Chapter 13 The Chemistry of Solids. Types of Solids Metals Network Ionic Molecular Amorphous.
Liquids and Solids Solids. Objectives 1.Explain the properties of solids according to the KMT....
-
Upload
bernadette-cleopatra-merritt -
Category
Documents
-
view
247 -
download
1
Transcript of Liquids and Solids Solids. Objectives 1.Explain the properties of solids according to the KMT....
Liquids and Solids
Solids
Objectives1. Explain the properties of solids according to the
KMT.
2. Distinguish between amorphous and crystalline solids.
3. Define crystal structure and unit cell.
Solids
• Definite shape• Definite volume• Intermolecular forces
have a large effect; particles are held in fixed positions
Properties of SolidsDefinite melting point• Temperature at which the particles of a solid
overcome intermolecular forces that hold them in fixed positions
• Freezing points and melting points have the same values
• Amorphous do not have a definite melting point.
Properties of SolidsHigh Density• Particles of solid are packed close together as a result
of low K.E. and high intermolecular forces.
Incompressibility• Particles cannot be pressed into a smaller volume.
Low Rate of Diffusion• Result of limited particle movement and limited
space between particles
Crystalline Solids• Solids in which the
particles are arranged in an orderly geometric pattern
• Arrangement of particles is called a crystal lattice
• The simplest portion of the lattice is called the unit cell
Types of Crystalline SolidsIonic • Ionic bonds between anions and cations
Covalent Network• Covalent bonds between atoms.• Examples: Diamond (Cx), quartz (SiO2)x,
Metallic• Metal cations surrounded by a see of electrons
Molecular covalent• Molecules held together by intermolecular forces
(disperson, dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonding
Types of Crystalline Solids
Amorphous Solids• Particles are arranged
randomly• Sometimes referred to
as supercooled liquids• Examples include glass,
rubber, plastics.