PUBLICATIONS OF LEON KNOPOFF

1952 [1] Knopoff, L., On Rayleigh wave velocities, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 42, 307-

308, 1952.

1954 [2] Knopoff, L., On the dissipative viscoelastic constants of higher order, J.

Acoust. Soc. Amer., 25, 183-186, 1954. [3] Knopoff, L., and R.J. Uffen, The densities of compounds at high pressures and

the state of the earth’s interior, J. Geophys. Research, 59, 471-484, 1954. [4] Knopoff, L., Seismic wave velocities in Westerly granite, Trans. Amer. Geo-

phys. Union, 35, 969-973, 1954.

1955 [5] Knopoff, L., Small three-dimensional seismic models, Trans. Amer. Geophys.

Union, 36, 1029-1034, 1955. [6] Knopoff, L., The interaction between elastic wave motions and a magnetic

field in electrical conductors, J. Geophys. Res., 60, 441-456, 1955.

1956 [7] Knopoff, L., The attenuation of compressional waves in lossy media, Bull.

Seismol. Soc. Amer., 46, 47-56, 1956. [8] Knopoff, L., Diffraction of elastic waves, J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 29, 217-229,

1956. [9] Knopoff, L., The seismic pulse in materials possessing solid friction, I: Plane

waves, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 46, 175-183, 1956.

1957 [10] Knopoff, L., R.W. Fredricks, A.F. Gangi and L.D. Porter, Surface amplitudes

of reflected body waves, Geophysics, 22, 842-847, 1957.

1958 [11] Knopoff, L., and G.J.F. MacDonald, Attenuation of small amplitude stress

waves in solids, Revs. Mod. Physics, 30, 1178-1192, 1958.

[12] Knopoff, L., Energy release in earthquakes, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 1, 44-52, 1958.

[13] Knopoff, L., Equation of state for water at high pressure, J. Chem. Physics,

28, 1067-1069, 1958. [14] Knopoff, L., Surface motions of a thick plate, J. Appl. Physics, 29, 661-670,

1958. [15] Knopoff, L., and G.J.F. MacDonald, The magnetic field and the central core of

the earth, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 1, 216-224, 1958. [16] Knopoff, L., Love waves from a line SH source, J. Geophys. Res., 63, 619-630,

1958. [17] MacDonald, G.J.F., and L. Knopoff, On the chemical composition of the outer

core, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 1, 284-297, 1958.

1959 [18] Slichter, L.B., and L. Knopoff, Field of an alternating magnetic dipole on the

surface of a layered earth, Geophysics, 24, 77-88, 1959. [19] Knopoff, L., Scattering of compression waves by spherical obstacles, Geophys-

ics, 24, 30-39, 1959. [20] Knopoff, L., and F. Gilbert, Radiation from a strike-slip fault, Bull. Seismol.

Soc. Amer., 49, 163-178, 1959. [21] Knopoff, L., Velocity of sound in two-component systems, J. Geophys. Res.,

64, 359-361, 1959. [22] Knopoff, L., Scattering of shear waves by spherical obstacles, Geophysics, 24,

209-219, 1959. [23] Knopoff, L., and F. Gilbert, First motion methods in theoretical seismology, J.

Acoust. Soc. Amer., 31, 1161-1168, 1959. [24] Gilbert, F., and L. Knopoff, Scattering of impulsive elastic waves by a rigid

cylinder, J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 31, 1169-1175, 1959. [25] Knopoff, L., The seismic pulse in materials possessing solid friction, II; Lamb’s

problem, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 49, 403-413, 1959. [26] Knopoff, L., and A.F. Gangi, Seismic reciprocity, Geophysics, 24, 681-691,

1959.

1960 [27] Knopoff, L., Deductive seismology, Appendix 6 in The Need for Fundamental

Research in Seismology, Report of the Panel on Seismic Improvement, L.V. Berkner, Chairman, in “Technical Aspects of Detection and Inspection Con-trols of a Nuclear Weapons Test Ban”, Congressional Hearings, April 19-22, 690-695, 1960.

[28] Knopoff, L., and F. Gilbert, First motions from seismic sources, Bull. Seismol.

Soc. Amer., 50, 117-133, 1960. [29] Knopoff, L., F. Gilbert and W.L. Pilant, Wave propagation in a medium with

a single layer, J. Geophys. Res., 65, 265-278, 1960. [30] Knopoff, L., and G.J.F. MacDonald, An equation of state for the core of the

earth, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 3, 68-77, 1960. [31] Knopoff, L., and G.J.F. MacDonald, Models for acoustic loss in solids, J. Geo-

phys. Res., 65, 2191-2197, 1960. [32] Gilbert, F. and L. Knopoff, Seismic scattering from topographic irregularities,

J. Geophys. Res., 65, 3437-3444, 1960. [33] Knopoff, L., and A.F. Gangi, Transmission and reflection of Rayleigh waves

by wedges, Geophysics, 25, 1203-1214, 1960. [34] Fredricks, R.W., and L. Knopoff, The reflection of Rayleigh waves by a high-

impedance obstacle on a half-space, Geophysics, 25, 1195-1202, 1960. [35] Kennedy, G.C., and L. Knopoff, Dating by thermoluminescence (announce-

ment), Archaeology, 13, 147-148, 1960. [36] Kennedy, G.C., L. Knopoff and G. Higgins, Attempt to determine the antiq-

uity of ancient fired objects by examination of thermoluminescent glow curves (abstract), Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer., 71, 1903-1904, 1960.

1961

[37] Knopoff, L., and F. Gilbert, Diffraction of elastic waves by the core of the

earth, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 51, 35-39, 1961. [38] Gilbert, F., and L. Knopoff, The directivity problem for a buried line source,

Geophysics, 25, 626-634, 1961. [39] Knopoff, L., The inversion of surface wave dispersion, in La Propagation des

Ébranlements dans les Milieux Hétérogènes (Colloques Internationaux), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 45-65, 1961.

[40] Knopoff, L., Green’s function for eigenvalue problems and the inversion of

Love wave dispersion data, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 4, 161-173, 1961.

[41] Knopoff, L., Analytical calculation of the fault-plane problem, Publications of the Dominion Observatory (Ottawa), 24, 309-315, 1961.

[42] Knopoff, L., Statistical accuracy of the fault-plane problem, Publications of

the Dominion Observatory, (Ottawa), 24, 317-319, 1961. [43] Knopoff, L., and F. Press, A proposal for the study of the crustal and upper

mantle structure of the Western Mediterranean by surface wave dispersion, Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Réunions de la C.I.E.S.M.M., 16, 711-715, 1961.

[44] Knopoff, L., Book Review: Microstructure and Macrostructure of Elastic

Waves (Consultants Bureau, 1960) by B.N. Ivakin, Proc. Phys. Soc., London, 78, 323-324, 1961.

1962

[45] Knopoff, L., Higher order Born Approximations for the inversion of Love wave

dispersion, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 7, 149-157, 1962.

1963 [46] Knopoff, L., The theory of finite strain and compressibility of solids, J. Geo-

phys. Research, 68, 2929-2932, 1963. [47] Knopoff, L., An index for the relative quality among musical instruments,

Ethnomusicology, 7, 229-233, 1963. [48] Knopoff, L., Wave propagation, Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union, 33, 345-348,

1963. [49] Knopoff, L., and L.D. Porter, Attenuation of surface waves in a granular ma-

terial, J. Geophys. Research, 68, 6317-6321, 1963. [50] Knopoff, L., Solids: Equations of state of solids at moderately high pressures

in Physics and Chemistry of High Pressures, R.L. Bradley, ed. (New York: Academic Press, 1963) 227-245.

[51] Knopoff, L., Equations of state of matter at ultra-high pressures, in Physics

and Chemistry of High Pressures, R.L. Bradley, ed. (New York: Academic Press, 1963) 247-263.

1964

[52] Knopoff, L., The energy rate-depth function for earthquakes, Proc. Nat. Acad.

Sci., 51, 1-3, 1964. [53] Knopoff, L., A matrix method for elastic wave problems, Bull. Seismol. Soc.

Amer., 54, 431-438, 1964.

[54] Hudson, J.A., and L. Knopoff, Transmission and reflection of surface waves at a corner, 1: Love waves, J. Geophys. Res., 69, 275-280, 1964.

[55] Hudson, J.A., and L. Knopoff, Transmission and reflection of surface waves at a

corner, 2: Rayleigh waves, J. Geophys. Res., 69, 281-289, 1964. [56] Pilant, W.L., L. Knopoff and F. Schwab, Transmission and reflection of sur-

face waves at a corner, 3: Rayleigh waves (Theoretical), J. Geophys. Res., 69, 291-297, 1964.

