Kingdom of Lesotho

Bureau of Statistics P.O. Box 455 Maseru 100 Lesotho Tel: +266 22 323 852/22 326 393 Fax: +266 22310177 E-mail: agric@bos.gov.ls Website: www.bos.gov.ls

Mission: To coordinate the National Statistical System (NSS) and produce accurate, timely and reliable culturally relevant and internationally comparable statistical data for evidence-based planning, decision making, research, policy, program formulation and monitoring and evaluation to satisfy the needs of users and producers.

Statistical Report No: 28 of 2012 LESOTHO LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS 2007/2008

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Contents Page Table of Contents…….…………………….……………………………………………………….i

List of Tables ....................................................................................................... ii

List of Figures ..................................................................................................... ii

1.0 Introduction ..................................................................................................1

1.1 Data Collection ..............................................................................................1

1.2 Limitations ....................................................................................................1

2.0 Findings ........................................................................................................2

2.1 Milk Production .............................................................................................2

2.1.1 Raw Milk .................................................................................................2

2.1.2 Processed Milk.........................................................................................4

2.1.3 Imports of Milk and Milk Products ............................................................4

2.2 Meat Production ............................................................................................5

2.2.1 Slaughtered Animals ................................................................................5

2.2.2 Imports of Meat .......................................................................................6

2.3 Egg Production ..............................................................................................7

2.3.1 Local Egg Production ...............................................................................7

2.3.2 Imports of Eggs........................................................................................7

2.4. Wool and Mohair Production .........................................................................8

2.4.1 Wool Production ......................................................................................8

2.4.2 Mohair Production ...................................................................................9

ANNEX 1 Tables ................................................................................................ 10

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List of Tables Page

Table 2.1: Raw milk Received, Imported, and Exported (in litres) by Months, 2007/2008 Marketing Year..................................................................3

Table 2.2: Milk Production (in litres) by District and Type of Residence, 2007/2008 Marketing Year ...................................................................................3

Table 2.3: Number of Slaughtered Livestock by District, 2007/2008 Marketing Year ..........................................................................................................6

Table 2.4: Number of Trays and Percentage Distribution of Local Eggs by District, 2007/2008 Marketing Year..................................................................7

Table 2.5: Number of Trays and Percentage Distribution of Importes Eggs by Month, 2007/2008 Marketing Year ......................................................8

List of Figures

Figure 2.1: Quantity of Milk Processed (Litres) by Month and Type, 2007/2008 Marketing Year ...................................................................................4

Figure 2.2: Percentage Share of Imported Milk and Milk Products, 2007/2008 Marketing Year ...................................................................................5

Figure 2.3: Percentage Distribution of Imported Meat and Meat Products by Type, 2007/2008 Marketing Year..................................................................6

Figure 2.4: Percentage Distribution of Wool Production by District, 2007/2008 Marketing Year ...................................................................................9

Figure 2.5: Percentage Distribution of Mohair Production by District, 2007/2008 Marketing Year ...................................................................................9

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1.0 Introduction

The Bureau of Statistics (BOS) compiles and analyses statistics on livestock products obtained from different sectors or organizations. These sectors include Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security; Department of Livestock, Ministry of Trade, Cooperatives, Industry and Marketing; Department of Marketing, Lesotho National Dairy Board (LNDB) and Lesotho Dairy Products Company. Some livestock statistics are obtained from the Annual Agriculture Production Survey (APS). This report gives information on livestock products for 2007/2008 Marketing Year. The Marketing Year commences from the 1st April to the 31st March of the following year. The Livestock Products covered in this report are milk, milk products, meat, eggs, wool and mohair.

1.1 Data Collection Data on livestock products was obtained from relevant ministries and other organizations in a form of secondary data. Information on milk and milk products was collected from LNDB and Lesotho Dairy Products Company while data on wool, mohair and eggs was collected from Department of Marketing. Data on imported meat was obtained from Department of Livestock.

Local egg and meat production data as well as some of the raw milk data were obtained from the APS in a form of primary data. This information is collected through face to face interviews from selected agricultural households or farming households during data collection of APS both in the rural and urban areas of the country. This is done during the Agricultural Year which starts on the 1st August to the 31st July of the following.

1.2 Limitations Due to the closure of Maluti Highlands Abattoir the information on the production of meat is currently collected at household level. There is under coverage in livestock products data because some imports and exports may have not been declared, that is, some of the imported and/exported livestock products may have entered and/exited the country without being declared.

