Cost Savings | Superior Performance | Smart Design

LIFETIME BATTERY SOLUTIONS

Zenaji Pty Ltd is an Australian company specialising in the research and development of battery storage

systems for use with solar installations.

With years of research, testing and experience, here at Zenaji we have developed a battery system which

is different to any other on the market. The advanced Zenaji Aeon Battery is designed for superior

performance to last a lifetime. Zenaji works with a variety of battery companies to ensure we are at the leading edge of product development. With a wide

range of applications for Zenaji technology, our future looks very bright.

pg. 4 | Zenaji Australia Pty Ltd

Lifespan years

1 Cycle/day

2 Cycles/day

60 40 20 0

Lithium ion

Zenaji - LTOLead Acid

Lithium ion

Zenaji - LTOLead Acid

Temperature °C

Zenaji - LTO

Lead Acid

Lithium ion

0 40-20 20 60-40-60

1020 15 5 0

Lifetime MWh output per kWh capacity

Zenaji - LTO

Lead Acid

Lithium ion

The most suitable battery chemistry for solar or wind storage today is LTO (Lithium Titanate). Commonly however LFP (Lithium Iron Phosphate) and NMC (Nickel Manganese Cobalt) chemistries have been used. These batteries, are very energy dense and light, and therefore suited for use in mobile devices such as phones and cars but are not suited to use for long term larger scale power storage required for solar or wind installations. This is because they have a very limited lifespan and cannot be cycled often enough to make them economically viable. In fact, they will need replacing before they have paid for themselves.

Lithium Titanate batteries can be cycled at least 6 times as often and have a life span many times that of LFP and NMC batteries. In addition LTO is safer, can be deep discharged and has a much better temperature tolerance. LTO does have two issues, it is not as energy dense as NMC & LFP batteries and is not manufactured in as great a quantity, so the initial cost is higher.

Over the last three years, we have worked with LTO battery manufacturers and they have achieved remarkable results in both increasing energy density and reducing costs. We have selected the best solution for energy storage and engineered a vastly superior battery design that is not only simple to install, maintain and upgrade but more importantly, spans a lifetime of over 20 years standard use and delivers a domestic battery that makes economic sense.

Zenaji Technology

Lithium Titanate ProfileSource: Boston Consulting Group 2010

Zenaji Brochure | pg. 5

Applications & MarketsIn addition to the Aeon battery for domestic energy storage, we have identified a number of markets that could effectively leverage the benefits of LTO battery technology and the technologies researched and developed at Zenaji.

Utility scale & Micro-grid energy storage

With a high cycle life, high C-rate and 100% DOD (Depth of Discharge) LTO battery technology is highly suited to cycling mutliple times per day at a high rate to store and release energy generated by Renewable energy to provide a stable, consistent power supply for Utility and Micro-Grid scale systems.

High Use & Large Electric Vehicles

High use and large vehicles, such as buses and heavy duty vehicles used for mining require a power system that is quick to charge and can handle the constant, intense load required day-in, day-out. The nature and stability of LTO batteries allows them to be used harshly without suffering the additional loss to cycle life or performance that other chemistries would suffer under similar conditions.

Large scale Submarine Battery Storage

Submarines require batteries for auxilliary power and silent operation. Currently Lead Acid batteries are used but they have a low energy density, require replacing frequently and emit gas. While other Lithium ion chemistries such as NMC and LiPo have a high energy density and power output they are too fragile & dangerous for use in a high risk environment where safety is paramount. The LTO batteries Zenaji use emit no gas, have high power and energy density and are the safest and most stable battery on the market.

Caravan and Camping

There is an ever increasing demand for batteries in the caravan and campling markets, for use from charging phones to powering full kitchen systems. These markets have the difficulty of infrequent use, which currently causes the most popular batteries, Lead Acid, to die very quickly if not constantly monitored and charged. LTO batteries have a very long shelf life and a high tolerance for low discharge, making them suitable for markets with long periods between use.

4 Wheel Drive and Marine

The 4 Wheel Drive and Marnine hobby markets are continually on the lookout for products that provide a performance boost that is simple and effective. LTO provides a simple, long term solution with high performance for the rigourous use batteries recieve in these environments.

Off-grid small scale power systems

Small off-grid systems such as 24/7 pumping systems and rural homes require battery storage to provide a dependable power supply. Zenaji’s Aeon battery is perfectly placed to take advantage of this market using all the benefits of LTO Technology to supplement solar, wind or conventional generator systems.

