NECESSITY OF IR NECESSITY OF IR EXCHANGESEXCHANGES

FORMATION OF NATIONAL GRID – FORMATION OF NATIONAL GRID – POWERGRID MISSIONPOWERGRID MISSION

MERIT ORDERMERIT ORDER CHEAPER GENERATION IN ER/WRCHEAPER GENERATION IN ER/WR DIVERSITY OF LOADSDIVERSITY OF LOADS BACKUP DURING GRID BACKUP DURING GRID

DISTURBANCEDISTURBANCE OVERALL ECONOMYOVERALL ECONOMY

POWERGRID MISSIONPOWERGRID MISSION

Establishment and operation Establishment and operation of Regional and National of Regional and National Power Grids to facilitate Power Grids to facilitate transfer of power transfer of power across the across the regionsregions with Reliability, with Reliability, Security and Economy on Security and Economy on sound commercial principles. sound commercial principles.

SOUTHERN REGION

WESTERNREGION

EASTERN REGION

NORTHERN REGION

NORTH-EASTERN REGION

SOUTHERN REGION

WESTERNREGION

EASTERN REGION

NORTHERN REGION


‘ELECTRICAL’

REGIONS1

2

3

SAME FREQUENCY FROM GUJARAT TO ARUNACHAL PRADESH WITH EFFECT FROM MARCH 2003

ABOUT 2800 KMS! APART

WITH COMMISSIONING OF TALA PROJECT INDIA WOULD HAVE ONLY TWO GRIDS!!!

6

DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL GRID

NER

ER

NR

WR

SR

EXISTING

500MW

MW1000

MW500

GAZUWAKA

CHANDRAPUR

VINDHYACHAL

SASARAM

UNDERCONST.

EXISTING

400 kV

220 kV

BONGAIGAONBIRPARA

MALDA

KORBA BUDHIPADAR

KOLHAPUR

BELGAUM

U.SILERU

BALIMELA

DEHRISAHUPURI

MALANPUR

AURAIYA

PHASE-I(By 2002)

HVDC STATION

KOLAR

(KARNATAKA)

TALCHER

ORISSA)

TALCHER KOLAR HVDC LINE

LENGTH:1400 KMS

13450 MW

1000 MW6450 MW

4600 MW

1300 MW3200 MW

30,000 MW OF INTER-REGIONAL POWER BY 2012

EASTERN REGION

SOUTHERN REGION

WESTERNREGION

NORTHERN REGION


INTER-REGIONAL TRANSFER BY END OF 11th PLAN (2012)

TOWARDS A NATIONAL TOWARDS A NATIONAL GRIDGRID

INVESTMENTS IN CENTRAL INVESTMENTS IN CENTRAL SECTOR TRANSMISSION SECTOR TRANSMISSION PROJECTS ENVISAGED FOR 10PROJECTS ENVISAGED FOR 10thth AND 11AND 11tHtH PLAN: PLAN: 71,000 CRORES71,000 CRORES

INTER REGIONAL TRANSFER INTER REGIONAL TRANSFER CAPACITY ENVISAGED BY 2012 : CAPACITY ENVISAGED BY 2012 : 30,000 MW30,000 MW

POWERGRID SRLDC

T

A.P

KAR

T.N

KER

MAH

ORISSA

RAMAGUNDAM

NEYVELI

MAPS

GOA

PONDICHERRY

CHANDRAPUR

JEYPORE

GAZUWAKA

KOLHAPUR

BELGAUM

U.SILERUL.SILERU

BALIMELA

BARSURCSEB

AMBEWADI

INTER REGIONAL LINKS FROM INTER REGIONAL LINKS FROM SRSR

HVDC BI POLEHVDC B2B STATION

CENTRAL GEN.STATION

220 kV LINE

400 kV LINE

110 kV HVDC LINE

KOLAR

TALCHAR

KAIGA

MERIT ORDER : UNITS BOXED UPMERIT ORDER : UNITS BOXED UPPOWER STATION STATE CAPACITY(MW) FUEL

VARIABLE COST

TATA DIESELKARNATAK

A 79 DIESEL 308

RAYALSEEMA DGPP

KARNATAKA 27 DIESEL 360

YELEHANKA DIESEL

KARNATAKA 128 DIESEL 314

THANRBHAVIKARNATAK

A 220 NAPTHA 325

SUB-TOTAL 454

BRAHAMPURAM DPP KERALA 107 DIESEL 275

BSES KERALA 157 NAPTHA 308

KASARGODE PCL KERALA 22 NAPTHA 298

KAYAMKULAM KERALA 360 NAPTHA 322

SUB-TOTAL 646

BASIN BRIDGETAMIL NADU 120 NAPTHA 584

P.P.NALLURTAMIL NADU 330 NAPTHA 415

SUB-TOTAL 450

TOTAL 1550

OPTIMAL RESERVOIR UTILISATIONOPTIMAL RESERVOIR UTILISATIONIDUKKI IN KERALAIDUKKI IN KERALA

KERALA SAVED RS 50 CRORES BY EFFICIENT UTILISATION OF THE RESERVOIRS AT IDUKKI!

