Linked Data: A short(-ish) introduction
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Transcript of Linked Data: A short(-ish) introduction
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Linked DataA short(-ish) introductionBricolage Project meeting, Bristol, 26 Jan 2012
Pete Johnston Technical Researcher, [email protected]
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Document Web Principles
• Use URIs as names of documents• Use http URIs, so that people can use HTTP protocol to
look up those names• When someone looks up a URI, provide the document
(*)• Use document standards, e.g. HTML• Include links to other documents, so that people can
discover more documents
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Use URIs as names of documents
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D.H._Lawrence
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Use http URIs…
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D.H._Lawrence
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Provide the documents
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Use document standards
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Include links to other docs
• Links typically “untyped”<a href="/wiki/Eastwood,_Nottinghamshire" title="Eastwood,
Nottinghamshire">Eastwood</a>
<a href="/wiki/Lady_Chatterley%27s_Lover" title="Lady Chatterley's Lover">Lady Chatterley's Lover</a>
<a href="/wiki/Joseph_Conrad" title="Joseph Conrad">Joseph Conrad</a>
Occasionally “typed”<link rel="copyright“ href=“http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/" />
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(*) On “providing the document”: content negotiation
• Client HTTP request for doc includes info about preferences, e.g.• Language (Prefer English, but will accept Spanish)• Media-type (Prefer XHTML, but will accept HTML,
plain text)• Server responds with representation of doc which best
matches preferences
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Linked Data Principles (a version!)
• Use URIs as names of things• people, places, concepts, documents… anything!• (avoid URI ambiguity)
• Use http URIs so that people and programs can look up those names
• When a person or program looks up a name, provide (representations of) documents about the things
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Linked Data Principles (a version!)
Use data standards: RDF Include typed links to other things
so that people and programs can discover other things
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Use URIs as names of things
http://dbpedia.org/resource/D.H._Lawrence
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Use http URIs…
http://dbpedia.org/resource/D.H._Lawrence
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Provide documents about those things…
Thing:http://dbpedia.org/resource/D.H._Lawrence
Document:http://dbpedia.org/page/D.H._Lawrence
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…with representations suitable for people…
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…and representations suitable for programs
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Use data standards: RDF
• A way to model data• Assertions of relationships between two things• Triples: subject, predicate, object
DH Lawrence has-notable-work Lady Chatterley's Lover
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Use data standards: RDF
• Triples: use URIs as “words”/names <http://dbpedia.org/resource/D._H._Lawrence> <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/notableWork> <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Lady_Chatterley
%27s_Lover>• In RDF syntaxes, URIs often abbreviated
• dbpedia:D._H._Lawrence
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Use data standards: RDF
• Extensibility of vocabulary• Reuse of vocabulary• “Self-description”
• vocabulary terms described using RDF• Rules for data merging/integration• “Formal semantics”, basis for inferencing
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Include typed links to other things
dbpedia:D._H._Lawrence dbp-owl:birthPlace dbpedia:Eastwood,_Nottinghamshire ; dbp-owl:notableWork dbpedia:Lady_Chatterley%27s_Lover ; dbp-owl:influencedBy dbpedia:Joseph_Conrad .
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“Linked data is data you can click on”(?John Sheridan, National Archives)
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Linked Data from British Library: D. H. Lawrence
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Linked Data from OCLC VIAF: D. H. Lawrence
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Linked Data from Freebase: D. H. Lawrence
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Linked Data from BBC: Programmes related to D. H. Lawrence
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Archives Hub EAD data: D. H. Lawrence letters
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Sindice/Sig.ma: RDF data aggregator/search
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RDF & Linked Data: some strengths/features
• Designed for the Web, “open world”• Anyone can say anything about anything• No-one says everything about anything
• Extensible, decentralised• Rules for data merging/integration• Inferencing
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RDF & Linked Data: Some challenges
New concepts, formats, tools (Re)modelling/migration/conversion Linking & identity Versioning & time Trust
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How?
• Model our “world” • Design URI patterns• Select/create RDF vocabularies• Convert/transform data• Generate links• Publish/expose data
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Acknowledgements / some useful sources
• Tom Heath & Chris Bizer, Linked Data: Evolving the Web into a Global Data Space http://linkeddatabook.com/
• Yves Raimond & Michael Smethurst, “A skim-read introduction to linked data”http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/radiolabs/s5/linked-data/s5.html
• Dave Reynolds, “Linked data and its role in the semantic web”http://www.slideshare.net/der42/introduction-to-linked-data-and-the-semantic-web-8700415
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Linked DataA short(-ish) introductionBricolage Project meeting, Bristol, 26 Jan 2012
Pete Johnston Technical Researcher, [email protected]