Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

24
LEGO ® DNA DNA Structure & Replication With slides from LEGO DNA/RNA Booklet 1 © The LEGO Group and MIT All rights reserved KV Version 4-22-11 LEGO Lesson 2 PPT DNA Kathy Vandiver, Ph.D. and Amanda Gruhl, Ph.D. Community Outreach and Education Program, Center for Environmental Health Sciences (CEHS), MIT, Cambridge MA 1

Transcript of Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

Page 1: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

1

LEGO® DNA DNA Structure & Replication

With slides fromLEGO DNA/RNA Booklet 1

© The LEGO Group and MIT All rights reservedKV Version 4-22-11

LEGO Lesson 2 PPT DNA

Kathy Vandiver, Ph.D. and Amanda Gruhl, Ph.D. Community Outreach and Education Program, Center for Environmental Health Sciences (CEHS),

MIT, Cambridge MA

Page 2: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

2

DNA what else do they call it?

© The LEGO Group and MIT All rights reservedKV Version 4-22-11

Demonstrate the structure of DNA with teacher LEGO Model

Page 3: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

3

DNA what else do they call it?

A double helix…. Why?

© The LEGO Group and MIT All rights reservedKV Version 4-22-11

Demonstrate the structure of DNA with teacher LEGO Model

Page 4: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

4

DNA what do they call it? 1) Look at the LEGO model

See the twist/ spiral? that is a “helix”

See the 2 strands? See why DNA is called “the double helix?”

2) See how the 2 strands look like backbones? “Sugar + phosphate” LEGO = backbones 3) See any repeating parts? Nucleotides These small molecules are found in the nucleus. “Nucleotides are in the nucleus”. Easy to remember!

© The LEGO Group and MIT All rights reservedKV Version 4-22-11

Demonstrate the structure of DNA with teacher LEGO Model

Page 5: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

5

DNA opens up in the middle!

© The LEGO Group and MIT All rights reservedKV Version 4-22-11

Demonstrate the structure of DNA with teacher LEGO Model

Demonstrate how DNA can unzip!

REASON– The nucleotides are held together in the middle by very weak bonds.

Page 6: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

6

Remember about the nucleus. It has lots of free nucleotides + DNA

Page 7: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

7

Look at kit compartments/ see labels. Learn about DNA & RNA nucleotides

Page 8: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

8

What makes a nucleotide? Base, sugar, phosphate

Each person can do this activity. Do this page and continue on page 7

Page 9: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

9

What makes a nucleotide? Base, sugar, phosphate

Which two are bigger?

Page 10: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

10

Discover which DNA bases work together to make the DNA ladder

Each person can do this activity. Do this page and continue on page 7

Page 11: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

11

Early scientists were puzzled by Chargaff’s rules #A=#T and #C= #G

Each person can do this activity. Count your A, T, C, Gs A = ? C= ? T = ? G= ?

Chargaff’s rules: A=T and C= G

Did it work? Why must they be equal ?

© The LEGO Group and MIT All rights reserved

Page 12: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

12

Practice opening up the DNA. When does the cell open the DNA ?

Each person can do this activity.

Review: DNA is like a street –it has strands running in 2 opposite directions. DNA always pairs a big and a small nucleotide together.

© The LEGO Group and MIT All rights reserved

Page 13: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

13

Model the vocabulary words: DNA Gene and Chromosome

4 Students join their DNA sections (genes) together into one chromosome.

Page 14: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

14

DNA Replication! The cell will become two cells soon. Needs to copy the DNA

Put away nucleotides. Each team builds the DNA below. Continue pages 10, 11, 12

Page 15: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

15

Continue Replicating the DNA pages 10, 11, 12

Page 16: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

16

Continue Replicating the DNA pages 10, 11, 12

Page 17: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

17

DNA Replication is complete ! Look at the results. Are both the same? Where did the original DNA go?

DNA Replication! Check out what happened.

Page 18: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

18

DNA Replication Lesson Completed. Next slides are about DNA codons.

Page 19: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

19

Three nucleotides in a row means a certain amino acid.

Use the gene strips to help you learn about codons.

Page 20: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

20

Three nucleotides in a line means a certain amino acid.

Build with the gene strips

Page 21: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

21

Three nucleotides means a amino acid. Decode the protein message here !

Look up the DNA codons on page 16 & 17. Place the cards under the codon

Page 22: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

22

Page 23: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

23

Page 24: Lesson 2 - DNA Structure and Replication

24