[57] Knopoff, L., The convection current hypothesis, Revs. Geophys., 2, 89-122,

1964. [58] Pilant, W.L., and L. Knopoff, Observations of multiple seismic events, Bull.

Seismol. Soc. Amer., 54, 19-39, 1964. [59] Knopoff, L., and J.A. Hudson, Scattering of elastic waves by small inhomoge-

neities, J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 36, 471-476, 1964. [60] Ang, D.D., and L. Knopoff, Diffraction of scalar elastic waves by a clamped fi-

nite strip, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 51, 471-476, 1964. [61] Knopoff, L., and J.A. Hudson, Transmission of Love waves past a continental

margin, J. Geophys. Res., 69, 1649-1653, 1964. [62] Ang, D.D., and L. Knopoff, Diffraction of scalar elastic waves by a finite

crack, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 51, 593-598, 1964. [63] Knopoff, L., K. Aki, C.B. Archambeau, A. Ben-Menahem and J.A. Hudson,

Attenuation of dispersed waves, J. Geophys. Res., 69, 1655-1657, 1964. [64] Knopoff, L., An invariant form for the fusion equation, J. Geol., 72, 376-377,

1964. [65] Ang, D.D., and L. Knopoff, Diffraction of vector elastic waves by a clamped

finite strip, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 52, 201-207, 1964. [66] Ang, D.D., and L. Knopoff, Diffraction of vector elastic waves by a finite

crack, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci, 52, 1075-1081, 1964. [67] Knopoff, L., Q, Revs. Geophys., 2, 625-660, 1964. [68] Knopoff, L., Earth tides as a triggering mechanism for earthquakes, Bull. Seis-

mol. Soc. Amer., 54, 1865-1870, 1964. Also published as Appendix 27, in Proc. First U.S.-Japan Conference on

Earthquake Prediction, 61-66, 1964.

[69] Knopoff, L., The statistics of earthquakes in Southern California, Bull. Seis-mol. Soc. Amer., 54, 1871-1873, 1964.

Also published as Appendix 28, in Proc. First U.S.-Japan Conference on

Earthquake Prediction, 66-70, 1964. [70] Burridge, R., and L. Knopoff, Body force equivalents for seismic dislocations,

Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 54, 1875-1888, 1964. Reprinted in Seismol. Res. Lett., 74, 154-162, 2003. [71] Burridge, R., E.R. Lapwood and L. Knopoff, First motions from seismic sources

near a free surface, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 54, 1889-1913, 1964.

1965 [72] Knopoff, L., Attenuation of elastic waves in the earth, Chapter 7 in Physical

Acoustics, Vol. 3B, W.P. Mason, ed. (Academic Press, 1965), 287-324. Also published in Russian as Fizicheskaya Akustika, (Mir Publ., Moscow,

1968). [73] Knopoff, L., Some technological advances in musicological analysis, Studia

Mu-sicologica, 7, 301-307, 1965. [74] Knopoff, L., and T.L. Teng, Analytical calculation of the seismic travel time

problem, Revs. Geophys., 3, 11-24, 1965. [75] Knopoff, L., Approximate compressibility of elements and compounds, Phys.

Rev., 138, A1445-A1447, 1965. [76] Mal, A.K., and L. Knopoff, Transmission of Rayleigh waves past a step change

in elevation, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 55, 319-334, 1965. [77] Knopoff, L., The International Upper Mantle Project, Monograph No. 29, Un-

ion Géodésique et Géophysique Internationale, 80-82, 1965. Also published in Proc. Eighth Assembly, European Seismological Comm., Bu-

dapest, 1964 (Ed. E. Bisztricsány) Akad. Kiadó, Budapest, 144-145, 1968.

1966 [78] Knopoff, L., A progress report on an experiment in musical synthesis, Selected

Reports, UCLA Institute of Ethnomusicology, 1, No. 1, 49-60, 1966. [79] Schneider, G., S. Müller and L. Knopoff, Gruppengeschwindigkeitsmessungen

an kurzperiodischen Oberflachenwellen in Mitteleuropa, Zs. f. Geophysik, 32, 33-57, 1966.

[80] Hudson, J.A., and L. Knopoff, The nature of seismic noise, Proc. Roy. Soc.

(London), 290A, 290-296, 1966.

[81] Knopoff, L., S. Müller and W.L. Pilant, Structure of the crust and upper man-tle in the Alps from the phase velocity of Rayleigh waves, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 56, 1009-1044, 1966.

[82] Knopoff, L., and W.L. Pilant, A proposal for a seismological study of the Gulf

of California, Geofis. Internac., 6, 1-21, 1966. [83] Knopoff, L., and J. Belshe, Gravity observations of the Dead Sea Rift, Geol.

Survey of Canada, Special Paper 66-14, 5-21, 1966. [84] Knopoff, L., Book Review: Advances in Earth Science (MIT Press), P. Hurley,

ed., J. Franklin Inst., 282, 342-343, 1966. [85] Burridge, R., and L. Knopoff, The effect of initial stress or residual stress on elas-

tic energy calculations, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 56, 421-424, 1966. [86] Mal, A.K., and L. Knopoff, Transmission of Rayleigh waves at a corner, Bull.

Seismol. Soc. Amer., 56, 455-466, 1966. [87] Seidl, D., and S. Müller and L. Knopoff, Dispersion von Rayleigh-Wellen in Sud-

westdeutschland und in den Alpen, Zs. f. Geophysik, 32, 472-481, 1966. [88] Hudson, J.A., and L. Knopoff, Signal generated seismic noise, Geophys. J.

Roy. Astron. Soc., 11, 19-24, 1966.

1967 [89] Knopoff, L., Density velocity relations for rocks, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron.

Soc., 13, 1-8, 1967. [90] Hudson, J.A., and L. Knopoff, Statistical properties of Rayleigh waves due to

scattering by topography, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 57, 83-90, 1967. [91] Knopoff, L., “Seismology”: article in Encyclopedia Brittanica, 1967 edition, vol.

20, 174-176. [92] Burridge, R., and L. Knopoff, Model and theoretical seismicity, Bull. Seismol.

Soc. Amer., 57, 341-371, 1967. [93] Knopoff, L., Radiation from seismic surface and interior sources, Proc. VE-

SIAC Conf. on Current status and future prognosis for understanding the source mechanism of shallow seismic events in the 3 to 5 magnitude range, (University of Michigan), 109-123, 1967.

[94] Knopoff, L., and J.A. Hudson, Frequency dependence of amplitudes of scat-

tered elastic waves, J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 42, 18-20, 1967. [95] Knopoff, L., and A.K. Mal, Phase velocity of surface waves in the transition

zone of continental margins, J. Geophys. Research, 72, 1769-1776, 1967.

[96] Knopoff, L., Thermal convection in Earth’s mantle, in The Earth’s Mantle, T. Gaskell, ed., (Academic Press) Chapter 8, 171-196, 1967.

[97] Knopoff, L., M.J. Berry and F.A. Schwab, Tripartite phase velocity observa-

tions in laterally heterogeneous regions, J. Geophys. Research, 72, 2595-2601, 1967.

[98] Berry, M.J., and L. Knopoff, Structure of the upper mantle under the Western

Mediterranean Basin, J. Geophys. Research, 72, 3613-3626, 1967. [99] Knopoff, L., Response to a message from President Lyndon B. Johnson on the

U.S. Upper Mantle Project, Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union, 48, 311-312, 1967. [100] Knopoff, L., Upper Mantle Project, Phase III, 1968-1970, Trans. Amer. Geo-

phys. Union, 48, 757-758, 1967. [101] Knopoff, L., On convection in the Upper Mantle, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron.

Soc., 14, 341-346, 1967. [102] Mal, A.K., and L. Knopoff, Elastic wave velocities in two-component systems,

J. Insts. of Math. and its Applics., 3, 376-387, 1967. [103] Knopoff, L., The composition of the core of the Earth, in International Dictionary

of Geophysics, S.K. Runcorn, ed., (Pergamon Press, 1967) 293-296. [104] Knopoff, L., Seismology and the theory of generation of disturbances in an elas-

tic medium, in International Dictionary of Geophysics, S.K. Runcorn, ed., (Pergamon Press, 1967) 1401-1404.

[105] Berry, M.J., L. Knopoff and S. Müller, The low velocity layer in the Upper Mantle

under the Western Mediterranean Sea from phase velocity of Rayleigh waves, Proc. European Seismological Commission, 1966, 209-211, 1967.