POWERGRIDs 400 KV MADURAI-TRIVANDRUM LINE WILL HELP KERALA

SAVE EVEN MORE ENERGY IN THE COMING

YEAR

PLANT OPERATORS AT IDUKKI THINK OF THE RESERVOIR LEVEL IN RUPEES RATHER

THAN IN FEET!!!

Rs. Rs.

Rs.

Rs.

Rs.

Rs.Rs.

Rs.

Rs.

Rs.

Rs.

Rs.

Rs.

Rs.

Rs.Rs.

KADAMPARAI PUMP KADAMPARAI PUMP OPERATIONOPERATION

-300

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

400

5000:

001:

002:

003:

004:

005:

006:

007:

008:

009:

0010

:00

11:0

012

:00

13:0

014

:00

15:0

016

:00

17:0

018

:00

19:0

020

:00

21:0

022

:00

23:0

00:

00

TIME ---->

IN M

W --

-->

48.50

49.00

49.50

50.00

50.50

51.00

FREQ

UENC

Y IN

HZ

---->

GENERATOR MODE

PUMP PUMP

SAVINGS OF RS 40 LAKHS EVERY DAY

INVESTMENT OF 1600 CRORES SAVED

47.50

48.00

48.50

49.00

49.50

50.00

50.50

51.00

25 26 27 28 29 30 31

DAYS ----->

FR

EQ

UE

NC

Y IN

HZ

---

->FREQUENCY PROFILEFREQUENCY PROFILE

2002, 2003 & 2004

HARNESSING DIVERSITYHARNESSING DIVERSITYAN EXAMPLE IN CENTRAL AN EXAMPLE IN CENTRAL

GRIDGRID

WESTERNREGION


EASTERN REGION

WESTERNREGION


EASTERN REGION

AT 1830 HRS

AT 2000 HRS

600 MW

1200 MW

EASTERN REGION HELPS

WESTERN REGION

WESTERN REGION HELPS

EASTERN REGION

ER TO WR FLOW: TYPICAL DAYHARNESSING DIVERSITY

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

1300

1400

1500

0:00

1:00

2:00

3:00

4:00

5:00

6:00

7:00

8:00

9:00

10:0

0

11:0

0

12:0

0

13:0

0

14:0

0

15:0

0

16:0

0

17:0

0

18:0

0

19:0

0

20:0

0

21:0

0

22:0

0

23:0

0

HOUR

MW

MAJOR AND MINOR DISTURBANCES SINCE MAJOR AND MINOR DISTURBANCES SINCE 19941994

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10N

UM

BE

R O

F D

IST

UR

BA

NC

ES

---

----

->

1994

-95

1995

-96

1996

-97

1997

-98

1998

-99

1999

-00

2000

-01

2001

-02

2002

-03

2003

-04

2004

-05

YEAR ->

MAJOR MINOR

NO DISTURBANCES DESPITE LOSING NO DISTURBANCES DESPITE LOSING ENTIRE SUPER GENERATING PLANTS LIKEENTIRE SUPER GENERATING PLANTS LIKE

RAMAGUNDAM,VIJAYAWADA,KOTHAGUDEM, NORTH RAMAGUNDAM,VIJAYAWADA,KOTHAGUDEM, NORTH CHENNAI, SHARAVATHY ETCCHENNAI, SHARAVATHY ETC

VARIABLE COST(Ps) OF POWER STATION IN SR AS ON JUNE 2004

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000P

ON

DY

PC

L (3

2.5

MW

)(19

.61

PS

)

NE

YV

ELI

-II S

TG 1

**(

630

MW

)(67

.99

PS

)

KO

VIL

KA

LAP

PA

L *(

105

MW

)(68

PS

)

JEG

UR

UP

AD

U (G

AS

)(21

6 M

W)(

82 P

S)

SP

EC

TRU

M (G

AS

)(20

8 M

W)(

83 P

S)

VIJ

JES

WA

RA

M -I

(100

MW

)(84

PS

)

VIJ

JES

WA

RA

M -I

I(172

.5 M

W)(

86 P

S)

B S

E S

(AP

)(G

AS

)(14

0 M

W)(

87 P

S)

RE

INS

CA

LCIN

ING

LTD

.(41

MW

)(90

PS

)

RA

MA

GU

ND

AM

(210

0 M

W)(

90 P

S)

LAN

CO

(350

MW

)(91

.48

PS

)

NE

YV

ELI

-II S

TG-II

**(

840

MW

)(94

.61

PS

)

SIM

HA

DR

I(100

0 M

W)(

96 P

S)

RA

MA

GU

ND

AM

-B(6

2.5

MW

)(96

PS

)

VIJ

AY

AW

AD

A T

.P.S

.-1&

2(10

50 M

W)(

101

PS

)

VIJ

AY

AW

AD

A T

.P.S

.-3(2

10 M

W)(

101

PS

)

KO

THA

GU

DE

M(B

)(21

0 M

W)(

108

PS

)

RA

ICH

UR

.T.P

S. *

*(12

60 M

W)(

110

PS

)

KO

THA

GU

DE

M(A

)(24

0 M

W)(

110

PS

)

KO

THA

GU

DE

M(C

)(22

0 M

W)(

123.

