Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources || Physalis peruviana L.

Solanaceae

Atropa belladonna L.

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Oil, %: 30.0 [1]; 39.6 [2]

d15: 0.9250–0.9256 [1]

n25D : 1.4726 [1]; 14755 [2]oE20: 8.02 [2]

Acid value, mg KOH: 1.13 [2]

Iodine value, % J2: 145.0 [1]; 142.80 [2]

Saponification value, mg KOH: 191.2 [1];

182.93 [2]

FAs

Composition (GLC), %: 6:0 – 0.34; 14:0–0.2; 16:0 –

5.25; 16:1 – tr; 18:0 – 3.70; 18:1 – 13.31; 18:2 –

86.46; 18:3 – 0.5

References

1. N.I. Sharapov, Oil Plants and the Process of Oil formation(AS USSR Press, Мoskwa-Leningrad, 1959), p. 352 [in

Russian]

2. V.S. Dolya, E.N. Shkurupy, N.S. Fursa, Chem. Nat. Comp. 9,

578 (1973)

Atropa caucasica Kreyer.

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Oil, % dry wt: 34.0

Iodine value, % J2: 127.0

A.I. Glushenkova (ed.), Lipids, Lipophilic Components and EssentDOI 10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7, # Springer Science+Business M

References

1. N.I. Sharapov,Oil Plants and the Process of Oil formation (ASUSSR Press, Moskwa-Leningrad, 1959), p. 352 [in Russian]

Capsicum annuum L.

Family: Solanaceae

Fruit

Moisture, %: 89.9 [1]

Parts, %: Pulp – 84.2; pestil – 6.7; seed – 9.1

(fresh wt) [1]

Pericarp – 57.8; seed – 7.0; stem with calyces – 33.9

(sweet red pepper); pericarp – 6.8; seed – 25.4; stem

with calyces – 1.7% (hot red pepper) [2]

Dry matter, %: 10.72 (sweet red pepper) [3]

Oil (petroleum ether), % dry wt: 12.9 (sweet red pep-

per), 15.6 (hot red pepper) [2]

FAs

Composition (GLC; 15% EGS); %: 8:0 – tr – 0.1;

10:0 – tr; 12:0 – 0.2–0.5; 14:0 – 1.1–1.3; 14:1 –

tr; 15:0 – tr; 16:0 – 10.8–11.9; 16:1 – 0.3–0.5;

17:0 – tr; 18:0 – 2.2–2.4; 18:1 – 8.1–8.3; 18:2 –

71.2–73.0; 18:3 + 20:0 – 3.0–4.3 (sweet red

pepper); 8:0 – tr; 10:0 – tr; 12:0 – 0.3; 14:0 –

0.7–1.1; 14:1 – tr; 16:0 – 10.8–11.5; 16:1 – 0.2–

0.3; 17:0 – tr; 18:0 – 2.0–2.1; 18:1 – 7.0–8.2;

18:2 – 74.5–75.8; 18:3 + 20:0 – 1.9–2.5 (hot red

pepper) [2]

Carotenoids, 10–3% fresh wt: 4.80 [3]

Composition, %: a-Carotene – 1.8; b-carotene –

12.5; 5;6-epoxy-lutein – 4.0; lutein – 53.2; b –

cryptoxanthin – 0.9; violaxanthin – 8.2;

ial Oils from Plant Sources,edia, LLC 2012

Solanaceae 874 Capsicum annuum L.

neoxanthin – 10.3; unidentified carotenoids –

9.1 [3]

Chlorophylls, 10–3% fresh wt: 67.80 [3]

Composition, %: Chlorophyll a – 61.3; сhlorophyllb – 24.9; pheophytin a – 0.8; pheophytin b – 0.3;

chlorophyllid a – 8.5; chlorophyllid b – 4.2

Fruit Wall

Dry matter, %: 12.4 [4]

Oil (petroleum ether), % dry wt: 0.17% [4]

FAs

Composition, %: 12:0 – 1.4; 12:1 – 0.1; 14:0 – 3.9;

14:1 – 0.2; 16:0 – 13.8; 16:1 – 1.4; 16:2 – 0.2;

17:0 – 0.2; 18:0 – 4.7; 18:1 – 5.2; 18:2 – 45.5;

18:3 – 21.9; 20:0 – tr; 20:4 – 0.6; 20:5 – 0.2; 22:0

– 0.3; others – 0.4

Pericarp

FAs

Composition (GLC, 15% EGS), %: 8:0 – tr; 10:0 –

tr; 12:0 – tr; 14:0 – 0.1 – tr; 15:0 – tr; 16:0 – 9.3–

10.3; 16:1 – 0.2–0.3; 17:0 – tr; 18:0 – 1.7–2.2;

18:1 – 8.1–8.5; 18:2 – 79.0–79.8; 18:3 + 20:0 –

0.1 – tr (sweet red pepper): 8:0 – tr; 10:0 – tr –

0.1; 12:0 – 1.5–2.5; 14:0 – 4.4–6.2; 14:1 – tr; 15:0

– tr; 16:0 – 16.0–16.3; 16:1 – 0.9; 17:0 – tr – 0.1;

18:0 – 2.9–3.7; 18:1 – 7.8–9.5; 18:2 – 48.4–50.3;

18:3 + 20:0 – 13.9–14.4 (hot red pepper) [2]

Pestil

Lipids, % dry wt: 0.89 (sweet red pepper, chloroform-

methanol) [1]

FAs

Composition (GLC, 15% EGS), %: 12:0 – 0.3; 14:0

– 1.0; 15:0 – tr; 16:0 – 27.4; 16:1 – 0.4; 17:0 –

0.5; 17:1 – tr; 18:0 – 1.4; 18:1 – 7.9; 18:2 – 51.8;

18:3 – 8.5; 20:0 – 0.8

Carotenoids, mg% of lipids: 56.8

Placenta

Dry matter, %: 11.4 [4]

Oil (petroleum ether), % dry wt: 0.18 [4]

FAs

Composition, %: 12:0 – 1.0; 12:1 – 0.2; 14:0 – 2.7;

14:1 – 0.3; 16:0 – 15.6; 16:1 – 1.3; 16:2 – 0.2;

17:0 – 0.4; 18:0 – 6.9; 18:1 – 9.6; 18:2 – 40.4;

18:3 – 18.7; 20:0 – tr; 20:4 – 0.9; 20:5 – 0.3; 22:0

– 0.2; others – 1.2

Pulp

Lipids, % dry wt: 1.75 (sweet pepper, chloroform-

methanol) [1], 4.1 (hot red pepper, benzine) [5]

FAs


– 3.3; 15:0 – tr; 16:0 – 33.3; 16:1 – 1.2; 17:0 –

0.7; 17:1 – tr; 18:0 – 4.1; 18:1 – 11.3; 18:2 – 33.2;

18:3 – 8.4; 20:0 – 1.8; unidentified – tr (sweet red

pepper) [1]; 14:0 – 7.7; 16:0 – 18.3; 16:1 – 1.0;

17:0 – 0.6; 18:0 – 4.1; 18:1 – 13.3; 18:2 – 45.0;

18:3 – 10.0 (hot red pepper) [5]

Composition of lipids

Surface lipids, %: 3.8 [1]

NL, %: 78.76 [1]

GL, %: 14.34 [1]

PhL %: 3.10 [1]

Composition of NL (CC), %: Hydrogenes + carot-

enoids – 0.36–8.2; esters of FAs with alkanols

and cyclic alcohols – 10.86; TAG – 55.8; tocoph-

erols – 0.14; free FAs – 14.28; alkanols – 6.16;

triterphenols + monomethylsterols + sterols –

3.84; DAG + MAG – 0.44

FAs


– 2.6; 15:0 – 0.5; 16:0 – 26.7; 16:1 – 1.0; 17:0 –

0.3; 17:1 – 0.2; 18:0 – 11.9; 18:1 – 19.7; 18:2 –

34.0; 18:3 – 2.3; 20:0 – 0.2; unidentified – 0.4 [1]

TAG, mg %: 72.8 [6]

Main components (Coleman), mol %: PLL – 12.6;

OLL – 9.4; LLL – 8.4; PLO – 8.2; PLP – 5.3;

StLL – 5.0; PLS – 4.5; LLLe – 4.4 [6]

GL, mg/g dry wt: 2.45 [1]

FAs (GLC, 15% EGS), %: 12:0 – 0.4; 14:0 – 1.9;

15:0 – 0.4; 16:0 – 25.2; 16:1 – 0.7; 17:0 – 0.8;

17:1 – 0.8; 18:0 – 0.7; 18:1 – 7.2; 18:2 – 19.3;

18:3 – 42.1; 20:0 – 0.5

Composition (CC), %: ESG – 22.5; MGDG – 40.8;

SG – 13.7; DGDG – 20.0; SQDG – 3.0;

unidentified – tr (sweet red pepper) [7]

ESG

FAs (GLC, 15%Reoplex 400, DB 1), %: 12:0 – 0.6;

14:0 – 2.3; 15:0 – tr; 16:0 – 29.4; 16:1 – tr; 17:0 – tr;

18:0 – 1.3; 18:1 – 6.6; 18:2 – 38.4; 18:3 – 21.4 [7]

MGDG

FAs (GLC), %: 12:0 – 0.6; 14:0 – 0.7; 15:0 – tr; 16:0

– 19.2; 16:1 – 0.7; 18:0 – 0.5; 18:1 – 4.6; 18:2 –

13.2; 18:3 – 60.7; 20:0 – 0.7 [7]

Capsicum annuum L. 875 Solanaceae
DGDG
FAs (GLC), %: 12:0 – 0.7; 14:0 – 1.2; 15:0 – tr; 16:0

– 22.2; 16:1 – 0.5; 17:0 – tr; 18:0 – 0.5; 18:1 –

4.3; 18:2 – 21.5; 18:3 – 49.1 [7]

PhL, mg/g dry wt: 0.53 [1]

Components (CC), %: PhC, PhE, PhI, PhG (main

components), PhA and two N-acyl-PhLFAs (GLC, 15% EGS), %: 12:0 – 6.6; 14:0 – 1.8;

15:0 – tr; 16:0 – 42.7; 16:1 – tr; 17:0 – tr; 18:0 –

1.7; 18:1 – 18.6; 18:2 – 19.3; 18:3 – 9.3; 20:0 – tr

Unsaponifiables

Components, %: Isoprenes – 19.0; triterpenols –

30.0; sterols – 38.0 [5]

Carotenoids, mg %: 875.8 [5]

Pigments: Capsanthin, capsorubin, and their esters [5]

Components: Carotenes, lutein, violaxanthin

neoxanthin, chlorophyll a and b (Large green

cultivar at immature and mature stages) [9]

Carotenes, cryptoxanthin, unidentified 1,

capsanthin, zeaxanthin, cryptocapsin,

mutatoxanthin, unidentified 2, capsorubin,

capsanthin isomer, violaxanthin, anteraxanthin,

luteoxanthin a and b, neoxanthin, capsorubin

isomer, capsanthin isomer (Large green cultivar

at half and fully ripened stages) [9]

Carotenes, hydroxyl-a-carotene, cryptoxanthin,

cryptoxanthin-5,6-epoxide and cryptoxanthin-

5,6-diepoxide, mutatoxanthin, unidentified 1,

lutein, violaxanthin, anteraxanthin,

luteoxanthin, unidentified 2, auroxanthin,

neoxanthin, unidentified 3, chlorophyll a and

b (Golden Californian Wonder cultivar at half

and fully ripened stages) [9]

b-Carotene, neurosporene, lutein, zeaxanthin, chlo-rophyll b, pheophytin a, pheophytin b (mature

green fruit), b-carotene, lutein, capsanthin,

capsanthin monododecanoate, capsanthin

monohexadecanoate, capsanthin monolinoleate,

capsanthin ester 4, capsorubin, capsorubin ester

1, capsorubin ester 2, zeaxanthin, zeaxanthin

ester 1 (mature red fruit) [10]

Carotenoids, mg/g dry wt: b-Carotene – 54.9; b-crypthoxanthin – 20.8 (as free and monoester);

lutein – 79.9; violaxanthin – 33.8; neoxanthin –

39.1; total – 228.5 (fully green) [8]

b-Carotene – 271.8; b-crypthoxanthin – 217.0 (as

free and monoester); cryptocapsin – 90.0;

zeaxanthin – 54.7 (as monoester); anteraxanthin

– 162.4 (as diester); violaxanthin – 125.3;

capsanthin – 587.7 (as free; monoester and dies-

ter); capsanthin-5,6-epoxide – 30.0 (as diester);

capsorubin – 181.7 (as diester); neoxanthin –

35.3; total – 1755.9 (mature red) [8]

Composition%: b-Carotene – 24.0; b-cyptoxantine(free and monoester) – 9.1; lutein – 34.9;

violaxanthin – 14.8; neoxanthin – 17.1 (fully

green) [8]

b-Carotene – 15.4; b-cryptoxanthin (free and

monoester) – 12.3; cryptocapsin – 5.1; zeaxan-

thin monoester – 3.1; anteraxanthin diester –

9.2; violaxanthin – 7.1; capsanthin (free; mono-

ester; diester) – 33.3; capsanthin-5,6-epoxide

diester – 1.7; capsorubin diester – 10.3,

neoxanthin – 2.0 (mature red) [8]

Xanthophylls

Composition, %: b-Crypthoxanthin – 12.0; lutein –

45.9; violaxanthin – 19.5; neoxanthin – 22.4 (all

as free – 99.8 in the fully green) [8]

Cryptocapsin – 6.1; violaxanthin – 8.5; capsanthin –

2.9; neoxanthin – 2.4 (all as free – 19.9); b-crypthoxanthin – 14.6; zeaxanthin – 3.7;

capsanthin – 7.6 (all as monoester – 25.9);

anteraxanthin – 11.0; capsanthin-5,6-epoxide

– 2.1; capsanthin – 28.8; capsorubin – 12.2 (all

as diester – 54.1 in the mature red) [8]

Oxygenated carotenoids

Components: Zeaxanthin; carotenoid 3,6-epoxide

(heteroxanthin), tetrol karpoxanthin,

anteraxanthin, capsanthin, via violaxanthin

capsanthin 5,6-epoxide, capsorubin, capsanthin

3,6-epoxide, capsochrome 5,6-epoxide (pods of

red paprika) [11]

TLC [5, 9, 10]

UV [5, 8, 11]

HPLC [10]1H NMR [11]

Capsanthin 5,6-epoxide

M.p.[11]

[a]D: + 9.4o (C6H6) [11]

Capsanthin 3,6-epoxide

UV [11]

[a]D: + 3.2o (C6H6) [11]

Tocopherols, mg/% of lipids: 127.0, a, b + g and d-Isomers [1]

Solanaceae 876 Capsicum annuum L.

Seed

Dry matter, %: 53.2 [4]

Moisture, %: 9.4–12.4 [12]

Mass of 1,000, g: 4.85–5.09 [12]

Oil, %: 2.65–5.12 (hexane, fresh wt) [12]; 7.89–9.10

[5]; 18.0–26.0 (dry wt) [4, 13, 14]

d20: 0.9228–0.9290 [13]

n20D : 1.4750 [13]

n21D : 1.4776 [13]

Saponification value, mg KOH: 171.1 [13]; 189.5

[14]

Iodine value, % J2: 84.5–134.4 [13]; 138.2 [14]

Unsaponifiables, %: 1.8 [14]

FAs

Composition (GLC, 15% ECS), %: 8:0 – tr; 10:0 –

tr; 12:0 – tr; 14:0 – tr – 0.1; 15:0 – tr; 16:0 – 9.3–

10.3; 16:1 – 0.2–0.3; 17:0 – tr; 18:0 – 1.7–2.2;

18:1 – 8.1–8.5; 18:2 – 79.1–79.8; 18:3 + 20:0 – tr

– 0.1 (sweet red pepper) [2]

8:0 – tr; 12:0 – tr; 14:0 – tr; 15:0 – tr; 16:0 – 9.9; 16:1

– 0.2; 17:0 – tr; 18:0 – 2.1–2.3; 18:1 – 8.0–8.4;

18:2 – 79.1–79.4; 18:3 + 20:0 – tr – 0.1 (hot red

pepper) [2]

14:0 – 0.2; 16:0 – 11.3; 16:1 – 0.5; 16:2 – 0.2; 17:0 –

0.1; 18:0 – 4.4; 18:1 – 14.8; 18:2 – 67.4; 18:3 –

0.2; 20:0 – 0.5; 22:0 – 0.2 [4]

Low molecular weight acids (6:0–13:0) – 2.2; 14:0 –

0.4; 16:0 – 12.6; 16:1 – 1.7; 16:2 – 0.9; 18:0 –

8.8; 18:1 – 19.4; 18:2 – 54.0 (hot red pepper) [12]

Composition of Oil (CC), %: Hydrogenes with carot-

enoids – 0.9; esters of FAs with alkanols and cyclic

alcohols – 1.5; TAG – 87.2; free FAs + tocopherols

– 4.5; triterpenols – 1.2; sterols + DAG – 3.2; MAG

+ unidentified – 1.2 [12]

Esters of alkanols and cyclic alcohols

FAs (GLC), %: Low molecular weight acids C6 –

C13 – 9.0; 14:0 – 1.6; 16:0 – 15.5; 16:1 – 2.3; 16:2

– 1.6; 17:0 – 0.8; 18:0 – 9.5; 18:1 – 23.2; 18:2 –

33.4; 18:3 – 3.1 [12]

Free FAs

Composition (GLC), %: Low molecular weight

acids (6:0–13:0) – 3.5; 14:0 – 1.0; 16:0 – 21.2;

16:1 – 3.2; 16:2 – 2.5; 17:0 – 1.3; 18:0 – 5.7; 18:1

– 17.2; 18:2 – 38.1; 18:3 – 4.8; 20:0 – 1.5 [12]

TAG

Composition (HPLC), mole %: LeLL – 0.9; LLL +

LeLO – 44.5; LeLeP – 1.0; LLO – 11.8; LLP –

24.0; LOO – 2.7; LLS + LOP – 9.5; LPP – 1.1;

OOO – 0.6; LOSt + OOP – 1.7; LPSt + OPP –

1.2; OOSt – 0.2; others – 0.8 (sweet pepper) [15]

LeLL – 0.3; LLL + LeLO – 48.6; LeLeP – 0.2; LLO

– 10.9; LLP – 28.0; LOO – 1.8; LLSt + LOP –

7.7; LPP – 1.2; OOO – 0.1; LOSt + OOP – 0.2;

LPSt + OPP – 0.2; OOSt – 0.1; others – 0.7 (hot

pepper) [15]

FAs (GLC, 15% ECS), %: 14:0 – tr; 16:0 – 12.6;

18:0 – 5.5; 18:1 – 12.3; 18:2 – 69.6 [12]

GL

Composition (CC), %: ESG – 17.8; MGDG – 7.2;

SG – 61.1; DGDG – 3.9; unidentified – 10.0 [7]

ESG

FAs (GLC, 15% Reorlex 400, DB 1), %: 9:0 – tr;

10:0 – tr; 12:0 – 1.8; 13:0 – 1.8; 14:0 – 6.1; 15:0 –

2.3; 16:0 – 43. – tr; 17:0 – 1.3; 17:1 – tr; 18:0 –

11.1; 18:1 – 7.2; 18:2 – 24.2; 20.0 – 1.2 [7]

MGDG

FAs (GLC), %: 9:0 – 0.2; 10:0 – 0.3; 12:0 – 0.3;

13:0 – 0.3; 14:0 – 7.1; 15:0 – 0.7; 16:0 – 27.2;

16:1 – 1.1; 17:0 – 0.7; 17:1 – 0.7; 18:0 – 6.8; 18:1

– 17.2; 18:2 – 36.8; 18:3 – tr; 20:0 – 0.6 [7]

DGDG

FAs (GLC), %: 9:0 – tr; 10:0 – tr; 12:0 – 0.9;

13:0 – 0.5; 14:0 – 5.6; 15:0 – 1.8; 16:0 – 36.2;

16:1 – 1.4; 17:0 – 1.8; 17:1 – 1.7; 18:0 – 11.9;

18:1 – 7.6; 18:2 – 27.1; 20:0 – 2.5 [7]

Lipids (chloroform-methanol), %: 2.65; 3.33 (seeds

from green fruits); 5.12; 6.43 (seeds from green-

red ripe fruits); 6.33–7.06 (stored seeds, fresh wt)

