Sedimentary Rocks D. Crowley, 2008. Sedimentary Rocks To know how sedimentary rocks are formed.
Lesson 3 Reading Guide - KC How do sedimentary rocks form? What are the three types of sedimentary...
Transcript of Lesson 3 Reading Guide - KC How do sedimentary rocks form? What are the three types of sedimentary...
![Page 1: Lesson 3 Reading Guide - KC How do sedimentary rocks form? What are the three types of sedimentary rocks? Sedimentary Rocks.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649cbf5503460f949857c6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
• How do sedimentary rocks form?
• What are the three types of sedimentary rocks?
Sedimentary Rocks
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• compaction
• cementation
• clastic rock
Sedimentary Rocks
• clast
• chemical rock
• biochemical rock
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• Mineral and rock fragments can be transported by water, glacial ice, gravity, or wind.
• The sediments eventually are deposited, or laid down, where they can them accumulate in layers.
Sedimentary Rock Formation
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• The weight from the layers of sediment forces out fluids and decreases the space between grains during a process called compaction.
• Compaction can lead to a process called cementation.
Sedimentary Rock Formation (cont.)
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• When minerals dissolved in water crystallize between sediment grains, the process is called cementation.
• Mineral cement holds the grains together.
Sedimentary Rock Formation (cont.)
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Sedimentary Rock Formation (cont.)
What is the difference between compaction and cementation?
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• Sedimentary rocks that are made up of broken pieces of minerals and rock fragments are known as clastic rocks.
• The broken pieces and fragments are called clasts.
• Sediment size alone cannot be used to determine the environment where a clastic rock formed.
Sedimentary Rock Identification
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Sedimentary Rock Identification (cont.)
clastic
from Greek klastos, means “broken”
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• When water becomes saturated with dissolved minerals, particles can crystallize out of the water and form minerals.
• Chemical rocks form when minerals crystallize directly from water.
Sedimentary Rock Identification (cont.)
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The water that once filled this lake bed was saturated with dissolved halite. The water evaporated and crystalline rock salt formed.
National G
eographic/Getty Im
ages
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• Biochemical rock is a sedimentary rock that was formed by organisms or contains the remains of organisms.
• Sometimes the remains or traces of organisms are preserved as fossils in biochemical rock.
Sedimentary Rock Identification (cont.)
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Chemical and biochemical sedimentary rocks are common on Earth’s surface.
Sedimentary Rock Identification (cont.)
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Sedimentary Rock Identification (cont.)
How do chemical and biochemical sedimentary rocks form?
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• A clastic sedimentary rock is made of clasts of minerals or rock fragments.
• When minerals crystallize directly from water, a chemical sedimentary rock results.
• A biochemical sedimentary rock contains the remains of living organisms or was formed by organisms.
National Geographic/Getty Images
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A. cementation
B. crystallization
C. compaction
D. evaporation
During which process does the weight from layers of sediment force out fluids and decrease the space between grains?
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A. chemical C. fragmented
B. biochemical D. clastic
Which types of rocks are sedimentary rocks made up of broken pieces of minerals and rock fragments?
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A. gas
B. water
C. sediment
D. magma
Chemical rocks form when minerals crystallize directly from which of these?
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5. Water can dissolve rock.
6. All sedimentary rocks on earth formed from the remains of organisms that lived in oceans.
Do you agree or disagree?