1 P

S)

KO

THA

GU

DE

M(D

)(50

0 M

W)(

124

PS

)

RA

YA

LAS

EE

MA

TP

P(4

20 M

W)(

126

PS

)

NO

RTH

MA

DR

AS

.T.P

.S(6

30 M

W)(

130.

98 P

S)

TUTU

CO

RIN

.T.P

.S(1

050

MW

)(13

3.5

PS

)

ME

TTU

R.T

.P.S

(840

MW

)(15

0 P

S)

V S

P *

(120

MW

)(16

9.11

PS

)

ST-

CM

S(2

50 M

W)(

171

PS

)

NE

YV

ELI

-I(60

0 M

W)(

185.

86 P

S)

EN

NO

RE

.T.P

.S(4

50 M

W)(

190.

2 P

S)

L V

S(3

7.8

MW

)(20

0 P

S)

YE

LEH

AN

KA

DE

ISE

L(12

7.92

MW

)(20

3.36

PS

)

NA

VB

HA

RA

T(35

MW

)(20

5 P

S)

BR

AH

MA

PU

AM

D P

P(1

06.5

MW

)(21

4 P

S)

NE

LLO

RE

(30

MW

)(22

5 P

S)

B S

E S

(KE

RA

LA)(

165.

5 M

W)(

225

PS

)

THA

NN

EE

RB

AV

I(235

MW

)(22

8 P

S)

JIN

DA

L(26

0 M

W)(

247

PS

)

BA

LAJI

(SA

MA

YA

NA

LLU

R)(

105

MW

)(24

7 P

S)

KO

ZHIK

OD

E D

PP

(128

.8 M

W)(

250

PS

)

GM

R V

AS

AV

I(196

MW

)(25

4 P

S)

SA

MA

LPA

TTY

IPP

(105

MW

)(26

3 P

S)

TATA

DE

ISE

L(81

.3 M

W)(

280

PS

)

KA

YA

MK

ULA

M N

TPC

(350

MW

)(29

0 P

S)

KA

SA

RG

OD

P C

L(2

1 M

W)(

300

PS

)

RA

YA

LAS

EE

MA

(37.

8 M

W)(

330

PS

)

PP

NA

LLU

R(3

30.5

MW

)(41

5 P

S)

BA

SIN

BR

IDG

E(1

20 M

W)(

468

PS

)

CU

MU

LATI

VE

INS

TALL

ED

CA

PA

CIT

Y IN

MW

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

VA

RIA

BLE

CO

ST

IN P

s/U

NIT

VARIABLE COST

CUMULATIVEINSTALLE

ABOUT 7000 MW OF CAPACITY IS BELOW 100 Ps

ABOUT14200 MW OF CAPACITY IS BELOW 200 Ps

ABOUT 16000 MW OF CAPACITY IS BELOW 300 Ps

CUM. INS. CAP.

ER,WR AND SR(EXCEPT HYDRO)Variable Cost and Cumulative Installed Capacity of Power Generating Station

2030405060708090

100110120130140150160170180190200210220230240250260270280290300P

ON

DY

PC

L (S

R)(

32.5

MW

)TA

LCH

ER

STP

P(E

R)(1

000

MW

)IB

VA

LLE

Y(E

R)(4

20 M

W)

KS

TPS

(WR

)(21

00 M

W)

KLT

PS

(WR

)(215

MW

)K

orba

(W) -

I(W

R)(

840

MW

)TA

PS

(WR

)(32

0 M

W)

Dah

anu(

BS

ES

)(W

R)(5

00 M

W)

Trom

bay(

TEC

)(WR

)(115

0 M

W)

PA

TRA

TU(E

R)(7

70 M

W)

BO

KA

RO

'A'(E

R)(

175

MW

)B

OK

AR

O'B

'(ER

)(63

0 M

W)

TALC

HE

R (E

R)(4

60 M

W)

Kor

ba(E

) - II

I(WR

)(24

0 M

W)

KA

PP

(WR

)(440

MW

)K

AH

ALG

AO

N(E

R)(8

40 M

W)

Ura

n(W

R)(9

12 M

W)

M.A

.P.S

KA

LPA

KA

M *

*(S

R)(3

40 M

W)

