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FACTS:

The facts presented are accepted as given.

MAJOR ISSUE:

The majr iss!e "hich fa##s t $e cnsidered is as f##"s:

%. &hether 'en can $e ref!sed entr( int 'ar$ads.

MI)OR ISSUES:

In rder t address the majr iss!e it is necessar( t cnsider the f##"ing minr iss!es:

%. &hether 'en has an a!tmatic right t enter 'ar$ads fr !p t si* mnths.

+. &hether 'en "as discriminated against.,. &hether 'en has the right nt t have the impsitin f impediments t entr(.

-. &hether 'en sh!#d $e accrded reasns fr nnentr( int 'ar$ads.

RU/E:

%. The 0rand Anse 1ec#aratin f 1ecem$er %223 esta$#ished that a## CARICOM natina#s

sh!#d trave# free#( "ithin the Cmm!nit( "ith!t the need fr passprts. Fr the

p!rpses f the dec#aratin hass#e free trave# refers t the freedm f CARICOM

natina#s t trave# 4int and "ithin the j!risdictin f an( Mem$er State "ith!t

harassment r the impsitin f impediment4%. The intent5 simp#(5 is ne f fstering a

greater sense f cmm!nit( chesin. It is a#s designed t enc!rage greater intra

CARICOM t!rism.Article 45f the revised treat( f Chag!aramas e*press#( states that

6Mem$er States cmmit themse#ves t the ga# f free mvement f their natina#s

"ithin the Cmm!nit(.7+. )t"ithstanding the afrementined it is accepted internatina# #a" that a vi#atin f the

princip#e f nndiscriminatin arises if: a8 e9!a# cases are treated in a different manner+

$8 a difference in treatment des nt have an $jective and reasna$#e j!stificatin r c8

if there is n prprtina#it( $et"een the aim s!ght and the means emp#(ed.,These

re9!irements have $een f!rther e*press#( set !t $( the E!rpean C!rt inMarckx v.

Belgium.4Article 7 f the revised treat( f Chag!aramas states that 6"ithin the scpe f

1 Grand Anse Declaration 1990

2Inter-American Court (see, e.g,.Advisory Opinion No. 4, para. 57

!"uman #ig$ts Committee (see, e.g., General Comment 1%, para. 1!

&'%!!7&, Council o) *urope+ *uropean Court o) "uman #ig$ts, 27 April 1979

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app#icatin f this Treat( and "ith!t prej!dice t an( specia# prvisins cntained

therein5 an( discriminatin n gr!nds f nationality only shall be prohibited. The

Cmm!nit( C!nci# sha##5 after cns!#tatin "ith the cmpetent rgans5 esta$#ish r!#es t

prhi$it an( s!ch discriminatin.7

,. The 0rand Anse 1ec#aratin made cmmitment t 6deepening regina# ecnmic

integratin thr!gh the esta$#ishment f the CARICOM Sing#e Mar;et and Ecnm(T arg!e an a$s#!te right "!#d !ndermine the svereignt( f states5 their a$i#it( t

prtect their $rders $( determining a trave#er?s s!ita$i#it( fr entr(.Article 46 (3)ma;esc#ear that 6)thing in this Treat( sha## $e cnstr!ed as inhi$iting Mem$er States frmaccrding Cmm!nit( natina#s !nrestricted access t5 and mvement "ithin5 their

j!risdictins s!$ject t s!ch cnditins as the p!$#ic interest ma( re9!ire.7

A@@/ICATIO):

%. 'en is a Jamaica natina# "h trave##ed t 'ar$ads a recgnised mem$er f the

Cari$$ean Cmm!nit( and as s!ch cnfrms t the re9!irement f Article 45f the

revised treat( f Chag!aramas cmmitting mem$er states t the ga# f prviding free

mvement f their natina#s "ithin the cmm!nit(.+. 'en has n!mer!s previ!s cnvictins fr dr!g sm!gg#ing. On arriva# he infrms the

immigratin fficia# that he "ishes t sta( fr t" "ee;s at 0rassman5 a "e##;n"ndr!g p!sher in 'ar$ads. 'en a#s has n cash n hand.App#(ing the princip#e f nn

discriminatin 'en cannt $jective#( $e cnsidered the rdinar( visitr given his dr!g

sm!gg#ing recrd. As a cnse9!ence he "as s!$jected t 9!estining fr mre than t"

h!rs and deprted frm 'ar$ads "ith the treatment having an $jective and reasna$#ej!stificatin given his antecedents. It is c#ear the aim "as t prtect the $rders f the

state and deprtatin "as an ptin prprtinate "ith the threat. Article 7 f the revised

treat( f Chag!aramas states that inter a#ia an( discriminatin n gr!nds f

nationalityonly shall be prohibited. The discriminatin e*ercised "as "ithin accepted

internatina# #a" practice n the tpic as "e## as in accrdance "ithArticle 7$eca!senatina#it( "as never an iss!e high#ighted.

