Light Weight Methods to Drive Your Designs Forward
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Transcript of Light Weight Methods to Drive Your Designs Forward
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Using Light Weight Methods to Drive Your Designs Forward A hands-on workshop by Nicole Capuana
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Get the tools we will use today
Prototype on Paper● Download & create an
account at popapp.in
InvisionApp● Create an account online
at invisionapp.com
Usability testing scorecard● Download/make a copy of scorecard http://bit.ly/1IYbRXC
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Hello!
● Director of User Experience at LeanDog● Founding member of HER Ideas in Motion, a
non-profit teaching girls how to code, design games, & build robots
● Organizer of Cleveland Lean Startup Circle● Over 15 years in UX covering the whole
spectrum - HTML/CSS. interaction design, visual design, information architecture, user research, usability & content strategy
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LogisticsGet up and move
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About our day together
● We will work in teams of 4● You’ll mostly work in pairs and as a group● Each group has a kit of materials you will need
● You can’t know anyone in the group● Introduce yourself to your team● The rules are simple: be open and respect each other
Find/Form a Team
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Today, you will learn:
● How to do a variety of methods that will propel your teams towards making products that people love
● How easy these methods are and how you can start using them immediately
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The ChallengeCodeMash attendees could need help:
● connecting with other attendees ● finding their way around
● deciding which talks to go to ● something else?
Create a mobile app that makes CodeMash the most interesting, engaging, and inclusive conference experience.
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What would you want this app do?(write it down)
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Now crumple it up & throw it out
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You are not the user
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There’s lots of user personas here & they all have different needs
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Part 1Getting started with user research
● Contextual Inquiry● Interviews● Empathy maps & personasMorning
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We’re going to combine 2 methods before we practice
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The first rule of user research: never ask anyone what they want.
— Erika Hall, Just Enough Research
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Contextual InquiryMethod #1
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What is it?
It’s a research method that where you observe and interview users in context to:
● Understand how the user actually uses the product or accomplishes their tasks in the real-world
● Have people talk about what they are doing and why they do what they do
● See the environment and context of use
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How to do it?
● One on One with user● Set an objective of what you want to learn ● Introduce yourself● Tell them a little bit about what you’re doing and what the session is like● Make sure to let them know you’re here to see how they work or use the product
and you are NOT evaluating them or their work● Watch, listen, pay attention ● Take notes● Ask questions, don’t assume anything - probe to find out why (not judgemental)● Thank them● Summarize your notes
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User InterviewsMethod #2
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What is it?
● Another research method used to gain insight and empathy into users’ motivations, mental models, pain points, challenges, processes, and stories
● It is asking questions to hear from target users what they think, feel, and how they go about getting their task done
● It uses open-ended questions to drive out stories● It’s done one person at a time ● It is not a focus group● It will give you some clarity but will also generate more questions you need to
answer
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How to do it?
● Create a script to guide you and give you some consistency● Go where your users are and ask them open-ended questions● It is conversational but the user should be doing most of the talking - you need
to ask and really listen● Get their stories out● Ask follow-up questions, probe, find out why, dig deeper● Avoid “do you like”, “yes/no”, and the “woulds”● Don’t ask what they want● Don’t pitch or sell a solution● Be open
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3 Questions to Ask
● What are you trying to get done? Why?● Can you show me how you currently do this?● Can you show me what’s frustrating about
your current process?
Charles Liu at KISSmetrics
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Let’s practice!
As a team draft the following:● What questions do you want to find out about your users (5 minutes)● Outline what to look out for in contextual inquiry (5 minutes)● Create a script/guide for interviewing users (5 minutes)● Break into pairs - make sure each pair has the script/guide● Decide who will start as the interviewer and who will take notes (you will switch
so everyone has a chance to play that role) ● Find a pair on another team to interview and observe using the CodeMash app
or website (20 minutes total - each interview is 5 minutes)● Find another pair to interview (20 minutes total)
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15 minute break
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Empathy MapsMethod #3
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What is it?
● It is a tool to create an artifact that quickly paints a holistic picture of a target persona
● Based on what you’ve learned through your interviews and observations
● Some data you will need to infer● It surfaces behaviors, motivations, and
actions● Consists of 6 sections - hears, thinks, sees,
feels, does, and says● Serves as an initial persona to guide
development (refine as you learn more)
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How to do it?