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2.0 Findings

This section covers the production of milk, eggs, wool and mohair. It also includes imports and exports of meat, milk and their products. 2.1 Milk Production

Lesotho Dairy Products Company collects raw milk from the local farmers countrywide. The collected milk is processed into ‘Fresh Pasteurized’ and ‘Cultured Milk’ (Mafi). In the case of shortage, raw milk is imported from the Republic of South Africa. On the other hand, if the plant collected excessive quantity of milk, the excess is exported to the Republic of South Africa. 2.1.1 Raw Milk

Raw milk refers to fresh milk from cows that have not been pasteurized. It is milk that has not been processed through heating to kill micro-organism that can cause diseases. This part deals with raw milk collected by the Lesotho Dairy Products Company as well as the raw milk data from APS. Table 2.1, indicates raw milk received and exported by the Lesotho Dairy Products Company. According to the table, the dairy collected 2,000,327 litres of raw milk of which 97.3 percent was collected the local farmers and 2.7 percent was imported. It was only in July, where 20,590 litres of raw milk collected by the dairy was exported to the Republic of South Africa.

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Table 2.1: Raw milk (in litres) Received, Imported, and Exported by Months, 2007/2008 Marketing Year

Month Local Imports Total Collected Exports

April 156,569 14,283 170,852 0

May 137,149 21,674 158,823 0

June 146,392 8,820 155,212 0

July 162,108 0 162,108 20,950

August 137,003 0 137,003 0

September 143,783 0 143,783 0

October 140,907 0 140,907 0

November 155,874 0 155,874 0

December 190,939 0 190,939 0

January 194,193 0 194,193 0

February 178,958 10,000 188,958 0

March 175,479 0 175,479 0

Total 1,945,550 54,777 2,000,327 20,950 Source: Lesotho National Dairy Board

APS provides data on raw milk from the rural and urban areas of the country. Table 2.2 shows the quantity of raw milk in litres from APS by district and type of residence. Out of 18,261,570 litres of raw milk, Leribe recorded the highest quantity of milk (3,859,064 litres), followed by Thaba-Tseka with 3,077,111 litres while Mafeteng was the lowest with 601,961 litres.

It is further observed from the table that in the urban areas, Maseru contributed the highest quantity of milk (523,987 litres), followed by Berea with 171,932 litres with Mohale’s Hoek as the least at 596 litres. As for the rural parts of the country, Leribe recorded the highest number of litres (3,777,295) and Thaba-Tseka followed with 3,068,629 litres. Mafeteng had the lowest quantity of milk constituting 600,172 litres. Table 2.2: Milk Production (in litres) by District and Type of Residence, 2007/2008 Marketing Year

District Rural Urban Total

Botha-Bothe 2,826,394 36,735 2,863,129

Leribe 3,777,295 81,769 3,859,064

Berea 978,898 171,932 1,150,830

Maseru 1,494,333 523,987 2,018,320

Mafeteng 600,172 1,789 601,961

Mohale's Hoek 735,964 596 735,964

Quthing 624,494 2,929 627,423

Qacha's Nek 2,134,121 1,188 2,135,309

Mokhotlong 1,189,292 3,166 1,192,458

Thaba-Tseka 3,068,629 8,482 3,077,111

Lesotho 17,429,592 832,573 18,261,569

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2.1.2 Processed Milk Lesotho Diary Products collects raw milk from farmers and processes it into Fresh Pasteurized and Cultured Milk. Figure 2.1 shows the quantity of milk processed. The highest production of ‘Fresh Milk’ was in February with 114,172 litres followed by November with 101,939 litres. The lowest production was 50,659 litres which were processed in July. The total production of fresh milk for the year was estimated at 978,682 litres (Annex, Table LP 2). Out of 1,151,070 litres (Annex, Table LP 2) of ‘Cultured Milk’ in 2007/2008 Marketing Year, the highest number of litres is observed in November (112,744) followed by January with 108,145 litres. The lowest quantity of ‘Cultured Milk’ is observed in July with 70,058 litres.