KO

VIL

KA

LAP

PA

L *(

SR

)(10

5 M

W)

Kor

ba(E

) - II

(WR

)(16

0 M

W)

FAR

AK

KA

(ER

)(16

00 M

W)

NE

YV

ELI

-II S

TG 1

**(

SR

)(63

0 M

W)

VS

TPS

I &

II(W

R)(

2260

MW

)U

tran(

WR

)(135

MW

)C

hand

rapu

r(W

R)(

2340

MW

)C

HA

ND

RA

PU

RA

(ER

)(75

0 M

W)

ICC

L(E

R)(

40 M

W)

NA

LCO

(ER

)(15

0 M

W)

Am

arka

ntak

(WR

)(290

MW

)JE

GU

RU

PA

DU

(Gas

)(SR

)(21

6 M

W)

KO

LAG

HA

T(E

R)(

1260

MW

)S

PE

CTR

UM

(Gas

)(SR

)(20

8 M

W)

VIJ

JES

WA

RA

M -I

(SR

)(100

MW

)V

IJJE

SW

AR

AM

-II(S

R)(1

72.5

MW

)K

hape

rkhe

da(W

R)(8

40 M

W)

B S

E S

(AP

)(G

as)(

SR

)(14

0 M

W)

BU

DG

E-B

UD

GE

(ER

)(50

0 M

W)

TEN

UG

HA

T(E

R)(

420

MW

)R

ains

Cal

cina

ting

Ltd.

(SR

)(41

MW

)R

.S.T

.P.S

(SR

)(210

0 M

W)

LAN

CO

(SR

)(35

0 M

W)

Bhu

saw

al(W

R)(

478

MW

)B

irsin

ghpu

r(WR

)(840

MW

)N

EY

VE

LI-II

STG

-II *

*(S

R)(8

40 M

W)

DU

RG

AP

UR

(ER

)(350

MW

)S

IMH

AD

RI(S

R)(1

000

MW

)R

AM

AG

UN

DA

M-B

(SR

)(62.

5 M

W)

Kor

adi (

WR

)(108

0 M

W)

ME

JIA

(ER

)(63

0 M

W)

SO

UTH

ER

N(E

R)(

135

MW

)TI

TAG

AR

H(E

R)(

240

MW

)G

AN

DH

AR

(WR

)(657

MW

)V

IJA

YA

WA

DA

T.P

.S.-1

&2(

SR

)(10

50 M

W)

VIJ

AY

AW

AD

A T

.P.S

.-3(S

R)(2

10 M

W)

SA

NTA

LDIH

(ER

)(48

0 M

W)

Par

as(W

R)(5

8 M

W)

Sat

pura

- I(W

R)(3

12.5

MW

)S

atpu

ra -

II &

III(W

R)(8

30 M

W)

KO

THA

GU

DE

M(B

)(S

R)(2

10 M

W)

RA

ICH

UR

.T.P

S. *

*(S

R)(1

260

MW

)K

OTH

AG

UD

EM

(A)(

SR

)(240

MW

)B

AN

DE

L(E

R)(

530

MW

)P

arli(

WR

)(69

0 M

W)

DP

PS

(ER

)(390

MW

)B

AR

AU

NI(E

R)(3

10 M

W)

TUTU

CO

RIN

.T.P

.S(S

R)(1

050

MW

)U

kai(W

R)(

850

MW

)N

asik

(WR

)(910

MW

)M

UZA

FFA

RP

UR

(ER

)(220

MW

)K

OTH

AG

UD

EM

(C)(S

R)(2

20 M

W)

KO

THA

GU

DE

M(D

)(SR

)(500

MW

)R

AY

ALA

SE

EM

A T

PP

(SR

)(420

MW

)S

LPP

(WR

)(25

0 M

W)

WTP

S-7

(WR

)(210

MW

)M

ETT

UR

.T.P

.S(S

R)(

840

MW

)G

TPS

-5(W

R)(2

10 M

W)

Dhu

vara

n (W

R)(5

34 M

W)

Dhu

vara

n (L

SH

S)(W

R)(2

7 M

W)

GP

EC

(WR

)(65

5 M

W)

Wan

akbo

ri(W

R)(1

260

MW

)N

OR

TH M

AD

RA

S.T

.P.S

(SR

)(630

MW

)V

S P

*(S

R)(

120

MW

)G

andh

inag

ar(W

R)(

660

MW

)S

ikka

(WR

)(24

0 M

W)

N.C

OS

SIP

OR

E(E

R)(1

30 M

W)

NE

YV

ELI

-I(S

R)(6

00 M

W)

Ess

ar(W

R)(5

15 M

W)

EN

NO

RE

.T.P

.S(S

R)(4

50 M

W)

MU

LAZO

RE

(ER

)(60

MW

)L

V S

(SR

)(37

.8 M

W)

YE

LEH

AN

KA

DE

ISE

L(S

R)(

127.

