Linking Services and Linked Data

Linked Services for the Web of DataJohn Domingue, Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, UKSTI International, Austria

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OverviewLinked data introductionLinked data successesLinked ServicesApproaches and principlesTechnologies supporting Linked ServicesModels: MicroWSMO, WSMO-Lite and the Minimal Service ModelTools: iServe, SWEET and OmniVokeSample applicationsHouse huntingIntegrating advertising and video in WatchnBuyCurrent and future workSummary

linked data introduction

Semantic Web Stack

RDF = Subject, Property, Value Triples

Triples combine to make Graphs

Linked Data PrinciplesUse URIs as names for things.Use HTTP URIs so that people can look up those names.When someone looks up a URI, provide useful RDF information.Include RDF statements that link to other URIs so that they can discover related things.

Tim Berners-Lee, http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html, 2006

Set of best practices for publishing structured data on the Web in accordance with the general architecture of the Web.

linked data successes

BBC Sports

BBC Sports

BBC Sports

www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/sport

Live Video Streams

27 Live Video Steams for Olympics Live Stats overlaysStats -> Ontology driven aggregations13

I Like Casablanca

Open Graph Protocol Inspired by Dublin Core, link-rel canonical, Microformats, and RDFa.3,000,000 likes per day! Like buttons now appearing across all websites. These now generate With associated data

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People, photos, friends and the Web

700 billion minutes per month on Facebook900 million content pages30 billion pieces of contentGenerating a graph of people, photos, friends and online resources15

Supports RDFa Lite a lightweight version of RDFa which can be used to embed RDF into web pages16

Google Buys MetaWeb

Freebase Data

Google knowledge graphBased on Metawebs Freebase19

8665 datasets20

Application Portals

Where does my money go?

ASBOrometer

Linked Open Data Cloud

31billion statements, 450M links24

Linked services

Linked Data and ServicesProvide a platform for building applications on top of Linked DataConnect services and semantic formats within the Web contextEase the tasks associated with building applications from online service components

Web APIs

J. Mosser: Open APIs: state of the market, Glue conference 2011

Linked services approach and principles

So how do we link to this wealth of data?

We have our own repository of service descriptions within the cloud. We are the first and still only service repository in this space. The are created using a variety of tools. Note that when creating our descriptions we can rely on existing descriptions in the cloud. In the same way as one web page can point to another to expand a description.29

Which can produce data for this large semantic cloud30

Linked Services PrinciplesServices described as Linked DataInputs, outputs, functionality, etc is described using RDF(S) and using existing vocabularies Consume and produce RDFApplications may contain standard services tooProcess layer on top of the Web of Data

Technologies supporting Linked Services

MicroWSMO & WSMO-Lite

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WSMO-Lite ontology of service semantics describes services for SWS automationSAWSDL puts pointers to WSMO-Lite semantics in WSDLMicroWSMO and hRESTS are lightweight equivalents for SAWSDL and WSDL for RESTful services

Minimal Service Model

WSMO-Lite ontology of service semantics describes services for SWS automationSAWSDL puts pointers to WSMO-Lite semantics in WSDLMicroWSMO and hRESTS are lightweight equivalents for SAWSDL and WSDL for RESTful services

SWEET & SOWER

LPML deployment

Process EditorDiscovery incl. TG, Optimizer, DTC

SOA4All Process LifecycleService annotationProcess modeling Process execution

Analysis & Monitoring

incl. BPEL-based execution environmentInvocation

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iServe service repository

iServe Key FeaturesSupport for several SWS formalismsWSMO-Lite, MicroWSMO, SAWSDL, OWL-SSupports access viaWeb Application - iServe BrowserRead and Write RESTful APILinked Data principlesSPARQL endpointContent negotiation (RDF, HTML)Support for hybrid discoveryIntegration of social features (tags, comments, ratings)

iServe Browser

Linked Open Data Cloud

iServe Context

iServe Architecture

sweet

SWEET Workflow

SWEET: Initial StateDynamics, APIs and Services / Hands-on SWEET/iServe and WSMT- 44Input: HTML description of the Web API (local representation of the HTML, which is used as a basis for the annotation process)Addition of the HTML tagsCurrent status of the annotation in the form of a tree structure

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Identifying Service Properties

