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  • Semantic Annotation Model Definition for Systems Interoperability

    Yongxin LIAO, Mario Lezoche, Herv Panetto, Nacer Boudjlida

    Federation Charles Hermite

    Email: [email protected]

  • Model-based Systems Interoperability

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    Minimum Turn Radius: 24 ft.

    Dry Pavement Braking Distance at 60 MPH : 110 ft.

    Thermal/Heat Dissipation: 780

    Ergonomic/Pedal Feedback: 34 ERGS

    Hydraulic Pressure: 350 PSI

    Sensor MTBF:3000 hrs

    Power Rating:18 Amps

    Hydraulic Fluid: SAE 1340 not-compliant

    Formal Semantic Annotation

  • Outline

    1) What is Semantic Annotation?AnnotationSemantic Annotation (our point of view)

    2) Why and where to use Semantic Annotation?Examples

    3) How to use Semantic Annotation?Step 1: Design or Select OntologyStep 2: Design the Semantic Annotation Structure ModelStep 3: Implementation

    4) A Simple Case Study

    5) Conclusion

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  • Outline

    1) What is Semantic Annotation?AnnotationSemantic Annotation (our point of view)

    2) Why and where to use Semantic Annotation?Examples

    3) How to use Semantic Annotation?Step 1: Design or Select OntologyStep 2: Design the Semantic Annotation Structure ModelStep 3: Implementation

    4) A Simple Case Study

    5) Conclusion

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  • What is Annotation?Annotationa note by way of explanation or comment added to a text or diagram - Oxford Dictionaries Online

    Software Programming

    Writing and Reading

    Mechanical Drawing5 /23

  • What is Semantic Annotation?Semantic Annotation

    Image 1, Ontotext . http://www.ontotext.com/

    The action and results of describing (part of) an electronic resource by means of metadata whose meaning is formally specified in an ontology - Fernndez (2010)

    An annotation assigns to an entity, which is in the text, a link to its semantic description. A semantic annotation is referent to an ontology - Talantikite, et al (2009)

    An approach to link ontologies to the original information sources - Lin (2008)

    Image 2, Ontology-Based Image Annotation and Retrieval -Avril Styrman6 /23

  • What is Semantic Annotation?

    Semantic Annotation is the description of the formal relations betweenelectronic resource and specific ontology.

    Four main components:

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    2) Ontology 4) Implementation

    3) Semantic Annotation Structure Model

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    1) Electronic Resource

    ERIdentityNameCity

    SASM OntologyIdFirstnameLastname

    Implementation

  • Formal Definition of Semantic Annotation

    Formal Definition of Semantic AnnotationA semantic annotation is

    e5 e1e2

    e4 e3

    p1 p3

    p2 p4

    m1

    m2

    o1o2 o3 o4

    o5 o6 o7

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  • Formal Definition of Semantic Annotation

    Formal Definition of Semantic Annotation

    A mapping may represent as four different kinds of semantic relations:

    =>

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  • Outline

    1) What is Semantic Annotation?AnnotationSemantic Annotation (our point of view)

    2) Why and where to use Semantic Annotation?Examples

    3) How to use Semantic Annotation?Step 1: Design or Select OntologyStep 2: Design the Semantic Annotation Structure ModelStep 3: Implementation

    4) A Simple Case Study

    5) Conclusion

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  • Why and where to use Semantic Annotation?Semantic annotation can be considered as a semantically enrichment of data source, which may be widely used for many purposes.

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    XML Schema (Kpke and Eder, 2010)Texts (KIM Platform) Models (Lin , 2008 )

  • Outline

    1) What is Semantic Annotation?AnnotationSemantic Annotation (our point of view)

    2) Why and where to use Semantic Annotation?Examples

    3) How to use Semantic Annotation?Step 1: Design or Select OntologyStep 2: Design the Semantic Annotation Structure ModelStep 3: Implementation

    4) A Simple Case Study

    5) Conclusion

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  • Step 1: Design or Select Ontology

    Design or select an appropriate ontology for semantic annotations is the first step of the annotation process.