92 M

W)

Nav

bhar

at(S

R)(3

5 M

W)

GS

EG

(WR

)(15

6 M

W)

Bra

hmap

uam

D P

P(S

R)(

106.

5 M

W)

NE

LLO

RE

(SR

)(30

MW

)K

AIG

A A

.P.S

**(

SR

)(440

MW

)B

S E

S (K

ER

ALA

)(SR

)(165

.5 M

W)

THA

NN

EE

RB

AV

I(SR

)(23

5 M

W)

JIN

DA

L(S

R)(

260

MW

)K

OZH

IKO

DE

DP

P(S

R)(1

28.8

MW

)P

P N

ALL

UR

(SR

)(330

.5 M

W)

KA

WA

S(W

R)(

656

MW

)TA

TA D

EIS

EL(

SR

)(81

.3 M

W)

BA

LAJI

(Sam

ayan

allu

r)(S

R)(1

05 M

W)

KA

YA

MK

ULA

M N

TPC

(SR

)(350

MW

)G

MR

VA

SA

VI(S

R)(1

96 M

W)

Kas

argo

d P

C L

(SR

)(21

MW

)S

AM

ALP

ATT

Y IP

P(S

R)(1

05 M

W)

RA

YA

LAS

EE

MA

(SR

)(37.

8 M

W)

BA

SIN

BR

IDG

E(S

R)(

120

MW

)

Var

iabl

e C

ost (

Ps/

U)

0150030004500600075009000105001200013500150001650018000195002100022500240002550027000285003000031500330003450036000375003900040500420004350045000465004800049500510005250054000555005700058500

Cum

ulat

ive

inst

alle

d C

apac

ity o

fER

,WR

&S

R in

MW

Cum.Capacity

Variable Cost

Types of Inter-Types of Inter-connectionsconnections

AC links (Synchronous mode)AC links (Synchronous mode) DC Links (Asynchronous DC Links (Asynchronous

mode) mode)

throughthrough

- HVDC line and - HVDC line and Convertors/InvertorsConvertors/Invertors

- HVDC Back to Back system - HVDC Back to Back system

Features of AC linksFeatures of AC links Low cost (up to some distance)Low cost (up to some distance) Increased Fault level and InertiaIncreased Fault level and Inertia Synchronous operation (same Synchronous operation (same

frequency)frequency) No control on Power flowNo control on Power flow Fault in one Region may affect other Fault in one Region may affect other

RegionRegion Over voltage problemsOver voltage problems Huge Power is lost in Equalizing the Huge Power is lost in Equalizing the

frequencies thereby loosing the frequencies thereby loosing the advantage in Differential frequencyadvantage in Differential frequency

No run back schemesNo run back schemes

Features of DC Features of DC LinksLinks

Higher capital cost Higher capital cost Asynchronous operationAsynchronous operationImmunity from faults in both Immunity from faults in both RegionsRegionsControl on Power flowControl on Power flowOptimization through Optimization through frequency frequency DifferentialDifferential

High lights of various High lights of various HVDC linksHVDC links

Bypass arrangement Bypass arrangement (ex.Bhadrawati,Gazuwaka)(ex.Bhadrawati,Gazuwaka)

Power order setting Power order setting Minimum Power for deblockingMinimum Power for deblocking Ramping rate variationRamping rate variation Run Back systems / Power Demand Run Back systems / Power Demand

Overrides (PDOs)Overrides (PDOs) Automatic Filter switching for Reactive Automatic Filter switching for Reactive

power requirementpower requirement

TALCHER KOLAR LINKTALCHER KOLAR LINK ONE OF THE LONGEST HVDC LINES IN THE ONE OF THE LONGEST HVDC LINES IN THE

WORLDWORLD DESIGNED TO EVACUATE DESIGNED TO EVACUATE 2000 MW2000 MW COMMISSIONED IN ADVANCE TO UTILISE NON-COMMISSIONED IN ADVANCE TO UTILISE NON-

PEAK SURPLUS POWER OF EASTERN REGIONPEAK SURPLUS POWER OF EASTERN REGION COMMISSIONED 9 MONTHS AHEAD OF COMMISSIONED 9 MONTHS AHEAD OF

SCHEDULESCHEDULE COST INCURRED COST INCURRED Rs 3,100 CRORES Rs 3,100 CRORES AGAINST AGAINST

APPROVED COST OF APPROVED COST OF Rs 3,866 CRORESRs 3,866 CRORES:- SAVING OF :- SAVING OF NEARLY NEARLY 800 CRORE RUPEES800 CRORE RUPEES

THE PROJECT HAS USED THE PROJECT HAS USED APPROXIMATELY 90,000 TONNES OF APPROXIMATELY 90,000 TONNES OF STEEL AND 16,000 KM OF CABLES STEEL AND 16,000 KM OF CABLES

