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LED Fact or Fiction

Yoelit H. Hiebert, PE, CEM

Sweet Savings | 2016 Business Symposium

LED Fact or Fiction?

• LED products last forever • LED lights don’t radiate heat • LED lights are not bright enough • LED light quality is poor • LED products are all basically the same in terms of quality and reliability • LED products provide the best lighting solution for all applications



» Why Use LED Lighting?

» LED Basics

» LED Characteristics

» Short-term Trends

» The Future of LED Lighting

» Case Studies


Why Use LED Lighting?

»Reduced energy costs

»Reduced maintenance costs

»Reduced cooling costs

» Ideal for power cycling and cold

environments

»Durable

»Easy to control and network


Market Adoption

» 215 million LED lighting products installed by 2014 • 88% indoor

• 8% outdoor

• 4% other

» Indoor LED - 3% of total 2014 lighting market • Mostly indoor lamps

» Outdoor LED - 10% of total 2014 lighting market

Source: Adoption of Light-Emitting Diodes in Common Lighting Applications, July 2015

http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=0012Zc2VbIn-DvivXnqLULJVAtCXsuEiDqlXHECjvhlXUmuSxmgmbw8Yh4_i26Jd3JY15mhbqpzm-sw_cYa-0-QdW2ycXjbnGGNPNFW8mzAIpc4ArBvVBRpifTvpJSsR_wv9tF4oT9oPgAgKJ4g1ZVhYXnzP78kG-1EbAG4LPyIPgt3nhUHcvA9A5wvAdJ2BjNZ9OF3dkuEuahD0J1ObkfNgg==&c=JbAJ1JCJIVnjqSLeTJqb1Om5YCWcLMgYCJ84uA0oKtemlMsd0ekttA==&ch=dr24zyoIyb_kF1_1O_g02JeQi8QfuXDszFqJj7dTsepi6kTBawOyJg==




LED Basics

» LED - Light-Emitting Diode

» LEDs emit light via the movement of electrons

through a semiconductor material

» LEDs have been used as indicator lighting for

many years but have only been used for

general lighting applications in the last ten

years.

» LEDs are a subset of solid state technology –

Solid State Lighting (SSL) used interchangeably


Comparing LEDs to Other Lighting


Development Timeline


Components of an LED Lighting System

Light Engine

Housing and Thermal

Managment

Driver Controls and Networking (optional)

LED Lighting System

Components


LED Characteristics

» Lumens – a measure of the total "amount" of

visible light emitted by a source

» Efficacy – output lumens/input watts = overall

efficiency

» Lumen Maintenance (L70) – the time in hours at

which the lumen output is 70% of initial

(projected using standard test/projection

methods)


LED Characteristics

» CRI – Color Rendering Index – an indication of how well the light source faithfully reproduces various colors • Score of 1 - 100

» CCT (Correlated Color Temperature) - an indication of “warmness” or “coolness” of white light, expressed in degrees Kelvin • 2700K - warm white, higher red component

• 5000K - cool white, higher blue component


LED Lighting Listing Organizations

Energy Star – www.energystar.gov

» Part of the DOE

» Promotes residential and commercial energy efficiency

» Qualified Products Lists – for lamps and lamp-like fixtures (CFL

and LED)

DesignLights Consortium® (DLC) – www.designlights.org

» Non-profit organization - support comes from utility members

» Qualified Products List - for categories of LED products not

covered by Energy Star

» SSL technology only

http://www.energystar.gov/

http://www.designlights.org/


Short-term Trends

» General Illumination Lighting Markets

• Commercial/Industrial

• Outdoor

• Retail/Hospitality

» Specialty Lighting Markets – e.g., displays, medical,

horticulture, agriculture, automotive

» Lighting for commercial/outdoor applications –

lumens, direction, efficacy, reliability

» Lighting for life – color, consistency, customization


Industry Direction

» LED adoption – it’s not LED Lighting – it’s just Lighting

» Electronics –

• Lighting and color controls

• Building automation interfaces

» Form factors- designers taking advantage of SSL flexibility for more creative luminaires

» Software – lighting has become part of the software industry

» New players - Flextronics, ABB, LG Electronics

– not in lighting business until now


LED Architectural/OLED Lighting


Custom Spectrum Lighting


ASHRAE 90.1-2013/IECC 2015

» Table 9.6.1 Lighting Power Density Allowances – lighting control

(beyond local switch) required in essentially all spaces

» 10.4.5.2 Energy monitoring and reporting, all utilities. Building-level

energy use data must be collected and reported for electric and non-

electric utilities. The energy data is to be recorded at least every 60

minutes, reported and retained for three years.

» 8.4.3.1 Electric Power Monitoring and Reporting (sub-metering) Energy

use of the following systems needs to be monitored separately: - Total

electrical energy - HVAC - Interior lighting - Exterior lighting -

Receptacle Circuits


The Future of LED Lighting

» SSL as the anchor for integrated building controls to:

1. Maximize comfort and convenience of occupants

2. Minimize energy usage

» Lighting performance is still a consideration but now sensors and controls are included in nearly all lighting products

• Lighting as a dynamic function which responds based on occupancy, daylight levels, individual preferences

• Color, distribution, intensity automatically and individually controlled

• Technologically and economically possible to integrate, sensors, intelligence, network interfaces to enable an overall building management system.


The Future of LED Lighting

Challenges:

- 35+ legacy automation protocols for building systems

- Numerous proprietary implementations

- Reliability – critical infrastructure cannot fail

- Security – who’s job is it anyway?

- Ownership – building management groups will need to include IT competency


In the News

» Apple to make future iPhones compatible with a cutting-edge Li-fi technology that has the capability to transmit data at 100 times the speed of WiFi

» GE will stop making CFL bulbs, will focus on LEDs instead

» GE Align SSL retrofit lamp technology for assistance in regulating natural human sleep and wake cycles

» Lighting Science Group Sleepy Baby product is designed for infant sleep training

» GE ShotSpotter - outdoor lighting that can detect the sound of a gunshot and alert police

http://thehackernews.com/2015/11/li-fi-wireless-internet-technology.html

http://thehackernews.com/2015/11/li-fi-wireless-internet-technology.html


2014 U.S. Energy Usage

All Other Electrical (3745 billion kWh)

Commercial/Industrial Lighting (262 billion kWh) Residential Lighting

(150 billion kWh)

Source: US Energy Information Administration – updated 4/16/15


Case Studies

Retrofit – Grocery Exterior

» Replaced metal halide with LED

wallpacks and canopy lighting

» 17,000 kWh saved per year, 8% of total usage

» $1,000 saved per year

» 3 year simple ROI


Case Studies

Retrofit – Warehouse Interior

» Replaced metal halide and T8 office-type lighting with

LED luminaires and sensors

» 511,000 kWh saved per year, 2.5% total usage

» $30,000 saved per year

» 4 year simple ROI


Case Studies

New Construction –

Fitness Center

» Indoor and Outdoor LED lighting

» Approx. 100,000 kWh saved per

year (compared to code

requirement)

» Approx. $6,000 saved per

year

» Approx. 11 year simple ROI



• LED products last forever • LED lights don’t radiate heat • LED lights are not bright enough • LED light quality is poor • LED products are all basically the same in terms of quality and reliability • LED products provide the best lighting solution for all applications

Thank you!

Yoelit Hiebert, PE, CEM

[email protected]

314-770-3066

mailto:[email protected]

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