Liceul Particular „Onicescu-Mihoc”Prof. Bratu Iulia Cristina

11th grade (clasa a- XI -a)1st semester (semestrul I )

Topic 1 (tema 1):Michael’s unforgettable weekend (weekend-ulde neuitat al lui Michael)Lesson 1(lectia 1):Vocabulary (vocabular)Michael’s unforgettable weekend (weekend-ulde neuitat al lui Michael)

Michael’s unforgettable weekend

Last Saturday I went with my friends to the mountains to ski. It was awonderful winter morning, so we decided to go by car, because we thoughtthat there were many people who wanted to go to the mountains. The ride wasvery pleasant, and at about 10 o’clock we arrived in Brashov.

friends (prieteni) mountains (munti)

to ski (a schia) winter (iarna)

car ( masina)

Translation (traducere):Sambata trecuta am mers cu prietenii la munte sa schiem. Era dimineataminunata de iarna, asa ca ne-am decis sa mergem cu masina, pentru ca noi ne-am gandit ca acolo erau multi oameni care doreau sa mearga la munte. Calatoriaa fost foarte placuta, si la aproximativ 10 fix am sosit in Brasov.

Vocabulary (vocabular):

Saturday = sambata (substantiv la singular)mountains = munti (substantiv la plural format prin adaugarea unui „S” lasfarsitul cuvantului, mountain-mountains)to ski = a schia (verb la forma infinitiva)was = a fost (trecutul verbului to be-a fi)wonderful = minunat (adjectiv)winter = iarna (substantiv la singular)morning = dimineata (substantiv la singular)people = oameni (substantiv neregulat la plural, person-people)ride = calatoria (substantiv la singular)pleasant = placut (adjectiv)

Exercises (exercitii):Alcatuiti propozitii cu urmatoarele cuvinte: to ski(a schia), mountains (munti),friends (prieteni), winter(iarna), car(masina).

Lesson 2(lectia2):Grammar (gramatica)Past simple (trecutul simplu)

Grammar (gramatica): In limba engleza, trecutul simplu se foloseste pentru a exprima o actiune desfasurata intr-un moment bine definit din trecut, indicat de expresii din seria yesterday (ieri), last

week (saptaman trecuta), last month (luna trecuta), one yearago (anul trecut) sau o actiune repetata de-a lungul unei perioade din trecut.Trebuie semnalat ca, in limba engleza, exista doua categorii de verbe: verberegulate si verbe neregulate. Verbele regulate formeaza trecutul simplu, la toatepersoanele, prin adaugarea terminatie -ed la infinitiv.visit (a vizita)-visited (a vizitat)clean (a curata)-cleaned (a curatat)finish (a termina)-finished (a terminat)

Conjugarea trecutului simplu la cele trei forme( afirmativa, negativa,interogativa):La forma afirmativa se adauga terminatia -ed la infinitiv.

I visited him yesterday. (Eu l-am vizitat pe el ieri.)You visited him yesterday. (Tu l-ai vizitat pe el ieri.)He/She/It visited him yesterday. (El/Ea l-a vizitat pe el ieri.)We visited him yesterday. (Noi l-am vizitat pe el ieri.)You visited him yesterday. (Voi l-ati vizitat pe el ieri.)They visited him yesterday. Ele/Ei l-au vizitat pe el ieri.)

Atunci cand verbele se termina la infinitiv in -e, acesta primeste numai -d latrecut simplu.arrive (a sosi)-arrived (a sosit)live (a trai)-lived (a trait)like (a-i placea)-liked ( i-a placut)

Atunci cand verbele se termina in -y precedat de o consoana cand adaugamterminatia -ed, -y se transforma in -i.study (a studia)-studied (a studiat)cry (a plange)-cried (a plans)dar ... play( a se juca)-played (s-a jucat)We stayed five days at my aunt’s. (Am stat cinci zile ma matusa mea.)

Verbele neregulate nu formeaza trecutul simplu cu –ed, ci au o forma specificafiecaruia (forma a 2-a a verbului), care trebuie invata ca atare.come (a veni)- came (a venit)go (a merge)- went (a mers)see (a vedea)- saw (a vazut)take (a lua)- took (a luat)tell (a spune)-told (a spus)

I saw her last night. (Eu am vazut-o pe ea seara trecuta.)You saw her last night. (Tu ai vazut-o pe ea seara trecuta.)He/She/It saw her last night. (El/Ea a vazut-o pe ea seara trecuta.)We saw her last night. (Noi am vazut-o pe ea seara trecuta.)You saw her last night. (Voi ati vazut-o pe ea seara trecuta.)They saw her last night. (Ele/Ei ai vazut-o pe ea seara trecuta.)