TALCHER-KOLARTALCHER-KOLAR IMPORT OF 12728MUs FROM ER THROUGH TALCHER-KOLAR UPTO OCT-04

YEAR ---YEAR --->>

20022002 20032003 20042004

MONTHMONTHSS

TOTAL TOTAL ENERGY ENERGY (IN MU)(IN MU)

MAX MAX FLOW FLOW

(IN MW)(IN MW)

TOTAL TOTAL ENERGENERGY (IN Y (IN MU)MU)

MAX MAX FLOW FLOW

(IN (IN MW)MW)

TOTAL TOTAL ENERGY ENERGY (IN MU)(IN MU)

MAX MAX FLOW FLOW

(IN (IN MW)MW)

JANJAN ------ ------ 311311 850850 805805 15281528

FEBFEB ------ ------ 273273 10101010 701701 15081508

MARMAR ------ ------ 491491 13161316 837837 16001600

APRAPR ------ ------ 473473 11831183 923923 15001500

MAYMAY ------ ------ 172172 10261026 652652 13851385

JUNJUN ------ ------ 277277 994994 688688 14161416

JULJUL ------ ------ 319319 10751075 759759 14901490

AUGAUG ------ ------ 346346 10881088 628628 13411341

SEPSEP 66 200200 512512 15331533 742742 15521552

OCTOCT 5858 500500 508508 1458 1458 829829 15501550

NOVNOV 7777 500500 470470 1048 1048

DECDEC 241241 750750 630630 1383 1383

TOTALTOTAL 382382 47824782 75647564

MAXMAX 750750 15331533 16001600

Defense MechanismDefense Mechanism

Run Back scheme in Gazuwaka HVDC Run Back scheme in Gazuwaka HVDC Power level reduces to 250MW ,Power level reduces to 250MW ,

- If Gazuwaka East bus Voltage - If Gazuwaka East bus Voltage <320kV <320kV

- If Gazuwaka ICT O/L alarm actuates- If Gazuwaka ICT O/L alarm actuates- If Jeypore ICT trips- If Jeypore ICT trips- If Jeypore-Indravati Line trips- If Jeypore-Indravati Line tripsPower level reduces to 150MW,Power level reduces to 150MW,- If East side frequency <49Hz and - If East side frequency <49Hz and if df/dt>=-0.3 Hz./sec. if df/dt>=-0.3 Hz./sec.

Defense Mechanism for Defense Mechanism for Talcher Kolar HVDC linkTalcher Kolar HVDC link

In case of any pole tripping, Inter-trip signal In case of any pole tripping, Inter-trip signal generated to trip associated AC lines at generated to trip associated AC lines at

Yerraguntla(AP), Yerraguntla(AP), Kolar, Hoody, Somanahalli(Karnataka)Kolar, Hoody, Somanahalli(Karnataka)Sriperambadur, Salem and Hosur (TN)Sriperambadur, Salem and Hosur (TN)

Mode of Oprn. Mode of Oprn. Power Level for Inter-trip Power Level for Inter-tripMono polar >400MW and pole tripsMono polar >400MW and pole tripsBi-polar >800MW/pole and one pole trips Bi-polar >800MW/pole and one pole trips Bi-polar >200MW/pole and both pole tripBi-polar >200MW/pole and both pole trip

contd..contd..

Defense Mechanism forDefense Mechanism for Talcher Kolar HVDC link Talcher Kolar HVDC link

Further PDOs at HVDc Kolar, Further PDOs at HVDc Kolar,

Condition Power reduced Condition Power reduced toto

If only 2 lines are available 500MWIf only 2 lines are available 500MW



Experience of SR Experience of SR in operation of IR linksin operation of IR links

Congestion in associated AC network in Congestion in associated AC network in (ex. 1)Over loading of Raipur-Rourkela, (ex. 1)Over loading of Raipur-Rourkela,

Raipur-Bhadravati, Chandrapur-Bhadravati Raipur-Bhadravati, Chandrapur-Bhadravati in case of more import from WR.in case of more import from WR.