1968

[106] Mal, A.K., and D.D. Ang and L. Knopoff, Diffraction of elastic waves by a rigid

circular disc, Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc., 64, 237-247, 1968. [107] Mal, A.K., and L. Knopoff, A differential equation for surface waves in layers with

varying thickness, J. Math. Anal. and Applics., 21, 431-434, 1968. [108] Knopoff, L., and F.A. Schwab, Apparent initial phase of a source of Rayleigh

waves, J. Geophys. Research, 73, 755-760, 1968. [109] King, C.-Y., and L. Knopoff, Model Seismicity: Rupture parameters, stress and

energy relations, J. Geophys. Research, 73, 1399-1406, 1968. [110] King, C.-Y., and L. Knopoff, Stress drop in earthquakes, Bull. Seismol. Soc.

Amer., 58, 249-257, 1968. [111] Knopoff, L., Book Review: Advances in Geophysics, Vol. 12, 1967, Geophysics,

33, 1023-1024, 1968.

[112] Nyland, E., and L. Knopoff, A compiler for algebraic manipulations with appli-cations to geophysics, J. Phys. of the Earth (Tokyo), 16, Special Issue, 43-50, 1968.

[113] Knopoff, L., C.L. Drake and P.J. Hart, editors, The Crust and Upper Mantle of

the Pacific Area, Geophysical Monograph No. 12, American Geophysical Union, xi+522 pp, 1968.

[114] Knopoff, L., A quadratic procedure for maximization of a function of many

variables, Nuovo Cimento, Supplemento, 6, 120-123, 1968. [115] Knopoff, L., Book Review: The Heart of the Earth, by O. Phillips, (Freeman,

Cooper & Co., 1968) Geotimes, 13, No. 10, 31,33 (Dec. 1968). [116] Knopoff, L., Book Review: Methods and Techniques in Geophysics, Vol. II,

S.K. Runcorn, Ed., (Interscience Publs.) Geophysics, 32, 526-527, 1968. [117] Knopoff, L., Pan-American Symposium on the Upper Mantle, Trans. Amer.

Geophys. Union, 49, 555-556, 1968.

1969 [118] King, C.-Y., and L. Knopoff, A magnitude energy relation for large earth-

quakes, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 59, 269-273, 1969. [119] Shapiro, J.N., and L. Knopoff, The reduction of shock wave equations of state to

isothermal equations of state, J. Geophys. Research, 74, 1435-1438, 1969. [120] Knopoff, L., and J.N. Shapiro, Comments on the interrelationships between

Grüneisen’s Parameter and shock and isothermal equations of state, J. Geo-phys. Research, 74, 1439-1450, 1969.

[121] Knopoff, L., Phase and group slownesses in inhomogeneous media, J. Geophys.

Research, 74, 1701, 1969. [122] Knopoff, L., The upper mantle of the earth, Science, 163, 1277-1287, 1969. Also

appeared in Geological Newsletter, 1970, 55-78. 1970. [123] Knopoff, L., C.-Y. King and R. Burridge, A physical basis for earthquake sta-

tistics, Publications of the Dominion Observatory (Ottawa), 37, 224-234, 1969. [124] Knopoff, L., Attenuation of seismic waves in the mantle, in The Earth’s Crust

and Upper Mantle, Geophysical Monograph No. 13, Amer. Geophys. Union, P.J. Hart, Ed., 273-276, 1969.

[125] Knopoff, L., Continental drift and convection, in The Earth’s Crust and Upper

Mantle, Geophysical Monograph No. 13, Amer. Geophys. Union, P.J. Hart, Ed., 683-689, 1969.

Also appeared in Geological Newsletter, 1970, 79-85, 1970.

[126] Knopoff, L., Elastic wave propagation in a wedge, in Wave Propagation in Sol-ids, J. Miklowitz, ed., Amer. Soc. Mech. Engineers, 3-43, 1969.

[127] Knopoff, L., Book Review: The Acoustical Foundations of Music, by J. Backus,

(Norton & Co.), Science, 165, 784-785, 1969. [128] Knopoff, L., Book Review: Mathematical Aspects of Seismology, by M. Båth (El-

sevier Publ. Co.) Earth-Science Reviews/Atlas, 5, A146, A148, 1969. [129] Berry, M.J., L. Knopoff and S. Müller, The low-velocity channel of the upper

mantle under the Mediterranean Basin, Rapp. Comm. int. Mer Médit., 19, 669-670, 1969.

[130] Knopoff, L., and J.K. Gardner, Homogeneous catalogs of earthquakes, Proc.

Nat. Acad. Sciences, 63, 1051-1054, 1969. [131] Knopoff, L., F.A. Schwab and J.W. Schlue, The dispersion of Rayleigh waves south

of the Gulf of California, Geofisica Internacional, 9, 39-52, 1969. [132] Knopoff, L., B.C. Heezen and G.J.F. MacDonald, editors, The World Rift Sys-

tem, Tectonophysics, 8, Nos. 4-6, 1969.

1970 [133] Knopoff, L., A.K. Mal, L.E. Alsop and R.A. Phinney, A property of long-period

Love waves, J. Geophys. Research, 75, 4084-4086, 1970. [134] Knopoff, L., Problems of continental rift structures, in Graben Problems, St.

Müller and J.H. Illies, Eds., Schweizerbart’sche Verlags., Stuttgart, 1-4, 1970. [135] Knopoff, L., Developments in seismology and georheology, in The Megatecton-

ics of Continents and Oceans, H. Johnson and B.L. Smith, eds., Rutgers Univ. Press., 113-146, 1970.

[136] Knopoff, L., and J.N. Shapiro, Pseudo-Gruneisen parameter for liquids, Phys.

Rev., B1, 3893-3895, 1970. [137] Shapiro, J.N., and L. Knopoff, Grüneisen parameter for Born-von Kármán lat-

tices, Phys. Rev., B1, 3990-3992, 1970. [138] Schwab, F., and L. Knopoff, Surface-wave dispersion computations, Bull. Seis-

mol. Soc. Amer., 60, 321-344, 1970. [139] Pilant, W.L., and L. Knopoff, Inversion of phase and group slowness dispersion,

J. Geophys. Research, 75, 2135-2136, 1970. [140] Biswas, N.N., and L. Knopoff, Exact earth-flattening calculation for Love

waves, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 60, 1123-1137, 1970. [141] Knopoff, L., and M.J. Randall, The compensated linear vector dipole: A pos-

sible mechanism for deep earthquakes, J. Geophys. Res., 75, 4957-4963, 1970.

[142] Randall, M.J., and L. Knopoff, The mechanism at the focus of deep earth-quakes, J. Geophys. Res., 75, 4965-4976, 1970.

[143] Knopoff, L., Citation of D.T. Griggs as W.H. Bucher Medalist, EOS Trans.

Amer. Geophys. Union, 51, 572-573, 1970. [144] Knopoff, L., J.W. Schlue and F.A. Schwab, Phase velocities of Rayleigh waves

across the East Pacific Rise, Tectonophysics, 10, 321-334, 1970. [145] Knopoff, L., Models of continental drift, Phys. Earth and Planet. Interiors, 2,

386-392, 1970. [146] Knopoff, L., Book Review: Physics of the Earth, by F.D. Stacey (John Wiley

and Sons, 1969), Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 60, 1397, 1970. [147] Knopoff, L., Correlation of earthquakes with lunar orbital motions, The Moon,

2, 140-143, 1970.

1971 [148] Knopoff, L., A stochastic model for the occurrence of main-sequence earth-

quakes, Revs. Geophys., 9, 175-188, 1971. [149] Schwab, F., and L. Knopoff, Surface waves on multilayered anelastic media,

Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 61, 893-912, 1971. [150] Knopoff, L., An aversion to inversion, in Mantle and Core in Planetary Physics, J.

Coulomb and M. Caputo, eds. 134-145 (Academic Press, 1971). [151] Knopoff, L., Attenuation, in Mantle and Core in Planetary Physics, J. Coulomb

and M. Caputo, eds. (Academic Press, 1971) 146-156. [152] Knopoff, L., Rheological properties of the deep interior, in Mantle and Core in

Planetary Physics, J. Coulomb and M. Caputo, eds. (Academic Press, 1971) 194-199.

[153] Knopoff, L., O.L. Anderson, C. Burk, A. Cox, C.L. Drake, J. Goldsmith, J.

Maxwell, F. Press, E. Shoemaker, and T. van Andel, Geodynamics Project: De-velopment of a U.S. Program, EOS, Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union, 52, 396-405, 1971.

