (17)

Abortifacient Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London.296pp.

Anthelmintic Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London.791 pp.

Antibacterial J. Ess. Oil Res. 7: 271.Antiseptic Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London.

296pp.AntispasmodicED50=0.127mg/ml


CerebrodepressantConvulsant 40mg/kg

R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. TheMyth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.

Counterirritant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London.791 pp.

Emmenagogue Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London.296pp.

EpileptigenicHallucinogenicHerbicide IC50=22mM

Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advancesin Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.

NeurotoxicPerfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by HenryPesticideRespirainhibitorToxic Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry

TRANS-ALPHA-FARNESENE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.


TRANS-BETA-FARNESENE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (2)

Insectifuge Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.Pesticide

TRANS-EN-YN-DICYCLOETHER Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

TRIACONTANE Plant -- -- Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide forHealth-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.

UMBELLIFERONE Flower 20.0 290.0 *

Activities (22)

Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor IC50=4.8 ug/mlcow




Antiedemic Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.AntihistaminicAntiinflammatoryAntimitotic 5-25 ug/ml Gawron, A. and Glowniak, K. 1987. Cytostatic Activity of Coumarins in vitro. Planta Medica 1987: 526.Antimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.AntiprostaglandinAntisepticAntispasmodicAntistaphylococcicCancer-Preventive 5-25ug/ml

Gawron, A. and Glowniak, K. 1987. Cytostatic Activity of Coumarins in vitro. Planta Medica 1987: 526.

CandidicideCholereticFungicide Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel

Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.

Lipoxygenase-InhibitorPerfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by HenryPesticidePhotoactiveSunscreen Merck 11th EditionXanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor


UMBELLIFERONE Plant -- -- *


Activities (22)

Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor IC50=4.8 ug/mlcow




Antiedemic Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.AntihistaminicAntiinflammatoryAntimitotic 5-25 ug/ml Gawron, A. and Glowniak, K. 1987. Cytostatic Activity of Coumarins in vitro. Planta Medica 1987: 526.Antimutagenic Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.AntiprostaglandinAntisepticAntispasmodicAntistaphylococcicCancer-Preventive 5-25ug/ml

Gawron, A. and Glowniak, K. 1987. Cytostatic Activity of Coumarins in vitro. Planta Medica 1987: 526.

CandidicideCholereticFungicide Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel

Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.Lipoxygenase-InhibitorPerfumery Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by HenryPesticidePhotoactiveSunscreen Merck 11th EditionXanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor


XANTHOXYLIN Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (4)

AntifeedantAntiprostaglandin Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London.

791 pp.Antitumor Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London.

791 pp.Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor

Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London.791 pp.

XYLOSE Plant -- -- Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root ofGlycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.

Activities (3)

AntidiabeticDiagnostic Martindale's 28thDye Merck 11th Edition


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