2) Over loading of Chadrapur-Parli 2) Over loading of Chadrapur-Parli in case of more export to WR in case of more export to WR

3) Over loading of Jeypore-Jayanagar, Jeypore-3) Over loading of Jeypore-Jayanagar, Jeypore-Meramundali, Jeypore-Indravati, Talcher-Meramundali, Jeypore-Indravati, Talcher-Banjinagar(220kV), Gajuwaka-Vijayawada in case of Banjinagar(220kV), Gajuwaka-Vijayawada in case of more import from ER through Gazuwakamore import from ER through Gazuwaka

Reduced fault level at JeyporeReduced fault level at Jeypore

4) Reduced Securtiy & Overloading of Lines in case 4) Reduced Securtiy & Overloading of Lines in case Talcher import crosses 1500MWTalcher import crosses 1500MW

contd…contd…

Experience of SR Experience of SR in operation of IR linksin operation of IR links

Problems in Converter transformers at Problems in Converter transformers at Gazuwaka ( HENCE SUGGESTED FOR Gazuwaka ( HENCE SUGGESTED FOR STANDBY CONVERTER TRANSFORMERS AT STANDBY CONVERTER TRANSFORMERS AT ALL THE PLACES)ALL THE PLACES)

Harmonics in neutral of Kolar ICT and flow of Harmonics in neutral of Kolar ICT and flow of the same in associated systemthe same in associated system

Over voltage at Kolar due to Switching of Over voltage at Kolar due to Switching of filtersfilters

High losses in Monopolar- Metallic return High losses in Monopolar- Metallic return mode.mode.

Annual Maintenance of Poles.Annual Maintenance of Poles. CURTAILMENT OF STOA CURTAILMENT OF STOA

LOSSES IN HVDC LOSSES IN HVDC SYSTEMSYSTEM

POWER ORDER IN MW

% LOSS

MAX CAPACITY MIN. CAPACITY (50MW )

Loss optimizationLoss optimization

IR flows can influence SR System IR flows can influence SR System LossLoss

By importing more through KolarBy importing more through Kolar By exporting to WR from By exporting to WR from

Ramagundam-Chandrapur LinkRamagundam-Chandrapur Link During high frequency, More During high frequency, More

import from Gazuwaka preferred.import from Gazuwaka preferred.

Losses applicable Losses applicable for various transactionsfor various transactions

1. 1. For share from ER ISGS- ER+SR lossesFor share from ER ISGS- ER+SR losses2. For Talcher St-II power through 2. For Talcher St-II power through

Kolar, - SR lossesKolar, - SR losses3. For Talcher-St-II power when wheeled3. For Talcher-St-II power when wheeled through Gazuwaka – ER+SR lossesthrough Gazuwaka – ER+SR losses through Bhadravati – ER+WR+SR through Bhadravati – ER+WR+SR

losseslosses4. Wheeling of ER power through SR 4. Wheeling of ER power through SR – – ER+ SR lossesER+ SR losses

Normative % Losses of Normative % Losses of Central sector in various Central sector in various

RegionsRegionsER ~ 3 to 3.5%ER ~ 3 to 3.5%SR ~ 2.8 to 3.8%SR ~ 2.8 to 3.8%WR ~ 6 to 6.5%WR ~ 6 to 6.5%NR ~ 3 to 4%NR ~ 3 to 4%

Priority of Exchanges Priority of Exchanges through IR linksthrough IR links

Long Term transactions Long Term transactions

(ISGS Allocation to Beneficiaries (ISGS Allocation to Beneficiaries of the of the same region)same region)

Wheeling of ISGS share of Wheeling of ISGS share of Beneficiaries in Beneficiaries in other regionsother regions

any other long term transactions any other long term transactions approvedapproved

STOA TransactionsSTOA Transactions

PROCEDURE FOR PROCEDURE FOR CURTAILEMENTCURTAILEMENT

In case of transmission constraint , In case of transmission constraint , if curtailment is necessary then,if curtailment is necessary then,

Short term customers firstShort term customers first Long term customers nextLong term customers next

Within the category,Within the category, OA customers haveOA customers have

curtailment on pro curtailment on pro rata basisrata basis

Commercial AspectsCommercial Aspects

Metering and Scheduling points :Metering and Scheduling points :

SR-WRSR-WR

South Bus of HVDC BhadravatiSouth Bus of HVDC Bhadravati

SR-ERSR-ER

East Bus of HVDC GazuwakaEast Bus of HVDC Gazuwaka

AC Inter connector of Talcher AC Inter connector of Talcher St-I St-I and St-IIand St-II

TSTPP St-II scheduling and TSTPP St-II scheduling and DespactchDespactch

TSTPP St-II furnishes DC to SRLDC with a copy TSTPP St-II furnishes DC to SRLDC with a copy to ERLDC.to ERLDC.