Pentru formarea negativului si interogativului, se foloseste verbul auxiliar DO laforma sa de trecut DID, pentru toate persoanele. Nu are importanta daca verbuleste regulat sau neregulat. Negativul se construieste dupa modelul:

Subiect+DID NOT(DIDN’T)+VERB la infinitiv

NegativI didn’t visit him yesterday. (Eu nu l-am vizitat pe el ieri.)You didn’t visit him yesterday. (Tu nu l-ai vizitat pe el ieri.)He/She/It didn’t visit him yesterday. (El/Ea nu l-a vizitat pe el ieri.)We didn’t visit him yesterday. (Noi nu l-am vizitat pe el ieri.)You didn’t visit him yesterday. (Voi nu l-ati vizitat pe el ieri.)They didn’t visit him yesterday. (Ele/Ei nu l-au vizitat pe el ieri.)

I didn’t see her last night. (Eu nu am vazut-o pe ea seara trecuta.)You didn’t see her last night. (Tu nu ai vazut-o pe ea seara trecuta.)He/She/It didn’t see her last night. (El/Ea nu a vazut-o pe ea seara trecuta.)We didn’t see her last night. (Noi nu am vazut-o pe ea seara trecuta.)You didn’t see her last night. (Tu nu ai vazut-o pe ea seara trecuta.)They didn’t see her last night. (Ele/Ei nu au vazut-o pe ea seara trecuta.)

La interogativ, ordinea cuvintelor in propozitie este urmatoarea:

DID+subiect+verb la infinitiv

Did I visit him yesterday? (L-am vizitat eu pe el ieri?)Did you visit him yesterday? (L-ai vizitat tu pe el ieri?)

Did he/she/it visit him yesterday? (L-a vizitat el/ea pe el ieri?)Did we visit him yesterday? (L-am vizitat noi pe el ieri?)Did you visit him yesterday? (L-ati vizitat voi pe el ieri?)Did they visit him yesterday? (L-au vizitat ele.ei pe el ieri?)

Did I see her last night? (Am vazut-o eu seara trecuta?)Did you see her last night? (Ai vazut-o tu seara trecuta?)Did he/she/it see her last night? (A vazut-o el/ea seara trecuta?)Did we see her last night? (Am vazut-o noi seara trecuta?)Did you see her last night? (Ati vazut-o voi pe ea seara trecuta?)Did they see her last night? (Au vazut-o ele/ei pe ea seara trecuta?)

Pentru aceste intrebari, raspunsurile scurte folosite in engleza vorbita sunt:Yes, I did./No, I didn’t.Yes, he did./No, he didn’t.Yes, they did./No, they didn’t.

Verbul TO BE este un verb neregulat, care are doua forme pentru trecutulsimplu: WAS (pentru persoanele 1 si a 3-a singular- I was, he/she/it was) siWERE (pentru toate celelalte persoane- you were, we were, they were).

I was a student in this high school twenty years ago. (Eu am fost elev in acestliceu acum 20 ani.)

Now, I am a teacher in this high school. (Acum, eu sunt profesor in acest liceu.)

La trecut, ca si prezentul simplu, BE formeaza interogativul prin inversiuneasubiectului cu predicatul (Was I a good friend?-Am fost eu un bunprieten?/Were you happy?/Ai fost tu fericit?) si negativul prin adaugarea

particulei NOT la cele doua forme, obtinandu-se urmatoarele structuri: I was not(wasn’t), you were not (weren’t), he was not(wasn’t).

Revision (se ne reamintim):

a) Cand se foloseste trecutul simplu in limba engleza?b) Cate categorii de verbe exista in limba engleza?c) Ce se adauga la forma afirmativa?d) Dar la forma negativa si cea interogativa?e) Ce puteti spune despre verbul TO BE la trecut simplu?

