Lecture will include

1 – Difference between Permanent & Deciduous teeth

2 -Pulp ( Contents & Compartments)3 -Pulp space Morphology:

a. Root canal system b. Pulp space morphology of anterior

teeth c. Pulp Space morphology of premolars

4 -How to make Access Preparation

Difference between Permanent & Deciduous Teeth

Deciduous PermanentLarger in size Small in size

Crown is less Bulbous Crown is Bulbous

Crown is darker in color Crown is light in color

Less prominent cervical ridge Prominent cervical ridge( especially 1st deciduous molar)

Longer trunk (the furcation is away from

cervical line)

Short trunk (the furcation is directly after

cervical line)

Less widely divergent roots. Widely divergent roots( to enclose the developing

successor)

Pulp

Anatomy of the pulp

*The coronal pulp

*The radicular pulp

*Apical foramen

*The average size of the apical

foramen is varies from 0.3 to 0.6mm.

The dental pulp is highly specialized loose delicate connective tissue occupying the central portion of the tooth

Pulp Space Morphology

Types of Root Canal SystemA) Classification of Root canal Acc. To Form & Configuration

(By Weine)

Ramification Type I Type II Type III Type IV Type V Type VI

Orifice one two two single single two

Root Canal single two Two Single

Branching in middle 1/3

surrounding a dentin island

2 Canals unite at cervical 1/3 then divide at

apical 1/3

Apical Foramen single single Two Two single two

B) According to Maturation & Curvature (Root Canal Classes)

Class I Class II Class III

Mature (having apical constriction) Immature (open apex)

straight Slightly curved

Severely curved Dilacerated Bayonet tubular blunderbuss

Mandibular

Canine

Maxillary Canine

Mandibular

Lateral

Mandibular

Central

Maxillary

Lateral

Maxillary

Central

1 3 Pulp Horns

Oval Triangle PulpChamber

FrontalView

(Mesio-Distal)

NarrowHas uniform taper

WideHas uniform

taper

Root Canal

-Wide follow external outline ,pointed incisally & widen

cervically-

PulpChambe

r

Proximal

View(Bucco-

Lingual)

-Wide-Constricted in

apical 3rd

-Wide(if 2 canals)-Uniform taper

-Wide-Uniform taper

Root Canal

Single RootedType I ,II,III

1 canal or 2 canals(30-40%)

No. of Roots &Root Canal

system

-Oval in shape

-Triangular in shape with base incisally & apex civically-

Outline Form

24 25- 26Longest

root

21 22.5 23 Average Root Length (in milimeters)

Wide Narrow

Type Iل Type Iل

Type I 94%

Type II,III 6%

Mandibular 2nd

Premolar

Mandibular 1st Premolar

Maxillary 2nd

Premolar

Maxillary1sr

Premolar

2 Buccal (most prominent) & Lingual Pulp Horns

-Oval-Narrow

PulpChamber

Facial View

(Mesio-Distal)Narrow Root

Canal-Wide

-Pointed incisally & widen cervicallyPulp

ChamberProximal

View(Bucco-

Lingual)-Wide-Sudden constriction in

middle 3rd

-Wide(1 root)

-Narrow(2 roots)

RootCanal

-1 root 85 % 1 canal 15% 2 canals

(type IV mainly , type

II ,III)

-rare 2 roots

-1 root 85 % Type I 70% Type II 20%

Type III 10%)- 2 roots 15%

 -20% bayonet

curve

-2 r00ts 60%

-1 root 38%

Type I 10%

Type II 20%

Type III 70%

-3 roots 2%

(3 root canals (2 B

& 1 Ling.

No. of Roots&

Root canal System

Oval (buccolingually) Ovoid (buccolingually)

From buccal cusp tip to base of Palatal cusp

Outline form

21.5 mm 21 mm 21 mm Average Root Length

Access

Cavity

Preparation

1- Instruments2- Entrance3- Direction4- Point of Penetration5- Outline Form6- Size (Extent)

1 -Instrumensts Diagnostic Burs & Stones for

Access prep.

MandibularPremolars

MaxillaryPremolars

Anterior Teeth

Occlusal Lingual/ Palatal 2 -Entrance

Parallel to long axis 90° degree till dentin

Then 45° till pulp

(with long axis)

3 -Direction

At 1/3 of lingual incline of buccal

cusp

CentralGroove

Middle Of

Middle

4 -Point Of

Peneteration

Ovoid Oval Triangle (Base incisallya &

Apex cervically)5 -Outline

Form

Should not touch i/marginal ridges ii/ incisal edge

iii/ cingulum 6 -Size

(Extent)

Thank You&

Good Luck