● Get a large poster or wall space● Draw out the sections around a large circle at the center ● From all of your interviews and observations, write one finding per sticky note
and place on the section it relates to● The more interviews you have, multiple personas will emerge (it’s a bit magical)● As a group, identify patterns and themes that emerge, discuss the insights and
decide who the persona is● Draw a picture of the persona in the middle and give them a name● Draft a key scenario for this persona that meets their needs when using your
product ● Identify features that would help this persona
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Let’s practice!
We’ll use the Paul Boag adaptation today
● Discuss as a team findings from all your interviews
● Write one finding per sticky note and place on the map
● What does the map tell you? Who is this person?
● After all findings on map, draw a picture of the persona that emerges in the middle
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Show & TellWho are our personas?
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Morning RetroMethod #4
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What is it?
● A regularly scheduled checkpoint where a team reflects upon their recent activity to celebrate successes, identify opportunities for improvement, and recognize innovation possibilities
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How to do it?
● There’s lot’s a ways to structure it● The simplest is what did we do well, what can we improve on, and what did we
learn● Set on a regular cadence, held in safe environment● Short ● Not a bitch session● Generate 1-2 key action items for the group to work on● At the next retro, report on action item progress
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Reflecting on this morning:
What did you learn?
What did you do well with?
What did you want more help with?
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After lunch, come back to:● Play the whole product game, ● Quickly generate design ideas● Create a clickable prototype● Write, run and assess a usability test
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Lunch :)I challenge you to interview a few more people & observe attendees
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Part 2● Envision the whole● Generate ideas & designs● Build a prototype● Test with users● Assess usabilityAfternoon
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Welcome back
● Who is new?● Did anyone interview people over lunch?● Get back together with your teams● If your team lost someone, please raise your hand and a new person can join
you● Review your personas goals
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The ChallengeCodeMash attendees could need help:
● connecting with other attendees ● finding their way around
● deciding which talks to go to ● something else?
Create a mobile app that makes CodeMash the most interesting, engaging, and inclusive conference experience.
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Whole Product GameMethod #5
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What is it?
● Created by Innovation Games ● Typically, use at the start of a project● The psychology of game play and physical activity instantly engages the players● Brings the different perspectives and ideas out● Generates discussions for what goes into making a great product● Helps the team reach a shared understanding of the product
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Let’s play
For the app you will design to meet our challenge - think of what goes into it
● Write one idea per sticky note● Write as many ideas as you have● Place the notes in the ring you
feel it belongs in● After you’ve all put your ideas on
the board, review and discuss
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Design Studio MethodMethod #6
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What is a Design Studio?
● A way to rapidly generate and explore many ideas and solutions to a problem through sketching, iteration, and critique
● It won’t generate the final solution● The evangelists: Will Evans and Todd Zaki Warfel● Use when starting a project, you’re stuck, or you’re tackling a new feature● It’s a sketching exercise ● It’s not meant to be perfect just enough to convey the concept
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Why use Design Studio?
● Ideas come from everyone and anywhere● Allows for divergence and then convergence of ideas ● Builds upon great ideas● Brings the whole team together (differing perspectives, collaboration,
investment in the problem by contributing)● Speeds design● Creates a shared understanding & ownership● And everyone loves it!
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How to do it?
● Get your supplies - markers, plain sheets of paper● You’ll need a timer● Explain that if you can draw a circle, square, triangle and line, your participants
can do it● Cycle through as many rounds of sketch, pitch, critique as time for (you could
spend a whole day doing this)● Remember 5-3-2
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Ready?
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Individually sketch6-8 concepts that meet the goals of your users
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3 minutesto pitch - how you addressed the goals
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2 minutesto critique - based on goals, not what you like
2-3 ways solves problem or meets goals 1-2 ways to improve
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Now as a team combine, refine, and re-sketchconcepts
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3 minutesfind another team to pitch to - how you addressed the
goals
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2 minutesto critique - based on goals, not what you like
2-3 ways solves problem or meets goals 1-2 ways to improve
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15 minute break
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Make a PrototypeMethod #7
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Paper prototyping
● Fast & iterative● Easy to change● Test key concepts
before you invest in the details
● Test physicality
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Tools
Excellent review of tools by Cooper - http://www.cooper.
com/prototyping-tools
Some tools:● are free, some cost a bit but not much● most have a trial or free version for 1
project ● are for mobile design only, others cover
complex interactions & animations● have extensive UI libraries or building
kits to get you started quickly● allow on device testing● allow for real-time collaboration and
annotations
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Let’s practice!