[16]; 15.0 (dry wt) [1]

FAs

Composition, (GLC, Silar 5CP)%: 16:0 – 12.13;

16:1 – 0.20; 17:0 – 0.23; 17:1 – 0.32; 18:0 –

1.77; 18:1 – 7.82; 18:2 – 75.82; 18:3 – 0.40;

20:0 – 0.22; 20:1 (11) – 0.28; 20:1 (13) – tr [17]

Isomers of 16:1, %: 16:1 (9) – 86.3; 16:1 (7) – 13.7

Isomers of 18:1, %: 18:1 (9) – 91.0; 18:1 (11) – 9.0

10:0 – 0.23; 11:0 – 0.14; 12:0 – 0.06; 13:0 – 0.13;

14:0 – tr; 16:0 – 12.40; 18:0 – 0.20; 18:1 – 5.97;

18:2 – 79.98; others (2) – 0.24; 0.56 (from seed

of mature fruits) [16]

10:0 – 0.03; 11:0 – 0.03; 12:0 – 0.03; 13:0 – 0.03;

14:0 – 0.43; 14:1 – 0.08; 15:0 – 0.12; 16:0 –

22.56; 18:0 – 0.61; 18:1 – 6.04; 18:2 – 70.04

(from seed of green fruits) [16]

Composition of lipids (CC), %: Hydrocarbons +

esters of FAs with sterols – 1.5; TAG – 87.8; free

Capsicum annuum L. 877 Solanaceae
FAs + tocopherols – 3.8; triterpenols + sterols – 2.9;
DAG – 0.5; MAG – tr; GL – 1.2; Phl – 2.3 [18]

Free lipids (hexane), % dry wt: 13.5 [18]

Composition of free lipids (CC), %: Hydrocarbons

+ esters of FAs with sterols – 1.7; TAG – 94.5;

free FAs + tocopherols – 0.7; triterpenols + ste-

rols – 3.1; DAG – tr [18]

FAs (GLC, 17% EGS), %: 9:0 – 0.2; 10:0 – 0.2; 12:0 –

0.2; 13:0 – tr; 14:0 – 0.3; 15:0 – tr; 16:0 – 11.7; 16:1

– 0.5; 17:0 – 0.1; 18:0 – 3.3; 18:1 – 14.5; 18:2 –

68.5; 18:3 – tr; 20:0 – 0.3; 22:0 – tr

Bound lipids (chloroform-methanol), % dry wt: 1.5

[18]

Composition of bound lipids (CC), %: Hydrocar-

bons + esters of FAs with sterols – tr; TAG –

27.0; free FAs + tocopherols – 31.5.8;

triterpenols + sterols – 1.5; DAG – 5.2; MAG –

tr; GL – 11.9; Phl – 22.9 [18]

FAs (GLC, 17% EGS), %: 9:0 – tr; 10:0 – 0.1; 12:0

– 0.3; 13:0 – 0.2; 14:0 – 0.3; 15:0 – tr; 16:0 –

19.7; 16:1 – 0.9; 17:0 – tr; 17:1 – tr; 18:0 – 2.6;

18:1 – 19.4; 18:2 – 55.6; 18:3 – tr; 20:0 – 0.9

Free FAs

Composition (GLC), %: 9:0 – tr; 10:0 – tr; 12:0 – tr;

14:0 – 1.5; 15:0 – 0.8; 16:0 – 32.8; 16:1 – 1.9;

17:0 – 5.1; 17:1 – tr; 18:0 – 12.2; 18:1 – 26.2;

18:2 – 13.5; 20:0 – 2.8; 22:0 – 2.5; 24:0 – 0.7 [18]

DAG

FAs (GLC), %: 9:0 – 0.3; 10:0 – 0.7; 12:0 – 0.4;

13:0 – 0.1; 14:0 – 0.5; 15:0 – 0.1; 16:0 – 15.1;

16:1 – 0.8; 17:0 – tr; 17:1 – tr; 18:0 – 2.5; 18:1 –

13.3; 18:2 – 65.7; 18:3 – tr; 20:0 – 0.5 [18]

GL

FAs (GLC), %: 9:0 – tr; 10:0 – tr; 12:0 – 1.2;

13:0 – 1.6; 14:0 – 6.2; 15:0 – 1.8; 16:0 – 38.2;

16:1 – 0.5; 17:0 – 1.2; 17:1 – 0.4; 18:0 – 10.1;

18:1 – 9.8; 18:2 – 27.9; 20:0 – 1.1 [18]

Phl

FAs (GLC), %: 9:0 – tr; 10:0 – tr; 12:0 – 0.2; 14:0 –

0.3; 15:0 – tr; 16:0 – 20.6; 16:1 – 0.8; 17:0 – 0.4;

17:1 – 0.2; 18:0 – 6.2; 18:1 – 10.8; 18:2 – 60.3;

18:3 – tr; 20:0 – 0.2 [18]

Unsaponifiables

Composition (GLC), %: Triterpenols – 46.0; 4-

monomethylsterols – 6.0; sterols – 31.0; less

polar compounds (hydrocarbons, etc.) – 17.0 [14]

Alkanols C30 – 5.6; C32 – 1.42; C34 – 4.12;

unidentified C34 – 0.85; cholesterol – 1.50;

campesterol – 2.91; stigmasterol – 17.95; b-sitosterol – 40.25; D5-avenasterol – 0.90; D7-

stigmastenol – 23.45; D7-avenasterol – 1.05

(from seed of mature fruits) [16]

Alkanols C30 – 4.77; C32 – 0.48; unidentified C34 –

1.00; unidentified C34 – 2.43; cholesterol – 1.23;

campesterol – 10.85; stigmasterol – 1.50; b-sitosterol – 74.24; D5-avenasterol – 1.57; D7-

stigmastenol – 1.43; D7-avenasterol – 0.50

(from seed of green fruits) [16]

Alkanols C30 – 5.05 – 5.36; C32 – 0.25–0.45;

unidentified C34 – 1.21–1.74; unidentified C34 –

1.68–1.98; cholesterol – 0.79–1.92; campesterol

– 2.09–2.41; stigmasterol – 13.13–13.96; b-sitosterol – 39.98–41.54; D5-avenasterol –

0.66–0.82; D7-stigmastenol – 30.09–31.96; D7-

avenasterol – 1.36–1.79 (from stored seeds) [16]


Carotenoids, mg/ % of lipids: 300.3 [1]; 1062 [2]

Tocopherols, mg/ % of lipids: 57.7, a, b + g and

d-isomers [1]

Triterpenols

Composition (Ag+-PLC, GLC, 3% OV 17), %:

Lanost-8-en-3b-ol – 3.0–20.0; lanosterol – tr –

14.0; methylenelanost-8-en-3b-ol – tr – 1.0;

cycloartanol – 14.0–26.0; cycloartenol – 33.0–

50.0; 24-methylenecycloartanol – 2.0–4.0;

lupeol – tr – 16.0; b-amyrin – tr – 20.0; others

– 1.0–6.0; daturaolone and daturadiol [19, 20]

IR, MS, 1H NMR [19, 20]

4a-Methylsterols

Composition (Ag+-PLC, GLC), %: 31-

Norlanostenol + 4a-methyl zymostenol – 26.0;

lophenol – 30.0; obtusifoliol – 8.0; 31-

norcycloartenol – 3.0; gramisterol – 7.0;

citrostadienol – 10.0; unidentified – 4.0; others

– 12.0 (Korea) [19]

31-Norcycloartanol – 4.0; 31-norcycloartenol – 3.0;

cycloeucalenol – 3.0; 31-norlanost-8-enol –

13.0; 31-norlanosterol – 9.0; obtusifoliol – 6.0;

31-norlanost-9(11)-enol – 5.0; 24-methyl-31-

norlanost-9(11)-enol – tr; 4a-methylcholest-8-

enol – 7.0; lophenol – 23.0; 24-methyllophenol

– tr; 24-ethyllophenol – tr – 2.0; gramisterol –

5.0; citrostadienol – 1.0; 4a,24-dimethyl-

cholesta-7,24-dienol – tr; 4a-methyl-24-

ethylcholesta-7,24-dienol – 1.0; others – 7.0

(California chili) [21]

Solanaceae 878 Capsicum annuum L. var angulosum Mill.

31-Norcycloartanol – 3.0; 31-norcycloartenol – 9.0;

cycloeucalenol – 1.0; 31-norlanost-8-enol – 7.0;

31-norlanosterol – 9.0; obtusifoliol – 3.0; 31-

norlanost-9(11)-enol – 15.0; 24-methyl-31-


enol – 4.0; lophenol – 3.0; 24-methyllophenol –

tr; 24-ethyllophenol – tr; gramisterol – 5.0;

citrostadienol – 5.0; 4a,24-dimethylcholesta-

7,24-dienol – tr; 4a-methyl-24-ethylcholesta-

7,24-dienol – 1.0; others – 8.0 (Takanotsume

tougarashi) [21]

IR, 1H NMR [19, 20]

IR, MS, 1H NMR [21]

Sterols

Composition (GLC, 1.5% OV 17), %: Cholesterol –

9.0; brassicasterol – 1.0; campesterol + 24-

methylenecholesterol – 17.0; stigmasterol –

13.0; b-sitosterol – 45.0; D5-avenasterol – 14.0;

D7-stigmastenol – 1.0; D7-avenasterol – tr [14]

IR, MS, 1H NMR [14]

Stem and Calyces

Oil

FAs

Composition (GLC, 15% EGS), %: 8:0 – tr; 10:0 –

tr; 12:0 – 0.7–1.1; 14:0 – 2.3–3.0; 15:0 – 0.1–0.2;

16:0 – 14.4–15.6; 16:1 – 0.4–0.8; 17:0 – 0.3–0.8;

18:0 – 3.04.3–4.8; 18:1 – 3.9–4.7; 18:2 – 51.3–

60.1; 18:3 + 20:0 – 12.3–17.7; 20:0 – 1.0;

unidentified (2) – 0.5, 0.2 (sweet red pepper) [2]

8:0 – tr; 10:0 – tr; 12:0 – 1.1; 14:0 – 3.3; 15:0 – 0.2;

16:0 – 15.3; 16:1 – 0.6; 17:0 – 0.4; 18:0 – 3.9;

18:1 – 5.2; 18:2 – 55.4; 18:3 + 20:0 – 14.3; 20:0 –

1.0 unidentified (2) – 0.1; 0.2 (hot red pepper) [2]

Use: Food-stuff as sweet and hot peppers [1, 5, 13].

Remedies “Fructus Capsici,” “Tinctura Capsici,”

“Linimentum Capsici ammoniatum,” “Linimentum

Capsici camphoratum” [22].

References

1. D.T. Asilbekova Chem. Nat. Comp. 39, 442 (2003)

2. G.C. Tsatsaronis, A.H. Kehayoglou, J. Am. Oil Chem.

Soc. 48, 365 (1971)

3. L.N. Pilipenko, L.B. Oleinik, V.V. Kozhukhar, Chem. Nat.

Comp. 34, 269 (1998)

4. J.E. Marion, A.H. Dempsey, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 41, 548

(1964)

5. N.P. Bekker, N.T. Ul’chenko, A.I. Glushenkova, Chem. Nat.

Comp. 38, 466 (2002)

6. D.T. Asilbekova, in abs: YII Molod’yezhnaya nauchnaya

shkola-konferentsiya po organicheskoy khimii

(Ekaterinburg, 2004), p. 208 [in Russian]

7. D.T. Asilbekova, Chem. Nat. Comp. 40, 115 (2004)

8. B. Camara, R. Moneger, Phytochemistry 17, 91 (1978)

9. K.A. Buckle, F.M.M. Rahman, J. Chromatogr. 171, 385 (1979)

10. P. Biacs, H.G. Daood, A. Pavisa, F. Hajdu, J. Agric. Food.

Chem. 37, 350 (1989)

11. K.E.B. Parkes, G. Pattenden, M. Baranyai, P. Molnar, J.

Szabolcs, G. Toth, Tetrahedron Lett. 27, 2535 (1986)

12. N.P. Bekker, N.T. Ul’chenko, A.I. Glushenkova, Chem. Nat.

Comp. 37, 131 (2001)


Russian]

14. T.M. Jeoung, T. Itoh, T. Tamura, T. Matsumoto, Lipids

9(11), 921 (1974)

15. V.I. Deineka, L.A. Deineka, Chem. Nat. Comp. 40, 184

(2004)

16. R.S. Farag, A.M. Youssef, A.A. Radwan, A.H. Kheraba, A.I.

Ismail, Fette, Seifen, Anstrichmittel 366 (1982)

17. Von A. Seher, U. Gundlach, Fette, Seifen, Anstrichmittel

84(9), 342 (1982)

18. D.T. Asilbekova, Chem. Nat. Comp. 39, 528 (2003)

19. T.M. Jeoung, T. Itoh, T. Tamura, T. Matsumoto, Lipids 10,

634 (1975)

20. T. Itoh, T. Tamura, T. Matsumoto, Phytochemistry 16, 1723

(1977)

21. T. Itoh, T. Ishii, T. Tamura, T. Matsumoto, Phytochemistry

17, 971 (1978)

22. M.D. Mashkovsky, Lekarstvennye sredstva, vol 1

(Meditsina, Tashkent, 1988), p. 684 [in Russian]

Capsicum annuum L. var angulosum Mill.

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Triterpenols


Lanost-8-en-3b-ol – 10.0; lanosterol – tr;

methylenelanost-8-en-3b-ol – tr; cycloartanol –

21.0; cycloartenol – 33.0; 24-

methylenecycloartanol – 3.0; lupeol – 7.0; b-amyrin – 20.0; others – 6.0 [1]

IR, MS, 1H NMR [1]

4a-Methylsterols


Norcycloartanol – 5.0; 31-norcycloartenol – 1.0;


31-norlanosterol – 2.0; obtusifoliol – 5.0;


norlanost-9(11)-enol – tr; 4a-methylcholest-8-enol

– 8.0; lophenol – 28.0; 24-methyllophenol – tr;

Capsicum frutescens 879 Solanaceae
24-ethyllophenol – 1.0; gramisterol – 4.0;
citrostadienol – 15.0; 4a;24-dimethylcholesta-

7;24-dienol – tr; 4a-methyl-24-ethylcholesta-7;24-

dienol – 1.0; others – 10.0 [2]1H NMR [2]

References


(1977)


17, 971 (1978)

Capsicum annuum L. var cerasiforme Irish

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Triterpenols


Lanost-8-en-3b-ol – 20.0; lanosterol – 14.0;

methylenelanost-8-en-3b-ol – 1.0; cycloartanol –14.0; cycloartenol – 47.0; 24-methylenecy-

cloartanol – 2.0; lupeol – tr; b-amyrin – tr;

others – 2.0 [1]

IR, MS, 1H NMR [1]

4a-Methylsterols


Norcycloartanol – 9.0; 31-norcycloartenol –

2.0; cycloeucalenol – 2.0; 31-norlanost-8-enol –

21.0; 31-norlanosterol – 3.0; obtusifoliol – 6.0;



enol – 10.0; lophenol – 23.0; 24-methyllophenol

– tr; 24-ethyllophenol – tr; gramisterol – 4.0;

citrostadienol – 10.0; 4a,24-dimethylcholesta-

7,24-dienol – tr; 4a-methyl-24-ethylcholesta-

7,24-dienol – tr; others – 8.0 [2]1H NMR [2]

References


(1977)


17, 971 (1978)

Capsicum annuum L. var fasciculatumIrish

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Triterpenols

Composition (Ag+-PLC, GLC on 3% OV 17), %:



26.0; cycloartenol – 49; 24-

methylenecycloartanol – 3.0; lupeol – 15.0; b-amyrin – 2.0; others – 1.0 [1]

IR, MS, 1H NMR [1]

4a-Methylsterols


Norcycloartanol – 2.0; 31-norcycloartenol – tr;


31-norlanosterol – tr; obtusifoliol – tr; 31-

norlanost-9(11)-enol – 19.0; 24-methyl-31-


enol – tr; lophenol – 46.0; 24-methyllophenol –

tr; 24-ethyllophenol – tr; gramisterol – 10.0;

citrostadienol – 11.0; 4a;24-dimethylcholesta-

7;24-dienol – tr; 4a-methyl-24-ethylcholesta-

7.24-dienol – tr; others – 7.0 [2]1H NMR [2]

References


(1977)


17, 971 (1978)

Capsicum frutescens

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Ash, %: 4.6

Mass of 1,000, g: 5.0–5.8

Oil, % dry wt: 17.5–26.1

References

1. F.R. Earle, Q. Jones, Econ. Bot. 16(4), 221 (1962)

Solanaceae 880 Cestrum parquii L. Herit.

Cestrum parquii L. Herit.

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf

Sterols, % dry wt: 0.10

Free sterols, % of total: 37.0

Components: Sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol,

cholesterol

Sterols from esters, % of total: 17.0

Components: Cholesterol, sitosterol, campesterol,

stigmasterol

Sterols from sterylglycosides, % of total: 16.0

Components: Sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol,

cholesterol

Sterols from acylated sterylglycosides, % of total:

30.0

Components: Sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol,

cholesterol (the sterols are listed in order of

decreasing concentration)

References

1. R. Duperon, M. Thiersault, P. Duperon, Phytochemistry 23,

743 (1984)

Chamaesaracha coronopus

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Mass of 1,000, g: 0.04

Oil, % dry wt: 20.3

References

1. F. R. Earle, Q. Jones, Econ. Bot. 16(4), 221 (1962)

Datura alba Wecs.

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Oil, % dry wt: 19.0

FAs

Composition (GLC), %: 14:0 – tr; 16:0 – 23.9; 16:1 –

2.8;18:0 – 2.0; 18:1 – 25.5; 18:2 – 43.3; 18:3 – tr

References

1. M.I. Goryaev, N.A. Evdakova, Spravochnik pogasozhidkostnoi khromatographii organicheskikh kislot(Nauka, Alma Ata, 1977), p. 177 [in Russian]

Datura arborea L.

Family: Solanaceae

Leaves



Components: Stigmasterol, sitosterol, campesterol,

cholesterol



cholesterol


Components: Sitosterol, cholesterol, campesterol,

stigmasterol


15.0


stigmasterol (the sterols are listed in order of


References


743 (1984)

Datura inermis Jacq.

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Oil, % dry wt: 17.5

FAs

Composition (GLC), %: 14:0 – tr; 16:0 – 13.1; 16:1

– tr; 16:2 – tr; 18:0 – 0.6; 18:1 – 30.8; 18:2 –

55.0; 18:3 – tr

Datura meteloides DC. 881 Solanaceae
References

Datura innoxia Mill.

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Oil, % dry wt: 22.0

FAs


– tr; 16:2 – tr; 18:0 – 0.5; 18:1 – 25.2; 18:2 –

61.7; 18:3 – tr

References


Datura metel L.

Synonyms

Datura albaNees; D. fastuosa L. var. alba Hook

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Ash, %: 4.5 (1), 5.6 (2) [1]

Mass of 1,000, g: 11.2 (1) [1]; 14.1 [1–3]

Oil % dry wt: 17.2–19.0 [1–3]; 12.0 [4]

d28: 0.9255 [4]

n28D : 1.4730 [4]

n40D : 1.4662 [2]; 1.4658 [3]

Iodine value,% J2: 109.0 [2]; 110 (Wij’s) [3]; 84.6 [4]

Saponification value, mg KOH: 188 [2]; 179 [3];

189.0 [4]

HBr uptake, as C18 epoxy acid, %: 0.3 [2, 3]

UR [3]

FAs

Composition, %: Saturated – 6.0; 18:1–59.0; 18:2–

30.0; 18:3–0.5 (GLC, 20% LAC-2R 446) [2]

Saturated – 16.0, 18:1–39.0; 18:2–40.0; 18:3–1.0

(GLC, 14% Resoflex 446 and 20% Apiezon L)

[3]

4a-Methylsterols

Composition (Ag+-PLC-PLC, GLC, OV 17 SCOT,

GC/MS, 2% OV 17), %: 31-Norcycloartanol –

tr; 31-norcycloartenol – tr; cycloeucalenol – 4.0;

31-norlanost-8-enol – 1.0; 31-norlanosterol –

2.0; obtusifoliol – 73.0; 4a-14a,24-trimethyl-

cholesta-8.24-dienol – tr, 31-norlanost-9(11)-

enol – 2.0; methylcholest-8-enol – 2.0; lophenol

– 3.0; 24-methyllophenol – tr; 24-ethyllophenol

– tr; gramisterol – tr; citrostadienol – 3.0; 4a-methyl-24-ethylcholesta-7,24-dienol – tr; others

– 10.0 [5]1H NMR [5]

References


2. F.R. Earle, I.A. Wolff, C.A. Glass, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 39,

381 (1962)

3. F.R. Earle, C.A. Glass, G.C. Geisinger, I.A. Wolff, J. Am. Oil

Chem. Soc. 37, 440 (1960)


Russian]


17, 971 (1978)

Datura meteloides DC.