Answers (raspunsuri):

a) In limba engleza, trecutul simplu se foloseste pentru a exprima o actiunedesfasurata intr-un moment bine definit din trecut, indicat de expresii din seriayesterday (ieri), last week (saptaman trecuta), last month (luna trecuta), one yearago (anul trecut) sau o actiune repetata de-a lungul unei perioade din trecut.b) Trebuie semnalat ca, in limba engleza, exista doua categorii de verbe: verberegulate si verbe neregulate.c) La forma afirmativa se adauga terminatia -ed la infinitiv.d) Pentru formarea negativului si interogativului, se foloseste verbul auxiliar DOla forma sa de trecut DID, pentru toate persoanele. Nu are importanta dacaverbul este regulat sau neregulat. Negativul se construieste dupa modelul:

Subiect+DID NOT(DIDN’T)+VERB la infinitive) Verbul TO BE este un verb neregulat, care are doua forme pentru trecutul

simplu: WAS (pentru persoanele 1 si a 3-a singular- I was, he/she/it was) siWERE (pentru toate celelalte persoane- you were, we were, they were).

Exercises (exercitii):1. Alegeti raspunsul corect:

a) Trecutul simpu se formeaza cu „DO”.b) Trecutul simplu se formeaza cu „DID”.

2. Alegeti raspunsul corect:a) „To be = a fi” este un verb neregulat.b) „To be = a fi” este un verb regulat.”

Lesson 3(lectia 3): Solved exercises andexercises (exercitii rezolvate si exercitiipropuse)Folosirea trecutului simplu in propozitii

Solved exercises (exercitii rezolvate):

1. Write the past simple form (scrieti forma de trecut simplu):to play= a se jucato do= a faceto write= a scrieto decide= a se decideto come= a veni

playeddidwrotedecidedcame

2. Complete the sentences using past simple (completati propozitiilefolosind trecutul simplu):

a) They ....... (invite) me to have tea with them. (M-au invitat sa iau ceaiul cuei.)

b) She ........ (run) to the door. (Ea al alergat catre usa.)c) I ....... (give) her a candy. (I-am dat ei o bomboana.)

a) They invited me to have tea with them. (M-au invitat sa iau ceaiul cu ei.)b) She ran to the door. (Ea al alergat catre usa.)c) I gave her a candy. (Ea al alergat catre usa.)

3. Complete the next sentences using TO BE-past simple (completatiurmatoarele propozitii folosind verbul a fi la trecutul simplu):

a) She .... very upset these days. (Ea a fost foarte suparata zilele acestea.)b) We .... at my uncle’s house. (Noi am fost la casa unchiului meu.)c) You .... very rude with her. (Tu ai fost foarte nepoliticos cu ea.)

a) She was very upset these days. (Ea a fost foarte suparata zileleacestea.)

b) We were at my uncle’s house. (Noi am fost la casa unchiului meu.)c) You were very rude with her. (Tu ai fost foarte nepoliticos cu ea.)

Exercises (exercitii porpuse):

1. Write the past simple form (scrieti forma de trecut simplu):to know= a stito find= a gasito judge= a judecato admit= a recunoasteto avoid= a evita

2. Complete the sentences using past simple (completati propozitiilefolosind trecutul simplu):

a) It .... (rain) in Iona. (Ploua in Iona.)b) He .... (sleep) in the afternoon.(El a dormit dupa amiaza.)c) We .... (go) to the park on Sunday.(Noi am fost in parc, Duminca.)

3. Complete the next sentences using TO BE-past simple (completatiurmatoarele propozitii folosind verbul a fi la trecutul simplu):

a) He ... in the Italy two days ago.(El a fost in Italia acum doua zile.)b) They ... workers in this factory.(Ei au fost muncitori in aceasta

fabrica.)c) I ... very angry yesterday.(Eu am fost foarte furios ieri.)

Topic 2 (tema 2):The phone (telefonul)Lesson 1(lectia 1):Vocabulary (vocabular)The phone (telefonul)

The phone

Tim: Hello...This is Tim. Is that you, Kate?Kate: Yes, it’s me.Tim: What were you all doing between six and seven? I was trying to get intouch with you.Kate: When I got home, mother was on the phone while my father was washingthe car with my little brother, Steve.Tim: What about your baby brother, how is he?Kate: He was noisy all day.

mother (mama) father (tata)

to wash ( a spala) car (masina)

baby brother ( bebelus)

Translation (traducere):Tim: Buna...Aici, Tim. Tu esti, Kate?Kate: Da, eu sunt.Tim: Ce faceati toti intre orele sase si sapte? Am incercat sa dau de tine.Kate: Cand am ajuns acasa, mama vorbea la telefon in timp ce tata spala masinacu fratele meu mai mic, Steve.Tim: Dar fratiorul tau, ce face el?Kate: A fost zgomotos toata ziua.