Forklift batteries

Forklifts are used vigourously throughout the day but currently have a large down time due to the time to charge Lead Acid batteries, often requiring several hours to reach full capacity. LTO cells reduce this down time to a single hour, with the added benefit of a larger capacity, meaning a longer time of use between charges.

pg. 6 | Zenaji Australia Pty Ltd

Lithium TitanateLTO (Lithium Titanate) batteries offer the greatest attributes for energy storage of any cell chemistry on the market. It is a mature technology with many companies using LTO batteries in their products due to its high lifespan, safety and quick charge capabilities.

Companies including Lechlanché, Toshiba and YABO have developed LTO cells for use in energy storage and other companies, including Mitsubishi and Honda use LTO in their vehicles. Seiko, who previously used capacitors in their wristwatches now use LTO batteries due to the increased energy storage and lifespan offered by the technology.

Many reports and peer reviewed articles are published showing the advantages and applications of LTO technology. In particular reports and tests by the UC Davis Institute of Transportation Studies and the Georgia Research Tech Institute demostrate the high cycling ability, thermal performance and suitability of LTO for extreme conditions.

Cycle Life of ZenajiLTO cells at Room Temperature

Zenaji batteries use LTO cells from an advanced manufacturing group who are continually improving upon their design to keep their cells on the cutting edge of LTO technology. Testing here at Zenaji has confirmed these reports and have conducted their own tests to optimise the cells for use in energy storage.

Results from manufacturer tests showing the high performance of theirLTO cells over a wide temperature range -50°C to +60°C

Zenaji Brochure | pg. 7

0.940

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1.000

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1 101 201 301 401 501 601 701 801 901 1001 1101 1201 1301 1401 1501 1601 1701 1801 1901

Cycl

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(µ)

Capa

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(Wh)

Cycles

T00036 - Cell YA2 Life Cycle Test (0.875C, 1.9-2.6V) 21/05/19

Charge Capacity Discharge Capacity Expected Charge Capacity Efficiency (µ)10 per. Mov. Avg. (Charge Capacity) 100 per. Mov. Avg. (Charge Capacity) Linear (Charge Capacity) 10 per. Mov. Avg. (Discharge Capacity)100 per. Mov. Avg. (Discharge Capacity) Linear (Discharge Capacity) 10 per. Mov. Avg. (Efficiency (µ)) 100 per. Mov. Avg. (Efficiency (µ))

Research & TestingThe LTO cells used in Zenaji Systems have been extensively tested over a wide range of variables to confirm performance and safety.

Cell Performance Tests

• Cycle life tests by manufacturer, cycled with a 100% DOD at 2C for 22,500 cycles to 92% capacity retention

• High Temperature tests at 55°C and 65°C• High charge and discharge rate tests at 6C (240A)

for capacity performance• Low Temperature charge and discharge tests at

-20° and -40°C

Optimisation tests

Zenaji Pty Ltd has performed tests to confirm specifications, optimise the battery design, lifespan and to increase affordability and safety.• Cell balancing in series over multiple voltage

ranges• Battery Management System tests to increase

battery performance and life• C-rate performance• Round trip efficiency tests

Reliability & Safety Tests

A number of reliability and safety tests have been conducted with no explosion, fire or electrolyte leakage resulting.• Over Discharge tests• Over Charge tests• Short circuit tests• Dropping from 1.5m• Heat tests up to 130°C• Temperature cycling stress tests cycling from

-40° to 85°C• Crush tests of 200kN• Puncture tests with 3mm diameter nail• Salt water immersion• Low pressure test at 11.6kPa for 6 hours

Continuous Testing Zenaji continues testing for a range of specifications. Current testing over varying temperatures has shown the expected loss of cell capacity over 1900 cycles. Testing continues to confirm cell lifespan over a real world analog.

Zenaji lifecycle testing with variable temperature 9°C-30°C

pg. 8 | Zenaji Australia Pty Ltd

Zenaji Aeon BatteryWe have developed manufacturing processes and a Battery Management System (BMS) which optimizes the LTO cells, simplifies the battery design and reduces the circuitry required for effective cell management. With a 22,000 cycle life and high maximum continuous charge rate Zenaji Aeon Batteries take full advantage of solar & wind energy.

The average home has peak usage in the morning and evening. By cycling twice per day the Aeon Battery allows use of all available solar energy to provide stable power supply throughout the entire day.