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Ash, %: 4.5 [1]

Mass of 1,000, g: 6.4 [1]

Oil, % dry wt: 21.8 [1]; 21.0 [2]

FAs


– tr; 16:2 – tr; 18:0 – 1.1; 18:1 – 18.9; 18:2 – 67.6

References



Solanaceae 882 Datura quercifolia H.B. et K.

Datura quercifolia H.B. et K.

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Ash, %: 2.7 [1]

Mass of 1,000, g: 4.6 [1]

Oil, % dry wt: 16.1 [1], 17.5 [2]

FAs


– tr; 16:2 – tr; 18:0 – 0.2; 18:1 – 32.8; 18:2 –

54.0; 18:3 – tr [2]

References



Datura sanguinea Riz. et Pav.

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Oil, % dry wt: 18.0

FAs


– tr; 16:2 – tr; 18:0 – 0.9; 18:1 – 20.1; 18:2 – 65.4

References


Datura stramonium L.

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Ash, %: 2.7 (1, 2) [1]

Mass of 1,000, g: 6.5 (1); 7.8 (2) [1]

Oil, % dry wt: 25.8 (1); 22.8 (2) [1]; 16.7–25.0 [2–4]

d15: 0.9130–0.9170 [2]

d20D : 0.9600 [3]

n20D : 1.4748 [3]oE20: 8.95 [3]


Iodine value, % J2: 113.0–126.0 [2]; 130.46 [3]

Saponification value, mg KOH: 186.0–202.0 [2];

182.93 [3]

FAs

Composition (GLC), %: 6:0 – tr; 8:0 – tr; 14:0 –

0.13; 16:0 – 10.88; 16:1 – 0.46; 18:0 – 2.17; 18:1

– 27.01; 18:2 – 58.39; 18:3 – 0.76; others – 0.2

[3, 4]

Triterpenols




tr; cycloartenol – 34.0; 24-methylenecycartanol

– 7.0; lupeol – 2.0; b-amyrin – 53.0; others – 2.0

[5]

IR, MS, 1H NMR [5]

4a-Methylsterols

Composition (Ag+-PLC, GLC, OV 17 SCOT, GC/

MS on 2% OV 17), %: 31-Norcycloartanol – tr;

31-norcycloartenol – 6.0; cycloeucalenol – 9.0;

31-norlanost-8-enol – tr; 31-norlanosterol – 2.0;

obtusifoliol – 13.0; 31-norlanost-9(11)-enol –

1.0; 4a-methylcholest-8-enol – 1.0; lophenol –

6.0; 24-methyllophenol – tr; 24-ethyllophenol –

tr; gramisterol – 43.0; citrostadienol – 13.0;

methyl-24-ethylcholesta-7;24-dienol – tr; others

– 6.0 [6]1H NMR [6]

References



Russian]

3. V.S. Dolya, E.N. Shkurupy, N.S. Fursa, Chem. Nat. Comp. 9,

578 (1973)



(1977)


17, 971 (1978)

Hyoscyamus muticus 883 Solanaceae
Datura sp.
Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Ash, %: 2.7

Mass of 1,000, g: 9.6

Oil, % dry wt: 22.3

References


Duboisia myoporoides R.Br.

Family: Solanaceae

Leaves and Stems

Extract (hexane)

Components: Hentriacontanyl tetratriacontanoate,

6-methyldotriacontane, 3-hydroxydotriacontan-

28-one, 4-pentatriacontanone [1]

Dotriacontanol, tetratriacontanoic acid, 8-

hydroxydotriacontan-30-one, betulinic acid,

ursolic acid (30 mg) [2]

References

1. Y.N. Shukla, R.S. Thakur, Phytochemistry 23, 799 (1984)

2. Y.N. Shukla, R.S. Thakur, Phytochemistry 23, 1516 (1984)

Fabiana imbricata Ruiz and Pavon.

Family: SolanaceaeExtract (percolation with EtOH), kg (from 40 kg the

dried ground tops): 5.0–6.0

A dark residue (partitioned between HCL (1%) and

CHCI3), kg: 1.7

FAs, g (from 100 g a dark residue): 1.90

Components (GLC, OV-17, GC/MS): 22:0, 24:0,

26:0, 28:0, 30:0 22:0 with smaller amounts of

23:0, 25:0, 27:0, 29:0

M.p., IR

Alkanes, mg (from 100 g a dark residue): 800

Components(GLC OV-17, GC/MS): n – C23, n –

C25, n – C27, n – C29 with smaller amounts of n –C24, n – C26, n – C28, n – C31

M.p., IR

References

1. J.E. Knapp, N.R. Farnsworth, M. Theiner, Jr. P.L. Schiff,

Phytochemistry 11, 3091 (1972)

Hyoscyamus albus L.

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf




stigmasterol



stigmasterol


Components: Sitosterol, campesterol, cholesterol,

stigmasterol*


19.0




References


743 (1984)

Hyoscyamus muticus

Family: Solanaceae

Leaves and Stems

Components (from 2.0 kg dried mass), mg:

Tritriacontane – 2,500; 15-hydroxyheneicosanoic

acid – 100; sitosterol – 200; tritriacontan-3-one – 8.0;

Solanaceae 884 Hyoscyamus niger L.

pentatriacontan-3-one – 10.0; 3-hydroxytetra-

triacontan-3-one – 5.0

IR, MS

References

1. A. Goswami, Y.N. Shukla, R.S. Thakur, Phytochemistry 20,

1315 (1981)

Hyoscyamus niger L.

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Oil, %: 30.0–35.3 [1]

d15: 0.9390

d20: 0.9294

n15D : 1.4788

n40D : 1.4702

Iodine value, % J2: 129.5–143.0

Saponification value, mg KOH: 170.8–190.3

FAs

Composition (GLC, 15% PEGS), %: 18:1 – 24.2;

18:2 – 64.1; others – 2.7 [2]

References


Russian]


Lycium barbarum L.

Synonyms

L. halimifolium Mill

Family: Solanaceae

Fruit

Essential Oil (hydrodistillation), % dry wt: 0.09

Composition (GC/MS, HP-Innowax FSC), %: Limo-

nene – 0.2; 1-octen-3-ol – 0.4; (E)-2-nonenal – 0.9;

linalool – 0.2; b-elemene – 5.4; safranal – 0.4;

methyl salicylate – 1.1; (E)-geranylacetone – 1.8;

(E)-b-ionone – 0.5; 2-pentadecanone – 1.3;

heneicosane – 0.2; ethyl hexadecanoate – 4.0;

selin-11-en-4a-ol – 0.3; farnesylacetone – 0.5;

dodecanoic acid – 1.5; ethyl linoleate – 2.5; ethyl

linolenate – 0.9; myristic acid – 4.2; nonacosane –

1.1;hexadecanoicacid–47.5; linoleicacid–9.1[1]

Leaf

Sterols, % dry wt: 0.20 [2]


Components: Sitosterol, isofucosterol, campesterol,

stigmasterol


Components: Sitosterol, isofucosterol, cholesterol,

campesterol



stigmasterol

Sterols from acylated sterylglycosides, % of total: 2.0




Seed

Oil, %: 40.0 [3]


References

1. A. Altintas, M. Kirimer, K.H.C. Baser, B. Demirci, Chem.

Nat. Comp. 42, 24 (2006)


743 (1984)


Russian]

Lycium chinense Mill.

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Triterpenols

Composition (Ag+ – PLC, GLC, 3% OV 17), %:

Lanost-8-en-3b-ol – tr; lanosterol – tr;

Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. 885 Solanaceae
13.0; cycloartenol – 49.0; 24-methylenecy-

cartanol – 38.0; lupeol – tr; b-amyrin – tr [1]

IR, MS, 1H NMR [1]

4a-Methylsterols


MS on 2% OV 17), %: 31-Norcycloartanol – tr;



1.0; obtusifoliol – 6.0; 31-norlanost-9(11)-enol

– 2.0; 4a-methylcholest-8-enol – tr; lophenol –


2.0; gramisterol – 44.0; citrostadienol – 18.0; 4a-methyl-24-ethylcholesta-7,24-dienol – tr; others

– 3.0 [2]1H NMR [2]

References


(1977)


17, 971 (1978)

Lycium ruthenicum

Family: Solanaceae

Fruit

Essential Oil (hydrodistillation), % dry wt: 0.07

Composition (GC/MS, HP-Innowax FSC), %:

Hexadecane – 0.8; (E;E)-2;4-decadienal – 0.8;

(E)-geranylacetone – 1.1; heneicosane – 0.9;

hexahydrofarnesylacetone – 2.7; docosane –

1.5; methyl hexadecanoate – 4.5; ethyl

hexadecanoate – 5.8; tricosane – 2.5;

farnesylacetone – 4.6; tetracosane – 3.9; methyl

linoleate – 5.6; ethyl linoleate – 10.0;

hexacosane – 7.0; phytol – 3.0; heptacosane –

14.3; octacosane – 5.2; nonacosane – 6.2

References

1. A. Altintas, M. Kirimer, K.H. Baser, B. Demirci, Chem. Nat.

Comp. 42, 24 (2006)

Lycium turcomanicum Turez ex Miers.

Family: Solanaceae

Fruit

FAs


14:0 – 6.4; 15:0 – 0.9; 16:0 – 28.3; 16:1 – 14.2;

18:0 – 0.6; 18:1 – 10.5; 18:2 – 34.0; 18:3 – 3.1;

20:0 – 1.1

Seed

FAs


15:0 – tr; 16:0 – 10.5; 16:1 – 0.8; 18:0 – 2.8;

18:1 – 14.6; 18:2 – 66.9; 18:3 – 4.0

References

1. M. Aslanov, M.E. Mamedova, Chem. Nat. Comp. 22, 796

(1986)

Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.

Synonyms

Solanum lycopersicum L.

Family: Solanaceae

Fruit

Lipids (chloroform-methanol, as FA methyl esters),

mg/100 g fresh wt: 44.6–45.6 [1]

GL, mg/100 g fresh wt: 16.3–17.63 (as glucose and

galactose)

PhL, mg/100 g fresh wt: 1.8–1.87 (as phosphorus)

Carotene epoxides

Components (acetone, TLC, CC): Phytoene epox-

ide, z-carotene epoxide, lycopene-1,2-epoxide,

lycopene-5,6-epoxide, mutatochrome, apo-6-

lycopenal, apo-8-lycopenal, lycoxanthin, and

two phyto fluene epoxides (1,2-epoxy-

1,2,7,8,70,80,110,120-octahydro-C,C-carotene and

1,2-epoxy-1,2,7,8,11,12, 70,80-octahydro-C,

C-carotene) [2]

UV, MS [2]

Sterols, mg/100 g fresh wt: 9.14–9.42 [1]

Solanaceae 886 Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.

Flesh

Pigments

Components, nmol/g dry wt: Phytofluene – up to

219.0; lycophyll and lycoxanthin – up to 30.0;

lycopene – up to 2,530.0; b-carotene – 67.0–

209.0; lutein – 32.0–130.0; epoxy lutein – up to

16.0; violaxanthin and auroxanthin – 15.0–73.0;

neoxanthin – up to 27.0; chlorophyll a – up to –

1,455.0; chlorophyll b – up to 296.0; total –

350.0 – 3,021.0 (during growth and repining)

Composition, %: Phytofluene – up to 10.7;

lycophyll and lycoxanthin – up to 2.7; lycopene

– up to 82.9; b-carotene – 3.6–45.1; lutein – 1.1–12.6; epoxy lutein – up to 4.6; violaxanthin and

auroxanthin – 0.9–8.6; neoxanthin – up to 1.8;

chlorophyll a – up to 77.4; chlorophyll b – up to

22.9; total – 99.8–100 [3]

Pulp

Pigments

Components, nmol/g dry wt: Lycophyll and

lycoxanthin – up to 25.0; lycopene – up to

233.0; b-carotene – 67.0–236.0; lutein –

34.0–132.0; epoxy lutein – up to 13.0;

violaxanthin – 21.0–53.0; violaxanthin and

auroxanthin – 15.0–64.0; neoxanthin – 4.0–

36.0; chlorophyll a – tr – 1,455.0; chlorophyll

b – tr – 355.0; total – 290.0–1887.0 (during

growth and repining) [3]

Composition, %: Lycophyll and lycoxanthin – up to

4.4; lycopene – up to 40.9; b-carotene – 3.5–

48.3; lutein – 4.6–36.9; epoxy lutein – up to

4.5; violaxanthin – 1.5–2.8; violaxanthin and

auroxanthin – 1.3–9.3; neoxanthin – 0.3–3.1;

chlorophyll a – tr – 77.1; chlorophyll b – tr –

27.9; total – 99.8–100 [3]

Parenchymatous Tissue

Tocopherols, mg/g fresh wt: a – 0.5; g – 0.32 (whole

tissue) [4]

Flower

Stigma

Usual and v-hydroxy-FAs

Composition (GC/MS, 5% BDS and OV 1), %:

16:0 – 5.0; 18:0 – 3.0; 18:1 – 9.0; 18:2 – 16.0;

18:3 – 6.0; hydroxyl-18:1 – 45.0; hydroxyl-18:2

– 16.0 [5]

Leaf

FAs, % in total lipids: 16:3 (7Z,10Z,13Z) – 13.8 [6]

TAG

FAs (GLC, PE 800) %: 16:0 – 15.1; 16:1(7) +

16:1(9) – tr; 16:2(7,10) – 0.1; 16:3(7,10,13) –

1.6; 18:0 – 6.2; 18:1 – 10.4; 18:2 – 29.6; 18:3 –

37.0; total o – 3 FAs – 38.6 [6]

DAG

FAs, (GLC) %: 16:0 – 44.6; 16:1(7) + 16:1(9) – 0.1;

16:2(7,10) – 0.2; 16:3(7,10,13) – 22.7; 18:0 –

1.8; 18:1 – 1.6; 18:2 – 6.8; 18:3 – 22.2; totalo -3

FAs – 44.9 [6]

MGDG

FAs (GLC), %:16:0 – 2.4; 16:1(7) + 16:1(9) – 0.3;

16:2(7,10) – 0.7; 16:3(7,10,13) – 32.4; 18:0 –

0.3; 18:1 – 0.6; 18:2 – 4.4; 18:3 – 58.9; totalo – 3

FAs – 91.3 [6]

DGDG

FAs (GLC) %: 16:0 – 9.8; 16:1(7) + 16:1(9) – 0.2;

16:2(7,10) – 0.2; 16:3(7,10,13) – 3.3; 18:0 – 1.6;

18:1 – 2.4; 18:2 – 7.1; 18:3 – 75.4; totalo -3 FAs

– 78.7 [6]

PL

FAs (GLC) %: 16:0 – 21.8; 16:1(7) +1 6:1(9) – 0.5;

16:1(3E) – 3.4; 16:2(7,10) – 0.1; 16:3(7,10,13) –1.5; 18:0 – 1.8; 18:1 – 4.1; 18:2 – 34.0; 18:3 –

32.8; total o -3 FAs – 34.3 [6]



Components: Sitosterol, stigmasterol, cholesterol,

campesterol

Sterol from esters, % of total: 8.0


24 – methylenecholesterol

Sterol from sterylglycosides, % of total: 26.0


stigmasterol


56.0


campesterol (the sterols are listed in order of


Pigments

Components, nmol/g dry wt: b-Carotene – 760.0;

lutein – 705.0; violaxanthin – 90.0; flavoxanthin

– 30.0; neoxanthin – 44.0; chlorophyll a –

11,109.0; chlorophyll b – 5,587.0; total –

19,917.0 (during growth and repining) [3]

Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. 887 Solanaceae
Composition, %: b-Carotene – 5.3; lutein – 4.9;
violaxanthin – 0.6; flavoxanthin – 0.2;

neoxanthin – 0.8; chlorophyll a – 61.8; chloro-

phyll b – 26.8; total – 99.9

Chloroplasts

Free FAs, mmol/mg chloroplasts: 0.53 (from chill-

sensitive leaves) [8]

Composition (GLC, 15% EGSS-X), %: 16:0 – 17.1;

16:1 – 6.1; 16:2 – tr; 18:0 – 1.5; 18:1 – 6.1; 18:2 –

9.7; 18:3 – 60.0

Seed

Oil, %: 18.0 [9]; 25.0–30.0 [10–12]

d1515 : 0.9184–0.930 [9, 11, 13, 14]

d25: 0.9184–0.9195 [9]

n25D : 1.4715–1.4794 [9, 11–14]

n40D : 1.4678 [9]

Hehner’s value, %: 96.0–96.5 [13, 14]

Iodine value of Oil, % J2: 109–125 [9, 11–14]

Saponification value, mg KOH: 171.0–197.0 [9,

11–14]

Unsaponifables, %: 0.8–1.4 [12]; 1.74–1.88 [11,

13]

Phosphatides, %: 0.886 [11]

FAs

Composition (GLC), %: 12:0 – 0.98; 13:0 – 0.19;

14:0 – 0.36 – 1.03; 15:0 – 0.36; 16:0 – 9.50 –

13.99; 16:1 – 0.96; 18:0 – 5.01 – 5.83; 18:1 –

31.7 – 22.77; 18:2 – 35.0 – 62.0; 18:3 – 0.8 – 2.5;

20:0 – tr – 2.5 [11–14]

16:0 – 16.26; 16:1 – 0.54; 17:0 – 0.26; 17:1 – 0.64;

18:0 – 5.13; 18:1 – 21.05; 18:2 – 52.06; 18:3 –

1.89; 20:0 – 0.40; 20:1 (11) – 0.29 (Silar 5CP)

[15]

Isomers of 16:1, %: 16:1 (9) – 73.6; 16:1 (7) – 15.9;

16:1 (11) – 10.5

Isomers of 18:1%: 18:1 (9) – 96.2; 18:1 (11) – 3.7;

18:1 (13) – 0.1

Isomers of 20:1, %: 20:1 (11) – 62.9; 20:1 (13) –

37.1

Carotenoids, %: 0.94 [11]

Tocopherols, mg %: 112–150 [11–13]

Composition of oil (CC), %: Hydrocarbons – 0.1–0.3;

b-carotene – tr; acylsterols – tr – 0.4; lycopene – tr;acetyltriterpenols with lycopene – tr; TAG with

lycopene – 80.7–90.9; tocopherols – tr; epoxy-

TAG – tr – 0.8; free FAs – 2.3–12.1; chlorophyll

a – tr; triterpenols – tr – 0.5; DAG with pheophytin

a – 4.3–6.3; free sterols – tr – 0.2; chlorophyll b with

pheophytin b – tr; MAG – 0.2–0.3; unidentified – tr

– 0.8 [10]

TAG

Main components (stereospecific analysis), %:

LPL – 1.2; OOO – 1.3; LOL – 6.6; PLP – 2.0;

OLO – 3.1; LLL – 15.2; PPL – 1.6; POO – 2.1;

POL – 8.2; OOL – 4.8; PLO – 5.1; PLL – 18.9;

OLL – 11.5; LOO – 1.7; OLP – 1.2; LLP – 1.6;

LLO – 3.9 [10]

Composition of TAG (HPLC), mol %: LeLL – 2.5;

LLL + LeLO – 23.6; LeLeP – 1.6; LLO – 17.5;

LLP – 18.7; LOO – 6.9; LLSt + LOP – 15.8; LPP

– 3.9; OOO – 1.7; LOSt + OOP – 3.3; LPSt +

OPP – 2.9; OOSt – 0.7; others – 0.9 [16]

SSS – 0.71; SSU – 3.56; SUS – 7.22; SUU – 36.88;

USU – 4.56; UUU – 47.07 [14]1H NMR [10]

Epoxy-TAG [10]

Usual epoxy-FAs (GLC, 17% PEGS); mol %: 12:0

– 2.3; 13:0 – 1.0; 14:0 – 1.4; 16:0 – 14.2; 16:1 –

2.3; 18:0 – 7.3; 18:1 – 22.3; 18:2 – 46.4; 18:3 –

2.8

Epoxy-FAs (TLC, GLC, 5% SE 30), %: trans-

Epoxy-18:0 – 5.9, cis-epoxy-18:0 – 16.7, 9,10-

epoxy-18:1(12Z) – 39.0, unidentified acids 1 –

15.9, unidentified acid 2 – 10.2, unidentified acid

3 – 8.4, unidentified acid 4 – 3.9

Free FAs

Composition (GLC), %: 14:0 – 0.1; 16:0 – 16.5;

16:1 – 0.6; 17:0 – 0.3; 18:0 – 5.6; 18:1 – 20.0;

18:2 – 55.3; 18:3 – 1.6 [10]

DAG1H NMR [10]

FAs (GLC, 17% PEGS), mol %: 12:0 – 0.8; 13:0 – 0.4;

14:0 – 0.4 16:0 – 9.5; 16:1 – 0.5; 18:0 – 2.5; 18:1 –

17.5; 18:2 – 67.7; 18:3 – 1.3 [10]

MAG1H NMR [10]

FAs (GLC, 17% PEGS), mol %: 10:0 – 1.4; 12:0 – 1.0;

14:0 – 0.6 16:0 – 12.9; 16:1 – 0.9; 17:0 – 0.9; 18:0 –

3.8; 18:1 – 21.9; 18:2 – 55.4; 18:3 – 1.2 [10]

Hydrocarbons:C29 – C33 [10]

MS [10]

Triterpenols

Components: a-and b-Amyrins (MS) [10]



Solanaceae 888 Lycopersicon hirsutum



methylenecycartanol – 1.0; lupeol – tr; b-amyrin

– tr; others – 1.0 [17]

IR, MS, 1H MR [10]

4a-Methylsterols


MS, 2% OV 17), %: 31-norcycloartanol – 2.0;



8.0; obtusifoliol – 2.0; 31-norlanost-9(11)-enol

– tr; 4a-methylcholest-8-enol – 1.0; lophenol –


tr; gramisterol – 8.0; citrostadienol – 23.0; 24-

ethylcholesta-7,24 – dienol – tr; others – 4.0 [18]1H PMR [18]

Sterols

Components (MS): b-Sitosterol (main),

campesterol and sterols with a molecular weight

of 386 and 412 [10]

Use: Food-stuffs [10–12].