Semantic Annotation

SWEET Architecture

omnivoke

OmniVoke Context

OmniVoke Architecture

Typical Application scenario

Sample applications

Example 1: House Hunting picture by Susana Vazquez at flickr.com

Now I come to a first of 3 examples. This one from a recent project. Imagine that you are moving to a new area and you are looking for a house. You would be concerned with 59

public transport

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schools

www.tauntonschool.co.uk

Depending on your circumstances61

Within one of my projects (soa4all) we have developed an iPhone App to support this. Its available in the store and called the soa4all real estate finder62

Mulberry school and others63

Behind the Scenes

Train stationsBus stopsSchools

Real estatePublic Data and Services

discoveryinvocationpublishing

Service Broker

Services over public data (to the singers in the virtual choir)Service broker is like the conductor. Services are published in our broker. An engine translates between user actions and details of invoking services (each service may have its own idiosyncratic way of being invoked)User interacts with the iPhone Appdiscovery based on user preferences and location -> services are available Services are not fixed (like singers for each performance). adding more for crime statistics also based on public data.

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Watchnbuy

Our Model

Architecture

Current and future work

ParkJam70

http://parking.kmi.open.ac.uk/

Sharing Human Body Processes

Patient AvatarPersonalised Model

Cardiovascular Workflow

http://www.vph-share.eu/

elasticity of heart muscles, another modelling blood flow, another for different dysfucntionsPatient avatar: a digital personalised representation of a patient for diagnosis and treatmentIn the media domain

We have a new project which started in Spring which will look at sharing processes related to the human body across Europe to support research and patient care. One of the processes to be modelled will be the human heart. The idea is that across varies labs in Europe there will be a bits and pieces of data and software e.g. Our broker will be used to put these pieces together into a coherent whole and also to integrate into patient specific data leading to personalised patient avatars a digital represention of your relevant processes supporting diagnosis and treatment.

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COMPOSE72

An open and scalable service Market Place toProvide an IoT enabling ecosystemEasily and securely develop, deploy, share and maintain services based on Internet-connected smart objectsCover the whole service lifecycle by integrating a number of innovative technological enablers in a coherent wayService design and execution environmentGive birth to a new business ecosystemFor SMEs as well as large enterprises

3 use-cases throughout the project lifetime: smart building, city, region

SAP 2010 / Page 73

ServiceAggregator

ServiceHoster

ServiceProvider

ServiceGateway

ServiceBroker

ServiceChannel Maker

The Internet of Services Unified Service Description Language (USDL) See also: http://www.internet-of-services.de/index.php?id=24 Service Transformation stands for a value-driven, smooth and effective provision of services along the Global Service Delivery Supply ChainService Transformation implies that Services are beingDescribed considering business, operational and legal requirementsMaintained, extended and assembled where needed Applying a common notation named USDL

USDL http://www.internet-of-services.com/

Linked-USDL http://www.linked-usdl.org/

Threats to Society

A New Era of Socio-Inspired TechnologyBetter understanding, monitoring, and management of global society enabled by new ICTNew socially interactive ICT enabled by complexity theory and novel social scienceinfluences

computer science

influencessocialscience

complexity science

high-level semantically meaningful information

complex predictions (e.g financial crisis likely)

PlanetaryNervousSystemGlobalParticipatory Platform

Living Earth Simulator

SummaryLinked data now a mainstream mechanism for sharing data on the WebNow a requirement for application development supportEspecially within emerging Linked Data portalsLinked servicesServices which consume and produce linked data Described as Linked DataApproaches and principlesTechnologies supporting Linked ServicesModels: MicroWSMO, WSMO-Lite and the Minimal Service ModelTools: iServe, SWEET, OmniVoke.Validation of approach through diverse application scenariosLinked-USDL for services at the business level

AcknowledgementsBBC slides adapted from Jem Rayfield http://www.slideshare.net/JemRayfield/mark-logic-usergroup2012Internet of Services adapted from SAP including Axel Fasse http://www.slideshare.net/drleidig/linked-usdl-at-the-fiware-architects-weeks-in-madridChris Bizer, Jacek Kopecky, Ning Li, Dong Liu, Maria Maleshkova, Carlos PedrinaciFunded by the SOA4All, NoTube, PlanetData and VPH Share projects

ThanksMore details at: iserve.kmi.open.ac.uk

Interested in a PhD Studentship or internship?John.domingue@open.ac.uk