Also published by Geophysics Research Board, National Academy of Sciences,

March, 1971. [154] Knopoff, L., Book Review: Physik der festen Erde, by L. Egyed, (Akadémiai

Kiadó, Budapest, 1969) EOS, Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union, 52, 16-17, 1971.

1972 [155] Knopoff, L., and J.N. Shapiro, The melting of metals, in The Nature of the

Solid Earth, E.C. Robertson, J.F. Hayes and L. Knopoff, eds., McGraw-Hill, N.Y. 614-630, 1972.

[156] Robertson, E.C., J.F. Hayes and L. Knopoff, editors, The Nature of the Solid

Earth, McGraw-Hill Book Co., N.Y., 1972, xiv+677 pp. [157] Knopoff, L., and A.R. Leeds, Lithospheric momenta and the deceleration of the

earth, Nature, 237, 93-95, 1972. [158] Knopoff, L., K.A. Poehls and R.C. Smith, Drift of continental rafts with

asymmetric heating, Science, 176, 1023-1024, 1972. [159] Knopoff, L., and J.K. Gardner, Higher seismic activity during local night on the

raw worldwide earthquake catalog, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 28, 311-313, 1972.

[160] Schwab, F.A., and L. Knopoff, Fast surface wave and free mode computations,

in Methods in Computational Physics, vol. 11, B.A. Bolt, B. Alder and S. Fern-bach, eds., Academic Press, New York, 87-180, 1972.

[161] Knopoff, L., and D.D. Jackson, The analysis of underdetermined and over-

determined systems, in The Dynamic Response of Structures (G. Herrmann, ed.) Pergamon Press, 289-305, 1972.

[162] Knopoff, L., Observation and inversion of surface-wave dispersion, in The Up-

per Mantle, A.R. Ritsema, ed., Tectonophysics, 13, 497-519, 1972. [163] Knopoff, L., and J.W. Schlue, Rayleigh wave phase velocities for the path Ad-

dis Ababa-Nairobi, Tectonophysics, 15, 157-163, 1972. [164] Knopoff, L., R. Mitchel and D.D. Jackson, A stochastic analysis of a model

earthquake sequence, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 29, 255-261, 1972. [165] Leeds, A.R., and L. Knopoff, Surface wave dispersion in the Andes, Symp. on

the Results of Upper Mantle Investigations with Special Emphasis on Latin America, Buenos Aires, October, 1970, 2, 205-210, 1972.

[166] Ang, D.D., and L. Knopoff, A note on L1-approximations by exponential poly-

nomials and Laguerre exponential polynomials, J. Approx. Theory, 6, 272-275, 1972.

[167] Knopoff, L., Model for aftershock occurrence, in Flow and Fracture of Rocks,

Amer. Geophys. Union Monograph 16, H.C. Heard, ed. 259-263, 1972. [168] Panza, G.F., F.A. Schwab and L. Knopoff, Channel and crustal Rayleigh

waves, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 30, 273-280, 1972.

[169] Beloussov, V.V, L.R.A. Capurro, J.M. Harrison, L. Knopoff, A.E. Ringwood, S.K. Runcorn and K. Wadati, Significance and achievements of the Upper Mantle Project, Geotimes, 18, No. 4, 18-19, 1973.

Also appeared in Tectonophysics, 13, 1-5, 1972.

Also appeared in The Upper Mantle (A.R. Ritsema, K. Aki, P.J. Hart and L. Knopoff, eds.), Elsevier Publ. Co., Amsterdam, 1-5, 1972.

Also appeared in ICSU Bulletin No. 27, Sept. 1972, 3-7. [170] Ritsema, A.R., ed., K. Aki, P.J. Hart and L. Knopoff, assoc. editors, The Upper

Mantle, Elsevier Publishing Co., Amsterdam; xii+644 pp., 1972. Also appeared as Tectonophysics, 13, 1-644, 1972. [171] Seidl, D., S. Müller, M. Caputo, G.F. Panza, and L. Knopoff, The structure of

the crust and upper mantle under the Mediterranean Basin from Rayleigh wave dispersion, Rapp. Comm. Mer Medit., 21, 37-38, 1972.

1973

[172] Schwab, F., and L. Knopoff, Love waves and the torsional free oscillations of a

multi-layered anelastic sphere, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 63, 1107-1117, 1973. [173] Knopoff, L., F. Schwab and E.G. Kausel, Interpretation of Lg, Geophys. J.

Roy. Astron., Soc., 33, 387-402, 1973. [174] Knopoff, L., J.O. Mouton and R. Burridge,The dynamics of a one-dimensional

fault in the presence of friction, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 35, 169-184, 1973.

[175] Panza, G.F., F.A. Schwab and L. Knopoff, Multimode surface waves for se-

lected fault mechanisms, Part I. Dip-slip sources on a vertical fault plane, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 34, 265-278, 1973.

[176] Knopoff, L., Book Review: Geophysical Journal, Royal Astronomical Society, 25,

1971, pp. 1-305, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 63, 1499-1500, 1973. [177] Garbin, H.D., and L. Knopoff, Compressional modulus of a material permeated

by a random distribution of circular cracks, Quart. J. Appl. Math., 30, 453-464, 1973.

1974

[178] Biswas, N.N., and L. Knopoff, Structure of the upper mantle under the United

States from the dispersion of Rayleigh Waves, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 36, 515-539, 1974.

[179] Schwab, F., E. Kausel, and L. Knopoff, Interpretation of Sa for a shield struc-

ture, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 36, 737-742, 1974.

[180] Knopoff, L., Das Lied von der Erde, musical composition in two movements: 1. Kern County 2. M > 7 First performed in its entirety at Concert Kohoutek, Yale University, January,

1974. [181] Vane, G., and L. Knopoff, Antarctic seismological studies, Antarctic J., 8, 256-

257, 1973. [182] Knopoff, L., Book Review: Geodynamic Models, by R.W. van Bemmelen (El-

sevier Publ. Co.) Marine Geology, 16, 107-109, 1974. [183] Kausel, E.G., A.R. Leeds and L. Knopoff, Variations of Rayleigh wave phase

velocities across the Pacific Ocean, Science, 186, 139-141, 1974. [184] Leeds, A.R., L. Knopoff and E.G. Kausel, Variations of upper mantle structure

under the Pacific Ocean, Science, 186, 141-143, 1974. [185] Gardner, J.K., and L. Knopoff, Is the sequence of earthquakes in Southern Cali-

fornia, with aftershocks removed, Poissonian?, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 64, 1363-1367, 1974.

[186] Knopoff, L., Geophysical constraints on geodynamical models, a summary, in Plate

Tectonics: Assessments and Reassessments, (C.F. Kahle, ed.), Amer. Assn. of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir 23, 409-410, 1974.

[187] Knopoff, L., F. Schwab, K. Nakanishi and F. Chang, Evaluation of Lg as a dis-

criminant among different continental crustal structures, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 39, 41-70, 1974.

1975

[188] Griggs, D.T., D.D. Jackson, L. Knopoff and R.L. Shreve, Earthquake Predic-

tion: Modeling the anomalous Vp/Vs source region, Science, 187, 537-540, 1975. [189] Knopoff, L., and A.A. Fouda, Upper mantle under the Arabian Peninsula,

Tectonophysics, 26, 121-134, 1975. [190] Garbin, H.D., and L. Knopoff, The shear modulus of a material permeated by a

random distribution of free circular cracks, Quart. J. Appl. Math., 33, 296-300, 1975.

[191] Garbin, H.D., and L. Knopoff, Elastic moduli of a medium with liquid filled

cracks, Quart. J. Appl. Math., 33, 301-303, 1975. [192] Panza, G.F., F. Schwab and L. Knopoff, Multimode surface waves for selected

focal mechanisms, Part II. Dip-slip sources, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron Soc., 42, 931-943, 1975.

[193] Panza, G.F., F. Schwab and L. Knopoff, Multimode surface waves for selected focal mechanisms, Part III. Strike-slip sources, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 42, 945-955, 1975.

[194] Knopoff, L., and J.O. Mouton, Can one determine seismic focal parameters from

the far-field radiation? Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 42, 591-606, 1975. [195] Press, F., M. Bullock, R.M. Hamilton, W.F. Brace, C. Kisslinger, M.G. Bonilla,

C.R. Allen, L.R. Sykes, C.B. Raleigh, L. Knopoff, R.W. Clough and R. Hof-heinz, Jr., Earthquake research in China, Trans. Amer. Geophysical Union (EOS), 55, 838-881, 1975.

[196] Kagan, Y.Y., and L. Knopoff, Do epicentres migrate on the San Andreas

Fault?, Nature, 257, 160, 1975.