References

1. M.J. Fishwick, A.J. Wright, Phytochemistry 16, 1507 (1977)

2. A. Ben-Aziz, G. Britton, T.W. Goodwin, Phytochemistry 12,

2759 (1973)

3. D.L. Martin, J. Quennemet, R. Moneger, Phytochemistry 14,

2357 (1975)

4. R.T. Newton, J.F. Pennock, Phytochemistry 10, 2323 (1971)

5. A. Koiwai, T. Matsuzaki, Phytochemistry, 27, 2827 (1988)

6. G.R. Jamieson, E.H. Reid, Phytochemistry, 10, 1837 (1971)

7. I.R. Duperon, M. Thiersault, P. Duperon, Phytochemistry

23, 743 (1984)

8. J. Gemel, V. Saczynska, Z. Kaniuga, Phytochemistry 28,

1813 (1989)


Russian]

10. N.T. Ul’chenko, E.I. Gigienova, A.U. Umarov, Chem. Nat.

Comp. 19, 262 (1983)

11. V.D. Gioshvili, L.A. Tsulukidze, Masloboyno-jirovayapromyshlennost (1), 6 (1958) [in Russian]

12. A.D. Popov, I.D. Mitsev, Masloboyno-jirovayapromyshlennost, 35 (1965) [in Russian]

13. V.P. Rzhekhin, A.F. Sergeev (eds.), Handbook on Methodsof Investigation, Technical and Chemical Control, andAccounting of Production in the Oils and Fats Industry,vol. 5, Book 1 (VNIIZh (All-Union Scientific Research Insti-

tute of Oils and Fats), Leningrad, 1969), p. 11 [in Russian]

14. A.U. Umarov, A. L. Markman, N.T. Kisapova, Maslo-jirovaya promyshlennost 12 (1971) [in Russian]


84(9), 342 (1982)


(2004)


(1977)


17, 971 (1978)

Lycopersicon hirsutum

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf

Chloroplasts


sensitive leaves), 0.42 (from chill-tolerant

leaves)


16:1 – 4.6; 16:2 – 2.5; 18:0 – 6.4; 18:1 – 6.1; 18:2

– 17.0; 18:3 – 47.1 (chill-sensitive)

16:0 – 8.8; 16:1 – 4.1; 16:2 – 4.9; 18:0 – 39.5; 18:1 –

7.5; 18:2 – 8.8; 18:3 – 26.3 (chill-tolerant)

References

1. J. Gemel, V. Saczynska, Z. Kaniuga, Phytochemistry 28, 1813

(1989)

Lycopersicon pennellii

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf

Trichomes

NL, %: 12.0

PL, %: 8.0

GL

Composition (HPLC, m-Bondapak C18)/ %: a-andb-Anomer of compound 1 – 16.0; a-and b-anomers of 2 and 3 – 25.0; b-anomer of 4 – 7.0;

a-and b anomer of 4 and 5 – 22.0; a-anomer of 5

– 8.0; b-anomer of 6 and 7 – 3.0; a-and b anomer

of 6 and 7, and 8 and 9 – 11.0; a-anomer of 8 and

9 – 4.0

IR, 1H NMR

Mandragora turcomanica Mizger. 889 Solanaceae
FAs
Composition (GC/MS, Silar 10C), %: 2-

Methylpropanoic – 41.4 � 3.3; 2-

methylbutanoic – 4.5 � 2.1; 3-methylbutanoic

– 4.1 � 0.7; 8-methylnonanoic – 31.6 � 2.3; n-decanoic – 10.4 � 1.2; 8-methyldecanoic – 1.2

� 0.3; 10-methylundecanoic – 0.8 � 0.1; n-modecanoic – 3.4 � 0.2

References

1. A. Burke, G. Goldsby, J.B. Mudd, Phytochemistry 26, 2567

(1987)

Lycopersicon peruvianum

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf

Chloroplasts


tolerant leaves)


16:1 – 3.5; 16:2 – tr; 18:0 – 5.0; 18:1 – 5.3; 18:2 –

29.1; 18:3 – 45.6

References


(1989)

Mandragora turcomanica Mizger.

Family: Solanaceae

Fruit Flesh

Lipids, mg/g dry wt: 19.95 [1]

NL, mg/g dry wt: 18.30

GL, mg/g dry wt: 0.98

PhL, mg/g dry wt: 0.67

Composition of lipids, %: Hydrocarbons – 1.4; esters

of alkanols and sterols with FAs + methyl esters –

3.5; TAG – 64.5; alkanols – 1.9; free FAs – 10.5;

DAG – 2.8; sterols – 3.6; MAG – 3.6; steryl

glycoside esters – 0.1; MGDG – 1.5; steryl glyco-

sides – 2.5; DGDG – 0.3; PhL (PhE, PhC, PhI, PhA)

– 3.3

Esters of alkanols, triterpenols and sterols

[MS] [1]

FAs (GLC, 15% Reoplex 400), %: 12:0 – 1.5; 14:0 –

4.0; 15:0 – 1.8; 16:0 – 38.2; 16:1 – 4.5; 17:0 – 1.6;

18:0 – 18.5; 18:1 – 11.1; 18:2 – 7.1; 18:3 – tr; 20:0 –

10.5; 22:0 – 1.2 [1]

Alcohols

Composition (GLC, 5% SE-30), %: Alkanols C20 –

4.5; C22 – 9.6; C23 – 4.8; C24 – 20.4; C25 – 7.3;

C26 – 14.8; C27 – 2.0; C28 – 5.1; C30 – 0.1;

cholesterol and unidentified component – 2.8;

campesterol and lophenol – 13.2; stigmasterol –

0.1; b-sitosterol – 10.8; cycloartanol – 4.5 [1]

TAG

Main components (Coleman), mol %: OLL – 11.8;

LLL – 7.2; PLL – 9.1; OLO – 4.8; PLO – 7.4;

StLO – 2.7; StLO – 2.2; PLP – 2.9; StLP – 1.7;

OOL – 10.1; LOL – 6.2; POL – 7.8; OOO – 4.3;

POO – 6.4; StOL – 2.3; StOO – 1.9; StOP – 1.4

[2]

Composition, %: UUU – 47.7; SUU + UUS – 41.6;

USU – 0.8; SUS – 9.2; SSU + USS – 0.6; SSS –

0.1 [2]

FAs (GLC, 15% Reoplex 400), %: 12:0 – tr; 14:0 –

tr; 16:0 – 15.2; 16:1 – 0.6; 18:0 – 4.7; 18:1 – 35.7;

18:2 – 42.5; 18:3 – 1.3; 20:0 – tr [1]

Free FAs

Composition (GLC, 15% Reoplex 400), %: 12:0 –

tr; 14:0 – 0.6; 15:0 – 0.4; 16:0 – 23.4; 16:1 – 0.4;

17:0 – 1.5; 18:0 – 5.0; 18:1 – 27.1; 18:2 – 32.1;

18:3 – tr; 20:0 – 9.5 [1]

MGDG

FAs (GLC, 15% Reoplex 400), %: 14:0 – 0.5; 15:0

– tr; 16:0 – 37.7; 16:1 – 3.3; 17:0 – tr; 18:0 – 6.0;

18:1 – 21.2; 18:2 – 22.4; 18:3 – 8.9 [1]

DGDG

FAs (GLC, 15% Reoplex 400), %: 14:0 – 1.7; 15:0

– tr; 16:0 – 41.4; 16:1 – 5.7; 17:0 – tr; 18:0 – 9.9;

18:1 – 18.3; 18:2 – 19.2; 18:3 – 3.8 [1]

PhL


2.0; 15:0 – tr; 16:0 – 37.2; 16:1 – 0.9; 17:0 – tr;

18:0 – 6.9; 18:1 – 44.3; 18:2 – 7.3; 18:3 – 1.4 [1]

Triterpenols

Components (MS): Cycloartanol, cycloartenol [1]

Solanaceae 890 Mandragora turcomanica Mizger.

4-a-Methylsterols

Components (MS): Lophenol [1]

Sterols

Components (TLC, MS): b-Sitosterol, stigmasterol,

campesterol, cholesterol [1]

Leaf

Lipids, mg/g dry wt: 46.0 (at flowering) [3]

Components of lipids (CC), %: NL – 43.8; GL –

46.2; PhL – 10.0


FAs


1.7; 15:0 – 0.1; 16:0 – 33.5; 16:1 (9) – tr; 18:0 –

3.1; 18:1 – 6.0; 18:2 – 25.3; 18:3 – 30.3; 20:0 – tr


FAs


0.1; 14:0 – 0.1; 15:0 – tr; 16:0 – 8.1; 16:1 (9) –

0.5; 16:3 (7Z; 10Z; 13Z) – 9.4; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 –

0.2; 18:2 – 3.5; 18:3 – 78.1

Hexadeca (7Z, 10Z, 13Z)-trienoic acid [3]

Ag+-TLC, MS


FAs


0.1; 15:0 – 0.1; 16:0 – 33.7; 16:1 (3E) – tr; 17:0 –

tr; 18:0 – 3.5; 18:1 – 6.0; 18:2 – 30.7; 18:3 – 25.9

Components of NL (TLC): Hydrocarbons, esters of

sterols and triterpenols with FAs, TAG, free

FAs, sterols, monomethylsterols, triterpenols,

MAG and DAG

GL

Composition (TLC), %: MGDG – 52.0; DGDG,

steryl glycosides, and SQDG – 48.0

PhL

Components (TLC), %: PhG, PhE, PhC, PhI, (main)

PhA (tr)

Pigments, % in lipids: Carotenes – 0.3; xanthophylls –

0.4; chlorophylls and pheophytenes – 5.9 [3]

Carotenes

Components (UV): a and b-Carotenes [3]Xanthophylls

Components (UV): Lutein (main) [3]

4-a-Methylsterols

Components (MS): Lophenol [3]

Seed





Composition of lipids, %: Hydrocarbons – 0.2;

esters of alkanols and sterols with FAs + methyl

esters – 3.0; TAG – 85.5; alkanols – 2.0; free FAs

– 1.3; DAG – 1.9; sterols – 1.4; MAG – 0.5;

steryl glycoside esters – 0.2; MGDG – 0.1; steryl

glycosides – 1.4; DGDG – 0.1; PhL (PhE, PhC,

PhI, PhA) – 3.1

TAG

Main components (by Coleman), mol %: OLL –

28.0; LLL – 25.1; PLL – 10.0; OLO – 7.8; PLO

– 5.5; StLO – 2.4; StLO – 1.4; PLP – 1.0; OOL –

5.7; LOL – 5.1; POL – 2.0; OOO – 1.6; POO –

1.1 [2];

Composition, %: UUU – 74.8; SUU + UUS – 23.3;

USU – 0.4; SUS – 1.7 [2]


6.8; 16:1 – 0.5; 18:0 – 1.8; 18:1 – 26.4; 18:2 –

64.5; 18:3 – tr; 20:0 – tr [1]

Free FAs


tr; 16:0 – 6.9; 16:1 – 0.3; 18:0 – 0.8; 18:1 – 17.6;

18:2 – 74.4 [1]

ESG

FAs (GLC), %: 14:0 – 0.7; 16:0 – 50.2; 16:1 – 3.7;

18:0 – 8.0; 18:1 – 22.7; 18:2 – 14.7; 18:3 – tr [1]

PhL

FAs (GLC), %: 14:0 – 0.8; 16:0 – 31.4; 16:1 – 0.6;

18:0 – 3.3; 18:1 – 25.8; 18:2 – 38.1; 18:3 – tr [1]

Tuberous Root





Composition of lipids (CC), %: Hydrocarbons – 5.4;

esters of alkanols triterpenols and sterols – 3.9;

TAG – 20.7; oxo-TAG 0.1, free FAs – 8.9; high

molecular alcohols – 13.5; hydroxy TAG – 0.1;

1,2(1,3)-DAG – 0.6; triterpenols, methyl sterols

and sterols – 10.1; MAG – 1.4; sterylglycoside

esters – 5.7; MGDG – 11.9; sterylglycosides – 4.1;

DGDG – 6.4; PhL – 7.2

Esters of alkanols, triterpenols and sterols with FAs

Composition, %: Saturated (C38-52 – H76-104 O2) and

unsaturated (C42H82O2, C44H86O2, – C46H90-

88O2 and C48H94-92O2) wax esters esters of

Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaerth. 891 Solanaceae
b-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, choles-
terol, lophenol, a and b-amyrin, cycloartenol

and 24-methylenecycloartenol [4]

FAs(GLC), %: 14:0 – 1.3; 16:0 – 35.6; 16:1 – 3.3;

17:0 – tr; 18:0 – 7.2; 18:1 – 37.6; 18:2 – 4.4; 20:0

– 5.7; 21:0 – 1.9; 22:0 – 3.0

TAG

MS [5]

Main components (Coleman), %: LOO – 20.5; LOL

– 17.8; LOP – 8.0; LOLe – 6.0; LOSt – 4.2;

LOPo + LPoO – 1.4; OLA – 1.3; OOO – 6.2;

OOP – 3.8; OOLe – 2.0; OOSt – 1.9; LeOP – 1.4;

POP – 1.4; POSt – 1.0; OLL – 2.1; LLL – 1.8;

OStL – 1.5; LStL – 1.2; OPL – 2.6; LPL – 2.2;

LPP – 1.2; LPLe – 1.0; [5]

Composition, %: SUU + SUU – 24.6; USU – 10.3;

SUS – 3.0; SSS – 2.4; UUU – 59.7 [5]

FAs (GLC, 15% Reoplex 400), mol %: 14:0 – 0.2;

15:0 – 0.4; 16:0 – 9.3; 16:1 – 0.9; 17:0 – 0.5; 17:1

– 0.2; 18:0 – 4.4; 18:1 – 43.7; 18:2 – 33.8; 18:3 –

5.5; 19:0 – tr; 20:0 – 1.1; 20:1 – tr [5]

Free FAs


0.4; 15:0 – 0.2; 16:0 – 46.2; 16:1 – 1.8; 17:0 –

1.7; 17:1 – 0.9; 18:0 – 8.8; 19:0 – tr; 18:1 – 16.2;

18:2 – 19.3; 18:3 – 3.1; 20:0 – 1.4 [4]

DAG

FAs (GLC), %: 14:0 – 1.0; 15:0 – tr; 16:0 – 28.3;

16:1 – 1.8; 17:0 – 0.3; 17:1 – 0.7; 18:0 – 10.6;

18:1 – 35.1; 18:2 – 20.0; 18:3 – 1.2; 20:0 – 1.0 [4]

MAG

FAs (GLC), %: 14:0 – 1.0; 15:0 – 0.9; 16:0 – 23.4;

16:1 – 1.8; 17:0 – 0.4; 17:1 – 1.4; 18:0 – 10.2;

18:1 – 33.6; 18:2 – 22.7; 18:3 – 4.6; 20:0 – tr [4]

ESG

FAs (GLC), %: 14:0 – 1.4; 15:0 – 2.1; 16:0 – 44.0;

16:1 – 3.9; 17:0 – tr; 17:1 – 0.8; 18:0 – 5.5; 18:1 –

32.3; 18:2 – 4.5; 18:3 – tr; 20:0 – 5.5 [4]

MGDG

FAs (GLC), %: 14:0 – 1.3; 15:0 – tr; 16:0 – 32.1;

16:1 – 3.7; 17:0 – tr; 17:1 – 2.7; 18:0 – 11.8; 18:1

– 12.0; 18:2 – 31.6; 18:3 – 4.8; 20:0 – tr [4]

DGDG

FAs (GLC), %: 14:0 – 2.9; 15:0 – tr; 16:0 –

37.8; 16:1 – 2.3; 17:0 – 1.2; 17:1 – 2.7;

18:0 – 8.9; 18:1 – 12.9; 18:2 – 27.8; 18:3 – 3.5;

20:0 – tr [4]

PhL

Components (TLC): PhE, PhC, PhI, PhA [4]

FAs (GLC), %: 14:0 – 0.4; 15:0 – tr; 16:0 – 26.3;

16:1 – tr; 17:0 – tr; 18:0 – 4.8; 18:1 – 19.7; 18:2 –

46.9; 18:3 – 1.9

Hydrocarbons

Components (TLC, UV,MS):Monoenic, dienic and

trienic C21-C33 and only odd saturated C27-C33

hydrogenes, and alkylbenzenes

Alkanols

Components (MS): C20-C30 (as free and esters with

FAs) [4]

Free sterols

Composition (GLC, 5% SE-30, Ag+-TLC), %:

Cholesterol – 4.3; campesterol and lophenol –

9.7; stigmasterol and cycloartanol – 13.5;

b-sitosterol – 15.5; b-amyrin + gramisterol – 6.2;

cycloartenol – 25.8; 25-methylenecycloartanol –

15.5; citrostadienol – 9.5 [4]

References

1. D.T. Asilbekova, A.I. Glushenkova, Chem. Nat. Comp. 34,

664 (1998)

2. D.T. Asilbekova, A.I. Glushenkova, Chem. Nat. Comp. 35,

291 (1999)

3. D.T. Asilbekova, H.R. Nuriddinov, A.M. Nigmatullaev, E.T.

Akhmedov, Past. Resursy (2), 61 (2004) [in Russian]

4. D.T. Asilbekova, C.D. Gusakova, Y.M. Murdakhaev, A.I.

Glushenkova, Chem. Nat. Comp. 30, 566 (1994)

5. C.D. Gusakova, D.T. Asilbekova, Chem. Nat. Comp. 33, 441

(1997)

Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaerth.

