BICOL UNIVERSITYCollege of Agriculture and Forestry

Guinobatan, Albay

Lesson 10The Computer as a

Tutor

Prepared by:DIANA SADULLO

(3rd year Bachelor in Agricultural Technology Education)

The Computer as a TutorThe computer is the human ingenuity. Even its

original design in the 1950’s. With the intervention of the microcomputer (now also commonly referred

to PC’s or personal computers, the PC has become the tool for program instructions.

Educators saw much use of the PC. It has become affordable to small business, industries and homes. They saw its potential for individualization in learning, especially as individualized learning is a problem since teachers usually with a class of forty one or more learners.

Computer-assisted instruction (CAI)

The computer can be a tutor in effect relieving the teacher of

many activities in his personal role as classroom tutor.

T.L.E Teacher in MORMS

But the computer cannot totally replace the teacher since

the teacher shall continue to play the major roles of

information deliverer and learning environment controller.

At Marcial O. Rañola Memorial School

Even with the available computer and CAI software, the TEACHER must:

•Ensure the students have the needed knowledge and skills for any computer activity.

  Even with the available computer and CAI software, the TEACHER must:

•Decide the appropriate learning objectives.

Even with the available computer and CAI software, the TEACHER must:

•Plan the sequence and structured activities to achieve objectives.

Even with the available computer and CAI software, the TEACHER must:

• Evaluate the student’s achievement by ways of test the specific expected outcomes.

Grade 8 students at MORMS

Grade 9 students at MORMS

 On the other hand, the students in CAI play their own roles as LEARNERS as

they:

• Receive information.

On the other hand, the students in CAI play their own roles as LEARNERS as

they:

• Understanding information for the computer

activity.BUCAF Library

On the other hand, the students in CAI play their own roles as LEARNERS as

they:

• Retain/keep in mind the

information and rules for the

computer activity.

BUCAF, GE Room

On the other hand, the students in CAI play their own roles as LEARNERS as

they:

• Apply the knowledge and rules during the

process of computer learning.

BUCAF Library

The COMPUTER plays its roles as it:

• Acts as a sort of tutor (the role traditionally

played by the teachers).

The COMPUTER plays its roles as it:

• Provides a learning

environment.

The COMPUTER plays its roles as it:

• Delivers learning

instruction.

The COMPUTER plays its roles as it:

• Provides feedback.

The COMPUTER plays its roles as it:

• Reinforces learning through

drill and practice.

BUCAF Library

CAI integrated with Lessons

CAI computer learning should not stop with the drill and practice activities of students

CAI works best in reinforcing learning through repetitive exercises such that students can practice basic skills or knowledge in various subject areas.

CAI integrated with Lessons• In these programs, the

computer presents a question/problem first and the student is asked to answer the question/problem. Immediate feedback is given to the student’s answer.

When and how can teachers integrate drill and practice programs with their

lesson?

Example:Multiplication table, letter and word recognition, identification of geometric shapes, etc.)

Use drill and practice programs for basic skills and knowledge that require rapid or automatic response by students

When and how can teachers integrate drill and practice programs with their

lesson? Ensure that drill and practice activities conform to the lesson plan/curriculum.

Limit drill and practice to 20-30 minutes to avoid boredom.

Use drill and practice to assist students with particular weakness in basic skills.

In integrating computer programs in

instruction, use tutorial software associated

with cognitive learning.

THE TUTORIAL SOFTWARE SHOULD BE ABLE TO:

Teach new content/new information to students

Provide comprehensive information on concepts in addition to practice exercises.

THE TUTORIAL SOFTWARE SHOULD BE ABLE TO:

Can be effectively used for remediation, reviewing, or enrichment.

Allow the teacher to introduce follow-up questions to stimulate students learning.

Permits group activity for cooperative learning.

SIMULATION PROGRAMSSimulation software materials are another

kind of software that is constructivist in nature.

SIMULATION PROGRAMSThese simulation software:• Teacher strategies and rules applied to

real-life problems/situation.• Ask students to make decisions on

models or scenarios.• Allow students to manipulate elements of

a model and get the experience of their decisions.

Example:SimCity in which students are allowed to

artificially manage a city environment and decision-making is involve.

INSTRUCTIONAL GAMES

Relating to low level learning objectives (e.g. basic spelling or math skills), instructional computer games add the elements of competition and

challenge.

INSTRUCTIONAL GAMESExample:

GeoSafari introduces adventure

activities for Geography History and

Science.

PROBLEM SOLVING SOFTWARE

These are more sophisticated than the drill and practice exercise and allow students to learn and

improve on their own problem solving ability.

  PROBLEM SOLVING SOFTWARE

Example:The Thinking Things 1 is a problem solving software in

which the team learners must help each other by observing comparing.

MULTIMEDIA ENCYCLOPEDIA AND ELECTRONIC BOOKS

The Multimedia Encyclopedia can score a huge database with text, images, animation, audio and video. Students can access any

desired information, search it vast contents and even download/print relevant portions of the data

for their composition or presentation.

MULTIMEDIA ENCYCLOPEDIA AND ELECTRONIC BOOKS

Example:

Eyewitness children’s encyclopedia.

MULTIMEDIA ENCYCLOPEDIA AND ELECTRONIC BOOKS Electronic books provide textual

information for reading supplemented by other types of multimedia information

(sounds, spoken words, pictures, animation). These are useful for learning

reading, spelling, and word skills.

MULTIMEDIA ENCYCLOPEDIA AND ELECTRONIC BOOKS

Examples:Grandma and Me animated storybook which offer

sprites for young learner’s curiosity.

CONCLUSION

The computer is a tutor in this new age of learning. It does not replace the teacher, although it assumes certain roles previously assigned to teachers who now has to take the new role of facilitator and guide.

Assignment:1. Many software materials available

in developed countries are not yet available in developing countries. Do you think awareness of the existence of these materials can still help teachers in developing countries ?

2. Students play games at home and nearby school computer cafes. How do these games differ from instructional computer games?

Reference:Paz I. Lucido, Ph. D, Educational Technology 2, Lorimar Publishing Inc. Copyright 2012