1976 [197] Bukowinski, M., and L. Knopoff, Electronic transition in iron and the proper-

ties of the core, in The Physics and Chemistry of Minerals and Rocks, R.G.J. Strens, Ed. (John Wiley, 1976) 491-508.

[198] Bukowinski, M.S.T., and L. Knopoff, Electronic structure of iron and models of

the earth’s core, Geophys. Res. Letters, 3, 45-48, 1976. [199] Gelfand, I.M., Sh. A. Guberman, V.I. Keilis-Borok, L. Knopoff, F. Press, E. Ya.

Ransman, I.M. Rotwein and A.M. Sadovsky, Pattern recognition applied to earthquake epicenters in California, Phys. Earth and Planet. Interiors, 11, 227-283, 1976.

Also published (translated into Russian) in Computational Seismology, 9, 3-91,

1976. Also appeared (translated into Russian) in Sbornik, Sovyetsko-Amyerikanskikh

Rabot po Prognozu Zemlyetryaseniyi, 1, book 2, 73-171, 1976. [200] Smith, R.C., and L. Knopoff, Theory of the drift of asymmetrically heated litho-

spheric plates, Physics Earth and Planetary Interiors, 11, 299-311, 1976. [201] Knopoff, L., Book Review: Earth’s Core by J.A. Jacobs (Academic Press) Sci-

ence, 193, 311, 1976. [202] Schlue, J.W., and L. Knopoff, Shear wave anisotropy in the upper mantle of

the Pacific Basin, Geophys. Res. Letters, 3, 359-362, 1976. [203] Allen, C.R., W. Edwards, W.J. Hall, L. Knopoff, C.B. Raleigh, C.H. Savit, L.R.

Sykes, M.N. Toksoz, R.H. Turner, Predicting Earthquakes: A scientific and technical evaluation with implications for society, National Academy of Sci-ences, 1976, 62 pp.

[204] Kagan, Y., and L. Knopoff, Statistical search for non-random features of the seismicity of strong earthquakes, Phys. Earth and Planet. Interiors, 12, 291-318, 1976.

[205] Nakanishi, K.K., L. Knopoff and L.B. Slichter, Observation of Rayleigh wave dis-

persion at very long periods, J. Geophys. Research, 81, 4417-4421, 1976. [206] Knopoff, L., Book Review: Earthquake Prediction by T. Rikitake (Elsevier

Publ. Co., 1976), Nature, 263, 355, 1976. [207] Caputo, M., L. Knopoff, E. Mantovani, S. Müller and G.F. Panza, Rayleigh

wave phase velocities and upper mantle structure in the Apennines, Annali di Geofisica, 29, 199-214, 1976.

[208] Ernst, W.G., D.T. Griggs, L. Knopoff and L.B.Slichter, University of Califor-

nia: In Memoriam, William Walden Rubey, 1976. [208] Holzer, R.E., L.Knopoff, and L.B.Slichter, University of California: In Memor-

iam, Clarence E. Palmer, 1976.

1977 [210] Prozorov, A., M. Shimshoni and L. Knopoff, Magnitude studies from ultra-long

period records, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 48, 404-414, 1977. [211] Knopoff, L., and G.F. Panza, Resolution of upper mantle structure using higher

mode Rayleigh waves, Annali di Geofisica, 30, 491-505, 1977. [212] Nakanishi, K., F. Schwab and L. Knopoff, Generation of complete theoretical

seismograms for SH, Part I., Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 48, 525-530, 1977. [213] Mantovani, E., F. Schwab, H. Liao and L. Knopoff, Generation of complete

theoretical seismograms for SH, Part II. Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 48, 531-536, 1977.

[214] Kagan, Y., and L. Knopoff, Earthquake risk prediction as a stochastic process,

Phys. Earth and Planet. Interiors, 14, 97-108, 1977. [215] Schlue, J.W., and L. Knopoff, Shear wave polarization anisotropy in the Pacific

basin, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 49, 145-165, 1977. [216] Knopoff, L., and F.-S. Chang, The inversion of surface wave dispersion data

with random errors, J. of Geophysics, 43, 299-309, 1977. [217] Knopoff, L., Relative errors in group velocity measurements, J. of Geophysics,

43, 509-510, 1977. [218] Knopoff, L., and W. Hutchinson, A hypothesis regarding the perception of mu-

sical duration, in Essays for a Humanist, an offering to Klaus Wachsmann (Town House Press, 1977), 146-161.

[219] Bukowinski, M.S.T., and L. Knopoff, Physics and chemistry of iron and potas-sium at lower-mantle and core pressures, in High Pressure Research, M.H. Manghnani and S. Akimoto, Eds., (Academic Press , 1977), 367-387.

[220] Knopoff, L., and J.O. Mouton, Earthquake sources, in Modern Modeling of

Continuum Phenomena, R.C. DiPrima, ed., Vol. 16 of Lectures in Applied Mathematics, (American Mathematical Society, Providence, 1977), pp. 221-251.

[221] Knopoff, L., and Y. Kagan, Analysis of the theory of extremes as applied to

earthquake problems, J. Geophys. Res., 82, 5647-5657, 1977. [222] Mantovani, E., F. Schwab, H. Liao and L. Knopoff, Teleseismic Sn: A guided wave

in the mantle, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 51, 709-726, 1977.

1978 [223] Knopoff, L., Book Review: The Earth’s Density by K.E. Bullen (Halstead Press,

1976), EOS, Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union, 59, 198,201, 1978. [224] Chatterjee, A.K., A.K. Mal and L. Knopoff, Elastic moduli of two-component

systems, J. Geophys. Res., 83, 1785-1792, 1978. [225] Hutchinson, W., and L. Knopoff, The acoustic component of western conso-

nance, Interface, 7, 1-29, 1978 [226] Schlue, J.W., and L. Knopoff, Inversion of surface wave phase velocities for an ani-

sotropic structure, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 54, 697-702, 1978. [227] Kagan, Y., and L. Knopoff, Statistical study of the occurrence of shallow earth-

quakes, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 55, 67-86, 1978. [228] Knopoff, L., and G. Vane, Age of East Antarctica from surface wave dispersion,

Pure and Applied Geophysics, 117, 806-815, 1978/79. [229] Knopoff, L., R.L. Countryman, P.A. Rydelek, W.D. Smythe, T. Yogi and W.

Zürn, Free oscillations of the earth and tilt at the South Pole, Antarctic Jour-nal, 13, 41-43, 1978.

[230] Knopoff, L., and W. Hutchinson, An index of melodic activity, Interface, 7,

205-229, 1978. [231] Fuchs, K., Presentation of the Emil-Wiechert-Medal (by Karl Fuchs) to Leon

Knopoff, Los Angeles, on March 7, 1978 at Muenster, J. of Geophys., 44, 567-568, 1978.

1979

[232] Knopoff, L., R.G. Mitchel, E.G. Kausel and F. Schwab, A search for the oce-

anic Lg phase, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 56, 211-218, 1979.

[233] Knopoff, L., R.E. Holzer and C.F. Kennel. Memorial to Louis B. Slichter, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 69, 655-657, 1979.

Also published in Quart J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 21, 67-69, 1980. Also published in Geol. Soc. Amer. Memorial, 10, 1980. [234] Chatterjee, A.K., A.K. Mal and L. Knopoff, Reply to a criticism by Budiansky

and O’Connell, J. Geophys. Res., 84, 5689-5690, 1979. [235] Knopoff, L., Statistics vs. case histories: the example of the Oaxaca Earthquake

of November 29, 1978, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute Newsletter, 13, No. 3, 1-8, 1979.

[236] Calcagnile, G., and G.F. Panza and L. Knopoff, Upper mantle structure of

North-Central Italy from the dispersion of Rayleigh waves, Tectonophysics, 56, 51-63, 1979.

[237] Slichter, L.B., W. Zürn, E. Syrstad, L. Knopoff, W.D. Smythe and H. Uffel-

man, Long-period gravity tides at the South Pole, J. Geophys. Res., 84, 6207-6212, 1979.

[238] Hutchinson, W., and L. Knopoff, The significance of the acoustic component of

consonance of Western triads, J. Musicological Res., 3, 5-22, 1979. [239] Knopoff, L., W. Zürn, P.A. Rydelek and T. Yogi, Q of mode 0S0, J. of Geo-

phys., 46, 89-95, 1979. [240] Ernst, W.G., L. Knopoff and A. Boettcher, University of California: In Memo-

riam, George Clayton Kennedy, 1979.