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf

Sterols % dry wt: 0.11 [1]



cholesterol


Components: Campesterol, sitosterol, cholesterol,

stigmasterol


Components: Sitosterol, campesterol, Cholesterol,

stigmasterol

Sterols from acylated sterylglycosides, % of total: 9.0




Solanaceae 892 Nicotiana acuminatum

Seed

Oil, %: 21.0–24.0 [2]

Acid value, mg KOH: 1.8

Iodine value, % J2: 127.0–138.0

Saponification value, mg KOH: 187.5

References


743 (1984)

2. N. I. Sharapov, Oil Plants and the Process of Oil formation(AS USSR Press, Мoskwa-Leningrad, 1959), p. 352 [in

Russian]

Nicotiana acuminatum

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



16:0 – 1.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 13.0; 18:2 – 6.0;

18:3 – 3.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 46.0; hydroxyl-18:2 –

31.0 [1]

Leaf

FAs, mg/g dry wt: 34.8 [2]

Composition (GLC, 5% BDS), %: 16:0 – 15.2; 16:1

– 6.8; 16:3 – 4.2; 18:0 – 2.5; 18:1 – 1.1; 18:2 –

13.5; 18:3 – 56.7

Alkanes (GC): n-C27 – n-C33, iso-C29 – iso-C33,

anteiso-C30–anteiso-C33 [3]

Main compounds: n-C29, anteiso-C30 (>10%)

Seed


Composition (GLC, 5%DEGS), %: 16:0 – 7.7; 18:0

– 1.4; 18:1 – 13.3; 18:2 – 76.7; 18:3 – 0.9

References

1. A. Koiwai, T. Matsuzaki, Phytochemistry 27, 2827 (1988)

2. A. Koiwai, F. Suzuki, T. Matsuzaki, N. Kawashima, Phyto-

chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

3. V. Heemann, U. Brummer, C. Paulsen, F. Seehofer, Phyto-

chemistry 22, 133 (1983)

Nicotiana affinis

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Ash, %: 4.0

Mass of 1,000, g: 0.1

Oil, % dry wt: 39.2

HBr uptake, as C18 acid, % 4.8

References


Nicotiana africana

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf



– 7.0; 16:3 – 5.1; 18:0 – 2.1; 18:1 – 3.7; 18:2 –

11.1; 18:3 – 53.5

Alkanes (GC): n-C27 – n-C33 iso-C29 - iso-C33,

anteiso-C30 – anteiso-C33 [2]

Main compounds: n-C29, n-C31, anteiso-C30 (>10%)

Seed



– 2.7; 18:1 – 20.9; 18:2 – 64.6; 18:3 – 4.7

References


chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)


chemistry 22, 133 (1983)

Nicotiana alata

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



16:0 – 3.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 17.0; 18:2 – 35.0;

Nicotiana attenuata 893 Solanaceae
18:3 – 6.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 13.0; hydroxy-18:2 –
25.0 [1]

Leaf



– 6.1; 16:3 – 5.2; 18:0 – 3.0; 18:1 – 1.0; 18:2 –

12.2; 18:3 – 57.1

Alkanes (GC):): n-C27 – n-C33, iso-C29 – iso-C33,


Main compounds: n-C31, iso-C31, anteiso-C32

(>10%)

Seed



– 4.0; 18:1 – 9.9; 18:2 – 76.9; 18:3 – 2.4

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)


chemistry 22, 133 (1983)

Nicotiana amplexicaulis

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma


Composition (GC/MS, 5% BDS and OV 1), %: 16:0

– 3.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 29.0; 18:2 – 5.0; 18:3 –

7.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 49.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 7.0 [1]

Leaf



– 6.3; 16:3 – 4.4; 18:0 – 3.0; 18:1 – 1.7; 18:2 –

5.0; 18:3 – 62.8

Seed



– 3.5; 18:1 – 19.5; 18:2 – 44.6; 18:3 – 22.6

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana arentsii

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 1.0; 18:0 + 18:1 – 26.0; 18:2 – 15.0; 18:3 – 2.0;

hydroxy-18:1 – 36.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 20.0 [1]

Leaf



– 6.0; 16:3 – 4.1; 18:0 – 2.2; 18:1 – 2.7; 18:2 –

11.8; 18:3 – 58.9

Seed



– 2.1; 18:1 – 11.7; 18:2 – 76.2; 18:3 – 1.0

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana attenuata

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 2.0; 18:0 + 18:1 – 22.0; 18:2 – 8.0; 18:3 – 4.0;

hydroxy-18:1 – 50.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 14.0 [1]

Solanaceae 894 Nicotiana benavidesii

Leaf



– 6.3; 16:3 – 5.0; 18:0 – 2.7; 18:1 – 1.1; 18:2 –

13.7; 18:3 – 56.3

Seed



– 1.9; 18:1 – 14.3; 18:2 – 76.2; 18:3 – 0.5

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana benavidesii

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 3.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 18.0; 18:2 – 6.0; 18:3 –

2.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 49.0; hydroxy-18:2 –

21.0 [1]

Leaf



– 5.9; 16:3 – 4.1; 18:0 – 2.0; 18:1 – 1.9; 18:2 –

8.5; 18:3 – 60.3

Seed



– 2.7; 18:1 – 13.5; 18:2 – 75.3; 18:3 – 0.9

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana benthamiana

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf

FAs, mg/g dry wt: 44.1


– 6.8; 16:3 – 4.9; 18:0 – 2.8; 18:1 – 2.8; 18:2 –

5.7; 18:3 – 60.6

Seed


Composition (GLC, 5% DEGS), %: 16:0 – 12.2;

18:0 – 2.6; 18:1 – 17.5; 18:2 – 66.1; 18:3 – 1.6

References


chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana bigelovii

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 1.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 26.0; 18:2 – 5.0; 18:3 – 2.0;

hydroxy-18:1 – 54.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 12.0 [1]

Leaf



– 6.0; 16:3 – 4.8; 18:0 – 1.8; 18:1 – 2.0; 18:2 –

11.4; 18:3 – 58.6

Seed



– 1.7; 18:1 – 12.6; 18:2 – 76.9; 18:3 – 0.6

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana cordifolia 895 Solanaceae
Nicotiana bonariensis
Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



16:0 – 1.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 15.0; 18:2 – 20.0;

18:3 – 2.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 28.0; hydroxy-18:2 –

34.0 [1]

Leaf



– 4.3; 16:3 – 5.6; 18:0 – 2.6; 18:1 – 0.7; 18:2 –

11.7; 18:3 – 59.6

Seed



– 3.4; 18:1 – 9.6; 18:2 – 76.9; 18:3 – 2.0

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana cavicola

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 3.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 21.0; 18:2 – 5.0; 18:3 –

6.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 54.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 10.0 [1]

Leaf



– 5.8; 16:3 – 7.7; 18:0 – 3.8; 18:1 – 1.3; 18:2 –

9.0; 18:3 – 56.6

Seed



– 2.8; 18:1 – 19.2; 18:2 – 58.4; 18:3 – 10.7

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana clevelandii

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 6.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 20.0; 18:2 – 11.0; 18:3 –

10.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 42.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 10.0 [1]

Leaf



– 7.3; 16:3 – 5.8; 18:0 – 3.0; 18:1 – 1.2; 18:2 –

13.0; 18:3 – 52.2

Seed



– 3.1; 18:1 – 12.3; 18:2 – 73.8; 18:3 – 0.9

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana cordifolia

Family: Solanaceae

Seed



– 2.2; 18:1 – 15.1; 18:2 – 73.4; 18:3 – 1.1

Solanaceae 896 Nicotiana corymbosa

References


chemistry, 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana corymbosa

Family: Solanaceae

Flower



– 3.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 14.0; 18:2 – 7.0; 18:3 –

5.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 49.0; hydroxy-18:2 –

22.0 [1]

Leaf



– 2.2; 16:3 – 4.6; 18:0 – 1.7; 18:1 – 1.5; 18:2 –

14.1; 18:3 – 60.4

Seed



– 1.6; 18:1 – 14.7; 18:2 – 72.7; 18:3 – 1.4

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana debneyi

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



16:0 – 4.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 22.0; 18:2 – 10.0;

18:3 – 5.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 43.0; hydroxy-18:2 –

15.0 [1]

Leaf



– 7.0; 16:3 – 5.2; 18:0 – 3.0; 18:1 – 1.0; 18:2 –

8.7; 18:3 – 58.1

Seed



– 3.1; 18:1 – 14.0; 18:2 – 59.1; 18:3 – 14.0



Main compounds: n-C31, n-C33,iso-C31, anteiso-C32

(>10%)

References

1. A. Koiwai, T. Matsuzaki, Phytochemistry, 27, 2827 (1988)


chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)


chemistry 22, 133 (1983)

Nicotiana excelsior

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 1.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 28.0; 18:2 – 4.0; 18:3 –

2.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 58.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 7.0 [1]

Leaf



– 7.3; 16:3 – 7.1; 18:0 – 3.5; 18:1 – 1.4; 18:2 –

6.3; 18:3 – 56.9

Seed



– 3.0; 18:1 – 18.5; 18:2 – 44.5; 18:3 – 24.1

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana glauca 897 Solanaceae
Nicotiana exigua
Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 5.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 18.0; 18:2 – 4.0; 18:3 –

7.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 57.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 8.0 [1]

Leaf



– 6.7; 16:3 – 7.7; 18:0 – 1.9; 18:1 – 1.7; 18:2 –

11.4; 18:3 – 54.9

Seed



– 3.1; 18:1 – 15.8; 18:2 – 45.0; 18:3 – 26.7

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana forgetiana

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 1.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 18.0; 18:2 – 26.0; 18:3 –

2.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 23.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 30.0 [1]

Leaf



– 5.8; 16:3 – 4.5; 18:0 – 2.9; 18:1 – 2.0; 18:2 –

11.8; 18:3 – 57.4

Seed



18:0 – 3.4; 18:1 – 10.7; 18:2 – 77.0; 18:3 – 2.2

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana fragrance

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 4.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 18.0; 18:2 – 6.0; 18:3 –

4.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 58.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 9.0 [1]

Leaf



– 7.1; 16:3 – 5.9; 18:0 – 2.5; 18:1 – 1.8; 18:2 –

10.6; 18:3 – 55.7

Seed



18:0 – 3.8; 18:1 – 11.7; 18:2 – 57.8; 18:3 – 16.7

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana glauca

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



16:0 – 3.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 26.0; 18:2 – 9.0;

18:3 – 3.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 45.0; hydroxy-18:2 –

13.0 [1]

Solanaceae 898 Nicotiana glutinosa

Leaf



– 6.8; 16:3 – 7.4; 18:0 – 1.7; 18:1 – 1.8; 18:2 –

17.3; 18:3 – 50.2



Main compounds: n-C31 (>10%)

Seed



18:0 – 2.3; 18:1 – 14.5; 18:2 – 70.0; 18:3 – 2.4

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)


chemistry 22, 133 (1983)

Nicotiana glutinosa

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 5.0; 18:0 – 2.0; 18:1 – 16.0; 18:2 – 9.0; 18:3 –

9.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 45.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 14.0 [1]

Leaf



– 7.4; 16:3 – 6.3; 18:0 – 1.8; 18:1 – 0.9; 18:2 –

8.9; 18:3 – 58.6

Seed



18:0 – 2.7; 18:1 – 16.2; 18:2 – 70.2; 18:3 – 0.4

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana goodspeedii

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma


Composition (GC/MS, 5% BDS and OV 1); %: 16:0

– 2.0; 18:0 + 18:1– 10.0; 18:2 – 2.0; 18:3 – 3.0;

hydroxy-18:1 – 76.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 7.0 [1]

Leaf



– 4.5; 16:3 – 2.6; 18:0 – 4.3; 18:1 – 2.1; 18:2 –

18.8; 18:3 – 50.1

Seed



18:0 – 3.3; 18:1 – 20.0; 18:2 – 33.3; 18:3 – 33.3

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana gossei

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 1.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 16.0; 18:2 – 2.0; 18:3 –

2.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 71.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 8.0 [1]

Leaf



– 4.8; 16:3 – 4.2; 18:0 – 3.6; 18:1 – 1.6; 18:2 –

10.2; 18:3 – 57.1

Seed



– 3.2; 18:1 – 21.2; 18:2 – 44.0; 18:3 – 22.1

Nicotiana kawakamii 899 Solanaceae
References


chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana hesperis

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



16:0 – 7.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 14.0; 18:2 – 7.0;

18:3 – 11.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 46.0; hydroxy-18:2 –

14.0 [1]

Leaf



– 5.8; 16:3 – 4.3; 18:0 – 3.2; 18:1 – 1.7; 18:2 –

12.2; 18:3 – 56.1

Seed



18:0 – 2.5; 18:1 – 17.0; 18:2 – 51.5; 18:3 – 18.5

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana ingulba

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 2.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 11.0; 18:2 – 2.0; 18:3 –

4.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 74.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 7.0 [1]

Leaves



– 6.3; 16:3 – 4.3; 18:0 – 3.3; 18:1 – 1.3; 18:2 –

7.7; 18:3 – 58.9

Seed


Composition (GLC, 5% DEGS), %: 16:0 –

11.4; 18:0 – 2.5; 18:1 – 13.9; 18:2 – 62.7;

18:3 – 9.5

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana kawakamii

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



16:0 – 4.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 35.0; 18:2 – 11.0;

18:3 – 5.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 33.0; hydroxy-18:2 –

11.0 [1]

Leaves



– 7.1; 16:3 – 5.5; 18:0 – 2.4; 18:1 – 1.7; 18:2 –

11.6; 18:3 – 55.7

Seed



– 2.0; 18:1 – 13.9; 18:2 – 74.9; 18:3 – 0.5

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Solanaceae 900 Nicotiana knightiana

Nicotiana knightiana

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf



– 6.9; 16:3 – 6.5; 18:0 – 2.4; 18:1 – 2.8; 18:2 –

8.4; 18:3 – 56.9



Main compounds: n-C31, n-C33, iso-C29, iso-C31,

anteiso-C30 (>10%)

Seed



– 2.4; 18:1 – 13.1; 18:2 – 73.9; 18:3 – 0.9

References


chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)


chemistry 22, 133 (1983)

Nicotiana langsdorffii

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 3.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 19.0; 18:2 – 27.0; 18:3 –

6.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 10.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 25.5

[1]

Leaf



– 6.4; 16:3 – 5.6; 18:0 – 2.8; 18:1 – 0.8; 18:2 –

10.1; 18:3 – 59.1



Main compounds: n-C31, n-C33, iso-C31, iso-C33

(>10%)

Seed



– 2.8; 18:1 – 11.6; 18:2 – 75.7; 18:3 – 1.8

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)


chemistry 22, 133 (1983)

Nicotiana linearis

Family: Solanaceae

Seed



– 1.7; 18:1 – 15.7; 18:2 – 74.1; 18:3 – 0.6

References


chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana longiflora

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf



– 4.4; 16:3 – 6.3; 18:0 – 3.3; 18:1 – 1.6; 18:2 –

13.4; 18:3 – 53.8



Main compounds: n-C29, n-C31, n-C33, iso-C31

(>10%)

Seed



18:0 – 3.0; 18:1 – 11.4; 18:2 – 75.0; 18:3 – 2.1

Nicotiana nesophila 901 Solanaceae
References

chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

2. V. Koiwai, U. Brummer, C. Paulsen, F. Seehofer, Phytochem-

istry 22, 133 (1983)

Nicotiana maritima

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 4.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 20.0; 18:2 – 4.0; 18:3 –

5.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 59.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 8.0 [1]

Leaves



– 5.4; 16:3 – 4.1; 18:0 – 3.8; 18:1 – 1.6; 18:2 –

9.7; 18:3 – 57.4

Seed



– 2.6; 18:1 – 18.8; 18:2 – 31.1; 18:3 – 38.4

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana megalosiphon

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 3.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 21.0; 18:2 – 3.0; 18:3 –

4.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 64.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 5.0 [1]

Leaf



– 5.8; 16:3 – 3.6; 18:0 – 3.2; 18:1 – 1.5; 18:2 –

10.2; 18:3 – 57.1

Alkanes (GC): n-C27 – n-C33, iso-C29 – iso-C33;


Main compounds: n-C29, n-C31, n-C33, iso-C31,

anteiso-C30, anteiso-C32 (>10%)

Seed



18:0 – 2.5; 18:1 – 14.4; 18:2 – 64.8; 18:3 – 7.9

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)


chemistry 22, 133 (1983)

Nicotiana miersii

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf



– 6.7; 16:3 – 5.6; 18:0 – 2.2; 18:1 – 1.0; 18:2 –

14.1; 18:3 – 55.6

Seed



– 1.9; 18:1 – 11.4; 18:2 – 76.0; 18:3 – 0.8

References


chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana nesophila

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



16:0 – 4.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 7.0; 18:2 – 5.0;

Solanaceae 902 Nicotiana noctiflora

18:3 – 5.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 64.0; hydroxy-18:2 –

14.0 [1]

Seed


Composition (GLC, 5% DEGS), %: 16:0 –

10.0; 18:0 – 4.6; 18:1 – 10.3; 18:2 – 70.2;

18:3 – 4.9

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana noctiflora

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf



– 5.7; 16:3 – 6.2; 18:0 – 2.9; 18:1 – 1.7; 18:2 –

13.1; 18:3 – 54.0

Seed



– 3.0; 18:1 – 20.0; 18:2 – 45.4; 18:3 – 23.4

Steryl esters, % total FAs: 7.4 (as FAs)

FAs(GLC, 5% DEGS), %: 16:0 – 1.0; 18:0 – 0.3;

18:1 – 1.2; 18:2 – 3.6; 18:3 – 1.3

TAG, % total FAs: 72.5 (as FAs)

FAs(GLC), %: 16:0 – 6.2; 18:0 – 2.0; 18:1 – 14.0;

18:2 – 32.8; 18:3 – 17.5

DAG, % total FAs: 8.2 (as FAs)

FAs(GLC), %: 16:0 – 1.1; 18:0 – 0.8; 18:1 – 1.4;

18:2 – 3.4; 18:3 – 1.5

PL, % total FAs: 11.9 (as FAs)

FAs(GLC), %: 16:0 – 2.7; 18:0 – 0.8; 18:1 – 1.9;

18:2 – 4.7; 18:3 – 1.8

References


chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana nudicaulis

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



16:0 – 3.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 25.0; 18:2 – 12.0;

18:3 – 5.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 39.0; hydroxy-18:2 –

15.0 [1]

Leaves



– 7.2; 16:3 – 7.2; 18:0 – 2.2; 18:1 – 1.2; 18:2 –

12.7; 18:3 – 52.5

Seed



– 2.9; 18:1 – 12.9; 18:2 – 71.3; 18:3 – 5.0

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana occidentalis

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



16:0 – 4.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 23.0; 18:2 – 6.0;

18:3 – 8.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 49.0; hydroxy-18:2 –

10.0 [1]

Leaves



– 5.3; 16:3 – 4.7; 18:0 – 2.9; 18:1 – 1.7; 18:2 –

12.2; 18:3 – 55.6

Nicotiana pauciflora 903 Solanaceae
Seed


18:0 – 2.3; 18:1 – 16.9; 18:2 – 64.7; 18:3 – 2.4

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana otophora

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 3.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 41.0; 18:2 – 5.0; 18:3 –

4.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 41.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 5.0 [1]

Leaves



– 2.7; 16:3 – 5.2; 18:0 – 2.6; 18:1 – 1.3; 18:2 –

10.0; 18:3 – 63.4

Seed



18:0 – 1.7; 18:1 – 12.5; 18:2 – 74.6; 18:3 – 0.6

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana paniculata

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



16:0 – 2.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 46.0; 18:2 – 10.0;

18:3 – 3.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 30.0; hydroxy-18:2 –

8.0 [1]

Leaf



– 7.0; 16:3 – 6.0; 18:0 – 2.7; 18:1 – 2.8; 18:2 –

8.0; 18:3 – 56.4



Main compounds: n-C31, iso-C29, iso-C31, and

anteiso-C30 (>10%)

Seed



18:0 – 2.7; 18:1 – 15.6; 18:2 – 70.3; 18:3 – 1.2

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)


chemistry 22, 133 (1983)

Nicotiana pauciflora

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma

Usual and v-hydroxy-FA


– 1.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 17.0; 18:2 – 6.0; 18:3 – 2.0;

hydroxy-18:1 – 50.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 24.0 [1]