No other battery on the market has the cycling ability, performance, life span and high safety of Zenaji Aen Batteries, making them a sound economic investment.

Zenaji’s first product, the Aeon Battery is a leap forward in battery storage. Zenaji Aeon batteries offer the most robust, safest, longest life and most cost effective solution available in the world today. The Aeon Battery is designed for use in domestic and commercial solar and stand-alone energy storage installations.

Low cost utility energy used

Excess solar energy used

Utilization of energy storage over daily peak energy use times

Lithium ion NMC/LFP Zenaji Lithium Titanate

Can’t use full installed capacity Use 100% of installed capacity

-20°C to 50°C -40°C to 60°C

Max continuous power of 0.5C max continuous power of 6C

2,000-5,000 cycles 22,000 cycle life

<60% capacity after 5,000 cycles 95% capacity after 5,000 cycles

1 cycle per day 3+ cycles per day

5 - 10 year lifespan 20+ year lifespan

Requires replacement over lifespan of solar installation

No replacement needed over solar installation lifespan

Designed for automotive/mobile storage Designed for solar/wind storage

$0.24 lifetime cost per kWh $0.12 lifetime cost per kWh (2 cycles per day)

Zenaji Brochure | pg. 9

Zenaji Aeon Battery Specifications

Technical Specifications Aeon Battery

Nominal Capacity (25°C ± 5°C) 1.93KWh (40Ah)

Chemistry Lithium Titanate (LTO)

Dimensions (Height x Width x Depth) 1600 x 155 x 145 mm

Nominal Voltage 48.3V

Charge Cutoff Voltage 55.65V

Discharge Cutoff Voltage 42V

Mass 33kg

Max Continuous Charge /Discharge Current (25°C ± 5°C) 50A (1.25C)

Max Pulse Charge/Discharge Current (10s, 25°C ± 5°C) 120A (3C)

Battery Management System internal battery balancing and overcurrent protection

Isolation & Distribution Block Requirement 50A per battery connected in parallel

Operating Temperature -40°C to 60°C (recommended -5°C to 35°C)

Storage Temperature -5°C to 35°C

Cycle Life (1C, 25°C ± 5°C) 22,000

Depth of Discharge 100%

Round Trip Efficiency (1C, 25°C ± 5°C) 96%

Ingress Rating IP65

Installation Indoors or outdoors

Connections 8 AWG (Ø3mm) wire per pole

Warranty 20 Years or 22,000 cycles

Recommended Charger Inverters*Victron MultiPlus-II / Multiplus-II GX / QuattroGoodwe SBP Series / BP SeriesSMA SUNNY ISLAND 3.0M / 4.4M / 6.0H / 8.0HSelectronics SPMC481-AU / SPMC482-AUSchneider SW 4048 230

Outback Power FXR2348E / VFXR3048E

Recommended Charge Controllers*Victron SmartSolar MPPT / BlueSolar MPPTSchneider MPPT 60 150 / 80 600

Recommended Hybrid Inverters*Victron EasySolarGoodwe EM Series / ES SeriesSungrow SH3K6 / SH4K6 / SH5K-20 / SH5K+

Schneider Conext XW+ 7048 E / 8548

*recommended at time of publication, please see online for up to date list, consult your local installer or dealer to determine the best product for your application.

pg. 10 | Zenaji Australia Pty Ltd

Kali WongElectrical/Electronic

Engineer

David AlexandrouSnr. Senior Electrical/Electronic Engineer

Max van DongenSnr. Mechanical

Engineer & Physicist

Christopher CollerSnr. Mechanical Engineer

& Industrial Designer

John Di PaoloAccounts

Charles van DongenChief Technology Officer

Charles has over 15 patents and 39 years of experience in power generation and distribution, power supplies, LED lighting and sound technology.

Zenaji Team

Dawson JohnsManaging Director

Dawson has owned and operated successful technical companies for over 30 years. He has sold and licensed products and technologies domestically and internationally.

Lindsay Champion Management &

Legal

To become a partner or find out more about Zenaji Energy Storage Systems please contact us or visit our website.

+61 418 104 4962 Shearson Cres, Mentone, Victoria 3194

info@zenaji.com

www.zenaji.com

Contact Us

pg. 12 | Zenaji Australia Pty Ltd

© 2019 Zenaji Pty. Ltd. All Rights reserved

All product, service and technical data described subject to change without notice

Zenaji BrochureV1.13 05/08/19