Vocabulary (vocabular):mother = mama (substantiv la singular)father = tata (substantiv la singular)baby = bebelus (substantiv la singular)car = masina (substantiv la singular)

to wash = a spala (verb la infinitiv)phone = telefon (substantiv la singular)between = intre (prepozitie)noisy = zgomotos (adjectiv)day = zi (substantiv la singular)brother = frate (substantiv la singular)

Exercises (exercitii) :Alcatuiti propozitii cu urmatoarele cuvinte: mother (mama), father (tata), babybrother (bebelus), car (masina), to wash (a spala).

Lesson 2(lectia 2):Grammar (gramatica)Past continuous (trecutul continuu)

Grammar (gramatica): Trecutul continuu exprima:

- actiune in desfasurare intr-un moment trecut, amintita in momentul vorbirii.I was reading a book this time last week. (Saptamana trecuta pe vremea astaciteam o carte.)- actiune trecuta care a fost intrerupta la un moment dat.He came in shouting while I was sleeping.(A intrat tipand in tim de dormeam.)He called my name just I was leaving. (Mi-a rostit numele exact cand plecam.)- doua actiuni desfasurate in acelasi timp in trecut.I was sleeping while she was washing the dishes. (Eu dormeam in timp ce easpala vasele.)- actiune repetata in trecut, iritanta pentru vorbitor (se folosesc always, forever,all the time- intotdeauna, pentru totdeauna, tot timpul).He was always coming late. (Totdeauna intarzia.)

Trecutul continuu se formeaza din trecutul verbului „to be = a fi” si verbul laforma „ing”.Se traduce prin indicativ prezent.

AfirmativSubiect + was/were + verb-ingI was reading the newspaper. (Eu citeam ziarul.)They were playing football. (Ei se jucau fotbal.)

NegativSubiect + was/were + not (wasn’t/weren’t) + verb-ingHe wasn’t watching TV. (El nu se uita la TV.)You weren’t speaking English this time last year. (Anul trecut pe vremea aceastanu vorbeai engleza.)

InterogativWas/Were + suject + verb-ing?Was she coming at your place? (Venea ea la tine acasa?)Were the reading the newspaper? (Citeau ei ziarul?)

Verbul „To play = a se juca” la trecut continuu:AfirmativI was playing = eu ma jucamYou were playing = tu te jucaiHe, She, It was playing = el, ea se jucaWe were playing = noi ne jucamYou were playing = voi va jucatiThey were playing = ele, ei se jucau

NegativI wasn’t playing = eu nu ma jucamYou weren’t playing = tu nu te jucaiHe, She, It wasn’t playing = el, ea nu se jucaWe weren’t playing = noi nu ne jucamYou weren’t playing = voi nu va jucatiThey weren’t playing = ei, ele nu se jucau

InterogativWas I playing? = ma jucam eu?Were you playing? = te jucai tu?Was he,she,it playing? = se juca el, ea?Were we playing? = ne jucam noi?Were you playing? = va jucati?Were they playing? = se jucau ei, ele?

Trecutul continuu descrie actiuni sau evenimente in desfasurare la un momentdat din trecut. Exprima o actiune neterminata in trecut. Se foloseste pentru aexprima:- o actiune neterminata ce a fost intrerupta de un alt eveniment sau actiune:I was reading the book when the phone rang. (Citeam cartea cand telefonul asunat.)- descrieri:The sun sun was shining and the birds were singing. ( Soarele stralucea sipasarile cantau.)- cu verbul cu „wonder” (a se intreba) pentru a exprima o cerere foartepoliticoasa:I was wondering if you could help me with this problem. (Ma intrebam daca potisa ma ajuti cu aceasta problema.)

Adverbe si locuiuni folosite cu acest timp verbal:- while (in timp ce)I was reading while you were dancing. (Citeam in timp ce tu dansai.)- this time yesterday (pe vremea aceasta ieri)I was playing football this time yesterday. (Ieri pe vremea aceasta ma jucamfotbal.)

Revision (sa ne reamintim):

a) Ce exprima trecutul continuu?b) Cum se formeaza trecutul continuu?c) Prezentati cele 3 forme ale trecutului continuu.d) Cand se foloseste verbul „wonder (a se intreba)”?e) Care sunt adverbele si locutiunile verbale pentru acest timp gramatical?