Leaf



– 4.6; 16:3 – 3.1; 18:0 – 2.2; 18:1 – 1.3; 18:2 –

17.1; 18:3 – 57.7

Seed



– 1.5; 18:1 – 14.3; 18:2 – 74.7; 18:3 – 1.0

Solanaceae 904 Nicotiana petunioides

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana petunioides

Family: Solanaceae

Seed



– 2.6; 18:1 – 17.4; 18:2 – 70.3; 18:3 – 1.1

References


chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana plumbaginifolia

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



16:0 – 3.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 10.0; 18:2 – 9.0;

18:3 – 3.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 51.0; hydroxy-18:2 –

23.0 [1]

Leaves



– 6.6; 16:3 – 6.7; 18:0 – 2.3; 18:1 – 2.4; 18:2 –

15.2; 18:3 – 51.4


anteiso-C30, anteiso-C33 [3]

Main compounds: -n-C29, C31 (>10%)

Seed



– 3.4; 18:1 – 11.2; 18:2 – 73.1; 18:3 – 2.5

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)


chemistry 22, 133 (1983)

Nicotiana raimondii

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 2.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 27.0; 18:2 – 6.0; 18:3 –

2.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 49.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 13.0

[1]

Leaf



– 7.0; 16:3 – 5.8; 18:0 – 2.4; 18:1 – 2.1; 18:2 –

10.2; 18:3 – 57.5

Seed



– 2.0; 18:1 – 15.3; 18:2 – 72.1; 18:3 – 1.1

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana repanda

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



16:0 – 4.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 6.0; 18:2 – 5.0;

Nicotiana rustica L. 905 Solanaceae
18:3 – 5.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 72.0; hydroxy-18:2 –
7.0 [1]

Leaf



– 6.4; 16:3 – 4.2; 18:0 – 2.7; 18:1 – 0.8; 18:2 –

15.1; 18:3 – 54.1



Main compounds: n-C29, n-C31, iso-C29, anteiso-

C30 (>10%)

Seed



– 4.7; 18:1 – 11.4; 18:2 – 72.9; 18:3 – 3.9

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)


chemistry 22, 133 (1983)

Nicotiana rosulata

Family: Solanaceae

Flowers

Stigma



– 3.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 13.0; 18:2 – 3.0; 18:3 –

4.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 68.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 9.0 [1]

Leaf



– 5.5; 16:3 – 4.6; 18:0 – 3.4; 18:1 – 1.3; 18:2 –

7.3; 18:3 – 60.0

Seed



18:0 – 3.2; 18:1 – 20.3; 18:2 – 39.7; 18:3 – 26.4

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana rotundifolia

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf



– 6.3; 16:3 – 5.4; 18:0 – 2.4; 18:1 – 1.6; 18:2 –

10.3; 18:3 – 57.7

Seed



– 2.2; 18:1 – 22.8; 18:2 – 29.2; 18:3 – 36.2

Steryl esters, % total FAs: 3.8 (as FAs)

FAs(GLC), %: 16:0 – 1.1; 18:0 – 0.1; 18:1 – 0.5;

18:2 – 1.3; 18:3 – 0.8

TAG, % total FAs: 87.6 (as FAs)

FAs(GLC, 5% DEGS), %: 16:0 – 8.1; 18:0 – 1.6;

18:1 – 18.3; 18:2 – 29.4; 18:3 – 30.2

DAG, % total FAs: 3.7 (as FAs)

FAs(GLC), %: 16:0 – 0.7; 18:0 – 0.2; 18:1 – 1.0;

18:2 – 1.2; 18:3 – 0.6

PL, % total FAs: 4.9 (as FAs)

FAs(GLC), %: 16:0 – 2.5; 18:0 – 0.4; 18:1 – 0.9;

18:2 – 0.8; 18:3 – 0.3

References


chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana rustica L.

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



16:0 – 3.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 27.0; 18:2 – 24.0;

Solanaceae 906 Nicotiana sanderae

18:3 – 5.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 19.0; hydroxy-18:2 –

21.0 [1]

Leaf



– 6.8; 16:3 – 4.6; 18:0 – 2.2; 18:1 – 1.5; 18:2 –

8.6; 18:3 – 59.5



Main compounds: n-C29, n-C31, iso-C29, anteiso-C30 (>10%)

Seed



– 3.5; 18:1 – 12.6; 18:2 – 73.8; 18:3 – 1.1

Seed

Oil, %: 40.0–46.0 [4], 37.3 (petroleum ether) [5]

Iodine value, % J2: 139.0–151.6 [4]; 141.1 (Wij’s)

[5]

Saponification value, mg KOH: 191.2 [4]; 294 [5]

Polenske value: 0.3 [5]

Unsaponifables, %: 2.1 [5]

Reichert value: 2.9 [5]

FAs

Iodine value, % J2 (Wij’s): 141.1 [5]

Saponification value, mg KOH: 278.3 [5]

Composition (%, GLC; 10% DEGS): 16:0 – 8.4;

18:0 – 3.8; 18:1 – 15.7; 18:2 – 71.2; 18:3 – 0.8;

20:0 – 0.1 [5]

TAG

Main components (Coleman), mole %: SSL – 1.0;

SLS – 3.3; LSL – 1.7; SOO – 1.0; SOL – 5.2;

SLO – 4.2; SLL – 20.9; OOL – 3.4; LOL – 8.4;

OLO – 1.4; OLL – 13.8; LLL – 33.4; others –

2.2 [5]

FAs, mol %: 16:0 – 10.2; 18:0 – 4.8; 18:1 – 15.4;

18:2 – 68.8; 18:3 – 0.8 [5]

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)


chemistry 22, 133 (1983)

4. N.I. Sharapov,Oil Plants and the Process of Oil formation (ASUSSR Press, Мoskwa-Leningrad, 1959), p. 352 [in Russian]

5. A. Sengupta, U.K. Mazumder, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 53, 680

(1976)

Nicotiana sanderae

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf


anteiso-C30 – anteiso-C33

Main compounds: n-C33, iso-C31, anteiso-C32

(>10%)

References


chemistry 22, 133 (1983)

Nicotiana setchellii

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 2.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 51.0; 18:2 – 13.0; 18:3 –

6.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 20.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 8.0 [1]

Leaf



– 6.1; 16:3 – 4.9; 18:0 – 2.6; 18:1 – 1.5; 18:2 –

9.3; 18:3 – 59.9

Seed



– 1.8; 18:1 – 12.9; 18:2 – 76.9; 18:3 – 0.6

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana spegazzini 907 Solanaceae
Nicotiana simulans
Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 2.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 9.0; 18:2 – 2.0; 18:3 –

4.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 74.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 8.0 [1]

Leaf



– 5.7; 16:3 – 4.0; 18:0 – 3.8; 18:1 – 1.4; 18:2 –

10.9; 18:3 – 56.3

Seed



18:0 – 3.1; 18:1 – 17.8; 18:2 – 65.1; 18:3 – 3.1

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana solanifolia

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 2.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 56.0; 18:2 – 16.0; 18:3 –

3.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 14.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 8.0 [1]

Leaf



– 6.8; 16:3 – 6.9; 18:0 – 2.7; 18:1 – 3.9; 18:2 –

10.9; 18:3 – 53.2

Seed



– 2.7; 18:1 – 16.9; 18:2 – 71.0; 18:3 – 0.9

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana sp.

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

TAG

Composition (HPLC), mol %: LeLL – 2.2; LLL +


17.6; LOO – 5.3; LLSt + LOP – 11.4; LPP – 2.1;


1.3; OOSt – 0.3; others – 1.2

References


(2004)

Nicotiana spegazzini

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 2.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 12.0; 18:2 – 8.0; 18:3 –

3.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 51.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 24.0

[1]

Seed



– 1.8; 18:1 – 16.6; 18:2 – 73.7; 18:3 – 0.6

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Solanaceae 908 Nicotiana stocktonii

Nicotiana stocktonii

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma

Usual and v-hydroxy-FAs (GC/MS, 5% BDS and

OV 1), %: 16:0 – 5.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 11.0; 18:2

– 5.0; 18:3 – 8.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 64.0; hydroxy-

18:2 – 7.0 [1]

Leaf



– 3.9; 16:3 – 3.6; 18:0 – 2.4; 18:1 – 2.4; 18:2 –

15.4; 18:3 – 54.0

Seed



18:0 – 3.4; 18:1 – 11.4; 18:2 – 69.4; 18:3 – 5.5

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana suaveolens

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 1.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 20.0; 18:2 – 4.0; 18:3 – 2.0;

hydroxy-18:1 – 63.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 10.0 [1]

Leaves



– 6.1; 16:3 – 4.9; 18:0 – 2.4; 18:1 – 1.4; 18:2 –

8.6; 18:3 – 59.5

Seed



– 2.8; 18:1 – 16.5; 18:2 – 41.1; 18:3 – 31.3

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana sylvestris

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 3.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 42.0; 18:2 – 12.0; 18:3 –

2.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 32.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 9.0 [1]

Leaf



– 6.3; 16:3 – 6.1; 18:0 – 3.0; 18:1 – 2.1; 18:2 –

10.6; 18:3 – 57.1



Main compounds: n-C33, n-C33 (>10%)

Seed



– 2.5; 18:1 – 10.3; 18:2 – 74.5; 18:3 – 3.4

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

3. V. Koiwai, U. Brummer, C. Paulsen, F. Seehofer, Phytochem-

istry 22, 133 (1983)

Nicotiana tabacum L.

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



16:0 – 3.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 26.0; 18:2 – 9.0;

Nicotiana tabacum L. 909 Solanaceae
18:3 – 3.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 45.0; hydroxy-18:2 –
13.0 [1]

TAG (chloroform-methanol), mg/mg lipid: 282 (as

FAs) [1]


OV 1), %: 16:0 – 1.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 34.0; 18:2

– 6.0; 18:3 – 1.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 42.0; hydroxy-

18:2 – 16.0

DAG(chloroform-methanol), mg/mg lipid: 139 (as

FAs) [1]


OV 1), %: 16:0 – 1.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 27.0; 18:2

– 4.0; 18:3 – tr; hydroxy-18:1 – 50.0; hydroxy-

18:2 – 18.0

PL(chloroform-methanol), mg/mg lipid: 127 (as

FAs) [1]


OV 1), %: 16:0 – 5.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 19.0;

18:2 – 11.0; 18:3 – 8.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 42.0;

hydroxy-18:2 – 14.0

Leaf


Composition (GLC, 5% BDS), %: 16:0 – 14

2; 16:1 – 3.2; 16:3 – 4.2; 18:0 – 1.8; 18:1 – 2.6; 18:2

– 12.0; 18:3 – 62.0

Extract (hexane), % dry wt: 9.95 [3]

FAs of extract, mg of FAs/g: 14:0 – 149.6 � 6.9;

anteiso-15:0 – 25.2 � 1.1; 15:0 (iso 15:0

included in quantization of major peak) – 51.5

� 2.1; 15:1 – 184.2 � 6.9; 16:0 – 1737 � 32.6;

iso 17:0 – 98 � 3.8; 17:0 – 95 � 9.2; iso 18:0 –

48 � 4.9; 18:0 – 321 � 11.1; 18:1 – 570 � 12.3;

18:2 (19:0) – 1150 � 20.9; 20:0 – 127.7 � 13.3;

18:3 (21:0) – 1515 � 84.9; 22:0 – 65.5 � 5.5;

23:0 – 36.1 � 2.1; 24:0 – 46.9 � 6.2; 25:0 – 9.8

� 1.1; 26:0 – 34.3 � 2.9; 27:0 – 12.9 � 3.5;

28:0 – 93.8� 8.8; 29:0 – 20� 5.6; 30:0 – 48.3�4.1; 31:0 – 17.9 � 3.5; 32:0 – 64 � 6.3

Alkanes

Components (GC): n-C27 – C33, iso-C29 – C33,

anteiso-C30 – C33, n-C31 >10% (main com-

pounds) [4]

Epicuticular alkanes

Components: C27 – 7.31; C29 – 6.45; C31 – 26.23;

C33 – 8.55; iso-C29 – 2.13; iso- C31 – 16.85; iso-C33 – 5.73; anteiso-C28- – 1.18; anteiso-C30 –

9.55; anteiso-C32 – 16.02; anteiso-C34 – tr (from

the main stalks) [5]

C27 – 8.08; C29 – 5.43; C31 – 19.31; C33 – 22.88; iso-

C29 – 1.38; iso-C31 – 10.90; iso-C33 – tr; anteiso-C28 – 2.53; anteiso-C30 – 9.67; anteiso-C32 –

19.83; anteiso-C34 – tr (from sucker (axillary

buds) [5]

Polyisoprenoid alcohols consisting of 9 isoprene units

with all trans configuration [6]

Sterols: 0.11% dry wt [7]; 1.68–1.91 mg/g [8]

Free sterols, % of total: 50.0 [7]

Sterols from esters, % of total: 34.0 [7]

Sterols from sterylglycosides, % of total: 10.0, [7]


6.0 [7]

Components (GLC), mg/g: Sitosterol – 0.72–0.75;

stigmasterol – 0.50–0.75; campesterol – 0.26–

0.27; cholesterol – 0.16–0.17 [8]

Composition (GLC, 5% OV-101), %: Sitosterol –

37.8–44.4; stigmasterol – 30.0–39.4;

campesterol – 13.9–16.2; cholesterol – 9.4–9.5

[8]

Free sterols: 1.03–1.23 mg/g [8]

Composition %: Sitosterol – 33.7–36.9; stigmas-

terol – 36.6–44.1; campesterol – 12.2–15.7; cho-

lesterol – 10.0–11.9 [7, 8]

Steryl esters, mg/g: 0.23–0.30 [8]

Composition of sterols, %: Sitosterol – 46.6–49.0;


20.3; cholesterol – 13.6–14.1 [7, 8]

Steryl glycosides, mg/g: 0.29–0.31 [8]



14.0; cholesterol – 5.1–6.2 [7, 8]

Acylated steryl glycosides, mg/g: 0.04–0.09 [8]



18.2; cholesterol – 15.4–16.6 [7, 8]

Seed

Oil, % dry wt: 33.0–38.0 [9]; 43.2 (petrol ether) [10]

d15: 0.9232 [9]

d20: 0.9231 [10]

d3030 : 0.9130 (Philippines) [9]

n20: 1.4758 [10]

n30D : 1.4714 [9]

Hehner’s value, %: 93.47 [10]

Iodine value, % J2: 135.8 (Philippines); 118.6

(Europe) [9]; 143.82 [10]

Saponification value, mg KOH: 190.8 (Philip-

pines); 109.0 (Europe) [9]; 193.56 [10]

Solanaceae 910 Nicotiana tabacum L.

Unsaponifiables, %: 1.24 [10]; 1.38 [11]

FAs, mg/g dry wt: 360.0 [4], 352 (in immature seeds at

37 days after flowering) [12]

Composition (GLC),%: 16:0 – 9.6; 18:0 – 2.8; 18:1 –

12.1; 18:2 – 74.1; 18:3 – 1.4 (5%DEGS) [2]; 16:0

– 6.1; 18:1 – 7.2; 18:2 – 85.2 (17% PEGS) [10]

Saturated – 12.8 – 19.5; 18:1 – 9.3–19.3; 18:2 –

64.7–72.6; 18:3 – 1.1–2.0 (15 species from

India) [13]

Components of Oil (TLC): Hydrocarbons, TAG, free

FAs, sterols, DAG, MAG [10]

TAG: 339 mg/g dry seeds (as FAs) [13]; 89.0% of

oil [11]

Main components, %: LeLL – 2.0; LLL – 33.0–

35.0; LLO – 17.0–22.0; LLSt – 22.0–23.0;

LOO – 4.0–5.0; LOSt – 4.0–9.0; OOO – 3.0;

LStSt – 3.0–7.0; OOSt – 3.0; OStSt – 1.0 [11]

Composition, %: SSU – 4.0–7.0; SUU – 32.0–33.0;

UUU – 62.0–63.0 [11]

FAs(GLC), %: 16:0 – 9.2; 18:0 – 2.6; 18:1 – 11.8;

18:2 – 75.3; 18:3 – 1.1 (5% DEGS) [13]

16:0 – 9.8; 16:1 – 1.0; 18:0 – 3.8; 18:1 – 13.5; 18:2 –

70.6; 18:3 – 1.3 (mol %) [11]

Steryl esters, mg/g dry seeds: 2.92 (as FAs) [13]

FAs (GLC, 5% DEGS), %: 16:0 – 16.8; 18:0 – 6.1;

18:1 – 10.0; 18:2 – 65.3; 18:3 – 1.8

Free FAs, mg/g dry seeds 0.85 [13]


18:0 – 14.0; 18:1 – 14.4; 18:2 – 32.2; 18:3 – 1.1

DAG, mg/g dry seeds: 5.51 (as FAs) [13]

FAs (GLC, 5% DEGS), %: 16:0 – 15.5; 18:0 – 5.7;

18:1 – 16.6; 18:2 – 61.7; 18:3 – 0.5

PhG, mg/g dry seeds: 0.41 (as FAs) [13]

FAs (GLC), %: 16:0 – 51.8; 18:0 – 13.9; 18:1 –

15.8; 18:2 – 16.1; 18:3 – 2.4

PhC, mg/g dry seeds: 1.89 (as FAs) [13]

FAs (GLC), %: 16:0 – 18.4; 18:0 – 5.8; 18:1 – 18.0;

18:2 – 56.8; 18:3 – 1.0

PhE, mg/g dry seeds: 0.54 (as FAs) [13]

FAs (GLC), %: 16:0 – 32.4; 18:0 – 7.8; 18:1 – 13.9;

18:2 – 45.0; 18:3 – 0.9

PhI, mg/g dry seeds: 0.84 (as FAs) [13]

FAs (GLC), %: 16:0 – 38.1; 18:0 – 10.1; 18:1 –

12.6; 18:2 – 37.1; 18:3 – 2.1

Triterpenols


Lanost-8-en-3b-ol – tr; cycloartanol – 4.0;

cycloartenol – 87.0; 24-methylenecycartanol –

5.0; b-amyrin – tr; others – 4.0 [14]

IR, MS, 1H MR [14]

4a-Methylsterols

Composition (Ag+-PLC, GLC on OV 17 SCOT,

GC/MS on 2% OV 17), %: 31-Norcycloartanol

– tr; 31-norcycloartenol – 2.0; cycloeucalenol –

6.0; 31-norlanost-8-enol – 1.0; 31-norlanosterol

– 4.0; obtusifoliol – 1.0; 31-norlanost-9(11)-enol

– tr; 4a-methylcholest-8-enol – 1.0; lophenol –

14.0; 24-methyllophenol – 1.0; 24-ethyllophenol

– 1.0; gramisterol – 5.0; citrostadienol – 60.0; 4a-methyl-24-ethylcholesta-7,24-dienol – 1.0; others

– 3.0 [15]1H MR [14]

Use: As tobacco.