Figure 2.1: Quantity of Processed Milk (Litres) by Month and Type, 2007/2008 Marketing Year

Source: Lesotho National Diary Board

2.1.3 Imports of Milk and Milk Products

Milk products include Yoghurt, Ice-cream, Custard, Cream, Buttermilk and ‘Flavoured Milk’. However, in this report only the first three products as well as Longlife are discussed. There were 7,256,680 litres of imported milk and milk products in 2007/2008 Marketing Year. Figure 2.2 shows the percentage share of imported milk and milk products in 2007/2008 Marketing Year. Longlife milk constituted 89.4 percent of the total imported milk and milk products, followed by Yoghurt with 9.4 percent while Ice-cream and Custard were the least with 0.6 percent each. However in 2006/2007 Marketing Year, Long life milk constituted 92.4 percent of imported milk and milk

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products followed by yoghurt with 7.2 percent and Ice-cream with 0.4 percent. This shows that there had been a 3.0 percentage decrease for Longlife milk whereas for Yoghurt and Ice-cream there had been 2.2 and 0.2 percentage increases respectively in 2007/2008 Marketing Year. There were no Custard imports in 2006/2007 Marketing Year.

Figure 2.2: Percentage Share of Imported Milk and Milk Products, 2007/2008 Marketing Year

Source: Lesotho National Diary Board

2.2 Meat Production This section comprises of animals slaughtered in Lesotho as well as other meat products imports. As mentioned early, due to the closure of the national abattoir, in this report meat production is manifested in the form of animals slaughtered and imported meat products. The data on slaughtered animals is only based on animals slaughtered in the rural areas at household level.

2.2.1 Slaughtered Animals This part presents the number of slaughtered animals. Table 2.3 shows the number of livestock slaughtered by district. According to the table, out of 141,244 slaughtered animals countrywide in 2007/2008 Marketing Year, the number of Goats slaughtered was the highest (54,027) followed by Sheep (42,105), Pigs (26,409) and then Cattle (18,199). Donkeys and Horses were the least slaughtered animals with 374 and 130 respectively.

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Table 2.3: Number of Slaughtered Livestock by District, 2007/2008 Marketing Year

District Cattle Sheep Goats Pigs Horses Donkeys Total

Botha-Bothe 600 2,437 2,024 822 0 0 5,883

Leribe 1,788 2,692 12,316 4,105 130 105 21,136

Berea 2,759 7,258 1,872 2,589 0 0 14,478

Maseru 4,513 6,080 12,690 10,375 0 0 33,658

Mafeteng 2,214 5,512 2,407 1,417 0 0 11,550

Mohale's Hoek 3,644 6,546 10,652 3,435 0 269 24,546

Quthing 793 2,497 5,417 1,230 0 0 9,937

Qacha's Nek 536 846 623 26 0 0 2,031

Thaba-Tseka 1,020 2,136 2,007 999 0 0 6,162

Mokhotlong 332 6,101 4,019 1,410 0 0 11,862

Lesotho 18,199 42,105 54,027 26,409 130 374 141,244 2.2.2 Imports of Meat Most of meat imports in Lesotho are from the Republic of South Africa. Figure 2.3 shows percentage distribution of imported meat and meat products by type in 2007/2008 Marketing Year. ‘Poultry Meat’ (53.0 percent) was the mostly imported, followed by Russians and Beef with 31.0 and 7.0 percent respectively. Figure 2.3: Percentage Distribution of Imported Meat and Meat Products by Type, 2007/2008 Marketing Year

Source: Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security; Department of Livestock

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2.3 Egg Production

Egg production comprises imported and locally produced eggs.

2.3.1 Local Egg Production

Laying hens are reared for the production of eggs. Table 2.5 presents the number and percentage distribution of egg trays produced by district in 2007/2008 Marketing Year. The total number of trays produced countrywide was 568,212. Leribe produced the highest proportion of trays (20.9 percent) while Qacha’s Nek was the least trays (2.8 percent). Table 2.5: Number of Trays and Percentage Distribution of Local Eggs by District, 2007/2008 Marketing Year

District Number Percentage

Botha-Bothe 56,236 9.9

Leribe 118,839 20.9

Berea 59,762 10.5

Maseru 68,215 12.0

Mafeteng 32,694 5.8

Mohale's Hoek 54,523 9.6

Quthing 63,729 11.2

Qacha's Nek 16,084 2.8

Mokhotlong 54,524 9.6

Thaba-Tseka 43,606 7.7

Lesotho 568,212 100.0

2.3.2 Imports of Eggs

This section presents the number of eggs imported into the country. Table 2.4 shows the percentage distribution of eggs imported by month in 2007/2008 Marketing Year. In November, there were more trays imported than in any other months (24.5 percent). However, there were no eggs imported in the months of May to October.