1980 [241] Keilis-Borok, V.I., L. Knopoff and I.M. Rotvain, Bursts of aftershocks, long-

term precursors of strong earthquakes, Nature, 283, 259-263, 1980. Also published in Russian as Long-term premonitory seismicity patterns in

California-Sierra Nevada, New Zealand, Japan and Alaska, Computational Seis-mology, 13, 3-11, 1980.

Also published in Earthquake Prediction: Proc. Intl. Symp. on Earthquake Pre-

diction, 1979 (Unesco Press, Paris, 1984) pp. 47-60. [242] Keilis-Borok, V.I., L. Knopoff, I.M. Rotvain and T.M. Sidorenko, Bursts of seis-

micity as long-term precursors of strong earthquakes, J. Geophys. Res., 85, 803-811, 1980.

[243] Keilis-Borok, V.I., L. Knopoff, and C.R. Allen, Long-term premonitory seismic-ity patterns in Tibet and the Himalayas, J. Geophys. Research, 85, 813-820, 1980.

Also published (translated into Russian) as Long-term premonitory seismicity

patterns in Tibet-Himalaya, Computational Seismology, 13, 12-19, 1980. [244] Kagan, Y.Y., and L. Knopoff, Spatial distribution of earthquakes: the two-point

correlation function, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 62, 303-320, 1980. [245] Knopoff, L., and P.A. Rydelek, Observations of sidereal motions of the earth’s

surface, Revs. of Geophys. and Space Phys., 18, 723-724, 1980. [246] Zürn, W., L. Knopoff and P.A. Rydelek, High precision measurement of the fre-

quency of mode 0S0, J. of Geophys., 48, 158-160, 1980. [247] Kagan, Y.Y., and L. Knopoff, Dependence of seismicity on depth, Bull. Seismol.

Soc. Amer., 70, 1811-1822, 1980. [248] Hill, T.G., and L. Knopoff, Propagation of shock waves in one-dimensional lat-

tices, J. Geophys. Res., 85, 7025-7030, 1980. [249] Chatterjee, A.K., A.K. Mal, L. Knopoff and J.A. Hudson, Attenuation of elastic

waves in a cracked, fluid-saturated solid, Math. Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc., 88, 547-561, 1980.

[250] Morris, C.E., L. Knopoff, P.A. Rydelek and W.D. Smythe, Observations of free

modes, tides and tilts at Amundsen-Scott Station, Antarct. J., 15, 1-2, 1980. [251] Berger, C.R., L. Knopoff and W.G. MacMillan, University of California: In

Memoriam, Willard Frank Libby, 1980.

1981 [252] Seaton, M.J., Address of the President (Professor M.J. Seaton) on the presenta-

tion of the Gold Medal to Professor Leon Knopoff at the Society’s apartments on Friday 1980 September 5, Q. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 22, 1-2, 1981.

[253] Landoni, J.A., and L. Knopoff, Dynamics of a one-dimensional crack with vari-

able friction, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 64, 151-161, 1981. [254] Kagan, Y.Y., and L. Knopoff, Stochastic synthesis of earthquake catalogs, J.

Geophys. Res., 86, 2853-2862, 1981. [255] Knopoff, L., and W. Hutchinson, Information theory for musical continua, J.

Music Theory, 235, 17-44, 1981. [256] Knopoff, L., The nature of the earthquake source, in Identification of Seismic

Sources – Earthquake or Underground Explosion, E.S. Husebye and S. Myk-keltveit, eds. (D. Reidel Publ. Co., Dordrecht), pp. 49-69, 1981.

[257] Knopoff, L., and F.-S. Chang, Upper mantle structure under the Tibetan Pla-teau, in Geological and Ecological Studies of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, (Science Press, Beijing, 1981), pp. 627-632.

[258] Rydelek, P.A., L. Knopoff and W. Zürn, 18.6-year modulation tide at the South

Pole, Antarctic J., 16, No. 5, 57-58, 1981.

1982 [259] Knopoff, L., and A.K. Chatterjee, Unilateral extension of a two-dimensional

shear crack under the influence of cohesive forces, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 68, 7-25, 1982.

[260] Rydelek, P.A., and L. Knopoff, Long-period lunar tides at the South Pole, J.

Geophys. Research, 87, 3969-3973, 1982. [261] Panza, G.F., St. Müller, G. Calcagnile and L. Knopoff, Delineation of the North

Central Italian upper mantle anomaly, Nature, 296, 238-239, 1982. [262] Wielandt, E., and L. Knopoff, Dispersion of very long-period Rayleigh waves

along the East Pacific Rise: evidence for S wave velocity anomalies to 450-km depth, J. Geophys. Research, 87, 8631-8641, 1982.

[263] Knopoff, L., and E. Wielandt, Structure of the upper mantle under the East

Pacific Rise, Antarctic J., 17, 46-48, 1982. [264] Knopoff, L., Y.Y. Kagan and R. Knopoff, b values for foreshocks and after-

shocks in real and simulated earthquake sequences, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 72, 1663-1676, 1982.

[265] Newman, W.I., and L. Knopoff, Crack fusion dynamics: A model for large

earthquakes, Geophys. Res. Letts., 9, 735-738, 1982. [266] Rydelek, P.A., L. Knopoff and W. Zürn, Observation of 18.6-year modulation tide

at the South Pole, J. Geophys. Research, 87, 5535-5537, 1982.

1983 [267] Chatterjee, A.K., and L. Knopoff, Bilateral propagation of a spontaneous two-

dimensional anti-plane shear crack under the influence of cohesion, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 73, 449-473, 1983.

[268] Newman, W.I., and L. Knopoff, A model for repetitive cycles of large earth-

quakes, Geophys. Research Letts., 10, 305-308, 1983. [269] Knopoff, L., and W.I. Newman, Crack fusion as a model for repetitive seismic-

ity, Pure Appl. Geophys., 121, 495-510, 1983. [270] Xu Guoming, L. Knopoff and W. Zürn, Variations of period and Q of free oscil-

lations due to mode overlap, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 72, 709-719, 1983.

[271] Knopoff, L., and W. Hutchinson, Entropy as a measure of style: the influence of sample length, J. Music Theory, 27, 75-98, 1983.

[272] Knopoff, L., Seismicity at Mammoth Lakes, Nature, 303, 576, 1983. [273] Rydelek, P.A., and L. Knopoff, Long-period solar tides at the South Pole, Ant-

arctic J., 18, 59-60, 1983. [274] Rydelek, P.A., and L. Knopoff, Analysis of South Pole tidal data, in Proc.

Ninth Intl. Symp. on Earth Tides, J.T. Kuo, ed., (E. Schweizerbart’sche Ver-lagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, 1983) 555-560.

[275] Kilston, S., and L. Knopoff, Lunar-solar periodicities of large earthquakes in

Southern California, Nature, 304, 21-25, 1983. Also published in Recent Developments in World Seismology, April, 1984 (no.

64) 24-26 (Translation into Chinese). [276] Knopoff, L., The thickness of the lithosphere from the dispersion of surface

waves, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 74, 55-81, 1983.

1984 [277] Kagan, Y.Y., and L. Knopoff, A stochastic model of earthquake occurrence,

Proc. Eighth World Conf. on Earthquake Engineering, 1, 295-302, 1984 (Pren-tice-Hall, Inc., Englewood, N.J.).

[278] Knopoff, L., and V.M. Markushevich, Stationarity and stability of a Markov earth-

quake sequence, Computational Seismology, 16, 21-31, 1984 (In Russian). (English Translation, Computational Seismology, 16, 17-27, 1984). [279] Knopoff, L., and V.M. Markushevich, A numerical solution of the equation for

a Markov earthquake sequence, Computational Seismology, 16, 31-36, 1984 (In Russian).

(English translation, Computational Seismology, 16, 28-32, 1984). [280] Chatterjee, A.K., and L. Knopoff, Spontaneous growth of an in-plane shear

crack, Int. J. Solids Structures, 20, 963-978, 1984. [281] Rydelek, P.A., and L. Knopoff, Spectral analysis of gapped data: search for

mode 1S1 at the South Pole, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 1899-1902, 1984. [282] Knopoff, L., Mathematical geophysics: a historical survey, Terra Cognita, 4,

233-234, 1984. [283] Knopoff, L., M. Grünewald and W. Zürn, Observations of anomalous long-period

surface wave dispersion at the South Pole, Antarctic J., 19, 9-10, 1984. [284] Knopoff, L., and W.I. Newman, Epitome, Proc. Third International Workshop on

Instabilities in Continuous media, Venice, 3 Dec.-7 Dec., pp 1-5, 1984.