Answers (raspunsuri):

a) Trecutul continuu exprima:- actiune in desfasurare intr-un moment trecut, amintita in momentul vorbirii.I was reading a book this time last week. (Saptamana trecuta pe vremea astaciteam o carte.)- actiune trecuta care a fost intrerupta la un moment dat.He came in shouting while I was sleeping.(A intrat tipand in tim de dormeam.)He called my name just I was leaving. (Mi-a rostit numele exact cand plecam.)- doua actiuni desfasurate in acelasi timp in trecut.I was sleeping while she was washing the dishes. (Eu dormeam in timp ce easpala vasele.)- actiune repetata in trecut, iritanta pentru vorbitor (se folosesc always, forever,all the time- intotdeauna, pentru totdeauna, tot timpul).He was always coming late. (Totdeauna intarzia.)b) Trecutul continuu se formeaza din trecutul verbului „to be = a fi” si verbul laforma „ing”.Se traduce prin indicativ prezent.c) AfirmativSubiect + was/were + verb-ingI was reading the newspaper. (Eu citeam ziarul.)They were playing football. (Ei se jucau fotbal.)

NegativSubiect + was/were + not (wasn’t/weren’t) + verb-ingHe wasn’t watching TV. (El nu se uita la TV.)You weren’t speaking English this time last year. (Anul trecut pe vremea aceastanu vorbeai engleza.)

InterogativWas/Were + suject + verb-ing?Was she coming at your place? (Venea ea la tine acasa?)Were the reading the newspaper? (Citeau ei ziarul?)d) Cu verbul cu „wonder” (a se intreba) pentru a exprima o cerere foartepoliticoasa:I was wondering if you could help me with this problem. (Ma intrebam daca potisa ma ajuti cu aceasta problema.)e) Adverbe si locuiuni folosite cu acest timp verbal:- while (in timp ce)I was reading while you were dancing. (Citeam in timp ce tu dansai.)- this time yesterday (pe vremea aceasta ieri)I was playing football this time yesterday. (Ieri pe vremea aceasta ma jucamfotbal.)

Exercises (exercitii):1.Alegeti raspunsul corect:

a) Trecutul continuu exprima o actiune complet terminata.b) Trecutul continuu exprima a actiune in desfasurare din trecut.

2.Alegeti raspunsul corect:a) Trecutul continuu se formeaza cu verbul „to be = a fi”.b) Trecutul continuu se formeaza fara verbul „to be = a fi”.

Lesson 3(lectia 3): Solved exercises andexercises (exercitii rezolvate si exercitii propuse)

Folosirea trecutului continuu in propozitii

Solved exercises (exercitii rezolvate):

1.Put the next sentences at the negative form (puneti urmatoarele propozitii laforma negativa):a) We were having a party when Alice called. (Noi dadea o petrecere cand Alicea sunat.)b) He told us that Peter and Mary were getting married. (El ne-a spus ca Peter siMary se casatoreau.)

a) We weren’t having a party when Alice called. (Noi nu dadeam o petrecerecand Alice a sunat.)b) He told us that Peter and Mary weren’t getting married.(El ne-a spus ca Petersi Mary nu se casatoreau.)

2. Use the past continuous (folositi trecutul continuu.):a) You ....(play) cards.(Tu te jucai carti.)b) Alice ....(walk) around the lake. (Alice se plimba in jurul lacului.)c) John ....(listen) the radio. (John asculta la radio.)d) Ben .....(wash) his car. (Ben spala masina.)

a) You were playing cards.(Tu te jucai carti.)b) Alice was walking around the lake. (Alice se plimba in jurul lacului.)c) John was listening the radio. (John asculta la radio.)d) Ben was washing his car. (Ben spala masina.)

Exercises (exercitii propuse):

1.Put the next sentences at the negative form (puneti urmatoarele propozitii laforma negativa):a) The sun was shining and the birds were singing.(Soarele stralucea si pasarilecantau.)b) Everyone in the street was smiling. (Toata lumea de pe strada zambea.)c) Tara was wearing a pretty velvet dress. (Tara purta o rochie draguta decatifea.)

2. Use the past continuous (folositi trecutul continuu.):a) My sister ... (feed) the birds. (Sora mea hranea pasarile.)b) She ... (ride) her bike to the store. (Ea mergea cu bicicleta pana la magazin.)c) I .... cook dinner when you called me. (Preparam cina cand m-ai sunat.)d) They .... (eat) when I saw them. (Mancau pranzul cand i-am vazut.)