LESSON ONE

CYLINDERS & CRANKCASE

1.THE DEFINITION OF A FRAME

The engine load carrying part that includes:

cylinder block

ENTABLATURE

- name given to the cylinder block which incorporates the scavenge air space and the cooling water spaces

STUFFING BOX

- prevents lube oil from from being drawn up into the scavenge air space

1.THE DEFINITION OF A FRAME

The engine load carrying part that includes:

cylinder block

crankcase

bedplate or base

1.THE DEFINITION OF A FRAME

The engine load carrying part that includes:

cylinder block

crankcase

bedplate or base

sump or oil pan

end plates

1.THE DEFINITION OF A FRAME

The engine load carrying part that includes:

cylinder block

crankcase

bedplate or base

sump or oil pan

end plates

2. THE DEFINITION OF A CYLINDER BLOCK

A cast iron casing which encloses / houses cylinder liners & supports heads.The heads are tightly secured by studs and nuts to the cylinder block

3. THE DEFINITION OF A CRANKCASE

The crankcase is a housing for the crankshaft and provides space for its rotation.

3. THE DEFINITION OF A CRANKCASE

The crankcase is a housing for the crankshaft and provides space for its rotation.

3.1 MATERIAL

cast steel

cast steel & welded steel plates

3. THE DEFINITION OF A CRANKCASE

The crankcase is a housing for the crankshaft and provides space for its rotation.

3.1 MATERIAL

cast steel

cast steel & welded steel plates

3.2 LOCATION

A column or frame, mounted on the bedplate, forms the engine crankcase.

3. THE DEFINITION OF A CRANKCASE

3.3 CONNECTION

Bedplate to frames-by steel tie rods / long tie bolt

Cylinder covers to cylinder liners-by strong studs anchored in the cylinder block ( M.A.N. )

3.4 CRANKCASE EXPLOSION

3.4.1 Causes

Oil droplets are formed by oil splashing from the bearings mix with air.This mixture does not

readily burn or explode unless there are overheated parts within the crankcase & presence of fuel oil.

3.4 CRANKCASE EXPLOSION

3.4.1 Causes

Oil droplets are formed by oil splashing from the bearings mix with air.This mixture does not readily burn or explode unless there are overheated parts within the crankcase & presence of fuel oil.

3.4.2 Prevention

Proper maintenance, correct lubrication, cleanliness.

3.4 CRANKCASE EXPLOSION

3.4.1 Causes

Oil droplets are formed by oil splashing from the bearings mix with air.This mixture does not readily burn or explode unless there are overheated parts within the crankcase & presence of fuel oil.

3.4.2 Prevention

Proper maintenance, correct lubrication, cleanliness.

3.4.3 Safety arrangements

Crankcase explosion relief valves;

Inert gas flooding system;

Crankcase mist detector

3.4.4 Consequences

Minor explosion, flames, pressure shock wave

( ruptures crankcase doors )

Major explosion – widespread damage

3.4.5 Actions

Stop engine until it cools down.

4. BEDPLATE OR BASE

4.1 DEFINITION

Main strength part providing rigid support for the main bearings and crankshaft.

4. BEDPLATE OR BASE

4.1 DEFINITION

Main strength part providing rigid support for the main bearings and crankshaft.

4.2 STRUCTURE

longitudinal box structures with stiffening members and webs

transverse members or girders

4. BEDPLATE OR BASE

4.3 STRESSES

Heavy stresses in operation

While supporting the main bearings and bolts

4.4 FUNCTION

to support the frame and all working parts

to collect crankcase lubricating oil and return it to the sump / draining tank

5. TIE BOLTS

- long tie bolts are fitted through the bedplate, frames and entablature to hold these three components in compression and to transmit the firing forces back to the bedplate

- tightened hydraulically

- positioned as close to the center of crankshaft as possible to prevent excessive bending moments

VERB + NOUN COLLOCATIONS

BOLT

loosen

slacken

release

remove

ease off

(un)tighten

EXPRESSION

• the bolt chatters • the bolt fits tightly• the bolt has been pinned• the bolt has been renewed• the bolts has been retightened• the bolt is rusted through• the bolt is stuck• the bolt works loose

EXPRESSIONS

the bolt chatters – svornjak klepeće the bolt fits tightly – svornjak tijesno naliježe the bolt has been pinned – svornjak je osiguran the bolt has been renewed – svornjak je promijenjen the bolts has been retightened – svornjak je ponovno pritegnut the bolt is rusted through – svornjak je prohrđao the bolt is stuck – svornjak se ne može odvrnuti the bolt works loose – svornjak popušta sam