● Take the concepts you honed in Design Studio and re-sketch a more detailed version on the long post-its
● You want to create a flow within the app (we will be testing this concept with users to see how the design works for the user)
● Take photos of the screens● Upload the photos to either POP or InvisionApp● Create hotspots to link together and animate your mockups● Get the prototype on the team’s phones
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If your photos aren’t in the right orientation
There is a bit of a bug in InvisionApp - sometimes your photos will come in oriented wrong. You can do 2 things:
1. Open the photos in an editor and edit them2. or download the InvisonApp (iOS only)
○ Login to app○ Then from your photo stream, go to share photos and more (...)○ Then choose Invision as the option to share○ Bring up the window and name the screen○ Select the prototype to send it to
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User TestingMethod #8
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What is it?
● A moderated test with target users to uncover usability issues with the product● Participants have to complete key actions and tasks● It can be formal or informal● At minimum there is a facilitator and an observer● You will always learn something
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How to do it?
Logistics for setting up your test● Find your target users (get out of the building or recruit)● Set objectives of what you need to answer or learn overall and at scenario levels● Create 2 scripts - one for the participant and one for the moderator
○ The participant guide is task based and provides the scenario for context and then the tasks they have to complete
○ The moderator guide has the questions for each task or scenario - put the test objectives on this script
● Determine who will moderate and who will be record notes, videos● Determine where you will run the test● Print a copy of the moderator script for each observer● Print a participant script
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Sample scriptObjective: User can set and use a cue timer
Scenario: You need to set up a cue timer for your upcoming gig. You’ll have the stage for 5 minutes.
Your tasks:● Launch the Stage Timer app and set up your timer. You want to know when you hit the 4 minute and 4:
30 marks. ● Answer the facilitator’s questions.
For the facilitator:1. How do you create a new timer?2. How do you play/activate a timer?3. What do the colors mean?
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How to do it?
Getting ready to start the test● Introduce yourself to the participant● Tell them that they are helping to assess the product and it is NOT a test of
them or their abilities● Ask them to think out loud as they go through their tasks● Tell them that you will be asking them some questions and the observer will be
taking notes● Tell them that it’s natural that they might have questions and you may respond
with a question like “what do you think it does”● Record the session if you can because you won’t remember everything
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How to do it?
Scoring & assessing the testAfter each participant:
● Collectively assess what you observed - what worked, what didn’t, where the participant struggled
● Use a scorecard to quickly surface the components that need further attention ● Use affinity mapping to identify themes across participants
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Using the scorecard
Get it at http://bit.ly/1IYbRXC
● Break your scenario into key actions ● Using 0-1, score each participant for
each key action● You may have to add more rows and
slightly adjust the formulas - the main tab is the one named scorecard
● The scorecard will calculate a score for each action and an overall score of the scenario
○ 50% or lower is highlighted red○ 51%-70% is highlighted yellow
The scorecard is a means to help teams get consensus and direction
on what to focus on
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Let’s practice!
● Create scripts for a task within your app (5 minutes)● Set up a scorecard for your test (10 minutes)● Determine who will moderate and who will take notes● Find another team, run a test with a person from that team● Switch and repeat (15 minutes)
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Afternoon RetroRevisiting Method #4
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Reflecting on this afternoon:
What did you learn?
What did you do well with?
What did you want more help with?
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It takes practiceinvolve the whole team so everyone is focused on
making the best experience
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ResourcesRocket Surgery Made Easy: The Do-It-Yourself Guide to Finding and Fixing Usability Problemsby Steve Krug
Universal Methods of Design: 100 Ways to Research Complex Problems, Develop Innovative Ideas, and Design Effective Solutionsby Bella Martin, Bruce Hanington
Articles, videos, templates● How Reframing a Problem Unlocks Innovation● 8-up template● Todd Zaki Warfel (video) ● Design Studio: A Method for Concepting, ● Critique & Iteration ● Speed Design Studio -● Design Studio for context-aware products ● Introduction to Design Studio Methodology● Design of Design Studio● Design Studio and Agile UX Process and Pitfalls● How Prototyping is Replacing Documentation ● Vive le Prototype● Building Clickthrough Prototypes To Support
Participatory Design● State of the Prototyping Union – A Review of the
Top 5 Mobile Prototyping Tools
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Thanks!P.S. - I’m hiring :)
@ncapuana