[285] Knopoff, L., Solitary waves from collisions on discrete lattices, Proc. Third In-ternational Workshop on Instabilities in Continuous Media, Venice, 3 Dec.-7 Dec. 1984, pp. 12-16.

1985

[286] Kagan, Y.Y., and L. Knopoff, The first-order statistical moment of the seismic

moment tensor, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 81, 429-444, 1985. [287] Kagan, Y.Y., and L. Knopoff, The two-point correlation function of the seismic

moment tensor, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 83, 637-656, 1985. [288] Chatterjee, A.K., and L. Knopoff, Fracture dynamics of fusion of two anti-plane

cracks, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sciences, 82, 1869-1873, 1985. [289] Knopoff, L., V.I. Keilis-Borok and G. Puppi, editors, Instabilities in Continuous

Media, Contributions to Current Research in Geophysics, 12, Birkhauser Ver-lag, Basel, 1985.

Also appeared as Pure Appl. Geophys., 121, 361-572, 1983. [290] Knopoff, L., Analyses to support statistical criteria, Chapter 5 of Earthquake

Recurrence Intervals at Nuclear Power Plants, Analysis and Ranking, Report to U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, NUREG/CR-4145, 55 pp. + refer-ences. March 1985.

1986

[291] Chen, Y.T., and L. Knopoff, Static shear crack with a zone of slip-weakening,

Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 87, 1005-1024, 1986. Also Published (in Chinese) in Translated World Seismology, 1987, No. 5, pp.

33-45. [292] Chen, Y.T., and L. Knopoff, The quasistatic extension of a shear crack in a vis-

coelastic medium, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 87, 1025-1039, 1986. Also Published (in Chinese) in Translated World Seismology, 1987, No. 6, pp.

30-37. [293] Knopoff, L., P.A. Rydelek and W. Zürn, Terrestrial gyroscopic effects and grav-

ity tides at the South Pole, Antarctic J., 21, 1-2, 1986.

1987 [294] Kagan, Y.Y., and L. Knopoff, Random stress and earthquake statistics: time

dependence, Geophys.J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 88, 723-731, 1987. [295] Kagan, Y.Y., and L. Knopoff, Statistical short-term earthquake prediction, Sci-

ence, 236, 1563-1567, 1987.

[296] Yamashita, T., and L. Knopoff, Models of aftershock occurrence, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 91, 13-26, 1987.

[297] Chen, Y.T., X.F. Chen and L. Knopoff, Spontaneous growth and autonomous

contraction of a two-dimensional earthquake fault, Tectonophysics, 144, 5-17, 1987.

Also Published (in Chinese) in Translated World Seismology, 1988, No. 3, pp.

14-23. [298] Hutchinson, W., and L. Knopoff, The clustering of temporal elements in mel-

ody, Musical Perception, 4, 281-303, 1987. [299] Chen, Y.T., and L. Knopoff, Simulation of earthquake sequences, Geophys. J.

Roy. Astron. Soc., 91, 693-709, 1987. Also Published (in Chinese) in Translated World Seismology, 1988, No. 1, pp.

9-19. [300] Knopoff, L., Book Review: Seismic Strong Motion Synthetics, B.A. Bolt, ed.,

(Academic Press), Earthquake Spectra, 3, 821-822, 1987.

1988 [301] Keilis-Borok, V.I., L. Knopoff, I.M. Rotwain and C.R. Allen, Intermediate-term

prediction of occurrence times of strong earthquakes, Nature, 335, 690-694, 1988.

1989

[302] Yamashita, T., and L. Knopoff, A model of foreshock occurrence, Geophys. J.,

96, 389-399, 1989. [303] Knopoff, L., P.A. Rydelek, W. Zürn and D.C. Agnew, Observations of load

tides at the South Pole, Physics Earth Planetary Interiors, 54, 33-37, 1989. [304] Hudson, J.A., and L. Knopoff, Predicting the overall properties of composite

materials with small-scale inclusions or cracks, Pure Appl. Geophys., 131, 551-576, 1989.

[305] Knopoff, L., The ear as parallel processor, Proc. First Internat. Conf. on Music

Perception and Cognition, pp. 255-259, 1989. [306] Knopoff, L., P.A. Rydelek and W. Zürn, The transient regime of the free oscil-

lation spectrum: The view from the South Pole, Chapter 22 of Observatory Seismology, J.J. Litehiser, ed., University of California Press, 1989, pp. 347-365.

[307] Knopoff, L., The physics of earthquake prediction, Proc. Internat. Interdisci-

plinary Symp. in honour of G. Puppi, Atti di Conferenze, 23, 95-114, 1989, Soc. Italiana di Fisica, Bologna, R. Fanti, A. Forino, G. Giacomelli, L. Padrielli and A. Speranza, eds.

[308] Knopoff, L., Attenuation of seismic waves in the near-source region, Final Re-port, Geophysics Laboratory, Air Force Systems Command, 48 pp., 1989.

1990

[309] Newman, W.I., and L. Knopoff, Scale invariance in brittle fracture and the dy-

namics of crack fusion, Int. J. of Fracture, 43, 19-24, 1990. [310] Knopoff, L., P.A. Rydelek and C.Y. King, Comment on ‘Migration of Historical

Earthquakes in California’, by King and Ma, Pure Appl. Geophys., 133, 547-551, 1990.

[311] Knopoff, L., Haskell’s Seismic Source Theory, in Vincit Veritas, A Portrait of

the life and work of Norman Abraham Haskell, 1905-1970, A. Ben Menahem, ed., Amer. Geophys. Union, publ., pp. 46-49, 1990.

[312] Keilis-Borok, V.I., L. Knopoff, V. Kossobokov and I. Rotvain, Intermediate-

term prediction in advance of the Loma Prieta earthquake, Geophys. Res. Letts., 17, 1461-1464, 1990.

[313] Chatterjee, A.K., and L. Knopoff, Crack breakout dynamics, Bull. Seismol. Soc.

Amer., 80, 1571-1579, 1990. [314] Knopoff, L., The phenomenology of earthquake occurrence, in Disorder and

Fracture, J.C. Charmet, S. Roux and E. Guyon, eds., Plenum Press, New York, 1990, pp. 279-287.

[315] Knopoff, L., The Modeling of earthquake occurrence, in Disorder and Fracture,

J.C. Charmet, S. Roux and E. Guyon, eds., Plenum Press, New York, 1990, pp. 289-300.

[316] Knopoff, L., Intermediate-term earthquake prediction, Earthquakes and Volca-

noes, 22, 206-208, 1990.

1991 [317] Knopoff, L., Reply to the citation on the occasion of the award of the 13th

Medal of the Seismological Society of America, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 81, 295-296, 1991.

[318] Knopoff, L., Sir Harold Jeffreys: The Earth: Its Origin, History and Internal

Constitution, Chance, 4, 24-26, 1991. [319] Lomnitz-Adler, J., G. Martinez-Mekler and L. Knopoff, Fracture Propagation:

From time to ensemble averages and back again, Nonlinear Phenomena in Flu-ids, Solids and Other Complex Systems, P. Cordero and B. Nachtergaele, eds., Elsevier Publs., pp. 187-201, 1991.

[320] Davis, P.M., and L. Knopoff, The dipping antiplane crack, Geophys. J. Inter-

nat., 106, 581-585, 1991.

[321] Rosenblatt, D.B., and L. Knopoff, Instability in a delay-PDE model of earth-quake occurrence, J. Nonlinear Sci., 1, 279-288, 1991.

1992

[322] Lomnitz-Adler, J., L. Knopoff and G. Martinez-Mekler, Avalanches and epi-

demic models of fracturing in earthquakes, Phys. Rev. A, 45, 2211-2221, 1992. [323] Sornette, D., C. Vanneste and L. Knopoff, Statistical model of earthquake fore-

shocks, Phys. Rev. A, 45, 8351-8357, 1992. [324] Yamashita, T., and L. Knopoff, Model for intermediate-term precursory cluster-

ing of earthquakes, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 19,873-19,879, 1992. [325] Knopoff, L., J.A. Landoni and M.S. Abinante, Dynamical model of an earth-

quake fault with localization, Phys. Rev. A., 46, 7445-7449, 1992.

1993 [326] Knopoff, L., Self-organization and the development of pattern: Implications for

earthquake prediction, Proc. Amer. Philosoph. Soc., 137, 339-349, 1993.

1994 [327] Gabrielov, A., W. I. Newman and L. Knopoff, Lattice models of fracture: sensi-

tivity to the local dynamics, Phys. Rev. E, 50, 188-197, 1994. [328] Xu, H.-J., and L. Knopoff, Periodicity and chaos in a one-dimensional dynami-

cal model of earthquakes, Phys. Rev. E, 50, 3577-3581, 1994.