Tobacco

Lipids (chloroform; chloroform-acetone, 1:1; acetone;

methanol), % dry wt: 3.65–12.38 (Barley tobacco);

13.90–14.49 (Flue-cured tobacco) [16]

NL, %: 75.0 (Barley); 50.0 (Flue-cured tobacco)

PhL

Composition, %: DPhG – 7.0–9.0; PhE – 14.4–15.1;

PhG – 6.8–9.4; PhC – 10.3–12.3; unidentified –

5.8–6.7; PhI – 16.0–19.8; PhA – 12.6–14.8; ori-

gin – 20.2–22.1 (Barley) [16]

DPhG – 6.6–7.7; PhE – 19.8–21.6; PhG – 10.5–

11.4; PhC – 12.0–12.8; unidentified – 6.8–7.5;

PhI – 6.8–7.7; PhA – 13.5–14.9; origin – 19.1–

21.350.0 (Flue-cured tobacco) [16]

GL

Components, %: MGDG – 22.3–27.4; DGDG –

40.6–58.9; unidentified – 16.6–33.2 (Barley) [16]

MGDG – 62.5–70.1; DGDG – 30.1–34.1;

unidentified – 1.8–5.1 (Flue-cured tobacco) [16]

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

3. J.J. Ellington, P.F. Schlotzhauer, A.I. Schepartz, J. Indian

Chem. Soc. 55, 572 (1978)


chemistry 22, 133 (1983)

5. R.E. Wilkinson, M.J. Kasperbauer, Phytochemistry 2439

(1972)

Nicotiana trigonophylla 911 Solanaceae
6. J.W. Rip, C.A. Rupar, K. Ravi, K.K. Carroll, Prog. Lipid
Res. 24, 269 (1985)


743 (1984)

8. C. Grunwald, Phytochemistry 14, 79 (1975)

9. I. Sharapov, Oil Plants and the Process of Oil formation(AS USSR Press, Мoskwa-Leningrad, 1959), p. 352

[in Russian]

10. A.U. Umarov, M.Kh. Khasanov, Kh.N. Teshabaeva, Chem.

Nat. Comp. 26, 706 (1990)

11. F.D. Gunstone, M. Ilyas Qureshi, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 42,

961 (1965)


chemistry 21, 305 (1982)

13. S.R. Chakrabarty, M.M. Chakrabarty, J. Indian Chem. Soc.,

IND. News Ed. 20, 17 (1957)


(1977)


17, 971 (1978)

16. M.K. Wassef, J.W. Hendrix, J. Agric Food Chem. 23(4), 688

(1975)

Nicotiana tomentosa

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf



– 4.9; 16:3 – 3.8; 18:0 – 3.6; 18:1 – 2.0; 18:2 –

10.7; 18:3 – 57.8



Main compounds: n-C31, anteiso-C30 (>10%)

Seed



– 2.0; 18:1 – 11.2; 18:2 – 79.1; 18:3 – 0.5

References


chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)


chemistry 22, 133 (1983)

Nicotiana tomentosiformis

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 4.0; 18:0 – 2.0; 18:1 – 20.0; 18:2 – 7.0;

18:3 – 3.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 52.0; hydroxy-

18:2 – 12.0 [1]

Leaf



– 4.4; 16:3 – 5.0; 18:0 – 2.8; 18:1 – 1.9; 18:2 –

10.7; 18:3 – 60.3

Seed



– 1.9; 18:1 – 14.1; 18:2 – 76.3; 18:3 – 0.6

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana trigonophylla

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 1.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 42.0; 18:2 – 2.0; 18:3 –

4.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 49.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 2.0 [1]

Leaf



– 4.7; 16:3 – 4.4; 18:0 – 2.4; 18:1 – 2.6; 18:2 –

11.1; 18:3 – 57.5

Solanaceae 912 Nicotiana umbratica

Seed



– 2.8; 18:1 – 13.6; 18:2 – 74.3; 18:3 – 0.4

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana umbratica

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma


OV 1), %: 16:0 – 1.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 13.0;

18:2 – 2.0; 18:3 – 2.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 72.0;

hydroxy-18:2 – 10.0 [1]

Leaf



– 5.4; 16:3 – 5.2; 18:0 – 4.1; 18:1 – 2.0; 18:2 –

8.1; 18:3 – 58.8

Seed



– 3.0; 18:1 – 16.1; 18:2 – 67.6; 18:3 – 4.2

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana undulata

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma


OV 1), %: 16:0 – 3.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 23.0;

18:2 – 7.0; 18:3 – 3.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 53.0;

hydroxy-18:2 – 10.0 [1]

Leaf



– 5.3; 16:3 – 4.5; 18:0 – 2.6; 18:1 – 4.0; 18:2 –

12.0; 18:3 – 58.1

Seed



– 2.3; 18:1 – 12.3; 18:2 – 75.9; 18:3 – 1.2

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana velutina

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 3.0, 18:0 – tr, 18:1 – 32.0, 18:2 – 5.0, 18:3 – 6.0,

hydroxy-18:1 – 49.0, hydroxy-18:2 – 6.0 [1]

Seed



– 3.0; 18:1 – 15.1; 18:2 – 47.0; 18:3 – 25.2

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Nicotiana wigandioides

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



16:0 – 2.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 24.0; 18:2 – 19.0;

Physalis alkekengi L. 913 Solanaceae
18:3 – 2.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 26.0; hydroxy-18:2 –
26.0 [1]

Leaf



– 6.6; 16:3 – 3.8; 18:0 – 2.0; 18:1 – 2.4; 18:2 –

12.7; 18:3 – 56.7

Seed



– 2.8; 18:1 – 10.9; 18:2 – 76.9; 18:3 – 1.5

References



chemistry 22, 1409 (1983)

Petunia hybrida

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 1.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 1.0; 18:2 – 1.0; 18:3 – 1.0;

hydroxy-18:1 – 72.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 24.0 [1]

Leaf

Surface lipids: 2,3,4-O-Tri-acyl-a-D-glycopyranosyl-1-O-malonyl-4-O-acyl-6-O-acetyl-b-D-fructofuranoside, 2,3,4-O-tri-acyl-a-D-glycopyranosyl-4-O-acyl-6-O-acetyl-b-D-fructofuranoside and 2,3,4-O-tetra-acyl-a-D-glycopyranosyl-b-D-fructofuranoside [2]FAs: Both unbranched and branched C2-C8

References


2. I. Ohya, Y. Shinozaki, T. Tobita, H. Takahashi, T. Matsuzaki,

Phytochemistry 41, 787 (1996)

Physalis aequata Jacq.

Synonyms

Ph. ixocarpa Brct. ex Haraem

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Oil, %: 35.6


References

1. N.I. Sharapov, Oil Plants and the Process of Oil formation(AS USSR Press, Moskwa-Leningrad, 1959), p. 352 [in

Russian]

Physalis alkekengi L.

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf




cholesterol


Components: Isofucosterol, sitosterol, campesterol,

stigmasterol

Sterols from sterylglycosides, % t of total: 3.0


stigmasterol


3.0




Seed

Oil, %: 23.7–32.1 [2]

Iodine value, % J2: 126.0–137.0

References


743 (1984)

Solanaceae 914 Physalis alkekengi L. var. francheti Hort.


Russian]

Physalis alkekengi L. var. francheti Hort.

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Triterpenols



methylenelanost-8-en-3b-ol – 3.0; cycloartanol

– 35.0; cycloartenol – 27.0; 24-

methylenecycartanol – 11.0 [1]

IR, MS, 1H NMR [1]

4a-Methylsterols

Composition (Ag+-PLC, GLC, OV 17 SCOT; GC/

MS, 2% OV 17), %: 31-Norcycloartanol – 1.0;



2.0; obtusifoliol – 14.0; 31-norlanost-9(11)-

enol – tr; 4a-methylcholest-8-enol – 5.0;

lophenol – 7.0; 24-methyllophenol – tr; 24-

ethyllophenol – 3.0; gramisterol – 36.0;

citrostadienol – 8.0; 24- ethylcholesta-7,24-

dienol – tr; others – 5.0 [2]1H NMR [2]

References


(1977)


17, 971 (1978)

Physalis ixocarpa L.

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

TAG



19.6; LOO – 4.5; LLSt + LOP – 8.0; LPP – 0.6;


0.5; OOSt – 0.1; others – 0.9

References


(2004)

Physalis minima

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Ash, %: 2.1

Side, mm: 3.5 � 2.6 � 1.1

Moisture, %: 5.6

Mass of 1,000, g: 10.0

Oil (hexane), %: 4.0

d30: 0.9176

n40D : 1.4679

Acidic value, mg KOH: 0.7

Iodine value (Wijs), % J2: 122.5


Unsaponifables, %: 0.8

FAs

Composition (GLC), %: 16:0 – 10.5; 16:1 – 0.1;

18:0 – 8.6; 18:1 – 17.3; 18:2 – 61.4

Epoxy-FAs: 0.6

Hydroxy-FAs: 1.5

References

1. T.Ch. Rao, G. Lakshminarayana, N.B.L. Prasad, S.J.M. Rao,

G. Azeemoddin, D.A. Ramayya, S.D.T. Rao, J. Am. Oil

Chem. Soc. 61, 1472 (1984)

Physalis peruviana L.

Family: Solanaceae

Fruit

Oil (petrol ether), % air dry wt: 7.3 [1]

d204 : 0.9235

n20: 1.4462



Unsaponifiables, %: 2.6

Salpichroa origanifolia Lmk. 915 Solanaceae
FAs
Composition (GLC, 17% EGS), %: 16:0 – 15.7;

16:1 – 14.4; 18:0 – 1.6; 18:1 – 14.3; 18:2 –

51.5; 18:3 – 1.4; 20:0 – 1.1

Carotenoids, mg %: 189.2

Tocopherols, mg %: 158.4

Sterols, %: 1.92

Seed

Oil, % dry wt: 18.0 (petrol ether) [1]; 6.3 [2]

d204 : 0.9264 [1]

n20D : 1.4481 [1]


Iodine value, % J2: 116.3 [1]; 120.5 [2]


Unsaponifiables, %: 2.1 [1]

FAs


– 1.1; 18:0 – 3.1; 18:1 – 20.2; 18:2 – 65.1; 18:3 –

2.3; 20:0 – tr [1]


Tocopherols, mg %: 152.3 [1]

Sterols, %: 0.91 [1]

References

1. S.M. Aslanov, M.E. Mamedova, S.A. Bairamova, Chem. Nat.

Comp. 31, 410 (1995)


Russian]

Physalis pubescens L.

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

TAG



21.1; LOO – 3.1; LLSt + LOP – 9.8; LPP – 1.2;


0.2; OOSt – 0.1; others – 0.1

References


(2004)

Physalis viscosa

Family: Solanaceae

Flowers and Steams

Acylated sucrose ester physaloside A

Activity: Antimicrobial activity, LC50, mM: Staphy-lococcus aureus – 52.0; Streptococcus pneumoniae –

53.0; Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas

aeruginosa > 413

References

1. S.P.B. Ovenden, J. Yu, J. Bernays, S.S. Wan, L.J.

Christophidis, G. Sberna, R.M. Tait, H.G. Wildman, D.

Lebeller, J. Lowther, N.G. Walsh, B.M. Meurer-Grimes, J.

Nat. Prod. 68, 282 (2005)

Physalis sp.

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Mass of 1,000, g: 0.4 (Sample 1); 0.8 (Sample 2)

Oil, % dry wt: 17.6 (1); 19.1 (2)

HBr uptake, as C18 acid: 0.2 (2)

References


Salpichroa origanifolia Lmk.

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf



Components: Isofucosterol, campesterol, sitosterol,

cholesterol


Components: Isofucosterol, sitosterol, campesterol,

cholesterol



stigmasterol

Solanaceae 916 Salpiglossis sinuata

Sterols from acylated sterylglycosides, % of

total: 1.0




References


743 (1984)

Salpiglossis sinuata

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 1.0; 18:0 – tr; 18:1 – 26.0; 18:2 – 15.0; 18:3 –

2.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 36.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 20.0

References


Schizanthus pinnatus Ruiz-Pavone.

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf




stigmasterol


Components: Sitosterol, campesterol, isofucosterol,

cholesterol



stigmasterol


8.0




References


743 (1984)

Solanum ajanhuirii

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf

Chloroplasts

Free FAs, mmol/mg chloroplasts: 0.36 (chill-tolerant)


16:1 – 2.6; 18:0 – 0.8; 18:1 – 16.2; 18:2 – 8.3;

18:3 – 63.1

References


(1989)

Solanum arundo Crit.

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Oil



References


Russian]

Solanum carolinense L.

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Mass of 1,000, g: 0.6

Oil, % dry wt: 21.4

Solanum dulcamara L. 917 Solanaceae
References

Solanum chaucha

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf

Chloroplasts

Free FAs, mmol/mg chloroplasts: 0.39 (chill-tolerant)


16:1 – 5.5; 18:0 – 3.5; 18:1 – 12.8; 18:2 – 10.8;

18:3 – 50.8; 20:0 – 0.2–2.7

References


(1989)

Solanum dulcamara L.

Family: Solanaceae

Fruit

Sterols, mg/100 g: 43–86 [1]

Composition (CLC, SE 52), %: Cholesterol – 14.0–

15.0; brassicasterol – 6.0–7.0; campesterol –

7.0–8.0; 24-methylenecholesterol – l.0; stigmas-

terol – 9.0–10.0; sitosterol – 55.0; isofucosterol –

6.0


Sterols from steryl esters, % of total: 7.0

Sterols from steryl glycosides, % of total: 18.5

Sterols from acylated steryl glycosides, % of

total: 16.4

Leaf

Extract (petrol ether), % dry wt: 3.3 [2]

Sum esters of sterols and triterpenols

FAs(GLC, 2.5% EGS), %: 12:0 – 1.0; 13:0 – tr;

14:0 – 2.0; 15:0 – 1.0; 16:0 – 24.0; 16:1 – 2.0;

16:2 – 1.0; 16:3 – 5.0; 17:0 – tr; 18:0 – 9.0; 18:1 –

14.0; 18:1 – 13.0; 18:2 – 20.0; 19:0 – tr;

20:0 – 9.0

Triterpenyl esters

Triterpenols(GLC, 2.5% SE 52), %: Lophenol – 6.0;

24-methylenelophenol – 2.0; 24-ethylidenlophenol

– 5.0; cycloeucalenol – 6.0; cycloartenol – 75.0; 24-

methylenecycloartanol – 6.0

Sterylesters

Sterols (GLC, 2.5% SE 52), %: Cholesterol – 41.0;

brassicasterol – 5.0; campesterol – 3.0; 24-

methylenecholesterol – 1.0; stigmasterol – 4.0; b-sitosterol – 41.0; isofucosterol – 5.0

Unsaponifables, % dry wt: 0.6 [2]

Alkanols

Components (GLC, 2.5% SE 52), %:С16 – 0.3;С18

– 90.0; С19 – tr; C20 – 0.8; C21 – 0.1; C22 – 1.6;

C23 – 0.1; C24 – 0.3; C25 – 0.1; C26 – 0.2; C27 –

0.1; C28 – 0.4; C29 – 0.2; sum of unidentified –

5.8

Triterpenols

Components (GLC, 2.5% SE 52), %: Lophenol –

1.0; 24-methylenlophenol – 2.0; 24-

ethylidenlophenol – 4.0; obtusifoliol – 9.0;

cycloeucalenol – 16.0; cycloartenol – 57.0; 24-

methylenecycloartanol – 11.0

Sterols: 44–112 mg/100 g [1]; 0.12% dry wt [3]

Composition (GLC, 2.5% SE 52), %: Cholesterol –

34.0; brassicasterol – 3.0; campesterol – 6.0; 24-

methylenecholesterol – 1.0; stigmasterol – 24.0;

b-sitosterol – 29.0; isofucosterol – 3.0 [2]

Cholesterol – 21.0–25.0; brassicasterol – 4.0–6.0;

campesterol – 10.0–12.0; 24-methylenecho-

lesterol – l.0; stigmasterol – 13.0–18.0; sitosterol

– 34.0–40.0; isofucosterol – 4.0–5.0 [1]

Forms, %: Free sterols – 42.4; as steryl esters – 2.0;

as steryl glycosides – 26.3; as acylated glyco-

sides – 29.3 [1]

Free sterols, % of total: 28.0 [3]


campesterol



stigmasterol

Sterols from sterylglycosides, % of total: 27.0 [3]

Components: Sitosterol, stigmasterol, cholesterol

brassicasterol


38.0S [3]




Solanaceae 918 Solanum ferox L.

Root

Sterols, mg/100 g: 65.0 – 73.0 [1]



6.0–7.0; 24-methylenecholesterol – l.0; stigmas-

terol – 13.0–14.0; sitosterol – 51.0–53.0;

isofucosterol – 6.0





total: 6.0

Seed

Oil (petrol ether), %: 28.1 [4]

FAs

Composition (GLC, 3% OV-17), %: 14:0 – tr; 16:0

– 5.4; 16:1 – tr; 17:0 – tr; 18:0 – 1.3; 18:1 – 12.2;

18:2 – 79.2; 18:3 – 1.7 [4]

Free FAs

Composition (GLC, 3% OV-17), %: 12:0 – tr;

14:0 – 0.3; 16:0 – 49.3; 16:1 – 0.2; 17:0 –

4.4; 18:0 – 12.2; 18:1 – 28.7; 18:2 – 3.4; 18:3 –

1.5 [4]

Triterpenols

Composition (TLC, GLC, GC/MS, 3% OV-17), %:

24-Dihydrolanosterol – 5.0; cycloartenol – 68.0;

lanosterol < 1.0; 24-methylenelanost-8-en-3b-ol < 1.0; lupeol or isomer < 1.0; 24-

methylenecycloartanol < 1.0

4a-Methylsterols


31-Norlanost-8-en-3b-ol – 21.0; lophenol –

44.0; 31-norlanosterol – 19.0; 31-

norcycloartenol – 7.0; citrostadienol – 2.0;

obtusifoliol < 1.0; cycloeucalenol-< 1.0;

gramisterol < 1.0; unidentified (5) < 1.0 – 4.0

Sterols


Cholesterol – 20.0; campesterol – 13.0; stigmas-

terol – 12.0; b-sitosterol – 4.0; isofucosterol <

1.0; 24-methylenecholesterol – 1.0

Stem

Sterols, mg/100 g: 62.0–75.0 [1]



7.0–9.0; 24-methylenecholesterol – l.0;

stigmasterol – 12.0–18.0; sitosterol – 40.0–

47.0; isofucosterol – 4.0–5.0





total: 40.3

References

1. G. Koiwai, J. Kostens, Phytochemistry 14, 2055 (1975)

2. G. Willuhn, J. Kostens, Planta Med. 25(2), 115 (1974)


743 (1984)

4. G. Willuhn, S. May, I. Merfort, Planta Med. 46, 99 (1982)

Solanum ferox L.

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

FAs (GLC), %: 16:0 – 12.15; 18:0 – 9.96; 18:1 –

39.83; 18:2 – 38.96

References


Solanum indicum L.

Family: SolanaceaeOil



References


Russian]

Solanum melongena L. 919 Solanaceae
Solanum khasianum C.B. Clarke & SenGupta
Family: Solanaceae

Cotyledon

FAs

Composition (% GLC, 10% PEGA): 12:0 – tr; 14:0

– 0.5; 14:1 – 0.3; 16:0 – 21.2; 16:1(9) – 1.8; 18:0

– 6.2; 18 [1]

Seed

Oil (petroleum ether), %: 14.5 [2]

d: 0.941

n27: 1.4725



FAs

Composition (GLC, 25% Resoflex, 3% O-

phosphoric acid coated on Chromatosorb “P”),

%: 12:0 + unidentified – 2.7; 14:0 – 0.2; 16:0 –

14.2; 16:1 – 0.9; 18:0 – 4.4; 18:1 – 15.0; 18:2 –

62.6; 18:1 – 14.4; 18:2 – 55.6; 18:3 – tr

References

1. B. Koiwai, S. Manday, D.R. Gadgil, J. Am. Oil Chem.

Soc. 63, 541 (1986)

2. P. Parimoo, R.N. Baruah, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 52, 357

(1975)

Solanum marginatum

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

FAs

Composition (GLC, Silar 5CP), %: 16:0 – 10.77;

16:1 – 0.40; 17:0 – 0.10; 17:1 – 0.09; 18:0 – 3.52;

18:1 – 15.77; 18:2 – 66.95; 18:3 – 1.69; 20:0 –

0.16; 20:1(11) – 0.06

Isomers of 16:1, %: 16:1(9) – 95.0; 16:1(7) – 5.0;

16:1(11) – tr

Isomers of 18:1, %: 18:1(9) – 93.9; 18:1(11) – 6.0;

18:1(13) – 0.1

References


84(9), 342 (1982)

Solanum melongena L.

Family: Solanaceae

Flower

Stigma



– 3.0; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 3.0; 18:2 – 5.0; 18:3 –

2.0; hydroxy-18:1 – 77.0; hydroxy-18:2 – 9.0 [1]

Leaf




campesterol



isofucosterol



campesterol

Sterols from acylated sterylglycosides, % of

total: 45.0



decreasing concentration) [2]

Cotyledon

FAs

Composition (% GLC, 10% PEGA): 12:0 – tr; 14:0

– 1.4; 16:0 – 35.1; 16:1 – 2.1; 18:0 – 3.5; 18:1 –

39.4; 18:2 – 18.5; 18:3 – tr [3]

Seed

FAs

Composition (GLC), %: 14:0 – tr; 14:0 – 0.1; 14:0 –

tr; 16:0 – 8.8; 16:1 – 0.2; 17:0 – tr; 18:0 – 3.4;

18:1 – 18.1; 18:2 – 67.7; 18:3 – 1.4 [4]

TAG

Composition (HPLC), mole %: LeLL – 1.5; LLL +


17.2; LOO – 7.1; LLSt + LOP – 13.2; LPP – 1.4;

Solanaceae 920 Solanum nigrum L.

