Li-Chuan Chen, Marian Muste, and Larry Weber
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Transcript of Li-Chuan Chen, Marian Muste, and Larry Weber
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53:071 Principles of HydraulicsLaboratory Experiment #1
Energy and Hydraulic Grade Lines in Water Pipe Systems
Li-Chuan Chen, Marian Muste, and Larry Weber
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Objective
To determine the energy and hydraulic grade lines in a pipeline assembly comprising losses due to friction in conduit as well as head losses due to transitions and fittings.
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Principle
Bernoulli’s equation
Lhzg
Vpz
g
Vp 2
22
22
1
21
11
22
EGL 2
HeadEnergy 2
g
Vz
p
HGL Head cPiezometri zp
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Apparatus — Standard Pipe
Geometrical characteristics for the pipeline system can be found in the appendices in the handout.
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Apparatus — Streamlined Pipe
Geometrical characteristics for the pipeline system can be found in the appendices in the handout.
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What are we going to do?
We are going to measure the piezometric heads along a pipeline system.
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Procedures
Bleed the pipe system and tubings.Establish stabilized maximum discharge in the system.Measure the datum.Measure and record the pressure head.Measure the head on weir.Measure the water temperature.
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Data SheetWater Temp. (F)
Weir Notch Elev. (ft)
W.S. Elev. (ft)
Q (cfs)
Tap # Station (ft)
Eleva-tion (ft)
Piez. Head
(ft Hg)
Piez. Head
(ft H2O)
Pipe Diam.
(ft)
Vel. Head
(ft H2O)
Energy Head
(ft H2O)
Datum
1
2
3
4
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Analysis
Compute velocity, piezometric, and energy heads at each pressure tap.Plot the energy and hydraulic grade lines.Discuss the energy budget.Discuss sources of experimental errors.Calculate the horsepower consumed by the system.
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Result — Standard Pipe
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Further Consideration
Compare the measured values between the pressure taps with computed ones using empirical values found in your hydraulics or fluids textbooks. Explain the discrepancies.
Note — Losses between Tap 5 and 6 through the curved pipe segment should be treated as a lump local loss located at Tap 5.