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Table 2.4: Number of Trays and Percentage Distribution of Imported Eggs by Month, 2007/2008 Marketing Year

Month Number of Trays Percentage

April 8,095 14.8

May - -

June - -

July - -

August - -

September - -

October - -

November 13,402 24.5

December 4,822 8.8

January 8,241 15.0

February 11,520 21.0

March 8,714 15.9

Total 54,794 100 Source: Ministry of Trade, Industry, Cooperative and Marketing 2.4. Wool and Mohair Production Wool and mohair are the most exported agricultural products in Lesotho. The economy of Lesotho amongst other commodities is supported by the foreign exchange obtained from exportation of wool and mohair that is produced in the country. 2.4.1 Wool Production Wool is obtained from the shearing sheep. Figure 2.5 depicts percentage distribution of wool production in 2007/2008 Marketing Year by district. It is observed that Mokhotlong recorded the highest production of wool (21.7 percent), followed by Maseru, Thaba-Tseka and Quthing with 15.3, 14.0 and 13.3 percent respectively. The other districts contributed production below 10.0 percent. Berea was the lowest with 2.6 percent.

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Figure 2.4: Percentage Distribution of Wool Production by District, 2007/2008 Marketing Year

Source: Ministry of Trade, Industry, Cooperative and Marketing

2.4.2 Mohair Production Mohair is obtained from the shearing goats. Figure 2.6 depicts the percentage distribution of mohair production in 2007/2008 Marketing Year Mokhotlong produced the highest quantity of Mohair constituting 24.1 percent. Thaba-Tseka followed with 15.0 percent and Maseru contributed 14.9 percent. Mafeteng had the lowest production of mohair with 1.6 percent.

Figure 2.5: Percentage Distribution of Mohair Production by District, 2007/2008 Marketing Year

Source: Ministry of Trade, Industry, Cooperative and Marketing

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ANNEX

Tables

Table LP 1: Raw Milk (Litres) collection by District and Urban/Rural, 2007/2008 Marketing Year

District Rural Urban Total

Botha-Bothe 2,826,394 36,735 2,863,129

Leribe 3,777,295 81,769 3,859,064

Berea 978,898 171,932 1,150,830

Maseru 1,494,333 523,987 2,018,320

Mafeteng 600,172 1,789 601,961

Mohale's Hoek 735,964 - 735,964

Quthing 624,494 2,929 627,423

Qacha's Nek 2,134,121 1,188 2,135,309

Mokhotlong 1,189,292 3,166 1,192,458

Thaba-Tseka 3,068,629 8,482 3,077,111

Lesotho 17,429,593 831,977 18,261,570 Table LP 2: Pasteurised Fresh milk and Cultured Milk (Litres) by month 2007/2008

Month Fresh Milk Cultured Milk

April 76,115 87,054

May 73,157 73,929

June 74,854 85,579

July 50,659 70,058

August 93,009 99,938

September 69,211 72,012

October 88,497 107,598

November 101,939 112,744

December 70,176 101,185

January 73,205 108,145

February 114,172 104,604

March 93,688 92,224

Total 978,682 1,115,070 Source: Lesotho National Diary Board

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Table LP 3: Imports of Milk Products (Litres) by Month, 2007/2008 Marketing Year

Month Ice-Cream Custard Yoghurt Longlife

April 0 2,566 48,623 324,692

May 0 2,611 59,054 448,606

June 3,702 1,226 33,042 388,102

July 0 1,942 49,320 397,842

August 0 3,116 58,815 557,205

September 11,242 2,536 68,702 677,423

October 2,563 4,246 74,812 684,249

November 6,412 8,791 82,035 522,043

December 8,402 5,168 86,299 746,006

January 9,311 2,838 69,066 461,700

February 8,136 2,211 60,212 752,877

March 5,537 2,486 57,598 453,315

Total 55,305 39,737 747,578 6,414,060 Source: Lesotho National Diary Board

Table LP 4: Imports of Milk Products in Litres by Year, 2007/2008 Marketing Year

Year Ice Cream Longlife Yoghurt Custard

2005/2006 38,101 6,260,323 532,807 -

2006/2007 31,770 7,214,481 1,156,435 -

2007/2008 55,305 6,414,060 747,578 39,737 Source: Lesotho National Diary Board

Table LP 5: Imported of Meat and Meat Products (Kg), 2007/2008 Marketing Year

Product Weight

Beef 274,226

Mutton 127,547

Poultry meat 2,190,601

Russians 1,288,946

Polony 95,233

Sausage 114,822

Fish &Turkey & Offals 21,603

Total 4,112,978 Source: Lesotho National Diary Board

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Table LP 6: Percentage Distribution of Eggs Produced (Trays) by District and Urban/Rural, 2007/2008 Marketing Year

