Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel...

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Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird, Utah
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Page 1: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

Linear Completeness Thresholdsfor Bounded Model Checking

Thomas Wahlwith: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine,

Ofer Strichman, James Worrell

CAV 2011, Snowbird, Utah

Page 2: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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Bounded LTL Model Checking

= search for CEXs along bounded paths:

Computer-Aided Verification, Snowbird, Utah

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Page 3: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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Toward Verification: Lifting the Bound

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Page 4: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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Doesn’t that already exist?

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Page 5: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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Even for all of LTL?

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• Awedh & Somenzi, CAV’04• Clarke et al., VMCAI’04

Page 6: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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Our Goal•

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⇒ no product; result parametric

Page 7: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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Def.: Linear Compl. Thresholds

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Page 8: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

A Non-Linear Example

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and familyof Kripkestructures:

Page 9: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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Cliqueyness

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“Directed graph is cliquey”: every strongly connected component (SCC) is a clique.

cliquey! not cliquey

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Page 10: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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Cliqueyness is what we need!

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Theorem: Cliquey automatahave linear completeness thresholds.

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Page 11: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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Tightening the Threshold

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Algorithm itself also has linear complexity!

Page 12: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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Cliquey Automata and LTL

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Page 13: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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Is all of LTL\X cliquey?

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This formula’s BA is semantically non-cliquey.

Page 14: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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A Cliquey LTL\X Fragment

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Theorem: Unary LTL\X formulas (LTL\XU)have cliquey automata encodings.

Corollary: LTL\XU ⇒ Cliquey ⇒ LCT.

Page 15: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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Summary:Cliqueyness and LTL Fragments

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All inclusions are strict!

Page 16: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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Back toLinear Completeness Thresholds

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Page 17: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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Non-Linear CTs:How complex does it get?

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Page 18: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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Summary

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Page 19: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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Open Issues

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Page 20: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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Open Issues

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End.

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Page 22: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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Roadmap

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BAs of class “X”permit LCTs

LTL formulas of class “Y”have “X” automata

If not LCT,how bad is it?

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Page 23: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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Nomenclature

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Page 24: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

Product Automaton

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Page 25: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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Cliqueyness Expressible in LTL

• Cliqueyness is expressible in LTL (*-free ω-regular expression)• Thus, cliquey BAs encode LTL formulas• Cliqueyness not expressible in LTL\X In fact, there are cliquey BAs that do not correspond to any LTL\X formula. (Problem: stuttering!)

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Page 26: Linear Completeness Thresholds for Bounded Model Checking Thomas Wahl with: Daniel Kroening, Joel Ouaknine, Ofer Strichman, James Worrell CAV 2011, Snowbird,

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Cliquey = LCT ?

Computer-Aided Verification, Snowbird, Utah10/19/2011