Numerical Modelling of Foamed Concrete Beam under Flexural ...
Light Weight Foamed Concrete
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Transcript of Light Weight Foamed Concrete
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LIGHT WEIGHT FOAMED
OR AERATED CONCRETE
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WHAT IS LIGHT WEIGHT CONCRETE?Lightweight foamed concrete is a kind of lightweight
concrete, which is lighter than normal concrete bymixing foams into cement slurry.
Lightweight concrete can easily produced utilizingnatural lightweight aggregate as well waste material.
Lightweight concrete has its obvious advantage of high
strength/weight ratio, good tensile strength, lowcoefficient of thermal expansion, waste utilization.
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OBJECTIVE Determine the compressive strength of foam concrete
under different percentage of quarry dust.
Determine the flexural strength of foam concreteunder different percentage of quarry dust.
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TYPES OF LWC
No-fines concrete
Lightweight aggregate concrete
Aerated/Foamed concrete
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NO-FINES CONCRETE
No-fines concrete can be defined as a lightweightconcrete composed of cement and fine aggregate.
Uniformly distributed voids are formed throughout itsmass.
No-fines concrete usually used for both load bearingand non-load bearing for external walls and partitions.
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LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATE CONCRETE The lightweight aggregate is its high porosity which
results in a low specific gravity.
It can be natural aggregate such as pumice, scoria andall of those of volcanic origin and the artificialaggregate such as expanded blast-furnace slag.
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AERATED CONCRETEAerated concrete is made by introducing air or other
gas into a cement slurry and fine sand.
It is used in precast concrete factories in order toproduce concrete with a reasonable high strength andlow drying shrinkage.
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APPLICATION This material is used in concrete blocks and panels
for outer leaves of buildings as well as partition
walls, concrete slabs for roofing and floor screeds. It is widely used as loose-fill insulation in masonry
construction where it enhances fire ratings,reduces noise transmission, does not rot and
termite resistant. It is also used for vessels, roof decks and other
applications.
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PROPERTIES STRENGTH(a) compressive strength
(b) tensile strength
(c) shear strength
WATER ABSORPTION
SHRINKAGE
EXPANSION
FIRE RESISTANCE
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PRODUCTIONMIX PROPORTIONS
CEMENT +FOAMING AGENT
While the cement mixer or premix concrete truck is inmotion, the water and cement are introduced and allowedto mix until a thoroughly consistent mixture is achieved.
When this has taken place, the required amount of foamcan be injected into the mixer and the mixing continueduntil the foam is completely enveloped into the total mix.
The mixture is then ready for discharging into the mouldsor wherever it is to be placed.
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CEMENT + LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATE
+ FOAM The lightweight matrix formed by the mixture of
cement, water and foam, lightweight aggregates can beused without the tendency to float when the mix isvibrated.
Aggregates which are used are:- expanded shale orclay, scoria, pumice, vermiculite or fly ash.
It is often increasing the overall density for a givenstrength, since simply a higher foam content canachieve better results.
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WATER : CEMENT RATIO The amount of water to be added to the mix depends
upon the moisture content of the sand, 40-45 litres ofwater is used for every 100 kilograms of cement.
When the amount of foam is increased, as for lighterdensities, the amount of water can therefore bedecreased.
The water : cement ratio should be kept as low aspossible in order to avoid unnecessary shrinkage in themoulds.
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BATCHING OF MATERIALSAppropriate quantities of sand & cement are batched,
and an amount of water required for the mix to beflowable is added.
Materials are mixed thoroughly in a mixing plantfitted with foam-generating plant and pumping units.
Water to be added is adjusted for moisture content of
sand. The foam is injected into mix rather than addedon to mix.
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MIXING AND TRANSPORTATION Ready mix concrete agitator is used for mixing.
All the raw materials are metered into the agitator and
with the agitator turning at a high speed, apredetermined batched volume of foam is introducedinto the agitator.
Batching of both of the raw materials and foam are
done at the ready mixed concrete batching plant, itwill be possible trip to transport at the site.
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PLACING Properly designed foam concrete has a stable burble
structure and can be pumped to normal heightswithout loss of entrained air.
A squeeze-type pump is referred over a screw-feedpump.
Foam concrete produced and delivered at the site can
be pumped up to height of 60 m and placed like SCC.
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CURINGAir Curing
This is probably the easiest and most popular method
of curing. It is a slow, but acceptable system which enables a turn
around of moulds every 24 hours on average,depending on the ambient temperature.
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STEAM CURING
When precast Aerated Concrete panels and slabs are
made under factory conditions in order to induce anearly strength into the concrete by applying heat fromsteam to the underside of the moulds.
Steam curing is not begun until at least five hours after
casting, and even then the increase in temperature iswell controlled and should not exceed 70C (167F).
The extent of steam curing depends upon the climate .
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ADVANTAGES Rapid and relatively simple construction.
Economical in terms of transportation as well as
reduction in manpower. Significant reduction of overall weight results in saving
structural frames, footing or piles.
Most of lightweight concrete have better nailing and
sawing properties than heavier and strongerconventional concrete.
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DISADVANTAGESVery sensitive with water content in the mixtures.
Difficult to place and finish because of the porosityand angularity of the aggregate.
Mixing time is longer than conventional concrete toassure proper mixing.
Compressive and f lexural strengths of foamed
concrete reduce with its density.
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CONCLUSION Lightweight concrete can be utilized as a normal concrete
replacement structure shield. Aerated Concrete and Lightweight Aggregate Concrete
also can be use as energy absorbent. Lightweight aggregate concrete, it depends on the
materials used. Lightweight concrete can develop to be high strength
concrete and good absorbability of impact energy.
It has a lower modulus of elasticity and higher tensilestrain capacity further provides better impact resistancethan normal weight concrete.
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CONCLUSION cont. In recommendation, more research is required if the
capabilities of the material are to be exploited andutilization the reinforcement for enhance the tensilestrain capacity of concrete.
Foamed lightweight concrete is not suitable to be usedas non-load bearing wall as the compressive strength is27% less than recommended.
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QUIESTION
?
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THANK YOU