District Urban Rural Total

Botha-Bothe 31,872 48,268 56,236

Leribe 160,296 78,765 118,839

Berea 75,512 40,884 59,762

Maseru 65,441 51,855 68,215

Mafeteng - 32,694 32,694

Mohale's Hoek - 54,523 54,523

Quthing - 63,729 63,729

Qacha's Nek - 16,084 16,084

Mokhotlong - 54,524 54,524

Thaba-Tseka - 43,606 43,606

Lesotho 333,121 484,932 568,212 Source: Lesotho National Diary Board

Table LP 7a: Wool Production (Kg) by District, Mass, Yield, Number of Sheep and Value, 2007/2008 Marketing Year

District Net Mass Clean Mass

Clean Yield

(%) No. Of Sheep Production Gross Value

(Maloti)

Average Price C/KG

Berea 66,450.10 33,795.20 50.9 22,144.00 3.0 1,735,883.90 2,612.30

Botha-Bothe 23,168.70 132,689.10 57.3 90,963.00 2.6 7,737,816.40 3,340.60

Leribe 171,382.90 99,187.40 57.9 62,177.00 2.8 5,901,279.50 3,443.30

Mokhotlong 559,026.40 324,107.10 58 177,665.00 3.2 19,471,567.60 3,483.10

Quthing 342,957.10 185,222.20 54 119,466.00 2.9 11,055,755.20 3,223.70

Mohale's Hoek 193,247.30 102,866.10 53.2 75,913.00 2.6 5,747,126.50 2,974.00

Maseru 394,224.80 221,693.70 56.2 170,587.00 2.3 12,713,546.50 3,225.00

Qacha's Nek 150,677.20 72,651.20 48.2 58,807.00 2.6 4,576,766.70 3,037.50

Mafeteng 103,621.00 5,112,909.00 49.3 35,108.00 3.0 2,687,213.30 2,593.30

Thaba-Tseka 360,235.30 200,626.90 55.7 144,687.00 2.5 12,504,882.00 3,471.30

Total 2,573,450.80 1,423,968.90 55.3 957,457.00 2.7 84,131,837.60 3,269.20 Source: Ministry of Trade, Industry, Cooperative and Marketing

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Table LP 7b: Mohair Production by District, Mass, Yield, Number of Goats and Value, 2007/2008 Marketing Year

District Net Mass Clean Mass

Clean Yield

(%) No. of Goat Production Gross Value

(Maloti)

Average Price C/KG

Berea 8,166.70 6,792.50 83.2 10,963.00 0.7 251,288.00 3,077.00

Botha-Bothe 46,694.00 33,379.90 71.5 56,827.00 0.8 1,674,591.10 3,586.30

Leribe 31,917.90 26,406.30 82.7 35,555.00 0.9 1,208,324.80 3,785.70

Mokhotlong 93,940.70 78,863.10 84 79,068.00 1.2 3,842,625.00 4,090.50

Quthing 34,673.50 28,939.10 83.5 50,651.00 0.7 1,141,272.40 3,291.50

Mohale's Hoek 33,474.70 25,717.30 76.8 48,762.00 0.7 1,017,964.80 3,041.00

Maseru 58,142.50 48,521.90 83.5 67,726.00 0.9 2,324,145.30 3,997.30

Qacha's Nek 18,958.60 15,908.30 83.9 27,284.00 0.7 637,909.50 3,364.80

Mafeteng 6,397.20 4,129.00 64.5 9,075.00 0.7 209,222.90 3,270.50

Thaba-Tseka 58,879.90 50,282.30 85.4 59,791.00 1 2,434,430.00 4,134.60

Total 391,245.70 318,939.60 79.9 445,702.00 0.9 14,741,773.80 3,767.90 Source: Ministry of Trade, Industry, Cooperative and Marketing