5 #eised reat o) C$aguaramas

'"aig . Agee &5! /.. 2%0 (19%1

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,. The facts sh" that 'en "as s!$jected t 9!estining fr mre than t" h!rs and

deprted frm 'ar$ads.Article 46 (2)prvides fr 6mvement f Cmm!nit( natina#s

int and "ithin their j!risdictins "ith!t harassment r the impsitin f impediments.7-. 'ased n certain infrmatin received frm the CARICOM Regina# Sec!rit( S(stem5 an

rganisatin cncerned "ith sec!rit(5 a decisin is made nt t give 'en reasns fr

ref!sing him entr( int 'ar$ads. This actin is in ;eeping "ithArticle 46 (2)"hich issi#ent "ith regard t f!rnishing a reasn fr ref!sa# f entr(.

CO)C/USIO)A1BICE TO TE MI)OR ISSUES:

%. It is advised that 'en has an a!tmatic right t enter 'ar$ads.

+. It is advised that 'en "as nt discriminated against.

,. It is advised that 'en has the right nt t have the impsitin f impediments t entr(.-. It is advised that 'en is nt "ed reasns fr nnentr( int 'ar$ads.

CO)C/USIO)A1BICE O) TE MAJOR ISSUE:

%. This paper recgniDes that 'en has an a!tmatic right t entr(5 he has a right nt t $e

discriminated against5 he has the right t $e free f impediments and he is nt "ed

reasns fr nnentr(. &hat this paper a#s recgnises is that n right is a$s#!te "ith!t

respnsi$i#it( n the part f the rights h#der. Incrprating is the prcess $( "hich

internatina# agreements $ecme part f the dmestic #a" f a svereign state. The

prcess is m!ch #i;e passing dmestic #egis#atin

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Cnstit!tin sha## prevai# and the ther #a" sha##5 t the e*tent f the incnsistenc(5 $e

vid.7 An indicatin that the cnstit!tin is s!preme #a" and s!pprted in the revised

treat( has identified inArticle 46 (3)that each state has the fina# sa( "ith regard t

decisins f sec!rit(. It is advised therefre that 'en can $e ref!sed entr( int 'ar$ads

as per the evidence cited.

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/A& %+,+ /E0A/ METO1S5 RESEARC5 A)1 &RITI)0 II

Semester II +3%=+3%>

C!rse 1irectr: 1r. Cr#ita 'a$$Schaefer

COURSE&ORG ASSI0)ME)T =3 mar;s. A printed cp( f (!r ans"er t this assignment

is t $e s!$mitted t the Fac!#t( Office $efre -:33pm n r $efre Apri# %,5 +3%>.

A)S&ER TE UESTIO) 'E/O&.

TE FACTS:

'en5 a Jamaica natina#5 arrives in 'ar$ads. e has n!mer!s previ!s cnvictins fr dr!g

sm!gg#ing. e infrms the immigratin fficia# that he "ishes t sta( fr t" "ee;s at

0rassman5 a "e##;n"n dr!g p!sher in 'ar$ads. 'en has n cash at hand. After $eing

s!$jected t 9!estining fr mre than t" h!rs5 'en is deprted frm 'ar$ads. 'ased n

certain infrmatin received frm the CARICOM Regina# Sec!rit( S(stem5 an rganisatin

cncerned "ith sec!rit(5 a decisin is made nt t give 'en reasns fr ref!sing him entr( int

'ar$ads. 'en is f the vie" that he has an a!tmatic right t enter 'ar$ads and sta( there fr

!p t si* mnths "ith!t harassment r the impsitin f impediments5 and that he is entit#ed t

reasns. Cnse9!ent#(5 he cmmences an actin in the Cari$$ean C!rt f J!stice against the

State f 'ar$ads.

Advise the State f 'ar$ads n the iss!es arising.

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)AME: %223>H%=

1ATE: &ednesda( %,thApri# +3%>

/ECTURE: /ega# Methds Research and &riting

/ECTURER: 1r. Cr#ita 'a$$ Schaefer

FACU/TK: /a"5 U.&.I Cave i##