“Analysing Regulatory Change Politics in the National Forest Management Planning under Presidents Bill Clinton and George W. Bush”

Composed by: Lexmilian de Mello

Bernardo Reis

X

Northern Spotted Owl Northern Spotted Owl PreservationPreservation

Timber Industry Timber Industry ConservationConservation

Utilized ‘Sierra Nevada’Utilized ‘Sierra Nevada’ FindingsFindings

Clinton utilized an Clinton utilized an ‘‘Analytical’ approachAnalytical’ approach

CCLINTON’S LINTON’S IINVOLVEMENT IN THE NATIONAL NVOLVEMENT IN THE NATIONAL FORESTRY ACT FORESTRY ACT (NFMA)(NFMA)

Encouragement of natural Encouragement of natural resource developmentresource development

Preventing public Preventing public InfluenceInfluence

Considering ‘viable Considering ‘viable populations’ onlypopulations’ only

Common sense as an Common sense as an impediment to appealsimpediment to appeals

BBUSH’SUSH’S IINVOLVEMENT IN THE NATIONAL NVOLVEMENT IN THE NATIONAL FORESTRY ACT FORESTRY ACT (NFMA)(NFMA)

THE MAIN DILLEMAS

Different president’s regulations appealed to different audiences & groups

Change objectives today are based on neo-liberarism

Bush portrayed a neo-conservative ideology Clinton used communication and education

tactics Environmental protection versus profit

COMMUNICATION AND EDUCATIONCLINTONResolved ambiguityInvolved friends

BUSHPoor CommunicationNeglect of ‘long-run’

BOTH SHOULDBe unbiasedDevelop trust + harmony

PARTICIPATION

Fundamental basics in to warrant success to the national forestry examinations would entail: Get inside the stakeholder’s mind. Differentiate from previous mandates as being

better. Improve and perfect on decisions based on

rationality.

NEGOTIATION

The personality traits that make ‘the big five’ in negotiation dealings are summarized as follows: Neuroticism (ie: Bush) Extraversion (ie: Clinton) Openness (ie: Clinton) Agreeableness (ie: Bush & Clinton) Conscientiousness (ie: Bush & Clinton)

COERCION

Both presidents used their coercive power in favor of their own groups and ideologies:

Clinton placed a new environmental person in charge of the ESM (EcoSystems Management).

Bush took the power from the public and stakeholders in order to maintain some amendments that were facilitating his politics.

TOP MANAGEMENT SUPPORT Clinton selected key people within strategically

important positions.

Clinton’s secretary - Glickman - set up a committee of scientists to counsel the Forest Service in the rule-making process.

Bush’s government management staff instructed Forest Service administrators.

Bush’s top management support combined the strategy of problem redefinition with a modification of bureaucratic requirements.

CONCLUSION

Communication Communication & Education& Education

NegotiationNegotiation

Top Management Top Management SupportSupport

ParticipationParticipation

CoercioCoercionn

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION