Life Cycle of the Stars
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Transcript of Life Cycle of the Stars
Life Cycle of the Stars
By Aiyana and Meredith
http://techcenter.davidson.k12.nc.us/spring026/images/OuterSpace.jpg
Nebula• A nebula is made of gas and dust• The nebula is the birth place of a star• They get their light from nearby stars.
http://sunshine.chpc.uh.edu/labs/star_life/starlife_main.htmltahttp://www.windowsmoviemakers.net/PapaJohn/117/Blue-Screen_Outer_Space_Clips_files/image004.jpg
Protostar“Fetus”
• The protostar is the first stage of a star’s life
• Formed when gravity clumps the hydrogen and helium of a nebula together
• In order to grow in life it needs to maintain equilibrium– Balance between gravity pulling atoms towards center
and gas pushing heat and light away form center
http://sunshine.chpc.utah.edu/labs/star_life/starlife_proto.html
Main Sequence“Adulthood”
• Phase in which stars live out the majority of their lives
• Stars last in main sequence for billions of years
• During entire life the star battles gravity, trying to crush it
http://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0009/15supernova/supernova.jpg
http://www.presentationstation.com/Backgrounds/Miscellaneous_2/orange_spot.jpg
Red Giant“Middle Age”
• During this short phase the star starts cooling and the fusion fuel starts going away
• Core shrinks but fusion keeps on going• When our sun reaches the phase of a red
giant its diameter will expand to the size of the orbit of Mars
http://sunshine.chpc.utah.edu/labs/star_life/support/red_giant.html
http://www.awesomebackgrounds.com/templates/fire-on.JPG
White Dwarf/Black Hole“Old Age”
• When a star runs out of fuel to burn, gravity collapses it in
• Low mass stars, who have electrons that prevent the collapse of the core, shrink to a white dwarf
• When crushed by gravity high mass stars totally leave space become a black hole
http://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0005/22astronext10/000522blackhole.jpghttp://www.vgaplanets.com/v4doc/PLAN0020.gif
http://www.freestockfootage.com/Thumbs/t600-100-023.jpg
White Dwarf Black Hole
Brown Dwarf• Star like objects in space that have masses
less than .08 times that of the sun• Unable to sustain hydrogen fusion• Brown dwarf is a protostar that didn’t have
enough dust and gas to achieve a temperature hot enough to ignite fusion
Arrow is pointing at a Brown Dwarf
http://www.universetoday.com/html/pictures/big2002-0109a.jpg
Planetary Nebula“After Life”
• When a star explodes a large cloud of gas is expelled called a Planetary Nebula
• The first planetary nebula ever seen was the Dumbbell Nebula M27
http://www.ask.com/bar?q=planetry+nebula&page=1&adt=0&qsrc=2417&ab=0&title=Planetary Nebula&u=http%3A%2F%2Fschmidling.com%2Fplanebs.htm
• After explosion the core remains extremely hot which emits high energetic radiation• One of the largest planetary Nebulae is NGC246
Helium fusion • Nuclear fusion with the nuclei being
involved with helium.• Powered by fusing the element
hydrogen into the element helium.• When stars exhaust their hydrogen
fuel and build up a lot of helium, they begin to fuse helium together to form carbon.
http://www.oufusion.org.uk/newsspring05/helium2carbon.jpg
http://www.awesomebackgrounds.com/ss-explosion.htm
Hydrogen Fusion• Four hydrogen nuclei come together
to make a nucleus.• There are electrons, neutrinos, and
photons involved in making fusion of hydrogen into helium.
• This fusion cycle generates energy in our Sun.
http://www.physics.uiowa.edu/~umallik/adventure/spangle/spangle_files/image018.gif
Neutron Star• Neutron stars are objects created in the
cores of massive stars.• The core of a star collapses and crushes
together every proton combined with electrons.
• Neutrons can stop the collapse and remain as neutron stars.
Supernova• Most energetic explosion.• Occur at the end of a star’s life, when
nuclear fuel is exhausted and can no longer be supported by the nuclear energy.
• When the explosion occurs, the brightness can be as that of many millions of stars.
http://www.ask.com/bar?q=supernova+information&page=1&adt=0&qsrc=2417&ab=3&title=Supernovae&u=http%3A%2F%2Fimagine.gsfc.nasa.gov%2Fdocs%2Fscience%2Fknow_l2%2Fsupernovae.html
http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2004/rxj1242/rxj1242_still3.jpg