Lesson XXXIV

Present Passive InfinitivesTranslation practice

Present Passive Infinitives

You have already learned the present active infinitive. It’s the 2nd principal part of the verb:

portare: to carrydocere: to teachmunire: to fortify

Present Passive InfinitivesNow it’s time to learn the present passive infinitive. It’s easy!Just change the final –e to an –i:

portari: to be carrieddoceri: to be taughtmuniri: to be fortified

Present Passive InfinitivesThe only verbs that DO NOT follow that simple rule are 3rd conjugation. Remember that they always cause trouble and do things a little differently…These are the –o/–ere verbs,like these:pono, ponereduco, ducere

Present Passive InfinitivesInstead of changing the –re to –ri, 3rd conjugation verbs go nuts and chop off their ENTIRE -ere, then replace it with just an –i!

ducere: to leadduci: to be ledponere: to placeponi: to be placed

Present Passive InfinitivesBut aside from the nutty 3rd conjugations, present passive infinitives are pretty easy to recognize and translate.VERB Present Act. Inf. Present Passive Inf.amo, amare: amare---to love amari: to be lovedmoneo, monere: monere---to warn moneri: to be warned rego, regere: regere---to rule regi---to be ruledaudio, audire: audire---to hear audiri---to be heard

• Present Act. Inf.

• amo, amare: amare---to love

• moneo, monere: monere---to warn

• rego, regere: regere---to rule

• audio, audire: audire---to hear

• Present Passive Inf.• amari: to be loved

• moneri: to be warned

• regi---to be ruled

• audiri---to be heard

liberi, liberorum

(m. pl.) children

superbia, superbiae (f.)

pride, arrogance

primus, prima, primum:

primary, primitive

first

superbus, superba,

superbum:

superb

proud, arrogant

adsum, adesse, adfui, adfuturus:

be near, be present

educo, educere, eduxi, eductus:

lead out

Interficio, interficere, interfeci,

interfectus:

kill

permitto, permittere, permisi,

permissus:

let go through, allow, entrust (w/dative)

remaneo, remanere, remansi,

remansurus:

stay behind, remain

tamen:

nevertheless

Present Active Infinitive

Translation Present Passive Infinitive

Translation

convocare

liberare

augere

merere

iubere

scribere

trahere

afficere

cupere

audire

Present Active Infinitive

Translation Present Passive Infinitive

Translation

convocare to call together convocari to be called together

liberare to set free liberari to be set free

augere to increase augeri to be increased

merere to deserve/earn mereri to be deserved

iubere to order iuberi to be ordered

scribere to write scribi to be written

trahere to drag trahi to be dragged

afficere to affect/afflict affici to be affected

cupere to desire/wish cupi to be desired

audire to hear audiri to be heard