    For example: Semantic Annotation for Process Models. Lin, 2008

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    General Process Ontology (GPO)

  • Step 2: Design the SASM-Analysis of four SASMs

    A: Enterprise semantic modelling for interoperability Boudjlida and Panetto (2007)

    B: User-Friendly Semantic Annotation in Business Process Modeling Born, et al. (2007)

    C: Semantic annotations for Web Services discovery and compositionTalantikite, et al. (2009)

    D: Semantic Annotation for Process Models Lin (2008)

    Identification

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    Formal semantic relationship to ontology concept Reference to elementText DescriptionProperties

    SASM AAnnotation-IdInformal ContentRef2OntologyAnnotation TypeConstraints

    SASM BName/ TypeCurrent StateBefore StateAfter StatePreconditionPostcondition

    SASM CSidSnameInputsOutputsBindingsResourceExec-timeService

    SASM DIdname model_fragmentalternative_namehas_Actorrole has_Artifacthas_Input/Output has_Preconditionhas_Postconditionhas_Exceptionhas_subActivityis_in_WorkflowPattern_ofsame_asdifferent_fromkind_ofsuperConcept_ofphase_ofinstance_ofCompositionConcept_of

  • Step 2: Design the SASM

    The second step is design the semantic annotation structure model and annotation Methods.

    We identify five types of contents in SASM:

    1)Identification;2)Formal semantic relationship to ontology concept;3)Reference to element; 4)Text description;5)Properties (extended contents, such as: execution time, restriction, etc.).

    Annotation Methods:1)Manually eg: Process Models, Lin (2008) 2)Semi-automatically eg: Business process model, Born, et al. (2007)3)Automatically eg: KIM Platform

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  • Step 3: ImplementationThe last step is Implementation.

    For example: Semantic annotations for web services discovery and composition.Talantikite, et al. (2009)

    Two algorithms: matching algorithm and composition algorithm

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    SASM CSidSnameInputsOutputsBindingsResourceExec-timeService

    Examples of semantic networkSid Sname Inputs Outputs Link to Ontology

    1 FindZipCode City,state Zipcode ZipCFinder.owl

    2 GetTemperature Zipcode Temp GetTemp.owl

    3 ZipCodeinfo Zipcode Info ZipCodeinfo.owl

    4 FindLatLong Zipcode Lat/long FindlatLong.owl

    5 GetPressure Lat/long, Temp

    Geo GetPressurE.owl

    6 Google business addres Url GoogleB.owl

    7 DisplayUrl Url Info DisplayURL.owl

    1

    2

    6

    4

    3

    5

    7

    City,state

    Zipcode

    Zipcode

    Zipcode

    Temp

    Info

    Lat/long

    Geo

    addres Url Info

  • Outline

    1) What is Semantic Annotation?AnnotationSemantic Annotation (our point of view)

    2) Why and where to use Semantic Annotation?Examples

    3) How to use Semantic Annotation?Step 1: Design or Select OntologyStep 2: Design the Semantic Annotation Structure ModelStep 3: Implementation

    4) A Simple Case Study

    5) Conclusion

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  • A Simple Case Study

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    Case Study

    MES modelERP model

  • A Simple Case StudyAnnotation process between Sage X3 and Flexnet

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    Implementation

    ERP model

    MES model

    SA1 id-sageX3-01 BillOfMaterialsID equal_to

    MaterialEntity

    SA2 id-Flexnet-01 BomNumber equal_to

    MaterialEntity

    Product Ontology

  • Outline

    1) What is Semantic Annotation?AnnotationSemantic Annotation (our point of view)

    2) Why and where to use Semantic Annotation?Examples

    3) How to use Semantic Annotation?Step 1: Design or Select OntologyStep 2: Design the Semantic Annotation Structure ModelStep 3: Implementation

    4) A Simple Case Study

    5) Conclusion

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  • Conclusion

    Give a brief survey of SA in different domains Identify four main components and three steps of SA:

    1) Ontology, 2) Semantic Annotation Structure Model, 3) Implementation. Present a formal definition of SA

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    ERIdentityNameCity

    SASMOntology

    IdFirstnameLastname

    Implementation

  • Future Work

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  • Thank you!

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    Federation Charles Hermite

    Email: [email protected]


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