1995 [329] Knopoff, L., Book Review: Introduction to Elastic Wave Propagation, by A.

Bedford and D.S. Drumheller, John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, xiii + 297 pp., 1994, Tectonophysics, 243, 295-296, 1995.

[330] Nielsen, S., L. Knopoff and A. Tarantola, Model of earthquake recurrence: Role

of elastic wave radiation, relaxation of friction, and inhomogeneity, Jour. Geo-phys. Research, 100, 12,423-12,430, 1995.

[331] Davis, P.M., and L. Knopoff, The elastic modulus of media containing strongly in-

teracting antiplane cracks, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 18,253-18,258, 1995. [332] Knopoff, L., and X.X. Ni, A mesoscopic model of friction and the self-

organization of earthquake events, in Impact, Waves and Fracture, R.C. Batra, A.K. Mal and G.P. MacSithigh, editors, (American Society of Mechanical En-gineers, New York) pp. 175-187, 1995.

[333] Abinante, M.S., and L. Knopoff, Quasidynamic model for earthquake simula-

tions, Phys. Rev. E, 52, 5675-5678, 1995.

[334] Knopoff, L., and D. Sornette, Earthquake death tolls, J. de Physique I, 5, 1681-1688, 1995.

[335] Zürn, W., P.A. Rydelek, L. Knopoff and W. D. Smythe, Gravity Studies at the

South Pole, Proc. Twelfth Internat. Symp. on Earth Tides, (Science Press, Bei-jing) pp. 539-545, 1995.

[336] Knopoff, L., Colloquium, National Academy of Sciences Letter to Members, 25,

7, 1995. [337] Sornette, D., I. Dornic, A. Johansen, L. Knopoff and A. Sornette, Powerlaws,

criticality and self-organized criticality, Proc. IIIeme Seminaire Rhodanien de Physique, Physics of Complexity, S. Ciliberto, T. Dauxois and M. Droz, eds. (Editions Frontieres, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France), pp. 137-152, 1995.

1996

[338] Gao, S., H. Liu, P.M. Davis and L. Knopoff, Localized amplification of seismic

waves and correlation with damage due to the Northridge earthquake, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 86, S209-S230, 1996.

[339] Knopoff, L., T. Levshina, V.I. Keilis-Borok and C. Mattoni, Increased long-

range intermediate-magnitude earthquake activity prior to strong earthquakes in California, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 5779-5796, 1996.

[340] Knopoff, L., Earthquake Prediction, The Scientific Challenge, Proc. National

Acad. Sciences, 93, 3719-3720, 1996. [341] Knopoff, L., A selective phenomenology of the seismicity of Southern Califor-

nia, Proc. National Acad. Sciences, 93, 3756-3763, 1996. [342] Knopoff, L., The organization of seismicity on fault networks, Proc. National

Acad. Sciences, 93, 3830-3837, 1996. [343] Sornette, D., L. Knopoff, Y. Kagan and C. Vanneste, Rank-ordering statistics

of extreme events: application to the distribution of large earthquakes, J. Geo-phys. Res., 101, 13,883-13,893, 1996.

[344] Davis, P.M., and L. Knopoff, The elastic modulus of media containing strongly

interacting antiplane cracks – Reply, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 25,377-25,379, 1996.

[345] Gao, S., H. Liu, P.M. Davis, L. Knopoff and G. Fuis, A 98-station seismic array

to record aftershocks of the 1984 Northridge Earthquake, USGS Open File Re-port, 96-0690, 1996. 28pp.

1997

[346] Sornette, D., and L. Knopoff, The paradox of the expected time until the next

earthquake, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 87, 789-798, 1997.

[347] Knopoff, L., Stephan Müller, Mitteilungen Deutsche Geophys. Gesellschaft, Dec. 1997, 33-36.

[348] Knopoff, L., Noncausality of numerical models of dynamic fracture growth, An-

nali di Geofisica, 40, 1287-1292, 1997. [349] Knopoff, L., Scale invariance of earthquakes, in Scale Invariance and Beyond,

B. Dubrulle, F. Graner and D. Sornette, eds., (Springer, Berlin), pp. 160-172, 1997.

1998

[350] Nielsen, S.B., and L. Knopoff, The equivalent strength of geometrical barriers

to earthquakes. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 9953-9965, 1998. [351] Knopoff, L., Beno Gutenberg, 1889-1960. National Academy of Sciences, Bio-

graphical Memoirs, 76, 114-147, 1998. Also published in Mitteilungen, Deutsche Geophysik. Gesell., 2-15, (4)1999. Also to be published in Biographies of Notable Scientists and Engineers,

IASPEI Handbook of Earthquake and Engineering Seismology, submitted May 15, 2000.

1999

[352] Lee, M.W., D. Sornette and L. Knopoff, Persistence and quiescence of seismic-

ity on fault systems, Phys. Rev. Lett., 83, 4219-4222, 1999. [353] Lee, M.W. and L. Knopoff, The self-organization of aftershocks, in Proc. 1st

Workshop APEC Cooperation for Earthquake Simulation, 1999 (P. Mora, ed.), pp. 463-464, 1999.

[354] Knopoff, L., Earthquake prediction is difficult but not impossible, Nature De-

bates, 6 pp., 11 March, 1999 (see Nature, 398, Mar. 11, 1999, p. vii).

2000 [355] Davis, P.M., J.L. Rubinstein, K.H. Liu, S.S. Gao, and L. Knopoff, Anomalous

earthquake damage caused by geologic focusing of seismic waves, Science, 289, 1746-1750, 2000.

[356] Knopoff, L., The magnitude distribution of declustered earthquakes in Southern

California, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 97, 11880-11884, 2000. [357] Knopoff, L., J.A. Landoni and M.S. Abinante, Causality constraint for fractures

with linear slip weakening, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 28035-28043, 2000.

2001 [358] Knopoff, L., Rayleigh Waves without Cubic Equations, Computational Seis-

mology, 32, 33-37, 2001. [359] Knopoff, L., and X.X. Ni, Numerical Instability at the edge of a dynamic frac-

ture, Geophys. J. Int., 147, F1-F6, 2001. [360] Knopoff, L., and Y.T. Chen, Frictional sliding, shock waves and granular rota-

tions, in Proc. 2nd Workshop APEC Cooperation for Earthquake Simulation, 2000 (M. Matsu’ura, K. Nakajima and P. Mora, eds.), pp. 137-139, 2001.

2003

[361] Knopoff, L., and S. Treitel, Gordon J.F. MacDonald (1929-2002), Eos, Trans.

Amer. Geophys. Union, 84, 40, 2003.

2004 [362] Knopoff, L., and C.P. Slichter, Louis Slichter, 1896-1978. National Academy of

Sciences, Biographical Memoirs, 85, 2-22, 2004.

2006 [363] Knopoff, L., and J.A. Landoni, Fracture of a Liquefied Crack and the Physics

of Rayleigh Waves, PAGEOPH (Proc. 4th ACES conference, X.C. Yin, ed.), 163(9), 1741-1750, 2006.

2009

[364] Knopoff, L. and Y.T. Chen, The Single Couple Equivalent Force Component of

Dynamical Fractures and Intrafault Rotations, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 99(2B), 1091-1102, 2009.

[365] Davis, P.M. and L. Knopoff, The elastic modulus, percolation, and disaggrega-

tion of strongly interacting, intersecting, antiplane cracks, Proc. Nat. Acad. Scis., U.S., 106(31), 12634-12639, 2009.

2010

[366] Gleick PH, et al., +254 other authors incl. L. Knopoff, Climate Change and the

Integrity of Science, Science, 328(5979), 689-690, 2010.

2012 [367] Elkhoury, J., and L. Knopoff, Dynamical Model of Faulting in Two Dimensions

and Self-healing of Large Fractures, Physical Review E (APS), 86(6), 066118, 2012.

[WERE] IN PREPARATION Knopoff, L., A Characteristic Scale for Earthquakes in Southern California Knopoff, L., and J.A. Landoni, Dynamic Fractures with Linear Velocity Weak-

ening Knopoff, L., and P. Jögi, The Classical Triangle Billiard Landoni, J.A., and L. Knopoff, The Stress on Stopped Cracks Knopoff, L., and

M.W. Lee, Physics of the Omori Law of Aftershocks Elkhoury, J., and L. Knopoff, Self-organization of Earthquakes on Geometri-

cally Irregular Fault Systems