SRLDC to carry out rest of the Scheduling SRLDC to carry out rest of the Scheduling processprocess

Talcher/ Gazuwaka set points to be decided in Talcher/ Gazuwaka set points to be decided in consultation with ERLDCconsultation with ERLDC

Talcher HVDC controlled by ERLDC.Talcher HVDC controlled by ERLDC. Gazuwaka HVDC controlled by SRLDC.Gazuwaka HVDC controlled by SRLDC. In case of Talcher Pole tripping TSTPP St-II In case of Talcher Pole tripping TSTPP St-II

Power wheeled through Gazuwaka/BhadrawatiPower wheeled through Gazuwaka/Bhadrawati

TSTPP St-II UI TSTPP St-II UI accounting accounting

TSTPP St-II – a SR ISGS embedded in ER TSTPP St-II – a SR ISGS embedded in ER system system

TSTPP St-II UI @ ER frequency and to pay to TSTPP St-II UI @ ER frequency and to pay to SR poolSR pool

Net injection of TSTPP St-II = (Talcher HVDC Net injection of TSTPP St-II = (Talcher HVDC Energy- flow on I/C betweenTalcher St-I&II)Energy- flow on I/C betweenTalcher St-I&II)

Variation in TSTPPSt-II Generation results in Variation in TSTPPSt-II Generation results in ER-SR UI, if HVDC set point not changedER-SR UI, if HVDC set point not changed

Sometimes –ve UI occurs if ER – SR Sometimes –ve UI occurs if ER – SR SCHEDULE flow is not changed in SCHEDULE flow is not changed in accordance with ER-SR frequency accordance with ER-SR frequency differential.differential.

Inter Regional UI Inter Regional UI settlement settlement IR UI calculated by each REB at IR UI calculated by each REB at

respective frequencyrespective frequency IR UI Payment on 1IR UI Payment on 1stst charge basis charge basis

without pro-rata reduction/averaging without pro-rata reduction/averaging outout

Importing Region to pay on lesser of Importing Region to pay on lesser of the two principle.the two principle.

Differential due to difference in UI Differential due to difference in UI rates on a/c of frequency deposited by rates on a/c of frequency deposited by importing region in their IRE account.importing region in their IRE account.

WR UI ER UI

IRE Settlement IRE Settlement

Such accrued amounts of Such accrued amounts of IRE account to be shared on IRE account to be shared on 50:50 basis between 50:50 basis between Beneficiaries of both RegionsBeneficiaries of both Regions

By way of credit in By way of credit in Transmission charges of Transmission charges of CTUCTU

Status of IRE a/c settlement Status of IRE a/c settlement in SR & other regionsin SR & other regions

100% settled to SR constituents 100% settled to SR constituents except for provision for Revisionsexcept for provision for Revisions

Rs. 5 cr. Released WR Rs. 5 cr. Released WR constituentsconstituents

Release to ER will start next Release to ER will start next week.week.

INTER-REGIONAL EXCHANGES WR A/C INTER-REGIONAL EXCHANGES WR A/C DETAILS UPTO 93 WKSDETAILS UPTO 93 WKS

TILL 10/10/04TILL 10/10/04

1. NET ENERGY TRANSACTION IS 146 MU (IMPORT BY SR).

2. AMOUNT ACCRUED IN SREB – IRE DUE TO DIFF. IN WR A/C = 41.83Crs

3. AMOUNT TO BE ACCRUED IN WREB – IRE DUE TO DIFF. IN SR A/C = 27.71Crs

4. AMOUNT DUE TO SR CONSTITUENTS ON 50:50 BASIS = 34.73Crs

5. AMOUNT ALREADY DISBURSED TO SR CONSTITUENTS = 33.39Crs

Procedure for Bidding RLDC concerned shall invite bids if

transmission capacity reservation sought by short term customer is more than the availability in a particular transmission corridor

The floor price of the bids for short term customer shall be about 1/4 th rate chargeable from long term customer and will be in Rupees per MW per day.

If customer gets the quantum of power he has bid for – he has to pay the price quoted by ‘last’ customer.

If customer gets a quantum lesser than that he has bid for – he gets to pay his bid price

INTER REGIONAL EXCHANGE WITH ERFOR 2004-05

135

222

0

50

100

150

200

250

ER RATE SR RATE

Avg

. R

AT

E (

pa

ise

/Kw

h)

IMPORT BY SR FROM ER (160 MU)

INTER REGIONAL EXCHANGE WITH ERFOR 2004-05

197

314

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

SR RATE ER RATE

EXPORT FROM SR TO ER (11 MU)

INTER REGIONAL EXCHANGE WITH WRFOR 2004-05

131

240

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

WR RATE SR RATE

IMPORT BY SR FROM WR (185 MU)

SR IRE = Rs. 41.83 Cr.

WR IRE = Rs. 27.71 Cr.

50% =Rs.34.73 Cr.

DISBURSED =Rs. 33.39 Cr

INTER REGIONAL EXCHANGE WITH WRFOR 2004-05

180

304

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

SR RATE WR RATE

EXPORT FROM SR TO WR (107 MU)

UI EXCHANGES BY STATES IN 2004-05

-800

-600

-400

-200

0

200

400

AP KAR KER TN

(9 Mu) 335

(1125 Mu) 194

(208 Mu) 217

207(1197 Mu)

(567 Mu) 220

222(74 Mu)

101(56 Mu)

649(1 Mu)

NOTE: FIGS. IN BRACKETS INDICATE THE ENERGY OVERDRAWN/UNDERDRAWN

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