OOO – 0.8; LOSt + OOP – 3.9; LPS +OPP – 1.8;

OOSt – 0.1; others – 1.1 [5]

Triterpenols

Composition (Ag+-PLC, GLC on 3% OV 17), %:




methylenecycartanol – tr.0; lupeol – tr; b-amyrin

– tr; others – 9.0 [6]

IR, MS, 1H NMR [6]

4a-Methylsterols

Composition (Ag+-PLC, GLC, OV 17 SCOT: GC/

MS, 2%OV 17), %: 31-Norcycloartanol – tr; 31-

norcycloartenol – tr; cycloeucalenol – tr; 31-

norlanost-8-enol – 2.0; 31-norlanosterol – 1.0;

obtusifoliol – tr; 31-norlanost-9(11)-enol – tr;

4a-methylcholest-8-enol – 1.0; lophenol – 13.0;

24-methyllophenol – 4.0; 24-ethyllophenol –

65.0; gramisterol – 3.0; citrostadienol – 8.0; 4a-methyl-24-ethylcholesta-7,24-dienol – 1.0,

others – 2.0 [7]1H NMR [7]

Use: Food-stuffs [4].

References



743 (1984)

3. B. Pandey, S. Manday, D.R. Gadgil, J. Amer. Oil Chem.

Soc. 63, 541 (1986)

4. M.I. Goryaev, N.A. Evdakova, Spravochnik pogasozhidkostnoi khromatographii organicheskikh kislot(Nauka, Alma ata, 1977), p. 224 [in Russian]

5. V.I. Deineka, L.A. Deineka, Chem. Nat. Comp. 40, 184 (2004)


(1977)


17, 971 (1978)

Solanum nigrum L.

Family: Solanaceae

Cotyledon

FAs

Composition (GLC, 10), % PEGA): 14:0 – tr; 14:0 –

0.7; 16:0 – 12.4; 18:0 – 2.5; 18:1 – 20.5; 18:2 –

60.4; 18:3 – 3.4 [1]

Leaf



Components: Sitosterol, isofucosterol, cholesterol,campesterol


Components: Sitosterol, cholesterol, isofucosterol,campesterol



stigmasterol


50.0




Seed

Ash, %: 4.6 [3]

Mass of 1,000, g: 0.6 [3]

Oil % dry wt: 27.2 [3]

HBr uptake, as C18 acid, %: 0.1 [3]

Iodine value, % J2: 123.2 [4]


TAG



19.3; LOO – 3.8; LLSt + LOP – 14.2; LPP – 1.6;

OOO – 0.4; LOSt + OOP – 4.2; LPS +OPP – 2.6;

OOS – 0.2; others – 1.0 [5]

References

1. B. Pandey, S. Manday, D.R. Gadgil, J. Am. Oil Chem.

Soc. 63, 541 (1986)

2. R. Koiwai, M. Thiersault, P. Duperon, Phytochemistry 23,

743 (1984)



Russian]

5. V.I. Deineka, L. A. Deineka, Chem. Nat. Comp. 40, 184

(2004)

Solanum noctiflorus

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Ash, %: 4.6

Solanum toralapanum 921 Solanaceae
Mass of 1,000, g: 0.8
Oil, % dry wt: 25.3

References


Solanum nodiflorum Jacq.

Family: Solanaceae

Seed

Mass of 1,000, g: 0.8

Oil (petroleum ether, 30–60�C), % dry wt: 25.0

n40D : 1.4688


FAs

Composition (GLC on 20% LAC-2R 446), %:

Saturated – 10.0; 18:1 – 20.0; 18:2 – 65.0; 18:3

– 0.8

IR

References

1. F.R. Earle, I.A. Wolff, C.A. Glass, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 39,

381 (1962)

Solanum persicum Willd.

Family: SolanaceaeOil, % fresh wt: 1.6–2.2

d20D : 0.9282

n20D : 1.4558




Unsaponifiables, %: 1.24

Carotenoids mg/100 g: 74.2–82.5

Components: a-Carotene, b-carotene, xanthene,

lycopene, cis-lycopene

References

1. E.N. Novruzov, Rast. Resursy 19, 89 (1983) [in Russian]

Solanum pseudocapsicum L.

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf




campesterol


Components: Sitosterol campesterol, cholesterol,

stigmasterol



campesterol

Sterols from acylated sterylglycosides,% of total: 39.0




References


743 (1984)

Solanum sisymbriifolium Lamk.

Family: Solanaceae

Cotyledon

FAs

Composition (GLC, 10% PEGA), %: 12:0 – tr; 14:0

– 1.5; 14:1 – 1.0; 16:0 – 33.8; 16:1 – 2.2; 18:0 –

5.0; 18:1 – 42.1; 18:2 – 14.5; 18:3 – tr

References


Soc. 63, 541 (1986)

Solanum toralapanum

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf

Chloroplasts

Free FAs, mmol/mg chloroplasts: 0.39 (chill-sensitive)

Solanaceae 922 Solanum torvum


16:1 – 5.4; 18:0 – 3.2; 18:1 – 13.5; 18:2 – 11.7;

18:3 – 44.2; 20:0 – 3.9

References


(1989)

Solanum torvum

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf

Components, mg (from 5.5 kg dried material):

Octacosanyl triacontanoate – 35.0; tetratria-

contanoic acid – 100.0; 2,3,4-trimethyltriacontane

– 10.0; 5-triacontanol – 350.0; 3-tritriacontanone –

500.0; hexatriacontanone – 20.0; sitosterol; stig-

masterol; campesterol – 900.0

M.p., IR, MS, 1H NMR

References

1. U. Mahmood, Y.N. Shukla, R.S. Thakur, Phytochemistry 22,

167 (1983)

Solanum trilobatum L.

Family: Solanaceae

Cotyledon

FAs

Composition (GLC, 10% PEGA), %: 14:0 – 0.5;

16:0 – 15.6; 16:1 – 1.4; 18:0 – 3.9; 18:1 – 22.5;

18:2 – 54.6; 20:0 – 1.2; 22:0 – 0.3

References


Soc. 63, 541 (1986)

Solanum tuberosum L.

Family: Solanaceae

Leaf

Lipids

FAs, % in total lipids: 16:3 (7Z,10Z,13Z) – 11.6 [1]

NL(TLC) [2]

FAs (GLC, 15% PEGA), %: 10:2 – 2.06; 11:2 –

0.28; 12:0 – 0.74; 12:1 – 0.85; 12:2 – 1.09; 13:0 –

5.02; 13:1 – 6.42; 13:2 – 4.51; 14:0 – 6.33; 14:1 –

7.80; 14:2 – 1.07; 14:3 – 1.07; 15:0 – 0.55; 15:1 –

3.70; 15:2 – 4.46; 15:3 – 3.23; 16:0 – 13.68; 16:1

– 3.38; 16:2 – 1.54; 16:3 – 5.72; 18:0 – 2.18; 18:1

– 4.01; 18:2 – 9.07; 18:3 – 3.27; 20:0 – 0.40; 20:1

– 3.01; 20:2 – 4.55

GL + PhL(TLC) [2]

FAs (GLC, 15% PEGA), %: 14:0 – tr; 15:1 – tr;

16:0 – 14.8; 16:1 – 1.8; 16:2 – 0.2; 16:3 – 8.7;

18:0 – 0.6; 18:1 – 1.4; 18:2 – 23.0; 18:3 – 49.5;

20:0 – tr [2]

GL(TLC) [2]

MGDG

FAs (GLC, 15% PEGA), %: 13:0 – 0.1; 13:1 – 0.1;

14:0 – 0.1; 15:1 – 0.2; 16:0 – 2.8; 16:1(3) +

16:1(9) – 0.4; 16:2 – 0.3; 16:3(7;10.13) – 25.4;

18:0 – 1.1; 18:1 – 1.0; 18:2 – 1.6; 18:3 – 66.9 [2]

DGDG

FAs (GLC, 15% PEGA), %: 13:1 – 0.1; 14:0 – 0.1;

16:0 – 10.9; 16:1(3) + 16:1(9) – 0.3; 16:2 – 0.3;

16:3(7;10;13) – 2.1; 18:0 – 2.0; 18:1 – 1.2; 18:2 –

2.6; 18:3 – 80.4 [2]

PhL (TLC) [2]

FAs (GLC, 15% PEGA), %: 12:0 – 0.03; 12:1 –

0.02; 12:2 – 0.01; 13:0 – 0.02; 13:1 – 0.02; 13:2 –

0.02; 14:0 – 0.18; 14:2 – 0.05; 14:3 – 0.01; 15:0 –

0.12; 15:1 – 0.62; 16:0 – 14.46; 16:1 – 7.90; 16:2

– 0.43; 16:3 – 1.64; 18:0 – 2.37; 18:1 – 5.84; 18:2

– 39.47; 18:3 – 25.86; 20:0 – 0.78; 20:1 – 0.14

[2]

PhG

FAs (GLC, 15% PEGA), %: 14:1 – 0.1; 15:0 – 0.2;

15:1 – 0.3; 16:0 – 25.8; 16:1(3) + 16:1(9) – 34.4;

16:2 – 0.5; 16:3(3) + 16:1(9) – 0.6; 18:0 – 2.2;

18:1 – 2.8; 18:2 – 16.2; 18:3 – 17.0 [2]

PhC

FAs (GLC, 15% PEGA), %: 14:1 – 0.1; 15:0 – 0.1;

15:1 – 0.1; 16:0 – 29.8; 16:1(3) + 16:1(9) – 0.8;

Solanum tuberosum L. 923 Solanaceae
16:2 – 0.2; 16:3(7;10;13) – 0.5; 18:0 – 2.0; 18:1 –
1.3; 18:2 – 30.4; 18:3 – 34.7 [2]

PhE

FAs (GLC, 15% PEGA), %: 14:0 – 0.1; 16:0 – 26.0;

16:1(3) + 16:1(9) – 0.2; 18:0 – 3.1; 18:1 – 2.6;

18:2 – 44.9; 18:3 – 23.1 [2]

PhI

FAs (GLC, 15% PEGA), %: 16:0 – 45.6; 16:1(3) +

16:1(9) – 0.8; 16:2 – 0.3; 16:3(7;10;13) (7;10;13)

– 0.2; 18:0 – 6.4; 18:1 – 3.9; 18:2 – 17.0; 18:3 –

25.8 [2]

DPhG

FAs (GLC, 15% PEGA), %: 14:0 – 1.1; 14:2 – 1.0;

15:0 – 0.3; 15:1 – 1.4; 16:0 – 24.2; 16:1(3) +

16:1(9) – 3.0; 18:0 – 15.0; 18:1 – 14.7; 18:2 –

22.1; 18:3 – 17.2 [2]

PhA

FAs (GLC, 15% PEGA), %: 14:1 – 0.6; 15:0 – 0.4;

15:1 – 0.7; 16:0 – 39.9; 16:1(3) + 16:1(9) – 3.7;

16:2 – 0.4; 16:3(7;10;13) – 0.6; 18:0 – 14.5; 18:1

– 16.5; 18:2 – 16.5; 18:3 – 6.2 [2]

SL

FAs (GLC, 15% PEGA), %: 14:0 – 0.1; 16:0 – 44.8;

16:1(3) + 16:1(9) – 1.0; 16:2 – 0.3; 16:3(7;10;13)

– 0.7; 18:0 – 2.1; 18:1 – 1.6; 18:2 – 6.7; 18:3 –

42.7 [2]

3,7,11,15,19-Penthamethyl-2-cis-6-trans-eicosadien-

1-ol

n20D : 1.4780 [3]

CC, IR, MS, 1NMR [3]



Components: Sitosterol, isofucosterol, stigmasterol,

cholesterol

Sterol from esters, % of total: 13.0

Components: Sitosterol, cholesterol, stigmasterol,

24- methylenecholesterol

Sterol from sterylglycosides, % of total: 27.0

Components: Sitosterol, cholesterol, stigmasterol,

24-methylenecholesterol


48.0


isofucosterol (the sterols are listed in order of


Chloroplast


sensitive leaves) [5]


16:1 – 1.1; 18:0 – 1.0; 18:1 – 19.0; 18:2 – 7.9;

18:3 – 63.4; 20:0 – 1.6

Tuber

Lipids: 62.7 – 70.1 mg/100 g fresh wt (chloroform-

methanol; as FAs) [6]; 0.10 – 0.11 fresh wt; 0.4 –

0.6 dry wt (acyl containing lipids) [7]

FAs, % (GLC), %: Low molecular acids – up to

5.0; 16:0 – 14.0–25.1; 18:0 – 2.0–5.5; 18:1 –

0.3–3.5; 18:2 – 37.0–62.9; 18:3 – 10.9–38.7

[6, 8]

GL, mg/100 g fresh wt: 13.74–14.87 (as glucose and

galactose) [6]

PhL, mg/100 g fresh wt: 2.23–2.26 (as phosphorus) [6]

Sterols, mg/100 g fresh wt: 4.20–4.29 [6]

Suberin (enzymatically, chloroform-methanol; TLC,

GLC) [9]

MS [9]

Composition of the suberin (from the cork layers of

young tubers)

Total monomers, %: 1-Alkanols C18 - C32 – 11.1;

alkanoic acids C16 - C32 – 8.2; a,o-alkanedioicacids C16 - C32 – 32.7; o-hydroxyalkanoic acidsC16 - C32 – 31.7; dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid –

tr; 9,10-epoxy-18-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid –

0.5; 9,10,18-trihydroxyoctadecanoic acids – tr;

9,10-epoxyoctadecane-1,18-dioic acid – tr; 9,10-

dihydroxyoctadecanedioic acid – 1.5 [10]

FAs, (GLC), %, 16:0 – 4.2; 18:1 – 6.95; 20:0 – 3.47;

22:0 – 14.20; 24:0 – 26.95; 26:0 – 26.08; 28:0 –

31.73 (5% OV 101) [9]; 16:0 – 1.4; 18:0 – 1.2;

20:0 – 1.7; 22:0 – 9.6; 24:0 – 20.1; 26:0 – 29.2;

28:0 – 31.1; 30:0 – 5.7; 32:0 – tr (SE-30; OV-17)

[10]

v-Hydroxy-FAs (GLC), %: Hydroxy-16:0 – 0.59;

hydroxy-18:1 – 95.48; hydroxy-22:0 – 1.10;

hydroxy-24:0 – 1.70; hydroxy-26:0 – 0.81;

hydroxy-28:0 – 0.29 (5% OV 101) [9]

Hydroxy-16:0 – 0.7; hydroxy-18:0 – 5.0;

hydroxy-18:1 – 76.6; hydroxy-20:0 – 0.2;

hydroxy-22:0 – 4.3; hydroxy-24:0 – 6.2;

hydroxy-26:0 – 4.8; hydroxy-28:0 – 2.2 (SE 30,

OV 17) [10]

a,v-Alkanedioic acid (GLC), %: 16:0 – 4.3; 18:1 –

95.6 (5% OV 101) [9]

16:0 – 1.2; 18:0 – 0.2; 18:1 – 98.2; 20:0 – tr; 22:0 – 0.1;

24:0 – 0.2; 26:0 – 0.1 (SE 30 and OV 17) [10]

Solanaceae 924 Solanum xanthocarpum Schard et Wendl.

Aliphatic constituents

Composition (TLC, GLC), %: 18-Hydroxyoctadec-

9,18-dioic acids – major; alkanols – 6.0; FAs –

8.0; o-hydroxy FAs – 16.0; dicarboxylic acids –24.0 [9]

MS [9]

Alkanols

Components (GLC), %: Saturated C16 – 3.12; C20 –

9.79; C22 – 26.46; C24 – 12.91; C26 – 18.12; C28 –

24.58; monoenic C18 – 4.79 (5% OV 101) [9]

C18 – 4.1; C20 – 1.4; C22 – 40.0; C24 – 18.1; C26 –

13.4; C28 – 23.0 (SE 30, OV 17) [10]

Plasmalemma

Lipids

NL and sterols, %: 48.0 [11]

Galactolipids, %: 21.0 [11]

PhL, %: 31.0 [11]

Components, %: PhC – 38.0; PhE – 47.0; PhI – 15.0;

PhC – 32.0; PhE – 46.0; DPhG – 3.0; PhI – 19.0;

PhA – tr [11]

FAs (GLC), %: 16:0 – 27.8; 18:0 – 8.4; 18:1 – 4.3;

18:2 – 40.0; 18:3 – 8.5

16:0 – 28.5; 18:0 – 7.5; 18:1 – 4.5; 18:2 – 41.0; 18:3

– 17.5 [11]

Microsomes

Lipids

NL, %: 36.5 [11]

Galactolipids, %: 16.0 [11]

PhL, %: 47.0 [11]

Composition, %: PhC – 44.8; PhE – 32.5; PhI –

16.0; DPhG – 1.0; PhA – 3.5; PhS – 1.0; PhG –

1.0 [11]

FAs(GLC), %: 16:0 – 31.0; 18:0 – 7.0; 18:1 – 0.5;

18:2 – 49.5; 18:3 – 12.0 [11]

Mitochondria

Lipids

FAs

Composition, %: 16:0 – 14.7; 18:0 – 2.7; 18:1 – 1.4;

18:2 – 63.5; 18:3 – 16.9 (whole organelles) [11]

16:0 – 24.0; 18:0 – 3.5; 18:1 – 1.8; 18:2 – 58.0; 18:3

– 12.7 (outer membrane) [11]

16:0 – 12.5; 18:0 – 2.3; 18:1 – 0.8; 18:2 – 67.4; 18:3

– 16.8 (inner membrane) [11]

PhL

Composition, %: PhC – 43.0; PhE – 30.0; DPhG –

8.0; PhA – 5.0; PhI – 7.0; PhS – 3.0; PhG – 3.0

(whole organelles) [11]

PhC – 27.0; PhE – 29.0; DPhG – 19.5; PhI, PhS, and

PhG – 24.5 (inner membranes) [11]

PhC – 52.6; PhE – 25.0; DPhG – 12.1; PhI, PhS, and

PhG – 10.3 [11]

Peroxisomes

Lipids

FAs

Composition, %: 14:0 – 2.0; 16:0 – 22.0; 18:0 – 2.1;

18:1 – 4.3; 18:2 – 56.0; 18:3 – 13.3 [11]

PhL

Composition, %: PhC – 61.0; PhE – 19.6; PhI – 4.3;

PhG – 15.1 [11]

Sterols, % total lipids: 4.6 [11]

Steryl glycosides, %: 1.0 [11]

Acylated steryl glycosides, %: 3.6 [11]

Use: Food-stuffs (as potato) [4].

References

1. G.R. Jamieson, E.H. Reid, Phytochemistry 10, 1837 (1971)

2. V.S. Rodionov, L.S. Zakharova, Biokhimiya 44(9), 1706

(1979) [in Russian]

3. M. Toyoda, M. Asahina, H. Fukawa, Tetrahedron Lett. (5),

4879 (1969)


743 (1984)

5. J. Gemel, V. Saczynska, Z. Kaniuga, Phytochemistry 28,

1813 (1989)

6. M.J. Fishwick, A.J. Wright, Phytochemistry 16, 1507 (1977)

7. V.D. Tsydendambaev, A.G. Vereshchagin, Appl. Biochem.

Microbiol. 16(6), 824 (1980) [in Russian]

8. T. Galliard, Phytochemistry 11, 1899 (1972)

9. P.E. Kolattukudy, V.P. Agrawal, Lipids 9, 682 (1974)

10. P.J. Holloway, Phytochemistry 22, 495 (1983)

11. P. Mazliak, Glyco- and phospholipids of biomembranes in

higner plants, in Lipids and Lipid Polymers in HigherPlants, ed. by M. Tevini, H.K. Lichtenthaler (Springer-

Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1977), pp. 48, 171

Solanum xanthocarpum Schard et Wendl.

Family: Solanaceae

Fruit

Triterpenols: Cycloartanol, cycloartenol [1]

Sterols: Sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, choles-

terol [1]

Sterylglucosides: Sitosterylglucoside, stigmasteryl-

glucoside [1]

Solanum xanthocarpum Schard et Wendl. 925 Solanaceae
Seed
Oil, %: 19.3 [2]

d27: 0.9240 [2]

Iodine value, % J2: 124.3 [2]


References

1. G. Koiwai, J. Beisler, Y. Sato, Phytochemistry 12, 397 (1973)


Russian]

Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources || Physalis peruviana L.

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